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1. High-dimensional tennis balls

Author

Gowers, Timothy, Gowers, Timothy, Wyczesany, Katarzyna, Gowers, Timothy, Gowers, Timothy, and Wyczesany, Katarzyna

Abstract

We show that there exist constants $\alpha,\epsilon>0$ such that for every positive integer $n$ there is a continuous odd function $f:S^m\to S^n$, with $m\geq \alpha n$, such that the $\epsilon$-expansion of the image of $f$ does not contain a great circle. This result is motivated by a conjecture of Vitali Milman about well-complemented almost Euclidean subspaces of spaces uniformly isomorphic to $\ell_2^n$.Mathematics Subject Classifications: 46B09, 60C05Keywords: Anti-Ramsey, antipodal subsphere

Published
2022

2. High-dimensional tennis balls

Author

Gowers, Timothy, Gowers, Timothy, Wyczesany, Katarzyna, Gowers, Timothy, Gowers, Timothy, and Wyczesany, Katarzyna

Abstract

We show that there exist constants \(\alpha,\epsilon>0\) such that for every positive integer \(n\) there is a continuous odd function \(f:S^m\to S^n\), with \(m\geq \alpha n\), such that the \(\epsilon\)-expansion of the image of \(f\) does not contain a great circle. This result is motivated by a conjecture of Vitali Milman about well-complemented almost Euclidean subspaces of spaces uniformly isomorphic to \(\ell_2^n\).Mathematics Subject Classifications: 46B09, 60C05Keywords: Anti-Ramsey, antipodal subsphere

Published
2022

3. Mixing in Non-Quasirandom Groups

Author

W. T. Gowers and Emanuele Viola, Gowers, W. T., Viola, Emanuele, W. T. Gowers and Emanuele Viola, Gowers, W. T., and Viola, Emanuele

Abstract

We initiate a systematic study of mixing in non-quasirandom groups. Let A and B be two independent, high-entropy distributions over a group G. We show that the product distribution AB is statistically close to the distribution F(AB) for several choices of G and F, including: 1) G is the affine group of 2x2 matrices, and F sets the top-right matrix entry to a uniform value, 2) G is the lamplighter group, that is the wreath product of ℤ₂ and ℤ_{n}, and F is multiplication by a certain subgroup, 3) G is Hⁿ where H is non-abelian, and F selects a uniform coordinate and takes a uniform conjugate of it. The obtained bounds for (1) and (2) are tight. This work is motivated by and applied to problems in communication complexity. We consider the 3-party communication problem of deciding if the product of three group elements multiplies to the identity. We prove lower bounds for the groups above, which are tight for the affine and the lamplighter groups.

Published
2022
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4. A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Products Marketed as Plant-Based Across the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada Using Online Nutrition Information.

Author

Guess, Nicola, Guess, Nicola, Klatt, Kevin, Wei, Dorothy, Williamson, Eric, Ulgenalp, Ilayda, Trinidade, Ornella, Kusaslan, Eslem, Yildirim, Azize, Gowers, Charlotte, Guard, Robert, Mills, Chris, Guess, Nicola, Guess, Nicola, Klatt, Kevin, Wei, Dorothy, Williamson, Eric, Ulgenalp, Ilayda, Trinidade, Ornella, Kusaslan, Eslem, Yildirim, Azize, Gowers, Charlotte, Guard, Robert, and Mills, Chris

Abstract

BackgroundThe food industry is responding to a rising demand for plant-based foods by developing and marketing an ever-wider range of vegan and vegetarian products under the banner of "plant-based." Understanding the nutritional properties of these products is critical.ObjectivesTo assess the number, meal type, and nutritional content of products marketed as plant-based (MaPB) from the perspective of the consumer across multiple sectors in the United States, United Kingdom, and Canada.MethodsAn online search for products MaPB was performed across supermarkets, restaurants, food manufacturers, and plant-based meal delivery companies in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada using the terms: "vegan," "vegetarian," and "plant-based." Online nutrition data were extracted, and whole meals that comprised >50% of ingredients such as fruits, vegetables, legumes, nuts, and seeds were identified. The nutritional content of dishes MaPB in restaurants was also directly compared with meat-containing dishes.ResultsFurther, 3488 unique products were identified, of which 962 were whole meals and 1137 were a replacement for the main protein component in a meal, including 771 meat alternatives. Across all sectors, 45% of whole meals had >15-g protein, 70% had <10% kcal from saturated fat; 29% had >10-g fiber per meal, and 86% had <1000 mg sodium. At restaurants, 1507 meat-containing dishes were identified and compared with 191 vegetarian and 81 vegan dishes. The meat-containing dishes were higher in protein [35.4 g (24.0-51.4)] compared with vegetarian [19.0 g (13.0-26.1)] and vegan [16.2 g (10.5-23.2) dishes (P < 0.001)]. The vegan dishes were low in saturated fat and sodium (SFA: 6.3 g ± 6.4, Sodium: 800 mg (545.0-1410.0) compared with both meat [SFA: 11.6 g ± 10.0; Sodium: 1280 mg (820.0-1952.0)] and vegetarian [SFA: 9.4 g ± 7.6; Sodium: 1011 mg (603.0-1560.0)] options (P < 0.001 for all comparisons).ConclusionsProducts MaPB tend to have lower conce

Published
2023

5. Evaluating Language Models for Mathematics through Interactions

Author

Collins, Katherine M., Jiang, Albert Q., Frieder, Simon, Wong, Lionel, Zilka, Miri, Bhatt, Umang, Lukasiewicz, Thomas, Wu, Yuhuai, Tenenbaum, Joshua B., Hart, William, Gowers, Timothy, Li, Wenda, Weller, Adrian, Jamnik, Mateja, Collins, Katherine M., Jiang, Albert Q., Frieder, Simon, Wong, Lionel, Zilka, Miri, Bhatt, Umang, Lukasiewicz, Thomas, Wu, Yuhuai, Tenenbaum, Joshua B., Hart, William, Gowers, Timothy, Li, Wenda, Weller, Adrian, and Jamnik, Mateja

Abstract

There is much excitement about the opportunity to harness the power of large language models (LLMs) when building problem-solving assistants. However, the standard methodology of evaluating LLMs relies on static pairs of inputs and outputs, and is insufficient for making an informed decision about which LLMs and under which assistive settings can they be sensibly used. Static assessment fails to account for the essential interactive element in LLM deployment, and therefore limits how we understand language model capabilities. We introduce CheckMate, an adaptable prototype platform for humans to interact with and evaluate LLMs. We conduct a study with CheckMate to evaluate three language models (InstructGPT, ChatGPT, and GPT-4) as assistants in proving undergraduate-level mathematics, with a mixed cohort of participants from undergraduate students to professors of mathematics. We release the resulting interaction and rating dataset, MathConverse. By analysing MathConverse, we derive a taxonomy of human behaviours and uncover that despite a generally positive correlation, there are notable instances of divergence between correctness and perceived helpfulness in LLM generations, amongst other findings. Further, we garner a more granular understanding of GPT-4 mathematical problem-solving through a series of case studies, contributed by expert mathematicians. We conclude with actionable takeaways for ML practitioners and mathematicians: models that communicate uncertainty respond well to user corrections, and are more interpretable and concise may constitute better assistants. Interactive evaluation is a promising way to navigate the capability of these models; humans should be aware of language models' algebraic fallibility and discern where they are appropriate to use.

Published
2023

6. A Graphical User Interface Framework for Formal Verification

Author

Edward W. Ayers and Mateja Jamnik and W. T. Gowers, Ayers, Edward W., Jamnik, Mateja, Gowers, W. T., Edward W. Ayers and Mateja Jamnik and W. T. Gowers, Ayers, Edward W., Jamnik, Mateja, and Gowers, W. T.

Abstract

We present the "ProofWidgets" framework for implementing general user interfaces (UIs) within an interactive theorem prover. The framework uses web technology and functional reactive programming, as well as metaprogramming features of advanced interactive theorem proving (ITP) systems to allow users to create arbitrary interactive UIs for representing the goal state. Users of the framework can create GUIs declaratively within the ITP’s metaprogramming language, without having to develop in multiple languages and without coordinated changes across multiple projects, which improves development time for new designs of UI. The ProofWidgets framework also allows UIs to make use of the full context of the theorem prover and the specialised libraries that ITPs offer, such as methods for dealing with expressions and tactics. The framework includes an extensible structured pretty-printing engine that enables advanced interaction with expressions such as interactive term rewriting. We exemplify the framework with an implementation for the https://leanprover-community.github.io. The framework is already in use by hundreds of contributors to the Lean mathematical library.

Published
2021
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7. Mixing in Non-Quasirandom Groups

Author

Gowers, W. T., Viola, Emanuele, Gowers, W. T., and Viola, Emanuele

Abstract

We initiate a systematic study of mixing in non-quasirandom groups. Let A and B be two independent, high-entropy distributions over a group G. We show that the product distribution AB is statistically close to the distribution F(AB) for several choices of G and F, including: 1) G is the affine group of 2x2 matrices, and F sets the top-right matrix entry to a uniform value, 2) G is the lamplighter group, that is the wreath product of ?? and ?_{n}, and F is multiplication by a certain subgroup, 3) G is H? where H is non-abelian, and F selects a uniform coordinate and takes a uniform conjugate of it. The obtained bounds for (1) and (2) are tight. This work is motivated by and applied to problems in communication complexity. We consider the 3-party communication problem of deciding if the product of three group elements multiplies to the identity. We prove lower bounds for the groups above, which are tight for the affine and the lamplighter groups.

Published
2022
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8. Block ‘n’ flip: boosting student engagement in the HE classroom

Author

Gowers, Isobel, Oprandi, Paolo, Betts, Tab, Di Ciolla, Nicoletta, Nerantzi, Chrissi, Chatzidamianos, Gerasimos, Gowers, Isobel, Oprandi, Paolo, Betts, Tab, Di Ciolla, Nicoletta, Nerantzi, Chrissi, and Chatzidamianos, Gerasimos

Abstract

What is the idea? Actively and pro-actively involving students in their learning, providing them with a supportive environment, is key to student empowerment, autonomous learning and development.

Published
2022

9. Block ‘n’ flip: boosting student engagement in the HE classroom

Author

Gowers, Isobel, Oprandi, Paolo, Betts, Tab, Di Ciolla, Nicoletta, Nerantzi, Chrissi, Chatzidamianos, Gerasimos, Gowers, Isobel, Oprandi, Paolo, Betts, Tab, Di Ciolla, Nicoletta, Nerantzi, Chrissi, and Chatzidamianos, Gerasimos

Abstract

What is the idea? Actively and pro-actively involving students in their learning, providing them with a supportive environment, is key to student empowerment, autonomous learning and development.

Published
2022

10. Fiber-Based Electrochemical Biosensors for Monitoring pH and Transient Neurometabolic Lactate

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Booth, Marsilea A, Gowers, Sally AN, Hersey, Melinda, Samper, Isabelle C, Park, Seongjun, Anikeeva, Polina, Hashemi, Parastoo, Stevens, Molly M, Boutelle, Martyn G, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Booth, Marsilea A, Gowers, Sally AN, Hersey, Melinda, Samper, Isabelle C, Park, Seongjun, Anikeeva, Polina, Hashemi, Parastoo, Stevens, Molly M, and Boutelle, Martyn G

Abstract

Developing tools that are able to monitor transient neurochemical dynamics is important to decipher brain chemistry and function. Multifunctional polymer-based fibers have been recently applied to monitor and modulate neural activity. Here, we explore the potential of polymer fibers comprising six graphite-doped electrodes and two microfluidic channels within a flexible polycarbonate body as a platform for sensing pH and neurometabolic lactate. Electrodes were made into potentiometric sensors (responsive to pH) or amperometric sensors (lactate biosensors). The growth of an iridium oxide layer made the fiber electrodes responsive to pH in a physiologically relevant range. Lactate biosensors were fabricated via platinum black growth on the fiber electrode, followed by an enzyme layer, making them responsive to lactate concentration. Lactate fiber biosensors detected transient neurometabolic lactate changes in an in vivo mouse model. Lactate concentration changes were associated with spreading depolarizations, known to be detrimental to the injured brain. Induced waves were identified by a signature lactate concentration change profile and measured as having a speed of ∼2.7 mm/min (n = 4 waves). Our work highlights the potential applications of fiber-based biosensors for direct monitoring of brain metabolites in the context of injury.

Published
2022

11. Lrig1 expression identifies airway basal cells with high proliferative capacity and restricts lung squamous cell carcinoma growth

Author

Succony, Laura, Gómez-López, Sandra, Pennycuick, Adam, Alhendi, Ahmed S N, Davies, Derek, Clarke, Sarah E, Gowers, Kate H C, Wright, Nicholas A, Jensen, Kim B., Janes, Sam M, Succony, Laura, Gómez-López, Sandra, Pennycuick, Adam, Alhendi, Ahmed S N, Davies, Derek, Clarke, Sarah E, Gowers, Kate H C, Wright, Nicholas A, Jensen, Kim B., and Janes, Sam M

Abstract

Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) accounts for a significant proportion of cancer deaths worldwide, and is preceded by the appearance of progressively disorganised pre-invasive lesions in the airway epithelium. Yet the biological mechanisms underlying progression of pre-invasive lesions into invasive LUSC are not fully understood. LRIG1 is downregulated in pre-invasive airway lesions and invasive LUSC tumours and this correlates with decreased lung cancer patient survival.Using an Lrig1 knock-in reporter mouse and human airway epithelial cells collected at bronchoscopy, we show that during homeostasis LRIG1 is heterogeneously expressed in the airway epithelium. In basal airway epithelial cells, the suspected cell of origin of LUSC, LRIG1 identifies a subpopulation of progenitor cells with higher in vitro proliferative and self-renewal potential in both the mouse and human. Using the N-nitroso-tris-chloroethylurea (NTCU)-induced murine model of LUSC, we find that Lrig1 loss-of-function leads to abnormally high cell proliferation during the earliest stages of pre-invasive disease and to the formation of significantly larger invasive tumours, suggesting accelerated disease progression.Together, our findings identify LRIG1 as a marker of basal airway progenitor cells with high proliferative potential and as a regulator of pre-invasive lung cancer progression. This work highlights the clinical relevance of LRIG1 and the potential of the NTCU-induced LUSC model for functional assessment of candidate tumour suppressors and oncogenes.

Published
2022

12. Lrig1 expression identifies airway basal cells with high proliferative capacity and restricts lung squamous cell carcinoma growth

Author

Succony, Laura, Gómez-López, Sandra, Pennycuick, Adam, Alhendi, Ahmed S N, Davies, Derek, Clarke, Sarah E, Gowers, Kate H C, Wright, Nicholas A, Jensen, Kim B., Janes, Sam M, Succony, Laura, Gómez-López, Sandra, Pennycuick, Adam, Alhendi, Ahmed S N, Davies, Derek, Clarke, Sarah E, Gowers, Kate H C, Wright, Nicholas A, Jensen, Kim B., and Janes, Sam M

Abstract

Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) accounts for a significant proportion of cancer deaths worldwide, and is preceded by the appearance of progressively disorganised pre-invasive lesions in the airway epithelium. Yet the biological mechanisms underlying progression of pre-invasive lesions into invasive LUSC are not fully understood. LRIG1 is downregulated in pre-invasive airway lesions and invasive LUSC tumours and this correlates with decreased lung cancer patient survival.Using an Lrig1 knock-in reporter mouse and human airway epithelial cells collected at bronchoscopy, we show that during homeostasis LRIG1 is heterogeneously expressed in the airway epithelium. In basal airway epithelial cells, the suspected cell of origin of LUSC, LRIG1 identifies a subpopulation of progenitor cells with higher in vitro proliferative and self-renewal potential in both the mouse and human. Using the N-nitroso-tris-chloroethylurea (NTCU)-induced murine model of LUSC, we find that Lrig1 loss-of-function leads to abnormally high cell proliferation during the earliest stages of pre-invasive disease and to the formation of significantly larger invasive tumours, suggesting accelerated disease progression.Together, our findings identify LRIG1 as a marker of basal airway progenitor cells with high proliferative potential and as a regulator of pre-invasive lung cancer progression. This work highlights the clinical relevance of LRIG1 and the potential of the NTCU-induced LUSC model for functional assessment of candidate tumour suppressors and oncogenes.

Published
2022

13. Comment découvrir une démonstration pourtant longue et complexe : les leçons de Pólya : conférence du 17 avril 2019 / Timothy Gowers, aut. ; Timothy Gowers, participant

Author

Gowers, Timothy (1963-....). Auteur du texte, Gowers, Timothy (1963-....). Participant, Gowers, Timothy (1963-....). Auteur du texte, and Gowers, Timothy (1963-....). Participant

Abstract

[Conférence. 2019-04-17], Collection : Un texte, un mathématicien, Collection : Un texte, un mathématicien, Collection : Conférences de la Bibliothèque nationale de France, Collection : Conférences de la Bibliothèque nationale de France, Enregistrement : (France) Paris, BnF, 17-04-2019, Durée : 01:33:40, Thème : Sciences

Published
2019

14. China and the Uighurs: Options for Legal Accountability

Author

Garwood-Gowers, Andrew and Garwood-Gowers, Andrew

Abstract

In this contribution the author examines options for legal accountability in relation to possible crimes against humanity and genocide against the Uighurs. While China’s reluctance to accede to international adjudication mechanisms means there are limited avenues for accountability, recent developments in relation to the International Criminal Court’s jurisdiction over crimes with a transboundary element may open the door to possible investigation and prosecution of Chinese nationals. However, more immediate steps to respond to the situation in Xinjiang will focus on securing access for an independent fact-finding investigation and persuading China to uphold its responsibility to protect.

Published
2021

16. CYP2D6 Genotyping and Antipsychotic-Associated Extrapyramidal Adverse Effects in a Randomized Trial of Aripiprazole Versus Quetiapine Extended Release in Children and Adolescents, Aged 12-17 Years, With First Episode Psychosis

Author

Rudå, Ditte, Jensen, Karsten Gjessing, Decara, Marie Stentebjerg, Klauber, Dea Gowers, Fagerlund, Birgitte, Møllegaard, Jens Richardt, Linnet, Kristian, Werge, Thomas, Correll, Christoph U., Fink-Jensen, Anders, Jurgens, Gesche, Pagsberg, Anne Katrine, Rudå, Ditte, Jensen, Karsten Gjessing, Decara, Marie Stentebjerg, Klauber, Dea Gowers, Fagerlund, Birgitte, Møllegaard, Jens Richardt, Linnet, Kristian, Werge, Thomas, Correll, Christoph U., Fink-Jensen, Anders, Jurgens, Gesche, and Pagsberg, Anne Katrine

Abstract

Purpose/Background The aim of this study was to examine the association between genetically predicted CYP2D6 phenotypes and extrapyramidal symptoms (EPSs). Methods/Procedures Data from the Tolerability and Efficacy of Antipsychotics trial of adolescents with first-episode psychosis randomized to aripiprazole versus quetiapine extended release were studied. Extrapyramidal symptom assessments included the Simpson-Angus Scale and the Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale. Patients were CYP2D6 genotyped. Plasma concentrations of antipsychotics and antidepressants were analyzed. Findings/Results One hundred thirteen youths (age, 12–17 years; males, 30%; antipsychotic naive, 51%) were enrolled. Poor metabolizers had a significantly higher dose-adjusted aripiprazole plasma concentration (±SD) compared with normal metabolizers at week 4 (24.30 ± 6.40 ng/mL per milligram vs 14.85 ± 6.15 ng/mL per milligram; P = 0.019), but not at week 12 (22.15 ± 11.04 ng/mL per milligram vs 14.32 ± 4.52 ng/mL per milligram; P = 0.067). This association was not found in the quetiapine extended release group. No association between CYP2D6 genotype groups and global Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale score or Simpson-Angus Scale score was found in any of the treatment arms. Implications/Conclusions Our results do not support routine use of CYP2D6 testing as a predictor of drug-induced parkinsonism or akathisia risk in clinical settings. Further studies with larger samples of CYP2D6 poor metabolizers are needed.

