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Aim of study: To address diversification of citrus cultivars to increase the variety and profitability of orchards to adapt them to environmental changes. Area of study: State of São Paulo, a subtropical region of southeastern Brazil. Material and methods: The study evaluated the phenological intervals, thermal sum, vegetative and productive performance, and fruit quality of the sweet orange cultivars ‘Rubi’ (R), ‘Lue Gin Gong’ (LGG) and ‘Valencia Delta Seedless’ (VDS) grafted onto 'Rangpur' lime (RL) and 'Swingle' citrumelo (SC). The field experiment was conducted over consecutive growing seasons 2018-2021. Main results: The duration of the phenological intervals was little influenced by the rootstocks. The harvest time was approximately 245 days after anthesis (DAA) for R, 402 DAA for LGG, and 407 DAA for VDS, regardless of rootstock. Scion cultivars grafted onto RL showed larger canopy volumes and greater weight, length, and diameter of fruits than those of SC trees, and the combinations with SC were more productively efficient than RL due to lower canopy volume. The R scion cultivar presented superior yield performance and fruit colouration than LGG and VDS. The physicochemical quality of the fruits showed improved results with the combinations of LGG/RL, LGG/SC, VDS/RL, and VDS/SC. Research highlights: These results may be useful when planning the diversification of scion/rootstock combinations for new orchards, identifying dual-market orange cultivars for industrial processing and natural consumption, and determining the combinations that are better adapted to undesirable climatic conditions.

Choosing the best season collection of cuttings is essential to have success with propagation, due mainly to carbohydrate content, since is a source of energy for roots and shoots development. In literature, there are no papers that associate the collection season of cuttings with carbohydrate contents in figs. Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate carbohydrate contents and season collection of cuttings to propagate ‘Roxo de Valinhos’ fig tree. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse; cuttings were collected in the first week of the following months: June, July, August and September. The design was in completely randomized blocks, with four replicates of 30 cuttings collected per season. The following traits were evaluated: carbohydrate content; percentage of root cuttings, bud cuttings, cuttings without bud and root; number of buds, leaves and roots per cutting; length of the largest root and bud; bud diameter; bud and root dry mass; and root volume. Results indicated high carbohydrate content in cuttings that were collected in August; therefore, the best month to collect cuttings of ‘Roxo de Valinhos’ fig tree in the city of São Manuel, state of São Paulo. This result is due to high percentage of rooted cuttings and better development. Furthermore, carbohydrate content mainly affects root growth; besides that, reducing sugars are the most important feature in the development of cuttings.

The induction of sprouting is a fundamental practice to grow temperate fruits in warmer regions, as the use of alternative products are necessary. This study aimed to verify the influence of foliar nitrogen fertilizer application to induce bud sprouting at different doses in three types of peach cultivars, regarding fruit quality, in Botucatu, state of Sao Paulo. This study occurred at the experimental orchard of Botucatu Agriculture School of Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCA/UNESP) in 2015 and 2016. Evaluations consisted of three cultivars Douradáo, BRS Kampai and BRS Rubimel; and four doses of foliar nitrogen fertilizer (0; 1.25; 2.50 and 3.75%) with 4% calcium nitrate in all treatments. A randomized experimental design was conducted with 12 treatments, 4 replicates and 5 fruits per plot, that is, 240 evaluated fruits in each productive cycle. Fruits produced by cultivar BRS Rubimel showed the highest mean mass among the others, being greater than 100 g, regardless of applied dose. In this study, different doses influenced physical, physicochemical and biochemical attributes of fruits in all cultivars. However, both cultivars showed good quality standards in terms of size, high soluble solids content and low acidity, being recommended for direct consumption in Botucatu, state of Sao Paulo., RESUMEN La inducción de brotación es una práctica fundamental en el cultivo de frutales en regiones de clima caliente. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de productos alternativos con la aplicación de diferentes dosis del fertilizante foliar nitrogenado (FFN), para inducir a la brotación y la calidad de frutos de tres cultivares de durazno en Botucatu - SP. El trabajo fue realizado durante los años 2015 y 2016, en la Estación Experimental de la Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas de la Universidad Estadual Paulista, campus de Botucatu, SP. Los cultivares evaluados fueron durazno Douradáo, BRS Kampai y BRS Rubimel, con cuatro dosis de FFN: 0; 1,25; 2,50 y 3,75%, asociadas al 4% de nitrato de calcio. El diseño experimental fue en bloques al azar, con 12 tratamientos, 4 repeticiones y 5 frutos por parcela, totalizando 240frutos evaluados, en cada ciclo productivo. Los frutos producidos por el cultivar BRS Rubimel presentaron el mayor peso medio de los tres cultivares analizados, y fue superior a 100 g, indepen dientemente de la dosis del FFN utilizada. Las diferentes dosis del FFN utilizadas en este trabajo afectaron las características organolépticas de los frutos de los cultivares evaluados, en aspectos físicos, fisicoquímicos y bioquímicos. Los cultivares BRS Kampai y BRS Rubimel presentaron frutos con patrones óptimos de calidad en cuanto al tamaño, contenido de sólidos solubles y baja acidez, y son recomendados para producción destinada al consumo fresco en la región de Botucatu - SP.

