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Balkan Peninsula is considered dispersion route of grasspea into Europe, leaving rich diversity of grasspea in this geographic area. Grasspea was familiar in Serbian agriculture throughout the centuries; however, nowadays it is only grown on small acreages. In the last decade, there have been attempts of the grasspea reintroduction in Serbia and other Western Balkan countries. One of the factors that limit the use of grasspea is the presence of anti-nutritional factors, including protease inhibitors (PI) - trypsin and chymotrypsin. On the other hand, we started to explore the possible role of protease inhibitors in seed protection against bean weevil (Acanthoscelides obtectus), as the most devastating and limiting factor in legume production, including grasspea. Therefore, the main goals of this research are (1) to determine the content of chymotrypsin inhibitor (CI) activity in seeds of 12 grasspea accessions and (2) to examine the suitability of grasspea in relation to other two legumes (common bean and faba bean) as the feeding medium for the development and population growth of the bean weevil. CI activity ranged from 5.7 CUI/mg to 16.3 CUI/mg, with medium of 13.3 CUI/mg for the analyzed collection. Further, the lowest total number of bean weevils emerged from faba bean, while the population growth of the bean weevil was the highest on common bean, followed by grasspea. These are preliminary results of larger research, which will focus on a role of protease inhibitors in protection of legumes to bean weevil and possibility of PIs to be used in the production of bioinsecticide. The correlation between these two parameters will be done in ongoing research.

NS Anka, sorta boranije, priznata je rešenjem Ministarstva poljoprivrede, šumarstva i vodprivrede - Uprava za zaštitu bilja, broj 320-04-2161/2/2022-11 u 2024. godini.

Variation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) core collection was assessed based on the main nutritive and bioactive components. Nutritional profile was described for each cultivar and landrace. Protein content was in the familiar range for common bean (19.6-31.6%). Detected variability for potassium, sulphur, iron and zinc was 7.78, 16.7, 14.99, and 40.17%, respectively. Total phenolic content ranged from 1.8 to 14.1 mg GAE /g DW, with high variation (CV = 41.3%). Likewise, antioxidant tests DPPH, ABTS and FRAP had high, genotype-based, CV in range 29-46%. With the application of PCA and cluster analysis, better insight in underlying germplasm structure was acknowledged, as well accession’s grouping based on the studied traits. Cultivars Vulkan and Panonski tetovac, breeding line HR45, landraces L24, L92, L119, L120, and L125 had larger amounts of iron, nitrogen, and proteins. Elevated phenolic content was observed in cultivars Balkan and Spinel, as well as landraces L19, L29, L41 and L60. In addition, cultivar Royal Dutch was recognized for higher levels of zinc, and higher antioxidant capacity revealed by DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. Therefore, these tests could be used in the selection of the accessions for breeding for nutritive quality enhancing.

Food authenticity has become one of the most popular topics in the world, especially in Europe. Due to their richness in proteins, fiber, carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins, legumes are very important for human diet. However, legume authenticity is still an unexplored area. The aim of this work was to differentiate faba bean and grass pea samples based on free amino acid composition. Free amino acids were extracted from the legume samples and derivatized using ethyl chloroformate (ECF). A GC-MS analysis (gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry) of the prepared samples was performed and the obtained chromatograms were processed in terms to identify eluting amino acids. Peak surface areas of the identified compounds were collected into a data matrix. The data matrix was created for further data processing. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), as a multivariate statistic tools, were applied to the data matrix to differentiate the legume samples. Dendrogram with the similarity level of 0.5, obtained by hierarchical cluster analysis, demonstrates clear separation of faba bean and grass pea samples into two clusters. Similarity level of faba bean cluster was about 0.67, while similarity level of grass pea cluster was about 0.71. Principal component analysis was employed to create a 3D PCA score plot that enabled distinguishing of the analysed legume samples. Grass pea samples were clustered together in the second octant of the 3D PCA score plot, completely separated from faba bean samples. Considering the obtained results, proposed method for differentiation of faba bean and grass pea shows a great potential in legume authentication based on free amino acid composition.

Legumes have a great importance in human diet due to their richness in proteins, fibers, carbohydrates and minerals. Moreover, legumes do not contain gluten, so their application is very wide lately. The aim of this paper was to develop a legume authentication method based on sugar composition. Two legume species were included in this research: snap bean (4 samples, 1-4) and faba bean (8 samples, 5-12). Before sugar extraction, lipids needed to be removed from the samples using solvent n-hexane for triple extraction of liposoluble compounds. Further, methanol was used as a solvent for extraction of sugars from the samples. Derivatization of the sugar compounds was performed using reagent trimethylsilyl-imidazole (TMSI). A GC-MS (gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry) analysis was performed and the obtained chromatograms were processed in term to identify the eluting compounds. Peak surface areas of identified sugar compounds were collected into a data matrix for further multivariate analysis. By performing hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), a similarity dendrogram was obtained. Faba bean samples are grouped together in the same cluster with the similarity level of about 0.7. On the other hand, snap bean samples 1-3 are clustered together with the similarity level of also about 0.7, while snap bean sample 4 is an outlier showing the least similarity to all other analyzed samples. This sugar composition based method exhibits a strong potential in developing procedures for legume authentication.

Grain legumes, including the grass pea (Lathyrus sativus) and the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), represent an inexpensive source of protein. However, they contain a number of antinutritional compounds, including protease inhibitors, which impair the availability of nutrients. The objective of this study was to identify and validate functional DNA markers associated with trypsin inhibitor genes in grass pea and common bean germplasm. The suitability of nine DNA markers for PCR amplification was evaluated under a range of temperature conditions and reaction mixtures in order to identify the optimal methodology. The trypsin inhibition genes Sas1 and Lat2_BBI were identified as species-specific only to the genome of Lathyrus sativus, while Sas2, Pas1, Pas2, Lat1_BBI, P_BBI, P_KTI and G1_KTI were found to be transferable and polymorphic between the genomes of Phaseolus vulgaris and Lathyrus sativus. The methodology developed will facilitate the routine analysis of these markers in the aforementioned grain legume germplasm., Zrna mahunarki, uključujući sastricu (Lathirus sativus) i obični pasulj (Phaseolus vulgaris), predstavljaju jeftin izvor proteina. Međutim, sadrže niz antinutritivnih jedinjenja, uključujući inhibitore proteaze, koji smanjuju dostupnost hranljivih materija. Cilj ove studije je bio da se identifikuju i validiraju funkcionalni DNK markeri povezani sa genima inhibitora tripsina u germplazmi graška i pasulja. Pogodnost devet DNK markera za PCR amplifikaciju je procenjena u nizu temperaturnih uslova i reakcionih smeša kako bi se identifikovala optimalna metodologija. Geni inhibicije tripsina Sas1 i Lat2_BBI identifikovani su kao specifični samo za genom Lathirus sativus, dok je za Sas2, Pas1, Pas2, Lat1_BBI, P_BBI, P_KTI i G1_KTI utvrđeno da su prenosivi i polimorfni između genoma vrusulga Phiseolus Lathirus. sativus. Razvijena metodologija će olakšati rutinsku analizu ovih markera u prethodno pomenutoj germplazmi mahunarki.

Peas (Pisum sativum L.) play a pivotal role in sustainable agriculture, due to their nitrogen-fixing abilities and their nutritional value as a source of protein. This study examined the phenotypic traits of pea genotypes under a range of environmental conditions and identified significant variations. The analysis yielded several noteworthy correlations, including a strong positive relationship between seed yield per plant and thousand seed weight, and a significant negative correlation between seed yield and protein content. These findings inverse the complexity of genotype-environment interactions and the necessity of considering multiple traits to optimise pea productivity and sustainability., Grašak (Pisum sativum L.) ima ključnu ulogu u održivoj poljoprivredi, zahvaljujući svojoj sposobnosti fiksacije azota i visokoj nutritivnoj vrednosti kao izvor proteina. U ovom istraživanju analizirane su fenotipske osobine genotipova graška u različitim agroekološkim uslovima, pri čemu su identifikovane značajne varijacije. Analizom je ustanovljeno nekoliko značajnih korelacija, uključujući jaku pozitivnu korelaciju između prinosa semena po biljci i mase hiljadu semena, kao i značajnu negativnu korelaciju između prinosa semena i sadržaja proteina. Ovi rezultati ističu složenost interakcija genotip-okolina i potrebu za analiziranjem više osobina kako bi se optimizovala produktivnost i održivost proizvodnje graška.

