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CAR-T cell therapy targeting CD19 demonstrated strong activity against advanced B cell leukemia, however shows less efficacy against lymphoma with nodal dissemination. To target both B cell Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHLs) and follicular T helper (Tfh) cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), we apply here a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that recognizes human CXCR5 with high avidity. CXCR5, physiologically expressed on mature B and Tfh cells, is also highly expressed on nodal B-NHLs. Anti-CXCR5 CAR-T cells eradicate B-NHL cells and lymphoma-supportive Tfh cells more potently than CD19 CAR-T cells in vitro, and they efficiently inhibit lymphoma growth in a murine xenograft model. Administration of anti-murine CXCR5 CAR-T cells in syngeneic mice specifically depletes endogenous and malignant B and Tfh cells without unexpected on-target/off-tumor effects. Collectively, anti-CXCR5 CAR-T cells provide a promising treatment strategy for nodal B-NHLs through the simultaneous elimination of lymphoma B cells and Tfh cells of the tumor-supporting TME. CAR-T cell therapy targeting CD19 is not as efficient to treat lymphoma with nodal dissemination as it is for B cell leukaemia. Here, the authors generate CAR-T cells against CXCR5 and show they inhibit tumour growth by depleting both B and follicular T helper cells in lymphoma models.

Schon im frühen Alter wird in Schulen den Kindern das menschliche Sexualleben mit allen Risiken aber auch den positiven Seiten nähergebracht. Somit können ungewollte Schwangerschaften, sexuell übertragbare Infektionen oder andere negative Folgen von Unwissenheit um das Thema Sexualität vermieden und fundiertes Wissen darüber generiert werden. Dieser Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit der Sexualaufklärung der heutigen Zeit. Er fokussiert sich auf die Sexualaufklärung im Kontext der Schule und thematisiert hierbei die verschiedenen Kommunikationsformate. Wichtig bei einer Sexualaufklärung in der Schule ist das interaktive Lernformat. Die Schüler*innen sollen durch Fragen, Diskussionen und Reflexionen von eigenen Erfahrungen den Verlauf der Lerneinheiten mitbestimmen dürfen. Ein weiterer Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit sind die Anforderungen an die Fachkräfte. Lehrer*innen und Erzieher*innen benötigen unterschiedliche Kompetenzen und Qualifikationen in Bezug auf die altersgerechte Vermittlung von Themen der Sexualität. Empathiefähigkeit spielt hierbei eine große Rolle. Außerdem bietet dieser Beitrag einen kleinen Exkurs zur Sexualaufklärung in anderen europäischen Ländern. Schwerpunkte sind die Themen und Ziele der Sexualaufklärung in Finnland, Estland, Niederlande, England und Spanien., Already at an early age in schools children are introduced to the human sexual life with all its risks but also ist positive sides. In this way, unwanted pregnancies, sexually transmitted infections or other negative consequences of ignorance about sexuality can be avoided and sound knowledge about it can be generated. This article deals with sexuality education today. It focuses on sexuality education in the context of school and deals with communication formats. The interactive learning format is important for sex education in schools. The students should be allowed to participate in the course of the learning units through questions, discussions and reflections of their own experiences. A further focus of this work is the requirement on professionals. Teachers and educators need different competences and qualifications with regard to an age-appropriate teaching of sexuality topics. Empathy plays a major role here. In addition, this article offers a small digression on sexuality education in other European countries. The topics and goals of sexuality education in Finland, Estonia, the Netherlands, England and Spain are discussed.

CAR-T cell therapy targeting CD19 demonstrated strong activity against advanced B cell leukemia, however shows less efficacy against lymphoma with nodal dissemination. To target both B cell Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHLs) and follicular T helper (Tfh) cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), we apply here a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that recognizes human CXCR5 with high avidity. CXCR5, physiologically expressed on mature B and Tfh cells, is also highly expressed on nodal B-NHLs. Anti-CXCR5 CAR-T cells eradicate B-NHL cells and lymphoma-supportive Tfh cells more potently than CD19 CAR-T cells in vitro, and they efficiently inhibit lymphoma growth in a murine xenograft model. Administration of anti-murine CXCR5 CAR-T cells in syngeneic mice specifically depletes endogenous and malignant B and Tfh cells without unexpected on-target/off-tumor effects. Collectively, anti-CXCR5 CAR-T cells provide a promising treatment strategy for nodal B-NHLs through the simultaneous elimination of lymphoma B cells and Tfh cells of the tumor-supporting TME. CAR-T cell therapy targeting CD19 is not as efficient to treat lymphoma with nodal dissemination as it is for B cell leukaemia. Here, the authors generate CAR-T cells against CXCR5 and show they inhibit tumour growth by depleting both B and follicular T helper cells in lymphoma models.