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Children’s interactions and lifestyles worldwide have greatly benefited from the expansion of the internet gaming sector. However, the practice of minors purchasing and reselling online game certificates has prompted concerns about the accountability of corporate operators and potential legal repercussions. In the context of minors purchasing online game vouchers, this study investigates the responsibilities of commercial actors and the legal implications. This research methodology uses a normative legal approach to gather data from the literature, relevant judicial judgments, statutes, and regulations. This analysis aims to comprehend corporate actors' accountability, legal ramifications, and parents' function in this type of transaction. The findings demonstrated that business actors who offer online game vouchers have a duty to uphold the legitimacy of transactions. Businesses have a responsibility to make sure that such transactions adhere to ethical and legal standards, even though many laws forbid minors from engaging in transactions without their parent's permission. The legal ramifications of minors purchasing and selling online game vouchers may include possible violations of consumer rights, the protection of personal data, and provisions of contracts that may be void owing to age restrictions. Monitoring and limiting their children's access to these kinds of transactions is a crucial responsibility for parents. Collaboration between commercial actors, the government, and parents is required to maintain the integrity and protection of children in online game voucher purchasing and selling operations.

The relatively recent incidence of COVID-19 has arguably accelerated production andinterest in E-health applications. In a physically restricted environment in which patientswere less likely to be able to seek the care they need, these apps could act as a bridgebetween doctor and patient with regards to evaluation, diagnosis and prescription-basedcare. Furthermore, within the context of COVID-19 specifically, these applicationsarguably helped alleviate an already stressed live environment by offering preliminaryevaluations and assurances to patients who might have been forced to visit a clinicalsetting for answers a professional might have been able to answer through live video.Within physiotherapy, range of motion (ROM) defines the degree to which an individualis able to move their joints. Specifically, shoulder-ROM is essential for an individualsday-to-day activities and overall well-being. Evaluation of shoulder-ROM could thereforebe considered of utmost importance in maintaining overall well-being, especially consideringthe senior members of a population.Recent developments in Computer Science (CS), particularly within the field of ArtificialIntelligence (AI) offer exciting options within the prospects of E-health. While developmentswithin generative AI have made definitive impacts on the professional and private settingalike, tools such as computer vision and hearing have already been widely adoptedwithin the context of health-care, offering faster analysis of X-ray images for diagnosisas an example. Efficiency within healthcare is critical, but further entanglement betweenhealth-care and CS also stresses the importance of privacy. The amount of data generatedwithin health-care is considerable, and managing this data securely in order for theend-user to be and feel truly secure will only continue to be of greater importancemoving forward.This study presents a mobile application for the evaluation of shoulder-ROM whilepreserving privacy of the end-user. The full

The project ‘There is a place - Forever seeking’ addresses immigration, identity transitions, change and the yearning to belong. I grew up in Lebanon and moved to Sweden nine years ago, in 2014. During my three years at Konstfack I have developed my artistic expression and have come to realise that it is heavily influenced by styles expressed in the Middle East - something I originally didn’t relate to or found especially alluring. It is not strange that one gets inspired by their surroundings but what I found interesting is that I have been unknowingly and subconsciously recreating places, objects, shapes and contours from my past. This raised many questions regarding my artistic identity and artistic expression: In which category does it fall in? Have I tried to recreate places and objects because I miss them? Is it because the contours I've used seem familiar? Have I been looking for these contours even here in Sweden as way to feel at home? Or feel like I belong? At the end of my third year of the bachelor's program Interior Architecture and Furniture Design (in 2024), I've decided to tackle these questions as part of my thesis. By using my memories and the contours of the places that have had an impact on me I’ve created a mobile, using spatial design to create my own world made of ever-changing landscapes that feel familiar, places and contours that I have searched for, the home I’ve been seeking.

