1. The ChoCO-W prospective observational global study: Does COVID-19 increase gangrenous cholecystitis?
- Author
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De Simone, B. Abu-Zidan, F.M. Chouillard, E. Di Saverio, S. Sartelli, M. Podda, M. Gomes, C.A. Moore, E.E. Moug, S.J. Ansaloni, L. Kluger, Y. Coccolini, F. Landaluce-Olavarria, A. Estraviz-Mateos, B. Uriguen-Etxeberria, A. Giordano, A. Luna, A.P. Amín, L.A.H. Hernández, A.M.P. Shabana, A. Dzulkarnaen, Z.A. Othman, M.A. Sani, M.I. Balla, A. Scaramuzzo, R. Lepiane, P. Bottari, A. Staderini, F. Cianchi, F. Cavallaro, A. Zanghì, A. Cappellani, A. Campagnacci, R. Maurizi, A. Martinotti, M. Ruggieri, A. Jusoh, A.C. Rahman, K.A. Zulkifli, A.S.M. Petronio, B. Matías-García, B. Quiroga-Valcárcel, A. Mendoza-Moreno, F. Atanasov, B. Campanile, F.C. Vecchioni, I. Cardinali, L. Travaglini, G. Sebastiani, E. Chooklin, S. Chuklin, S. Cianci, P. Restini, E. Capuzzolo, S. Currò, G. Filippo, R. Rispoli, M. Aparicio-Sánchez, D. Muñóz-Cruzado, V.D. Barbeito, S.D. Delibegovic, S. Kesetovic, A. Sasia, D. Borghi, F. Giraudo, G. Visconti, D. Doria, E. Santarelli, M. Luppi, D. Bonilauri, S. Grossi, U. Zanus, G. Sartori, A. Piatto, G. De Luca, M. Vita, D. Conti, L. Capelli, P. Cattaneo, G.M. Marinis, A. Vederaki, S.-A. Bayrak, M. Altıntas, Y. Uzunoglu, M.Y. Demirbas, I.E. Altinel, Y. Meric, S. Aktimur, Y.E. Uymaz, D.S. Omarov, N. Azamat, I. Lostoridis, E. Nagorni, E.-A. Pujante, A. Anania, G. Bombardini, C. Bagolini, F. Gonullu, E. Mantoglu, B. Capoglu, R. Cappato, S. Muzio, E. Colak, E. Polat, S. Koylu, Z.A. Altintoprak, F. Bayhan, Z. Akin, E. Andolfi, E. Rezart, S. Kim, J.I. Jung, S.W. Shin, Y.C. Enciu, O. Toma, E.A. Medas, F. Canu, G.L. Cappellacci, F. D’Acapito, F. Ercolani, G. Solaini, L. Roscio, F. Clerici, F. Gelmini, R. Serra, F. Rossi, E.G. Fleres, F. Clarizia, G. Spolini, A. Ferrara, F. Nita, G. Sarnari, J. Gachabayov, M. Abdullaev, A. Poillucci, G. Palini, G.M. Veneroni, S. Garulli, G. Piccoli, M. Pattacini, G.C. Pecchini, F. Argenio, G. Armellino, M.F. Brisinda, G. Tedesco, S. Fransvea, P. Ietto, G. Franchi, C. Carcano, G. Martines, G. Trigiante, G. Negro, G. Vega, G.M. González and De Simone, B. Abu-Zidan, F.M. Chouillard, E. Di Saverio, S. Sartelli, M. Podda, M. Gomes, C.A. Moore, E.E. Moug, S.J. Ansaloni, L. Kluger, Y. Coccolini, F. Landaluce-Olavarria, A. Estraviz-Mateos, B. Uriguen-Etxeberria, A. Giordano, A. Luna, A.P. Amín, L.A.H. Hernández, A.M.P. Shabana, A. Dzulkarnaen, Z.A. Othman, M.A. Sani, M.I. Balla, A. Scaramuzzo, R. Lepiane, P. Bottari, A. Staderini, F. Cianchi, F. Cavallaro, A. Zanghì, A. Cappellani, A. Campagnacci, R. Maurizi, A. Martinotti, M. Ruggieri, A. Jusoh, A.C. Rahman, K.A. Zulkifli, A.S.M. Petronio, B. Matías-García, B. Quiroga-Valcárcel, A. Mendoza-Moreno, F. Atanasov, B. Campanile, F.C. Vecchioni, I. Cardinali, L. Travaglini, G. Sebastiani, E. Chooklin, S. Chuklin, S. Cianci, P. Restini, E. Capuzzolo, S. Currò, G. Filippo, R. Rispoli, M. Aparicio-Sánchez, D. Muñóz-Cruzado, V.D. Barbeito, S.D. Delibegovic, S. Kesetovic, A. Sasia, D. Borghi, F. Giraudo, G. Visconti, D. Doria, E. Santarelli, M. Luppi, D. Bonilauri, S. Grossi, U. Zanus, G. Sartori, A. Piatto, G. De Luca, M. Vita, D. Conti, L. Capelli, P. Cattaneo, G.M. Marinis, A. Vederaki, S.