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The Chicxulub impact event at ca. 66 Ma left in its wake the only complex crater on Earth with a preserved peak ring, characterized by a well-developed magnetic anomaly low. To date, little is known about its magnetic properties. The joint Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) and International Continental Scientific Drilling Program (ICDP) Expedition 364 drill core M0077A revealed that the peak ring consists of uplifted and strongly deformed granitoid basement rocks overlain by a 130-m-thick impact melt and suevite layer. Pre- and postimpact hydrothermal systems affected this basement with maximum temperatures up to 450 °C. We used microscopy, mineral chemistry, temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility, and hysteresis properties to characterize the magnetic mineralogy of pre-, syn-, and postimpact rocks. Compared to its amount of pure, stoichiometric shocked magnetite, the granitoid basement shows low magnetic susceptibility, which is in line with earlier experimental studies indicating that shock reduces magnetic susceptibility. Cation-substituted magnetite with varying compositions in the melt rocks carries a higher induced and remanent magnetization compared to the basement. In the granitoid basement, magnetite was partially oxidized to hematite by a pre-impact hydrothermal event, but at lithological contacts with high-temperature impact melt rock, this hematite was locally retransformed back to magnetite. Elsewhere in the granitoid basement, the temperature reached in the hydrothermal system was too low for hematite retransformation. It was also too low to anneal all the lattice defects in the shocked magnetite, which likely occurs above 540 °C. The presence of shocked magnetite in the granitoid basement well explains the magnetic anomaly low due to its unusually low induced magnetization.

Os territórios e a sua humanização oferecem um plano fértil para a investigação antropossociológica, pesquisar e inventariar esta relação com as conceções contemporâneas de património, memória, identidade e linguagem, leva-nos a compreender a relação e apropriação entre as organizações locais e a comunidade, que por sua vez leva à (re)construção e afirmação da identidade local, alicerçada na memória coletiva, colocando-as ao serviço público de forma a promover o conhecimento e o crescimento sustentado. É neste contexto que pretendemos evidenciar o processo construtivo da identidade da antiga localidade de Belide, povoamento bélico habitado desde o império romano, a curta distância da civitas romana de Conímbriga. Belide desenvolve-se ao longo dos milénios com a exploração dos recursos agrícolas, mas foi em 1864 com o incremento do caminho-de-ferro que assistimos a um crescimento demográfico contínuo, o homem moldou-se a este território, reorganizando-o com tradições, saberes e costumes tão peculiares.

The membrane-active nature of phospholipase A2-derived peptides makes them potential candidates for antineoplastic and antibacterial therapies. Two short 13-mer C-terminal fragments taken from snake venom Lys49-PLA2 toxins (p-AppK and p-Acl), differing by a leucine/phenylalanine substitution, were synthesized and their bioactivity was evaluated. Their capacity to interfere with the survival of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as with solid and liquid tumors was assessed in vitro. Toxicity to red blood cells was investigated via in silico and in vitro techniques. The mode of action was mainly studied by molecular dynamics simulations and membrane permeabilization assays. Briefly, both peptides have dual activity, i.e., they act against both bacteria, including multidrug-resistant strains and tumor cells. All tested bacteria were susceptible to both peptides, Pseudomonas aeruginosa being the most affected. RAMOS, K562, NB4, and CEM cells were the main leukemic targets of the peptides. In general, p-Acl showed more significant activity, suggesting that phenylalanine confers advantages to the antibacterial and antitumor mechanism, particularly for osteosarcoma lines (HOS and MG63). Peptide-based treatment increased the uptake of a DNA-intercalating dye by bacteria, suggesting membrane damage. Indeed, p-AppK and p-Acl did not disrupt erythrocyte membranes, in agreement with in silico predictions. The latter revealed that the peptides deform the membrane and increase its permeability by facilitating solvent penetration. This phenomenon is expected to catalyze the permeation of solutes that otherwise could not cross the hydrophobic membrane core. In conclusion, the present study highlights the role of a single amino acid substitution present in natural sequences towards the development of dual-action agents. In other words, dissecting and fine-tuning biomembrane remodeling proteins, such as snake venom phospholipase A2 isoforms, is again demonstrated as a v

