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In addition to patient care, physiotherapy is increasingly important in research at university hospitals. Genuine physiotherapy research plays a decisive role in this. This position statement describes the opportunities, benefits, framework conditions, challenges, and research priorities of genuine physiotherapy research at German university hospitals., Die angehende Profession Physiotherapie nimmt neben der Patient:innenversorgung zunehmend eine wichtige Funktion in der Forschung im universitätsklinischen Setting ein. Die Entwicklung einer genuinen physiotherapeutischen Forschung spielt dabei eine entscheidende Rolle. Im Positionspapier werden Chancen und Nutzen, Rahmenbedingungen und Herausforderungen sowie Forschungsprioritäten der genuinen physiotherapeutischen Forschung an den deutschen Universitätskliniken dargestellt.

Door maatregelen te nemen kunnen grondgebruikers de fysieke omgeving verbeteren, zodat er meer planten en dieren kunnen leven. Om er zeker van te zijn dat hun inzet ook echt leidt tot een toename van biodiversiteit, is het nodig om te monitoren. Soortenmonitoring vereist echter veel kennis en capaciteit, en de aanwezigheid van soorten ligt niet altijd binnen de invloed van een organisatie. Middels een KPI-systematiek kan op de korte termijn de inzet van organisaties voor biodiversiteitsherstel gemeten worden, en richt zich daarnaast specifiek op de grond in eigen beheer.

This project has focussed on researching the possibilities of capturing methane at manure storages and subsequently convert (oxidise) it into CO2. For three types of manure storages (manure bags, manure silos and manure basins) a test was performed to capture methane with as few as possible adjustments to existing storage facilities. Subsequently, a pilot was carried out with three different methane oxidation techniques with manure bags; chemical oxidation with a torch and biologically oxidation with a biofilter and a soilfilter. The first tests show that for all three techniques it is possible to oxidize methane with an efficiency of >95%, 60-80% and 60-70% respectively. Calculations with a methane production model and a cost analysis show that cost efficiency is highest if manure is stored as quickly as possible in a manure storage coupled to a methane oxidation technique. The field filter is the cheapest solution, but the total amount of methane converted is higher with flaring and the biofilter. In addition, the parties who will be involved in, among other things, licensing and control of the techniques were interviewed. The interviews show that assurance of the continued working of the technique and enforcement will play a crucial role in the acceptance of the techniques in livestock farming., Binnen het project is onderzocht wat de mogelijkheden zijn om methaan bij mestopslagen af te vangen om te kunnen omzetten (oxideren) in CO2. Hierbij is bij drie soorten mestopslagen (mestzakken, mest silo’s en mestbassins) onderzocht of het bij bestaande opslagen mogelijk is om methaan te kunnen afvangen met weinig aanpassingen aan de opslag. Vervolgens is er bij drie mestzakken een pilot uitgevoerd met drie verschillende methaanoxidatie technieken; chemisch oxideren met een fakkel en biologisch oxideren met een biofilter en een bodemfilter. Uit de eerste testen blijkt dat alle drie de technieken afgevangen methaan oxideren met respectievelijk een efficiëntie van >95%, 60-80% en 60-70%. Uit berekeningen met een methaanproductiemodel en een kostenanalyse blijkt dat kostenefficiëntie het hoogste is als mest zo snel mogelijk in een mestopslag gekoppeld aan een methaanoxidatie techniek wordt opgeslagen. Het bodemfilter is hierbij de goedkoopste oplossing, maar de totale hoeveelheid geoxideerde methaan hoger is bij fakkelen en het biofilter. Verder zijn de eerste partijen geïnterviewd die betrokken zullen zijn bij o.a. vergunningverlening en controle van de technieken. Uit de interviews blijkt dat borging van de werking van de oxidatietechniek en handhaving een cruciale rol zal spelen bij acceptatie van de technieken in de veehouderij.

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The full text of this thesis is not available due to privacy or embargo reasons.

