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Starting from a simple concept, transferring the shape of an interference pattern directly to the surface of a material, the method of Direct Laser Interference Patterning (DLIP) has been continuously developed in the last 20 years. From lamppumped to high power diode-pumped lasers, DLIP permits today for the achievement of impressive processing speeds even close to 1 m²/min. The objective: to improve the erformance of surfaces by the use of periodically ordered microand nanostructures. This study describes 20 years of evolution of the DLIP method in Germany. From the structuring of thin metallic films to bulk materials using nano- and picosecond laser systems, going through different optical setups and industrial systems which have been recently developed. Several technological applications are discussed and summarized in this article including: surface micro-metallurgy, tribology, electrical connectors, biological interfaces, thin film organic solar cells and electrodes as well as decorative elements and safety features. In all cases, DLIP has not only shown to provide outstanding surface properties but also outstanding economic advantages compared to traditional methods.

Starting from a simple concept, transferring the shape of an interference pattern directly to the surface of a material, the method of Direct Laser Interference Patterning (DLIP) has been continuously developed in the last 20 years. From lamppumped to high power diode-pumped lasers, DLIP permits today for the achievement of impressive processing speeds even close to 1 m²/min. The objective: to improve the erformance of surfaces by the use of periodically ordered microand nanostructures. This study describes 20 years of evolution of the DLIP method in Germany. From the structuring of thin metallic films to bulk materials using nano- and picosecond laser systems, going through different optical setups and industrial systems which have been recently developed. Several technological applications are discussed and summarized in this article including: surface micro-metallurgy, tribology, electrical connectors, biological interfaces, thin film organic solar cells and electrodes as well as decorative elements and safety features. In all cases, DLIP has not only shown to provide outstanding surface properties but also outstanding economic advantages compared to traditional methods.

Starting from a simple concept, transferring the shape of an interference pattern directly to the surface of a material, the method of Direct Laser Interference Patterning (DLIP) has been continuously developed in the last 20 years. From lamppumped to high power diode-pumped lasers, DLIP permits today for the achievement of impressive processing speeds even close to 1 m²/min. The objective: to improve the erformance of surfaces by the use of periodically ordered microand nanostructures. This study describes 20 years of evolution of the DLIP method in Germany. From the structuring of thin metallic films to bulk materials using nano- and picosecond laser systems, going through different optical setups and industrial systems which have been recently developed. Several technological applications are discussed and summarized in this article including: surface micro-metallurgy, tribology, electrical connectors, biological interfaces, thin film organic solar cells and electrodes as well as decorative elements and safety features. In all cases, DLIP has not only shown to provide outstanding surface properties but also outstanding economic advantages compared to traditional methods.

Starting from a simple concept, transferring the shape of an interference pattern directly to the surface of a material, the method of Direct Laser Interference Patterning (DLIP) has been continuously developed in the last 20 years. From lamppumped to high power diode-pumped lasers, DLIP permits today for the achievement of impressive processing speeds even close to 1 m²/min. The objective: to improve the erformance of surfaces by the use of periodically ordered microand nanostructures. This study describes 20 years of evolution of the DLIP method in Germany. From the structuring of thin metallic films to bulk materials using nano- and picosecond laser systems, going through different optical setups and industrial systems which have been recently developed. Several technological applications are discussed and summarized in this article including: surface micro-metallurgy, tribology, electrical connectors, biological interfaces, thin film organic solar cells and electrodes as well as decorative elements and safety features. In all cases, DLIP has not only shown to provide outstanding surface properties but also outstanding economic advantages compared to traditional methods.

Smart surfaces are a source of innovation in the 21^st Century. Potential applications can be found in a wide range of fields where improved optical, mechanical or biological properties can enhance the functions of products. In the last years, a method called Direct LaserInterference Patterning (DLIP) has demonstrated to be capable of fabricating a wide range of periodic surface patterns even with resolution at the nanometer and sub-micrometer scales. This article describes recent advances of the DLIP method to process 2D and 3D parts. Firstly, the possibility to fabricate periodic arrays on metallic substrates with sub-micrometer resolution is shown. After that, different concepts to process three dimensional parts are shown, including the use of Cartesian translational stages as well as an industrial robot arm. Finally, some application examples aredescribed.

Smart surfaces are a source of innovation in the 21^st Century. Potential applications can be found in a wide range of fields where improved optical, mechanical or biological properties can enhance the functions of products. In the last years, a method called Direct LaserInterference Patterning (DLIP) has demonstrated to be capable of fabricating a wide range of periodic surface patterns even with resolution at the nanometer and sub-micrometer scales. This article describes recent advances of the DLIP method to process 2D and 3D parts. Firstly, the possibility to fabricate periodic arrays on metallic substrates with sub-micrometer resolution is shown. After that, different concepts to process three dimensional parts are shown, including the use of Cartesian translational stages as well as an industrial robot arm. Finally, some application examples aredescribed.

Smart surfaces are a source of innovation in the 21^st Century. Potential applications can be found in a wide range of fields where improved optical, mechanical or biological properties can enhance the functions of products. In the last years, a method called Direct LaserInterference Patterning (DLIP) has demonstrated to be capable of fabricating a wide range of periodic surface patterns even with resolution at the nanometer and sub-micrometer scales. This article describes recent advances of the DLIP method to process 2D and 3D parts. Firstly, the possibility to fabricate periodic arrays on metallic substrates with sub-micrometer resolution is shown. After that, different concepts to process three dimensional parts are shown, including the use of Cartesian translational stages as well as an industrial robot arm. Finally, some application examples aredescribed.