Published
2021

17. Differential effects of age at illness onset on verbal memory functions in antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients aged 12-43 years

Author

Fagerlund, Birgitte, Pantelis, Christos, Jepsen, Jens Richardt Møllegaard, Raghava, Jayachandra Mitta, Rostrup, Egill, Thomas, Marie Bjerregaard, Nielsen, Mette Ødegaard, Bojesen, Kirsten, Jensen, Karsten Gjessing, Stentebjerg-Decara, Marie, Klauber, Dea Gowers, Rudå, Ditte, Ebdrup, Bjørn H., Jessen, Kasper, Sigvard, Anne, Tangmose, Karen, Jeppesen, Pia, Correll, Christoph U., Fink-Jensen, Anders, Pagsberg, Anne Katrine, Glenthøj, Birte Yding, Fagerlund, Birgitte, Pantelis, Christos, Jepsen, Jens Richardt Møllegaard, Raghava, Jayachandra Mitta, Rostrup, Egill, Thomas, Marie Bjerregaard, Nielsen, Mette Ødegaard, Bojesen, Kirsten, Jensen, Karsten Gjessing, Stentebjerg-Decara, Marie, Klauber, Dea Gowers, Rudå, Ditte, Ebdrup, Bjørn H., Jessen, Kasper, Sigvard, Anne, Tangmose, Karen, Jeppesen, Pia, Correll, Christoph U., Fink-Jensen, Anders, Pagsberg, Anne Katrine, and Glenthøj, Birte Yding

Abstract

BackgroundThe typical onset of schizophrenia coincides with the maturational peak in cognition; however, for a significant proportion of patients the onset is before age 18 and after age 30 years. While cognitive deficits are considered core features of schizophrenia, few studies have directly examined the impact of age of illness onset on cognition.MethodsThe aim of the study was to examine if the effects of age on cognition differ between healthy controls (HCs) and patients with schizophrenia at illness onset. We examined 156 first-episode antipsychotic-naïve patients across a wide age span (12-43 years), and 161 age- A nd sex-matched HCs. Diagnoses were made according to ICD-10 criteria. Cognition was assessed using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS), and IQ was estimated using subtests from the Wechsler adult-or child-intelligence scales. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to examine linear and quadratic effects of age on cognitive scores and interactions by group, including sex and parental socioeconomic status as covariates.ResultsThere was a significant overall effect of age on BACS and IQ (p < 0.001). Significant group-by-age interactions for verbal memory (for age-squared, p = 0.009), and digit sequencing (for age, p = 0.01; age-squared, p < 0.001), indicated differential age-related trajectories between patients and HCs.ConclusionsCognitive functions showing protracted maturation into adulthood, such as verbal memory and verbal working memory, may be particularly impaired in both early- A nd late-schizophrenia onset. Our findings indicate a potential interaction between the timing of neurodevelopmental maturation and a possible premature age effect in late-onset schizophrenia.

Published
2021

18. A Fully Abstract Game Semantics for Countable Nondeterminism

Author

W. John Gowers and James D. Laird, Gowers, W. John, Laird, James D., W. John Gowers and James D. Laird, Gowers, W. John, and Laird, James D.

Abstract

The concept of fairness for a concurrent program means that the program must be able to exhibit an unbounded amount of nondeterminism without diverging. Game semantics models of nondeterminism show that this is hard to implement; for example, Harmer and McCusker's model only admits infinite nondeterminism if there is also the possibility of divergence. We solve a long standing problem by giving a fully abstract game semantics for a simple stateful language with a countably infinite nondeterminism primitive. We see that doing so requires us to keep track of infinitary information about strategies, as well as their finite behaviours. The unbounded nondeterminism gives rise to further problems, which can be formalized as a lack of continuity in the language. In order to prove adequacy for our model (which usually requires continuity), we develop a new technique in which we simulate the nondeterminism using a deterministic stateful construction, and then use combinatorial techniques to transfer the result to the nondeterministic language. Lastly, we prove full abstraction for the model; because of the lack of continuity, we cannot deduce this from definability of compact elements in the usual way, and we have to use a stronger universality result instead. We discuss how our techniques yield proofs of adequacy for models of nondeterministic PCF, such as those given by Tsukada and Ong.

Published
2018
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19. Argo Data 1999–2019: Two Million Temperature-Salinity Profiles and Subsurface Velocity Observations From a Global Array of Profiling Floats

Author

Wong, Annie P. S., Wijffels, Susan E., Riser, Stephen C., Pouliquen, Sylvie, Hosoda, Shigeki, Roemmich, Dean, Gilson, John, Johnson, Gregory C., Martini, Kim, Murphy, David J., Scanderbeg, Megan, Bhaskar, T. V. S. Udaya, Buck, Justin J. H., Merceur, Frederic, Carval, Thierry, Maze, Guillaume, Cabanes, Cécile, André, Xavier, Poffa, Noe, Yashayaev, Igor, Barker, Paul M., Guinehut, Stéphanie, Belbéoch, Mathieu, Ignaszewski, Mark, Baringer, Molly O'Neil, Schmid, Claudia, Lyman, John M., Mctaggart, Kristene E., Purkey, Sarah G., Zilberman, Nathalie, Alkire, Matthew B., Swift, Dana, Owens, W. Brechner, Jayne, Steven R., Hersh, Cora, Robbins, Pelle, West-mack, Deb, Bahr, Frank, Yoshida, Sachiko, Sutton, Philip J. H., Cancouët, Romain, Coatanoan, Christine, Dobbler, Delphine, Juan, Andrea Garcia, Gourrion, Jerome, Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas, Bernard, Vincent, Bourlès, Bernard, Claustre, Hervé, D'Ortenzio, Fabrizio, Le Reste, Serge, Le Traon, Pierre-yves, Rannou, Jean Philippe, Saout-grit, Carole, Speich, Sabrina, Thierry, Virginie, Verbrugge, Nathalie, Angel-benavides, Ingrid M., Klein, Birgit, Notarstefano, Giulio, Poulain, Pierre-marie, Vélez-belchí, Pedro, Suga, Toshio, Ando, Kentaro, Iwasaska, Naoto, Kobayashi, Taiyo, Masuda, Shuhei, Oka, Eitarou, Sato, Kanako, Nakamura, Tomoaki, Sato, Katsunari, Takatsuki, Yasushi, Yoshida, Takashi, Cowley, Rebecca, Lovell, Jenny L., Oke, Peter R., Van Wijk, Esmee M., Carse, Fiona, Donnelly, Matthew, Gould, W. John, Gowers, Katie, King, Brian A., Loch, Stephen G., Mowat, Mary, Turton, Jon, Rama Rao, E. Pattabhi, Ravichandran, M., Freeland, Howard J., Gaboury, Isabelle, Gilbert, Denis, Greenan, Blair J. W., Ouellet, Mathieu, Ross, Tetjana, Tran, Anh, Dong, Mingmei, Liu, Zenghong, Xu, Jianping, Kang, Kiryong, Jo, Hyeongjun, Kim, Sung-dae, Park, Hyuk-min, Wong, Annie P. S., Wijffels, Susan E., Riser, Stephen C., Pouliquen, Sylvie, Hosoda, Shigeki, Roemmich, Dean, Gilson, John, Johnson, Gregory C., Martini, Kim, Murphy, David J., Scanderbeg, Megan, Bhaskar, T. V. S. Udaya, Buck, Justin J. H., Merceur, Frederic, Carval, Thierry, Maze, Guillaume, Cabanes, Cécile, André, Xavier, Poffa, Noe, Yashayaev, Igor, Barker, Paul M., Guinehut, Stéphanie, Belbéoch, Mathieu, Ignaszewski, Mark, Baringer, Molly O'Neil, Schmid, Claudia, Lyman, John M., Mctaggart, Kristene E., Purkey, Sarah G., Zilberman, Nathalie, Alkire, Matthew B., Swift, Dana, Owens, W. Brechner, Jayne, Steven R., Hersh, Cora, Robbins, Pelle, West-mack, Deb, Bahr, Frank, Yoshida, Sachiko, Sutton, Philip J. H., Cancouët, Romain, Coatanoan, Christine, Dobbler, Delphine, Juan, Andrea Garcia, Gourrion, Jerome, Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas, Bernard, Vincent, Bourlès, Bernard, Claustre, Hervé, D'Ortenzio, Fabrizio, Le Reste, Serge, Le Traon, Pierre-yves, Rannou, Jean Philippe, Saout-grit, Carole, Speich, Sabrina, Thierry, Virginie, Verbrugge, Nathalie, Angel-benavides, Ingrid M., Klein, Birgit, Notarstefano, Giulio, Poulain, Pierre-marie, Vélez-belchí, Pedro, Suga, Toshio, Ando, Kentaro, Iwasaska, Naoto, Kobayashi, Taiyo, Masuda, Shuhei, Oka, Eitarou, Sato, Kanako, Nakamura, Tomoaki, Sato, Katsunari, Takatsuki, Yasushi, Yoshida, Takashi, Cowley, Rebecca, Lovell, Jenny L., Oke, Peter R., Van Wijk, Esmee M., Carse, Fiona, Donnelly, Matthew, Gould, W. John, Gowers, Katie, King, Brian A., Loch, Stephen G., Mowat, Mary, Turton, Jon, Rama Rao, E. Pattabhi, Ravichandran, M., Freeland, Howard J., Gaboury, Isabelle, Gilbert, Denis, Greenan, Blair J. W., Ouellet, Mathieu, Ross, Tetjana, Tran, Anh, Dong, Mingmei, Liu, Zenghong, Xu, Jianping, Kang, Kiryong, Jo, Hyeongjun, Kim, Sung-dae, and Park, Hyuk-min

Abstract

In the past two decades, the Argo Program has collected, processed, and distributed over two million vertical profiles of temperature and salinity from the upper two kilometers of the global ocean. A similar number of subsurface velocity observations near 1,000 dbar have also been collected. This paper recounts the history of the global Argo Program, from its aspiration arising out of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment, to the development and implementation of its instrumentation and telecommunication systems, and the various technical problems encountered. We describe the Argo data system and its quality control procedures, and the gradual changes in the vertical resolution and spatial coverage of Argo data from 1999 to 2019. The accuracies of the float data have been assessed by comparison with high-quality shipboard measurements, and are concluded to be 0.002°C for temperature, 2.4 dbar for pressure, and 0.01 PSS-78 for salinity, after delayed-mode adjustments. Finally, the challenges faced by the vision of an expanding Argo Program beyond 2020 are discussed.

Published
2020
Full Text
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20. 'Jump start' childcare-based intervention to promote physical activity in pre-schoolers: Six-month findings from a cluster randomised trial

Author

Okely, Anthony D., Stanley, Rebecca M., Jones, Rachel A., Cliff, Dylan P., Trost, Stewart G., Berthelsen, Donna, Salmon, Jo, Batterham, Marijka, Eckermann, Simon, Reilly, John J., Brown, Ngiare, Mickle, Karen J., Howard, Steven J., Hinkley, Trina, Janssen, Xanne, Chandler, Paul, Cross, Penny, Gowers, Fay, Okely, Anthony D., Stanley, Rebecca M., Jones, Rachel A., Cliff, Dylan P., Trost, Stewart G., Berthelsen, Donna, Salmon, Jo, Batterham, Marijka, Eckermann, Simon, Reilly, John J., Brown, Ngiare, Mickle, Karen J., Howard, Steven J., Hinkley, Trina, Janssen, Xanne, Chandler, Paul, Cross, Penny, and Gowers, Fay

Abstract

Background: Participation in adequate levels of physical activity during the early years is important for health and development. We report the 6-month effects of an 18-month multicomponent intervention on physical activity in early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings in low-income communities. Methods: A cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted in 43 ECEC settings in disadvantaged areas of New South Wales, Australia. Three-year-old children were recruited and assessed in the first half of 2015 with follow-up 6 months later. The intervention was guided by Social Cognitive Theory and included five components. The primary outcome was minutes per hour in total physical activity during ECEC hours measured using Actigraph accelerometers. Intention-to-treat analysis of the primary outcome was conducted using a generalized linear mixed model. Results: A total of 658 children were assessed at baseline. Of these, 558 (85%) had valid accelerometer data (mean age 3.38y, 52% boys) and 508 (77%) had valid accelerometry data at 6-month follow-up. Implementation of the intervention components ranged from 38 to 72%. There were no significant intervention effects on mins/hr. spent in physical activity (adjusted difference = - 0.17 mins/hr., 95% CI (- 1.30 to 0.97), p = 0.78). A priori sub-group analyses showed a greater effect among overweight/obese children in the control group compared with the intervention group for mins/hr. of physical activity (2.35mins/hr., [0.28 to 4.43], p = 0.036). Conclusions: After six-months the Jump Start intervention had no effect on physical activity levels during ECEC. This was largely due to low levels of implementation. Increasing fidelity may result in higher levels of physical activity when outcomes are assessed at 18-months.

Published
2020

21. A comparison between a doctor-pharmacist collaborative model and the usual medical model for perioperative prescribing of medications in an anaesthetic-led pre-admission clinic

Author

Garwood-Gowers, Penelope and Garwood-Gowers, Penelope

Abstract

Pharmacist prescribing in an anaesthetic-led pre-admission clinic. This thesis investigates if a doctor-pharmacist collaborative prescribing model provides better care than the usual (medical) prescribing model in a medium sized hospital, anaesthetic-led pre-admission clinic setting. The doctor-pharmacist collaborative prescribing model was found to improve safety and quality of prescribing patients’ usual home medications, and provided better compliance for appropriate surgical antibiotic prophylaxis prescribing versus the usual prescribing model of care. Other benefits are saved doctor time and high patient satisfaction.

Published
2020

22. Argo data 1999-2019: two million temperature-salinity profiles and subsurface velocity observations from a global array of profiling floats.

Author

Wong, Annie P. S., Wijffels, Susan E., Riser, Stephen C., Pouliquen, Sylvie, Hosoda, Shigeki, Roemmich, Dean, Gilson, John, Johnson, Gregory C., Martini, Kim I., Murphy, David J., Scanderbeg, Megan, Udaya Bhaskar, T. V. S., Buck, Justin J. H., Merceur, Frederic, Carval, Thierry, Maze, Guillaume, Cabanes, Cécile, André, Xavier, Poffa, Noé, Yashayaev, Igor, Barker, Paul M., Guinehut, Stéphanie, Belbeoch, Mathieu, Ignaszewski, Mark, Baringer, Molly O., Schmid, Claudia, Lyman, John, McTaggart, Kristene E., Purkey, Sarah G., Zilberman, Nathalie, Alkire, Matthew, Swift, Dana, Owens, W. Brechner, Jayne, Steven R., Hersh, Cora, Robbins, Pelle E., West-Mack, Deb, Bahr, Frank B., Yoshida, Sachiko, Sutton, Philip J. H., Cancouët, Romain, Coatanoan, Christine, Dobbler, Delphine, Garcia Juan, Andrea, Gourrion, Jérôme, Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas, Bernard, Vincent, Bourlès, Bernard, Claustre, Hervé, d’Ortenzio, Fabrizio, Le Reste, Serge, Le Traon, Pierre-Yves, Rannou, Jean-Philippe, Saout-Grit, Carole, Speich, Sabrina, Thierry, Virginie, Verbrugge, Nathalie, Angel-Benavides, Ingrid M., Klein, Birgit, Notarstefano, Giulio, Poulain, Pierre Marie, Vélez-Belchí, Pedro, Suga, Toshio, Ando, Kentaro, Iwasaska, Naoto, Kobayashi, Taiyo, Masuda, Shuhei, Oka, Eitarou, Sato, Kanako, Nakamura, Tomoaki, Sato, Katsunari, Takatsuki, Yasushi, Yoshida, Takashi, Cowley, Rebecca, Lovell, Jenny L., Oke, Peter, van Wijk, Esmee, Carse, Fiona, Donnelly, Matthew, Gould, W. John, Gowers, Katie, King, Brian A., Loch, Stephen G., Mowat, Mary, Turton, Jon, Pattabhi Rama Rao, Eluri, Ravichandran, M., Freeland, Howard, Gaboury, Isabelle, Gilbert, Denis, Greenan, Blair J. W., Ouellet, Mathieu, Ross, Tetjana, Tran, Anh, Dong, Mingmei, Liu, Zenghong, Xu, Jianping, Kang, KiRyong, Jo, HyeongJun, Kim, Sung-Dae, Park, Hyuk-Min, Wong, Annie P. S., Wijffels, Susan E., Riser, Stephen C., Pouliquen, Sylvie, Hosoda, Shigeki, Roemmich, Dean, Gilson, John, Johnson, Gregory C., Martini, Kim I., Murphy, David J., Scanderbeg, Megan, Udaya Bhaskar, T. V. S., Buck, Justin J. H., Merceur, Frederic, Carval, Thierry, Maze, Guillaume, Cabanes, Cécile, André, Xavier, Poffa, Noé, Yashayaev, Igor, Barker, Paul M., Guinehut, Stéphanie, Belbeoch, Mathieu, Ignaszewski, Mark, Baringer, Molly O., Schmid, Claudia, Lyman, John, McTaggart, Kristene E., Purkey, Sarah G., Zilberman, Nathalie, Alkire, Matthew, Swift, Dana, Owens, W. Brechner, Jayne, Steven R., Hersh, Cora, Robbins, Pelle E., West-Mack, Deb, Bahr, Frank B., Yoshida, Sachiko, Sutton, Philip J. H., Cancouët, Romain, Coatanoan, Christine, Dobbler, Delphine, Garcia Juan, Andrea, Gourrion, Jérôme, Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas, Bernard, Vincent, Bourlès, Bernard, Claustre, Hervé, d’Ortenzio, Fabrizio, Le Reste, Serge, Le Traon, Pierre-Yves, Rannou, Jean-Philippe, Saout-Grit, Carole, Speich, Sabrina, Thierry, Virginie, Verbrugge, Nathalie, Angel-Benavides, Ingrid M., Klein, Birgit, Notarstefano, Giulio, Poulain, Pierre Marie, Vélez-Belchí, Pedro, Suga, Toshio, Ando, Kentaro, Iwasaska, Naoto, Kobayashi, Taiyo, Masuda, Shuhei, Oka, Eitarou, Sato, Kanako, Nakamura, Tomoaki, Sato, Katsunari, Takatsuki, Yasushi, Yoshida, Takashi, Cowley, Rebecca, Lovell, Jenny L., Oke, Peter, van Wijk, Esmee, Carse, Fiona, Donnelly, Matthew, Gould, W. John, Gowers, Katie, King, Brian A., Loch, Stephen G., Mowat, Mary, Turton, Jon, Pattabhi Rama Rao, Eluri, Ravichandran, M., Freeland, Howard, Gaboury, Isabelle, Gilbert, Denis, Greenan, Blair J. W., Ouellet, Mathieu, Ross, Tetjana, Tran, Anh, Dong, Mingmei, Liu, Zenghong, Xu, Jianping, Kang, KiRyong, Jo, HyeongJun, Kim, Sung-Dae, and Park, Hyuk-Min