The full text of this thesis is not available due to privacy or embargo reasons.

Deze verkenning laat zien wat de materiaalvraag, CO2-uitstoot en milieu-impact van de woningbouwopgave tot en met 2030 is. Daarbij is de impact van bouwen conform business-as-usual bepaald en zijn zes circulaire strategieën geschetst om de impact te verlagen

The study describes the socio-cultural value of fishing in the Netherlands in terms of: identity, social well-being, cultural heritage and social cohesion. It looked at the effects of policy changes for the fishing community or communities. The Netherlands has 44 fishing communities with an active fleet and 84 historical fishing communities. The fisheries ‘community of practice’ has a shared identity in which in the Netherlands the family business plays an important role. For their (subjective) social well-being, fishing is very important. These (historical) family businesses are anchored in fishing communities, often have locals on board and contribute to social cohesion, (im)material cultural heritage and the social well-being of fishing communities. At the same time, social structures seem to be changing due to consolidation, fishers with a non-Dutch nationality and continuous fishing. The fishing community is unanimously very concerned about the future of fisheries as a result of all policy changes. In particular, they see the redesign of the North Sea with less space for fisheries as a threat. The policy process has led to much distrust. This study describes how the reduction of the fleet has social implications and pleads for monitoring social factors, developing a shared vision for future fisheries and restoring trust, De studie beschrijft de sociaal-culturele waarde van visserij in Nederland aan de hand van: identiteit, sociaal welzijn, cultureel erfgoed en sociale cohesie. Gekeken is naar de effecten van beleidsveranderingen voor visserijgemeenschap(pen). Nederland heeft 44 visserijgemeenschappen met een actieve vloot en 84 historische visserijgemeenschappen. De praktijkgerelateerde visserijgemeenschap in Nederland heeft een gedeelde identiteit waarin het familiebedrijf een belangrijke rol speelt. Voor hun (subjectief) sociaal welzijn is de visserij zeer belangrijk. Deze (historische) familiebedrijven zijn verankerd in de visserijgemeenschappen, hebben veelal plaatsgenoten aan boord en dragen bij aan sociale cohesie, (im)materieel cultureel erfgoed en het sociaal welzijn van visserijgemeenschappen. Tegelijkertijd lijken sociale structuren te veranderen door consolidatie, buitenlandse opvarenden en continu-visserij. De visserijgemeenschap maakt zich eensgezind grote zorgen over de toekomst van de visserij als gevolg van alle beleidswijzigingen. Met name de herinrichting van de Noordzee met minder ruimte voor visserij ziet men als een bedreiging. Het proces van beleid heeft geleid tot veel wantrouwen. Deze studie beschrijft hoe de krimp van de vloot maatschappelijk kan doorwerken en pleit voor monitoring van sociale factoren, het ontwikkelen van een gedeelde visie op de toekomstige visserij en herstel van vertrouwen.---The study describes the socio-cultural value of fishing in the Netherlands in terms of: identity, social well-being, cultural heritage and social cohesion. It looked at the effects of policy changes for the fishing community or communities. The Netherlands has 44 fishing communities with an active fleet and 84 historical fishing communities. The fisheries ‘community of practice’ has a shared identity in which in the Netherlands the family business plays an important role. For their (subjective) social well-being, fishing is very important. These (historical) family

Deze rapportage gaat specifiek in op de voortgang op de doelen binnen het thema Veiligheid op het erf tot en met het jaar 2022. De Duurzame Zuivelketen streeft naar een veilige werkvloer voor melkveehouders en hun familieleden, medewerkers en bezoekers. Dit wil zij doen door het verhogen van de bewustwording van veiligheid op het erf bij melkveehouders, zodat zij daar actief naar gaan handelen. Het uiteindelijke doel is te komen tot minder ongevallen.