-A. Bayrak, M. Altıntas, Y. Uzunoglu, M.Y. Demirbas, I.E. Altinel, Y. Meric, S. Aktimur, Y.E. Uymaz, D.S. Omarov, N. Azamat, I. Lostoridis, E. Nagorni, E.-A. Pujante, A. Anania, G. Bombardini, C. Bagolini, F. Gonullu, E. Mantoglu, B. Capoglu, R. Cappato, S. Muzio, E. Colak, E. Polat, S. Koylu, Z.A. Altintoprak, F. Bayhan, Z. Akin, E. Andolfi, E. Rezart, S. Kim, J.I. Jung, S.W. Shin, Y.C. Enciu, O. Toma, E.A. Medas, F. Canu, G.L. Cappellacci, F. D’Acapito, F. Ercolani, G. Solaini, L. Roscio, F. Clerici, F. Gelmini, R. Serra, F. Rossi, E.G. Fleres, F. Clarizia, G. Spolini, A. Ferrara, F. Nita, G. Sarnari, J. Gachabayov, M. Abdullaev, A. Poillucci, G. Palini, G.M. Veneroni, S. Garulli, G. Piccoli, M. Pattacini, G.C. Pecchini, F. Argenio, G. Armellino, M.F. Brisinda, G. Tedesco, S. Fransvea, P. Ietto, G. Franchi, C. Carcano, G. Martines, G. Trigiante, G. Negro, G. Vega, G.M. González
- Abstract
Background: The incidence of the highly morbid and potentially lethal gangrenous cholecystitis was reportedly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of the ChoCO-W study was to compare the clinical findings and outcomes of acute cholecystitis in patients who had COVID-19 disease with those who did not. Methods: Data were prospectively collected over 6 months (October 1, 2020, to April 30, 2021) with 1-month follow-up. In October 2020, Delta variant of SARS CoV-2 was isolated for the first time. Demographic and clinical data were analyzed and reported according to the STROBE guidelines. Baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes of patients who had COVID-19 were compared with those who did not. Results: A total of 2893 patients, from 42 countries, 218 centers, involved, with a median age of 61.3 (SD: 17.39) years were prospectively enrolled in this study; 1481 (51%) patients were males. One hundred and eighty (6.9%) patients were COVID-19 positive, while 2412 (93.1%) were negative. Concomitant preexisting diseases including cardiovascular diseases (p < 0.0001), diabetes (p < 0.0001), and severe chronic obstructive airway disease (p = 0.005) were significantly more frequent in the COVID-19 group. Markers of sepsis severity including ARDS (p < 0.0001), PIPAS score (p < 0.0001), WSES sepsis score (p < 0.0001), qSOFA (p < 0.0001), and Tokyo classification of severity of acute cholecystitis (p < 0.0001) were significantly higher in the COVID-19 group. The COVID-19 group had significantly higher postoperative complications (32.2% compared with 11.7%, p < 0.0001), longer mean hospital stay (13.21 compared with 6.51 days, p < 0.0001), and mortality rate (13.4% compared with 1.7%, p < 0.0001). The incidence of gangrenous cholecystitis was doubled in the COVID-19 group (40.7% compared with 22.3%). The mean wall thickness of the gallbladder was significantly higher in the COVID-19 group [6.32 (SD: 2.44) mm compared with 5.4 (SD: 3.45)
- Published
- 2022