Autori u radu razmatraju problematiku kontrole razmnožavanja i prodaje kućnih ljubimaca kroz analizu postojećeg normativnog okvira, ukazivanjem na problematična rešenja, praznine i kontradiktornosti i s tim u vezi praktične posledice neadekvatne uređenosti ove oblasti. Razmnožavanje kućnih ljubimaca se analizira na nekoliko načina. S jedne strane, ukazuje se na sporna rešenja u vezi sa reprodukcijom kućnih ljubimaca kojom mogu da se bave i vlasnici, odnosno držaoci kućnih ljubimaca, dok se s druge strane kritički razmatra pitanje regulisanosti razmnožavanja životinja u odgajivačnicama životinja. U vezi sa tim, autori ističu veliki problem neregistrovanih (nelegalnih) odgajivačnica. Autori se u radu bave i prodajom kućnih ljubimaca koja takođe nije na zadovoljavajući način normativno uređena, pri čemu se i u tom segmentu u praksi uočava niz problema, poput postojanja tzv. pet šopova koji prodaju pojedine vrste životinja bez potrebnih dozvola za tu delatnost. Poseban osvrt autori čine u pogledu pitanja kontrole razmnožavanja i prodaje kunića kao kućnih ljubimaca s obzirom na to da su veoma rasprostranjeni kao kućni lju bimci, ali nedovoljno prepoznati u normativnim rešenjima u ovoj oblasti.

NS Šareni, sorta pasulja, je realizovana u Srbiji otpremnicom br. PO24-00505 od 12.04.2024. godine.

Research endeavors focused on examining genetic diversity play a pivotal role in advancing agricultural practices, as they furnish valuable insights for breeding programs and the preservation of germplasm. Wheat holds significant global importance as a cereal crop, serving as a primary source of sustenance for almost one-third of the global human population. In the current study, a total of 80 bread wheat genotypes were characterized using the start codon targeted (SCoT) marker system. A set of 14 polymorphic primers yielded a cumulative count of 399 bands with an average of 28.05 bands per primer. The range of diversity markers, such as polymorphism information content (0.26–0.59), effective numbers of alleles (1.27–1.59), Shannon’s information index (0.30–0.51), and gene diversity (0.18–0.34), provided evidence of elevated genetic differences within the examined germplasm. According to the findings of the molecular variance analysis, greater genetic variations are found within populations (92%). The model-based structural approach partitioned the 80 bread wheat genotypes into two distinct populations (Population A and B). The diversity indices based on the structures of the populations revealed that population A had greater diversity compared to population B. Both the principal coordinate analysis and the neighbor-joining analysis also differentiated the 80 different bread wheat genotypes based on their respective collection points. The present crop diversity offers great opportunities for enhancing crop quality and increasing tolerance to environmental challenges, both of which will lead to a reduction in the problem of food insecurity.

NS Šareni, sorta pasulja priznata rešenjem Ministarstva spoljne trgovine i ekonomskih odnosa Bosne i Hercegovine broj: UP-I-07-28-1-531/2023 od 11.07.2023.

In Serbia, common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production largely relies on improved commercial cultivars; however, many farmers still grow and maintain landraces. Productivity assessment of common bean landraces from Serbia may enrich knowledge of bean diversity from Western Balkans, Europe and worldwide. The study aims were to describe the underlying structure of a selected set of landraces and commercial cultivars of common bean, identify relatedness of accessions, and determine breeding values. Substantial variation in productivity was observed for bean landraces, with differences among gene pools and seed forms, revealing their agronomic value. Acknowledged structure of agronomic traits and recognised stratification will assist in multilevel organisation of common bean breeding programs.

Uvod: Glavnim problemom u upravljanju esencijalnom hipertenzijom smatra se adherencija prema antihipertenzivnoj terapiji. U Srbiji, uprkos visokoj prevalenciji esencijalne hipertenzije, istraživanja sprovedena u ovoj oblasti nisu dovoljna da se identifikuje status adherencije. Ciljevi istraživanja su: 1) odrediti i uporediti adhrenciju metodom brojanja tableta i putem upitnika; 2) odrediti i uporediti znanje o esencijalnoj hipertenziji i kvalitet života; 3) ispitati povezanost znanja o esencijalnoj hipertenziji na vrednosti krvnog pritiska, adherenciju i kvalitet života; 4) odrediti i uporediti prediktore neadherencije kod pacijenata sa esencijalnom hipertenzijom u dvema sredinama sa različitim nivoima zdravstvene zaštite. Materijal i metode: Istraživanje obuhvata ispitanike sa dijagnozom esencijalne arterijske hipertenzije, starosti preko 20 godina, iz dva istraživačka mesta: iz opštine Bačke Topole, gde se zdravstvena usluga pruža na primarnom nivou, i u opštini Sombor, gde se pored primarnog, zdravstvena zaštita pacijentima pruža i na sekundarnom nivou. Tokom istraživanja određena je adherencija prema antihipertenzivnoj terapiji pomoću dve metode, ispitano je znanje o esencijalnoj hipertenziji i kvalitet života ispitanika pomoću validiranih upitnika. Istraživanje je sprovedeno u periodu od 1. 7. 2019. do 30. 04. 2020. godine. Rezultati: Adherencija određivana metodom brojanja tableta iznosila je 39,6%, a merena primenom upitnika 27,4%. Nije bilo statistički značajne razlike u učestalosti adherencije ispitanika između dve sredine sa različitim nivoima zdravstvene zaštite. Prosečno znanje o esencijalnoj hipertenziji imalo je 57,1% ispitanika. Kvalitet života svih ispitanika bio je ispod prosečnog (PCS = 40,5; MCS = 44,3). Ispitanici iz sredine sa sekundarnom nivom zdravstvene zaštite imali su statistički niži stepen znanja o esencijalnoj hipertenziji i niže vrednosti dimenzije kvaliteta života u odnosu na ispitanike iz sredine sa primarnim nivoom zdravstvene zaštit, Introduction: Adherence to antihypertensive therapy is the main problem in the management of essential hypertension. In Serbia, despite the high prevalence of essential hypertension, the research conducted in this area is not sufficient to identify the adherence status. The objectives of the research are: To determine and compare: 1) adherence by pill count and questionnaire; 2) knowledge about essential hypertension and quality of life; 3) examine the connection of knowledge about essential hypertension to blood pressure values, adherence and quality of life; 4) determine and compare predictors of non-adherence in patients with essential hypertension in two study place with different levels of health care. Material and methods: The research included respondents with a diagnosis of essential arterial hypertension, aged over 20 years, from two study place: from the municipality of Bačka Topola, where health services are provided at the primary level, and in the municipality of Sombor, where, in addition to the primary level, health care for patients with essential hypertension, health care is also provided at the secondary level. During the research, the adherence to mantihypertensive therapy was determined using two methods, the knowledge about essential hypertension and the quality of life of the respondents were examined using a questionnaire. The research was conducted in the period from July 1st, 2019. until April 30th, 2020. Results: Adherence determined by the pill count was 39.6%, and measured by the questionnaire was 27.4%. There was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of respondents' adherence between the two study place with different levels of health care. 57.1% of all respondents had average knowledge about essential hypertension. The quality of life of all respondents was below average (PCS= 40.5; MCS=44.3). Respondents from the study place with a secondary level of health care had a statistically lower level of knowledge about ess

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most prevailing heritable cardiomyopathy. HCM is diagnosed by the existence of left ventricular hypertrophy despite the lack of abnormal loading conditions causing it. HCM is a heterogeneous disease regarding genetic mutations. Clinical manifestations and prognosis vary widely as well. Some patients are completely asymptomatic, in some others, severe heart failure and sudden cardiac death may arise. Definitive genotype-phenotype associations are still unknown. Machine learning (ML) is a subdiscipline of artificial intelligence, wherein computer algorithms are used for learning complex patterns from data. The aim of this research was to decipher genotype-phenotype associations in HCM using ML. The study was multi-centric and retroprospective, and involved 143 adult HCM patients. Medical and family history, anthropometric measurements, genetic testing, blood markers, transthoracic echocardiography with Doppler, cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), ECG and ECG-holter-monitoring data were collected and further analysed. HCM subphenotypes were identified using clustering. Associations of genotype and phenotype were evaluated used Python modules Scikit-learn and SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP). Genotype-specific echocardiogram findings were identified using Python deep learning (DL) and computer vision library Fast AI, by generation of DL models for classification of ultrasonic images, and later analysis of the most decisive image regions. Four HCM subtypes were identified based on the overall phenotypic appearance: cluster 0 (“AHOLD”), distinguishable by aortic root diameter (AO) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), with values mostly AO > 30 mm, and LDH > 300 U/L; cluster 1 (“RVSP ASCAOVS”), distinguishable by right ventricle systolic pressure (RVSP), diameter of ascending aorta (AscAO), and aortic leaflet separation diameter (AOvs), with the values of RVSP < 28 mmHg, AscAO < 31 mm, and AOvs > 27 m/s; cluster 2 (“weight”), re, Hipertrofična kardiomiopatija (HCM) je najčešća nasledna kardiomiopatija. Dijagnoza HCM se postavlja na osnovu prisustva hipertrofije leve komore, uz isključivanje drugih uzroka hipertrofije. U pogledu genetičkih mutacija, HCM je heterogena bolest. Kliničke manifestacije i prognoza takođe mogu da budu veoma različite. Kod nekih pacijenata HCM je potpuno asimptomatska, dok kod drugih mogu da se razviju teška srčana insuficijencija i iznenadna srčana smrt. Povezanost genotipa i fenotipa HCM još uvek nije u potpunosti utvrđena. Mašinsko učenje je subdisciplina veštačke inteligencije u kojoj se kompjuterski algoritmi koriste za učenje kompleksnih šablona iz podataka. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bilo utvrđivanje povezanosti genotipa i fenotipa HCM primenom mašinskog učenja. Studija je bila multicentrična i retroprospektivna, obuhvatila je 143 odrasla pacijenta sa potvrđenom dijagnozom HCM. Anamnestički podaci, antropometrijska merenja, rezultati genetičkog testiranja, biohemijskih analiza, nalazi transtorakalne ehokardiografije sa doplerom, kardiopulmonalnog testa fizičkim opterećenjem, elektrokardiograma (EKG) i EKG-holter-monitoringa su prikupljeni i korišćeni u daljoj analizi. HCM subfenotipi su identifikovani klasterizacijom. Povezanost genotipa i fenotipa je evaluirana korišćenjem Python modula Scikit-learn i SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP). Genotip-specifični nalazi ehokardiograma su identifikovani korišćenjem Python biblioteke za duboko učenje i računarski vid Fast AI, izradom modela za klasifikaciju ehokardiograma i naknadnom analizom regiona koji su najviše doprineli razlikovanju klasa. Četiri podtipa HCM su identifikovana na osnovu svih dostupnih podataka o fenotipu: klaster 0 (“AHOLD”), koji se razlikuje od ostalih na osnovu prečnika korena aorte (AO) i laktat dehidrogenaze (LDH), pri čemu su vrednosti AO > 30 mm i LDH > 300 U/L; klaster 1 (“RVSP ASCAOVS”), koji se razlikuje od ostalih na osnovu sistolnog pritiska desne komore (RVSP), dijametra ascedentne ao

