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The coexistence of psychopathological symptoms with HIV / AIDS is associated with aggravation of their condition due to the likelihood of deviant behavior. The aim of the study – assessment of the likelihood of deviant behavior in HIV-positive patients with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders. A comprehensive clinical and psychodiagnostic examination of 114 HIV-infected patients with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders was conducted including clinical-diagnostic interviews, pathopsychological and experimental-psychological methods of investigation, including the method of Ch.D. Spielberger in modification of Yu.L. Hanin (STAI - State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) for assessing anxiety level, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) for assessing depression, SCL-90-R (Symptom Checklist 90-Revised) for assessing psychiatric symptoms. Statistical processing of the results was performed using descriptive and analytical methods implemented in the software STATISTICA 6.1 (StatSoftInc., Serial No. AGAR909E415822FA). Frequency and severity of depression and anxiety in HIV-infected persons is significant and by 3.4-4 times exceeds the corresponding in­dicators of a healthy Ukrainian population. Anxiety, depression, and other psychopathological symptoms according to SCL90-R scales (except for the obsessive-compulsive scale) are more pronounced in HIV-infected patients with destructive behavior than in patients without it. The chances of developing deviant behavior in HIV-infected persons with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders are increased at GSI>1 by 20.0 times (95% CI 5.63 - 71.07), in the presence of depressive symptoms – by 6.76 times (95% CI 2.16 – 21.18) and at a high level of personal anxiety – by 4.61 times (95% CI 2.05 - 10.40). Psychopathological symptoms of people with HIV status are characterized by high rates of depression and anxiety, somatization, paranoid ideas, interpersonal sensitivity. In patients with signs of deviant behavior, the severity of these disorders an

The coexistence of psychopathological symptoms with HIV / AIDS is associated with aggravation of their condition due to the likelihood of deviant behavior. The aim of the study – assessment of the likelihood of deviant behavior in HIV-positive patients with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders. A comprehensive clinical and psychodiagnostic examination of 114 HIV-infected patients with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders was conducted including clinical-diagnostic interviews, pathopsychological and experimental-psychological methods of investigation, including the method of Ch.D. Spielberger in modification of Yu.L. Hanin (STAI - State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) for assessing anxiety level, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) for assessing depression, SCL-90-R (Symptom Checklist 90-Revised) for assessing psychiatric symptoms. Statistical processing of the results was performed using descriptive and analytical methods implemented in the software STATISTICA 6.1 (StatSoftInc., Serial No. AGAR909E415822FA). Frequency and severity of depression and anxiety in HIV-infected persons is significant and by 3.4-4 times exceeds the corresponding in­dicators of a healthy Ukrainian population. Anxiety, depression, and other psychopathological symptoms according to SCL90-R scales (except for the obsessive-compulsive scale) are more pronounced in HIV-infected patients with destructive behavior than in patients without it. The chances of developing deviant behavior in HIV-infected persons with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders are increased at GSI>1 by 20.0 times (95% CI 5.63 - 71.07), in the presence of depressive symptoms – by 6.76 times (95% CI 2.16 – 21.18) and at a high level of personal anxiety – by 4.61 times (95% CI 2.05 - 10.40). Psychopathological symptoms of people with HIV status are characterized by high rates of depression and anxiety, somatization, paranoid ideas, interpersonal sensitivity. In patients with signs of deviant behavior, the severity of these disorders an

The coexistence of psychopathological symptoms with HIV / AIDS is associated with aggravation of their condition due to the likelihood of deviant behavior. The aim of the study – assessment of the likelihood of deviant behavior in HIV-positive patients with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders. A comprehensive clinical and psychodiagnostic examination of 114 HIV-infected patients with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders was conducted including clinical-diagnostic interviews, pathopsychological and experimental-psychological methods of investigation, including the method of Ch.D. Spielberger in modification of Yu.L. Hanin (STAI - State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) for assessing anxiety level, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) for assessing depression, SCL-90-R (Symptom Checklist 90-Revised) for assessing psychiatric symptoms. Statistical processing of the results was performed using descriptive and analytical methods implemented in the software STATISTICA 6.1 (StatSoftInc., Serial No. AGAR909E415822FA). Frequency and severity of depression and anxiety in HIV-infected persons is significant and by 3.4-4 times exceeds the corresponding in­dicators of a healthy Ukrainian population. Anxiety, depression, and other psychopathological symptoms according to SCL90-R scales (except for the obsessive-compulsive scale) are more pronounced in HIV-infected patients with destructive behavior than in patients without it. The chances of developing deviant behavior in HIV-infected persons with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders are increased at GSI>1 by 20.0 times (95% CI 5.63 - 71.07), in the presence of depressive symptoms – by 6.76 times (95% CI 2.16 – 21.18) and at a high level of personal anxiety – by 4.61 times (95% CI 2.05 - 10.40). Psychopathological symptoms of people with HIV status are characterized by high rates of depression and anxiety, somatization, paranoid ideas, interpersonal sensitivity. In patients with signs of deviant behavior, the severity of these disorders an

