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Several non-mental diseases seem to be associated with an increased risk of ADHD and ADHD seems to be associated with increased risk for non-mental diseases. The underlying trajectories leading to such brain-body co-occurrences are often unclear - are there direct causal relationships from one disorder to the other, or does the sharing of genetic and/or environmental risk factors lead to their occurring together more frequently or both? Our goal with this narrative review was to provide a conceptual synthesis of the associations between ADHD and non-mental disease across the lifespan. We discuss potential shared pathologic mechanisms and genetic background and treatments in co-occurring diseases. For those co-occurrences for which published studies with sufficient sample sizes exist, meta-analyses have been published by others and we discuss those in detail. We conclude that non-mental diseases are common in ADHD and vice versa and add to the disease burden of the patient across the lifespan. Insufficient attention to such co-occurring conditions may result in missed diagnoses and suboptimal treatment in the affected individuals., Funding agencies:Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst (DAAD) European Commission 91690211 Lundbeck Foundation iPSYCH grant R102-A9118 R155-2014-1724 R248-2017-2003 Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF)Spanish Government SAF2015-68341-R RTI2018-100968-B-I00 Agencia de Gestio D'Ajuts Universitaris de Recerca Agaur (AGAUR) Generalitat de Catalunya 2017-SGR-738 Innovative Medicine Initiative (IMI2)-Call 2 853966Instituto de Salud Carlos III CP09/ 00119 CPII15/00023 Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI17/00289Agencia de Gestio D'Ajuts Universitaris de Recerca Agaur (AGAUR)Generalitat de Catalunya General Electric 2017SGR1461Stiftelsen Kristian Gerhard Jebsen SKGJ MED-02Regional Health Authority of Western Norway F-10146

Introduction: Constipation constitutes a health problem suffered by the hospitalized patient. In the cardiac patient, constipation has a high incidence, as he/she undergoes, in the acute phase of his/her disease, biophysical changes as a consequence both of the pathology itself and of its treatment. Under these circumstances, serious complications may appear as a result of the effort, and hence we consider its prevention necessary. Objective: To develop an action protocol so as to establish a single criterion facing the defecational needs of the patient admitted to the Cardiology Unit, in order to be able to guarantee a non-pathological defecational pattern while avoiding complications. Materials and Methods: A bibliographical search has been conducted on the adoption of a non-pathological defecational pattern. An action panel has been developed to treat constipation according to the patient’s characteristics and his/her cardiac pathology, taking into account situations of special interest requiring a specific surveillance. The protocol has been reviewed and agreed by various professional experts. Results: An action protocol against constipation in patients admitted to our cardiology unit has been developed. Conclusions: We believe that this protocol will be a good work tool for health personnel. It will avoid complications and will increase our patients’ comfort., • Introducción: El estreñimiento es un problema de salud que sufre el paciente hospitalizado. En el paciente cardiológico, el estreñimiento tiene una alta incidencia ya que este experimenta, en la fase aguda de su enfermedad, cambios biofísicos provocados tanto por la propia patología como por su tratamiento. En estas circunstancias, pueden aparecer graves complicaciones como consecuencia del esfuerzo, por lo que creemos necesaria su prevención. • Objetivo: Elaborar un protocolo de actuación, para establecer un criterio único, ante la necesidad de eliminación deposicional del paciente ingresado en la unidad de cardiología, para poder garantizar un patrón deposicional no patológico evitando la aparición de complicaciones. • Material y Método: Se ha realizado una búsqueda bibliográfica sobre la adopción de un patrón deposicional no patológico. Se ha elaborado un panel de actuación para tratar el estreñimiento según las características del paciente y su patología cardiaca, teniendo en cuenta situaciones de especial interés que requieran una vigilancia específica. El protocolo fue revisado y consensuado por diferentes expertos profesionales. • Resultados: Se ha elaborado un protocolo de actuación frente al estreñimiento ocasionado en pacientes ingresados en nuestra unidad de cardiología. • Conclusiones: Creemos que este protocolo será una buena herramienta de trabajo para el personal sanitario. Evitará complicaciones y aumentará el confort de nuestros pacientes.