The United States and Confederate Navies saw the most action and glory in the first days of the Battle of Mobile Bay in 1864. It is therefore not surprising that historians paint the opening scenes of the battle with naval accounts such as Admiral David Glasgow Farragut shouting, “Damn the torpedoes, full speed ahead!” as he sails into Mobile Bay. They mention little about the Army. In contrast, historians record little about the U.S. Navy’s role in the following three weeks while the Army laid siege to Fort Gaines and Fort Morgan. However, both services played critical and interdependent roles throughout the entire battle. It was a joint operation, and this jointness influenced Union victory. To be sure, at Mobile Bay, the selected regiments of the XIII Corps and the West Gulf Blockading Squadron overmatched the Confederates in logistics, economic strength, manpower, and equipment, but the Federals brought something more to the fight. They arrived with three years of joint experience and proficiency. No other force in the Union could boast as much. To appreciate the full effectiveness of this Union force, this study views the Battle of Mobile Bay not as a stand-alone event, but as a “point” along a storyline and a culmination of three years of Federal joint fighting. This methodology shows that President Abraham Lincoln, General Ulysses S. Grant, and Secretary Gideon Welles could not have chosen a better team to show up at the mouth of Mobile Bay on August 3, 1864.

The relatively recent incidence of COVID-19 has arguably accelerated production andinterest in E-health applications. In a physically restricted environment in which patientswere less likely to be able to seek the care they need, these apps could act as a bridgebetween doctor and patient with regards to evaluation, diagnosis and prescription-basedcare. Furthermore, within the context of COVID-19 specifically, these applicationsarguably helped alleviate an already stressed live environment by offering preliminaryevaluations and assurances to patients who might have been forced to visit a clinicalsetting for answers a professional might have been able to answer through live video.Within physiotherapy, range of motion (ROM) defines the degree to which an individualis able to move their joints. Specifically, shoulder-ROM is essential for an individualsday-to-day activities and overall well-being. Evaluation of shoulder-ROM could thereforebe considered of utmost importance in maintaining overall well-being, especially consideringthe senior members of a population.Recent developments in Computer Science (CS), particularly within the field of ArtificialIntelligence (AI) offer exciting options within the prospects of E-health. While developmentswithin generative AI have made definitive impacts on the professional and private settingalike, tools such as computer vision and hearing have already been widely adoptedwithin the context of health-care, offering faster analysis of X-ray images for diagnosisas an example. Efficiency within healthcare is critical, but further entanglement betweenhealth-care and CS also stresses the importance of privacy. The amount of data generatedwithin health-care is considerable, and managing this data securely in order for theend-user to be and feel truly secure will only continue to be of greater importancemoving forward.This study presents a mobile application for the evaluation of shoulder-ROM whilepreserving privacy of the end-user. The full

The project ‘There is a place - Forever seeking’ addresses immigration, identity transitions, change and the yearning to belong. I grew up in Lebanon and moved to Sweden nine years ago, in 2014. During my three years at Konstfack I have developed my artistic expression and have come to realise that it is heavily influenced by styles expressed in the Middle East - something I originally didn’t relate to or found especially alluring. It is not strange that one gets inspired by their surroundings but what I found interesting is that I have been unknowingly and subconsciously recreating places, objects, shapes and contours from my past. This raised many questions regarding my artistic identity and artistic expression: In which category does it fall in? Have I tried to recreate places and objects because I miss them? Is it because the contours I've used seem familiar? Have I been looking for these contours even here in Sweden as way to feel at home? Or feel like I belong? At the end of my third year of the bachelor's program Interior Architecture and Furniture Design (in 2024), I've decided to tackle these questions as part of my thesis. By using my memories and the contours of the places that have had an impact on me I’ve created a mobile, using spatial design to create my own world made of ever-changing landscapes that feel familiar, places and contours that I have searched for, the home I’ve been seeking.