The coexistence of psychopathological symptoms with HIV / AIDS is associated with aggravation of their condition due to the likelihood of deviant behavior. The aim of the study – assessment of the likelihood of deviant behavior in HIV-positive patients with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders. A comprehensive clinical and psychodiagnostic examination of 114 HIV-infected patients with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders was conducted including clinical-diagnostic interviews, pathopsychological and experimental-psychological methods of investigation, including the method of Ch.D. Spielberger in modification of Yu.L. Hanin (STAI - State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) for assessing anxiety level, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) for assessing depression, SCL-90-R (Symptom Checklist 90-Revised) for assessing psychiatric symptoms. Statistical processing of the results was performed using descriptive and analytical methods implemented in the software STATISTICA 6.1 (StatSoftInc., Serial No. AGAR909E415822FA). Frequency and severity of depression and anxiety in HIV-infected persons is significant and by 3.4-4 times exceeds the corresponding in­dicators of a healthy Ukrainian population. Anxiety, depression, and other psychopathological symptoms according to SCL90-R scales (except for the obsessive-compulsive scale) are more pronounced in HIV-infected patients with destructive behavior than in patients without it. The chances of developing deviant behavior in HIV-infected persons with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders are increased at GSI>1 by 20.0 times (95% CI 5.63 - 71.07), in the presence of depressive symptoms – by 6.76 times (95% CI 2.16 – 21.18) and at a high level of personal anxiety – by 4.61 times (95% CI 2.05 - 10.40). Psychopathological symptoms of people with HIV status are characterized by high rates of depression and anxiety, somatization, paranoid ideas, interpersonal sensitivity. In patients with signs of deviant behavior, the severity of these disorders an

The coexistence of psychopathological symptoms with HIV / AIDS is associated with aggravation of their condition due to the likelihood of deviant behavior. The aim of the study – assessment of the likelihood of deviant behavior in HIV-positive patients with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders. A comprehensive clinical and psychodiagnostic examination of 114 HIV-infected patients with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders was conducted including clinical-diagnostic interviews, pathopsychological and experimental-psychological methods of investigation, including the method of Ch.D. Spielberger in modification of Yu.L. Hanin (STAI - State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) for assessing anxiety level, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) for assessing depression, SCL-90-R (Symptom Checklist 90-Revised) for assessing psychiatric symptoms. Statistical processing of the results was performed using descriptive and analytical methods implemented in the software STATISTICA 6.1 (StatSoftInc., Serial No. AGAR909E415822FA). Frequency and severity of depression and anxiety in HIV-infected persons is significant and by 3.4-4 times exceeds the corresponding in­dicators of a healthy Ukrainian population. Anxiety, depression, and other psychopathological symptoms according to SCL90-R scales (except for the obsessive-compulsive scale) are more pronounced in HIV-infected patients with destructive behavior than in patients without it. The chances of developing deviant behavior in HIV-infected persons with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders are increased at GSI>1 by 20.0 times (95% CI 5.63 - 71.07), in the presence of depressive symptoms – by 6.76 times (95% CI 2.16 – 21.18) and at a high level of personal anxiety – by 4.61 times (95% CI 2.05 - 10.40). Psychopathological symptoms of people with HIV status are characterized by high rates of depression and anxiety, somatization, paranoid ideas, interpersonal sensitivity. In patients with signs of deviant behavior, the severity of these disorders an

