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Aim Health economic evaluations conducted from a societal perspective currently do not consider inter-sectoral unit costs (UC) of the German Criminal Justice Sector.Methods UCwere calculated according to the pre-defined measurement parameters from the PECUNIA questionnaire by means of literature and internet research, or direct correspondence with the institution. If UC could not be identified, proxies were used.Results UC were calculated for police, fire brigade, vandalism, prison, police custody, simple and serious theft, minor and serious vandalism of real estate, and legal fees in court.Conclusion The lack of UC for services in the criminal justice sector in Germany makes this work important for health economic evaluations from a societal perspective. The usability of the developed UC outside of health economics, such as forensic psychiatry, emphasizes the relevance of this work.

Heterozygous germline mutations in breast cancer 1 (BRCA1) strongly predispose women to breast cancer. BRCA1 plays an important role in DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair via homologous recombination (HR), which is important for tumor suppression. Although BRCA1-deficient cells are highly sensitive to treatment with DSB-inducing agents through their HR deficiency (HRD), BRCA1-associated tumors display heterogeneous responses to platinum drugs and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in clinical trials. It is unclear whether all pathogenic BRCA1 mutations have similar effects on the response to therapy. Here, we have investigated mammary tumorigenesis and therapy sensitivity in mice carrying the Brca1 _185stop_ and Brca1 _5382stop_ alleles, which respectively mimic the 2 most common BRCA1 founder mutations, BRCA1 _185delAG_ and BRCA1 _5382insC_. Both the Brca1185stop and Brca1 _5382stop_ mutations predisposed animals to mammary tumors, but Brca1 _185stop_ tumors responded markedly worse to HRD-targeted therapy than did Brca1 _5382stop_ tumors. Mice expressing Brca1 _185stop_ mutations also developed therapy resistance more rapidly than did mice expressing Brca1 _5382stop_. We determined that both murine Brca1 _185stop_ tumors and human BRCA1 _185delAG_ breast cancer cells expressed a really interesting new gene domain-less (RING-less) BRCA1 protein that mediated resistance to HRD-targeted therapies. Together, these results suggest that expression of RING-less BRCA1 may serve as a marker to predict poor response to DSB-inducing therapy in human cancer patients.

De grote steden in ons land groeien vooral door immigratie en de aanleg van nieuwe wijken binnen de stadsgrenzen. De modieuze stelling dat yuppen met bakfietsen in de binnenstad de groei veroorzaken en de stad aantrekkelijk maken, vertekent de werkelijkheid., Management in the Built Environment, Architecture and The Built Environment

De grote steden in ons land groeien vooral door immigratie en de aanleg van nieuwe wijken binnen de stadsgrenzen. De modieuze stelling dat yuppen met bakfietsen in de binnenstad de groei veroorzaken en de stad aantrekkelijk maken, vertekent de werkelijkheid., Management in the Built Environment, Architecture and The Built Environment

New heterobidentate N-heterocyclic carbene-triazolyl ligands and several of their palladium(II) complexes have been synthesized in a modular fashion using click chemistry. These complexes are the first examples where triazolyl-substituted NHCs exhibit bidentate behavior, which was confirmed by NMR and X-ray diffraction studies. The synthesis of the complexes could be achieved in relatively few steps by introducing the diversity at a late stage in the synthesis.The complexes are active precatalysts in the transfer semihydrogenation of alkynes toZ-alkenes,with activity and selectivity depending on the triazolyl substituent and the NHC nitrogen substituent. Selectivities as high as 99% were observed.

Hoogheemraadschap Hollands Noorderkwartier (HHNK) gaat de waterkwaliteit bij de bron aanpakken. De top-3 normoverschrijdende stoffen in het oppervlaktewater in het beheersgebied van het HHNK worden op het erf in de bollensector gebruikt. Er is een samenwerkingsverband aangegaan met de gewasbeschermingshandel Van Gent van de Meer Nuyens, de bollensector en het project 'Telen met Toekomst' om de probleemstoffen onder de aandacht te brengen bij de bollenteler. Het doel is om na te gaan hoe deze stoffen in het oppervlaktewater terecht komen. Door in gesprek te komen met de telers kunnen alle erfroutes in beeld gebracht worden, eventueel nieuwe routes gevonden worden en maatregelen worden geadviseerd om emissie te voorkomen