The amalgamation of Pangea formed the contorted Variscan-Alleghanian orogen, suturing Gondwana and Laurussia during the Carboniferous. From all swirls of this orogen, a double curve in Iberia stands out, the coupled Cantabrian Orocline and Central Iberian curve. The Cantabrian Orocline formed at ca. 315–290 ​Ma subsequent to the Variscan orogeny. The formation mechanism of the Cantabrian Orocline is disputed, the most commonly proposed mechanisms include either (1) that south-westernmost Iberia would be an Avalonian (Laurussian) indenter or (2) that the stress field changed, buckling the orogen. In contrast, the geometry and kinematics of the Central Iberian curve are largely unknown. Whereas some authors defend both curvatures are genetically linked, others support they are distinct and formed at different times. Such uncertainty adds an extra layer of complexity to our understanding of the final stages of Pangea's amalgamation. To solve these issues, we study the late Carboniferous– early Permian vertical-axis rotations of SW Iberia with paleomagnetism. Our results show up to 70° counterclockwise vertical-axis rotations during late Carboniferous times, concurring with the anticipated kinematics if SW Iberia was part of the southern limb of the Cantabrian Orocline. Our results do not allow the necessary penecontemporaneous clockwise rotations in Central Iberia to support a concomitant formation of both Cantabrian and Central Iberian curvature. The coherent rotation of both Gondwanan and Avalonian pieces of SW Iberia discards the Laurussian indenter hypothesis as a formation mechanism of the Cantabrian Orocline and confirms the Greater Cantabrian Orocline hypothesis. The Greater Cantabrian Orocline likely formed as a consequence of a change in the stress field during the late Carboniferous and extended beyond the Rheic Ocean suture affecting the margins of both Laurussia and Gondwana.

The aim of this study was to analyze the variations of acute load (AL), acute: chronic workload ratio (ACWR), training monotony (TM), and training strain (TS) of accelerometry-based GPS measures in players who started in three matches (S3M), two matches (S2M), and one match (S1M) during congested weeks. Nineteen elite professional male players from a Portuguese team (age: 26.5 ± 4.3 years) were monitored daily using global positioning systems (GPSs) over a full season (45 weeks). Accelerometry-derived measures of high metabolic load distance (HMLD), high accelerations (HA), and high decelerations (HD) were collected during each training session and match. Seven congested weeks were classified throughout the season, and the participation of each player in matches played during these weeks was codified. The workload indices of AL (classified as ACWR, TM, and TS) were calculated weekly for each player. The AL of HMLD was significantly greater for S2M than S1M (difference = 42%; p = 0.002; d = 0.977) and for S3M than S1M (difference = 44%; p = 0.001; d = 1.231). Similarly, the AL of HA was significantly greater for S2M than S1M (difference = 25%; p = 0.023; d = 0.735). The TM of HD was significantly greater for S2M than S3M (difference = 25%; p = 0.002; d = 0.774). Accelerometry-based measures were dependent on congested fixtures. S2M had the greatest TS values, while S3M had the greatest TM.

The aim of this study was to analyze the variations of acute load (AL), acute: chronic workload ratio (ACWR), training monotony (TM), and training strain (TS) of accelerometry-based GPS measures in players who started in three matches (S3M), two matches (S2M), and one match (S1M) during congested weeks. Nineteen elite professional male players from a Portuguese team (age: 26.5 ± 4.3 years) were monitored daily using global positioning systems (GPSs) over a full season (45 weeks). Accelerometry-derived measures of high metabolic load distance (HMLD), high accelerations (HA), and high decelerations (HD) were collected during each training session and match. Seven congested weeks were classified throughout the season, and the participation of each player in matches played during these weeks was codified. The workload indices of AL (classified as ACWR, TM, and TS) were calculated weekly for each player. The AL of HMLD was significantly greater for S2M than S1M (difference = 42%; p = 0.002; d = 0.977) and for S3M than S1M (difference = 44%; p = 0.001; d = 1.231). Similarly, the AL of HA was significantly greater for S2M than S1M (difference = 25%; p = 0.023; d = 0.735). The TM of HD was significantly greater for S2M than S3M (difference = 25%; p = 0.002; d = 0.774). Accelerometry-based measures were dependent on congested fixtures. S2M had the greatest TS values, while S3M had the greatest TM.