Disruptive innovations caused by FinTech (i.e., technology-assisted customized fnancial services) have brought digital peer-to-peer (P2P) payments to the fore. In this chal lenging environment and based on theories about customer behavior in response to technological innovations, this paper identifes the drivers of consumer adoption of mobile P2P payments and develops a machine learning model to predict the use of this thriving payment option. To do so, we use a unique data set with information from 701 participants (observations) who completed a questionnaire about the adop tion of Bizum, a leading mobile P2P platform worldwide. The respondent profle was the average Spanish citizen within the framework of European culture and lifestyle. We document (in this order of priority) the usefulness of mobile P2P payments, infu ence of peers and other social groups such as friends, family, and colleagues on indi vidual behavior (that is, subjective norms), perceived trust, and enjoyment of the user experience within the digital context and how those attributes better classify (poten tial) users of mobile P2P payments. We also fnd that nonparametric approaches based on machine learning algorithms outperform traditional parametric methods. Finally, our results show that feature selection based on random forest, such as the Boruta procedure, as a preprocessing technique substantially increases prediction perfor mance while reducing noise, redundancy of the resulting model, and computational costs. The main limitation of this research is that it only has a place within the socio cultural and institutional framework of the Spanish population. It is therefore desirable to replicate this study by surveying people from other countries to analyze the efects of the institutional environment on the adoption of mobile P2P payments

The objective of this article is to contribute on the mobile as a methodological concept through a feminist ethnomethodological ethnography on collective actions of sex workers in northern Chile, based on three methodological tools: transit, liminality and intimate connections. We define transit as the movements between virtual, face-to-face, hybrid and mobile spaces according to the participants’ everyday life. Liminality as the analysis of borders, as spaces of encounter and misencounter to observe heterogeneity and the confrontation of differences. Intimate connections as the monitoring of materialities of significant presence in the field, which are assembled with the methods of the participants and take on diverse meanings. Thus, we propose an ethnographic practice that moves and mobilizes according to its participants, that breaks dualisms, that is fluid and, in this framework, becomes politically and ethically entangled. Not only for epistemological purposes, but also to actively contribute to the production of other meanings, of other different worlds., El objetivo de este artículo es contribuir sobre lo móvil como concepto metodológico a través de una etnografía etnometodológica feminista sobre acciones colectivas de trabajadoras sexuales en el Norte de Chile, a partir de tres herramientas metodológicas: tránsito, liminalidad y conexiones íntimas. Definimos tránsito como los movimientos entre espacios virtuales, presenciales, híbridos, móviles de acuerdo con la cotidianeidad de las participantes. Liminalidad, como el análisis de las fronteras, como espacios de encuentro y desencuentro para observar la heterogeneidad y el confrontamiento de las diferencias. Conexiones íntimas, como el seguimiento de materialidades de presencia significativa en el campo, que se ensamblan con los métodos de las participantes y que cobran diversos significados. Así, proponemos una práctica etnográfica que mueva y movilice de acuerdo con sus participantes, que rompa dualismos, que sea fluida y, en este entramado, se enrede política y éticamente. No únicamente con un fin epistemológico, sino que también para contribuir activamente en la producción de otros sentidos, de otros mundos distintos.

La tecnologia ha experimentat canvis significatius en els últims anys, convertint els telèfons mòbils de simples eines de comunicació a dispositius multifuncionals. La preferència per l'ús del mòbil motiva empreses com Stockagile a expandir el seu software web per a botigues minoristes mitjançant una aplicació mòbil. Aquest projecte detalla el procés de planificació i desenvolupament del mòdul de punt de venda dissenyat per a l'aplicació mòbil. En la fase de planificació, es realitza una anàlisi de mercat destacant les oportunitats generades pel projecte, es defineixen les tasques clau i s'estimen els costos associats. La part de desenvolupament se centra en l'establiment d'una arquitectura sòlida per a l'aplicació mòbil, profunditzant després en els casos específics d'un terminal de punt de venda. En conclusió, el desenvolupament de l'aplicació busca adaptar-se a l'evolució tecnològica i aprofitar els avantatges que ofereix la mobilitat en l'àmbit minorista. La integració d'un mòdul de punt de venda a l'aplicació mòbil de Stockagile representa un pas estratègic cap a l'eficiència i l'accessibilitat en l'entorn comercial actual., Technology has undergone significant changes in recent years, transforming mobile phones from simple communication tools into multifunctional devices. The preference for mobile use motivates companies like Stockagile to expand their web software for retail stores through a mobile application. This project details the planning and development process of the point-of-sale module designed for the mobile application. In the planning phase, a market analysis is conducted, highlighting the opportunities generated by the project, defining key tasks, and estimating associated costs. The development part focuses on establishing a solid architecture for the mobile application, delving later into the specific cases of a point-of-sale terminal. In conclusion, the application development aims to adapt to technological evolution and take advantage of the benefits offered by mobility in the retail environment. The integration of a point- of-sale module into Stockagile's mobile application represents a strategic step toward efficiency and accessibility in the current commercial landscape.