Choosing the best season collection of cuttings is essential to have success with propagation, due mainly to carbohydrate content, since is a source of energy for roots and shoots development. In literature, there are no papers that associate the collection season of cuttings with carbohydrate contents in figs. Therefore, the current study aimed to evaluate carbohydrate contents and season collection of cuttings to propagate ‘Roxo de Valinhos’ fig tree. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse; cuttings were collected in the first week of the following months: June, July, August and September. The design was in completely randomized blocks, with four replicates of 30 cuttings collected per season. The following traits were evaluated: carbohydrate content; percentage of root cuttings, bud cuttings, cuttings without bud and root; number of buds, leaves and roots per cutting; length of the largest root and bud; bud diameter; bud and root dry mass; and root volume. Results indicated high carbohydrate content in cuttings that were collected in August; therefore, the best month to collect cuttings of ‘Roxo de Valinhos’ fig tree in the city of São Manuel, state of São Paulo. This result is due to high percentage of rooted cuttings and better development. Furthermore, carbohydrate content mainly affects root growth; besides that, reducing sugars are the most important feature in the development of cuttings.

The induction of sprouting is a fundamental practice to grow temperate fruits in warmer regions, as the use of alternative products are necessary. This study aimed to verify the influence of foliar nitrogen fertilizer application to induce bud sprouting at different doses in three types of peach cultivars, regarding fruit quality, in Botucatu, state of Sao Paulo. This study occurred at the experimental orchard of Botucatu Agriculture School of Universidade Estadual Paulista (FCA/UNESP) in 2015 and 2016. Evaluations consisted of three cultivars Douradáo, BRS Kampai and BRS Rubimel; and four doses of foliar nitrogen fertilizer (0; 1.25; 2.50 and 3.75%) with 4% calcium nitrate in all treatments. A randomized experimental design was conducted with 12 treatments, 4 replicates and 5 fruits per plot, that is, 240 evaluated fruits in each productive cycle. Fruits produced by cultivar BRS Rubimel showed the highest mean mass among the others, being greater than 100 g, regardless of applied dose. In this study, different doses influenced physical, physicochemical and biochemical attributes of fruits in all cultivars. However, both cultivars showed good quality standards in terms of size, high soluble solids content and low acidity, being recommended for direct consumption in Botucatu, state of Sao Paulo., RESUMEN La inducción de brotación es una práctica fundamental en el cultivo de frutales en regiones de clima caliente. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de productos alternativos con la aplicación de diferentes dosis del fertilizante foliar nitrogenado (FFN), para inducir a la brotación y la calidad de frutos de tres cultivares de durazno en Botucatu - SP. El trabajo fue realizado durante los años 2015 y 2016, en la Estación Experimental de la Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas de la Universidad Estadual Paulista, campus de Botucatu, SP. Los cultivares evaluados fueron durazno Douradáo, BRS Kampai y BRS Rubimel, con cuatro dosis de FFN: 0; 1,25; 2,50 y 3,75%, asociadas al 4% de nitrato de calcio. El diseño experimental fue en bloques al azar, con 12 tratamientos, 4 repeticiones y 5 frutos por parcela, totalizando 240frutos evaluados, en cada ciclo productivo. Los frutos producidos por el cultivar BRS Rubimel presentaron el mayor peso medio de los tres cultivares analizados, y fue superior a 100 g, indepen dientemente de la dosis del FFN utilizada. Las diferentes dosis del FFN utilizadas en este trabajo afectaron las características organolépticas de los frutos de los cultivares evaluados, en aspectos físicos, fisicoquímicos y bioquímicos. Los cultivares BRS Kampai y BRS Rubimel presentaron frutos con patrones óptimos de calidad en cuanto al tamaño, contenido de sólidos solubles y baja acidez, y son recomendados para producción destinada al consumo fresco en la región de Botucatu - SP.

