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1. Hunting keV sterile neutrinos with KATRIN: Building the first TRISTAN module

Author

Houdy, T, Alborini, A, Altenmuller, K, Biassoni, M, Bombelli, L, Brunst, T, Carminati, M, Descher, M, Fink, D, Fiorini, C, Gugiatti, M, Huber, A, King, P, Korzeczek, M, Lebert, M, Lechner, P, Mertens, S, Pavan, M, Pozzi, S, Radford, D, Sedlak, A, Siegmann, D, Urban, K, Wolf, J, Houdy T., Alborini A., Altenmuller K., Biassoni M., Bombelli L., Brunst T., Carminati M., Descher M., Fink D., Fiorini C., Gugiatti M., Huber A., King P., Korzeczek M., Lebert M., Lechner P., Mertens S., Pavan M., Pozzi S., Radford D. C., Sedlak A., Siegmann D., Urban K., Wolf J., Houdy, T, Alborini, A, Altenmuller, K, Biassoni, M, Bombelli, L, Brunst, T, Carminati, M, Descher, M, Fink, D, Fiorini, C, Gugiatti, M, Huber, A, King, P, Korzeczek, M, Lebert, M, Lechner, P, Mertens, S, Pavan, M, Pozzi, S, Radford, D, Sedlak, A, Siegmann, D, Urban, K, Wolf, J, Houdy T., Alborini A., Altenmuller K., Biassoni M., Bombelli L., Brunst T., Carminati M., Descher M., Fink D., Fiorini C., Gugiatti M., Huber A., King P., Korzeczek M., Lebert M., Lechner P., Mertens S., Pavan M., Pozzi S., Radford D. C., Sedlak A., Siegmann D., Urban K., and Wolf J.

Abstract

The KATRIN (Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino) experiment investigates the energetic endpoint of the tritium beta-decay spectrum to determine the effective mass of the electron anti-neutrino. The collaboration has reported a first mass measurement result at this TAUP-2019 conference. The TRISTAN project aims at detecting a keV-sterile neutrino signature by measuring the entire tritium beta-decay spectrum with an upgraded KATRIN system. One of the greatest challenges is to handle the high signal rates generated by the strong activity of the KATRIN tritium source while maintaining a good energy resolution. Therefore, a novel multi-pixel silicon drift detector and read-out system are being designed to handle rates of about 100 Mcps with an energy resolution better than 300 eV (FWHM). This report presents succinctly the KATRIN experiment, the TRISTAN project, then the results of the first 7-pixels prototype measurement campaign and finally describes the construction of the first TRISTAN module composed of 166 SDD-pixels as well as its implementation in KATRIN experiment.