Abstract

© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Wong, A. P. S., Wijffels, S. E., Riser, S. C., Pouliquen, S., Hosoda, S., Roemmich, D., Gilson, J., Johnson, G. C., Martini, K., Murphy, D. J., Scanderbeg, M., Bhaskar, T. V. S. U., Buck, J. J. H., Merceur, F., Carval, T., Maze, G., Cabanes, C., Andre, X., Poffa, N., Yashayaev, I., Barker, P. M., Guinehut, S., Belbeoch, M., Ignaszewski, M., Baringer, M. O., Schmid, C., Lyman, J. M., McTaggart, K. E., Purkey, S. G., Zilberman, N., Alkire, M. B., Swift, D., Owens, W. B., Jayne, S. R., Hersh, C., Robbins, P., West-Mack, D., Bahr, F., Yoshida, S., Sutton, P. J. H., Cancouet, R., Coatanoan, C., Dobbler, D., Juan, A. G., Gourrion, J., Kolodziejczyk, N., Bernard, V., Bourles, B., Claustre, H., D'Ortenzio, F., Le Reste, S., Le Traon, P., Rannou, J., Saout-Grit, C., Speich, S., Thierry, V., Verbrugge, N., Angel-Benavides, I. M., Klein, B., Notarstefano, G., Poulain, P., Velez-Belchi, P., Suga, T., Ando, K., Iwasaska, N., Kobayashi, T., Masuda, S., Oka, E., Sato, K., Nakamura, T., Sato, K., Takatsuki, Y., Yoshida, T., Cowley, R., Lovell, J. L., Oke, P. R., van Wijk, E. M., Carse, F., Donnelly, M., Gould, W. J., Gowers, K., King, B. A., Loch, S. G., Mowat, M., Turton, J., Rama Rao, E. P., Ravichandran, M., Freeland, H. J., Gaboury, I., Gilbert, D., Greenan, B. J. W., Ouellet, M., Ross, T., Tran, A., Dong, M., Liu, Z., Xu, J., Kang, K., Jo, H., Kim, S., & Park, H. Argo data 1999-2019: two million temperature-salinity profiles and subsurface velocity observations from a global array of profiling floats. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7, (2020): 700, doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.00700., In the past two decades, the Argo Program has collected, processed, and distributed over two million vertical profiles of temperature and salinity from the upper two kilometers of the global ocean. A similar number of subsurface velocity observations near 1,000 dbar have also been collected. This paper recounts the history of the global Argo Program, from its aspiration arising out of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment, to the development and implementation of its instrumentation and telecommunication systems, and the various technical problems encountered. We describe the Argo data system and its quality control procedures, and the gradual changes in the vertical resolution and spatial coverage of Argo data from 1999 to 2019. The accuracies of the float data have been assessed by comparison with high-quality shipboard measurements, and are concluded to be 0.002°C for temperature, 2.4 dbar for pressure, and 0.01 PSS-78 for salinity, after delayed-mode adjustments. Finally, the challenges faced by the vision of an expanding Argo Program beyond 2020 are discussed., AW, SR, and other scientists at the University of Washington (UW) were supported by the US Argo Program through the NOAA Grant NA15OAR4320063 to the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) at the UW. SW and other scientists at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) were supported by the US Argo Program through the NOAA Grant NA19OAR4320074 (CINAR/WHOI Argo). The Scripps Institution of Oceanography's role in Argo was supported by the US Argo Program through the NOAA Grant NA15OAR4320071 (CIMEC). Euro-Argo scientists were supported by the Monitoring the Oceans and Climate Change with Argo (MOCCA) project, under the Grant Agreement EASME/EMFF/2015/1.2.1.1/SI2.709624 for the European Commission.

Published
2020

23. Argo data 1999-2019: two million temperature-salinity profiles and subsurface velocity observations from a global array of profiling floats.

Author

Wong, Annie P. S., Wijffels, Susan E., Riser, Stephen C., Pouliquen, Sylvie, Hosoda, Shigeki, Roemmich, Dean, Gilson, John, Johnson, Gregory C., Martini, Kim I., Murphy, David J., Scanderbeg, Megan, Udaya Bhaskar, T. V. S., Buck, Justin J. H., Merceur, Frederic, Carval, Thierry, Maze, Guillaume, Cabanes, Cécile, André, Xavier, Poffa, Noé, Yashayaev, Igor, Barker, Paul M., Guinehut, Stéphanie, Belbeoch, Mathieu, Ignaszewski, Mark, Baringer, Molly O., Schmid, Claudia, Lyman, John, McTaggart, Kristene E., Purkey, Sarah G., Zilberman, Nathalie, Alkire, Matthew, Swift, Dana, Owens, W. Brechner, Jayne, Steven R., Hersh, Cora, Robbins, Pelle E., West-Mack, Deb, Bahr, Frank B., Yoshida, Sachiko, Sutton, Philip J. H., Cancouët, Romain, Coatanoan, Christine, Dobbler, Delphine, Garcia Juan, Andrea, Gourrion, Jérôme, Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas, Bernard, Vincent, Bourlès, Bernard, Claustre, Hervé, d’Ortenzio, Fabrizio, Le Reste, Serge, Le Traon, Pierre-Yves, Rannou, Jean-Philippe, Saout-Grit, Carole, Speich, Sabrina, Thierry, Virginie, Verbrugge, Nathalie, Angel-Benavides, Ingrid M., Klein, Birgit, Notarstefano, Giulio, Poulain, Pierre Marie, Vélez-Belchí, Pedro, Suga, Toshio, Ando, Kentaro, Iwasaska, Naoto, Kobayashi, Taiyo, Masuda, Shuhei, Oka, Eitarou, Sato, Kanako, Nakamura, Tomoaki, Sato, Katsunari, Takatsuki, Yasushi, Yoshida, Takashi, Cowley, Rebecca, Lovell, Jenny L., Oke, Peter, van Wijk, Esmee, Carse, Fiona, Donnelly, Matthew, Gould, W. John, Gowers, Katie, King, Brian A., Loch, Stephen G., Mowat, Mary, Turton, Jon, Pattabhi Rama Rao, Eluri, Ravichandran, M., Freeland, Howard, Gaboury, Isabelle, Gilbert, Denis, Greenan, Blair J. W., Ouellet, Mathieu, Ross, Tetjana, Tran, Anh, Dong, Mingmei, Liu, Zenghong, Xu, Jianping, Kang, KiRyong, Jo, HyeongJun, Kim, Sung-Dae, Park, Hyuk-Min, Wong, Annie P. S., Wijffels, Susan E., Riser, Stephen C., Pouliquen, Sylvie, Hosoda, Shigeki, Roemmich, Dean, Gilson, John, Johnson, Gregory C., Martini, Kim I., Murphy, David J., Scanderbeg, Megan, Udaya Bhaskar, T. V. S., Buck, Justin J. H., Merceur, Frederic, Carval, Thierry, Maze, Guillaume, Cabanes, Cécile, André, Xavier, Poffa, Noé, Yashayaev, Igor, Barker, Paul M., Guinehut, Stéphanie, Belbeoch, Mathieu, Ignaszewski, Mark, Baringer, Molly O., Schmid, Claudia, Lyman, John, McTaggart, Kristene E., Purkey, Sarah G., Zilberman, Nathalie, Alkire, Matthew, Swift, Dana, Owens, W. Brechner, Jayne, Steven R., Hersh, Cora, Robbins, Pelle E., West-Mack, Deb, Bahr, Frank B., Yoshida, Sachiko, Sutton, Philip J. H., Cancouët, Romain, Coatanoan, Christine, Dobbler, Delphine, Garcia Juan, Andrea, Gourrion, Jérôme, Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas, Bernard, Vincent, Bourlès, Bernard, Claustre, Hervé, d’Ortenzio, Fabrizio, Le Reste, Serge, Le Traon, Pierre-Yves, Rannou, Jean-Philippe, Saout-Grit, Carole, Speich, Sabrina, Thierry, Virginie, Verbrugge, Nathalie, Angel-Benavides, Ingrid M., Klein, Birgit, Notarstefano, Giulio, Poulain, Pierre Marie, Vélez-Belchí, Pedro, Suga, Toshio, Ando, Kentaro, Iwasaska, Naoto, Kobayashi, Taiyo, Masuda, Shuhei, Oka, Eitarou, Sato, Kanako, Nakamura, Tomoaki, Sato, Katsunari, Takatsuki, Yasushi, Yoshida, Takashi, Cowley, Rebecca, Lovell, Jenny L., Oke, Peter, van Wijk, Esmee, Carse, Fiona, Donnelly, Matthew, Gould, W. John, Gowers, Katie, King, Brian A., Loch, Stephen G., Mowat, Mary, Turton, Jon, Pattabhi Rama Rao, Eluri, Ravichandran, M., Freeland, Howard, Gaboury, Isabelle, Gilbert, Denis, Greenan, Blair J. W., Ouellet, Mathieu, Ross, Tetjana, Tran, Anh, Dong, Mingmei, Liu, Zenghong, Xu, Jianping, Kang, KiRyong, Jo, HyeongJun, Kim, Sung-Dae, and Park, Hyuk-Min

Abstract

© The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Wong, A. P. S., Wijffels, S. E., Riser, S. C., Pouliquen, S., Hosoda, S., Roemmich, D., Gilson, J., Johnson, G. C., Martini, K., Murphy, D. J., Scanderbeg, M., Bhaskar, T. V. S. U., Buck, J. J. H., Merceur, F., Carval, T., Maze, G., Cabanes, C., Andre, X., Poffa, N., Yashayaev, I., Barker, P. M., Guinehut, S., Belbeoch, M., Ignaszewski, M., Baringer, M. O., Schmid, C., Lyman, J. M., McTaggart, K. E., Purkey, S. G., Zilberman, N., Alkire, M. B., Swift, D., Owens, W. B., Jayne, S. R., Hersh, C., Robbins, P., West-Mack, D., Bahr, F., Yoshida, S., Sutton, P. J. H., Cancouet, R., Coatanoan, C., Dobbler, D., Juan, A. G., Gourrion, J., Kolodziejczyk, N., Bernard, V., Bourles, B., Claustre, H., D'Ortenzio, F., Le Reste, S., Le Traon, P., Rannou, J., Saout-Grit, C., Speich, S., Thierry, V., Verbrugge, N., Angel-Benavides, I. M., Klein, B., Notarstefano, G., Poulain, P., Velez-Belchi, P., Suga, T., Ando, K., Iwasaska, N., Kobayashi, T., Masuda, S., Oka, E., Sato, K., Nakamura, T., Sato, K., Takatsuki, Y., Yoshida, T., Cowley, R., Lovell, J. L., Oke, P. R., van Wijk, E. M., Carse, F., Donnelly, M., Gould, W. J., Gowers, K., King, B. A., Loch, S. G., Mowat, M., Turton, J., Rama Rao, E. P., Ravichandran, M., Freeland, H. J., Gaboury, I., Gilbert, D., Greenan, B. J. W., Ouellet, M., Ross, T., Tran, A., Dong, M., Liu, Z., Xu, J., Kang, K., Jo, H., Kim, S., & Park, H. Argo data 1999-2019: two million temperature-salinity profiles and subsurface velocity observations from a global array of profiling floats. Frontiers in Marine Science, 7, (2020): 700, doi:10.3389/fmars.2020.00700., In the past two decades, the Argo Program has collected, processed, and distributed over two million vertical profiles of temperature and salinity from the upper two kilometers of the global ocean. A similar number of subsurface velocity observations near 1,000 dbar have also been collected. This paper recounts the history of the global Argo Program, from its aspiration arising out of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment, to the development and implementation of its instrumentation and telecommunication systems, and the various technical problems encountered. We describe the Argo data system and its quality control procedures, and the gradual changes in the vertical resolution and spatial coverage of Argo data from 1999 to 2019. The accuracies of the float data have been assessed by comparison with high-quality shipboard measurements, and are concluded to be 0.002°C for temperature, 2.4 dbar for pressure, and 0.01 PSS-78 for salinity, after delayed-mode adjustments. Finally, the challenges faced by the vision of an expanding Argo Program beyond 2020 are discussed., AW, SR, and other scientists at the University of Washington (UW) were supported by the US Argo Program through the NOAA Grant NA15OAR4320063 to the Joint Institute for the Study of the Atmosphere and Ocean (JISAO) at the UW. SW and other scientists at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) were supported by the US Argo Program through the NOAA Grant NA19OAR4320074 (CINAR/WHOI Argo). The Scripps Institution of Oceanography's role in Argo was supported by the US Argo Program through the NOAA Grant NA15OAR4320071 (CIMEC). Euro-Argo scientists were supported by the Monitoring the Oceans and Climate Change with Argo (MOCCA) project, under the Grant Agreement EASME/EMFF/2015/1.2.1.1/SI2.709624 for the European Commission.

Published
2020

24. 'Jump start' childcare-based intervention to promote physical activity in pre-schoolers: Six-month findings from a cluster randomised trial

Author

Okely, Anthony D., Stanley, Rebecca M., Jones, Rachel A., Cliff, Dylan P., Trost, Stewart G., Berthelsen, Donna, Salmon, Jo, Batterham, Marijka, Eckermann, Simon, Reilly, John J., Brown, Ngiare, Mickle, Karen J., Howard, Steven J., Hinkley, Trina, Janssen, Xanne, Chandler, Paul, Cross, Penny, Gowers, Fay, Okely, Anthony D., Stanley, Rebecca M., Jones, Rachel A., Cliff, Dylan P., Trost, Stewart G., Berthelsen, Donna, Salmon, Jo, Batterham, Marijka, Eckermann, Simon, Reilly, John J., Brown, Ngiare, Mickle, Karen J., Howard, Steven J., Hinkley, Trina, Janssen, Xanne, Chandler, Paul, Cross, Penny, and Gowers, Fay

Published
2020

25. Argo data 1999–2019: Two million temperature-salinity profiles and subsurface velocity observations from a global array of profiling floats

Author

Wong, Annie P. S., Wijffels, Susan E., Riser, Stephen C., Pouliquen, Sylvie, Hosoda, Shigeki, Roemmich, Dean, Gilson, John, Johnson, Gregory C., Martini, Kim, Murphy, David J., Scanderbeg, Megan, Bhaskar, T. V. S. Udaya, Buck, Justin, Merceur, Frederic, Carval, Thierry, Maze, Guillaume, Cabanes, Cécile, André, Xavier, Poffa, Noé, Yashayaev, Igor, Barker, Paul M., Guinehut, Stéphanie, Belbéoch, Mathieu, Ignaszewski, Mark, Baringer, Molly O'Neil, Schmid, Claudia, Lyman, John M., McTaggart, Kristene E., Purkey, Sarah G., Zilberman, Nathalie, Alkire, Matthew B., Swift, Dana, Owens, W. Brechner, Jayne, Steven R., Hersh, Cora, Robbins, Pelle, West-Mack, Deb, Bahr, Frank, Yoshida, Sachiko, Sutton, Philip J. H., Cancouët, Romain, Coatanoan, Christine, Dobbler, Delphine, Juan, Andrea Garcia, Gourrion, Jerôme, Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas, Bernard, Vincent, Bourlès, Bernard, Claustre, Hervé, D'Ortenzio, Fabrizio, Le Reste, Serge, Le Traon, Pierre-Yve, Rannou, Jean-Philippe, Saout-Grit, Carole, Speich, Sabrina, Thierry, Virginie, Verbrugge, Nathalie, Angel-Benavides, Ingrid M., Klein, Birgit, Notarstefano, Giulio, Poulain, Pierre-Marie, Vélez-Belchí, Pedro, Suga, Toshio, Ando, Kentaro, Iwasaska, Naoto, Kobayashi, Taiyo, Masuda, Shuhei, Oka, Eitarou, Sato, Kanako, Nakamura, Tomoaki, Sato, Katsunari, Takatsuki, Yasushi, Yoshida, Takashi, Cowley, Rebecca, Lovell, Jenny L., Oke, Peter R., van Wijk, Esmee M., Carse, Fiona, Donnelly, Matthew, Gould, W. John, Gowers, Katie, King, Brian A., Loch, Stephen G., Mowat, Mary, Turton, Jon, Rama Rao, E. Pattabhi, Ravichandran, M., Freeland, Howard J., Gaboury, Isabelle, Gilbert, Denis, Greenan, Blair J. W., Ouellet, Mathieu, Ross, Tetjana, Tran, Anh, Dong, Mingmei, Liu, Zenghong, Xu, Jianping, Kang, KiRyong, Jo, HyeongJun, Kim, Sung-Dae, Park, Hyuk-Min, Wong, Annie P. S., Wijffels, Susan E., Riser, Stephen C., Pouliquen, Sylvie, Hosoda, Shigeki, Roemmich, Dean, Gilson, John, Johnson, Gregory C., Martini, Kim, Murphy, David J., Scanderbeg, Megan, Bhaskar, T. V. S. Udaya, Buck, Justin, Merceur, Frederic, Carval, Thierry, Maze, Guillaume, Cabanes, Cécile, André, Xavier, Poffa, Noé, Yashayaev, Igor, Barker, Paul M., Guinehut, Stéphanie, Belbéoch, Mathieu, Ignaszewski, Mark, Baringer, Molly O'Neil, Schmid, Claudia, Lyman, John M., McTaggart, Kristene E., Purkey, Sarah G., Zilberman, Nathalie, Alkire, Matthew B., Swift, Dana, Owens, W. Brechner, Jayne, Steven R., Hersh, Cora, Robbins, Pelle, West-Mack, Deb, Bahr, Frank, Yoshida, Sachiko, Sutton, Philip J. H., Cancouët, Romain, Coatanoan, Christine, Dobbler, Delphine, Juan, Andrea Garcia, Gourrion, Jerôme, Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas, Bernard, Vincent, Bourlès, Bernard, Claustre, Hervé, D'Ortenzio, Fabrizio, Le Reste, Serge, Le Traon, Pierre-Yve, Rannou, Jean-Philippe, Saout-Grit, Carole, Speich, Sabrina, Thierry, Virginie, Verbrugge, Nathalie, Angel-Benavides, Ingrid M., Klein, Birgit, Notarstefano, Giulio, Poulain, Pierre-Marie, Vélez-Belchí, Pedro, Suga, Toshio, Ando, Kentaro, Iwasaska, Naoto, Kobayashi, Taiyo, Masuda, Shuhei, Oka, Eitarou, Sato, Kanako, Nakamura, Tomoaki, Sato, Katsunari, Takatsuki, Yasushi, Yoshida, Takashi, Cowley, Rebecca, Lovell, Jenny L., Oke, Peter R., van Wijk, Esmee M., Carse, Fiona, Donnelly, Matthew, Gould, W. John, Gowers, Katie, King, Brian A., Loch, Stephen G., Mowat, Mary, Turton, Jon, Rama Rao, E. Pattabhi, Ravichandran, M., Freeland, Howard J., Gaboury, Isabelle, Gilbert, Denis, Greenan, Blair J. W., Ouellet, Mathieu, Ross, Tetjana, Tran, Anh, Dong, Mingmei, Liu, Zenghong, Xu, Jianping, Kang, KiRyong, Jo, HyeongJun, Kim, Sung-Dae, and Park, Hyuk-Min

Abstract

In the past two decades, the Argo Program has collected, processed, and distributed over two million vertical profiles of temperature and salinity from the upper two kilometers of the global ocean. A similar number of subsurface velocity observations near 1,000 dbar have also been collected. This paper recounts the history of the global Argo Program, from its aspiration arising out of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment, to the development and implementation of its instrumentation and telecommunication systems, and the various technical problems encountered. We describe the Argo data system and its quality control procedures, and the gradual changes in the vertical resolution and spatial coverage of Argo data from 1999 to 2019. The accuracies of the float data have been assessed by comparison with high-quality shipboard measurements, and are concluded to be 0.002°C for temperature, 2.4 dbar for pressure, and 0.01 PSS-78 for salinity, after delayed-mode adjustments. Finally, the challenges faced by the vision of an expanding Argo Program beyond 2020 are discussed.