Legumes are a rich source of valuable nutrients thus represent important component in human and animal nutrition. The most important and often a limiting factor in legume production is the presence of seed pests, such as the bean weevil Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say, 1831). This work tested the suitability of three different legume species (common bean, faba bean and grass pea), the species with a growing interest in the human diet, for the development of the bean weevil, aiming to provide a reliable forecast of its population growth. After four months, been weevils consumed the highest percentage of the common bean kernels (70.79%), followed by the grass pea (53.13%), and faba bean (0.42%). The progeny production and population growth were significantly affected by the tested legume species. After each month, the total number of adults was the highest on the common bean, indicating its best suitability for the weevil’s development. Based on the number of the emerged specimens after each month of the observation, the bean weevil development was unhampered and continuous also on the grass pea. The lowest number of emerged adults, in all observation periods, was in faba bean, indicating its low preference and suitability for the weevil’s development. The population growth of the bean weevil was the highest on the common bean, followed by grass pea, and it fitted best to the quadratic equation model that enabled the prediction of the population growth of the bean weevil for each legume species in the next generations., Leguminoze su višestruko značajne, jer predstavljaju dragocen izvor različitih nutrijenata u ljudskoj i životinjskoj ishrani. Njihovim uzgojem doprinosi se raznolikosti agroekosistema i pozicioniraju se kao klimatski prilagodljiv usev. Najvažniji ograničavajući faktor u proizvodnji leguminoza predstavljaju štetotočine zrna (semena), poput pasuljevog žiška Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say, 1831). U ovom radu ispitana je pogodnost tri različite leguminoze (pasulj, sastrica i bob) sa rastućom popularnošću u ljudskoj ishrani, za razviće i rast populacije pasuljevog žiška. S ciljem utvrđivanja pouzdanog modela za prognozu populacijskog rasta štetočine, rezultati su korišćeni u matematičkom modelovanju. Istraživanja pokazuju da je, posle četiri meseca, zrno pasulja konzumirano u najvišem procentu (70,79%), manje sastrice (53,13%) i najmanje zrna boba (0,42%). Na produkciju potomstva i rast populacije statistički značajno je uticala vrsta leguminoze u ishrani. Ukupan broj eklodiralih imaga, na kraju svakog meseca u eksperimentalnom periodu, bio je najveći na pasulju, što pokazuje pogodnost ove biljke hraniteljke za razviće insekta. Eklozija imaga ukazuje da je razviće moguće i na sastrici. Najmanji broj imaga je eklodirao na zrnima boba, što ukazuje na nisku preferentnost i nepogodnost za razviće ovog insekta. Rast populacije žiška najintenzivniji je na pasulju, pa na sastrici, što je u potpunosti podržano kvadratnim regresionim modelom, koji omogućava prognozu rasta populacije pasuljevog žiška u svakoj narednoj generaciji.

Legumes are a rich source of valuable nutrients thus represent important component in human and animal nutrition. The most important and often a limiting factor in legume production is the presence of seed pests, such as the bean weevil Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say, 1831). This work tested the suitability of three different legume species (common bean, faba bean and grass pea), the species with a growing interest in the human diet, for the development of the bean weevil, aiming to provide a reliable forecast of its population growth. After four months, been weevils consumed the highest percentage of the common bean kernels (70.79%), followed by the grass pea (53.13%), and faba bean (0.42%). The progeny production and population growth were significantly affected by the tested legume species. After each month, the total number of adults was the highest on the common bean, indicating its best suitability for the weevil’s development. Based on the number of the emerged specimens after each month of the observation, the bean weevil development was unhampered and continuous also on the grass pea. The lowest number of emerged adults, in all observation periods, was in faba bean, indicating its low preference and suitability for the weevil’s development. The population growth of the bean weevil was the highest on the common bean, followed by grass pea, and it fitted best to the quadratic equation model that enabled the prediction of the population growth of the bean weevil for each legume species in the next generations., Leguminoze su višestruko značajne, jer predstavljaju dragocen izvor različitih nutrijenata u ljudskoj i životinjskoj ishrani. Njihovim uzgojem doprinosi se raznolikosti agroekosistema i pozicioniraju se kao klimatski prilagodljiv usev. Najvažniji ograničavajući faktor u proizvodnji leguminoza predstavljaju štetotočine zrna (semena), poput pasuljevog žiška Acanthoscelides obtectus (Say, 1831). U ovom radu ispitana je pogodnost tri različite leguminoze (pasulj, sastrica i bob) sa rastućom popularnošću u ljudskoj ishrani, za razviće i rast populacije pasuljevog žiška. S ciljem utvrđivanja pouzdanog modela za prognozu populacijskog rasta štetočine, rezultati su korišćeni u matematičkom modelovanju. Istraživanja pokazuju da je, posle četiri meseca, zrno pasulja konzumirano u najvišem procentu (70,79%), manje sastrice (53,13%) i najmanje zrna boba (0,42%). Na produkciju potomstva i rast populacije statistički značajno je uticala vrsta leguminoze u ishrani. Ukupan broj eklodiralih imaga, na kraju svakog meseca u eksperimentalnom periodu, bio je najveći na pasulju, što pokazuje pogodnost ove biljke hraniteljke za razviće insekta. Eklozija imaga ukazuje da je razviće moguće i na sastrici. Najmanji broj imaga je eklodirao na zrnima boba, što ukazuje na nisku preferentnost i nepogodnost za razviće ovog insekta. Rast populacije žiška najintenzivniji je na pasulju, pa na sastrici, što je u potpunosti podržano kvadratnim regresionim modelom, koji omogućava prognozu rasta populacije pasuljevog žiška u svakoj narednoj generaciji.

Ideja ovoga rada je da prikaže osnovne rezultate sprovedene sveobuhvatne analize malih voda Save i Drine u zoni ušća Drine. U radu se prikazuju kvantitativne karakteristike malih voda koje se najčešće koriste kao podloga pri projektovanju većine vodoprivrednih i hidrotehničkih objekata. Posebno je detaljno analizirana dužina malovodnih perioda ispod repernih protoka - protoka određenih za izabrana trajanja sa krivih trajanja srednjih dnevnih protoka. Primenjen je novi pristup koji, pored klasične probabilističke analize minimalnih godišnjih i minimalnih srednjih mesečnih protoka, obuhvata i analizu dužina neprekidnih malovodnih perioda sa protocima manjim od protoka karakterističih trajanja, njihovu unutargodišnju raspodelu i zastupljenost. Bazni podaci koji su korišćeni za proračun malih voda su zvanični podaci Državnog hidrometeorološkog zavoda Hrvatske iz Zagreba (DHMZ) i Republičkog hidrometeorološkog zavoda Srbije iz Beograda (RHMZ) na hidrološkim stanicama (HS) Županja i Sremska Mitrovica na reci Savi i Radalj na reci Drini.