Published
2020

2. First operation of the KATRIN experiment with tritium

Author

Aker, M., Altenmüller, K., Arenz, M., Baek, W. -J., Barrett, J., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Blaum, K., Block, F., Bobien, S., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Bouquet, H., Brunst, T., Caldwell, T. S., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Debowski, K., Deffert, M., Descher, M., Barrero, D. Díaz, Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Dyba, S., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Eversheim, D., Fedkevych, M., Felden, A., Formaggio, J. A., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Frankrone, H., Friedel, F., Fuchs, D., Fulst, A., Gauda, K., Gil, W., Glück, F., Grohmann, S., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hackenjos, M., Hannen, V., Hartmann, J., Haußmann, N., Minh, M. Ha, Heizmann, F., Heizmann, J., Helbing, K., Hickford, S., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Höhn, T., Holzapfel, B., Holzmann, S., Houdy, T., Howe, M. A., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Karl, C., Kellerer, J., Kernert, N., Kippenbrock, L., Kleesiek, M., Klein, M., Köhler, C., Köllenberger, L., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Krause, H., Kuffner, B., Kunka, N., Lasserre, T., La Cascio, L., Lebeda, O., Lebert, M., Lehnert, B., Letnev, J., Leven, F., Le, T. L., Lichter, S., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Malcherek, E., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Megas, F., Melzer, C., Menshikov, A., Mertens, S., Meier, M., Mirz, S., Monreal, B., Guzmán, P. I. Morales, Müller, K., Naumann, U., Neumann, H., Niemes, S., Noe, M., Off, A., Ortjohann, H. -W., Osipowicz, A., Otten, E., Parno, D. S., Pollithy, A., Poon, A. W. P., Poyato, J. M. L., Priester, F., Ranitzsch, P. C. -O., Rest, O., Rinderspacher, R., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodenbeck, C., Rohr, P., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Schäfer, P., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, K., Schlösser, M., Schlüter, L., Schrank, M., Schulz, B., Seitz-Moskaliuk, H., Seller, W., Sibille, V., Siegmann, D., Slezák, M., Spanier, F., Steidl, M., Steven, M., Sturm, M., Suesser, M., Sun, M., Tcherniakhovski, D., Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Trost, N., Urban, K., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Vianden, R., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Weber, M., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., Xu, W., Yen, Y. -R., Zadorozhny, S., Zeller, G., Aker, M., Altenmüller, K., Arenz, M., Baek, W. -J., Barrett, J., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Blaum, K., Block, F., Bobien, S., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Bouquet, H., Brunst, T., Caldwell, T. S., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Debowski, K., Deffert, M., Descher, M., Barrero, D. Díaz, Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Dyba, S., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Eversheim, D., Fedkevych, M., Felden, A., Formaggio, J. A., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Frankrone, H., Friedel, F., Fuchs, D., Fulst, A., Gauda, K., Gil, W., Glück, F., Grohmann, S., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hackenjos, M., Hannen, V., Hartmann, J., Haußmann, N., Minh, M. Ha, Heizmann, F., Heizmann, J., Helbing, K., Hickford, S., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Höhn, T., Holzapfel, B., Holzmann, S., Houdy, T., Howe, M. A., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Karl, C., Kellerer, J., Kernert, N., Kippenbrock, L., Kleesiek, M., Klein, M., Köhler, C., Köllenberger, L., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Krause, H., Kuffner, B., Kunka, N., Lasserre, T., La Cascio, L., Lebeda, O., Lebert, M., Lehnert, B., Letnev, J., Leven, F., Le, T. L., Lichter, S., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Malcherek, E., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Megas, F., Melzer, C., Menshikov, A., Mertens, S., Meier, M., Mirz, S., Monreal, B., Guzmán, P. I. Morales, Müller, K., Naumann, U., Neumann, H., Niemes, S., Noe, M., Off, A., Ortjohann, H. -W., Osipowicz, A., Otten, E., Parno, D. S., Pollithy, A., Poon, A. W. P., Poyato, J. M. L., Priester, F., Ranitzsch, P. C. -O., Rest, O., Rinderspacher, R., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodenbeck, C., Rohr, P., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Schäfer, P., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, K., Schlösser, M., Schlüter, L., Schrank, M., Schulz, B., Seitz-Moskaliuk, H., Seller, W., Sibille, V., Siegmann, D., Slezák, M., Spanier, F., Steidl, M., Steven, M., Sturm, M., Suesser, M., Sun, M., Tcherniakhovski, D., Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Trost, N., Urban, K., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Vianden, R., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Weber, M., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., Xu, W., Yen, Y. -R., Zadorozhny, S., and Zeller, G.

Abstract

The determination of the neutrino mass is one of the major challenges in astroparticle physics today. Direct neutrino mass experiments, based solely on the kinematics of beta-decay, provide a largely model-independent probe to the neutrino mass scale. The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment is designed to directly measure the effective electron antineutrino mass with a sensitivity of 0.2 eV 90% CL. In this work we report on the first operation of KATRIN with tritium which took place in 2018. During this commissioning phase of the tritium circulation system, excellent agreement of the theoretical prediction with the recorded spectra was found and stable conditions over a time period of 13 days could be established. These results are an essential prerequisite for the subsequent neutrino mass measurements with KATRIN in 2019.

Published
2019
Full Text
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3. First operation of the KATRIN experiment with tritium