The aim of this study was to analyze the variations of acute load (AL), acute: chronic workload ratio (ACWR), training monotony (TM), and training strain (TS) of accelerometry-based GPS measures in players who started in three matches (S3M), two matches (S2M), and one match (S1M) during congested weeks. Nineteen elite professional male players from a Portuguese team (age: 26.5 ± 4.3 years) were monitored daily using global positioning systems (GPSs) over a full season (45 weeks). Accelerometry-derived measures of high metabolic load distance (HMLD), high accelerations (HA), and high decelerations (HD) were collected during each training session and match. Seven congested weeks were classified throughout the season, and the participation of each player in matches played during these weeks was codified. The workload indices of AL (classified as ACWR, TM, and TS) were calculated weekly for each player. The AL of HMLD was significantly greater for S2M than S1M (difference = 42%; p = 0.002; d = 0.977) and for S3M than S1M (difference = 44%; p = 0.001; d = 1.231). Similarly, the AL of HA was significantly greater for S2M than S1M (difference = 25%; p = 0.023; d = 0.735). The TM of HD was significantly greater for S2M than S3M (difference = 25%; p = 0.002; d = 0.774). Accelerometry-based measures were dependent on congested fixtures. S2M had the greatest TS values, while S3M had the greatest TM.

The aim of this study was to analyze the variations of acute load (AL), acute: chronic workload ratio (ACWR), training monotony (TM), and training strain (TS) of accelerometry-based GPS measures in players who started in three matches (S3M), two matches (S2M), and one match (S1M) during congested weeks. Nineteen elite professional male players from a Portuguese team (age: 26.5 ± 4.3 years) were monitored daily using global positioning systems (GPSs) over a full season (45 weeks). Accelerometry-derived measures of high metabolic load distance (HMLD), high accelerations (HA), and high decelerations (HD) were collected during each training session and match. Seven congested weeks were classified throughout the season, and the participation of each player in matches played during these weeks was codified. The workload indices of AL (classified as ACWR, TM, and TS) were calculated weekly for each player. The AL of HMLD was significantly greater for S2M than S1M (difference = 42%; p = 0.002; d = 0.977) and for S3M than S1M (difference = 44%; p = 0.001; d = 1.231). Similarly, the AL of HA was significantly greater for S2M than S1M (difference = 25%; p = 0.023; d = 0.735). The TM of HD was significantly greater for S2M than S3M (difference = 25%; p = 0.002; d = 0.774). Accelerometry-based measures were dependent on congested fixtures. S2M had the greatest TS values, while S3M had the greatest TM.

This paper aims to explain what disciplinary action in the Brazilian prison system is, as well as what violations of rules and infractions are in terms of the Law of Penal Actions, how they are classified and their consequences during the execution of the conviction decisions. Furthermore, this paper presents a consistent empirical research in the analysis of proceedings judged by the State Criminal Division of the 2nd Circuit Court (DEECRIM-2aRAJ), referred to the Court of Justice of the State of São Paulo, aiming to denote that the disciplinary actions (in administrative and judicial proceedings) violate prisoners human rights and fundamental guarantees. Through access to the Court of Justice of the State of São Paulo electronic portal, it was possible to select the analyzed proceedings here presented and demonstrate the mismatch between the procedures provided in law and the applied practice in the prisons. In conclusion, comparing the results obtained in the research with the official reports issued by the National Prison Department, the outcome is that, this critical distance between the force and the effectiveness of the human rights and fundamental guarantees, characterized by the Judicial Power aloofness concerning the prison population, interferes with the local prisons turnovers., O presente artigo tem como objetivo compreender o que é disciplina no âmbito do sistema penitenciário brasileiro, o que são as faltas disciplinares nos termos da Lei de Execuções Penais, como são classificadas e quais suas consequências durante o processo executório. Além disso, apresenta pesquisa empírica consistente em análise dos procedimentos julgados pelo Departamento Estadual de Execução Criminal da 2a Região Administrativa Judiciária (DEECRIM-2aRAJ), submetidos ao Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de São Paulo, tendo como principal objetivo verificar se os procedimentos disciplinares violam direitos e garantias fundamentais dos sentenciados na prática. Por meio de acesso ao portal eletrônico do Tribunal Paulista, foi possível realizar a seleção procedimentos analisados e comprovar o descompasso entre o procedimento previsto na lei com a prática real. Por fim, comparando os resultados com os relatórios oficiais emitidos pelo Departamento Penitenciário Nacional, aponta a possibilidade desse distanciamento entre vigência e a efetividade dos direitos fundamentais estar interferindo na rotatividade dos presídios locais.