Published
2020

26. Argo Data 1999–2019: Two Million Temperature-Salinity Profiles and Subsurface Velocity Observations From a Global Array of Profiling Floats

Author

Wong, Annie P. S., Wijffels, Susan E., Riser, Stephen C., Pouliquen, Sylvie, Hosoda, Shigeki, Roemmich, Dean, Gilson, John, Johnson, Gregory C., Martini, Kim, Murphy, David J., Scanderbeg, Megan, Bhaskar, T. V. S. Udaya, Buck, Justin J. H., Merceur, Frederic, Carval, Thierry, Maze, Guillaume, Cabanes, Cécile, André, Xavier, Poffa, Noe, Yashayaev, Igor, Barker, Paul M., Guinehut, Stéphanie, Belbéoch, Mathieu, Ignaszewski, Mark, Baringer, Molly O'Neil, Schmid, Claudia, Lyman, John M., Mctaggart, Kristene E., Purkey, Sarah G., Zilberman, Nathalie, Alkire, Matthew B., Swift, Dana, Owens, W. Brechner, Jayne, Steven R., Hersh, Cora, Robbins, Pelle, West-mack, Deb, Bahr, Frank, Yoshida, Sachiko, Sutton, Philip J. H., Cancouët, Romain, Coatanoan, Christine, Dobbler, Delphine, Juan, Andrea Garcia, Gourrion, Jerome, Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas, Bernard, Vincent, Bourlès, Bernard, Claustre, Hervé, D'Ortenzio, Fabrizio, Le Reste, Serge, Le Traon, Pierre-yves, Rannou, Jean Philippe, Saout-grit, Carole, Speich, Sabrina, Thierry, Virginie, Verbrugge, Nathalie, Angel-benavides, Ingrid M., Klein, Birgit, Notarstefano, Giulio, Poulain, Pierre-marie, Vélez-belchí, Pedro, Suga, Toshio, Ando, Kentaro, Iwasaska, Naoto, Kobayashi, Taiyo, Masuda, Shuhei, Oka, Eitarou, Sato, Kanako, Nakamura, Tomoaki, Sato, Katsunari, Takatsuki, Yasushi, Yoshida, Takashi, Cowley, Rebecca, Lovell, Jenny L., Oke, Peter R., Van Wijk, Esmee M., Carse, Fiona, Donnelly, Matthew, Gould, W. John, Gowers, Katie, King, Brian A., Loch, Stephen G., Mowat, Mary, Turton, Jon, Rama Rao, E. Pattabhi, Ravichandran, M., Freeland, Howard J., Gaboury, Isabelle, Gilbert, Denis, Greenan, Blair J. W., Ouellet, Mathieu, Ross, Tetjana, Tran, Anh, Dong, Mingmei, Liu, Zenghong, Xu, Jianping, Kang, Kiryong, Jo, Hyeongjun, Kim, Sung-dae, Park, Hyuk-min, Wong, Annie P. S., Wijffels, Susan E., Riser, Stephen C., Pouliquen, Sylvie, Hosoda, Shigeki, Roemmich, Dean, Gilson, John, Johnson, Gregory C., Martini, Kim, Murphy, David J., Scanderbeg, Megan, Bhaskar, T. V. S. Udaya, Buck, Justin J. H., Merceur, Frederic, Carval, Thierry, Maze, Guillaume, Cabanes, Cécile, André, Xavier, Poffa, Noe, Yashayaev, Igor, Barker, Paul M., Guinehut, Stéphanie, Belbéoch, Mathieu, Ignaszewski, Mark, Baringer, Molly O'Neil, Schmid, Claudia, Lyman, John M., Mctaggart, Kristene E., Purkey, Sarah G., Zilberman, Nathalie, Alkire, Matthew B., Swift, Dana, Owens, W. Brechner, Jayne, Steven R., Hersh, Cora, Robbins, Pelle, West-mack, Deb, Bahr, Frank, Yoshida, Sachiko, Sutton, Philip J. H., Cancouët, Romain, Coatanoan, Christine, Dobbler, Delphine, Juan, Andrea Garcia, Gourrion, Jerome, Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas, Bernard, Vincent, Bourlès, Bernard, Claustre, Hervé, D'Ortenzio, Fabrizio, Le Reste, Serge, Le Traon, Pierre-yves, Rannou, Jean Philippe, Saout-grit, Carole, Speich, Sabrina, Thierry, Virginie, Verbrugge, Nathalie, Angel-benavides, Ingrid M., Klein, Birgit, Notarstefano, Giulio, Poulain, Pierre-marie, Vélez-belchí, Pedro, Suga, Toshio, Ando, Kentaro, Iwasaska, Naoto, Kobayashi, Taiyo, Masuda, Shuhei, Oka, Eitarou, Sato, Kanako, Nakamura, Tomoaki, Sato, Katsunari, Takatsuki, Yasushi, Yoshida, Takashi, Cowley, Rebecca, Lovell, Jenny L., Oke, Peter R., Van Wijk, Esmee M., Carse, Fiona, Donnelly, Matthew, Gould, W. John, Gowers, Katie, King, Brian A., Loch, Stephen G., Mowat, Mary, Turton, Jon, Rama Rao, E. Pattabhi, Ravichandran, M., Freeland, Howard J., Gaboury, Isabelle, Gilbert, Denis, Greenan, Blair J. W., Ouellet, Mathieu, Ross, Tetjana, Tran, Anh, Dong, Mingmei, Liu, Zenghong, Xu, Jianping, Kang, Kiryong, Jo, Hyeongjun, Kim, Sung-dae, and Park, Hyuk-min

Abstract

In the past two decades, the Argo Program has collected, processed, and distributed over two million vertical profiles of temperature and salinity from the upper two kilometers of the global ocean. A similar number of subsurface velocity observations near 1,000 dbar have also been collected. This paper recounts the history of the global Argo Program, from its aspiration arising out of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment, to the development and implementation of its instrumentation and telecommunication systems, and the various technical problems encountered. We describe the Argo data system and its quality control procedures, and the gradual changes in the vertical resolution and spatial coverage of Argo data from 1999 to 2019. The accuracies of the float data have been assessed by comparison with high-quality shipboard measurements, and are concluded to be 0.002°C for temperature, 2.4 dbar for pressure, and 0.01 PSS-78 for salinity, after delayed-mode adjustments. Finally, the challenges faced by the vision of an expanding Argo Program beyond 2020 are discussed.

Published
2020
Full Text
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27. Argo Data 1999–2019: Two Million Temperature-Salinity Profiles and Subsurface Velocity Observations From a Global Array of Profiling Floats

Author

Wong, Annie P. S., Wijffels, Susan E., Riser, Stephen C., Pouliquen, Sylvie, Hosoda, Shigeki, Roemmich, Dean, Gilson, John, Johnson, Gregory C., Martini, Kim, Murphy, David J., Scanderbeg, Megan, Bhaskar, T. V. S. Udaya, Buck, Justin J. H., Merceur, Frederic, Carval, Thierry, Maze, Guillaume, Cabanes, Cécile, André, Xavier, Poffa, Noe, Yashayaev, Igor, Barker, Paul M., Guinehut, Stéphanie, Belbéoch, Mathieu, Ignaszewski, Mark, Baringer, Molly O'Neil, Schmid, Claudia, Lyman, John M., Mctaggart, Kristene E., Purkey, Sarah G., Zilberman, Nathalie, Alkire, Matthew B., Swift, Dana, Owens, W. Brechner, Jayne, Steven R., Hersh, Cora, Robbins, Pelle, West-mack, Deb, Bahr, Frank, Yoshida, Sachiko, Sutton, Philip J. H., Cancouët, Romain, Coatanoan, Christine, Dobbler, Delphine, Juan, Andrea Garcia, Gourrion, Jerome, Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas, Bernard, Vincent, Bourlès, Bernard, Claustre, Hervé, D'Ortenzio, Fabrizio, Le Reste, Serge, Le Traon, Pierre-yves, Rannou, Jean Philippe, Saout-grit, Carole, Speich, Sabrina, Thierry, Virginie, Verbrugge, Nathalie, Angel-benavides, Ingrid M., Klein, Birgit, Notarstefano, Giulio, Poulain, Pierre-marie, Vélez-belchí, Pedro, Suga, Toshio, Ando, Kentaro, Iwasaska, Naoto, Kobayashi, Taiyo, Masuda, Shuhei, Oka, Eitarou, Sato, Kanako, Nakamura, Tomoaki, Sato, Katsunari, Takatsuki, Yasushi, Yoshida, Takashi, Cowley, Rebecca, Lovell, Jenny L., Oke, Peter R., Van Wijk, Esmee M., Carse, Fiona, Donnelly, Matthew, Gould, W. John, Gowers, Katie, King, Brian A., Loch, Stephen G., Mowat, Mary, Turton, Jon, Rama Rao, E. Pattabhi, Ravichandran, M., Freeland, Howard J., Gaboury, Isabelle, Gilbert, Denis, Greenan, Blair J. W., Ouellet, Mathieu, Ross, Tetjana, Tran, Anh, Dong, Mingmei, Liu, Zenghong, Xu, Jianping, Kang, Kiryong, Jo, Hyeongjun, Kim, Sung-dae, Park, Hyuk-min, Wong, Annie P. S., Wijffels, Susan E., Riser, Stephen C., Pouliquen, Sylvie, Hosoda, Shigeki, Roemmich, Dean, Gilson, John, Johnson, Gregory C., Martini, Kim, Murphy, David J., Scanderbeg, Megan, Bhaskar, T. V. S. Udaya, Buck, Justin J. H., Merceur, Frederic, Carval, Thierry, Maze, Guillaume, Cabanes, Cécile, André, Xavier, Poffa, Noe, Yashayaev, Igor, Barker, Paul M., Guinehut, Stéphanie, Belbéoch, Mathieu, Ignaszewski, Mark, Baringer, Molly O'Neil, Schmid, Claudia, Lyman, John M., Mctaggart, Kristene E., Purkey, Sarah G., Zilberman, Nathalie, Alkire, Matthew B., Swift, Dana, Owens, W. Brechner, Jayne, Steven R., Hersh, Cora, Robbins, Pelle, West-mack, Deb, Bahr, Frank, Yoshida, Sachiko, Sutton, Philip J. H., Cancouët, Romain, Coatanoan, Christine, Dobbler, Delphine, Juan, Andrea Garcia, Gourrion, Jerome, Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas, Bernard, Vincent, Bourlès, Bernard, Claustre, Hervé, D'Ortenzio, Fabrizio, Le Reste, Serge, Le Traon, Pierre-yves, Rannou, Jean Philippe, Saout-grit, Carole, Speich, Sabrina, Thierry, Virginie, Verbrugge, Nathalie, Angel-benavides, Ingrid M., Klein, Birgit, Notarstefano, Giulio, Poulain, Pierre-marie, Vélez-belchí, Pedro, Suga, Toshio, Ando, Kentaro, Iwasaska, Naoto, Kobayashi, Taiyo, Masuda, Shuhei, Oka, Eitarou, Sato, Kanako, Nakamura, Tomoaki, Sato, Katsunari, Takatsuki, Yasushi, Yoshida, Takashi, Cowley, Rebecca, Lovell, Jenny L., Oke, Peter R., Van Wijk, Esmee M., Carse, Fiona, Donnelly, Matthew, Gould, W. John, Gowers, Katie, King, Brian A., Loch, Stephen G., Mowat, Mary, Turton, Jon, Rama Rao, E. Pattabhi, Ravichandran, M., Freeland, Howard J., Gaboury, Isabelle, Gilbert, Denis, Greenan, Blair J. W., Ouellet, Mathieu, Ross, Tetjana, Tran, Anh, Dong, Mingmei, Liu, Zenghong, Xu, Jianping, Kang, Kiryong, Jo, Hyeongjun, Kim, Sung-dae, and Park, Hyuk-min

Abstract

In the past two decades, the Argo Program has collected, processed, and distributed over two million vertical profiles of temperature and salinity from the upper two kilometers of the global ocean. A similar number of subsurface velocity observations near 1,000 dbar have also been collected. This paper recounts the history of the global Argo Program, from its aspiration arising out of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment, to the development and implementation of its instrumentation and telecommunication systems, and the various technical problems encountered. We describe the Argo data system and its quality control procedures, and the gradual changes in the vertical resolution and spatial coverage of Argo data from 1999 to 2019. The accuracies of the float data have been assessed by comparison with high-quality shipboard measurements, and are concluded to be 0.002°C for temperature, 2.4 dbar for pressure, and 0.01 PSS-78 for salinity, after delayed-mode adjustments. Finally, the challenges faced by the vision of an expanding Argo Program beyond 2020 are discussed.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

28. Argo data 1999–2019: Two million temperature-salinity profiles and subsurface velocity observations from a global array of profiling floats

Author

Wong, Annie P. S., Wijffels, Susan E., Riser, Stephen C., Pouliquen, Sylvie, Hosoda, Shigeki, Roemmich, Dean, Gilson, John, Johnson, Gregory C., Martini, Kim, Murphy, David J., Scanderbeg, Megan, Bhaskar, T. V. S. Udaya, Buck, Justin, Merceur, Frederic, Carval, Thierry, Maze, Guillaume, Cabanes, Cécile, André, Xavier, Poffa, Noé, Yashayaev, Igor, Barker, Paul M., Guinehut, Stéphanie, Belbéoch, Mathieu, Ignaszewski, Mark, Baringer, Molly O'Neil, Schmid, Claudia, Lyman, John M., McTaggart, Kristene E., Purkey, Sarah G., Zilberman, Nathalie, Alkire, Matthew B., Swift, Dana, Owens, W. Brechner, Jayne, Steven R., Hersh, Cora, Robbins, Pelle, West-Mack, Deb, Bahr, Frank, Yoshida, Sachiko, Sutton, Philip J. H., Cancouët, Romain, Coatanoan, Christine, Dobbler, Delphine, Juan, Andrea Garcia, Gourrion, Jerôme, Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas, Bernard, Vincent, Bourlès, Bernard, Claustre, Hervé, D'Ortenzio, Fabrizio, Le Reste, Serge, Le Traon, Pierre-Yve, Rannou, Jean-Philippe, Saout-Grit, Carole, Speich, Sabrina, Thierry, Virginie, Verbrugge, Nathalie, Angel-Benavides, Ingrid M., Klein, Birgit, Notarstefano, Giulio, Poulain, Pierre-Marie, Vélez-Belchí, Pedro, Suga, Toshio, Ando, Kentaro, Iwasaska, Naoto, Kobayashi, Taiyo, Masuda, Shuhei, Oka, Eitarou, Sato, Kanako, Nakamura, Tomoaki, Sato, Katsunari, Takatsuki, Yasushi, Yoshida, Takashi, Cowley, Rebecca, Lovell, Jenny L., Oke, Peter R., van Wijk, Esmee M., Carse, Fiona, Donnelly, Matthew, Gould, W. John, Gowers, Katie, King, Brian A., Loch, Stephen G., Mowat, Mary, Turton, Jon, Rama Rao, E. Pattabhi, Ravichandran, M., Freeland, Howard J., Gaboury, Isabelle, Gilbert, Denis, Greenan, Blair J. W., Ouellet, Mathieu, Ross, Tetjana, Tran, Anh, Dong, Mingmei, Liu, Zenghong, Xu, Jianping, Kang, KiRyong, Jo, HyeongJun, Kim, Sung-Dae, Park, Hyuk-Min, Wong, Annie P. S., Wijffels, Susan E., Riser, Stephen C., Pouliquen, Sylvie, Hosoda, Shigeki, Roemmich, Dean, Gilson, John, Johnson, Gregory C., Martini, Kim, Murphy, David J., Scanderbeg, Megan, Bhaskar, T. V. S. Udaya, Buck, Justin, Merceur, Frederic, Carval, Thierry, Maze, Guillaume, Cabanes, Cécile, André, Xavier, Poffa, Noé, Yashayaev, Igor, Barker, Paul M., Guinehut, Stéphanie, Belbéoch, Mathieu, Ignaszewski, Mark, Baringer, Molly O'Neil, Schmid, Claudia, Lyman, John M., McTaggart, Kristene E., Purkey, Sarah G., Zilberman, Nathalie, Alkire, Matthew B., Swift, Dana, Owens, W. Brechner, Jayne, Steven R., Hersh, Cora, Robbins, Pelle, West-Mack, Deb, Bahr, Frank, Yoshida, Sachiko, Sutton, Philip J. H., Cancouët, Romain, Coatanoan, Christine, Dobbler, Delphine, Juan, Andrea Garcia, Gourrion, Jerôme, Kolodziejczyk, Nicolas, Bernard, Vincent, Bourlès, Bernard, Claustre, Hervé, D'Ortenzio, Fabrizio, Le Reste, Serge, Le Traon, Pierre-Yve, Rannou, Jean-Philippe, Saout-Grit, Carole, Speich, Sabrina, Thierry, Virginie, Verbrugge, Nathalie, Angel-Benavides, Ingrid M., Klein, Birgit, Notarstefano, Giulio, Poulain, Pierre-Marie, Vélez-Belchí, Pedro, Suga, Toshio, Ando, Kentaro, Iwasaska, Naoto, Kobayashi, Taiyo, Masuda, Shuhei, Oka, Eitarou, Sato, Kanako, Nakamura, Tomoaki, Sato, Katsunari, Takatsuki, Yasushi, Yoshida, Takashi, Cowley, Rebecca, Lovell, Jenny L., Oke, Peter R., van Wijk, Esmee M., Carse, Fiona, Donnelly, Matthew, Gould, W. John, Gowers, Katie, King, Brian A., Loch, Stephen G., Mowat, Mary, Turton, Jon, Rama Rao, E. Pattabhi, Ravichandran, M., Freeland, Howard J., Gaboury, Isabelle, Gilbert, Denis, Greenan, Blair J. W., Ouellet, Mathieu, Ross, Tetjana, Tran, Anh, Dong, Mingmei, Liu, Zenghong, Xu, Jianping, Kang, KiRyong, Jo, HyeongJun, Kim, Sung-Dae, and Park, Hyuk-Min

Abstract

In the past two decades, the Argo Program has collected, processed, and distributed over two million vertical profiles of temperature and salinity from the upper two kilometers of the global ocean. A similar number of subsurface velocity observations near 1,000 dbar have also been collected. This paper recounts the history of the global Argo Program, from its aspiration arising out of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment, to the development and implementation of its instrumentation and telecommunication systems, and the various technical problems encountered. We describe the Argo data system and its quality control procedures, and the gradual changes in the vertical resolution and spatial coverage of Argo data from 1999 to 2019. The accuracies of the float data have been assessed by comparison with high-quality shipboard measurements, and are concluded to be 0.002°C for temperature, 2.4 dbar for pressure, and 0.01 PSS-78 for salinity, after delayed-mode adjustments. Finally, the challenges faced by the vision of an expanding Argo Program beyond 2020 are discussed.

Published
2020

29. Real-time neurochemical measurement of dynamic metabolic events during cardiac arrest and resuscitation in a porcine model

Author

Gowers, Sally A. N., Samper, Isabelle C., Murray, De-shaine R. K., Smith, Georgia K., Jeyaprakash, Sarah, Rogers, Michelle L., Karlsson, Michael, Olsen, Markus Harboe, Møller, Kirsten, Boutelle, Martyn G., Gowers, Sally A. N., Samper, Isabelle C., Murray, De-shaine R. K., Smith, Georgia K., Jeyaprakash, Sarah, Rogers, Michelle L., Karlsson, Michael, Olsen, Markus Harboe, Møller, Kirsten, and Boutelle, Martyn G.