Pepper is one of the most important vegetable species in Serbia. The use of pepper fruits is very often determined by their type. Tomato-shaped pepper is a fruit type suitable for the pickle processing industry because of its thick pericarp. In this study, several lines of light-yellow tomato-shaped peppers were evaluated in the open field with the aim to develop new variety with appropriate fruit characteristics and without anthocyanin colouration. Eight of selected lines originated from two crosses while two lines originated from variety Novosađanka. Fruit weight, fruit length, fruit width, fruit index, pericarp thickness, number of locules, and Brix were measured in technological maturity. According to the obtained data, lines 17 and 24 will be used for further selection process. Line 17 was chosen because of the highest pericarp thickness and high fruit weight and line 24 because of the high content of total soluble solids., Paprika je jedna od najvažnijih povrtarskih vrsta u Srbiji. Upotreba plodova paprike je vrlo često određena tipom ploda. Paradajz paprika se dosta koristi za industrijsku preradu zbog debelog perikarpa, a i kao svež plod u salatama. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je da se ispita nekoliko linija paradajz paprika svetložute boje koje su gajene na otvorenom polju. U tehnološkoj zrelosti mereni su: masa ploda, dužina ploda, širina ploda, indeks ploda, debljina perikarpa, broj komora i suva materija. Prema dobijenim podacima, za dalji proces selekcije koristiće se linije 17 i 24. Linija 17 zbog najveće debljine perikarpa i mase ploda, a linija 24 zbog većeg sadržaja suve materije.

Селективни инхибитори сиртуина 2 (SIRT2) развијају се као потенцијални лекови у терапији неуродегенеративних обољења и у терапија канцера. Деривати никотинамида су једни од најселективнијих и најпотентнијих инхибитора SIRT2 описаних до данас., Selective sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) inhibitors are being developed as potential drugs in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. Nicotinamide derivatives are one of the most selective and potent inhibitors of SIRT2.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine any differences in ox- idative stress and inflammation parameters in COPD patients treated with either N-acetyl cys- teine (NAC) alone or with NAC in combination with propolis (NACP). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty COPD pa- tients in the exacerbation phase were enrolled into the study and were treated with either NAC (NAC group; n=20) or NACP (NACP group; n=20) twice daily for one month. Redox status was de - termined by measuring superoxide anion (O 2 .– ), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), total oxidative status (TOS), prooxidative-anti- oxidant balance (PAB), malondialdehyde (MDA), ischemia modified albumin (IMA) and sever- al other antioxidant markers: superoxide dis- mutase (SOD), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), total sulf- hydryl groups (SHG) and total antioxidant status (TAS). Interleukins 6, 8 and 17 were measured as markers of inflammatory status. RESULTS: Both groups had similar socio-de - mographic and clinical characteristics. Af- ter treatment significantly higher SHG [0.446 (0.395-0.516) vs. 0.292 (0.270-0.325), p<0.001] and significantly lower TOS – 50.6 [49.7-53.4 vs. 73.2 (50.9-84.6), p<0.05] – and IMA [0.650 (0.629-0.682) vs. 0.709 (0.667-0.756), p<0.05] – were found in the NACP group compared to the NAC group. Factorial analysis indicated a larger oxidative stress-inflammatory load in the NAC group after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: From an oxidative stress and inflammatory status perspective, treatment with NACP was more successful than with NAC. The inclusion of propolis into therapy for COPD patients, especially those in the exacerbation phase, could prove beneficial.

Seed as a highly-valuable resource is preserved in collections for many years. Although the seed is kept under optimal conditions, monitoring of germination and the presence of fungi during seed preservation is of great importance. Therefore the aim of this paper is to examine the seed health status and germination of 43 onion accessions kept in the timespan for 15 years in the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops collection. Germi­nation of seed samples varied from 7-93%. The presence of fungi in the collection was determined on 33 tested samples. Fungi from the genera Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Epicoccum, Fusarium and Penicillium were developed. The following Fusarium species identified on the seeds were F. proliferatum, F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. solani, F. pseudograminearum and F. equiseti. Based on factor analysis, Fusarium and Penicillium affected germination, while the occurrence of Alternaria species on onion seed is connected to the year of harvest., Seme je veoma važan resurs koji se čuva u kolekciji u višegodišnjem periodu. Iako se seme skladišti u optimalnim uslovima, veoma je važno pratiti klijavost i njegovo zdravstveno stanje. Cilj ovog rada je da se ispita zdravstveno stanje i klijavost četrdeset tri uzorka semena crnog luka, koji su čuvani u kolekciji Instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo 1–15 godina. Klijavost crnog luka varirala je u opsegu 7–93%. Na trideset tri uzorka je identifikovano prisustvo gljiva iz sedam rodova: Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Epicoccum, Fusarium i Penicillium. U okviru roda Fusarium utvrđeno je prisustvo vrsta F. proliferatum, F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. solani, F. pseudograminearum i F. equiseti. Na osnovu faktorske analize vrste koje su uticale na klijavost su Fusarium i Penicillium, dok je pojava vrsta iz roda Alternaria povezana sa godinom ubiranja semena.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine any differences in ox- idative stress and inflammation parameters in COPD patients treated with either N-acetyl cys- teine (NAC) alone or with NAC in combination with propolis (NACP). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty COPD pa- tients in the exacerbation phase were enrolled into the study and were treated with either NAC (NAC group; n=20) or NACP (NACP group; n=20) twice daily for one month. Redox status was de - termined by measuring superoxide anion (O 2 .– ), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), total oxidative status (TOS), prooxidative-anti- oxidant balance (PAB), malondialdehyde (MDA), ischemia modified albumin (IMA) and sever- al other antioxidant markers: superoxide dis- mutase (SOD), paraoxonase 1 (PON1), total sulf- hydryl groups (SHG) and total antioxidant status (TAS). Interleukins 6, 8 and 17 were measured as markers of inflammatory status. RESULTS: Both groups had similar socio-de - mographic and clinical characteristics. Af- ter treatment significantly higher SHG [0.446 (0.395-0.516) vs. 0.292 (0.270-0.325), p<0.001] and significantly lower TOS – 50.6 [49.7-53.4 vs. 73.2 (50.9-84.6), p<0.05] – and IMA [0.650 (0.629-0.682) vs. 0.709 (0.667-0.756), p<0.05] – were found in the NACP group compared to the NAC group. Factorial analysis indicated a larger oxidative stress-inflammatory load in the NAC group after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: From an oxidative stress and inflammatory status perspective, treatment with NACP was more successful than with NAC. The inclusion of propolis into therapy for COPD patients, especially those in the exacerbation phase, could prove beneficial.

Seed as a highly-valuable resource is preserved in collections for many years. Although the seed is kept under optimal conditions, monitoring of germination and the presence of fungi during seed preservation is of great importance. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to examine the seed health status and germination of forty-three onion accessions kept in the timespan of 15 years in the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops collection. Germination of seed samples varied from 7-93%. The presence of fungi in the collection was determined on thirty-three tested samples. Fungi from the genera Acremonium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Epicoccum, Fusarium and Penicillium were developed. The following Fusarium species identified on the seeds were F. proliferatum, F. graminearum, F. sporotrichoides, F. solani, F. pseudograminearum and F. equiseti. Based on factor analysis, Fusarium and Penicillium were the species which affected germination, while the occurrence of Alternaria species on onion seed is connected to the year of harvest.

Legumes represent a valuable source of proteins in human and animal nutrition, as well as of different nutrients. Also, they enable diversification of agroecosystems and can be considered climate smart crops. Therefore, they are gaining importance in both developed and developing countries. The most important, and often limiting factor in legume production is the presence of the bean weevil (Acanthoscelides obtectus). This work tested the suitability of three different legume species, i. e. common bean, grass pea and faba bean (two accessions of each species) with growing interest in human nutrition, for the development and population growth of this pest, with special emphasis on the levels of anti-nutritive compounds – trypsin inhibitors. The suitability was assessed based on the progeny production after each month. The development and progeny production were significantly affected by the legume species, but also by the accessions. The highest number of emerged adults was on common bean, while the lowest regardless on observation period, was on faba bean, indicating its low suitability for weevil development. Correlation analysis detected significant influence of the level of trypsin inhibitors on progeny production.

Store product pests often cause high qualitative and quantitative losses to seeds of agricultural plants during storage. Damages inflicted to a high category seed result in reduced germination that practically affects agricultural production. Therefore, it is important to control insect pests and mitigate losses in storages, but at the same time to preserve the germination potential of the seeds as well as their vitality and quality. Fumigation with CO2 is a biorational method used for controlling store product pests in a variety of commodities. Its insecticidal potential is well documented, however the information about the effect on seeds is lacking. In this work, we assessed the efficacy of CO2 fumigation and its effect on vitality (germination energy and germination) and quality (fatty acid composition) of sunflower and common bean seeds. CO2, (62, 93 and 96 %), was applied to sunflower seeds artificially infested with Plodia interpunctella larvae and common bean infested with Acanthoscelides obtectus adults, in gastight bags. The lowest concentration (62 %) caused total mortality (100 %) of P. interpunctella larvae after 7 days of exposure. The two highest CO2 concentrations caused relatively high mortality after two hours of exposure (81 and 86 %), while total mortality (100 %) was achieved after 24 h. The lowest concentration caused only 62.0 % mortality of A. obtectus after 24 h of exposure. In treatments with 93 and 96 % of CO2 mortality was 88 and 93 % after 24 h exposure, respectively. Fumigation with CO2, irrespective of concentrations, showed no adverse effect on seed germination of sunflower (97.0 to 99.5 % in all treatments) or common bean (91.3-95.3 %), or on the percentage of detectable fatty acids in sunflower seeds. However, varietal differences should be considered.