Deze rapportage gaat specifiek in op de voortgang op de doelen binnen het thema Veiligheid op het erf tot en met het jaar 2021. De Duurzame Zuivelketen streeft naar een veilige werkvloer voor melkveehouders en hun familieleden, medewerkers en erfbetreders. Dit wil zij doen door het verhogen van de bewustwording bij melkveehouders ten aanzien van veiligheid op het erf, zodat zij daar actief naar gaan handelen. Het uiteindelijke doel is te komen tot minder ongevallen.

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Background. The Covid-19 crisis has had an influence on adolescents’ lives for the past year, which potential negative effects on their feelings of connectedness. This feeling is crucial for the development of emotional regulation and psychosocial wellbeing. One of the factors that influence this feeling of connectedness, might be the degree of social skills that adolescents possess. The Covid-19 crisis has had a significant impact on the amount of face-to-face contact of adolescents. Because this might influence their wellbeing in several ways, it is important to research whether social skills influence these feelings of connectedness. The aim of this research is to study the link between social skills and Covid-19-related connectedness change during the Covid-19 crisis of adolescents between 12 and 16 years old and whether gender acts as a moderator. Method. Data from the Stress Less Project has been used. The Dutch questionnaire Scale for Interpersonal Behavior (SIG-A) was carried out among 179 adolescents from four high schools in The Hague to measure their social skills. Connectedness was measured by four questions that were developed. In de current research, these questions were separated into connectedness with friends, family, neighborhood and the Dutch society. The relationship between the variable social skills and the subscales of connectedness were measured by multiple singular linear regression analyses. In addition, the influence of the moderator gender was measured by multiple PROCESS analyses. Results. The results showed a positive relationship between social skills and the subscales of connectedness of adolescents, except for the relationship between social skills and feelings of connectedness with the Dutch society. No effect of gender was found for the subdivisions of connectedness. Conclusion. The results indicate that more social skills predict more Covid-19-related connectedness during the Covid-19 pandemic. These results can have a positive co

In navolging van de somatisch geneeskunde is er een toenemende tendens binnen de psychiatrie om evidence based te werken. Dit komt voort uit een geschiedenis waarin er twijfel bestond over de objectiviteit en het wetenschappelijke karakter van de psychiatrie. Hieruit kwam de behoefte voort om een categorisatie systeem te introduceren wat heeft geleid tot de Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM). Er wordt gepoogd om binnen de psychiatrie evidence based en wetenschappelijk te werken met als uitgangspunt de neurologie. Tegelijkertijd is de DSM-5 volledig gebaseerd op symptoombeschrijvingen en dus gedrag. Zo komen het behaviorisme, met een focus op publiekelijk waarneembaar gedrag, en de bio-psychiatrie, met een basis in de neurologie, samen in de psychiatrie. In de praktijk worden deze perspectieven gecombineerd in het zogenoemde ‘tweesporenbeleid’, iets dat ook in onderzoek een grotere rol gaat spelen. Deze combinatie is filosofisch gezien echter problematisch. Aan de ene kant leidt een psychiatrische behandeling vanuit enkel een behavioristisch perspectief of enkel vanuit de bio-psychiatrie tot vreemde redenaties. Aan de andere kant is dit tweesporenbeleid problematisch omdat de correlatie tussen gedrag en onderliggende hersenprocessen niet stabiel is. Dat er geen stabiele correlatie tussen deze perspectieven is wordt zichtbaar aan de hand van een voorbeeld van cultuurgebonden psychiatrische syndromen.