Smart surfaces are a source of innovation in the 21^st Century. Potential applications can be found in a wide range of fields where improved optical, mechanical or biological properties can enhance the functions of products. In the last years, a method called Direct LaserInterference Patterning (DLIP) has demonstrated to be capable of fabricating a wide range of periodic surface patterns even with resolution at the nanometer and sub-micrometer scales. This article describes recent advances of the DLIP method to process 2D and 3D parts. Firstly, the possibility to fabricate periodic arrays on metallic substrates with sub-micrometer resolution is shown. After that, different concepts to process three dimensional parts are shown, including the use of Cartesian translational stages as well as an industrial robot arm. Finally, some application examples aredescribed.

Forming processes typically require the use of lubricants to reduce friction and wear of the tools as well as to protect the semi-finished products. Since cleaning of forming products is costly and time-expensive, there is a need to eliminate the use of lubricants. An approach to improve the performance of tools in dry forming is by producing micro structured tools or even to structure the semi-finished products. This study presents an overview about the potential application of direct laser interference patterning for the functionalization of surfaces involved in dry metal forming processes.

Waste prevention and an efficient use of resources becomes more and more important in industry from both an economic and environmental point of view. Especially in forming processes such as deep drawing, lubricants are nowadays still an inevitable part to reduce the friction forces and to protect the tools against wear. Since cleaning of forming products is costly and time-expensive, a complete elimination of lubricants is desirable. Ultimately, the highest savings can be realized by a complete lubricant free deep drawing process â namely dry forming. In this paper, tribological optimization of dry forming tools for lubricant-free forming by means of a protective coating and micro-structuring of the tool is presented. While focusing on the improvement of frictional and wear properties, it is shown that ta-C coated tools operated in a dry environment can reduce friction up to 15% compared to the lubricated case. Moreover, it is outlined that a micro-structuring of the tool by Direct Laser Interference Patterning technology can significantly reduce the tools wear.

Forming processes typically require the use of lubricants to reduce friction and wear of the tools as well as to protect the semi-finished products. Since cleaning of forming products is costly and time-expensive, there is a need to eliminate the use of lubricants. An approach to improve the performance of tools in dry forming is by producing micro structured tools or even to structure the semi-finished products. This study presents an overview about the potential application of direct laser interference patterning for the functionalization of surfaces involved in dry metal forming processes.

Waste prevention and an efficient use of resources becomes more and more important in industry from both an economic and environmental point of view. Especially in forming processes such as deep drawing, lubricants are nowadays still an inevitable part to reduce the friction forces and to protect the tools against wear. Since cleaning of forming products is costly and time-expensive, a complete elimination of lubricants is desirable. Ultimately, the highest savings can be realized by a complete lubricant free deep drawing process â namely dry forming. In this paper, tribological optimization of dry forming tools for lubricant-free forming by means of a protective coating and micro-structuring of the tool is presented. While focusing on the improvement of frictional and wear properties, it is shown that ta-C coated tools operated in a dry environment can reduce friction up to 15% compared to the lubricated case. Moreover, it is outlined that a micro-structuring of the tool by Direct Laser Interference Patterning technology can significantly reduce the tools wear.

Waste prevention and an efficient use of resources becomes more and more important in industry from both an economic and environmental point of view. Especially in forming processes such as deep drawing, lubricants are nowadays still an inevitable part to reduce the friction forces and to protect the tools against wear. Since cleaning of forming products is costly and time-expensive, a complete elimination of lubricants is desirable. Ultimately, the highest savings can be realized by a complete lubricant free deep drawing process â namely dry forming. In this paper, tribological optimization of dry forming tools for lubricant-free forming by means of a protective coating and micro-structuring of the tool is presented. While focusing on the improvement of frictional and wear properties, it is shown that ta-C coated tools operated in a dry environment can reduce friction up to 15% compared to the lubricated case. Moreover, it is outlined that a micro-structuring of the tool by Direct Laser Interference Patterning technology can significantly reduce the tools wear.

Forming processes typically require the use of lubricants to reduce friction and wear of the tools as well as to protect the semi-finished products. Since cleaning of forming products is costly and time-expensive, there is a need to eliminate the use of lubricants. An approach to improve the performance of tools in dry forming is by producing micro structured tools or even to structure the semi-finished products. This study presents an overview about the potential application of direct laser interference patterning for the functionalization of surfaces involved in dry metal forming processes.

Forming processes typically require the use of lubricants to reduce friction and wear of the tools as well as to protect the semi-finished products. Since cleaning of forming products is costly and time-expensive, there is a need to eliminate the use of lubricants. An approach to improve the performance of tools in dry forming is by producing micro structured tools or even to structure the semi-finished products. This study presents an overview about the potential application of direct laser interference patterning for the functionalization of surfaces involved in dry metal forming processes.

Waste prevention and an efficient use of resources becomes more and more important in industry from both an economic and environmental point of view. Especially in forming processes such as deep drawing, lubricants are nowadays still an inevitable part to reduce the friction forces and to protect the tools against wear. Since cleaning of forming products is costly and time-expensive, a complete elimination of lubricants is desirable. Ultimately, the highest savings can be realized by a complete lubricant free deep drawing process â namely dry forming. In this paper, tribological optimization of dry forming tools for lubricant-free forming by means of a protective coating and micro-structuring of the tool is presented. While focusing on the improvement of frictional and wear properties, it is shown that ta-C coated tools operated in a dry environment can reduce friction up to 15% compared to the lubricated case. Moreover, it is outlined that a micro-structuring of the tool by Direct Laser Interference Patterning technology can significantly reduce the tools wear.