U zaštićenom prostoru u špaliru, gaji se ovaj hybrid svetlo zelenih plodova čija je prosečna dužina oko 20 cm i spreman je za prvu berbu već 25 dana od cvetanja (zametanja). Po sezoni može roditi 40-50 plodova po biljci. Plodovi iz tehnološki svetlo zelene boje prelaze u crvenu u punoj zrelosti. Preporučena je gustina od 5 biljaka po m². Za malo sitnije plodove može se saditi gušće, 6-7 biljaka po kvadratu., In a protected space in the trellis, this hybrid is grown with bright green fruits whose average length is about 20 cm and is ready for the first harvest already 25 days after flowering (settling). It can bear 40-50 fruits per plant per season. Fruits from a technologically light green colour turn to red at full maturity. A density of 5 plants per m² is recommended. Slightly smaller fruits can be planted more densely, with 6-7 plants per square.

Basil essential oil (BEO) contains a wide range of chemical compounds whose content may vary depending on chemotypes, environmental conditions, agronomic techniques and particularly the origin of the plant. In our present study, essential oils (EOs) were isolated by hydrodistillation method from dry herbs of three basil cultivars and analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Two of the tested cultivars belong to sweet basil group (B-1 and B-2) while the third one was large leafed 'Genovese' basil (B-3). EO content in the dry herb was 0.65%, 0.41% and 0.62% respectively. The main classes of compounds of B1EO and B3EO were sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (38.39% and 37.95%), oxygenated monoterpenes (25.44% and 28.04%) and phenylpropanoids (17.43% and 15.71%). The main constituents of both EOs were monoterpene alcohol linalool (13.68% and 15.38%), phenoyl derivate eugenol (10.83% and 8.97%) and sesquiterpene hydrocarbon alpha-bergamotene (8.12% and 9.25%). In both EOs, epi-bicyclosesquiphellandrene was detected in considerable amount (7.03% and 8.07%). The most abundant compound classes in B2EO were oxygenated monoterpenes (52.07%), sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (24.27%) and phenylpropanoids (10.95%). Linalool was the dominant compound (40.97%), followed by epi-bicyclosesquiphellandrene (8.70%) and methyl chavicol (7.92%). The results showed complex chemical composition of BEOs and pointed out the presence of biologically active compounds of importance for different branches of the pharmaceutical, chemical and food industry. Although there are differences in the chemical composition of the BEOs, the obtained results show that all of the tested cultivars are rich in compounds which are responsible for biological activities.

Planning and design of flood mitigation and protection measures are based on a probabilistic assessment of flood wave parameters. Defining the design floods on rivers is necessary for various engineering needs, where the need to determine the design water levels in order to design flood protection system, which includes facilities such as embankments, walls and the like, is the most prominent. For this purpose, the procedure of adopting the maximum river flow of a certain return period (flood wave peak) estimated on the basis of historical data on maximum annual flows has been established. If river reach include tributaries, such an approach cannot be justified, because at least two flows (mainstem and tributary) have to be considered. Accordingly, the complexity of flood occurrence and its assessment require the linking of marginal distributions of multiple variables in order to define a unique distribution law that describes the flood. The main aim of doctoral dissertation is twofold: to elaborate a procedure that will define the flood exceedance probability in the analyzed area within a multidimensional probability space and to develop a methodology for defining flood coincidence in the mainstem reach with its main tributaries and thus determine design floods in order to design the flood control system in the confluence area. Mathematical models are based on (1) two-dimensional probability distribution (PROIL model) and (2) the copula function (Archimedean class of copulas), and fitted to a practical application in a two-dimensional probability distribution space. In case of random variables, simultaneous quantitative characteristics of flood wave (flood flow) hydrographs for the mainstem and a tributary are considered. The paper discusses the specific reach of the Danube, from the Hungarian-Serbian border to the city of Smederevo, which encompasses three significant tributaries – the Drava, the Tisa, and the Sava.

NS Šareni je novostvorena sorta pasulja registrovana od strane Uprave za zaštitu bilja Ministarstva poljoprivrede, šumarstva i vodoprivrede Republike Srbije, broj rešenja 320-44-1946/2/2020-11, od 20.09.2021. godine.

Ideja ovoga rada je da prikaže osnovne rezultate sprovedene sveobuhvatne analize malih voda na teritoriji Republike Srbije, južno od Save i Dunava, preuzete iz buduće monografije „Proseĉni protoci i male vode na srednjim i malim slivovima Srbije”, ĉija je izrada u toku. Ovu monografiju zajedno realizuju Institut za vodoprivredu „Jaroslav Ĉerni” i Republiĉki hidrometeorološki zavod Srbije, uz uĉešće GraĊevinskog fakulteta iz Beograda i GraĊevinsko-arhitektonskog fakulteta iz Niša. U radu su prikazane kvantitativne karakteristike malih voda, koje se najĉešće koriste kao podloga u projektovanju većine vodoprivrednih i hidrotehniĉkih objekata, a pre svega za ocenu „minimalnog održivog protoka”, koji se po važećem Zakonu o vodama mora neprikosnoveno ostaviti u reci za potrebe održavanja biocenoze i zadovoljenje potreba nizvodnih korisnika. U konkretnom sluĉaju prikazuju se najbitniji rezultati ocene višegodišnjih proseka srednje godišnjeg protoka, krivih trajanja srednje dnevnih protoka i obezbeĊenosti minimalnih srednje meseĉnih protoka. Posebno su detaljno analizirani kvantitativni pokazatelji dužina malovodnih perioda ispod protoka sa odabranim trajanjem, odreĊenih sa krivih trajanja dnevnih protoka. Primenjen je novi prilaz koji obuhvata, pored klasiĉne probabilistiĉke analize minimalnih godišnjih i minimalnih srednjih meseĉnih protoka, i sveobuhvatnu analizu neprekidnih trajanja malih voda ispod protoka karakteristiĉnih trajanja, njihove unutargodišnje raspodele i procentualne zastupljenosti. Bazni podaci korišćeni pri izradi ove analize, zvaniĉni su podaci Republiĉkog hidrometeorološkog zavoda sa 82 profila hidroloških stanica na srednjim i malim slivovima na teritoriji Srbije, južno od Save i Dunava. Pri tome su korišćene sve raspoložive vremenske serije srednjednevnih i minimalnih godišnjih protoka. Periodi obrade su bili od poĉetka rada odreĊene hidrološke stanice, do zakljuĉno sa 2018. godinom., This paper presents main results of a comprehensive analysis of low flows on the territory of the Republic of Serbia, south of the Sava and the Danube rivers. The results are a part of the forthcoming book on “Mean and low flows in small and medium watersheds in Serbia”, which is under development. The book is being produced jointly by the “Jaroslav Černi” Institute for Water Resources Management and Republic Hydrometeo¬ro¬logical Service of Serbia with participation of the University of Belgrade – Faculty of Civil Engineering and University of Niš – Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture. The analysis deals with the quantitative characteristics of low flows that are commonly used for design in various water management and hydraulic engineering projects, but are also a starting point in estimating the “minimum sustainable flow”, which is, according to the current Water Act, the minimum flow in the rivers needed for maintaining the biocenosis and for satisfying the demands of downstream users. The main outcomes of the comprehensive low flow analysis presented in this paper are the long-term mean flow, duration of daily flows and probability of exceedance of minimum mean monthly flows. Additionally, special attention is given to quantitative indices of length of intervals with flow below the specified thresholds, taken from the flow duration curve. A new approach applied includes, beside a classical statistical analysis of annual minima and mean monthly minima, a comprehensive analysis of continuous duration of low flows below the specified thresholds and their seasonal distribution. Basic data from 82 hydrological stations in small and medium-sized watersheds within Serbia south of the Danube and the Sava rivers are provided by Republic Hydromete-orological Service. All available data on daily and absolute annual minimum flows from the start of operation and 2018 are used in the analysis.

Ideja ovoga rada je da prikaže prostorni raspored osnovnih karakteristika malih voda na teritoriji Republike Srbije kao podloga projektovanju većine vodoprivrednih i hidrotehničkih objekata. To se pre svega odnosi na prostorni prikaz modula oticaja minimalnih srednjih mesečnih protoka 95% obezbeđenosti i srednjih godišnjih protoka verovatnoće pojave 10% i trajanja malovodnih perioda ispod protoka karakterističnih trajanja. Navedene karakteristike malih voda preuzete se iz buduće monografije „Prosečni protoci i male vode na srednjim i malim slivovima Srbije”, čija je izrada u toku., This paper presents the spatial distribution of basic characteristics of low flows on the territory of the Republic of Serbia as the basis for design of various water management systems and hydraulic engineering structures. Spatial representation of specific runoff for minimum annual mean monthly flows of 95% probability of exceedance, specific runoff for mean annual flows of 10% probability of non-exceedance, and duration of low flow below selected characteristic threshold values. These low flow characteristics are taken from the forthcoming monograph “Mean and low flows in small and medium watersheds in Serbia”, which is under preparation.