Published
2020

30. Measuring movements in adolescents with psychosis using the Microsoft Kinect sensor: a pilot study exploring a new tool for assessing aspects of antipsychotic-induced parkinsonism

Author

Rudå, Ditte, Einarsson, Gudmundur, Matthiassen, Jannik Boll, Correll, Christoph U., Jensen, Karsten Gjessing, Klauber, Dea Gowers, Richard, Clara Josefine, Andersen, Anne Sofie Schott, Kroigaard, Sabrina, Mollegaard Jepsen, Jens Richardt, Fagerlund, Birgitte, Winge, Kristian, Clemmesen, Line K. H., Pagsberg, Anne Katrine, Paulsen, Rasmus R., Fink-Jensen, Anders, Rudå, Ditte, Einarsson, Gudmundur, Matthiassen, Jannik Boll, Correll, Christoph U., Jensen, Karsten Gjessing, Klauber, Dea Gowers, Richard, Clara Josefine, Andersen, Anne Sofie Schott, Kroigaard, Sabrina, Mollegaard Jepsen, Jens Richardt, Fagerlund, Birgitte, Winge, Kristian, Clemmesen, Line K. H., Pagsberg, Anne Katrine, Paulsen, Rasmus R., and Fink-Jensen, Anders

Published
2020

31. Real-time neurochemical measurement of dynamic metabolic events during cardiac arrest and resuscitation in a porcine model

Author

Gowers, Sally A. N., Samper, Isabelle C., Murray, De-shaine R. K., Smith, Georgia K., Jeyaprakash, Sarah, Rogers, Michelle L., Karlsson, Michael, Olsen, Markus Harboe, Møller, Kirsten, Boutelle, Martyn G., Gowers, Sally A. N., Samper, Isabelle C., Murray, De-shaine R. K., Smith, Georgia K., Jeyaprakash, Sarah, Rogers, Michelle L., Karlsson, Michael, Olsen, Markus Harboe, Møller, Kirsten, and Boutelle, Martyn G.

Published
2020

33. 'Jump start' childcare-based intervention to promote physical activity in pre-schoolers: six-month findings from a cluster randomised trial

Author

Okely, Anthony D, Stanley, Rebecca M, Jones, Rachel A, Cliff, Dylan P, Trost, Stewart, Berthelsen, Donna, Salmon, Jo, Batterham, Marijka, Eckermann, Simon, Reilly, John, Brown, Ngiare J, Mickle, Karen J, Howard, Steven J, Hinkley, Trina, Janssen, Xanne, Chandler, Paul A, Cross, Penny L, Gowers, Fay L, Okely, Anthony D, Stanley, Rebecca M, Jones, Rachel A, Cliff, Dylan P, Trost, Stewart, Berthelsen, Donna, Salmon, Jo, Batterham, Marijka, Eckermann, Simon, Reilly, John, Brown, Ngiare J, Mickle, Karen J, Howard, Steven J, Hinkley, Trina, Janssen, Xanne, Chandler, Paul A, Cross, Penny L, and Gowers, Fay L

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Participation in adequate levels of physical activity during the early years is important for health and development. We report the 6-month effects of an 18-month multicomponent intervention on physical activity in early childhood education and care (ECEC) settings in low-income communities. METHODS: A cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted in 43 ECEC settings in disadvantaged areas of New South Wales, Australia. Three-year-old children were recruited and assessed in the first half of 2015 with follow-up 6 months later. The intervention was guided by Social Cognitive Theory and included five components. The primary outcome was minutes per hour in total physical activity during ECEC hours measured using Actigraph accelerometers. Intention-to-treat analysis of the primary outcome was conducted using a generalized linear mixed model. RESULTS: A total of 658 children were assessed at baseline. Of these, 558 (85%) had valid accelerometer data (mean age 3.38y, 52% boys) and 508 (77%) had valid accelerometry data at 6-month follow-up. Implementation of the intervention components ranged from 38 to 72%. There were no significant intervention effects on mins/hr. spent in physical activity (adjusted difference = - 0.17 mins/hr., 95% CI (- 1.30 to 0.97), p = 0.78). A priori sub-group analyses showed a greater effect among overweight/obese children in the control group compared with the intervention group for mins/hr. of physical activity (2.35mins/hr., [0.28 to 4.43], p = 0.036). CONCLUSIONS: After six-months the Jump Start intervention had no effect on physical activity levels during ECEC. This was largely due to low levels of implementation. Increasing fidelity may result in higher levels of physical activity when outcomes are assessed at 18-months.

Published
2020

34. Sequoidal Categories and Transfinite Games: A Coalgebraic Approach to Stateful Objects in Game Semantics

Author

William John Gowers and James Laird, Gowers, William John, Laird, James, William John Gowers and James Laird, Gowers, William John, and Laird, James

Abstract

The non-commutative sequoid operator (/) on games was introduced to capture algebraically the presence of state in history-sensitive strategies in game semantics, by imposing a causality relation on the tensor product of games. Coalgebras for the functor A (/) _ - i.e., morphisms from S to A (/) S --- may be viewed as state transformers: if A (/) _ has a final coalgebra, !A, then the anamorphism of such a state transformer encapsulates its explicit state, so that it is shared only between successive invocations. We study the conditions under which a final coalgebra !A for A (/) _ is the carrier of a cofree commutative comonoid on A. That is, it is a model of the exponential of linear logic in which we can construct imperative objects such as reference cells coalgebraically, in a game semantics setting. We show that if the tensor decomposes into the sequoid, the final coalgebra !A may be endowed with the structure of the cofree commutative comonoid if there is a natural isomorphism from !(A × B)to !A (x) !B. This condition is always satisfied if !A is the bifree algebra for A (/) _, but in general it is necessary to impose it, as we establish by giving an example of a sequoidally decomposable category of games in which plays will be allowed to have transfinite length. In this category, the final coalgebra for the functor A (/)_ is not the cofree commutative comonoid over A: we illustrate this by explicitly contrasting the final sequence for the functor A (/) _ with the chain of symmetric tensor powers used in the construction of the cofree commutative comonoid as a limit by Melliès, Tabareau and Tasson.

Published
2017
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35. China and the 'responsibility to protect' (R2P)

Author

Biddulph, S, Rosenzweig, J, Garwood-Gowers, Andrew, Biddulph, S, Rosenzweig, J, and Garwood-Gowers, Andrew

Abstract

How the international community should respond to large - scale intra-state human rights violations continues to be highly contentious within international law and international relations. One attempt to address this issue , the responsibility to protect (R2P), has been described as the ‘most dramatic normative development of our time’ (Thakur and Weiss 2009, p. 22). Yet, more than a decade after R2P was unanimously endorsed by United Nations (UN) member states at the 2005 World Summit there remains significant contestation over both the content and implementation of the concept. States continue to hold diverging interpretations of R2P’s meaning and scope , while attempts to operationalise its more coercive elements have often been resisted, as illustrated most dramatically by the UN Security Council’s paralysis over Syria from 2011 onwards.

Published
2019

36. [Book Review] 'The Use of Force and International Law' by Christian Henderson

Author

Garwood-Gowers, Andrew and Garwood-Gowers, Andrew

Abstract

The law on the use of force, or the jus ad bellum, is one of the most fundamental and controversial areas of international law. Over the last decade, there has been a large increase in the volume of scholarship dealing with this body of law, reflected in the creation of new, specialist journals such as the Journal on the Use of Force and International Law (JUFIL). As co - editor in chief and one of the founders of JUFIL, Christian Henderson is well placed to explore the intricacies and uncertainties of the law on the use of force. His latest book, The Use of Force and International Law, is “targeted at students, academics and practitioners” and “aims to provide a contemporary introduction to international law governing the resort to force”. While Henderson notes that “space does not permit the depth of detail and discussion that the subject deserves”, he nevertheless manages to provide a clear and comprehensive overview of the law and the contemporary challenges it faces , one which establishes this work as more than just a textbook introducing students to this important area of law Henderson argues that although uncertainty and disagreement persists over the scope and application of the UN Charter provisions and customary principles governing the use of force, “there exists no general appetite amongst states for either the scrapping, rewriting or radical reinterpretation of the rules. 3 Instead, he contends that, to date, the jus ad bellum has proved to be flexible enough to accommodate new technological developments ( e.g. cyber - attacks) and security challenges (e.g. threats from non - state actors).

Published
2019

37. The (Ir)relevance of human suffering: Humanitarian intervention and Saudi Arabia's Operation Decisive Storm in Yemen

Author

Buys, Laurie, Garwood-Gowers, Andrew, Buys, Laurie, and Garwood-Gowers, Andrew

Abstract

Launched on 26 March 2015, the Saudi-led military intervention in Yemen has considerably intensified the complex conflict ravaging the country. Despite scholars identifying difficulties with the self-defence and intervention by invitation arguments offered as the primary legal justifications, the Saudi action received mostly approval or acquiescence from the international community. However, a largely overlooked feature of the justificatory discourse surrounding the Yemen intervention is the use of humanitarian and “responsibility to protect” (R2P) type language by the intervening states. This article examines the legal, political and normative significance of this discourse, arguing that humanitarian language was deployed to bolster the perceived legitimacy of military action. Although from a legal perspective the Yemen intervention does not strengthen claims for the existence of a right of unilateral humanitarian intervention, by framing its military action in terms that invoke widely accepted humanitarian and R2P norms Saudi Arabia created scope for the international community to support and legitimise the intervention. Contrary to the oft-cited assertion that humanitarian norms are primarily tools used to justify Western interventionism, the Yemen experience illustrates that such discourse is increasingly being used by a broader range of states, including some authoritarian non-Western states. We argue further that Saudi Arabia’s justification for the intervention also draws on existing ‘war on terror’ rhetoric, indicating that such language can increase the international political acceptance of legally-questionable interventions. Overall, the Yemen intervention continues a recent trend in which states weave together a variety of legal and political rationales for military action when constructing their justificatory discourse.

Published
2019

38. Cardiometabolic Adverse Effects and Its Predictors in Children and Adolescents With First-Episode Psychosis During Treatment With Quetiapine-Extended Release Versus Aripiprazole:12-Week Results From the Tolerance and Effect of Antipsychotics in Children and Adolescents With Psychosis (TEA) Trial

Author

Jensen, Karsten Gjessing, Correll, Christoph U, Rudå, Ditte, Klauber, Dea Gowers, Decara, Marie Stentebjerg, Fagerlund, Birgitte, Jepsen, Jens Richardt Møllegaard, Eriksson, Frank, Fink-Jensen, Anders, Pagsberg, Anne Katrine, Jensen, Karsten Gjessing, Correll, Christoph U, Rudå, Ditte, Klauber, Dea Gowers, Decara, Marie Stentebjerg, Fagerlund, Birgitte, Jepsen, Jens Richardt Møllegaard, Eriksson, Frank, Fink-Jensen, Anders, and Pagsberg, Anne Katrine

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To investigate cardiometabolic effects and its predictors in youth with first-episode psychosis (FEP) treated with quetiapine-extended release (ER) vs. aripiprazole.METHOD: Youths with FEP aged 12-17 years were randomized to quetiapine-ER or aripiprazole in the 12-week, double-blinded, Tolerability and Efficacy of Antipsychotics (TEA) trial. Primary outcome was change in body weight; secondary outcomes were changes in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), blood pressure (BP), heart rate, and lipid and glucose metabolism parameters. Possible predictors of cardiometabolic changes were examined.RESULTS: Altogether, 113 patients (schizophrenia-spectrum disorders=93%, age (mean±SD): 15.7±1.4 years, male participants=30.1%), were randomized to quetiapine-ER (n=55) or aripiprazole (n=58). Quetiapine-ER led to significant increases in body weight (4.88 kg, 95% confidence interval (CI): 3.92-5.83, p<.0001), BMI z-score (0.43, 95%CI= 0.33-0.53, p<0.0001) and WC z-score (0.97, CI=0.7-1.23, p<0.0001). Changes were significantly smaller with aripiprazole (all between-group p-values p<0.0001): body weight: 1.97 kg (CI=0.97-2.97, p=0.0001), BMI z-score: 0.10 (CI: -0.01-0.20, p=0.0646) and WC z-score: 0.18 (CI: -0.09-0.45, p=0.1968). Lipid and glucose metabolism parameters increased significantly at week 4 and 12 only with quetiapine-ER (p-range: 0.0001-0.037). Quetiapine-ER was associated with an increased occurrence of obesity, elevated blood lipids and hyperinsulinemia (p-range=0.004-0.039). Early weight gain, obesity or type 2 diabetes in the family significantly predicted weight and BMI gain at week 12.CONCLUSION: In youth with FEP, quetiapine-ER was associated with significantly greater weight gain and adverse changes in metabolic outcomes than aripiprazole. Early weight gain must be addressed and family lifestyle factors taken into consideration when treating youth with antipsychotics.