Bothrops atrox is the most clinically relevant snake species within the Amazon region, which includes Ecuadorian territories. It comprises a large distribution, which could contribute to the genetic and venomic variation identified in the species. The high variability and protein isoform diversity of its venom are of medical interest, since it can influence the clinical manifestations caused by envenomation and its treatment. However, in Ecuador there is insufficient information on the diversity of venomic phenotypes, even of relevant species such as B. atrox. Here, we characterized the biochemical and toxicological profiles of the venom of six B. atrox individuals from the Ecuadorian Amazon. Differences in catalytic activities of toxins, elution profiles in liquid chromatography, electrophoretic patterns, and toxic effects among the analyzed samples were identified. Nonetheless, in the preclinical testing of antivenom, two samples from Mera (Pastaza) required a higher dose to achieve total neutralization of lethality and hemorrhage. Taken together, these data highlight the importance of analyzing individual venoms in studies focused on the outcomes of envenoming

The aim of this study was to analyze the variations of acute load (AL), acute: chronic workload ratio (ACWR), training monotony (TM), and training strain (TS) of accelerometry-based GPS measures in players who started in three matches (S3M), two matches (S2M), and one match (S1M) during congested weeks. Nineteen elite professional male players from a Portuguese team (age: 26.5 ± 4.3 years) were monitored daily using global positioning systems (GPSs) over a full season (45 weeks). Accelerometry-derived measures of high metabolic load distance (HMLD), high accelerations (HA), and high decelerations (HD) were collected during each training session and match. Seven congested weeks were classified throughout the season, and the participation of each player in matches played during these weeks was codified. The workload indices of AL (classified as ACWR, TM, and TS) were calculated weekly for each player. The AL of HMLD was significantly greater for S2M than S1M (difference = 42%; p = 0.002; d = 0.977) and for S3M than S1M (difference = 44%; p = 0.001; d = 1.231). Similarly, the AL of HA was significantly greater for S2M than S1M (difference = 25%; p = 0.023; d = 0.735). The TM of HD was significantly greater for S2M than S3M (difference = 25%; p = 0.002; d = 0.774). Accelerometry-based measures were dependent on congested fixtures. S2M had the greatest TS values, while S3M had the greatest TM.

The aim of this study was two-fold: (1) to analyze the variations of acute load, training monotony, and training strain among early (pre-season), mid (first half of season), and end season (second half of season) periods; (2) to compare these training indicators for playing positions in different moments of the season. Nineteen professional players (age: 26.5 ± 4.3 years; experience as professional: 7.5 ± 4.3 years) from a European First League team participated in this study. The players were monitored daily over a 45-week period for the total distance (TD), distance covered (DC) at 14 km/h−1 or above (DC > 14 km/h), high-speed running above 19.8 km/h−1 (HSR) distance, and number of sprints above 25.2 km/h−1. The acute load (sum of load during a week), training monotony (mean of training load during the seven days of the week divided by the standard deviation of the training load of the seven days), and training strain (sum of the training load for all training sessions and matches during a week multiplied by training monotony) workload indices were calculated weekly for each measure and per player. Results revealed that training monotony and training strain for HSR were meaningfully greater in pre-season than in the first half of the in-season (p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.883 and p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.712, respectively) and greater than the second half of the in-season (p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.718 and p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.717). The training monotony for the sprints was meaningfully greater in pre-season than in the first half of in-season (p < 0.001; d = 0.953) and greater than the second half of in-season (p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.916). Comparisons between playing positions revealed that small-to-moderate effect sizes differences mainly for the number of sprints in acute load, training monotony, and training strain. In conclusion, the study revealed that greater acute load, training monotony, and training strain occurred in the pre-season and progressively decreased across the season. Moreover, ex