The production of quality seedlings is important for the crop cycle and the main propagation type is by the air layering technique, which can be enhanced by using different substrates and plant growth regulators. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the use of a biostimulant and substrate types in the propagation of litchi tree by air layering. The experiment was installed in a commercial area in the city of Mogi Mirim, SP, Brazil and conducted in a randomized block design with a 5x2 factorial with four replications. The treatments consisted of five Stimulate® biostimulant concentrations (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 ml L-1) and two substrate types (Plantmax® and earthworm humus). After 120 days, the root length (cm), number of roots, calloused and rooted layers percentage (%), root fresh and dry mass (g) and root volume (cm3) were evaluated. Based on the results, it was found that the concentrations of 6.1 and 6.9 ml L-1 promoted greater success in litchi tree propagation and that the layers can be produced on both evaluated substrates., A produção de mudas de qualidade é importante para o ciclo da cultura, na lichieira a técnica de propagação mais utilizada é a alporquia, que pode ser potencializada com o uso de diferentes substratos e reguladores vegetais. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o uso de bioestimulante e tipos de substrato na propagação da lichieira, via alporquia. O experimento foi instalado em área comercial no município de Mogi Mirim/SP, e conduzido em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com fatorial de 5x2 e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram em cinco doses do bioestimulante Stimulate® (0, 3, 6, 9, e 12 mL L-1) e dois tipos de substrato (Plantmax® e Húmus de minhoca). Após 120 dias avaliou-se o comprimento das raízes (cm), número de raízes, porcentagem de alporques calejados e enraizados (%), massa fresca e massa seca de raízes (g) e volume de raízes (cm3). Com base nos resultados, verificou-se que as doses estimadas de 6,1 e 6,9 mL L-1 promoveram maior sucesso na propagação de lichieira e que os alporques podem ser produzidos nos dois tipos de substratos avaliados.

The production of quality seedlings is important for the crop cycle and the main propagation type is by the air layering technique, which can be enhanced by using different substrates and plant growth regulators. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the use of a biostimulant and substrate types in the propagation of litchi tree by air layering. The experiment was installed in a commercial area in the city of Mogi Mirim, SP, Brazil and conducted in a randomized block design with a 5x2 factorial with four replications. The treatments consisted of five Stimulate® biostimulant concentrations (0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 ml L-1) and two substrate types (Plantmax® and earthworm humus). After 120 days, the root length (cm), number of roots, calloused and rooted layers percentage (%), root fresh and dry mass (g) and root volume (cm3) were evaluated. Based on the results, it was found that the concentrations of 6.1 and 6.9 ml L-1 promoted greater success in litchi tree propagation and that the layers can be produced on both evaluated substrates., A produção de mudas de qualidade é importante para o ciclo da cultura, na lichieira a técnica de propagação mais utilizada é a alporquia, que pode ser potencializada com o uso de diferentes substratos e reguladores vegetais. Neste sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o uso de bioestimulante e tipos de substrato na propagação da lichieira, via alporquia. O experimento foi instalado em área comercial no município de Mogi Mirim/SP, e conduzido em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com fatorial de 5x2 e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram em cinco doses do bioestimulante Stimulate® (0, 3, 6, 9, e 12 mL L-1) e dois tipos de substrato (Plantmax® e Húmus de minhoca). Após 120 dias avaliou-se o comprimento das raízes (cm), número de raízes, porcentagem de alporques calejados e enraizados (%), massa fresca e massa seca de raízes (g) e volume de raízes (cm3). Com base nos resultados, verificou-se que as doses estimadas de 6,1 e 6,9 mL L-1 promoveram maior sucesso na propagação de lichieira e que os alporques podem ser produzidos nos dois tipos de substratos avaliados.

The present experiment aimed at evaluating copper supply in five treatments (T1 – control, T2 – copper oxychloride (1.8 g L-1), T3 - cuprous oxide (500 g L-1), T4 - copper chelate EDTA (0.04 mL L-1), T5 - copper sulfate (2.5g L-1)). Plant mean height (cm), rootstock mean diameter (mm), shoot and root dry matter mass (g), and mean copper content in leaves were evaluated monthly. There were no significant differences for the analyzed variables, except for mean copper content, which was highly excessive in treatments 2 and 3 but did not affect plant development during the experiment.