Author

Aker, M., Altenmüller, K., Arenz, M., Baek, W. -J., Barrett, J., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Blaum, K., Block, F., Bobien, S., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Bouquet, H., Brunst, T., Caldwell, T. S., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Debowski, K., Deffert, M., Descher, M., Barrero, D. Díaz, Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Dyba, S., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Eversheim, D., Fedkevych, M., Felden, A., Formaggio, J. A., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Frankrone, H., Friedel, F., Fuchs, D., Fulst, A., Gauda, K., Gil, W., Glück, F., Grohmann, S., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hackenjos, M., Hannen, V., Hartmann, J., Haußmann, N., Minh, M. Ha, Heizmann, F., Heizmann, J., Helbing, K., Hickford, S., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Höhn, T., Holzapfel, B., Holzmann, S., Houdy, T., Howe, M. A., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Karl, C., Kellerer, J., Kernert, N., Kippenbrock, L., Kleesiek, M., Klein, M., Köhler, C., Köllenberger, L., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Krause, H., Kuffner, B., Kunka, N., Lasserre, T., La Cascio, L., Lebeda, O., Lebert, M., Lehnert, B., Letnev, J., Leven, F., Le, T. L., Lichter, S., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Malcherek, E., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Megas, F., Melzer, C., Menshikov, A., Mertens, S., Meier, M., Mirz, S., Monreal, B., Guzmán, P. I. Morales, Müller, K., Naumann, U., Neumann, H., Niemes, S., Noe, M., Off, A., Ortjohann, H. -W., Osipowicz, A., Otten, E., Parno, D. S., Pollithy, A., Poon, A. W. P., Poyato, J. M. L., Priester, F., Ranitzsch, P. C. -O., Rest, O., Rinderspacher, R., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodenbeck, C., Rohr, P., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Schäfer, P., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, K., Schlösser, M., Schlüter, L., Schrank, M., Schulz, B., Seitz-Moskaliuk, H., Seller, W., Sibille, V., Siegmann, D., Slezák, M., Spanier, F., Steidl, M., Steven, M., Sturm, M., Suesser, M., Sun, M., Tcherniakhovski, D., Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Trost, N., Urban, K., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Vianden, R., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Weber, M., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., Xu, W., Yen, Y. -R., Zadorozhny, S., Zeller, G., Aker, M., Altenmüller, K., Arenz, M., Baek, W. -J., Barrett, J., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Blaum, K., Block, F., Bobien, S., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Bouquet, H., Brunst, T., Caldwell, T. S., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Debowski, K., Deffert, M., Descher, M., Barrero, D. Díaz, Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Dyba, S., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Eversheim, D., Fedkevych, M., Felden, A., Formaggio, J. A., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Frankrone, H., Friedel, F., Fuchs, D., Fulst, A., Gauda, K., Gil, W., Glück, F., Grohmann, S., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hackenjos, M., Hannen, V., Hartmann, J., Haußmann, N., Minh, M. Ha, Heizmann, F., Heizmann, J., Helbing, K., Hickford, S., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Höhn, T., Holzapfel, B., Holzmann, S., Houdy, T., Howe, M. A., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Karl, C., Kellerer, J., Kernert, N., Kippenbrock, L., Kleesiek, M., Klein, M., Köhler, C., Köllenberger, L., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Krause, H., Kuffner, B., Kunka, N., Lasserre, T., La Cascio, L., Lebeda, O., Lebert, M., Lehnert, B., Letnev, J., Leven, F., Le, T. L., Lichter, S., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Malcherek, E., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Megas, F., Melzer, C., Menshikov, A., Mertens, S., Meier, M., Mirz, S., Monreal, B., Guzmán, P. I. Morales, Müller, K., Naumann, U., Neumann, H., Niemes, S., Noe, M., Off, A., Ortjohann, H. -W., Osipowicz, A., Otten, E., Parno, D. S., Pollithy, A., Poon, A. W. P., Poyato, J. M. L., Priester, F., Ranitzsch, P. C. -O., Rest, O., Rinderspacher, R., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodenbeck, C., Rohr, P., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Schäfer, P., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, K., Schlösser, M., Schlüter, L., Schrank, M., Schulz, B., Seitz-Moskaliuk, H., Seller, W., Sibille, V., Siegmann, D., Slezák, M., Spanier, F., Steidl, M., Steven, M., Sturm, M., Suesser, M., Sun, M., Tcherniakhovski, D., Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Trost, N., Urban, K., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Vianden, R., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Weber, M., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., Xu, W., Yen, Y. -R., Zadorozhny, S., and Zeller, G.

Abstract

The determination of the neutrino mass is one of the major challenges in astroparticle physics today. Direct neutrino mass experiments, based solely on the kinematics of beta-decay, provide a largely model-independent probe to the neutrino mass scale. The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment is designed to directly measure the effective electron antineutrino mass with a sensitivity of 0.2 eV 90% CL. In this work we report on the first operation of KATRIN with tritium which took place in 2018. During this commissioning phase of the tritium circulation system, excellent agreement of the theoretical prediction with the recorded spectra was found and stable conditions over a time period of 13 days could be established. These results are an essential prerequisite for the subsequent neutrino mass measurements with KATRIN in 2019.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. First operation of the KATRIN experiment with tritium

