1. Aerosol source apportionment uncertainty linked to the choice of input chemical components
- Author
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European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (España), 0000-0003-1546-9154, 0000-0002-8821-1923, 0000-0002-7294-3556, 0000-0003-2667-5973, 0000-0002-7720-0233, 0000-0002-9876-6383, 0000-0003-3307-2548, 0000-0002-7727-8647, 0000-0001-8010-7024, 0000-0003-1224-6369, 0000-0002-5453-5495, 0000-0002-6549-9899, Amato, Fulvio, van Drooge, Barend L., Jaffrezo, J. L., Favez, O., Colombi, C., Cuccia, E., Reche, Cristina, Ippolito, F., Ridolfo, S., Lara, R., Uzu, G., Ngoc, T. V. D., Dominutti, P., Darfeuil, S., Albinet, A., Srivastava, D., Karanasiou, Angeliki, Lanzani, G., Alastuey, Andrés, Querol, Xavier, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (España), 0000-0003-1546-9154, 0000-0002-8821-1923, 0000-0002-7294-3556, 0000-0003-2667-5973, 0000-0002-7720-0233, 0000-0002-9876-6383, 0000-0003-3307-2548, 0000-0002-7727-8647, 0000-0001-8010-7024, 0000-0003-1224-6369, 0000-0002-5453-5495, 0000-0002-6549-9899, Amato, Fulvio, van Drooge, Barend L., Jaffrezo, J. L., Favez, O., Colombi, C., Cuccia, E., Reche, Cristina, Ippolito, F., Ridolfo, S., Lara, R., Uzu, G., Ngoc, T. V. D., Dominutti, P., Darfeuil, S., Albinet, A., Srivastava, D., Karanasiou, Angeliki, Lanzani, G., Alastuey, Andrés, and Querol, Xavier
- Abstract
For a Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) aerosol source apportionment (SA) studies there is no standard procedure to select the most appropriate chemical components to be included in the input dataset for a given site typology, nor specific recommendations in this direction. However, these choices are crucial for the final SA outputs not only in terms of number of sources identified but also, and consequently, in the source contributions estimates. In fact, PMF tends to reproduce most of PM mass measured independently and introduced as a total variable in the input data, regardless of the percentage of PM mass which has been chemically characterized, so that the lack of some specific source tracers (e.g. levoglucosan) can potentially affect the results of the whole source apportionment study. The present study elaborates further on the same concept, evaluating quantitatively the impact of lacking specific sources' tracers on the whole source apportionment, both in terms of identified sources and source contributions. This work aims to provide first recommendations on the most suitable and critical components to be included in PMF analyses in order to reduce PMF output uncertainty as much as possible, and better represent the most commons PM sources observed in many sites in Western countries. To this aim, we performed three sensitivity analyses on three different datasets across EU, including extended sets of organic tracers, in order to cover different types of urban conditions (Mediterranean, Continental, and Alpine), source types, and PM fractions. Our findings reveal that the vehicle exhaust source resulted to be less sensitive to the choice of analytes, although source contributions estimates can deviate significantly up to 44 %. On the other hand, for the detection of the non-exhaust one is clearly necessary to analyze specific inorganic elements. The choice of not analysing non-polar organics likely causes the loss of separation of exhaust and non-exhaust fa
- Published
- 2024