Foram estudadas a influencia da variação de temperatura e tratamentos com ácido giberélico, na germinação de sementes de mamoeiro (Carica papaya L.) cv Sunrise Solo. As sementes provenientes de frutos maduros, lavadas, secas à sombra, receberam tratamentos no substrato do gerbox e de embebição por 24 horas, com GA3 a O,50, 100, 150 e 200 mg.L. Posteriormente, foram colocadas para germinar em temperatura constante de 25°C e alternada de 20° e 30°C. Através dos resultados obtidos, observou-se que a alternância de temperatura favoreceu o processo germinativo c o tratamento com GA3 100 mg.L no substrato, apresentou maior porcentagem de germinação (53,25%) num menor período de tempo (34,4 dias)., The influence of changed temperature and treatments with gibberellins were studied on papaya seeds (Carica papaya L.) cv Sunrise Solo germination. The seeds were extracted from ripe fruits. washed, dried and sprayed substrate or immersed during 24 hours with GA3 at 0,50. 100, 150 and 200 mg. L. The temperatures studied were constant at 25°C and changed at 20 and 30°C. The results showed that the changed temperature gave the best seeds germination and the germination percentage was highest (53.25%) in seeds sprayed with gibberellic acid at 100 mg.L. during 34,4 medium days intervals.

The research was carried out in the grapes cultivars A Dona and Marte at Jundiaí-SP, with a purpose to evaluate the effect of the gibberelic acid (GA3) on the morphology and chemical characteristics of the clusters and berries grape. For A Dona cultivar, the treatments consisted of four concentrations of GA3: 0, 10, 20 and 30 mg dm-3 applied by dipping of clusters. The GA3 was applied 20 days after the bloom. ‘A Dona’ was grafted on ‘Riparia of Traviu’ and ‘IAC 766’ rootstocks. For Marte cultivar, the treatments consisted of five concentrations of GA3: 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 mg dm-3. The characteristics evaluated were fresh weight of clusters, berries and rachis; length and diameter of clusters and berries, berries number and soluble solid contents. It was concluded that, to cultivate A Dona there was no interaction among the concentrations of GA3 and the rootstocks, but however, significant improvement in the characteristics of clusters with the rootstock 'IAC 766'. In relation the GA3 concentrations analyzed through regression it was verified that the 20 mg dm-3 of GA3 enhanced about 75, 63 and 9% respectively, the fresh weight of clusters, berries and rachis, and about 8 and 15% on length and diameter of clusters and 20 and 10% on berries length and diameter and 16% on the berries number. For A Dona cultivar the GA3 at 20 mg dm-3 was the best concentration. For Marte cultivar, it was observed linear increase for all the characteristics evaluated, therefore, it was recommended the utilization of the 60 mg dm-3 of GA3., Os experimentos foram realizados em videiras de ‘A Dona’ e ‘Marte’ em Jundiaí-SP, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do ácido giberélico (GA3) nas características morfológicas e químicas dos cachos e bagas de uva. Na cultivar A Dona enxertada sobre os porta-enxertos ‘IAC 766’ e Ripária do Traviú, avaliou-se o efeito do GA3 nas concentrações de 0, 10, 20 e 30 mg dm-3, aplicado aos 20 dias após o pleno florescimento. Na cultivar Marte avaliou-se o efeito do GA3 nas concentrações de 0, 15, 30, 45 e 60 mg dm-3. As características avaliadas foram a massa fresca dos cachos, bagas e engaços; comprimento e largura dos cachos e bagas; número de bagas e teor de sólidos solúveis. Concluiu-se que, para a cultivar A Dona não houve interação entre as concentrações de GA3 e os porta-enxertos, havendo no entanto, melhoria significativa nas características dos cachos com o porta-enxerto ‘IAC 766’. Em relação às concentrações de GA3, pela regressão polinomial, verificou-se que com a concentração de 20 mg dm-3 de GA3, obteve-se acréscimo de 75%, 63% e 9%, respectivamente, na massa fresca de cacho, baga e engaço; de 8% e 15% no comprimento e largura de cacho; de 20% e 10%, no comprimento e largura de bagas; e de 16% no número de bagas. Dessa maneira, recomenda-se para a cultivar A Dona a concentração de 20 mg dm-3 de GA3. Quanto a cultivar Marte, verificou-se aumento linear em todas as características avaliadas, sendo, portanto, recomendada a concentração de 60 mg dm-3.