Author

Aker, M., Altenmüller, K., Arenz, M., Baek, W. -J., Barrett, J., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Blaum, K., Block, F., Bobien, S., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Bouquet, H., Brunst, T., Caldwell, T. S., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Debowski, K., Deffert, M., Descher, M., Barrero, D. Díaz, Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Dyba, S., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Eversheim, D., Fedkevych, M., Felden, A., Formaggio, J. A., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Frankrone, H., Friedel, F., Fuchs, D., Fulst, A., Gauda, K., Gil, W., Glück, F., Grohmann, S., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hackenjos, M., Hannen, V., Hartmann, J., Haußmann, N., Minh, M. Ha, Heizmann, F., Heizmann, J., Helbing, K., Hickford, S., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Höhn, T., Holzapfel, B., Holzmann, S., Houdy, T., Howe, M. A., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Karl, C., Kellerer, J., Kernert, N., Kippenbrock, L., Kleesiek, M., Klein, M., Köhler, C., Köllenberger, L., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Krause, H., Kuffner, B., Kunka, N., Lasserre, T., La Cascio, L., Lebeda, O., Lebert, M., Lehnert, B., Letnev, J., Leven, F., Le, T. L., Lichter, S., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Malcherek, E., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Megas, F., Melzer, C., Menshikov, A., Mertens, S., Meier, M., Mirz, S., Monreal, B., Guzmán, P. I. Morales, Müller, K., Naumann, U., Neumann, H., Niemes, S., Noe, M., Off, A., Ortjohann, H. -W., Osipowicz, A., Otten, E., Parno, D. S., Pollithy, A., Poon, A. W. P., Poyato, J. M. L., Priester, F., Ranitzsch, P. C. -O., Rest, O., Rinderspacher, R., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodenbeck, C., Rohr, P., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Schäfer, P., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, K., Schlösser, M., Schlüter, L., Schrank, M., Schulz, B., Seitz-Moskaliuk, H., Seller, W., Sibille, V., Siegmann, D., Slezák, M., Spanier, F., Steidl, M., Steven, M., Sturm, M., Suesser, M., Sun, M., Tcherniakhovski, D., Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Trost, N., Urban, K., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Vianden, R., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Weber, M., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., Xu, W., Yen, Y. -R., Zadorozhny, S., Zeller, G., Aker, M., Altenmüller, K., Arenz, M., Baek, W. -J., Barrett, J., Beglarian, A., Behrens, J., Berlev, A., Besserer, U., Blaum, K., Block, F., Bobien, S., Bornschein, B., Bornschein, L., Bouquet, H., Brunst, T., Caldwell, T. S., Chilingaryan, S., Choi, W., Debowski, K., Deffert, M., Descher, M., Barrero, D. Díaz, Doe, P. J., Dragoun, O., Drexlin, G., Dyba, S., Edzards, F., Eitel, K., Ellinger, E., Engel, R., Enomoto, S., Eversheim, D., Fedkevych, M., Felden, A., Formaggio, J. A., Fränkle, F. M., Franklin, G. B., Frankrone, H., Friedel, F., Fuchs, D., Fulst, A., Gauda, K., Gil, W., Glück, F., Grohmann, S., Grössle, R., Gumbsheimer, R., Hackenjos, M., Hannen, V., Hartmann, J., Haußmann, N., Minh, M. Ha, Heizmann, F., Heizmann, J., Helbing, K., Hickford, S., Hillesheimer, D., Hinz, D., Höhn, T., Holzapfel, B., Holzmann, S., Houdy, T., Howe, M. A., Huber, A., Jansen, A., Karl, C., Kellerer, J., Kernert, N., Kippenbrock, L., Kleesiek, M., Klein, M., Köhler, C., Köllenberger, L., Kopmann, A., Korzeczek, M., Kovalík, A., Krasch, B., Krause, H., Kuffner, B., Kunka, N., Lasserre, T., La Cascio, L., Lebeda, O., Lebert, M., Lehnert, B., Letnev, J., Leven, F., Le, T. L., Lichter, S., Lokhov, A., Machatschek, M., Malcherek, E., Mark, M., Marsteller, A., Martin, E. L., Megas, F., Melzer, C., Menshikov, A., Mertens, S., Meier, M., Mirz, S., Monreal, B., Guzmán, P. I. Morales, Müller, K., Naumann, U., Neumann, H., Niemes, S., Noe, M., Off, A., Ortjohann, H. -W., Osipowicz, A., Otten, E., Parno, D. S., Pollithy, A., Poon, A. W. P., Poyato, J. M. L., Priester, F., Ranitzsch, P. C. -O., Rest, O., Rinderspacher, R., Robertson, R. G. H., Rodenbeck, C., Rohr, P., Röllig, M., Röttele, C., Ryšavý, M., Sack, R., Saenz, A., Schäfer, P., Schimpf, L., Schlösser, K., Schlösser, M., Schlüter, L., Schrank, M., Schulz, B., Seitz-Moskaliuk, H., Seller, W., Sibille, V., Siegmann, D., Slezák, M., Spanier, F., Steidl, M., Steven, M., Sturm, M., Suesser, M., Sun, M., Tcherniakhovski, D., Telle, H. H., Thorne, L. A., Thümmler, T., Titov, N., Tkachev, I., Trost, N., Urban, K., Valerius, K., Vénos, D., Vianden, R., Hernández, A. P. Vizcaya, Weber, M., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, C., Welte, S., Wendel, J., Wilkerson, J. F., Wolf, J., Wüstling, S., Xu, W., Yen, Y. -R., Zadorozhny, S., and Zeller, G.