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Background. The Covid-19 crisis has had an influence on adolescents’ lives for the past year, which potential negative effects on their feelings of connectedness. This feeling is crucial for the development of emotional regulation and psychosocial wellbeing. One of the factors that influence this feeling of connectedness, might be the degree of social skills that adolescents possess. The Covid-19 crisis has had a significant impact on the amount of face-to-face contact of adolescents. Because this might influence their wellbeing in several ways, it is important to research whether social skills influence these feelings of connectedness. The aim of this research is to study the link between social skills and Covid-19-related connectedness change during the Covid-19 crisis of adolescents between 12 and 16 years old and whether gender acts as a moderator. Method. Data from the Stress Less Project has been used. The Dutch questionnaire Scale for Interpersonal Behavior (SIG-A) was carried out among 179 adolescents from four high schools in The Hague to measure their social skills. Connectedness was measured by four questions that were developed. In de current research, these questions were separated into connectedness with friends, family, neighborhood and the Dutch society. The relationship between the variable social skills and the subscales of connectedness were measured by multiple singular linear regression analyses. In addition, the influence of the moderator gender was measured by multiple PROCESS analyses. Results. The results showed a positive relationship between social skills and the subscales of connectedness of adolescents, except for the relationship between social skills and feelings of connectedness with the Dutch society. No effect of gender was found for the subdivisions of connectedness. Conclusion. The results indicate that more social skills predict more Covid-19-related connectedness during the Covid-19 pandemic. These results can have a positive co

In navolging van de somatisch geneeskunde is er een toenemende tendens binnen de psychiatrie om evidence based te werken. Dit komt voort uit een geschiedenis waarin er twijfel bestond over de objectiviteit en het wetenschappelijke karakter van de psychiatrie. Hieruit kwam de behoefte voort om een categorisatie systeem te introduceren wat heeft geleid tot de Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM). Er wordt gepoogd om binnen de psychiatrie evidence based en wetenschappelijk te werken met als uitgangspunt de neurologie. Tegelijkertijd is de DSM-5 volledig gebaseerd op symptoombeschrijvingen en dus gedrag. Zo komen het behaviorisme, met een focus op publiekelijk waarneembaar gedrag, en de bio-psychiatrie, met een basis in de neurologie, samen in de psychiatrie. In de praktijk worden deze perspectieven gecombineerd in het zogenoemde ‘tweesporenbeleid’, iets dat ook in onderzoek een grotere rol gaat spelen. Deze combinatie is filosofisch gezien echter problematisch. Aan de ene kant leidt een psychiatrische behandeling vanuit enkel een behavioristisch perspectief of enkel vanuit de bio-psychiatrie tot vreemde redenaties. Aan de andere kant is dit tweesporenbeleid problematisch omdat de correlatie tussen gedrag en onderliggende hersenprocessen niet stabiel is. Dat er geen stabiele correlatie tussen deze perspectieven is wordt zichtbaar aan de hand van een voorbeeld van cultuurgebonden psychiatrische syndromen.

The majority of studies on absorptive capacity (AC) underscore the importance of absorbing technological knowledge from other firms to create economic value. However, to preserve moral legitimacy and create social value, firms must also discern and adapt to (shifts in) societal values. A comparative case study of eight firms in the food industry reveals how organizations prioritize and operationalize the societal value health in product innovation while navigating inter- and intravalue conflicts. The value- sensitive framework induced in this article extends AC by explaining how technically savvy, economic value–creating firms diverge in their receptivity, articulation, and reflexivity of societal values.

Background: Resection is the cornerstone of curative treatment for many nonmetastatic gastric cancers (GCs), but the population treatment patterns remains largely unknown. This large international population-based study aimed at investigating the treatment patterns and trends for nonmetastatic GC in Europe and the United States and at exploring factors associated with resection. Methods: Data of patients with microscopically confirmed primary invasive GC without distant metastasis from the national cancer registries of the Netherlands, Belgium, Sweden, Norway, Slovenia, and Estonia and the US Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-18 Program were retrieved. Age-standardized treatment rates were computed and trends were evaluated using linear regression. Associations of resection with patient and tumor characteristics were analyzed using multivariable-adjusted log-binomial regression. Analysis was performed in each country respectively without pooling. Results: Together 65 707 nonmetastatic GC patients diagnosed in 2003-2016 were analyzed. Age-standardized resection rates significantly decreased over years in all countries (by 4-24%). In 2013-2014, rates varied greatly from 54 to 75%. Patients with increasing ages, cardia cancers, or cancers invading adjacent structure were significantly less frequently resected. Resection was further associated with sex, performance status, comorbidities, tumor histology, tumor size, hospital type, and hospital volume. Association patterns and strengths varied across countries. After multivariable adjustment, resection rates remained decreasing (prevalence ratio = 0.97-0.995 per year), with decreasing trends consistently seen in various subgroups. Conclusions: Nonmetastatic GCs were less frequently resected in Europe and the United States in the early 21st century. Resection rates varied greatly across countries and appeared not to be optimal. Various factors associated with resection were revealed. Our findings can help

