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Clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters geometry includes four different materials in the ultrasound propagation path: wedge, coupling material, pipe and liquid. In this case, oblique incidence ultrasonic beam generated by the emitter transducer is split into several paths caused by multiple reflections in pipe wall or because of propagation mode conversion at interfaces. These multiple paths are recombined at the reception transducer aperture, producing a single signal whose amplitude and phase depend on which proportion each path contributes. The objective of this paper is to quantify this phenomenon and analyses the implications it has on the accuracy of Clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeters as a function of the fluid that flows inside the pipe. According to simulations, based on 2D ray tracing model and experimental measurements, the variations in the recombination signal at the reception transducer produces a linearity error that in case of the installation under test, Z-mode transducers configuration on PVC pipe, could reach a value of 3.2%., Postprint (published version)

© 2017 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes,creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works., This article analyses and explains the implications that dispersive materials have over the linearity in flow measurement when a Clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter is used. This is of capital importance because dispersive materials are commonly used in the manufacture of transducer wedges and pipes. The evaluation of this phenomenon has been tested by experimental measurement. The used setup consisted of a water flow calibration facility where a commercial Clamp-on ultrasonic flowmeter was installed on it and its flow measurement was compared with a reference flowmeter. Two experiments have been conducted. A first experiment was performed to evaluate only the effect produced by the fact that the transducer wedge is made of dispersive material. For this reason, an ultrasonic flowmeter was installed on a pipe made of non-dispersive material, in this case, an INOX pipe. Linearity error introduced by the wedge was below 1%. This error complies with the accuracy specification of the ultrasonic flowmeter given by the manufacturer (±1.5%). Finally, a second experiment consisted of installing the ultrasonic flowmeter on a dispersive pipe (PVC pipe) in order to measure the worst condition (both materials, wedge and pipe, were dispersive). Under this condition, the linearity error was increased until it reaches a value of 6.4%. Moreover, in case of a dispersive material pipe, the bigger the pipe thickness is, the bigger non-linearity error is reached., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Tato diplomová práce obsahuje přehled metod snímání polohy a především se zabývá návrhem nestandardního indukčnostního a inkrementálního snímače. Specifikace snímačů vychází ze zadání společnosti MESING pod jejíž záštitou je tato práce vyhotovena. Taktéž obsahuje ověření navržených snímačů a zkušební měření., This diploma thesis consist of overview for position measuring methods and is mainly focused on design of non-standard inductive and incremental sensor. Specifications of those sensors is based on requirements set by MESING company. Also contains verification and testing measurement of completed sensor.

Tato diplomová práce obsahuje přehled metod snímání polohy a především se zabývá návrhem nestandardního indukčnostního a inkrementálního snímače. Specifikace snímačů vychází ze zadání společnosti MESING pod jejíž záštitou je tato práce vyhotovena. Taktéž obsahuje ověření navržených snímačů a zkušební měření., This diploma thesis consist of overview for position measuring methods and is mainly focused on design of non-standard inductive and incremental sensor. Specifications of those sensors is based on requirements set by MESING company. Also contains verification and testing measurement of completed sensor.

Tato diplomová práce obsahuje přehled metod snímání polohy a především se zabývá návrhem nestandardního indukčnostního a inkrementálního snímače. Specifikace snímačů vychází ze zadání společnosti MESING pod jejíž záštitou je tato práce vyhotovena. Taktéž obsahuje ověření navržených snímačů a zkušební měření., This diploma thesis consist of overview for position measuring methods and is mainly focused on design of non-standard inductive and incremental sensor. Specifications of those sensors is based on requirements set by MESING company. Also contains verification and testing measurement of completed sensor.

Tato diplomová práce obsahuje přehled metod snímání polohy a především se zabývá návrhem nestandardního indukčnostního a inkrementálního snímače. Specifikace snímačů vychází ze zadání společnosti MESING pod jejíž záštitou je tato práce vyhotovena. Taktéž obsahuje ověření navržených snímačů a zkušební měření., This diploma thesis consist of overview for position measuring methods and is mainly focused on design of non-standard inductive and incremental sensor. Specifications of those sensors is based on requirements set by MESING company. Also contains verification and testing measurement of completed sensor.