Abstract

The determination of the neutrino mass is one of the major challenges in astroparticle physics today. Direct neutrino mass experiments, based solely on the kinematics of beta-decay, provide a largely model-independent probe to the neutrino mass scale. The Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) experiment is designed to directly measure the effective electron antineutrino mass with a sensitivity of 0.2 eV 90% CL. In this work we report on the first operation of KATRIN with tritium which took place in 2018. During this commissioning phase of the tritium circulation system, excellent agreement of the theoretical prediction with the recorded spectra was found and stable conditions over a time period of 13 days could be established. These results are an essential prerequisite for the subsequent neutrino mass measurements with KATRIN in 2019.

Published
2019
Full Text
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5. Search for Recent 60Fe Deposition in Antarctic Snow via AMS

Author

Koll, D., Busser, C., Faestermann, T., Fimiani, L., Gomez-Guzman, J. M., Kinast, A., Korschinek, G., Krieg, D., Lebert, M., Merchel, S., Sterba, J., Welch, J., Kipfstuhl, S., Koll, D., Busser, C., Faestermann, T., Fimiani, L., Gomez-Guzman, J. M., Kinast, A., Korschinek, G., Krieg, D., Lebert, M., Merchel, S., Sterba, J., Welch, J., and Kipfstuhl, S.

Abstract

60Fe with a half-life of 2.6 Myr [1] is produced in stellar Environments and ejected into space mainly by core-collapse supernovae. Due to its long half-life, traces of 60Fe were deposited and incorporated on Earth and on the Moon and have been detected there [2,3,4,5]. Here, a new possible reservoir will be presented: Antarctic snow. This time, in contrast to former investigations, any signal detected would be recent material which might origin from the local interstellar cloud. 500 kg of Antarctic snow were chemically processed and are going to be analyzed by AMS in Munich at the 14 MV tandem. First results for 60Fe measurements will be presented as well as chemical extraction methods applied. [1] Rugel et. al. ; Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 072502 (2009) [2] Knie et. al. ; Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 171103 (2004) [3] Ludwig et. al. ; PNAS 113 (33), 9232-9237 (2016) [4] Wallner et. al. ; Nature 532, 69-72 (2016) [5] Fimiani et. al. ; Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 151104 (2016)

Published
2018

6. The Flux of Interplanetary Dust on Earth: Status

Author

Krieg, D., Busser, C., Faestermann, T., Fimiani, L., Gomez-Guzman, J. M., Kinast, A., Koll, D., Korschinek, G., Lebert, M., Merchel, S., Welch, J., Kipfstuhl, S., Krieg, D., Busser, C., Faestermann, T., Fimiani, L., Gomez-Guzman, J. M., Kinast, A., Koll, D., Korschinek, G., Lebert, M., Merchel, S., Welch, J., and Kipfstuhl, S.

Abstract

Earth’s accumulation rate of Interplanetary Dust Particles (IDPs) is a matter of discussion, ranging from 5 (middle atmosphere measurements) up to 300 (space borne dust detection) tons per day. A new approach for a more precise measurement of this accumulation rate is made by extracting manganese from 500 kg of Antarctic snow collected near the Kohnen station, and measuring the concentration of 53Mn with AMS at the MLL in Munich. This 53Mn (t1/2 = 3.7 Ma) is mostly produced by nuclear reactions of cosmic rays on the iron of the IDPs. Relating the amount of 53Mn to the precipitation rate, a meridional transport and deposition model based on 10Be measurements, and to a chemical model of meteoritic ablation will help to reduce the uncertainty of the IDP input on Earth. The method of our measurement and the status of this study will be discussed.

Published
2018

7. Search for Recent 60Fe Deposition in Antarctic Snow via AMS

Author

Koll, D., Busser, C., Faestermann, T., Fimiani, L., Gomez-Guzman, J. M., Kinast, A., Korschinek, G., Krieg, D., Lebert, M., Merchel, S., Sterba, J., Welch, J., Kipfstuhl, S., Koll, D., Busser, C., Faestermann, T., Fimiani, L., Gomez-Guzman, J. M., Kinast, A., Korschinek, G., Krieg, D., Lebert, M., Merchel, S., Sterba, J., Welch, J., and Kipfstuhl, S.

