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The reconstruction of charged particles will be a key computing challenge for the high-luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) where increased data rates lead to a large increase in running time for current pattern recognition algorithms. An alternative approach explored here expresses pattern recognition as a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO), which allows algorithms to be run on classical and quantum annealers. While the overall timing of the proposed approach and its scaling has still to be measured and studied, we demonstrate that, in terms of efficiency and purity, the same physics performance of the LHC tracking algorithms can be achieved. More research will be needed to achieve comparable performance in HL-LHC conditions, as increasing track density decreases the purity of the QUBO track segment classifier.

The reconstruction of charged particles will be a key computing challenge for the high-luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) where increased data rates lead to a large increase in running time for current pattern recognition algorithms. An alternative approach explored here expresses pattern recognition as a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO), which allows algorithms to be run on classical and quantum annealers. While the overall timing of the proposed approach and its scaling has still to be measured and studied, we demonstrate that, in terms of efficiency and purity, the same physics performance of the LHC tracking algorithms can be achieved. More research will be needed to achieve comparable performance in HL-LHC conditions, as increasing track density decreases the purity of the QUBO track segment classifier.

Hypertension in animal models and in humans is associated with a decreased vasodilator response to acetylcholine which causes vascular relaxation by release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor from the endothelium. Since lowering of blood pressure, particularly with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, improved the response to acetylcholine we investigated the effects of brachial artery infusions of ascending dosages of actetylcholine on forearm blood flow before and after 5 months of therapy with the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, cilazapril, in 10 patients with mild to moderate primary hypertension. Cilazapril decreased blood pressure from 150.8 ± 14.4/98.9 ± 4.3 mmHg during placebo to 138.8 ± 15.6/88.6 ± 8.9 mmHg (P < 0.01). Brachial artery acetylcholine infusions increased forearm blood flow from 2.95 ± 1.5 to a maximum of 22.8 ± 11.5 ml.min−1.100 ml−1 forearm tissue and decreased forearm vascular resistance from 48.1 ± 34.1 to 6.9 ± 6.9 units before cilazapril. This response did not change after cilazapril therapy. Our findings in patients with primary hypertension, therefore, do not support the concept that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition influences endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation to acetylcholine to a significant degree. Whether this lack of effect on endothelial vasodilator function is specific for the vascular bed chosen for study or whether it represents a fundamental difference between animal models and human hypertension remains an important issue to be clarified

The article provides an analysis of the shared life writing of Vernon Lee and Clementina Anstruther-Thomson, with particular reference to the writing of ‘Beauty and Ugliness’. The essay investigates how the authors’ already precarious subjectivities as women working in the male-dominated scientific and aesthetic fields of the 1890s were brought under further stress by Lee’s compulsive need for increased strength through union with another, her scepticism about her own abilities as ‘motor-type’ aesthete, and the collaborators’ unequal investigative and textual methodology. By analysing Lee’s semi-autobiographical depictions of her work with Anstruther-Thomson in Althea and focusing in particular on the pair’s one successful experiment in the search for ‘aesthetic sociability’ in front of Titian’s ‘Sacred and Profane Love’, this essay charts the development of their shared lives and writing from their first meeting, to the ecstatic pinnacle of their joint achievement, before examining the collapse of their collaborative dyad.

The article provides an analysis of the shared life writing of Vernon Lee and Clementina Anstruther-Thomson, with particular reference to the writing of ‘Beauty and Ugliness’. The essay investigates how the authors’ already precarious subjectivities as women working in the male-dominated scientific and aesthetic fields of the 1890s were brought under further stress by Lee’s compulsive need for increased strength through union with another, her scepticism about her own abilities as ‘motor-type’ aesthete, and the collaborators’ unequal investigative and textual methodology. By analysing Lee’s semi-autobiographical depictions of her work with Anstruther-Thomson in Althea and focusing in particular on the pair’s one successful experiment in the search for ‘aesthetic sociability’ in front of Titian’s ‘Sacred and Profane Love’, this essay charts the development of their shared lives and writing from their first meeting, to the ecstatic pinnacle of their joint achievement, before examining the collapse of their collaborative dyad.

Hypertension in animal models and in humans is associated with a decreased vasodilator response to acetylcholine which causes vascular relaxation by release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor from the endothelium. Since lowering of blood pressure, particularly with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, improved the response to acetylcholine we investigated the effects of brachial artery infusions of ascending dosages of actetylcholine on forearm blood flow before and after 5 months of therapy with the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, cilazapril, in 10 patients with mild to moderate primary hypertension. Cilazapril decreased blood pressure from 150.8 ± 14.4/98.9 ± 4.3 mmHg during placebo to 138.8 ± 15.6/88.6 ± 8.9 mmHg (P < 0.01). Brachial artery acetylcholine infusions increased forearm blood flow from 2.95 ± 1.5 to a maximum of 22.8 ± 11.5 ml.min−1.100 ml−1 forearm tissue and decreased forearm vascular resistance from 48.1 ± 34.1 to 6.9 ± 6.9 units before cilazapril. This response did not change after cilazapril therapy. Our findings in patients with primary hypertension, therefore, do not support the concept that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition influences endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation to acetylcholine to a significant degree. Whether this lack of effect on endothelial vasodilator function is specific for the vascular bed chosen for study or whether it represents a fundamental difference between animal models and human hypertension remains an important issue to be clarified

Hypertension in animal models and in humans is associated with a decreased vasodilator response to acetylcholine which causes vascular relaxation by release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor from the endothelium. Since lowering of blood pressure, particularly with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, improved the response to acetylcholine we investigated the effects of brachial artery infusions of ascending dosages of actetylcholine on forearm blood flow before and after 5 months of therapy with the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, cilazapril, in 10 patients with mild to moderate primary hypertension. Cilazapril decreased blood pressure from 150.8 ± 14.4/98.9 ± 4.3 mmHg during placebo to 138.8 ± 15.6/88.6 ± 8.9 mmHg (P < 0.01). Brachial artery acetylcholine infusions increased forearm blood flow from 2.95 ± 1.5 to a maximum of 22.8 ± 11.5 ml.min−1.100 ml−1 forearm tissue and decreased forearm vascular resistance from 48.1 ± 34.1 to 6.9 ± 6.9 units before cilazapril. This response did not change after cilazapril therapy. Our findings in patients with primary hypertension, therefore, do not support the concept that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition influences endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation to acetylcholine to a significant degree. Whether this lack of effect on endothelial vasodilator function is specific for the vascular bed chosen for study or whether it represents a fundamental difference between animal models and human hypertension remains an important issue to be clarified