This article establishes a comparison between the programming of two second public television channels; Canal Sur 2 and the RTP2, which is the second channel of the Portuguese Public Television. With this analysis we intend to demonstrate that there is parallelism between the contents that are broadcast on the second public television channels and that this analogy demonstrates that in both cases the contents with more quality are relegated to the second channels. The objective of this investigation is to make this situation known and to ensure that the competent organizations recover for the first channel the formats that give value to the public television., En este artículo se establece una comparación entre la programación de dos segundos canales públicos de televisión; Canal Sur 2 y la RTP2, que es la segunda cadena de la Televisão Pública Portuguesa. Con este análisis se pretende demostrar que hay paralelismo entre los contenidos que se emiten en los segundos canales públicos de televisión y que esta analogía señala que en ambos casos los contenidos con más calidad quedan relegados a los segundos canales. El objetivo de esta investigación es dar a conocer esta situación y conseguir que los organismos competentes recuperen para el primer canal los formatos que dan valor a la televisión pública.

The aim of this study was two-fold: (1) to analyze the variations of acute load, training monotony, and training strain among early (pre-season), mid (first half of season), and end season (second half of season) periods; (2) to compare these training indicators for playing positions in different moments of the season. Nineteen professional players (age: 26.5 ± 4.3 years; experience as professional: 7.5 ± 4.3 years) from a European First League team participated in this study. The players were monitored daily over a 45-week period for the total distance (TD), distance covered (DC) at 14 km/h−1 or above (DC > 14 km/h), high-speed running above 19.8 km/h−1 (HSR) distance, and number of sprints above 25.2 km/h−1. The acute load (sum of load during a week), training monotony (mean of training load during the seven days of the week divided by the standard deviation of the training load of the seven days), and training strain (sum of the training load for all training sessions and matches during a week multiplied by training monotony) workload indices were calculated weekly for each measure and per player. Results revealed that training monotony and training strain for HSR were meaningfully greater in pre-season than in the first half of the in-season (p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.883 and p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.712, respectively) and greater than the second half of the in-season (p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.718 and p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.717). The training monotony for the sprints was meaningfully greater in pre-season than in the first half of in-season (p < 0.001; d = 0.953) and greater than the second half of in-season (p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.916). Comparisons between playing positions revealed that small-to-moderate effect sizes differences mainly for the number of sprints in acute load, training monotony, and training strain. In conclusion, the study revealed that greater acute load, training monotony, and training strain occurred in the pre-season and progressively decreased across the season. Moreover, ex

The aim of this study was two-fold: (1) to analyze the variations of acute load, training monotony, and training strain among early (pre-season), mid (first half of season), and end season (second half of season) periods; (2) to compare these training indicators for playing positions in different moments of the season. Nineteen professional players (age: 26.5 ± 4.3 years; experience as professional: 7.5 ± 4.3 years) from a European First League team participated in this study. The players were monitored daily over a 45-week period for the total distance (TD), distance covered (DC) at 14 km/h−1 or above (DC > 14 km/h), high-speed running above 19.8 km/h−1 (HSR) distance, and number of sprints above 25.2 km/h−1. The acute load (sum of load during a week), training monotony (mean of training load during the seven days of the week divided by the standard deviation of the training load of the seven days), and training strain (sum of the training load for all training sessions and matches during a week multiplied by training monotony) workload indices were calculated weekly for each measure and per player. Results revealed that training monotony and training strain for HSR were meaningfully greater in pre-season than in the first half of the in-season (p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.883 and p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.712, respectively) and greater than the second half of the in-season (p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.718 and p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.717). The training monotony for the sprints was meaningfully greater in pre-season than in the first half of in-season (p < 0.001; d = 0.953) and greater than the second half of in-season (p ≤ 0.001; d = 0.916). Comparisons between playing positions revealed that small-to-moderate effect sizes differences mainly for the number of sprints in acute load, training monotony, and training strain. In conclusion, the study revealed that greater acute load, training monotony, and training strain occurred in the pre-season and progressively decreased across the season. Moreover, ex