Maksimalna trajanja malovodnih perioda, koje se prikazuju u ovom radu, preuzeta su iz nove monografije „Prosečni protoci i male vode na srednjim i malim slivovima Srbije”, čija je izrada u toku, a koju zajednički realizuju Institut za vodoprivredu „Jaroslav Černi“ i Republički hidrometeorološki zavod Srbije uz učešće Građevinskog fakulteta iz Beograda i Građevinsko-arhitektonskog fakulteta iz Niša. Bazni podaci koji su korišćeni su zvanični podaci Republičkog hidrometeorološkog zavoda sa 82 profila hidroloških stanica na srednjim i malim slivovima na teritoriji Srbije južno od Save i Dunava. Pri tome su korišćene sve raspoložive vremenske serije srednjednevnih i minimalnih godišnjih protoka. Periodi obrade su bili od početka rada određene hidrološke stanice do zaključno sa 2018. godinom. U ovom radu daje se samo prikaz rezultata obrada jedne od osnovnih karakteristika malovodnih perioda, a to su maksimalna trajanja malovodnih perioda u funkciji repernih protoka i verovatnoće pojave, kao i njihova unutargodišnja zastupljenost. Prikazani su osrednjeni rezultati za razmatrane slivove i za celu teritoriju Republike Srbije., Maximum low flow durations, presented in this paper, are taken from the new book on “Mean and low flows in small and medium watersheds in Serbia”, which is jointly under development by the “Jaroslav Černi” Institute for Water Resources Management and Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia with participation of the University of Belgrade – Faculty of Civil Engineering and University of Niš – Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture. Basic data from 82 hydrological stations in small and medium-sized watersheds within Serbia south of the Danube and the Sava rivers are provided by Republic Hydrometeorological Service. All available data on daily and absolute annual minimum flows from the start of operation and 2018 are used in the analysis. This paper presents a part of the results relating maximum low flow durations to characteristic thresholds and probability of occurrence, as well as their seasonal distribution. The results are averaged over individual watersheds and for the territory of Serbia.

Pasulj pripada varivima, poljoprivrednim kulturama iz porodice Fabaceae od kojih se, u ishrani ljudi, koristi suvo zrno. Cenjena je tradicionalna kao i savremena hrana i lek, izvor belančevina, visokoenergetska koncentrovana namirnica. Značajan je usev u poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji mnogih zemalja, ekonomski isplativ i dobar predusev, kao i u međunarodnoj trgovini. Pasulj se smatra nacionalnim jelom svih naroda Balkanskog poluostrva, a u Srbiji je neprikosnoven. Ukrštanje važnih trgovačkih puteva, zemljišne i klimatske prilike, burna istorija ovih prostora, koja je uslovila česte migracije stanovništva, dovele su do velike divergencije germplazme pasulja na našim prostorima. Brojne domaće populacije pasulja predstavljaju izuzetan genetički potencijal za oplemenjivanje i stvaranje novih sorti koje bi mogle u ovim ekološkim uslovima, uz primenu odgovarajuće agrotehnike, dati zadovoljavajuće rezultate. U Srbiji površine pod pasuljem opadaju. Zbog kratke vegetacije i drugih bioloških osobina pasulj je vrlo intenzivan i osetljiv usev. To potencira i izuzetna osetljivost na polifagne insekte kao i prisustvo izazivača bakterijskih i virusnih bolesti. Na dosta nizak prosečan prinos po hektaru utiču i vremenski uslovi, pre svega visoke temperature i suša. Prinosi bi se mogli povećati pravilnom i pravovremenom primenom savremenih agronomskih saznanja, gajenjem u navodnjavanju, u združenom usevu ili setvom kao drugog useva., Dry beans belong to pulses, species from Fabaceae family. Its dry grain is used in human nutrition. It is valued as traditional and modern food and medicine, protein source, and high-energy concentrated food. It is an important crop in agricultural production and international trade of many countries, economically viable and good preceding crop. Dry beans are considered the national dish of all people from Balkans, and it is inviolable in Serbia. Crossing of important trade routes, land and climate, turbulent history, which caused frequent population migrations, led to a great divergence of bean germplasm in our area. Domestic bean populations are exceptional genetic potential for breeding of new varieties that could give satisfactory results in these environmental conditions, with the application of appropriate cultivation technology. Areas under beans in Serbia are declining. Due to short vegetation and other biological traits, bean is very intensive and sensitive crop. This is emphasized by exceptional sensitivity to polyphagous insects, as well as the presence numerous pathogens. Low average yield is affected by weather, primarily high temperatures and drought. Yields could be increased by correct and timely application of modern agronomic knowledge, irrigated cultivation, in a joint crop or by sowing as second crop.

Maksimalna trajanja malovodnih perioda, koje se prikazuju u ovom radu, preuzeta su iz nove monografije „Prosečni protoci i male vode na srednjim i malim slivovima Srbije”, čija je izrada u toku, a koju zajednički realizuju Institut za vodoprivredu „Jaroslav Černi“ i Republički hidrometeorološki zavod Srbije uz učešće Građevinskog fakulteta iz Beograda i Građevinsko-arhitektonskog fakulteta iz Niša. Bazni podaci koji su korišćeni su zvanični podaci Republičkog hidrometeorološkog zavoda sa 82 profila hidroloških stanica na srednjim i malim slivovima na teritoriji Srbije južno od Save i Dunava. Pri tome su korišćene sve raspoložive vremenske serije srednjednevnih i minimalnih godišnjih protoka. Periodi obrade su bili od početka rada određene hidrološke stanice do zaključno sa 2018. godinom. U ovom radu daje se samo prikaz rezultata obrada jedne od osnovnih karakteristika malovodnih perioda, a to su maksimalna trajanja malovodnih perioda u funkciji repernih protoka i verovatnoće pojave, kao i njihova unutargodišnja zastupljenost. Prikazani su osrednjeni rezultati za razmatrane slivove i za celu teritoriju Republike Srbije., Maximum low flow durations, presented in this paper, are taken from the new book on “Mean and low flows in small and medium watersheds in Serbia”, which is jointly under development by the “Jaroslav Černi” Institute for Water Resources Management and Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia with participation of the University of Belgrade – Faculty of Civil Engineering and University of Niš – Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture. Basic data from 82 hydrological stations in small and medium-sized watersheds within Serbia south of the Danube and the Sava rivers are provided by Republic Hydrometeorological Service. All available data on daily and absolute annual minimum flows from the start of operation and 2018 are used in the analysis. This paper presents a part of the results relating maximum low flow durations to characteristic thresholds and probability of occurrence, as well as their seasonal distribution. The results are averaged over individual watersheds and for the territory of Serbia.

Ideja ovoga rada je da prikaže prostorni raspored osnovnih karakteristika malih voda na teritoriji Republike Srbije kao podloga projektovanju većine vodoprivrednih i hidrotehničkih objekata. To se pre svega odnosi na prostorni prikaz modula oticaja minimalnih srednjih mesečnih protoka 95% obezbeđenosti i srednjih godišnjih protoka verovatnoće pojave 10% i trajanja malovodnih perioda ispod protoka karakterističnih trajanja. Navedene karakteristike malih voda preuzete se iz buduće monografije „Prosečni protoci i male vode na srednjim i malim slivovima Srbije”, čija je izrada u toku., This paper presents the spatial distribution of basic characteristics of low flows on the territory of the Republic of Serbia as the basis for design of various water management systems and hydraulic engineering structures. Spatial representation of specific runoff for minimum annual mean monthly flows of 95% probability of exceedance, specific runoff for mean annual flows of 10% probability of non-exceedance, and duration of low flow below selected characteristic threshold values. These low flow characteristics are taken from the forthcoming monograph “Mean and low flows in small and medium watersheds in Serbia”, which is under preparation.

Sveobuhvatna analiza malih voda, koje se prikazuju u ovom radu, preuzete su iz nove monografije „Prosečni proticaji i male vode na srednjim i malim slivovima Srbije”, čija je izrada u toku, a koju zajednički realizuju Institut za vodoprivredu „Jaroslav Černi“ i Republički hidrometeorološki zavod Srbije uz učešće Građevinskog fakulteta iz Beograda i Građevinsko-arhitektonskog fakulteta iz Niša. Bazni podaci koji su korišćeni su zvanični podaci Republičkog hidrometeorološkog zavoda sa 82 profila hidroloških stanica na srednjim i malim slivovima na teritoriji Srbije, južno od Save i Dunava. Pri tome su korišćene sve raspoložive vremenske serije srednjednevnih i minimalnih godišnjih protoka. Periodi obrade su bili od početka rada određene hidrološke stanice do zaključno sa 2018. godinom.