The growing use of both digital and mobile technologies have given way to the emergence of new ways of carrying out daily activities and especially commercial activities, a group that has seen the need to apply new ways of doing business through the use of both digital and mobile technologies, however, previous research shows that there is no mass adoption in the use of digital and mobile technologies for making payments in commercial transactions. Therefore, the objective that this research aims to achieve focuses on: Analyzing the main factors that influence so that users of retail businesses in the city of Guayaquil do not massively adopt digital and mobile payment methods. For this, an empirical, descriptive, correlation and cross-sectional study was carried out, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) was used, in addition, quantitative tools such as the survey and qualitative tools such as the bibliographic study were applied. It was possible to determine the existence of various models to explore the adoption of technology by TAM and UTAUT users. When using the TAM model to study the adoption of digital and mobile payment methods, a correlation was found (rho=0.668) positive mean between the independent variable, the factors of the TAM technology acceptance model and the independent variable.Keywords: classroom management, training processes, educational challenge, motivation., El uso en crecimiento de las tecnologías tanto digitales como móviles han dado paso al surgimiento de nuevas formas de realizar las actividades cotidianas y sobre todo las actividades comerciales, sector que se ha visto en la necesidad de aplicar nuevas formas de realizar negocios mediante el uso tanto de tecnologías digitales como móviles, sin embargo, investigaciones previas demuestran que no existe una adopción masiva en el uso de tecnologías digitales y móviles para la realización de pagos en las transacciones comerciales. Por lo tanto, el objetivo que pretende alcanzar esta investigación se enfoca en: Identificar los principales factores que influyen para que los usuarios de los negocios minoristas de la ciudad de Guayaquil adopten de forma masiva los medios de pagos digitales y móviles. Para esto se realizar un estudio empírico´, descriptivo, correlación y de corte trasversal, se empleó el Modelo de Aceptación de Tecnología (TAM), además se aplicaron herramientas cuantitativas como la encuesta y herramientas cualitativas como el estudio bibliográfico. Se pudo determinar la existencia de diversos modelos para explorar la adopción de tecnología por parte de los usuarios TAM y el UTAUT, Al emplear el modelo TAM para estudiar la adopción de los medios de pagos digitales y móviles se halló una correlación (rho=0.668) positiva media entre la variable independiente, los factores del modelo de aceptación de tecnología TAM y la variable independiente.