Published
2019

39. Clinical and genetic characteristics of late-onset Huntington's disease

Author

Oosterloo, Mayke, Bijlsma, Emilia K., van Kuijk, Sander MJ., Minkels, Floor, de Die-Smulders, Christine EM., Bachoud-Lévi, Anne-Catherine, Bentivoglio, Anna-Rita, Biunno, Ida, Bonelli, Raphael M., Bronzova, Juliana, Burgunder, Jean-Marc, Dunnett, Stephen B., Ferreira, Joaquim J., Frich, Jan, Giuliano, Joe, Handley, Olivia J., Heiberg, Arvid, Illarioshkin, Sergey, Illmann, Torsten, Klempir, Jiri, Landwehrmeyer, G. Bernhard, Levey, Jamie, McLean, Tim, Nielsen, Jørgen E., Koivisto, Susana Pro, Päivärinta, Markku, Pålhagen, Sven, Quarrell, Oliver, Ramos-Arroyo, Maria, Roos, Raymund A. C., Saft, Carsten, Sebastián, Ana Rojo, Tabrizi, Sarah J., Vandenberghe, Wim, Verellen-Dumoulin, Christine, Uhrova, Tereza, Wahlström+, Jan, Zaremba, Jacek (formerly, Rödig, Verena, Baake, Barth, Katrin, Garde, Monica Bascuñana, Becanovic, Kristina, Bernard, Tomáš, Betz, Sabrina, Bos, Reineke, Come, Adrien, Guedes, Leonor Correia, Callaghan, Jenny, Capodarca, Selene, Charpentier, Sébastien, Vieira da Silva, Wildson, Di Renzo, Martina, Ecker, Daniel, Finisterra, Ana Maria, Fullam, Ruth, Genoves, Camille, Gilling, Mette, Horta, Andrea, Hvalstedt, Carina, Held, Christine, Hussain, Hasina, Koppers, Kerstin, Lamanna, Claudia, Laurà, Matilde, Descals, Asunción Martínez, Martinez-Horta, Saul, Mestre, Tiago, Minster, Sara, Monza, Daniela, Münkel, Kristina, Mütze, Lisanne, Oehmen, Martin, Padieu, Helene, Paterski, Laurent, Peppa, Nadia, Rindal, Beate, Rogers, Dawn, Røren (formerly Heinonen), Niini, Salgueiro, Ana, Šašinková, Pavla, Seliverstov, Yury, Taylor, Catherine, Timewell, Erika, Townhill, Jenny, Cubillo, Patricia Trigo, van Walsem, Marleen R., Witjes-Ané, Marie-Noelle, Witkowski, Grzegorz, Wright, Abigail, Yudina, Elizaveta, Zielonka, Daniel, Zielonka, Eugeniusz, Zinzi, Paola, Hecht, Karen, Herranhof, Brigitte, Holl (formerly Hödl), Anna, Kapfhammer, Hans-Peter, Koppitz, Michael, Lilek, Sabine, Magnet, Marku, Müller, Nicole, Otti, Daniela, Painold, Annamaria, Reisinger, Karin, Scheibl, Monika, Schöggl, Helmut, Ullah, Jasmin, Braunwarth, Eva-Maria, Brugger, Florian, Buratti, Lisa, Hametner, Eva-Maria, Hepperger, Caroline, Holas, Christiane, Hotter, Anna, Hussl, Anna, Larcher, Barbara, Mahlknecht, Philipp, Müller, Christoph, Pinter, Bernadette, Poewe, Werner, Reiter, Eva-Magdalena, Seppi, Klau, Sprenger, Fabienne, Wenning, Gregor, Ladurner, Gunther, Lilek, Stefan, Sinadinosa, Daniela, Staffen, Wolfgang, Walleczek, Anna Maria, Linder, Christoph, Pirker, Walter, Liessens, Dirk, Calmeyn, Godelinde, Somers, Nele, Delvaux, Isabelle, Boogaerts, Andrea, Flamez, Anja, de Raedt, Sylvie, Alaerts, Nick, Slama, Hichem, Supiot, Frédéric, Constant, Eric, Gillardin, Anne-Françoise, Léonard, Marie-Claude, van de Wyngaerde, Françoise, Dupuis, Michel, Minet, Cécile, Ribaï, Pascale, Van Paemel, Dominique, van Reijen, Dimphna, Weckx, Petra, Kaiserova, Michaela, Šenkárová, Zuzana, Bezdíček, Ondřej, Klempíř, Jiří, Klempířová, Olga, Majerová-Ibarburu, Veronika, Nikolai, Tomáš, Roth, Jan, Stárková, Irena, Madsen, Louise Hasselstrøm, Møller, Anette Torvin, Hjermind, Lena, Jacobsen, Oda, Larsen, Ida Unmack, Lindquist, Suzanne, Nielsen, Jørgen, Regeur, Lisbeth, Roos, Peter, Stockholm, Jette, Vangsted-Hansen, Christina, Vinther-Jensen, Tua, Lolk, Annette, Lundsgaard, Marianne, Wermuth, Lene, Andersson, Christian, Nyberg, Clara, Sundblom, Jimmy, Peippo, Maarit, Sipponen, Marjatta, Bruun, Anu, Hartikainen, Paivi, Mäkipää, Seija, Ollokainen, Mari, Åman, Jaana, Kärppä, Mikko, Ignatius, Jaakko, Jääskeläinen, Outi, Kajula, Outi, Moilanen, Jukka, Mustonen, Aki, Santala, Maire, Eklund, Pia, Hiivola, Heli, Hyppönen, Hannele, Martikainen, Kirsti, Ojala, Marjut, Tähkäpää, Sirkku, Tuuha, Katri, Allain, Philippe, Bonneau, Dominique, Bost, Marie, Gohier, Bénédicte, Guérid, Marie-Anne, Olivier, Audrey, Prouzet, Julie, Prundean, Adriana, Scherer-Gagou, Clarisse, Verny, Christophe, Babiloni, Blandine, Bled, Déborah, Debruxelles, Sabrina, Duché, Charlotte, Fraisse, Sonia, Goizet, Cyril, Jameau, Laetitia, Lafoucrière, Danielle, Spampinato, Umberto, Couttier, Julien, Debilly, Bérengère, Delaigue, Christine, Derost, Philippe, Durif, Franck, Germain, Véronique, Legendre, Perrine, Loiseau, Sylvie, Marques, Ana, Ulla, Miguel, Vidal, Tiphaine, Badei, Farideh, Boissé, Marie-Françoise, Boudali, Lotfi, Cleret de Langavant, Laurent, Lemoine, Laurie, Morgado, Graca, Youssov, Katia, Annic, Agnè, Barthélémy, Recka, De Bruycker, Christelle, Cabaret, Maryline, Carette, Anne-Sophie, Carrière, Nicola, Decorte, Eric, Defebvre, Luc, Delliaux, Marie, Delval, Arnaud, Depelchin, Alizé, Destee, Alain, Dewulf-Pasz, Nelly, Dondaine, Thibaut, Dugauquier, Florence, Dujardin, Kathy, Hopes, Lucie, Krystkowiak, Pierre, Lemaire, Marie-Hélène, Manouvrier, Sylvie, Mutez, Eugénie, Peter, Mireille, Plomhause, Lucie, Sablonnière, Bernard, Simonin, Clémence, Tard, Céline, Thibault-Tanchou, Stéphanie, Vuillaume, Isabelle, Bellonet, Marcellin, Blin, Stéphanie, Chen, Simone, Masmoudi, Kamel, Morin, Gille, Roussel, Martine, Tir, Mélissa, Schüler, Béatrice, Wannepain, Sandrine, Zouitina, Yassine, Azulay, Jean-Philippe, Delfini, Marie, Eusebio, Alexandre, Fluchere, Frédérique, Guenam, Aicha, Mundler, Laura, Nguyen, Karine, Benaich, Sandra, Brice, Alexi, Boster, Sarah, Charles, Perrine, Durr, Alexandra, Ewenczyk, Claire, Francisque, Hélène, Jauffret, Céline, Justo, Damian, Kassar, Abdulrahman, Klebe, Stephan, Lesne, Fabien, Milani, Paolo, Monin, Marie-Lorraine, Monnier, Tiffany, Roze, Emmanuel, Tataru, Alina, Tchikviladzé, Maya, Bioux, Sandrine, Bliaux, Evangeline, Girard, Carole, Guyant-Maréchal, Lucie, Hannequin, Didier, Hannier, Véronique, Jourdain, Séverine, Maltête, David, Pouliquen, Dorothée, Anheim, Mathieu, Barun, Nadia, Lagha-Boukbiza, Ouhaid, Longato, Nadine, Marcel, Christophe, Phillipps, Clélie, Rudolf, Gabrielle, Steinmetz, Gisèle, Tranchant, Christine, Wagner, Caroline, Zimmermann, Marie-Agathe, Blondeau, Leily, Calvas, Fabienne, Cheriet, Samia, Delabaere, Helène, Demonet, Jean-Françoi, Marquine, Laurent, Pariente, Jérémie, Pierre, Michèle, Pomies, Elsa, Rolland, Sandrine, Souyris, Corinne, Kosinski, Christoph Michael, Milkereit, Eva, Probst, Daniela, Reetz, Kathrin, Sass, Christian, Schiefer, Johanne, Schlangen, Christiane, Werner, Cornelius J., Beuth, Marku, Gelderblom, Harald, Priller, Josef, Prüß, Harald, Spruth, Eike, Thiel, Silvia, Andrich, Jürgen, Ellrichmann, Gisa, Herrmann, Lennard, Hoffmann, Rainer, Kaminski, Barbara, Kraus, Peter, Stamm, Christiane, Ganos, Christo, Stubbe, Lar, Tadic, Vera, Tübing, Jennifer, Lange, Herwig, Bosredon, Cecile, Hunger, Ulrike, Löhle, Matthia, Maass, Antonia, Ossig, Christiana, Schmidt, Simone, Storch, Alexander, Wolz, Annett, Wolz, Martin, Kohl, Zacharia, Kozay, Christina, Winkler, Jürgen, Bergmann, Ulrike, Böringer, Regina, Capetian, Philipp, Kammel, Gerit, Lambeck, Johann, Mächtel, Miriam, Meier, Simone, Rijntjes, Michel, Zucker, Birgit, Boelmans, Kai, Goerendt, Ine, Heinicke, Walburgi, Hidding, Ute, Lewerenz, Jan, Münchau, Alexander, Orth, Michael, Schmalfeld, Jenny, Zittel, Simone, Diercks, Gabriele, Dressler, Dirk, Francis, Flverly, Gayde-Stephan, Sabine, Gorzolla, Heike, Kramer, Bianca, Minschke, Rebecca, Schrader, Christoph, Tacik, Pawel, Ribbat+, Michael, Longinus, Bernhard, Möller, Carsten, Bürk, Katrin, Lüsebrink, Antje, Mühlau, Mark, Peinemann, Alexander, Städtler, Michael, Weindl, Adolf, Winkelmann, Juliane, Ziegler, Cornelia, Bechtel, Natalie, Beckmann, Heike, Bohlen, Stefan, Göpfert, Nicole, Hölzner, Eva, Reilmann, Ralf, Rohm, Stefanie, Rumpf, Silke, Schepers, Sigrun, Weber, Nathalia, Bachmeier, Michael, Dose, Matthia, Hofstetter, Nina, Marquard, Ralf, Mühlbäck, Alzbeta, Buck, Andrea, Connemann, Julia, Geitner, Carolin, Kesse, Andrea, Landwehrmeyer, Bernhard, Lezius, Franziska, Nepper, Solveig, Niess, Anke, Schneider, Ariane, Schwenk, Daniela, Süssmuth, Sigurd, Trautmann, Sonja, Vogel, Melanie, Weydt, Patrick, Musacchio, Thoma, Leypold, Christine, Nöth, Kerstin, Cormio, Claudia, Difruscolo, Olimpia, Franco, Giovanni, Nuzzi, Angela, Sciruicchio, Vittorio, Serpino, Claudia, de Tommaso, Marina, Calandra-Buonaura, Giovanna, Capellari, Sabina, Cortelli, Pietro, Gallassi, Roberto, Poda, Roberto, Scaglione, Cesa, Agosti, Chiara, Barlati, Sergio, Compostella, Silvia, Marchina, Eleonora, Padovani, Alessando, Figorilli, Michela, Marrosu, Francesco, Muroni, Antonella, Piras, Valeria, Vacca, Melisa, Bertini, Elisabetta, Bartoli, Caterina, Fortunato, Fernanda, Ghelli, Elena, Ginestroni, Andrea, Mechi, Claudia, Paganini, Marco, Piacentini, Silvia, Pradella, Silvia, Romoli, Anna Maria, Sorbi, Sandro, Abbruzzese, Giovanni, Bandettini di Poggio, Monica, Ferrandes, Giovanna, Mandich, Paola, Marchese, Roberta, Di Maria, Emilio, Tamburini, Tiziano, Albanese, Alberto, Castagliuolo, Simona, Castaldo, Anna, Di Donato, Stefano, Di Bella, Daniela, Gellera, Cinzia, Genitrini, Silvia, Mariotti, Caterina, Nanetti, Lorenzo, Panzeri, Marta, Paridi, Dominga, Soliveri, Paola, Spagnolo, Francesca, Taroni, Franco, Tomasello, Chiara, De Michele, Giuseppe, Di Maio, Luigi, Rinaldi, Carlo, Massarelli, Marco, Peluso, Silvio, Roca, Alessandro, Russo, Cinzia Valeria, Salvatore, Elena, Sorrentino, Pierpaolo, Tucci, Tecla, Cannella, Milena, Codella, Valentina, De Gregorio, Francesca, De Nicola, Annunziata, Elifani, Francesca, Esposito, Chiara, Martino, Tiziana, Mazzante, Irene, Petrollini, Martina, Simonelli, Maria, Vezza, Maurizio, Squitieri, Ferdinando, D'Alessio, Barbara, Lovo, Francesca, Bentivoglio, Anna Rita, Bove, Francesco, Catalli, Claudio, Di Giacopo, Raffaella, Fasano, Alfonso, Frontali, Marina, Guidubaldi, Arianna, Ialongo, Tamara, Jacopini, Gioia, Loria, Giovanna, Modoni, Anna, Petracca, Martina, Piano, Carla, Chiara, Piccininni, Quaranta, Davide, Romano, Silvia, Soleti, Francesco, Solito, Marcella, Spadaro, Maria, Torlizzi, Flavia, Coarelli, Giulia, Ferraldeschi, Michela, Ristori, Giovanni, van Hout, Monique S. E., van Vugt, Jeroen P. P., Marit de Weert, A., Verhoeven, Marloe, Dekker, Meike, Klooster, Jesper, Leenders, Nico, van Oostrom, Joost, Kremer, Berry, Baake, Verena, van den Bogaard, Simon J. A., Dumas, Eve M., t Hart, Ellen P., Hogenboom, Marye, Jacobs, Milou, Jurgens, Caroline, Kampstra, Anne, Schoonderbeek, Anne, Witjes-Ané, Marie-Noëlle, Duits, Annelien, Waber, Mirella, Verstappen, Carla, Blinkenberg, Ellen Økland, Hauge, Erik, Tyvoll, Hilde, Aaserud, Olaf, Aanonsen, Nils Olaf, Bjørgo, Kathrine, Borgerød, Nancy, Dramstad, Elisabeth, Fannemel, Madeleine, Frich, Jan C., Gørvell, Per F., Haggag, Kathrine, Johannessen, Cecilie Haggag, Retterstøl, Lar, Røsby, Oddveig, Rummel, Jutta, Sikiric, Alma, Stokke, Bodil, van Walsem, Marleen, Wehus, Ragnhild, Arntsen, Vibeke, Bjørnevoll, Inga, Sando, Sigrid Botne, Haug, Marte Gjøl, Størseth, Hanna Haugan, Østern, Rune, Paulsen, Julie, Dziadkiewicz, Artur, Konkel, Agnieszka, Narożańska, Ewa, Nowak, Malgorzata, Robowski, Piotr, Sitek, Emilia, Slawek, Jaroslaw, Soltan, Witold, Szinwelski, Michal, Arkuszewski, Michał, Błaszczyk, Magdalena, Boczarska-Jedynak, Magdalena, Ciach-Wysocka, Ewelina, Gorzkowska, Agnieszka, Jasińska-Myga, Barbara, Kaczmarczyk, Aleksandra, Kłodowska – Duda, Gabriela, Opala, Grzegorz, Rudzińska, Monika, Stompel, Daniel, Banaszkiewicz, Krzysztof, Boćwińska, Dorota, Bojakowska-Jaremek, Kamila, Dec, Małgorzata, Grabska, Natalia, Krawczyk, Malgorzata, Kubowicz, Ewelina, Malec-Litwinowicz, Michalina, Stenwak, Agata, Szczudlik, Andrzej, Szczygieł, Elżbieta, Wójcik, Magdalena, Wasielewska, Anna, Anna Bryl, Jacek Anioła, Ciesielska, Anna, Klimberg, Aneta, Marcinkowski, Jerzy, Samara, Husam, Sempołowicz, Justyna, Wiśniewski, Bartłomiej, Gogol (formerly Kalbarczyk), Anna, Janik, Piotr, Jamrozik, Zygmunt, Kaminska, Anna, Kwiecinski+, Hubert, Antczak, Jakub, Jachinska, Katarzyna, Krysa, Wioletta, Rakowicz, Maryla, Rola, Rafal, Ryglewicz, Danuta, Sienkiewicz-Jarosz, Halina, Stępniak, Iwona, Sułek, Anna, Zaremba, Jacek, Zdzienicka, Elzbieta, Ziora-Jakutowicz, Karolina, Januário, Cristina, Júlio, Filipa, Almeida, Manuel, Calado, Ana, Dias, Margarida, Morgado, Joana, Semedo, Cristina, Coelho, Miguel, Magalhães, Andreia, Mendes, Tiago, Neutel, Dulce, Rodrigues, Filipe, Valadas, Anabela, Costa, Cristina, Cardoso, Helena, Santos, Mariana, Cação, Gonçalo, Cavaco, Sara, Damásio, Joana, Fernandes, Joana, Gonçalves, Alexandra, Loureiro, Rui, Moreira, Inê, Magalhães, Marina, Salgado, Paula, Andrade, Carlo, Costa, Andreia, Garrett, Carolina, Gago, Miguel, Guimarães, Joana, Massano, João, Meireles, Joana, Monteiro, Ana, Khasanova, Diana, Zalyalova, Zuleykha, Klyushnikov, Sergey, Sidorova, Olga, Smirnov, Oleg, Antonova, Victoria, Kopishinskaya, Svetlana, Korotysh, Maria, Magzhanov, Rim, Saifullina, Elena, Kurbatov, Sergey, Solis, Pilar, Herrera, Carmen Durán, Moreno, Patrocinio Garcia, Bas, Jordi, Busquets, Núria, Calopa, Matilde, Classen, Serge Jaumà, Dedichá, Nadia Rodríguez, Buongiorno, María Teresa, María, Andrés de la Cerda Santa, Muñoz, Esteban, Santacruz, Pilar, Barbera, Miquel Aguilar, Pardo, Sonia Arriba, Guia, Dolors Badene, Calzado, Noemi, Hernanz, Laura Casa, Tartari Díaz-Zorita, Juan Pablo, Catena, Judit López, Ferrer, Pilar Quiléz, Carruesco, Gemma Tome, Robert, Misericordia Floriach, Viladrich, Cèlia Mareca, Roca, Elvira, Ruiz Idiago, Jesús Miguel, Riballo, Antonio Villa, Campolongo, Antonia, Fernandez de Bobadilla, Ramon, Bojarsky, Jaime Kulisevsky, Pagonabarraga, Javier, Perez, Jesus Perez, Ribosa, Roser, Villa, Carolina, Acera Gil, Maria Angele, Corrales, Koldo Berganzo, Gomez Esteban, Juan Carlo, González, Amaia, Merino, Beatriz Tijero, Cubo, Esther, Polo, Cecilia Gil, Mariscal, Natividad, Sánchez, Jesú, Romero, Sandra Gutierrez, Arbelo, José Matía, Malo de Molina, Rocío, Martín, Idaira, Periañez, Juan Manuel, Udaeta, Beatriz, Alonso-Frech, Fernando, Loarte, María del Valle, Barrero, Francisco, Morales, Bla, Frades, Belén, Villanueva, Marina Ávila, Zea Sevilla, Maria Ascension, Fenollar, María del Mar, García-Ramos García, Rocío, Villanueva, Clara, Bascuñana, Mónica, Ventura, Marta Fatá, Caldentey, Juan García, Ribas, Guillermo García, García de Yébenes, Justo, López-Sendón Moreno, José Lui, Barral, Verónica Mañane, Feliz, Cici, García Ruíz, Pedro José, García, Ana, López, Rosa Guerrero, Bárcenas, Antonio Herranz, Martínez-Descals, Asunción, Pueyo, Angel Martínez, Martin, Veronica Puerta, Martínez, Noelia Rodríguez, Montojo, Teresa, Sainz Artiga, María José, Sánchez, Vicenta, Alarcón, María Dolore, Almagro, Carmen Antúnez, Diéguez, Esther, Fortuna, Lorenza, Legaz, Agustina, Manzanares, Salvadora, Muñoz, Juan Marín, Antequera Torres, María Martirio, Perea, Fuensanta Noguera, Vivancos, Laura, González, Sonia, Guisasola, Luis Menéndez, Prieto, Marta Para, Ribacoba, René, Salvador, Carlo, Lozano, Pablo Sánchez, Ramirez, Inés Legarda, Benito, Dolors Morague, Arques, Penelope Nava, Lopera, Monica Rodriguez, Pastor, Barbara Vive, Gaston, Itziar, Garcia-Amigot, Fermin, Martinez-Jaurrieta, Maria Dolore, Ramos-Arroyo, Maria Antonia, Adarmes, Astrid, Bernal-Escudero, Maravilla, Carrillo, Fátima, Jesús, Silvia, Mir, Pablo, Vargas-González, Laura, Hermoso, Fátima Dama, García Moreno, José Manuel, Jaramillo, Javier Abril, Lucena, Carolina Mendez, Pacheco Cortegana, Eva María, Peña, José Chacón, Redondo, Lui, Sánchez, Violeta Sánchez, Fernandez, Cristina Melgar, Romero Lemos, María Dolore, Mata, Maite Parede, Casado, Rocío Villagrán, Bosca, Maria, Burguera, Juan Andre, Brugada, Francisco Castera, Millán Salvador, Jose Maria, Vilaplana, Carmen Peiró, Solís, Pilar, Figuerola, Begoña Jeweinat, Palanca, Paloma Millan, Diago, Elena Bellosta, López del Val, Javier, Martinez, Laura Martinez, López, Elena, Høsterey-Ugander, Ulrika, Fredlund, Gunnel, Constantinescu, Radu, Lewin, Kajsa, Neleborn-Lingefjärd, Liselotte, Berglund, Maria, Berglund, Peter, Linnsand, Petra, Petersén, Åsa, Reimer, Jan, Widner, Håkan, Esmaeilzadeh, Mouna, Tedroff, Joakim, Winnberg, Elisabeth, Benaminov, Stanislav, Björnsson, Elisabeth, Merrick, Daniel, Paucar, Martin, Svenningsson, Per, Wallden, Tina, Berglund, Mån, Loutfi, Ghada, Olofsson, Carina, Stattin, Eva-Lena, Westman, Laila, Wikström, Birgitta, Ekwall, Camilla, Göller, Marie-Lousie, Johansson, Ander, Niemelä, Valter, Nyholm, Dag, Wiklund, Leif, Koehli, Jessica, Stebler, Yanik, Kaelin, Alain, Romero, Irene, Schüpbach, Michael, Zaugg, Sabine Weber, Esposito, Federica, Good, Jean-Marc, Paus, Karin, Vingerhoets, Francoi, Wider+, Christian, Jung, Hans H., Petersen, Jens A., Ligon-Auer, Maria, Mihaylova, Violeta, Downie, Lorna, Jack, Roisin, Matheson, Kirsty, Miedzybrodzka, Zosia, Rae, Daniela, Simpson, Sheila A., Summers, Fiona, Ure, Alexandra, Vaughan, Vivien, Harrower, Timothy, Vernon, Nathan, Akhtar, Shahbana, Crooks, Jenny, Curtis, Adrienne, de Souza (Keylock), Jenny, Piedad, John, Rickards, Hugh, Wright, Jan, Haig-Brown, Diane, Craven, Janet, Pallett, Andrew, Simpson, Steve, Weekes, Rebecca, Coulthard, Elizabeth, Gethin, Louise, Hayward, Beverley, Sieradzan, Kasia, Barker, Roger A., O'Keefe, Deidre, Gerrtiz (nee Di Pietro), Anna, Fisher, Kate, Goodman, Anna, Hill, Susan, Mason, Sarah, Swain, Rachel, Guzman, Natalie Valle, Busse, Monica, Butcher, Cynthia, Dunnett, Stephen, Clenaghan, Catherine, Hunt, Sarah, Jones, Lesley, Jones, Una, Khalil, Hanan, Owen, Michael, Price, Kathleen, Rosser, Anne, Goudie, David, Buchanan, Lindsay, McFadyen, Paula, Tonner, Alison, Taylor, Anne-Marie, Edwards, Maureen, Ho, Carrie, McGill, Marie, Porteous, Mary, Pearson, Pauline, Irvine, Sarah, Brockie, Peter, Foster, Jillian, Johns, Nicola, McKenzie, Sue, Rothery, Jean, Thomas, Gareth, Yates, Shona, Neumann, Christian, Patterson, Kirsten, Thomson, David, Deith, Catherine, Ireland, Jane, Ritchie, Stuart, Brown, Pauline, Burrows, Liz, Fletcher, Amy, Harding, Alison, Harrison, Kaye, Laver, Fiona, Silva, Mark, Thomson, Aileen, Chu, Carol, Evans, Carole, Gallentree, Deena, Hamer, Stephanie, Kraus, Alison, Markova, Ivana, Raman, Ashok, Rowett, Liz, Andrew, Alyson, Frost, Julie, Noad, Rupert, Cosgrove, Jeremy, Gallantree, Deena, Hobson, Emma, Jamieson, Stuart, Longthorpe, Mandy, Musgrave, Hannah, Peacy, Caroline, Toscano, Jean, Wild, Sue, Yardumian, Pam, Clayton, Carole, Dipple, Heather, Freire-Patino, Dawn, Hallam, Caroline, Middleton, Julia, Alusi, Sundu, Davies, Rhy, Foy, Kevin, Gerrans, Emily, Pate, Louise, Anjum, Uruj, Coebergh, Jan, Eddy, Charlotte, Lahiri, Nayana, McEntagart, Meriel, Patton, Michael, Peterson, Maria, Rose, Sarah, Andrews, Thomasin, Dougherty, Andrew, Golding, Charlotte, Kavalier, Fred, Laing, Hana, Lashwood, Alison, Robertson, Dene, Ruddy, Deborah, Santhouse, Alastair, Whaite, Anna, Gosling (nee Brown), Stefanie, Bruno, Stefania, Chu, Elvina, Doherty, Karen, Haider, Salman, Hensman, Davina, Lewis, Monica, Novak, Marianne, Patel, Aakta, Robertson, Nicola, Rosser, Elisabeth, Tabrizi, Sarah, Taylor, Rachel, Warner, Thoma, Wild, Edward, Ackermann, Oda, Duport, Sophie, Scott, Adrienne, Stoy, Nichola, Vaughn, Jenny, Arran, Natalie, Bek, Judith, Craufurd, David, Hare, Marianne, Howard, Liz, Huson, Susan, Johnson, Liz, Jones, Mary, Krishnamoorthy, Ashok, 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E., van Vugt, Jeroen P. P., Marit de Weert, A., Verhoeven, Marloe, Dekker, Meike, Klooster, Jesper, Leenders, Nico, van Oostrom, Joost, Kremer, Berry, Baake, Verena, van den Bogaard, Simon J. A., Dumas, Eve M., t Hart, Ellen P., Hogenboom, Marye, Jacobs, Milou, Jurgens, Caroline, Kampstra, Anne, Schoonderbeek, Anne, Witjes-Ané, Marie-Noëlle, Duits, Annelien, Waber, Mirella, Verstappen, Carla, Blinkenberg, Ellen Økland, Hauge, Erik, Tyvoll, Hilde, Aaserud, Olaf, Aanonsen, Nils Olaf, Bjørgo, Kathrine, Borgerød, Nancy, Dramstad, Elisabeth, Fannemel, Madeleine, Frich, Jan C., Gørvell, Per F., Haggag, Kathrine, Johannessen, Cecilie Haggag, Retterstøl, Lar, Røsby, Oddveig, Rummel, Jutta, Sikiric, Alma, Stokke, Bodil, van Walsem, Marleen, Wehus, Ragnhild, Arntsen, Vibeke, Bjørnevoll, Inga, Sando, Sigrid Botne, Haug, Marte Gjøl, Størseth, Hanna Haugan, Østern, Rune, Paulsen, Julie, Dziadkiewicz, Artur, Konkel, Agnieszka, Narożańska, Ewa, Nowak, Malgorzata, Robowski, Piotr, Sitek, Emilia, Slawek, Jaroslaw, Soltan, Witold, Szinwelski, Michal, Arkuszewski, Michał, Błaszczyk, Magdalena, Boczarska-Jedynak, Magdalena, Ciach-Wysocka, Ewelina, Gorzkowska, Agnieszka, Jasińska-Myga, Barbara, Kaczmarczyk, Aleksandra, Kłodowska – Duda, Gabriela, Opala, Grzegorz, Rudzińska, Monika, Stompel, Daniel, Banaszkiewicz, Krzysztof, Boćwińska, Dorota, Bojakowska-Jaremek, Kamila, Dec, Małgorzata, Grabska, Natalia, Krawczyk, Malgorzata, Kubowicz, Ewelina, Malec-Litwinowicz, Michalina, Stenwak, Agata, Szczudlik, Andrzej, Szczygieł, Elżbieta, Wójcik, Magdalena, Wasielewska, Anna, Anna Bryl, Jacek Anioła, Ciesielska, Anna, Klimberg, Aneta, Marcinkowski, Jerzy, Samara, Husam, Sempołowicz, Justyna, Wiśniewski, Bartłomiej, Gogol (formerly Kalbarczyk), Anna, Janik, Piotr, Jamrozik, Zygmunt, Kaminska, Anna, Kwiecinski+, Hubert, Antczak, Jakub, Jachinska, Katarzyna, Krysa, Wioletta, Rakowicz, Maryla, Rola, Rafal, Ryglewicz, Danuta, Sienkiewicz-Jarosz, Halina, Stępniak, Iwona, Sułek, Anna, Zaremba, Jacek, Zdzienicka, Elzbieta, Ziora-Jakutowicz, Karolina, Januário, Cristina, Júlio, Filipa, Almeida, Manuel, Calado, Ana, Dias, Margarida, Morgado, Joana, Semedo, Cristina, Coelho, Miguel, Magalhães, 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Hermoso, Fátima Dama, García Moreno, José Manuel, Jaramillo, Javier Abril, Lucena, Carolina Mendez, Pacheco Cortegana, Eva María, Peña, José Chacón, Redondo, Lui, Sánchez, Violeta Sánchez, Fernandez, Cristina Melgar, Romero Lemos, María Dolore, Mata, Maite Parede, Casado, Rocío Villagrán, Bosca, Maria, Burguera, Juan Andre, Brugada, Francisco Castera, Millán Salvador, Jose Maria, Vilaplana, Carmen Peiró, Solís, Pilar, Figuerola, Begoña Jeweinat, Palanca, Paloma Millan, Diago, Elena Bellosta, López del Val, Javier, Martinez, Laura Martinez, López, Elena, Høsterey-Ugander, Ulrika, Fredlund, Gunnel, Constantinescu, Radu, Lewin, Kajsa, Neleborn-Lingefjärd, Liselotte, Berglund, Maria, Berglund, Peter, Linnsand, Petra, Petersén, Åsa, Reimer, Jan, Widner, Håkan, Esmaeilzadeh, Mouna, Tedroff, Joakim, Winnberg, Elisabeth, Benaminov, Stanislav, Björnsson, Elisabeth, Merrick, Daniel, Paucar, Martin, Svenningsson, Per, Wallden, Tina, Berglund, Mån, Loutfi, Ghada, Olofsson, Carina, Stattin, Eva-Lena, Westman, Laila, Wikström, Birgitta, Ekwall, Camilla, Göller, Marie-Lousie, Johansson, Ander, Niemelä, Valter, Nyholm, Dag, Wiklund, Leif, Koehli, Jessica, Stebler, Yanik, Kaelin, Alain, Romero, Irene, Schüpbach, Michael, Zaugg, Sabine Weber, Esposito, Federica, Good, Jean-Marc, Paus, Karin, Vingerhoets, Francoi, Wider+, Christian, Jung, Hans H., Petersen, Jens A., Ligon-Auer, Maria, Mihaylova, Violeta, Downie, Lorna, Jack, Roisin, Matheson, Kirsty, Miedzybrodzka, Zosia, Rae, Daniela, Simpson, Sheila A., Summers, Fiona, Ure, Alexandra, Vaughan, Vivien, Harrower, Timothy, Vernon, Nathan, Akhtar, Shahbana, Crooks, Jenny, Curtis, Adrienne, de Souza (Keylock), Jenny, Piedad, John, Rickards, Hugh, Wright, Jan, Haig-Brown, Diane, Craven, Janet, Pallett, Andrew, Simpson, Steve, Weekes, Rebecca, Coulthard, Elizabeth, Gethin, Louise, Hayward, Beverley, Sieradzan, Kasia, Barker, Roger A., O'Keefe, Deidre, Gerrtiz (nee Di Pietro), Anna, Fisher, Kate, Goodman, Anna, Hill, Susan, Mason, Sarah, Swain, Rachel, Guzman, Natalie Valle, Busse, Monica, Butcher, Cynthia, Dunnett, Stephen, Clenaghan, Catherine, Hunt, Sarah, Jones, Lesley, Jones, Una, Khalil, Hanan, Owen, Michael, Price, Kathleen, Rosser, Anne, Goudie, David, Buchanan, Lindsay, McFadyen, Paula, Tonner, Alison, Taylor, Anne-Marie, Edwards, Maureen, Ho, Carrie, McGill, Marie, Porteous, Mary, Pearson, Pauline, Irvine, Sarah, Brockie, Peter, Foster, Jillian, Johns, Nicola, McKenzie, Sue, Rothery, Jean, Thomas, Gareth, Yates, Shona, Neumann, Christian, Patterson, Kirsten, Thomson, David, Deith, Catherine, Ireland, Jane, Ritchie, Stuart, Brown, Pauline, Burrows, Liz, Fletcher, Amy, Harding, Alison, Harrison, Kaye, Laver, Fiona, Silva, Mark, Thomson, Aileen, Chu, Carol, Evans, Carole, Gallentree, Deena, Hamer, Stephanie, Kraus, Alison, Markova, Ivana, Raman, Ashok, Rowett, Liz, Andrew, Alyson, Frost, Julie, Noad, Rupert, Cosgrove, Jeremy, Gallantree, Deena, Hobson, Emma, Jamieson, Stuart, Longthorpe, Mandy, Musgrave, Hannah, Peacy, Caroline, Toscano, Jean, Wild, Sue, Yardumian, Pam, Clayton, Carole, Dipple, Heather, Freire-Patino, Dawn, Hallam, Caroline, Middleton, Julia, Alusi, Sundu, Davies, Rhy, Foy, Kevin, Gerrans, Emily, Pate, Louise, Anjum, Uruj, Coebergh, Jan, Eddy, Charlotte, Lahiri, Nayana, McEntagart, Meriel, Patton, Michael, Peterson, Maria, Rose, Sarah, Andrews, Thomasin, Dougherty, Andrew, Golding, Charlotte, Kavalier, Fred, Laing, Hana, Lashwood, Alison, Robertson, Dene, Ruddy, Deborah, Santhouse, Alastair, Whaite, Anna, Gosling (nee Brown), Stefanie, Bruno, Stefania, Chu, Elvina, Doherty, Karen, Haider, Salman, Hensman, Davina, Lewis, Monica, Novak, Marianne, Patel, Aakta, Robertson, Nicola, Rosser, Elisabeth, Tabrizi, Sarah, Taylor, Rachel, Warner, Thoma, Wild, Edward, Ackermann, Oda, Duport, Sophie, Scott, Adrienne, Stoy, Nichola, Vaughn, Jenny, Arran, Natalie, Bek, Judith, Craufurd, David, Hare, Marianne, Howard, Liz, Huson, Susan, Johnson, Liz, Jones, Mary, Krishnamoorthy, Ashok, Murphy, Helen, Oughton, Emma, Partington-Jones, Lucy, Sollom, Andrea, Snowden, Julie, Stopford, Cheryl, Thompson, Jennifer, Trender-Gerhard, Iri, Verstraelen (formerly Ritchie), Nichola, Westmoreland, Leann, Cass, Ginette, Davidson, Lynn, Davison, Jill, Fullerton, Neil, Holmes, Katrina, Komati, Suresh, McDonnell, Sharon, Mohammed, Zeid, Morgan, Karen, Savage, Loi, Singh, Baldev, Wood, Josh, Knight, Caroline, O'Neill, Mari, Purkayastha, Debasish Da, Nemeth, Andrea H., Siuda, Gill, Valentine, Ruth, Dixon, Kathryn, Armstrong, Richard, Harrison, David, Hughes, Max, Large, Sandra, Donovan, John O., Palmer, Amy, Parkinson, Andrew, Soltysiak, Beverley, Timings, Leanne, Williams, Josh, Burn, John, Bailey, Wendy, Coleman, Caroline, Majeed, Tahir, Verstraelen (Ritchie), Nicola, Barrett, Wendy, Ho, Aileen, Bandmann, Oliver, Bradbury, Alyson, Fairtlough, Helen, Fillingham, Kay, Foustanos, Isabella, Gill, Paul, Kazoka, Mbombe, O'Donovan, Kirsty, Nevitt, Louise, Taylor, Cat, Tidswell, Katherine, Kipps, Christopher, MacKinnon, Lesley, Agarwal, Veena, Hayward, Elaine, Gunner, Kerry, Harris, Kayla, Anderson, Mary, Heywood, Melanie, Keys, Liane, Smalley, Sarah, El-Nimr, George, Duffell, Allison, Wood, Sue, Kennedy (nee Smith), Karen, Gowers, Lesley, Powell, Kingsley, Bethwaite, Pamela, Edwards, Rachel, Fuller, Kathleen, Phillips, Michelle, Tan, Loui, Lau, Puay Ngoh, Pica, Emmanuel, Roos, Raymund AC., Albanese, Alberto (ORCID:0000-0002-5864-0006), and Bentivoglio, Anna Rita (ORCID:0000-0002-9663-095X)