This article establishes a comparison between the programming of two second public television channels; Canal Sur 2 and the RTP2, which is the second channel of the Portuguese Public Television. With this analysis we intend to demonstrate that there is parallelism between the contents that are broadcast on the second public television channels and that this analogy demonstrates that in both cases the contents with more quality are relegated to the second channels. The objective of this investigation is to make this situation known and to ensure that the competent organizations recover for the first channel the formats that give value to the public television., En este artículo se establece una comparación entre la programación de dos segundos canales públicos de televisión; Canal Sur 2 y la RTP2, que es la segunda cadena de la Televisão Pública Portuguesa. Con este análisis se pretende demostrar que hay paralelismo entre los contenidos que se emiten en los segundos canales públicos de televisión y que esta analogía señala que en ambos casos los contenidos con más calidad quedan relegados a los segundos canales. El objetivo de esta investigación es dar a conocer esta situación y conseguir que los organismos competentes recuperen para el primer canal los formatos que dan valor a la televisión pública.

Bothrops asper and Bothrops atrox are important venomous snakes from Ecuador responsible for the most of ophidic accidents, which in the past were treated with a national polyvant antivenom. For years, the venom pools were collected and stored at room temperature in a laboratory. Taking into account the controversial ability of desiccated samples to retain their biological effects and enzymatic activities, we investigated the biochemical and toxicological properties of venoms after years of storage. The proteomic profiles of historical venoms analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and electrophoresis are very similar. The fresh batches of venom were more lethal than those stored for years, just as the initial and current LD50 values of these samples changed. Significant differences were showed in the myotoxic and hemorrhagic activity of some venom pools, while no significant statistical differences were found for the edema activity. The enzymatic assays revealed a variation in proteolytic activity on azocasein and phospholipase A2 activity, and low differences were reported for thrombin-like serine protease activity. The maintenance of the proteomic profile and certain toxicological activities convert this venom library in a valuable source for research purposes. Nonetheless, the significative reduction of toxicological activities, such as hemorrhagic activity not feasible using these samples for the antivenom production.

© 2019 Elsevier Inc. Phospholipase A2 toxins present in snake venoms interact with biological membranes and serve as structural models for the design of small peptides with anticancer, antibacterial and antiparasitic properties. Oligoarginine peptides are capable of increasing cell membrane permeability (cell penetrating peptides), and for this reason are interesting delivery systems for compounds of pharmacological interest. Inspired by these two families of bioactive molecules, we have synthesized two 13-mer peptides as potential antileishmanial leads gaining insights into structural features useful for the future design of more potent peptides. The peptides included p-Acl, reproducing a natural segment of a Lys49 PLA2 from Agkistrodon contortrix laticinctus snake venom, and its p-AclR7 analogue where all seven lysine residues were replaced by arginines. Both peptides were active against promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania (L.) amazonensis and L. (L.) infantum, while displaying low cytotoxicity for primary murine macrophages. Spectrofluorimetric studies suggest that permeabilization of the parasite's cell membrane is the probable mechanism of action of these biomolecules. Relevantly, the engineered peptide p-AclR7 was more active in both life stages of Leishmania and induced higher rates of ethidium bromide incorporation than its native template p-Acl. Taken together, the results suggest that short peptides based on phospholipase toxins are potential scaffolds for development of antileishmanial candidates. Moreover, specific amino acid substitutions, such those herein employed, may enhance the antiparasitic action of these cationic peptides, encouraging their future biomedical applications.