Las aplicaciones móviles (Apps), como software de acceso inmediato que realiza tareas específicas para los diversos requerimientos de los usuarios (desde el entretenimiento hasta los de oficina), hoy en día, se presentan como una innovación disruptiva con consecuencias imprevistas aún por confirmar en diversas industrias tales como la hotelera, la restaurantera o la de traslado de personas, entre otras. Es interesante resaltar, que el término App ha adquirido una popularidad tan notable que, en 2010, fue listada como la palabra del año de la American Dialect Society Se tienen así, Apps que residen en equipos fijos (Apps web), que se encuentran disponibles en las diversas plataformas de compañías propietarias de sistemas operativos como Windows y Mac OS, así como los que residen en equipos móviles, tales como tabletas y teléfonos inteligentes, tanto Android como iOS (Apps móviles). Es así, que esta obra se orienta a una descripción y uso de las principales Apps móviles orientada principalmente para estudiantes, profesionistas y/o académicos interesados en conocer del contexto y las oportunidades que presentan las Apps mediante el conocimiento de los hábitos de los consumidores, los usos, sus perfiles, etc. tanto a nivel mundial, internacional y México en particular. A partir de lo anterior, hacer del conocimiento de las herramientas necesarias para realizar la planificación del diseño y más que nada, la elección de plataforma que le permita configurar las funciones que le sean requeridas sin uso de la programación. El libro cierra con una descripción de tres portales que proveen de plantillas App, tales como: AppMakr (ahora Appypie) File Maker (ahora Claris) y adiante apps como de los más representativas. Para cumplir lo anterior, esta obra se presenta dividida en: Capítulo 1. El contexto de las AppsCapítulo 2. Apps y sus usosCapítulo 3. Desarrollando y configurando una App Capítulo 4. Práctica con las principales plantillas App, Mobile applications (Apps), as immediate access software that performs specific tasks for various user requirements (ranging from entertainment to office tasks), are now seen as disruptive innovations with unforeseen consequences yet to be confirmed in various industries such as hospitality, restaurants, or transportation services, among others. It's interesting to highlight that the term "App" has gained such notable popularity that, in 2010, it was listed as the Word of the Year by the American Dialect Society. There are Apps that reside on fixed devices (web Apps), available on various platforms of proprietary operating systems like Windows and Mac OS, as well as those that reside on mobile devices, such as tablets and smartphones, both Android and iOS (mobile Apps). This work is thus oriented towards a description and use of the main mobile Apps, aimed primarily at students, professionals, and/or academics interested in understanding the context and opportunities presented by Apps through the knowledge of consumer habits, uses, profiles, etc., both globally, internationally, and specifically in Mexico. Based on the above, it aims to inform about the necessary tools for planning the design and, above all, choosing a platform that allows configuring the required functions without using programming. The book concludes with a description of three portals that provide App templates, such as: AppMakr (now AppyPie), FileMaker (now Claris), and Adiante Apps as some of the most representative. To achieve the above, this work is divided into: Chapter 1. The context of Apps Chapter 2. Apps and their uses Chapter 3. Developing and configuring an App Chapter 4. Practice with the main App templates   &nbsp

Las aplicaciones móviles (Apps), como software de acceso inmediato que realiza tareas específicas para los diversos requerimientos de los usuarios (desde el entretenimiento hasta los de oficina), hoy en día, se presentan como una innovación disruptiva con consecuencias imprevistas aún por confirmar en diversas industrias tales como la hotelera, la restaurantera o la de traslado de personas, entre otras. Es interesante resaltar, que el término App ha adquirido una popularidad tan notable que, en 2010, fue listada como la palabra del año de la American Dialect Society Se tienen así, Apps que residen en equipos fijos (Apps web), que se encuentran disponibles en las diversas plataformas de compañías propietarias de sistemas operativos como Windows y Mac OS, así como los que residen en equipos móviles, tales como tabletas y teléfonos inteligentes, tanto Android como iOS (Apps móviles). Es así, que esta obra se orienta a una descripción y uso de las principales Apps móviles orientada principalmente para estudiantes, profesionistas y/o académicos interesados en conocer del contexto y las oportunidades que presentan las Apps mediante el conocimiento de los hábitos de los consumidores, los usos, sus perfiles, etc. tanto a nivel mundial, internacional y México en particular. A partir de lo anterior, hacer del conocimiento de las herramientas necesarias para realizar la planificación del diseño y más que nada, la elección de plataforma que le permita configurar las funciones que le sean requeridas sin uso de la programación. El libro cierra con una descripción de tres portales que proveen de plantillas App, tales como: AppMakr (ahora Appypie) File Maker (ahora Claris) y adiante apps como de los más representativas. Para cumplir lo anterior, esta obra se presenta dividida en: Capítulo 1. El contexto de las AppsCapítulo 2. Apps y sus usosCapítulo 3. Desarrollando y configurando una App Capítulo 4. Práctica con las principales plantillas App, Mobile applications (Apps), as immediate access software that performs specific tasks for various user requirements (ranging from entertainment to office tasks), are now seen as disruptive innovations with unforeseen consequences yet to be confirmed in various industries such as hospitality, restaurants, or transportation services, among others. It's interesting to highlight that the term "App" has gained such notable popularity that, in 2010, it was listed as the Word of the Year by the American Dialect Society. There are Apps that reside on fixed devices (web Apps), available on various platforms of proprietary operating systems like Windows and Mac OS, as well as those that reside on mobile devices, such as tablets and smartphones, both Android and iOS (mobile Apps). This work is thus oriented towards a description and use of the main mobile Apps, aimed primarily at students, professionals, and/or academics interested in understanding the context and opportunities presented by Apps through the knowledge of consumer habits, uses, profiles, etc., both globally, internationally, and specifically in Mexico. Based on the above, it aims to inform about the necessary tools for planning the design and, above all, choosing a platform that allows configuring the required functions without using programming. The book concludes with a description of three portals that provide App templates, such as: AppMakr (now AppyPie), FileMaker (now Claris), and Adiante Apps as some of the most representative. To achieve the above, this work is divided into: Chapter 1. The context of Apps Chapter 2. Apps and their uses Chapter 3. Developing and configuring an App Chapter 4. Practice with the main App templates   &nbsp