Waterschap Rivierenland en de Organisation pour la Mise en Valeur du fleuve Sénégal (OMVS) zetten hun samenwerking voort. De OMVS, waarmee het waterschap sinds 2004 samenwerkt, is een intergouvernementele beheerorganisatie voor de Sénégalrivier en bestaat uit bestuurders van de landen in het stroomgebied van de rivier: Guinee, Mali, Mauritanië en Senegal. Aanvankelijk speelde het waterschap vooral een rol bij de beheersing van de typha, een woekerende waterplant in de delta. Inmiddels is de samenwerking verbreed naar integrale ontwikkeling van het stroomgebied van de Sénégalrivier. Diverse Nederlandse en Afrikaanse organisaties zijn er bij betrokken. Zo adviseert het Havenbedrijf Rotterdam over de bevaarbaarheid van de rivier, zal Rijkswaterstaat kennis inzetten bij het baggeren van de rivier en bekijken de Dienst Landelijk Gebied en ecologisch onderzoeksbureau Altenburg Wymenga de mogelijkheden van uitbreiding van wetlands in het stroomgebied. Verder is een begin gemaakt met monitoring van de waterkwaliteit.

RIVM rapport:In this report the development of a Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) for the photohydrolysis of halogenated benzene derivatives is described. Measured quantum yields for this transformation process were correlated to a limited number of generally available molecular descriptors. First of all a QSAR was derived for the photohydrolysis of para-substituted halobenzene derivatives. With the aim of evaluating the outcome of three data-analytical techniques that at present are used to an increasing extend, these techniques were used independently to derive three distinct relationships. The best results were obtained with Multiple Linear Regression and Partial Least Squares. The final ('best') QSAR had an r2-value of 88%, while for a combination of meta- and para-substituted halobenzene-derivatives a relationship was obtained with a value of r2 that was lower than the r2-value of the QSARs for the meta- and para substituted compounds separately (80% versus 89 and 88%).

RIVM rapport:In this report the development of a Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) for the photohydrolysis of halogenated benzene derivatives is described. Measured quantum yields for this transformation process were correlated to a limited number of generally available molecular descriptors. First of all a QSAR was derived for the photohydrolysis of para-substituted halobenzene derivatives. With the aim of evaluating the outcome of three data-analytical techniques that at present are used to an increasing extend, these techniques were used independently to derive three distinct relationships. The best results were obtained with Multiple Linear Regression and Partial Least Squares. The final ('best') QSAR had an r2-value of 88%, while for a combination of meta- and para-substituted halobenzene-derivatives a relationship was obtained with a value of r2 that was lower than the r2-value of the QSARs for the meta- and para substituted compounds separately (80% versus 89 and 88%).

RIVM rapport:In this report the development of a Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) for the photohydrolysis of halogenated benzene derivatives is described. Measured quantum yields for this transformation process were correlated to a limited number of generally available molecular descriptors. First of all a QSAR was derived for the photohydrolysis of para-substituted halobenzene derivatives. With the aim of evaluating the outcome of three data-analytical techniques that at present are used to an increasing extend, these techniques were used independently to derive three distinct relationships. The best results were obtained with Multiple Linear Regression and Partial Least Squares. The final ('best') QSAR had an r2-value of 88%, while for a combination of meta- and para-substituted halobenzene-derivatives a relationship was obtained with a value of r2 that was lower than the r2-value of the QSARs for the meta- and para substituted compounds separately (80% versus 89 and 88%).

Background: Health problems can lead to costs in the education sector. However, these costs are rarely incorporated in health economic evaluations due to the lack of reference unit costs (RUCs), cost per unit of service, of education services and of validated methods to obtain them. In this study, a standardized unit cost calculation tool developed in the PECUNIA project, the PECUNIA RUC Template for services, was applied to calculate the RUCs of selected education services in five European countries. Methods: The RUCs of special education services and of educational therapy were calculated using the information collected via an exploratory gray literature search and contact with service providers. Results: The RUCs of special education services ranged from €55 to €189 per school day. The RUCs of educational therapy ranged from €6 to €25 per contact and from €5 to €35 per day. Variation was observed in the type of input data and measurement unit, among other. Discussion: The tool helped reduce variability in the RUCs related to costing methodology and gain insights into other aspects that contribute to the variability (e.g. data availability). Further research and efforts to generate high quality input data are required to reduce the variability of the RUCs.