The coexistence of psychopathological symptoms with HIV / AIDS is associated with aggravation of their condition due to the likelihood of deviant behavior. The aim of the study – assessment of the likelihood of deviant behavior in HIV-positive patients with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders. A comprehensive clinical and psychodiagnostic examination of 114 HIV-infected patients with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders was conducted including clinical-diagnostic interviews, pathopsychological and experimental-psychological methods of investigation, including the method of Ch.D. Spielberger in modification of Yu.L. Hanin (STAI - State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) for assessing anxiety level, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) for assessing depression, SCL-90-R (Symptom Checklist 90-Revised) for assessing psychiatric symptoms. Statistical processing of the results was performed using descriptive and analytical methods implemented in the software STATISTICA 6.1 (StatSoftInc., Serial No. AGAR909E415822FA). Frequency and severity of depression and anxiety in HIV-infected persons is significant and by 3.4-4 times exceeds the corresponding in­dicators of a healthy Ukrainian population. Anxiety, depression, and other psychopathological symptoms according to SCL90-R scales (except for the obsessive-compulsive scale) are more pronounced in HIV-infected patients with destructive behavior than in patients without it. The chances of developing deviant behavior in HIV-infected persons with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders are increased at GSI>1 by 20.0 times (95% CI 5.63 - 71.07), in the presence of depressive symptoms – by 6.76 times (95% CI 2.16 – 21.18) and at a high level of personal anxiety – by 4.61 times (95% CI 2.05 - 10.40). Psychopathological symptoms of people with HIV status are characterized by high rates of depression and anxiety, somatization, paranoid ideas, interpersonal sensitivity. In patients with signs of deviant behavior, the severity of these disorders an

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) can be transmitted from mother to child and can be congenital or postnatally acquired. Emerging evidence has shown that CMV and other congenital and neonatal infections, are under-appreciated causes of morbidity and mortality in African children. Research regarding the mortality rate and characteristics of CMV infected infants, specifically in a population with high HIV prevalence, is limited. Objective: The primary objectives of the study were to establish the mortality rate and final outcomes of inpatients with a positive CMV test. Secondary objectives were to determine the demographical, clinical and laboratory characteristics of these infants, as well as maternal characteristics. Tertiary objectives were to describe the special investigations, morbidity, complications and management of these infants. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive study was conducted by reviewing hospital records of infants younger than 12 months, who had a positive CMV test and were admitted to the academic hospitals in Bloemfontein, South Africa. Results: Inpatient mortality for CMV infected infants was 13.3% (18 of 135 patients). 66.6% (12/18) of patients who died were HIV exposed and 33.3% (6/18) had CMV/HIV co-infection. The most common causes of death were sepsis (38.9%), pneumonia/pneumonitis (33.3%) and multi-organ failure (11.2%). 60.7% (82/135) of all CMV positive infants were HIV exposed and 20.7% (28/135) were HIV infected. 55.6% had a birth weight of less than 2,5 kg and were preterm, and 33.3% were small for gestational age. 5.9% were classified as congenital CMV and 94.1% as postnatally acquired. The most common clinical presentations were CMV pneumonia/pneumonitis (60%) and hepatomegaly (50.4%). Thrombocytopenia was a common finding (41.5%). 33.3% of infants had intra-uterine growth restriction and postnatal growth was suboptimal in 62.2%; 25.2% were underweight, and 37% of infants had failure to thrive. Microcephaly was present at birth i

The coexistence of psychopathological symptoms with HIV / AIDS is associated with aggravation of their condition due to the likelihood of deviant behavior. The aim of the study – assessment of the likelihood of deviant behavior in HIV-positive patients with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders. A comprehensive clinical and psychodiagnostic examination of 114 HIV-infected patients with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders was conducted including clinical-diagnostic interviews, pathopsychological and experimental-psychological methods of investigation, including the method of Ch.D. Spielberger in modification of Yu.L. Hanin (STAI - State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) for assessing anxiety level, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) for assessing depression, SCL-90-R (Symptom Checklist 90-Revised) for assessing psychiatric symptoms. Statistical processing of the results was performed using descriptive and analytical methods implemented in the software STATISTICA 6.1 (StatSoftInc., Serial No. AGAR909E415822FA). Frequency and severity of depression and anxiety in HIV-infected persons is significant and by 3.4-4 times exceeds the corresponding in­dicators of a healthy Ukrainian population. Anxiety, depression, and other psychopathological symptoms according to SCL90-R scales (except for the obsessive-compulsive scale) are more pronounced in HIV-infected patients with destructive behavior than in patients without it. The chances of developing deviant behavior in HIV-infected persons with non-psychotic psychiatric disorders are increased at GSI>1 by 20.0 times (95% CI 5.63 - 71.07), in the presence of depressive symptoms – by 6.76 times (95% CI 2.16 – 21.18) and at a high level of personal anxiety – by 4.61 times (95% CI 2.05 - 10.40). Psychopathological symptoms of people with HIV status are characterized by high rates of depression and anxiety, somatization, paranoid ideas, interpersonal sensitivity. In patients with signs of deviant behavior, the severity of these disorders an