This study compares the performance of two popular cross-platform mobile application development frameworks, Flutter and React Native. As the number of mobile users continues to grow, the ability to target multiple platforms using a single codebase is increasingly important for developers and companies. We conducted three manual UI tests; scrolling through a list, testing the camera, and filtering a large dataset to measure the performance of the frameworks in terms of CPU usage, memory usage, and janky frames on an Android device. The results indicate that Flutter may provide better performance in specific situations when compared to React Native. The study contributes to the existing research by providing additional insights into the performance of these frameworks under specific test scenarios.

Spreadsheets are often used for data input and resource planning, but studies in health care indicate various barriers causing under-reporting. Other studies suggest mobile reporting systems could prevent under-reporting. Nevertheless, the importance of smartphone-based reporting systems within industries is scarcely researched. This thesis studies the importance of such systems and their usability within an industrial context, and the connection to sustainable resource planning. A literature study was conducted and a smartphone prototype was developed. Using a qualitative and mixed-methods approach, eight industrial employees currently using a spreadsheet-based reporting system were asked about barriers to data reporting and the importance of smartphone-based reporting systems. After testing the prototype, they were asked about the importance of different usability-related aspects. The recordings were transcribed and the collected data was sorted and analyzed. This was done to understand the reasoning behind the aspects perceived as the most significant among the respondents. The case study showed that not remembering was regarded as the most important barrier to data reporting among end users of a spreadsheet-based reporting system. Smartphone-based reporting systems that are easy to use with daily reporting and reminders sent to the phone were considered by all respondents to have a positive impact on reporting frequency. However, privacy concerns and phone-related distractions could be issues if no work-related smartphones are provided. This thesis is of interest to developers of smartphone applications with usability in mind, and to companies striving for more efficient and cost-effective resource planning. On a larger scale, it provides insight into how smartphone-based reporting based on usability could lead to improved sustainability through more effective resource usage.