Ideja ovoga rada je da prikaže osnovne rezultate sprovedene sveobuhvatne analize malih voda na teritoriji Republike Srbije, južno od Save i Dunava, preuzete iz buduće monografije „Proseĉni protoci i male vode na srednjim i malim slivovima Srbije”, ĉija je izrada u toku. Ovu monografiju zajedno realizuju Institut za vodoprivredu „Jaroslav Ĉerni” i Republiĉki hidrometeorološki zavod Srbije, uz uĉešće GraĊevinskog fakulteta iz Beograda i GraĊevinsko-arhitektonskog fakulteta iz Niša. U radu su prikazane kvantitativne karakteristike malih voda, koje se najĉešće koriste kao podloga u projektovanju većine vodoprivrednih i hidrotehniĉkih objekata, a pre svega za ocenu „minimalnog održivog protoka”, koji se po važećem Zakonu o vodama mora neprikosnoveno ostaviti u reci za potrebe održavanja biocenoze i zadovoljenje potreba nizvodnih korisnika. U konkretnom sluĉaju prikazuju se najbitniji rezultati ocene višegodišnjih proseka srednje godišnjeg protoka, krivih trajanja srednje dnevnih protoka i obezbeĊenosti minimalnih srednje meseĉnih protoka. Posebno su detaljno analizirani kvantitativni pokazatelji dužina malovodnih perioda ispod protoka sa odabranim trajanjem, odreĊenih sa krivih trajanja dnevnih protoka. Primenjen je novi prilaz koji obuhvata, pored klasiĉne probabilistiĉke analize minimalnih godišnjih i minimalnih srednjih meseĉnih protoka, i sveobuhvatnu analizu neprekidnih trajanja malih voda ispod protoka karakteristiĉnih trajanja, njihove unutargodišnje raspodele i procentualne zastupljenosti. Bazni podaci korišćeni pri izradi ove analize, zvaniĉni su podaci Republiĉkog hidrometeorološkog zavoda sa 82 profila hidroloških stanica na srednjim i malim slivovima na teritoriji Srbije, južno od Save i Dunava. Pri tome su korišćene sve raspoložive vremenske serije srednjednevnih i minimalnih godišnjih protoka. Periodi obrade su bili od poĉetka rada odreĊene hidrološke stanice, do zakljuĉno sa 2018. godinom., This paper presents main results of a comprehensive analysis of low flows on the territory of the Republic of Serbia, south of the Sava and the Danube rivers. The results are a part of the forthcoming book on “Mean and low flows in small and medium watersheds in Serbia”, which is under development. The book is being produced jointly by the “Jaroslav Černi” Institute for Water Resources Management and Republic Hydrometeo¬ro¬logical Service of Serbia with participation of the University of Belgrade – Faculty of Civil Engineering and University of Niš – Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture. The analysis deals with the quantitative characteristics of low flows that are commonly used for design in various water management and hydraulic engineering projects, but are also a starting point in estimating the “minimum sustainable flow”, which is, according to the current Water Act, the minimum flow in the rivers needed for maintaining the biocenosis and for satisfying the demands of downstream users. The main outcomes of the comprehensive low flow analysis presented in this paper are the long-term mean flow, duration of daily flows and probability of exceedance of minimum mean monthly flows. Additionally, special attention is given to quantitative indices of length of intervals with flow below the specified thresholds, taken from the flow duration curve. A new approach applied includes, beside a classical statistical analysis of annual minima and mean monthly minima, a comprehensive analysis of continuous duration of low flows below the specified thresholds and their seasonal distribution. Basic data from 82 hydrological stations in small and medium-sized watersheds within Serbia south of the Danube and the Sava rivers are provided by Republic Hydromete-orological Service. All available data on daily and absolute annual minimum flows from the start of operation and 2018 are used in the analysis.

Diatomaceous earth (DE) is an inert dust formed from fossilized skeletal remains of diatoms. Insecticidal activity is a result of desiccation that occurs after DE particles destroy lipid layers of insect cuticule. Efficacy depends on chemical composition, particle size and geographic origin. This work assessed contact efficacy of DE originating from Kolubara open-pit mine (Serbia), in comparison to SilicoSec®, against P. interpunctella, T. confusum and A. obtectus. DEs were applied at rates: 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg-2. Mortality was recorded after 24, 48, 72 h and seven days. Significant mortality of P. interpunctella larvae was recorded after seven days of exposure at two higher rates of SilicoSec® (48.0 and 54%, respectively) and Kolubara DE (45.6 and 58.5%, respectively). Higher rates of SilicoSec® and Kolubara DE caused significant mortality of T. confusum after seven days (54.1, 84.3%, 49.2, 78.2%, respectively). High mortality of A. obtectus was recorded after 48 and 72 h in SilicoSec® (61.5, 82.1%, respectively) and in Kolubara DE (58.0, 78.5%, respectively) when applied at 20 mg-2.

The study aimed to determine if the non-dipping pattern of blood pressure (BP) influences preterm delivery in gestational hypertension (GH), but also maternal clinical findings and birth weight. Sixty women with GH, i.e. 30 women with a dipping BP profile (control group) and 30 non-dippers (study group), were included in the study. Echocardiography was performed in all subjects, as well as ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) during third trimester. ABPM was repeated 6-8 weeks after delivery. Thirteen women with preterm delivery were classified as non-dippers and only four as dippers (p=0.01). The average and peak systolic and diastolic night-time BP had negative linear correlation with birth weight (p<0.0005). Total vascular resistance (p<0.0005) and mass index (p=0.014) were significantly higher as compared with women with term delivery, while ejection fraction (EF) (p=0.007) and circumferential systolic velocity (p=0.042) were significantly reduced in the preterm delivery group. Multivariate binary logistic regression identified the average night-time systolic BP, left ventricular mass index and EF as independent predictors of preterm delivery. Study results suggested a relationship of the non-dipping BP pattern in GH with preterm delivery, birth weight, and maternal clinical findings., Cilj ovoga istraživanja bio je utvrditi povezanost non-dipping profila krvnog tlaka (KT) s prijevremenim porođajem, porođajnom težinom novorođenčeta te kliničkim i ehokardiografskim parametrima kod žena s gestacijskom hipertenzijom (GH). Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 60 žena s GH, 30 s dipping profilom KT (kontrolna skupina) i 30 non-dippera (ispitna skupina). Sve žene podvrgnute su kompletnoj ehokardiografiji i 24-satnom ambulantnom praćenju krvnog tlaka (ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, ABPM) tijekom trećeg trimestra, a ABPM je ponovljen 6-8 tjedana nakon porođaja. Ukupno 17 žena imalo je prijevremeni porođaj. Trinaest žena s prijevremenim porođajem imalo je non-dipping profil KT, dok su samo četiri žene imale dipping profil KT (0,01). Prosječni i maksimalni sistolički i dijastolički noćni KT imali su negativnu linearnu korelaciju s porođajnom težinom (p<0,0005). Ukupna vaskularna rezistencija (p<0,0005) i indeks mase miokarda lijeve klijetke (p=0,014) bili su znatno viši u skupini žena s prijevremenim porođajem, dok su parametri sistoličke funkcije, tj. ejekcijska frakcija (EF) (p=0,007) i brzina cirkumferentnog skraćenja miokarda lijevog ventrikla (p=0,042) bili statistički značajno sniženi u skupini žena s prijevremenim porođajem. Multivarijatna regresijska analiza pokazala je da su prosječni noćni sistolički KT, indeks mase lijevog ventrikla i EF identificirani kao nezavisni prediktori prijevremenog porođaja. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da postoji povezanost između non-dipping profila KT s prijevremenim porođajem, porođajnom težinom novorođenčeta i poremećajem hemodinamskog statusa majke u GH.

Diatomaceous earth (DE) is a dust formed from fossilized skeletal remains of single-celled algae – diatoms. Diatoms have a fine skeleton made of amorphous silicon dioxide (SiO2), as a major constituent of DE, which additionally contains minor amounts of minerals (aluminium, iron oxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium and sodium). Insecticidal activity of DE is a result of desiccation that occurs after the particles of DE absorb the waterproof lipids from the arthropod cuticle (destroy epicuticular lipid layers) leading to high rate of water loss. Efficacy of DE depends on chemical composition, particle size and geographic origin. This work aimed to assess the efficacy of DE originating from Kolubara open-pit mine, Serbia, in comparison to commercially available preparation SilicoSec®. Efficacy was assessed in contact toxicity test, against indian meal moth (Plodia interpunctella) larvae and confused beetle (Tribolium confusum) and bean weevil (Acanthoscelides obtectus) adults. DEs were applied at rates: 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg-2 and mortality was recorded after 24, 48, 72 h and seven days.