Relationships between vitamin D, lipids, HIV infection, and HIV treatment (±antiretroviral therapy [ART]) were investigated with Women's Interagency HIV Study data (n = 1758 middle-aged women) using multivariable regression. Sixty-three percent of women had vitamin D deficiency. Median 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH vitamin D) was highest in HIV-infected + ART-treated women (17 ng/mL; P < .001) and was the same in HIV-uninfected or HIV-infected women without ART (14 ng/mL). Vitamin D levels were lower if efavirenz (EFV) was included in ART (15 versus 19 ng/mL; P < .001). The most common lipid abnormality was high triglycerides (≥200 mg/dL) in HIV-infected + ART-treated women (13% versus 7% of HIV-infected without ART and 5% of HIV-uninfected; P < .001), with a positive relationship between 25-OH vitamin D and triglycerides (95% confidence interval 0.32-1.69; P < .01). No relationships between 25-OH vitamin D and cholesterol were detected. Vitamin D deficiency is common irrespective of HIV status but influenced by HIV treatment. Similarly, vitamin D levels were positively related to triglycerides only in ART-treated HIV-infected women and unrelated to cholesterol.

Introduction Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-containing regimens in the treatment of HIV-infected children have safety concerns with respect to renal and bone toxicity. Objective The aim of this study was to systematically review and critically appraise the literature relating to the reported renal and bone adverse effects of TDF-based regimens in the treatment of HIV-infected children from 2 to 19 years old. Methods Searches were performed using the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), MEDLINE, Ovid SP, Science Direct and Web of Science databases and platforms. All primary studies involving tenofovir use in HIV-infected children were sought. Studies that involved the use of TDF for pre-and post-exposure prophylaxis, and treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection were excluded. Data on study characteristics, participant’s characteristics, therapeutic intervention and adverse effects were extracted using a piloted tool. In addition, pharmacovigilance data from the WHO Adverse Reaction database were included. Results We identified 19 studies that reported the presence of renal and bone adverse effects of TDF and these included a total of 1100 study participants. The reports were in distinctly heterogeneous participant groups. A total of 287 renal and bone adverse effects were reported (250 renal and 37 bone adverse effects). Approximately 238 (21.6 %) participants were affected by these adverse effects. Of these, 15 participants stopped their TDF-containing regimen due to these adverse effects. In addition, the pharmacovigilance data from the WHO Adverse Reaction database reported 101 renal and bone adverse effects for patients whose indication was HIV/AIDS. Conclusion This systematic review summarises the reports of renal and bone adverse effects of a TDF-containing regimen in the treatment of HIV-infected children. Our findings suggest that the benefits of using TDF in

Introduction Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-containing regimens in the treatment of HIV-infected children have safety concerns with respect to renal and bone toxicity. Objective The aim of this study was to systematically review and critically appraise the literature relating to the reported renal and bone adverse effects of TDF-based regimens in the treatment of HIV-infected children from 2 to 19 years old. Methods Searches were performed using the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), MEDLINE, Ovid SP, Science Direct and Web of Science databases and platforms. All primary studies involving tenofovir use in HIV-infected children were sought. Studies that involved the use of TDF for pre-and post-exposure prophylaxis, and treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection were excluded. Data on study characteristics, participant’s characteristics, therapeutic intervention and adverse effects were extracted using a piloted tool. In addition, pharmacovigilance data from the WHO Adverse Reaction database were included. Results We identified 19 studies that reported the presence of renal and bone adverse effects of TDF and these included a total of 1100 study participants. The reports were in distinctly heterogeneous participant groups. A total of 287 renal and bone adverse effects were reported (250 renal and 37 bone adverse effects). Approximately 238 (21.6 %) participants were affected by these adverse effects. Of these, 15 participants stopped their TDF-containing regimen due to these adverse effects. In addition, the pharmacovigilance data from the WHO Adverse Reaction database reported 101 renal and bone adverse effects for patients whose indication was HIV/AIDS. Conclusion This systematic review summarises the reports of renal and bone adverse effects of a TDF-containing regimen in the treatment of HIV-infected children. Our findings suggest that the benefits of using TDF in