Contains fulltext : 225144.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access), BACKGROUND: Survivors of Head and Neck Cancer experience specific problems in functional performance. The aim of this study was to obtain the test-retest reliability of measurements on Maximal Mouth Opening (MMO), shoulder and neck function, lower and upper body strength, level of mobility and walking ability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Test-retest study design. Measurements on MMO (intra- and extra orally), Active range of motion of shoulders and neck, 30 Seconds Chair Stand Test, Grip Strength, Timed Up and Go test, and Six Minute Walk test. RESULTS: In total 50 participants were included. The mean age was 68.6. ± 9.9 years and median time since end of treatment was 3.0 years (Q1-Q3: 1.0-5.25 years). We found good to excellent test-retest reliability on the core set of measurements (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) 0.77 to 0.98). Measurement of MMO with cardboard card, forward flexion shoulder and Six Minute Walk test had a relatively small measurement error (Smallest Detectable Change (SDC) % 5.4% - 15.1%). Measurement of MMO with a caliper, shoulder abduction, shoulder external rotation, later flexion and rotation of the neck, grip strength, 30 Seconds Chair Stand Test, and Timed up and Go test had a relatively large measurement error (SDC% 19.8% - 44.7%). CONCLUSION: This core set of measurements on physical performance is found reliable and therefore able to differentiate in physical performance. The reported measurement errors should be taken into consideration when interpreting the results of repeated measurements. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: A core set of physical measurements can be used to measure physical performance in survivors of Head and Neck Cancer.

Failure of residential buildings during floods is an important cause of damage and loss of life. In the case of the Netherlands, the collapse of buildings is implicitly included in current damage and mortality curves since these are generated from historical data. However, the Netherlands has not experienced destructive flooding since 1953, so damage functions for modern buildings do not exist. Therefore, this paper assesses the effect of floods on modern Dutch residences with laboratory tests and structural models in order to formulate physically-based fragility curves. The results gathered are also applicable to similarly-built masonry and cavity-wall rowhouses elsewhere. Almost half of the Dutch population live in terraced houses (also known as townhouses or rowhouses), of which the critical failure mechanism during a flood is out-of-plane bending of the load-bearing walls. Failure of these structural elements should be analysed with the pressure coefficient, Cp, instead of the currently used drag coefficient, CD, because wall collapse is more likely than displacement of the entire structure. This paper describes the quantification of both coefficients by conducting flume experiments on rectangular boxes with different geometries and orientations. Higher drag coefficients are derived from the experiments than provided by FEMA, resulting in higher hydrodynamic loads on the residences. The physical approach to evaluate the collapse of residences is exemplified with a case study of the three most common type of residences in the Netherlands. Structural analyses of their load-bearing walls subjected to a hydrostatic and hydrodynamic load perpendicular to the wall show failure due to milder flood conditions than the current damage curves do for all case study residences. A sensitivity analysis shows an important influence of wall thickness, initial axial loading of the wall, and the flood water level inside the residence., Applied Mechanics, Hydraulic Structures and Flood Risk