Ishemijska bolest srca najčešće nastaje kao posledica razvoja aterosklerotskih promena na koronarnim krvnim sudovima koji dovode do suženja lumena i posledičnog pada protoka arterijske krvi u području vaskularizacije. Akutni oblik koronarne bolesti koji zahteva hitnu primenu reperfuzione terapije je ST elevirani infarkt miokarda. EKG ima veliki značaj u postavljanju dijagnoze ali i u proceni uspešnosti same reperfuzije. Širina QRS kompleksa jedan je od EKG parametara čija dinamika promena može ukazati na uspešnost pPKI i veličinu infarktne zone. Evaluacija širine QRS kompleksa kao prediktora veličine infarkta miokarda i reperfuzije nakon pPKI kod pacijenata sa STEMI. Ispitivanje je sprovedeno kao prospektivna, opservaciona klinička studija na Klinici za kardiologiju, Instituta za kardiovaskularne bolesti Vojvodine u periodu od januara 2016. do decembra 2018. godine. U isptivanje je uključeno 200 pacijenata sa STEMI kod kojih je urađena pPKI. Na osnovu dužine trajanja tegoba formirane su dve grupe od po 100 pacijenata. Grupa A kod kojih je totalno ishemijsko vreme bilo <6h i grupa B kod kojih je totalno ishemijsko vreme između 6 i 12h. . Sprovedeno je EKG praćenje radi procene širine QRS kompleksa intrahospitalno (pre procedure, odmah nakon pPKI kao i posle 1h i 72h) i na dve vizite ambulantno tokom šestomesečnog praćenja (nakon mesec dana i šest meseci). Ehokardiografija je urađena kod svih pacijenata intrahospitalno i na šestomesečnom ambulantnom pregledu. Širine QRS kompleksa su korelirane sa rezultatima interventne procedure procenjene TIMI protokom i TMPG, dinamikom kardiospecifičnih enzima i ehokardiografskim nalazima. U istraživanje je uključeno 71% muškaraca i 29% žena, prosečna starost uzorka iznosila je 60.6±11.39. Dužina trajanja tegoba značajno se razlikovala između grupa. U grupi A tegobe su trajale prosečno 120 minuta (90-180), dok su u grupi B trajale 420 minuta (360-600) (p<0.0005). DTB nije se značajno razlikovao, 42 minuta (31-54.5) u odnosu na 40.5, Ischemic heart disease most commonly occurs as a result of the atherosclerotic changes in the coronary vessels that lead to the narrowing of the lumen and consequent fall in arterial blood flow in the vascularization area. An acute form of coronary artery disease requiring immediate reperfusion therapy is ST-elevation myocardial infarction. The ECG is of great importance not only in making the diagnosis but also in evaluating the success of the reperfusion itself. The duration of the QRS complex is one of the ECG parameters whose change in dynamics can indicate the success of pPCI as well as the size of the infarct zone. Evaluation of the width of the QRS complex as a predictor of myocardial infarction size and reperfusion after pPCI in patients with STEMI. The study was conducted as a prospective, observational clinical study at the Cardiology Clinic of the Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of Vojvodina between January 2016 and December 2018. The study included 200 patients with STEMI in whom pPCI was performed. Based on the length of discomforts two groups with 100 patients were formed. Group A had a total ischemic time <6h and the total ischemic time in group B was between 6-12h. To assess the duration of the QRS complex, the ECG monitoring was performed intrahospital (before the procedure, immediately after pPCI as well as 1h and 72h after the procedure) and on two outpatient visits during the six-month follow-up period (after one month and six months). Echocardiography was performed in all patients intrahospital and at a six-month outpatient visit. The duration of the QRS complex correlated with the results of the interventional procedure that was evaluated by the TIMI flow and TMPG, the dynamics of cardiospecific enzymes and echocardiography findings. The survey included 71% of men and 29% of women with an average age of 60.6 ± 11.39. The duration of the discomforts varied significantly between the groups. In group A the discomforts lasted 120 minutes in an

U radu se prikazuju rezultati statističke analize izabranih parametara malih voda na malim i srednjim slivovima u Srbiji nastali tokom izrade nove monografije „Prosečni protoci i male vode na malim i srednjim slivovima Srbije”, koju zajednički realizuju Institut za vodoprivredu „Jaroslav Černi“ i Republički hidrometeorološki zavod Srbije uz učešće Građevinskog fakulteta iz Beograda i Građevinsko-arhitektonskog fakulteta iz Niša. Osnovna ideja je da se na odabranim srednjim i malim slivovima u Srbiji definišu osnovne kvantitativne karakteristike prosečnih protoka i malih voda. Bazni podaci koji su korišćeni su zvanični podaci Republičkog hidrometeorološkog zavoda sa 132 profila hidroloških stanica na srednjim i malim slivovima na teritoriji Srbije južno od Save i Dunava. Pri tome su korišćene sve raspoložive vremenske serije srednjednevnih i minimalnih godišnjih protoka. Periodi obrade su bili od početka rada određene hidrološke stanice do zaključno sa 2018. godinom. U ovom radu dat je grafički prikaz rezultata obrade osnovnih karakteristika malih voda i to: minimalnih srednjemesečnih protoka verovatnoće pojave 95%, kao i minimalnih godišnjih protoka verovatnoće pojave 1%., The paper presents the results of the statistical analysis of selected low flow indicators in medium and small Serbian basins obtained withing the scope of a new monograph "Mean and low flows in medium and small basins of Serbia", which is being prepared jointly by the Water Institute "Jaroslav Cerni" and the Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia, with the participation of the Faculty of Civil Engineering of Belgrade and the Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture of Nis. The basic idea is to provide principal quantitative characteristics of mean and low flows in selected medium and small basins in Serbia. The data used in the analysis are the official data provided by the Republic Hydrometeorological Service at 132 stream gauges in medium and small basins in the territory of Serbia, south of the Sava and Danube Rivers. Thereby, all the available time series of mean daily and annual minimum flows were used. The processing periods are from when the certain gauging station started operating to the end of 2018. This paper presents only the results of the basic low flow indicators, such as the minimum mean monthly flows of the 95% probability of exceedance, as well as the annual minimum flows of the 1% probability of non-exceedance.

U radu se prikazuju rezultati statističke analize izabranih parametara malih voda na malim i srednjim slivovima u Srbiji nastali tokom izrade nove monografije „Prosečni protoci i male vode na malim i srednjim slivovima Srbije”, koju zajednički realizuju Institut za vodoprivredu „Jaroslav Černi“ i Republički hidrometeorološki zavod Srbije uz učešće Građevinskog fakulteta iz Beograda i Građevinsko-arhitektonskog fakulteta iz Niša. Osnovna ideja je da se na odabranim srednjim i malim slivovima u Srbiji definišu osnovne kvantitativne karakteristike prosečnih protoka i malih voda. Bazni podaci koji su korišćeni su zvanični podaci Republičkog hidrometeorološkog zavoda sa 132 profila hidroloških stanica na srednjim i malim slivovima na teritoriji Srbije južno od Save i Dunava. Pri tome su korišćene sve raspoložive vremenske serije srednjednevnih i minimalnih godišnjih protoka. Periodi obrade su bili od početka rada određene hidrološke stanice do zaključno sa 2018. godinom. U ovom radu dat je grafički prikaz rezultata obrade osnovnih karakteristika malih voda i to: minimalnih srednjemesečnih protoka verovatnoće pojave 95%, kao i minimalnih godišnjih protoka verovatnoće pojave 1%., The paper presents the results of the statistical analysis of selected low flow indicators in medium and small Serbian basins obtained withing the scope of a new monograph "Mean and low flows in medium and small basins of Serbia", which is being prepared jointly by the Water Institute "Jaroslav Cerni" and the Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia, with the participation of the Faculty of Civil Engineering of Belgrade and the Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture of Nis. The basic idea is to provide principal quantitative characteristics of mean and low flows in selected medium and small basins in Serbia. The data used in the analysis are the official data provided by the Republic Hydrometeorological Service at 132 stream gauges in medium and small basins in the territory of Serbia, south of the Sava and Danube Rivers. Thereby, all the available time series of mean daily and annual minimum flows were used. The processing periods are from when the certain gauging station started operating to the end of 2018. This paper presents only the results of the basic low flow indicators, such as the minimum mean monthly flows of the 95% probability of exceedance, as well as the annual minimum flows of the 1% probability of non-exceedance.

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TBC) is a contagious chronic respiratory disease which despite the known cause, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), and many decades of successful therapy, remains one of the leading global health problems. Immune responses against Mtb infection involve both of types of immunity, but cellular immunity, in which certain cytokines and Th1 cells play a key role, is crucial. A better understanding of the functions of the cytokine network involved in the state and progression of TBC could identify specific molecular markers for monitoring of disease activity as well as therapy outcomes in TBC patients. Methodology: We investigated expression of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IRAK1 genes using an RT-qPCR technique in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 33 TBC patients and 10 healthy individuals. Results: Comparison between TBC patients and healthy individuals revealed statistically significant differences for all analyzed genes. The levels of expression of TNF-alpha and IL-6 mRNA were higher, while the level of IRAK1 mRNA was lower in the TBC group compared to controls. Moreover, a strong positive correlation was observed between TNF-alpha and IL-6 gene expression. When clinical parameters were analyzed, increased levels of TNF-alpha mRNA were detected in patients with a longer duration of therapy ( gt 2 months) compared to those with a shorter therapy duration ( lt 2 months), and in patients without anemia. Conclusions: Our results indicate that the inflammatory genes we examined play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis, and that the expression of the TNF-alpha gene could be a marker for monitoring the clinical effect of the ant-tuberculosis drugs during therapy.