Abstract

60Fe with a half-life of 2.6 Myr [1] is produced in stellar Environments and ejected into space mainly by core-collapse supernovae. Due to its long half-life, traces of 60Fe were deposited and incorporated on Earth and on the Moon and have been detected there [2,3,4,5]. Here, a new possible reservoir will be presented: Antarctic snow. This time, in contrast to former investigations, any signal detected would be recent material which might origin from the local interstellar cloud. 500 kg of Antarctic snow were chemically processed and are going to be analyzed by AMS in Munich at the 14 MV tandem. First results for 60Fe measurements will be presented as well as chemical extraction methods applied. [1] Rugel et. al. ; Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 072502 (2009) [2] Knie et. al. ; Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 171103 (2004) [3] Ludwig et. al. ; PNAS 113 (33), 9232-9237 (2016) [4] Wallner et. al. ; Nature 532, 69-72 (2016) [5] Fimiani et. al. ; Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 151104 (2016)

Published
2018

8. The Flux of Interplanetary Dust on Earth: Status

Author

Krieg, D., Busser, C., Faestermann, T., Fimiani, L., Gomez-Guzman, J. M., Kinast, A., Koll, D., Korschinek, G., Lebert, M., Merchel, S., Welch, J., Kipfstuhl, S., Krieg, D., Busser, C., Faestermann, T., Fimiani, L., Gomez-Guzman, J. M., Kinast, A., Koll, D., Korschinek, G., Lebert, M., Merchel, S., Welch, J., and Kipfstuhl, S.

Abstract

Earth’s accumulation rate of Interplanetary Dust Particles (IDPs) is a matter of discussion, ranging from 5 (middle atmosphere measurements) up to 300 (space borne dust detection) tons per day. A new approach for a more precise measurement of this accumulation rate is made by extracting manganese from 500 kg of Antarctic snow collected near the Kohnen station, and measuring the concentration of 53Mn with AMS at the MLL in Munich. This 53Mn (t1/2 = 3.7 Ma) is mostly produced by nuclear reactions of cosmic rays on the iron of the IDPs. Relating the amount of 53Mn to the precipitation rate, a meridional transport and deposition model based on 10Be measurements, and to a chemical model of meteoritic ablation will help to reduce the uncertainty of the IDP input on Earth. The method of our measurement and the status of this study will be discussed.

Published
2018

9. Window contamination on Expose-R

Author

Demets, R., Bertrand, M., Bolkhovitinov, A., Bryson, K., Colas, C., Cottin, H., Dettmann, J., Ehrenfreund, P., Elsaesser, A., Jaramillo, E., Lebert, M., van Papendrecht, G., Pereira, C., Rohr, T., Saiagh, K., Schuster, M., Demets, R., Bertrand, M., Bolkhovitinov, A., Bryson, K., Colas, C., Cottin, H., Dettmann, J., Ehrenfreund, P., Elsaesser, A., Jaramillo, E., Lebert, M., van Papendrecht, G., Pereira, C., Rohr, T., Saiagh, K., and Schuster, M.

Abstract

Expose is a multi-user instrument for astrobiological and astrochemical experiments in space. Installed at the outer surface of the International Space Station, it enables investigators to study the impact of the open space environment on biological and biochemical test samples. Two Expose missions have been completed so far, designated as Expose-E (Rabbow et al. 2012) and Expose-R (Rabbow et al. this issue). One of the space-unique environmental factors offered by Expose is full-spectrum, ultraviolet (UV)-rich electromagnetic radiation from the Sun. This paper describes and analyses how on Expose-R, access of the test samples to Solar radiation degraded during space exposure in an unpredicted way. Several windows in front of the Sun-exposed test samples acquired a brown shade, resulting in a reduced transparency in visible light, UV and vacuum UV (VUV). Post-flight investigations revealed the discolouration to be caused by a homogenous film of cross-linked organic polymers at the inside of the windows. The chemical signature varied per sample carrier. No such films were found on windows from sealed, pressurized compartments, or on windows that had been kept out of the Sun. This suggests that volatile compounds originating from the interior of the Expose facility were cross-linked and photo-fixed by Solar irradiation at the rear side of the windows. The origin of the volatiles was not fully identified; most probably there was a variety of sources involved including the biological test samples, adhesives, plastics and printed circuit boards. The outer surface of the windows (pointing into space) was chemically impacted as well, with a probable effect on the transparency in VUV. The reported analysis of the window contamination on Expose-R is expected to help the interpretation of the scientific results and offers possibilities to mitigate this problem on future missions-in particular Expose-R2, the direct successor of Expose-R

Published
2017

10. Impact of a high magnetic field on the orientation of gravitactic unicellular organisms-a critical consideration about the application of magnetic fields to mimic functional weightlessness