Contains fulltext : 225144.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access), BACKGROUND: Survivors of Head and Neck Cancer experience specific problems in functional performance. The aim of this study was to obtain the test-retest reliability of measurements on Maximal Mouth Opening (MMO), shoulder and neck function, lower and upper body strength, level of mobility and walking ability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Test-retest study design. Measurements on MMO (intra- and extra orally), Active range of motion of shoulders and neck, 30 Seconds Chair Stand Test, Grip Strength, Timed Up and Go test, and Six Minute Walk test. RESULTS: In total 50 participants were included. The mean age was 68.6. ± 9.9 years and median time since end of treatment was 3.0 years (Q1-Q3: 1.0-5.25 years). We found good to excellent test-retest reliability on the core set of measurements (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) 0.77 to 0.98). Measurement of MMO with cardboard card, forward flexion shoulder and Six Minute Walk test had a relatively small measurement error (Smallest Detectable Change (SDC) % 5.4% - 15.1%). Measurement of MMO with a caliper, shoulder abduction, shoulder external rotation, later flexion and rotation of the neck, grip strength, 30 Seconds Chair Stand Test, and Timed up and Go test had a relatively large measurement error (SDC% 19.8% - 44.7%). CONCLUSION: This core set of measurements on physical performance is found reliable and therefore able to differentiate in physical performance. The reported measurement errors should be taken into consideration when interpreting the results of repeated measurements. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS: A core set of physical measurements can be used to measure physical performance in survivors of Head and Neck Cancer.

In the battle against overweight and diet-related diseases (e.g. type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases), there is an increasing pressure on food companies to reformulate the composition of their products. For this healthy product innovation, food companies need to navigate two types of conflict: 1) there is disagreement in society on what is a healthy; 2) the health requirements are not always easy to combine with other product requirements, such as taste or price. This dissertation discusses how the motives and organizational capacities influence the ability of food companies to conduct healthy product innovation. First, companies should not only act on instrumental motives – i.e. healthy product innovation contributes to the profitability of the firm – but also on moral motives – i.e. healthy product innovation contributes to public health. Second, our research shows that companies should be able to a) determine what ‘healthy’ means for their products, b) communicate health requirements consistently within their organization, and c) ask and process feedback from non-commercial stakeholders about the healthiness of their products. Finally, our study on the health label ‘t Vinkje showed that making the external product criteria stricter had positive and negative effects on the healthy innovation efforts of the participating companies.

The exchange of sustainability information in the supply chain is becoming increasingly important. Relevant attributes are animal welfare, the environment and other issues that are important for the consumer and the buyer. Wageningen Economic Research contributed to the measurement and exchange of sustainability information through the pork chain, in collaboration with HAS Den Bosch, ZLTO and the Vion Food Group. In this trial, this was concretely elaborated for the carbon footprint of pork. The project was carried out in the framework of a Public-Private Partnership project called DATA-FAIR, which investigates and innovates methods for data exchange in food chains.

Insight is lacking into the market value of a number of animal species that require compensation in the case of compulsory culling in the context of animal disease control. For the major farm animal species, the valuation of most animals can be based on value tables. However, additional insight is needed for animals that do not fall under the value tables. In addition to insight into the most common value (mode), this publication provides the value of very valuable animals (both for farm animals as well as for a number of additional species). The market value of the following species is addressed: farm animals, horses, dogs and carrier pigeons and a number of special animal species (ornamental birds, cloven-hoofed zoo animals)., Er is weinig inzicht in de marktwaarde van een aantal diersoorten waarvoor schadevergoeding nodig kan zijn in het geval van doden van dieren in het kader van dierziektebestrijding. Voor de meeste landbouwhuisdieren wordt de waarde bepaald aan de hand van waardetabellen. Er is echter aanvullend inzicht nodig voor dieren die niet onder de waardetabellen vallen. Naast inzicht in de meest voorkomende waarde (modus) geeft deze publicatie ook inzicht in relatief extreme waarden van dieren (zowel voor de landbouwhuisdieren als voor een aantal andere diersoorten). Dit onderzoek betreft de volgende dieren: die landbouwhuisdieren die niet onder waardetabellen vallen, paarden, honden en postduiven en een aantal bijzondere diersoorten (vogels, evenhoevigen).