[CA] El treball present consisteix en desenvolupar una plataforma web tant per a escriptori com per a mòbil i que serveix per a gestionar els continguts d’una galeria digital. On no només hi ha visitants que contemplen les obres exposades sinó també un portal d’empleats perquè facin aquesta gestió. Per al seu desenvolupament s’ha seguit una planificació que va des de l’anàlisi de requisits i de mercat, passant pel disseny dels components de la web (’front-end’ i ’back-end’) i la corresponent implementació fins a arribar a un procés de validació per a aquesta, [ES] El trabajo presente consiste en el desarrollo de una plataforma web tanto para escritorio como para móvil y que sirve para gestionar los contenidos de una galería digital. Dónde no sólo hay visitantes que contemplan las obras expuestas sino también un portal de empleados para que realicen dicha gestión. Para su desarrollo se ha seguido una planificación que va desde el análisis de requisitos y de mercado, pasando por el diseño de los componentes de la web (’front-end’ y ’back-end’) y su correspondiente implementación hasta llegar a un proceso de validación para la solución lograda., [EN] The present work consists of the development of a web platform for both desktop and mobile and that serves to manage the contents of a digital gallery. Where there are not only visitors who contemplate the exhibited works but also a portal for employees to carry out said management. For its development, a planning has been followed that goes from the analysis of requirements and the market, going through the design of the web components (’front-end’ and ’back-end’) and their corresponding implementation until reaching a validation process for it.

El presente proyecto tiene como objetivo el diseño y desarrollo de un amplificador de guitarra inalámbrico con capacidad de control de volumen a través de una aplicación móvil. El amplificador se conectará de forma inalámbrica a una aplicación móvil dedicada, la cual ofrecerá una interfaz intuitiva y amigable para controlar y configurar el volumen deseado. Esto permitirá a los músicos ajustar el nivel de sonido sin restricciones físicas, adaptándose a diferentes entornos y necesidades de reproducción de sonido. El diseño del amplificador se centrará en garantizar una alta calidad de sonido, manteniendo la fidelidad y el carácter distintivo de la guitarra. Se emplearán componentes y técnicas de diseño adecuadas para minimizar la distorsión y maximizar la respuesta en frecuencia, asegurando así una experiencia sonora satisfactoria. En cuanto a la conectividad inalámbrica, se explorarán tecnologías y protocolos adecuados para garantizar una transmisión confiable y sin pérdidas de la señal de audio entre el amplificador y la aplicación móvil. Esto permitirá una conexión estable y de baja latencia, sin comprometer la calidad de la señal de audio., The present project aims at the design and development of a wireless guitar amplifier with volume control capability through a mobile application. The amplifier will connect wirelessly to a dedicated mobile application, which will offer an intuitive and user-friendly interface to control and configure the desired volume. This will allow musicians to adjust the sound level without physical restrictions, adapting to different environments and sound reproduction needs. The amplifier design will focus on ensuring high sound quality while maintaining the fidelity and distinctive character of the guitar. Appropriate components and design techniques will be employed to minimize distortion and maximize frequency response, thus ensuring a satisfactory sound experience. Regarding wireless connectivity, suitable technologies and protocols will be explored to ensure reliable and lossless transmission of the audio signal between the amplifier and the mobile application. This will enable a stable and low-latency connection without compromising the audio signal quality.