Author

Hemmersbach, R., Simon, A., Wasser, K., Hauslage, J., Christianen, P.C.M., Albers, P.W., Lebert, M., Richter, P., Alt, W., Anken, R., Hemmersbach, R., Simon, A., Wasser, K., Hauslage, J., Christianen, P.C.M., Albers, P.W., Lebert, M., Richter, P., Alt, W., and Anken, R.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext

Published
2014

11. Impact of a high magnetic field on the orientation of gravitactic unicellular organisms-a critical consideration about the application of magnetic fields to mimic functional weightlessness

Author

Hemmersbach, R., Simon, A., Wasser, K., Hauslage, J., Christianen, P.C.M., Albers, P.W., Lebert, M., Richter, P., Alt, W., Anken, R., Hemmersbach, R., Simon, A., Wasser, K., Hauslage, J., Christianen, P.C.M., Albers, P.W., Lebert, M., Richter, P., Alt, W., and Anken, R.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext

Published
2014

12. Impact of a high magnetic field on the orientation of gravitactic unicellular organisms-a critical consideration about the application of magnetic fields to mimic functional weightlessness

Author

Hemmersbach, R., Simon, A., Wasser, K., Hauslage, J., Christianen, P.C.M., Albers, P.W., Lebert, M., Richter, P., Alt, W., Anken, R., Hemmersbach, R., Simon, A., Wasser, K., Hauslage, J., Christianen, P.C.M., Albers, P.W., Lebert, M., Richter, P., Alt, W., and Anken, R.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext

Published
2014

13. Ground-Based Facilities for Simulation of Microgravity: Organism-Specific Recommendations for Their Use, and Recommended Terminology

Author

Herranz, R., Anken, R., Boonstra, J., Braun, M., Christianen, P.C.M., Geest, M. van der, Hauslage, J., Hilbig, R., Hill, R.J., Lebert, M., Medina, F.J., Vagt, N., Ullrich, O., Loon, J.J. van, Hemmersbach, R., Herranz, R., Anken, R., Boonstra, J., Braun, M., Christianen, P.C.M., Geest, M. van der, Hauslage, J., Hilbig, R., Hill, R.J., Lebert, M., Medina, F.J., Vagt, N., Ullrich, O., Loon, J.J. van, and Hemmersbach, R.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext

Published
2013

14. Ground-Based Facilities for Simulation of Microgravity: Organism-Specific Recommendations for Their Use, and Recommended Terminology

Author

Herranz, R., Anken, R., Boonstra, J., Braun, M., Christianen, P.C.M., Geest, M. van der, Hauslage, J., Hilbig, R., Hill, R.J., Lebert, M., Medina, F.J., Vagt, N., Ullrich, O., Loon, J.J. van, Hemmersbach, R., Herranz, R., Anken, R., Boonstra, J., Braun, M., Christianen, P.C.M., Geest, M. van der, Hauslage, J., Hilbig, R., Hill, R.J., Lebert, M., Medina, F.J., Vagt, N., Ullrich, O., Loon, J.J. van, and Hemmersbach, R.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext

Published
2013

15. Ground-Based Facilities for Simulation of Microgravity: Organism-Specific Recommendations for Their Use, and Recommended Terminology

Author

Herranz, R., Anken, R., Boonstra, J., Braun, M., Christianen, P.C.M., Geest, M. van der, Hauslage, J., Hilbig, R., Hill, R.J., Lebert, M., Medina, F.J., Vagt, N., Ullrich, O., Loon, J.J. van, Hemmersbach, R., Herranz, R., Anken, R., Boonstra, J., Braun, M., Christianen, P.C.M., Geest, M. van der, Hauslage, J., Hilbig, R., Hill, R.J., Lebert, M., Medina, F.J., Vagt, N., Ullrich, O., Loon, J.J. van, and Hemmersbach, R.

Abstract

Item does not contain fulltext

Published
2013

16. Ground-based facilities for simulation of microgravity: organism-specific recommendations for their use, and recommended terminology

Author

Herranz, R, Anken, R, Boonstra, J, Braun, M, Christianen, P C M, de Geest, M, Hauslage, J, Hilbig, R, Hill, R J A, Lebert, M, Medina, F J, Vagt, N, Ullrich, O, van Loon, J W A, Hemmersbach, R, Herranz, R, Anken, R, Boonstra, J, Braun, M, Christianen, P C M, de Geest, M, Hauslage, J, Hilbig, R, Hill, R J A, Lebert, M, Medina, F J, Vagt, N, Ullrich, O, van Loon, J W A, and Hemmersbach, R

Abstract

Research in microgravity is indispensable to disclose the impact of gravity on biological processes and organisms. However, research in the near-Earth orbit is severely constrained by the limited number of flight opportunities. Ground-based simulators of microgravity are valuable tools for preparing spaceflight experiments, but they also facilitate stand-alone studies and thus provide additional and cost-efficient platforms for gravitational research. The various microgravity simulators that are frequently used by gravitational biologists are based on different physical principles. This comparative study gives an overview of the most frequently used microgravity simulators and demonstrates their individual capacities and limitations. The range of applicability of the various ground-based microgravity simulators for biological specimens was carefully evaluated by using organisms that have been studied extensively under the conditions of real microgravity in space. In addition, current heterogeneous terminology is discussed critically, and recommendations are given for appropriate selection of adequate simulators and consistent use of nomenclature.