Failure of residential buildings during floods is an important cause of damage and loss of life. In the case of the Netherlands, the collapse of buildings is implicitly included in current damage and mortality curves since these are generated from historical data. However, the Netherlands has not experienced destructive flooding since 1953, so damage functions for modern buildings do not exist. Therefore, this paper assesses the effect of floods on modern Dutch residences with laboratory tests and structural models in order to formulate physically-based fragility curves. The results gathered are also applicable to similarly-built masonry and cavity-wall rowhouses elsewhere. Almost half of the Dutch population live in terraced houses (also known as townhouses or rowhouses), of which the critical failure mechanism during a flood is out-of-plane bending of the load-bearing walls. Failure of these structural elements should be analysed with the pressure coefficient, Cp, instead of the currently used drag coefficient, CD, because wall collapse is more likely than displacement of the entire structure. This paper describes the quantification of both coefficients by conducting flume experiments on rectangular boxes with different geometries and orientations. Higher drag coefficients are derived from the experiments than provided by FEMA, resulting in higher hydrodynamic loads on the residences. The physical approach to evaluate the collapse of residences is exemplified with a case study of the three most common type of residences in the Netherlands. Structural analyses of their load-bearing walls subjected to a hydrostatic and hydrodynamic load perpendicular to the wall show failure due to milder flood conditions than the current damage curves do for all case study residences. A sensitivity analysis shows an important influence of wall thickness, initial axial loading of the wall, and the flood water level inside the residence., Applied Mechanics, Hydraulic Structures and Flood Risk

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the application of foundational ontologies, i.e., formal ontological theories in the philosophical sense, to provide a theoretically sound foundation for improving the theory and practice of conceptual modeling and knowledge representation. This paper addresses one particular foundational theory of events termed UFO-B, which has been successfully employed as a reference model for addressing problems from complex media management, enterprise architecture, software engineering, and modeling of events in petroleum exploration. Despite that, there is still no formalization of UFO-B in a decidable knowledge representation language that could support reasoning about complex events and event relations. We address this gap by proposing a number of alternative translations from UFO-B's original axiomatization (in first-order logic and in the Alloy formal language) to the description logic SROIQ, which is the formal underpinning of OWL 2 DL. Additionally, to support practical applications, we translated these SROIQ theories to OWL 2 DL TBoxes, which were validated by showing that all the intended models of UFO-B (the logical models of the UFO-B specification in Alloy) that we generated are consistent with these UFO-B TBoxes.

BackgroundUnlike sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in the primary setting, the repeat SLNB (rSLNB) in patients with ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) is challenging, because it is difficult to visualize and/or harvest a sentinel lymph node in every patient. Regional treatments options and safety in terms of regional disease control after such an unsuccessful rSLNB remain unclear. This study assesses factors associated with the performance of axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) after unsuccessful rSLNB and evaluates the occurrence of regional recurrences.MethodsData were obtained from the Sentinel Node and Recurrent Breast Cancer (SNARB) study. In 239 patients, the rSLNB was unsuccessful, of whom 60 patients underwent ipsilateral ALND.ResultsA shorter time interval between primary treatment and IBTR, and a primary negative SLNB were significantly associated with a higher probability to be treated with ALND after unsuccessful rSLNB (P0.05).ConclusionsThe present study demonstrates that the risk of regional recurrence in patients with an IBTR and an unsuccessful rSLNB is negligible, irrespective of the use of ALND. This suggests that there is no need for additional treatment of the axilla after an unsuccessful rSLNB.