Abstract

Background: The frequency of late-onset Huntington's disease (>59 years) is assumed to be low and the clinical course milder. However, previous literature on late-onset disease is scarce and inconclusive. Objective: Our aim is to study clinical characteristics of late-onset compared to common-onset HD patients in a large cohort of HD patients from the Registry database. Methods: Participants with late- and common-onset (30–50 years)were compared for first clinical symptoms, disease progression, CAG repeat size and family history. Participants with a missing CAG repeat size, a repeat size of ≤35 or a UHDRS motor score of ≤5 were excluded. Results: Of 6007 eligible participants, 687 had late-onset (11.4%) and 3216 (53.5%) common-onset HD. Late-onset (n = 577) had significantly more gait and balance problems as first symptom compared to common-onset (n = 2408) (P <.001). Overall motor and cognitive performance (P <.001) were worse, however only disease motor progression was slower (coefficient, −0.58; SE 0.16; P <.001) compared to the common-onset group. Repeat size was significantly lower in the late-onset (n = 40.8; SD 1.6) compared to common-onset (n = 44.4; SD 2.8) (P <.001). Fewer late-onset patients (n = 451) had a positive family history compared to common-onset (n = 2940) (P <.001). Conclusions: Late-onset patients present more frequently with gait and balance problems as first symptom, and disease progression is not milder compared to common-onset HD patients apart from motor progression. The family history is likely to be negative, which might make diagnosing HD more difficult in this population. However, the balance and gait problems might be helpful in diagnosing HD in elderly patients.

Published
2019

40. Cross-talk between human airway epithelial cells and 3T3-J2 feeder cells involves partial activation of human MET by murine HGF

Author

Hynds, R.E., Gowers, K.H.C., Nigro, E., Butler, C.R., Bonfanti, P., Giangreco, A., Prêle, C.M., Janes, S.M., Hynds, R.E., Gowers, K.H.C., Nigro, E., Butler, C.R., Bonfanti, P., Giangreco, A., Prêle, C.M., and Janes, S.M.

Abstract

There is considerable interest in the ex vivo propagation of primary human basal epithelial stem/progenitor cells with a view to their use in drug development, toxicity testing and regenerative medicine. These cells can be expanded in co-culture with mitotically inactivated 3T3-J2 murine embryonic feeder cells but, similar to other epithelial cell culture systems employing 3T3-J2 cells, the aspects of cross-talk between 3T3-J2 cells and human airway basal cells that are critical for their expansion remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated secreted growth factors that are produced by 3T3-J2 cells and act upon primary human airway basal cells. We found robust production of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) from fibroblast feeder cells following mitotic inactivation. Consistent with the limited cross-species reactivity of murine HGF on the human HGF receptor (MET; HGFR), MET inhibition did not affect proliferative responses in human airway basal cells and HGF could not replace feeder cells in this culture system. However, we found that murine HGF is not completely inactive on human airway epithelial cells or cancer cell lines but stimulates the phosphorylation of GRB2-associated-binding protein 2 (GAB2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6). Although HGF induces phosphorylation of STAT6 tyrosine 641 (Y641), there is no subsequent STAT6 nuclear translocation or STAT6-driven transcriptional response. Overall, these findings highlight the relevance of cross-species protein interactions between murine feeder cells and human epithelial cells in 3T3-J2 co-culture and demonstrate that STAT6 phosphorylation occurs in response to MET activation in epithelial cells. However, STAT6 nuclear translocation does not occur in response to HGF, precluding the transcriptional activity of STAT6.

Published
2018

41. Why some ball tampering offences are more serious than others

Author

McGee, Andrew, Duffy, James, Garwood-Gowers, Andrew, McGee, Andrew, Duffy, James, and Garwood-Gowers, Andrew

Abstract

Steve Smith, David Warner and Cameron Bancroft, the Australian cricket players who have been found guilty of ball tampering, have now been handed hefty bans. Yet some might wonder why other instances of ball tampering have not been punished so severely. Some commentators are comparing apples and oranges when contrasting the punishment meted out to the Australian players, with that given to other cricketers in the past for ball tampering...

Published
2018

42. Lightning injuries in Northern Ireland

Author

Sleiwah, Aseel, Baker, Jill, Gowers, Christopher, Elsom, Derek M., Rashid, Abid, Sleiwah, Aseel, Baker, Jill, Gowers, Christopher, Elsom, Derek M., and Rashid, Abid

Abstract

Introduction: Lightning injuries are uncommon with scarce reports detailing incidence and local experience. We present a case study of three patients involved in a single lightning strike in Northern Ireland with a review of the incidence of similar injuries in the province. Methods: Data from TORRO’s National Lightning Incidents Database between 1987 and 2016 (30 years) were searched to identify victims of lightning injuries in Northern Ireland. Information on three patients with lightning injuries that were managed in our regional burns and plastic surgery service was collected and examined. A supplementary search in hospital records was conducted for the last 20 years to identify additional data. Results: Prior to our study, six victims of lightning injuries were identified from the database, of which five survived and one died. Our three patients comprised of two children and one accompanying adult. All of them survived however the adult suffered cardiac arrest and required a prolonged period of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Conclusion: While lightning injuries are rare in Northern Ireland, this is the first report of more than one person affected by a single lightning incident in the province. In our limited experience, immediate public response and prolonged cardiopulmonary resuscitation efforts facilitated by automated defibrillators result in a favourable outcome.

Published
2018

43. Cross-talk between human airway epithelial cells and 3T3-J2 feeder cells involves partial activation of human MET by murine HGF

Author

Hynds, R.E., Gowers, K.H.C., Nigro, E., Butler, C.R., Bonfanti, P., Giangreco, A., Prêle, C.M., Janes, S.M., Hynds, R.E., Gowers, K.H.C., Nigro, E., Butler, C.R., Bonfanti, P., Giangreco, A., Prêle, C.M., and Janes, S.M.

Abstract

There is considerable interest in the ex vivo propagation of primary human basal epithelial stem/progenitor cells with a view to their use in drug development, toxicity testing and regenerative medicine. These cells can be expanded in co-culture with mitotically inactivated 3T3-J2 murine embryonic feeder cells but, similar to other epithelial cell culture systems employing 3T3-J2 cells, the aspects of cross-talk between 3T3-J2 cells and human airway basal cells that are critical for their expansion remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated secreted growth factors that are produced by 3T3-J2 cells and act upon primary human airway basal cells. We found robust production of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) from fibroblast feeder cells following mitotic inactivation. Consistent with the limited cross-species reactivity of murine HGF on the human HGF receptor (MET; HGFR), MET inhibition did not affect proliferative responses in human airway basal cells and HGF could not replace feeder cells in this culture system. However, we found that murine HGF is not completely inactive on human airway epithelial cells or cancer cell lines but stimulates the phosphorylation of GRB2-associated-binding protein 2 (GAB2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6). Although HGF induces phosphorylation of STAT6 tyrosine 641 (Y641), there is no subsequent STAT6 nuclear translocation or STAT6-driven transcriptional response. Overall, these findings highlight the relevance of cross-species protein interactions between murine feeder cells and human epithelial cells in 3T3-J2 co-culture and demonstrate that STAT6 phosphorylation occurs in response to MET activation in epithelial cells. However, STAT6 nuclear translocation does not occur in response to HGF, precluding the transcriptional activity of STAT6.