Published
2013

17. Variance of mechanical precompression stress in graphic estimations using the Casagrande method and derived mathematical models

Author

Rücknagel, J., Brandhuber, R., Hofmann, B., Lebert, M., Marschall, Karin, Paul, R., Stock, O., Christen, O., Rücknagel, J., Brandhuber, R., Hofmann, B., Lebert, M., Marschall, Karin, Paul, R., Stock, O., and Christen, O.

Abstract

Mechanical precompression stress is a yardstick for the strength and compressibility of soils. The default method for the estimation of precompression stress is the graphic method according to Casagrande. It involves a subjective perception by the engineer who not only determines the point of the highest curvature visually, but decides also which points are to be used for generating the virgin compression line. In order to avoid such subjective approaches, mathematical models for the determination of precompression stress have been developed emanating from the Casagrande method. These models estimate the smallest radius of the curvature based on the minimum of the second numerical derivative. The paper has the aim to quantify the variance of subjectivity implied by the person executing the graphic method, the variance of different model approaches and the accuracy of the latter in handling the graphic values. Additionally we wanted to investigate the effect of different parameters on the ordinate of the diagram and the effect of the first load step on the precompression stress. To understand these relationships, stress/bulk density functions and stress/void ratio functions measured on 13 sites were analysed by five experienced but independent engineers and by use of three mathematical models. The mean errors of precompression stress estimations by the different testers were 0.01-0.12 and by the models 0.10-0.87 on a logarithmic scale. Expressed in kPa, increasing mean errors were observed with rising precompression stress, due to delogarithmization. For the graphical determination, they reached approx. 10-20 kPa at precompression stress levels of 60-150 kPa in typical subsoils; this means 15% on average. The handling of graphically obtained values by help of mathematical models disclosed considerable deviations between them. In the logarithmic variant, the mean absolute errors varied from 0.09 (9 kPa) to 0.40 (30 kPa) and the determination coefficients from 0.71 to

Published
2010

18. Window contamination on Expose-R

Author

Demets, R., Bertrand, M., Bolkhovitinov, A., Bryson, K., Colas, C., Cottin, H., Dettmann, J., Ehrenfreund, P., Elsaesser, A., Jaramillo, E., Lebert, M., van Papendrecht, G., Pereira, C., Rohr, T., Saiagh, K., Schuster, M., Demets, R., Bertrand, M., Bolkhovitinov, A., Bryson, K., Colas, C., Cottin, H., Dettmann, J., Ehrenfreund, P., Elsaesser, A., Jaramillo, E., Lebert, M., van Papendrecht, G., Pereira, C., Rohr, T., Saiagh, K., and Schuster, M.

Abstract

Expose is a multi-user instrument for astrobiological and astrochemical experiments in space. Installed at the outer surface of the International Space Station, it enables investigators to study the impact of the open space environment on biological and biochemical test samples. Two Expose missions have been completed so far, designated as Expose-E (Rabbow et al. 2012) and Expose-R (Rabbow et al. this issue). One of the space-unique environmental factors offered by Expose is full-spectrum, ultraviolet (UV)-rich electromagnetic radiation from the Sun. This paper describes and analyses how on Expose-R, access of the test samples to Solar radiation degraded during space exposure in an unpredicted way. Several windows in front of the Sun-exposed test samples acquired a brown shade, resulting in a reduced transparency in visible light, UV and vacuum UV (VUV). Post-flight investigations revealed the discolouration to be caused by a homogenous film of cross-linked organic polymers at the inside of the windows. The chemical signature varied per sample carrier. No such films were found on windows from sealed, pressurized compartments, or on windows that had been kept out of the Sun. This suggests that volatile compounds originating from the interior of the Expose facility were cross-linked and photo-fixed by Solar irradiation at the rear side of the windows. The origin of the volatiles was not fully identified; most probably there was a variety of sources involved including the biological test samples, adhesives, plastics and printed circuit boards. The outer surface of the windows (pointing into space) was chemically impacted as well, with a probable effect on the transparency in VUV. The reported analysis of the window contamination on Expose-R is expected to help the interpretation of the scientific results and offers possibilities to mitigate this problem on future missions-in particular Expose-R2, the direct successor of Expose-R

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