Os experimentos foram realizados em videiras de ‘A Dona’ e ‘Marte’ em Jundiaí-SP, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do ácido giberélico (GA3) nas características morfológicas e químicas dos cachos e bagas de uva. Na cultivar A Dona enxertada sobre os porta-enxertos ‘IAC 766’ e Ripária do Traviú, avaliou-se o efeito do GA3 nas concentrações de 0, 10, 20 e 30 mg dm-3, aplicado aos 20 dias após o pleno florescimento. Na cultivar Marte avaliou-se o efeito do GA3 nas concentrações de 0, 15, 30, 45 e 60 mg dm-3. As características avaliadas foram a massa fresca dos cachos, bagas e engaços; comprimento e largura dos cachos e bagas; número de bagas e teor de sólidos solúveis. Concluiu-se que, para a cultivar A Dona não houve interação entre as concentrações de GA3 e os porta-enxertos, havendo no entanto, melhoria significativa nas características dos cachos com o porta-enxerto ‘IAC 766’. Em relação às concentrações de GA3, pela regressão polinomial, verificou-se que com a concentração de 20 mg dm-3 de GA3, obteve-se acréscimo de 75%, 63% e 9%, respectivamente, na massa fresca de cacho, baga e engaço; de 8% e 15% no comprimento e largura de cacho; de 20% e 10%, no comprimento e largura de bagas; e de 16% no número de bagas. Dessa maneira, recomenda-se para a cultivar A Dona a concentração de 20 mg dm-3 de GA3. Quanto a cultivar Marte, verificou-se aumento linear em todas as características avaliadas, sendo, portanto, recomendada a concentração de 60 mg dm-3, The research was carried out in the grapes cultivars A Dona and Marte at Jundiaí-SP, with a purpose to evaluate the effect of the gibberelic acid (GA3) on the morphology and chemical characteristics of the clusters and berries grape. For A Dona cultivar, the treatments consisted of four concentrations of GA3: 0, 10, 20 and 30 mg dm-3 applied by dipping of clusters. The GA3 was applied 20 days after the bloom. ‘A Dona’ was grafted on ‘Riparia of Traviu’ and ‘IAC 766’ rootstocks. For Marte cultivar, the treatments consisted of five concentrations of GA3: 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 mg dm-3. The characteristics evaluated were fresh weight of clusters, berries and rachis; length and diameter of clusters and berries, berries number and soluble solid contents. It was concluded that, to cultivate A Dona there was no interaction among the concentrations of GA3 and the rootstocks, but however, significant improvement in the characteristics of clusters with the rootstock 'IAC 766'. In relation the GA3 concentrations analyzed through regression it was verified that the 20 mg dm-3 of GA3 enhanced about 75, 63 and 9% respectively, the fresh weight of clusters, berries and rachis, and about 8 and 15% on length and diameter of clusters and 20 and 10% on berries length and diameter and 16% on the berries number. For A Dona cultivar the GA3 at 20 mg dm-3 was the best concentration. For Marte cultivar, it was observed linear increase for all the characteristics evaluated, therefore, it was recommended the utilization of the 60 mg dm-3 of GA3.

The present experiment aimed at evaluating copper supply in five treatments (T1 – control, T2 – copper oxychloride (1.8 g L-1), T3 - cuprous oxide (500 g L-1), T4 - copper chelate EDTA (0.04 mL L-1), T5 - copper sulfate (2.5g L-1)). Plant mean height (cm), rootstock mean diameter (mm), shoot and root dry matter mass (g), and mean copper content in leaves were evaluated monthly. There were no significant differences for the analyzed variables, except for mean copper content, which was highly excessive in treatments 2 and 3 but did not affect plant development during the experiment.