Published
2018

44. Development and worldwide use of non-lethal, and minimal population-level impact, protocols for the isolation of amphibian chytrid fungi

Author

Fisher, M.C., Ghosh, P., Shelton, J.M.G., Bates, K., Brookes, L., Wierzbicki, C., Rosa, G.M., Farrer, R.A., Aanensen, D.M., Alvarado-Rybak, M., Bataille, A., Berger, L., Böll, S., Bosch, J., Clare, F.C., Courtois, E.A., Crottini, A., Cunningham, A.A., Doherty-Bone, T.M., Gebresenbet, F., Gowers, K., Höglund, J., James, T.Y., Jenkinson, T.S., Kosch, T.A., Lambertini, C., Laurila, A., Lin, C.-F., Loyau, Adeline, Martel, A., Meurling, S., Miaud, C., Minting, P., Ndriantsoa, S., O’Hanlon, S.J., Pasmans, F., Rakotonanahary, T., Rabemananjara, F.C.E., Ribeiro, L.P., Schmeller, Dirk Sven, Schmidt, B.R., Skerratt, L., Smith, F., Soto-Azat, C., Tessa, G., Toledo, L.F., Valenzuela-Sánchez, A., Verster, R., Vörös, J., Waldman, B., Webb, R.J., Weldon, C., Wombwell, E., Zamudio, K.R., Longcore, J.E., Garner, T.W.J., Fisher, M.C., Ghosh, P., Shelton, J.M.G., Bates, K., Brookes, L., Wierzbicki, C., Rosa, G.M., Farrer, R.A., Aanensen, D.M., Alvarado-Rybak, M., Bataille, A., Berger, L., Böll, S., Bosch, J., Clare, F.C., Courtois, E.A., Crottini, A., Cunningham, A.A., Doherty-Bone, T.M., Gebresenbet, F., Gowers, K., Höglund, J., James, T.Y., Jenkinson, T.S., Kosch, T.A., Lambertini, C., Laurila, A., Lin, C.-F., Loyau, Adeline, Martel, A., Meurling, S., Miaud, C., Minting, P., Ndriantsoa, S., O’Hanlon, S.J., Pasmans, F., Rakotonanahary, T., Rabemananjara, F.C.E., Ribeiro, L.P., Schmeller, Dirk Sven, Schmidt, B.R., Skerratt, L., Smith, F., Soto-Azat, C., Tessa, G., Toledo, L.F., Valenzuela-Sánchez, A., Verster, R., Vörös, J., Waldman, B., Webb, R.J., Weldon, C., Wombwell, E., Zamudio, K.R., Longcore, J.E., and Garner, T.W.J.

Abstract

Parasitic chytrid fungi have emerged as a significant threat to amphibian species worldwide, necessitating the development of techniques to isolate these pathogens into culture for research purposes. However, early methods of isolating chytrids from their hosts relied on killing amphibians. We modified a pre-existing protocol for isolating chytrids from infected animals to use toe clips and biopsies from toe webbing rather than euthanizing hosts, and distributed the protocol to researchers as part of the BiodivERsA project RACE; here called the RML protocol. In tandem, we developed a lethal procedure for isolating chytrids from tadpole mouthparts. Reviewing a database of use a decade after their inception, we find that these methods have been applied across 5 continents, 23 countries and in 62 amphibian species. Isolation of chytrids by the non-lethal RML protocol occured in 18% of attempts with 207 fungal isolates and three species of chytrid being recovered. Isolation of chytrids from tadpoles occured in 43% of attempts with 334 fungal isolates of one species (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) being recovered. Together, these methods have resulted in a significant reduction and refinement of our use of threatened amphibian species and have improved our ability to work with this group of emerging pathogens.

Published
2018

45. Change and dispersion of QT interval during treatment with quetiapine extended release versus aripiprazole in children and adolescents with first-episode psychosis:results from the TEA trial

Author

Jensen, Karsten Gjessing, Gärtner, Stefan, Correll, Christoph U., Rudå, Ditte, Klauber, Dea Gowers, Stentebjerg-Olesen, Marie, Fagerlund, Birgitte, Jepsen, Jens Richardt, Fink-Jensen, Anders, Juul, Klaus, Pagsberg, Anne Katrine, Jensen, Karsten Gjessing, Gärtner, Stefan, Correll, Christoph U., Rudå, Ditte, Klauber, Dea Gowers, Stentebjerg-Olesen, Marie, Fagerlund, Birgitte, Jepsen, Jens Richardt, Fink-Jensen, Anders, Juul, Klaus, and Pagsberg, Anne Katrine

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of quetiapine extended release (ER) versus aripiprazole on corrected QT interval (QTc) and QT dispersion (QTd) in youths with first-episode psychosis. Methods: Youths 12–17 years were randomized to quetiapine ER (daily dose range = 50 to 800 mg) or aripiprazole (daily dose range = 2.5 to 30 mg) in a 12-week double-blinded trial and examined at weeks 0, 4, and 12. Primary outcome was QTc change using Hodges formula (QTcH); secondary outcomes included QTcH > 450 ms, QTcH > 500 ms, QTcH change > 60 ms, QTd, and heart rate (HR). Results: Among 113 randomized youths, follow-up ECG was available for 93 patients (82.3%) (age = 15.8 ± 1.3 years, males = 34.4%, schizophrenia = 67.7%). Quetiapine ER treatment (n = 47) was associated with a significant increase in QTcH of + 6.8 ± 20.2 ms (p = 0.025), while the change from baseline in patients receiving aripiprazole (n = 46) was non-significant (− 3.4 ± 18.9 ms, p = 0.225). One patient in the quetiapine ER group had a QTcH change of + 62.3 ms. Age, sex, smoking, body mass index, and concomitant medication were not significantly associated with QTcH change, but higher baseline potassium was correlated to higher QTcH change in the quetiapine ER group. The HR increased significantly with quetiapine ER (+ 11.0 ± 14.2 bpm, p < 0.001) but not with aripiprazole (− 0.8 ± 12.0 bpm, p = 0.643). QTd did not significantly change with quetiapine ER or aripiprazole. Conclusion: QTcH and HR increased significantly with quetiapine ER, although changes were small and likely not clinically significant in otherwise healthy patients. QTcH and HR were unchanged with aripiprazole. No significant change in QTd was seen. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01119014, EudraCT: 2009-016715-38

Published
2018

48. Reduced Cancer Incidence in Huntington's Disease: Analysis in the Registry Study

Author

Mcnulty, Paul, Pilcher, Richard, Ramesh, Raviram, Necuiniate, Renata, Hughes, Ali, Farewell, Daniel, Holmans, Peter, Jones, Lesley, Bonelli, Raphael M., Hecht, Karen, Herranhof, Brigitte, Holl, Anna, Kapfhammer, Hans-Peter, Koppitz, Michael, Lilek, Sabine, Magnet, Marku, Müller, Nicole, Otti, Daniela, Painold, Annamaria, Reisinger, Karin, Scheibl, Monika, Schöggl, Helmut, Ullah, Jasmin, Braunwarth, Eva-Maria, Brugger, Florian, Buratti, Lisa, Hametner, Eva-Maria, Hepperger, Caroline, Holas, Christiane, Hotter, Anna, Hussl, Anna, Larcher, Barbara, Mahlknecht, Philipp, Müller, Christoph, Pinter, Bernadette, Poewe, Werner, Reiter, Eva-Magdalena, Seppi, Klau, Sprenger, Fabienne, Wenning, Gregor, Ladurner, Gunther, Lilek, Stefan, Sinadinosa, Daniela, Staffen, Wolfgang, Walleczek, Anna Maria, Constant, Eric, Gillardin, Anne-Françoise, Léonard, Marie-Claude, Verellen-Dumoulin, Christine, Van De Wyngaerde, Françoise, Dupuis, Michel, Minet, Cécile, Ribaï, Pascale, Van Paemel, Dominique, Boogaerts, Andrea, Vandenberghe, Wim, Van Reijen, Dimphna, Kaiserova, Michaela, Šenkárová, Zuzana, Klempíř, Jiří, Majerová, Veronika, Roth, Jan, Madsen, Louise Hasselstrøm, Møller, Anette Torvin, Hjermind, Lena, Jacobsen, Oda, Lindquist, Suzanne, Nielsen, Jørgen, Regeur, Lisbeth, Stockholm, Jette, Larsen, Ida Unmack, Vangsted-Hansen, Christina, Vinther-Jensen, Tua, Lolk, Annette, Lundsgaard, Marianne, Wermuth, Lene, Andersson, Christian, Nyberg, Clara, Sundblom, Jimmy, Peippo, Maarit, Sipponen, Marjett, Hartikainen, Paivi, Ollokainen, Mari, Åman, Jaana, Ignatius, Jaakko, Kärppä, Mikko, Mustonen, Aki, Kajula, Outi, Jääskalainen, Outi, Moilanen, Jukka, Santala, Maire, Eklund, Pia, Hiivola, Heli, Hyppönen, Hannele, Martikainen, Kirsti, Tuuha, Katri, Allain, Philippe, Bonneau, Dominique, Bost, Marie, Gohier, Bénédicte, Guérid, Marie-Anne, Olivier, Audrey, Prouzet, Julie, Prundean, Adriana, Scherer-Gagou, Clarisse, Verny, Christophe, Babiloni, Blandine, Debruxelles, Sabrina, Duché, Charlotte, Goizet, Cyril, Jameau, Laetitia, Lafoucrière, Danielle, Spampinato, Umberto, Couttier, Julien, Debilly, Bérengère, Delaigue, Christine, Durif, Franck, Legendre, Perrine, Loiseau, Sylvie, Ulla, Miguel, Vidal, Tiphaine, Bachoud-Lévi, Anne-Catherine, Badei, Farideh, Boissé, Marie-Françoise, Boudali, Lotfi, De Langavant, Laurent Cleret, Lemoine, Laurie, Morgado, Graca, Youssov, Katia, Annic, Agnè, Barthélémy, Recka, De Bruycker, Christelle, Cabaret, Maryline, Carette, Anne-Sophie, Carrière, Nicola, Decorte, Eric, Defebvre, Luc, Delliaux, Marie, Delval, Arnaud, Depelchin, Alizé, Destee, Alain, Dewulf-Pasz, Nelly, Dondaine, Thibaut, Dugauquier, Florence, Dujardin, Kathy, Hopes, Lucie, Krystkowiak, Pierre, Lemaire, Marie-Hélène, Manouvrier, Sylvie, Mutez, Eugénie, Peter, Mireille, Plomhause, Lucie, Sablonnière, Bernard, Simonin, Clémence, Tard, Céline, Thibault-Tanchou, Stéphanie, Vuillaume, Isabelle, Bellonet, Marcellin, Benoit, Alexandra, Berrisoul, Hassan, Blin, Stéphanie, Courtin, Françoise, Duru, Cécile, Fasquel, Véronique, Flament, Mélanie, Godefroy, Olivier, Mantaux, Béatrice, Playe, Alicia, Roussel, Martine, Tir, Mélissa, Schüler, Béatrice, Wannepain, Sandrine, Azulay, Jean-Philippe, Chabot, Christelle, Delfini, Marie, Eusebio, Alexandre, Fluchere, Frédérique, Grosjean, Hélène, Mundler, Laura, Nowak, Marielle, Raseta, Rolland, Benaich, Sandra, Brice, Alexi, Charles, Perrine, Durr, Alexandra, Ewenczyk, Claire, Francisque, Hélène, Jauffret, Céline, Justo, Damian, Kassar, Abdulrahman, Klebe, Stephan, Lesne, Fabien, Milani, Paolo, Monin, Marie-Lorraine, Roze, Emmanuel, Tataru, Alina, Tchikviladzé, Maya, Bioux, Sandrine, Bliaux, Evangeline, Girard, Carole, Guyant-Maréchal, Lucie, Hannequin, Didier, Hannier, Véronique, Jourdain, Séverine, Maltête, David, Pouliquen, Dorothée, Lagha-Boukbiza, Ouhaid, Longato, Nadine, Marcel, Christophe, Phillipps, Clélie, Rudolf, Gabrielle, Steinmetz, Giséle, Tranchant, Christine, Wagner, Caroline, Zimmermann, Marie-Agathe, Blondeau, Leily, Calvas, Fabienne, Cheriet, Samia, Delabaere, Helène, Demonet, Jean-Françoi, Pariente, Jérémie, Pierre, Michèle, Rolland, Sandrine, Kosinski, Christoph Michael, Milkereit, Eva, Probst, Daniela, Reetz, Kathrin, Sass, Christian, Schiefer, Johanne, Schlangen, Christiane, Werner, Cornelius J., Beuth, Marku, Gelderblom, Harald, Priller, Josef, Prüß, Harald, Spruth, Eike, Thiel, Silvia, Andrich, Jürgen, Ellrichmann, Gisa, Herrmann, Lennard, Hoffmann, Rainer, Kaminski, Barbara, Kraus, Peter, Saft, Carsten, Stamm, Christiane, Lange, Herwig, Maiwald, Robert, Bosredon, Cecile, Hunger, Ulrike, Löhle, Matthia, Maass, Antonia, Ossig, Christiana, Schmidt, Simone, Storch, Alexander, Wolz, Annett, Wolz, Martin, Kohl, Zacharia, Kozay, Christina, Winkler, Jürgen, Bergmann, Ulrike, Böringer, Regina, Capetian, Philipp, Kammel, Gerit, Lambeck, Johann, Mächtel, Miriam, Meier, Simone, Rijntjes, Michel, Zucker, Birgit, Boelmans, Kai, Ganos, Christo, Goerendt, Ine, Heinicke, Walburgi, Hidding, Ute, Lewerenz, Jan, Münchau, Alexander, Orth, Michael, Schmalfeld, Jenny, Stubbe, Lar, Zittel, Simone, Diercks, Gabriele, Dressler, Dirk, Francis, Flverly, Gayde-Stephan, Sabine, Gorzolla, Heike, Kramer, Bianca, Minschke, Rebecca, Schrader, Christoph, Tacik, Pawel, Ribbat, Michael, Longinus, Bernhard, Lüsebrink, Antje, Mühlau, Mark, Peinemann, Alexander, Städtler, Michael, Weindl, Adolf, Winkelmann, Juliane, Ziegler, Cornelia, Bechtel, Natalie, Beckmann, Heike, Bohlen, Stefan, Göpfert, Nicole, Hölzner, Eva, Reilmann, Ralf, Rohm, Stefanie, Rumpf, Silke, Schepers, Sigrun, Weber, Nathalia, Bachmeier, Michael, Dose, Matthia, Hofstetter, Nina, Marquard, Ralf, Mühlbäck, Alzbeta, Barth, Katrin, Buck, Andrea, Connemann, Julia, Ecker, Daniel, Geitner, Carolin, Held, Christine, Kesse, Andrea, Landwehrmeyer, Bernhard, Lezius, Franziska, Nepper, Solveig, Niess, Anke, Schneider, Ariane, Schwenk, Daniela, Süssmuth, Sigurd, Trautmann, Sonja, Vogel, Melanie, Weydt, Patrick, Musacchio, Thoma, Leypold, 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Phillips, Michelle, Powell, Kingsley, Biunno, Ida, Bronzova, Juliana, Giuliano, Joe, Handley, Olivia J., Illarioshkin, Sergey, Illmann, Torsten, Levey, Jamie, Mclean, Tim, Koivisto, Susana Pro, Päivärinta, Markku, Uhrova, Tereza, Betz, Sabrina, Come, Adrien, Capodarca, Selene, Charpentier, Sébastien, Da Silva, Wildson Vieira, DI Renzo, Martina, Finisterra, Ana Maria, Genoves, Camille, Gilling, Mette, Hvalstedt, Carina, Koppers, Kerstin, Lamanna, Claudia, Laurá, Matilde, Münkel, Kristina, Mütze, Lisanne, Oehmen, Martin, Padieu, Helene, Paterski, Laurent, Rindal, Beate, Røren, Niini, Šašinková, Pavla, Seliverstov, Yury, Timewell, Erika, Witjes-Ané, Marie-Noelle, Yudina, Elizaveta, Zielonka, Eugeniusz, Albanese, Alberto (ORCID:0000-0002-5864-0006), and Bentivoglio, Anna Rita (ORCID:0000-0002-9663-095X)

Abstract

Background: People with Huntington's disease (HD) have been observed to have lower rates of cancers. Objective: To investigate the relationship between age of onset of HD, CAG repeat length, and cancer diagnosis. Methods: Data were obtained from the European Huntington's disease network REGISTRY study for 6540 subjects. Population cancer incidence was ascertained from the GLOBOCAN database to obtain standardised incidence ratios of cancers in the REGISTRY subjects. Results: 173/6528 HD REGISTRY subjects had had a cancer diagnosis. The age-standardised incidence rate of all cancers in the REGISTRY HD population was 0.26 (CI 0.22-0.30). Individual cancers showed a lower age-standardised incidence rate compared with the control population with prostate and colorectal cancers showing the lowest rates. There was no effect of CAG length on the likelihood of cancer, but a cancer diagnosis within the last year was associated with a greatly increased rate of HD onset (Hazard Ratio 18.94, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Cancer is less common than expected in the HD population, confirming previous reports. However, this does not appear to be related to CAG length in HTT. A recent diagnosis of cancer increases the risk of HD onset at any age, likely due to increased investigation following a cancer diagnosis.

Published
2018

49. Interleaved group products

Author

Gowers, W. T., Viola, Emanuele, Gowers, W. T., and Viola, Emanuele

Abstract

Let $G$ be the special linear group $\mathrm{SL}(2,q)$. We show that if $(a_1,\ldots,a_t)$ and $(b_1,\ldots,b_t)$ are sampled uniformly from large subsets $A$ and $B$ of $G^t$ then their interleaved product $a_1 b_1 a_2 b_2 \cdots a_t b_t$ is nearly uniform over $G$. This extends a result of the first author, which corresponds to the independent case where $A$ and $B$ are product sets. We obtain a number of other results. For example, we show that if $X$ is a probability distribution on $G^m$ such that any two coordinates are uniform in $G^2$, then a pointwise product of $s$ independent copies of $X$ is nearly uniform in $G^m$, where $s$ depends on $m$ only. Extensions to other groups are also discussed. We obtain closely related results in communication complexity, which is the setting where some of these questions were first asked by Miles and Viola. For example, suppose party $A_i$ of $k$ parties $A_1,\dots,A_k$ receives on its forehead a $t$-tuple $(a_{i1},\dots,a_{it})$ of elements from $G$. The parties are promised that the interleaved product $a_{11}\dots a_{k1}a_{12}\dots a_{k2}\dots a_{1t}\dots a_{kt}$ is equal either to the identity $e$ or to some other fixed element $g\in G$, and their goal is to determine which of the two the product is equal to. We show that for all fixed $k$ and all sufficiently large $t$ the communication is $\Omega(t \log |G|)$, which is tight. Even for $k=2$ the previous best lower bound was $\Omega(t)$. As an application, we establish the security of the leakage-resilient circuits studied by Miles and Viola in the "only computation leaks" model., Comment: 30 pages, to appear SICOMP FOCS special issue

Published
2018

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