Hematological profile of players from a elite team football of the Portigiese 1st leagueDespite the importance of hematological indicators in football, their comprehension and use is one of the most common limitations in the sport. Thereby, the purpose of this study was to characterize hematologically the players of an elite football team of the Portuguese 1st league over the period of 1 year. Twenty elite players from a professional football team of the 1st Portuguese League, with a mean age of 26 years (SD = 5.0) were studied. The data collected are the result of clinical evaluations and analyzes carried out in three phases. Wilcoxon tests for repeated measures and Friedman tests were performed. In the case of post-hoc analyzes of the significant variables of the Friedman test, the Bonferroni adjustment was applied. The hematocrit medians at stage 1, 2 and 3 were respectively 44%, 46.9% and 43.15%, with differences observed between phase 1 and 3 (Z = -3.101, p = 0.002) and 2 and 3 (Z = -3,547, p <.001). For the erythrocytes, the medians were 5.15x1012 / L, 5.05x1012 / L and 5.35x1012 / L, with differences between phase 2 and 3 (Z = -3,595, p <.001). In VGM, the medians were 84.00FL, 85.50FL and 87.00FL. There were differences between phase 1 and 3 (Z = -3.312, p = 0.001). Finally, the HGM presented median values of 29.00pg, 29.50pg and 29.00pg, with differences between phases 1 and 3 (Z = -2,652, p = 0.008) and phase 2 and 3 (Z = -3,466, p = 0.001). This study presents as main indicators the stabilization of hematological values from the beginning to the middle of the sporting season, and a slight improvement compared to the final measurement., Apesar da importância de indicadores hematológicos no futebol, a sua compreensão e uso é umas das limitações mais comuns na modalidade. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo consiste em caracterizar hematologicamente os jogadores de uma equipa de elite de futebol da 1ª liga portuguesa ao longo do período de 1 ano. Vinte jogadores de elite de uma equipa de futebol profissional da 1ª Liga Portuguesa, com uma média de idades de 26 anos (DP = 5.0) foram estudados. Os dados recolhidos resultam de avaliações e análises clínicas realizadas em três fases. Testes de Wilcoxon para medições repetidas e de Friedman foram realizados. No caso de análises post-hoc às variáveis significativas do teste de Friedman, o ajuste de Bonferroni foi aplicado. As medianas do hematócrito na fase 1, 2 e 3 foram, respetivamente, 44%, 46.9% e 43.15%, com diferenças observadas entre a fase 1 e 3 (Z=-3.101, p=0.002) e 2 e 3 (Z=-3.547, p<.001). Para os eritrócitos, as medianas foram 5.15x1012/L, 5.05x1012/L e 5.35x1012/L, existindo diferenças entre a fase 2 e 3 (Z=-3.595, p<.001). No VGM, as medianas foram 84.00FL, 85.50FL e 87.00FL. Verificaram-se diferenças entre a fase 1 e 3 (Z=-3.312, p=0.001). Por fim, o HGM apresentou como valores de mediana 29.00pg, 29.50pg e 29.00pg, com diferenças entre fase 1 e 3 (Z=-2.652, p=0.008) e fase 2 e 3 (Z=-3.466, p=0.001). Este estudo apresenta como indicadores principais a estabilização dos valores hematológicos do início até metade da época desportiva, e ligeira melhoria em comparação com a medição final.

It is crucial to ensure an adequate nutritional support for young soccer players under high physical stress situations, including match days and high training load days. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the dietary intake of young male soccer players from a Portuguese first league soccer club, both on match day and on the highest training load day of the week. All players recorded their ingestion at these moments for 3 consecutive weeks, by completing a food diary and making a photographic record. On match day, the intake of carbohydrates (5.2 ± 0.6 g.kg-1. d-1), proteins (2.1 ± 0.2 g.kg-1. d-1), and fats (1.0 ± 0.2 g.kg-1. d-1) represented 55.1 ± 5.0 %, 22.3 ± 1.52 %, and 23.9 ± 5.1%, respectively, of the average daily energy intake. Regarding the highest training load day, the intake of carbohydrates (5.2 ± 0.9 g.kg-1. d-1), proteins (2.0 ± 0.3 g.kg-1. d-1), and fats (1.0 ± 0.3 g.kg-1. d-1) represented 54.8 ± 5.3 %, 21.8 ± 1.8 %, and 24.6 ± 4.6 %, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between intakes during match day and on the highest training load day, for all the variables analyzed, except for percentage of fat intake (Energy intake p = 0.873; Protein p = 0.335; Carbohydrates p = 0.814; Fat p=0,000). The results obtained are in line with previous research and reveal that energy and carbohydrate intake are below the recommendations for this population.