The majority of studies on absorptive capacity (AC) underscore the importance of absorbing technological knowledge from other firms to create economic value. However, to preserve moral legitimacy and create social value, firms must also discern and adapt to (shifts in) societal values. A comparative case study of eight firms in the food industry reveals how organizations prioritize and operationalize the societal value health in product innovation while navigating inter- and intravalue conflicts. The valuesensitive framework induced in this article extends AC by explaining how technically savvy, economic value–creating firms diverge in their receptivity, articulation, and reflexivity of societal values.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is an incurable disorder with an unmet need of an effective treatment. Recently, autologous human bone marrow-derived stem cells have shown to promote functional improvement, due to their anti-inflammatory and regenerative/apocrine properties. In this study, the primary objective was to test whether a single intrathecal injection with a 100 mu L suspension of 400,000 fresh human bone marrow-derived CD34(+) and an equal number of CMOS+ stem cells (Neuro-Cells (NC)), one day after balloon-compression of the spinal cord, improves motor function and reduces secondary damage in immunodeficient rats. During the first 5 weeks after this intervention, NC significantly improved locomotor recovery and induced less injury-associated adverse events compared to vehicle-treated rats.Histological analysis showed that NC reduced astrogliosis, and apoptosis early after administration (day 4), but not at a later stage (day 56) after SCI. Proteomic studies (at day 56) pointed to the release of paracrine factors and identified proteins involved in regenerative processes. As stem cells seem to reach their effects in acute lesions by mainly suppressing (secondary) inflammation, it is thus realistic to expect a lower magnitude of their eventual beneficial effect in T-cell deficient rats, a fact reinforcing the robustness of Neuro-Cells efficacy. Taken together, this study indicates that an intrathecal instillation of Neuro-Cells holds great promise as a neuroregenerative intervention in a clinical setting with acute SCI patients.

OBJECTIVE: The Epilepsy Genetics Initiative (EGI) was formed in 2014 to create a centrally managed database of clinically generated exome sequence data. EGI performs systematic research-based reanalysis to identify new molecular diagnoses that were not possible at the time of initial sequencing and to aid in novel gene discovery. Herein we report on the efficacy of this approach 3 years after inception. METHODS: One hundred sixty-six individuals with epilepsy who underwent diagnostic whole exome sequencing (WES) were enrolled, including 139 who had not received a genetic diagnosis. Sequence data were transferred to the EGI and periodically reevaluated on a research basis. RESULTS: Eight new diagnoses were made as a result of updated annotations or the discovery of novel epilepsy genes after the initial diagnostic analysis was performed. In five additional cases, we provided new evidence to support or contradict the likelihood of variant pathogenicity reported by the laboratory. One novel epilepsy gene was discovered through dual interrogation of research and clinically generated WES. SIGNIFICANCE: EGI's diagnosis rate of 5.8% represents a considerable increase in diagnostic yield and demonstrates the value of periodic reinterrogation of whole exome data. The initiative's contributions to gene discovery underscore the importance of data sharing and the value of collaborative enterprises.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is an incurable disorder with an unmet need of an effective treatment. Recently, autologous human bone marrow-derived stem cells have shown to promote functional improvement, due to their anti-inflammatory and regenerative/apocrine properties. In this study, the primary objective was to test whether a single intrathecal injection with a 100 mu L suspension of 400,000 fresh human bone marrow-derived CD34(+) and an equal number of CMOS+ stem cells (Neuro-Cells (NC)), one day after balloon-compression of the spinal cord, improves motor function and reduces secondary damage in immunodeficient rats. During the first 5 weeks after this intervention, NC significantly improved locomotor recovery and induced less injury-associated adverse events compared to vehicle-treated rats.Histological analysis showed that NC reduced astrogliosis, and apoptosis early after administration (day 4), but not at a later stage (day 56) after SCI. Proteomic studies (at day 56) pointed to the release of paracrine factors and identified proteins involved in regenerative processes. As stem cells seem to reach their effects in acute lesions by mainly suppressing (secondary) inflammation, it is thus realistic to expect a lower magnitude of their eventual beneficial effect in T-cell deficient rats, a fact reinforcing the robustness of Neuro-Cells efficacy. Taken together, this study indicates that an intrathecal instillation of Neuro-Cells holds great promise as a neuroregenerative intervention in a clinical setting with acute SCI patients.