Os experimentos foram realizados em videiras de ‘A Dona’ e ‘Marte’ em Jundiaí-SP, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito do ácido giberélico (GA3) nas características morfológicas e químicas dos cachos e bagas de uva. Na cultivar A Dona enxertada sobre os porta-enxertos ‘IAC 766’ e Ripária do Traviú, avaliou-se o efeito do GA3 nas concentrações de 0, 10, 20 e 30 mg dm-3, aplicado aos 20 dias após o pleno florescimento. Na cultivar Marte avaliou-se o efeito do GA3 nas concentrações de 0, 15, 30, 45 e 60 mg dm-3. As características avaliadas foram a massa fresca dos cachos, bagas e engaços; comprimento e largura dos cachos e bagas; número de bagas e teor de sólidos solúveis. Concluiu-se que, para a cultivar A Dona não houve interação entre as concentrações de GA3 e os porta-enxertos, havendo no entanto, melhoria significativa nas características dos cachos com o porta-enxerto ‘IAC 766’. Em relação às concentrações de GA3, pela regressão polinomial, verificou-se que com a concentração de 20 mg dm-3 de GA3, obteve-se acréscimo de 75%, 63% e 9%, respectivamente, na massa fresca de cacho, baga e engaço; de 8% e 15% no comprimento e largura de cacho; de 20% e 10%, no comprimento e largura de bagas; e de 16% no número de bagas. Dessa maneira, recomenda-se para a cultivar A Dona a concentração de 20 mg dm-3 de GA3. Quanto a cultivar Marte, verificou-se aumento linear em todas as características avaliadas, sendo, portanto, recomendada a concentração de 60 mg dm-3, The research was carried out in the grapes cultivars A Dona and Marte at Jundiaí-SP, with a purpose to evaluate the effect of the gibberelic acid (GA3) on the morphology and chemical characteristics of the clusters and berries grape. For A Dona cultivar, the treatments consisted of four concentrations of GA3: 0, 10, 20 and 30 mg dm-3 applied by dipping of clusters. The GA3 was applied 20 days after the bloom. ‘A Dona’ was grafted on ‘Riparia of Traviu’ and ‘IAC 766’ rootstocks. For Marte cultivar, the treatments consisted of five concentrations of GA3: 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 mg dm-3. The characteristics evaluated were fresh weight of clusters, berries and rachis; length and diameter of clusters and berries, berries number and soluble solid contents. It was concluded that, to cultivate A Dona there was no interaction among the concentrations of GA3 and the rootstocks, but however, significant improvement in the characteristics of clusters with the rootstock 'IAC 766'. In relation the GA3 concentrations analyzed through regression it was verified that the 20 mg dm-3 of GA3 enhanced about 75, 63 and 9% respectively, the fresh weight of clusters, berries and rachis, and about 8 and 15% on length and diameter of clusters and 20 and 10% on berries length and diameter and 16% on the berries number. For A Dona cultivar the GA3 at 20 mg dm-3 was the best concentration. For Marte cultivar, it was observed linear increase for all the characteristics evaluated, therefore, it was recommended the utilization of the 60 mg dm-3 of GA3.

The objective of this research was study the effects of kinetin and gibberellins on Poncirus trifoliata x Citrus paradisi seed germination. The medium for seed germination was filter paper moisted with distilled water. The seeds were removed from ripe fruits, washed, dried and placed in refrigerator at 4-5°C. After that, the seeds were treated with growth regulators during 24 hours. The treatments were H2O; 50 mg/l de GA3; 250 mg/l de GA3, 50 mg/l de GA4 + GA7 + phenylmethylaminepurine; 100 mg/l de GA4 + GA7 + phenylmethylaminepurine; 20 mg/l of phenylmethylaminepurine; 40 mg/l of phenylmethylaminepurine. The evaluations were accomplished every two days starting 10 days after seeding. The GA3 50 or 250 mg/l proved to be most beneficial in enhancing seed germination., Foram estudados os efeitos de giberelinas e citocininas, na germinação de sementes de citrumelo "Swingle" (Poncirus trifoliata x Citrus paradisi). As sementes foram colocadas no germinador em gerbox contendo papel de filtro umedecido com água destilada. As sementes, retiradas de frutos maduros, foram lavadas, secadas à sombra e armazenadas em câmara fria; logo após, foram tratadas com os fitorreguladores por 24 horas, definindo os seguintes tratamentos: H2O; 50 mg/l de GA3; 250 mg/l de GA3, 50 mg/l de GA4 + GA7 + fenilmetilaminopurina; 100 mg/l de GA4 + GA7 + fenilmetilaminopurina; 20 mg/l de fenilmetilaminopurina e 40 mg/l de fenilmetilaminopurina. As avaliações foram realizadas depois de 10 dias de semeadura, num intervalo de 2 dias entre elas. Através da análise estatística dos resultados obtidos, foi possível concluir que, no tratamento com 50 ou 250 mg/l de GA3, houve a maior porcentagem de germinação de sementes, em menor tempo.