Introduction and Objective: The observation and analysis are fundamental in the study of opposing teams and the team itself, as they provide relevant information for the planning of the coaches. The purpose of this research focused on the analysis of the Barcelona team goals through techniques of notational analysis, sequential and T-patterns detection. Materials and Methods: We coded 65 goals from Barcelona through SGOF using Lince® program. For the processing of data were used IBM SPSS Statistics®, SDIS-GSEQ® and THEME®. Results: We recorded more occurrences of goals obtained through the interception recoveries in areas of the offensive midfield, where last pass happens in the last third of the field and finalizing in the penalty area and with the right foot. The most effective method for achieving the goal is the fast attack. The importance of tactical schemes has been verified. Discussion: The results obtained allowed to determine some behavioral regularities in the goals achieved by this team. Conclusions: The complementary analysis allows the collection of a set of important information for the planning carried out by the coach for training and for competition., Introdução e Objetivo: A observação e análise são fundamentais no estudo de equipas adversárias e da própria equipa, uma vez que fornecem informações pertinentes para a planificação dos treinadores. O objetivo desta investigação centrou-se na análise dos gols da equipa do Barcelona mediante técnicas de análise notacional, sequencial e detecção de T-patterns. Materiais e Métodos: Foram codificados 65 gols do Barcelona através do SGOF, utilizando o programa Lince®. Para o tratamento dos dados foram utilizados o IBM SPSS Statistics®, SDIS-GSEQ® e THEME®. Resultados: Foram registradas mais ocorrências de gols obtidos através de recuperações pela interceção, nas zonas do meio campo ofensivo, em que último passe acontece no último terço do campo e a finalização na área de grande penalidade e com o pé direito. O método mais efetivo para a concretização do gol é o ataque rápido. Foi verificada a importância dos esquemas táticos. Discussão: Os resultados obtidos permitiram determinar algumas regularidades comportamentais nos gols obtidos por esta equipa. Conclusões: A análise complementar realizada permite a recolha de um conjunto de informações importantes para o planeamento realizado pelo treinador para o treino e para a competição.

It is crucial to ensure an adequate nutritional support for young soccer players under high physical stress situations, including match days and high training load days. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the dietary intake of young male soccer players from a Portuguese first league soccer club, both on match day and on the highest training load day of the week. All players recorded their ingestion at these moments for 3 consecutive weeks, by completing a food diary and making a photographic record. On match day, the intake of carbohydrates (5.2 ± 0.6 g.kg-1. d-1), proteins (2.1 ± 0.2 g.kg-1. d-1), and fats (1.0 ± 0.2 g.kg-1. d-1) represented 55.1 ± 5.0 %, 22.3 ± 1.52 %, and 23.9 ± 5.1%, respectively, of the average daily energy intake. Regarding the highest training load day, the intake of carbohydrates (5.2 ± 0.9 g.kg-1. d-1), proteins (2.0 ± 0.3 g.kg-1. d-1), and fats (1.0 ± 0.3 g.kg-1. d-1) represented 54.8 ± 5.3 %, 21.8 ± 1.8 %, and 24.6 ± 4.6 %, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between intakes during match day and on the highest training load day, for all the variables analyzed, except for percentage of fat intake (Energy intake p = 0.873; Protein p = 0.335; Carbohydrates p = 0.814; Fat p=0,000). The results obtained are in line with previous research and reveal that energy and carbohydrate intake are below the recommendations for this population.

The scientific problem of nuclear waste disposal suffers from strong uncertainties arising both from its object (the system being studied being unknown) and also from its ambitious objectives (prediction of future events and their consequences). This work focuses on identifying, structuring and quantifying the main uncertainties involved in this field. It also shows the way how to integrate all the identified uncertainties into any inference and prediction a risk analyst might want to make in this field. An overall conceptual support is provided by using Bayesian statistics combined with hierarchical modeling techniques. Scenario and parametric uncertainty and their implications were studied in the context of a expert assessment project called GESAMAC, where Functional Data Analysis techniques were used to study the variability of the dose vs. time curves. Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation was also used to make inference studies of parametric uncertainty using data from a field study. Although this study is not exhaustive, it does show that the different sources of uncertainties do have an important impact on what we really know about the development system. Acknowledging scenario uncertainty, for instance, shows that we should expect uncertainties of dose responses on the order of 20 times what is expected to happen by default. It is shown that there is an asymmetry on the uncertainty of the dose curves; it seems there is more uncertainty on how the curve reaches its maximum than on how it relaxes afterwards. It is also found that the influence of the physical parameters on the dose curve is far from being linear and it seems to depend in a very important way on large scale physical inhomogeneities of the system.