Today's mobile development resides in the two main operating systems Android and iOS. It is popular to develop mobile applications individually for each respective platform, referred to as native development. To reduce additional costs, cross-platform solutions have emerged that enable shared development for both platforms. Kotlin Multiplatform Mobile (KMM) is a relatively unexplored cross-platform tool developed by JetBrains. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of iOS applications developed in KMM compared to native Swift. We compare the two approaches for developing iOS apps by compiling a benchmark suite and measuring the performance metrics execution time, memory consumption, and CPU usage. Our benchmark suite is a collection of 7 benchmarks consisting of high-level functionalities networking and database management, as well as low-level computational tasks from the Computer Language Benchmarks Game (CLBG) suite. For the studied benchmarks, the results indicate that KMM generally achieves faster execution times, as higher memory consumption and CPU usage. but with a trade-off overhead in higher memory consumption and CPU usage. We have found KMM to achieve up to 2,7 seconds faster execution time, consume up to 390MB more memory, and up to 30% more CPU than with native Swift. libraries achieve faster execution times, but with a trade-off overhead in increased memory consumption and CPU usage. Besides, our results highlight correlations between the garbage collection cycles of KMM with profiling patterns of memory consumption and CPU usage. the specific benchmark implementations analyzed, and the device used to benchmark them. studies are therefore needed to further generalize our conclusions., Den nutida mobilutvecklingen domineras av de två huvudsakliga operativsystemen Android och iOS. Det är populärt att utveckla mobilapplikationer separat för varje plattform, så kallad native utveckling. För att minska kostnader relaterade till native utveckling har plattformsoberoende lösningar tillkommit, som istället möjliggör delad utveckling för båda plattformarna. Kotlin Multiplatform Mobile (KMM) är ett relativt outforskat plattformsoberoende verktyg utvecklat av JetBrains. Syftet med denna studie är att utvärdera prestandan hos iOS-applikationer utvecklade i KMM jämfört med native Swift. Vi jämför de två tillvägagångssätten för att utveckla iOS-appar genom att sammanställa en benchmark-svit och mäta prestandametrikerna exekveringstid, minnesanvändning och CPU-användning. Vår benchmark svit består av 7 benchmark-program som omfattar högnivåfunktionaliteter som nätverk- och databashantering, samt lågnivåfunktionaliteter med benchmark-algoritmer från Computer Language Benchmarks Game (CLBG)-sviten. För att exekvera benchmark-programmen och samla in prestandametriker har en applikation utvecklats och använts för att utföra våra experiment på en iOS-enhet. För de undersökta benchmark-programmen visar resultaten att KMM generellt uppnår snabbare exekveringstider, men med en kompromiss i form av ökad minnesanvändning och CPU-användning. Vi har observerat att KMM kan uppnå upp till 2,7 sekunder snabbare exekveringstid, förbruka upp till 390MB mer minne och upp till 30% mer CPU-användning jämfört med native Swift. Dessutom antyder våra resultat korrelationer mellan KMM Garbage Collection cykler och profileringsbeteendet i dess minnes- och CPU-användning.

This project aims to document the entire process carried out during the devel-opment of the Eatfity application. "Eatfity, una aplicació mòbil d'entrenament i nutrició", encompasses the specifi-cation of the requirements, the design of the architecture to be employed and the design of the application's interface. Eatfity provides users with a system that allows them to monitor both training and nutrition., Aquest projecte pretén documentar tot el procés dut a terme durant el desenvo-lupament de l'aplicació Eatfity. "Eatfity, una aplicació mòbil d'entrenament i nutrició", recull l'especificació dels requisits, el disseny de l'arquitectura a utilitzar i el disseny de la interfície de l'aplicació desenvolupada. Eatfity ofereix als usuaris un sistema amb el qual poden realitzar un seguiment personalitzat tant d'entrenament com de nutrició.

Cell phones, as well as the applications used in them, have changed the forms of communication processes between their users, inclusive, in classroom is common. Among the phenomena associated with the mobile device-applications binomial is phubbing, which is defined as the action of belittling or ignoring a person physically by paying more attention to the mobile phone. This research was developed at a public university in southern of Mexico. The principal objective was to find the relationship between phubbing and the use of mobile device apps when students are in the classroom. The study had a quantitative, descriptive and correlational approach. An instrument of our own elaboration was applied, which measured of two variables; in the one hand, Prevalence of phubbing and on the other hand, the use of apps. The questionnaire was applied in between 2019 and 2021, to 643 students, (F: 471, M: 172). It was identified that the prevalence of phubbing and the approach have a direct positive relationship. This means that, the closer the applications, the more phubbing is done in classes. The findings suggest that a significative percentage of students would like to avoid being phubbers by discovering it as a social phenomenon that affects their academic and social context in person., Los teléfonos celulares, así como las aplicaciones utilizadas en ellos, han cambiado las formas en los procesos comunicativos entre sus usuarios, incluso en las aulas, lo que se percibe con frecuencia. Entre los fenómenos asociados al binomio de dispositivo móvil-aplicaciones se encuentra el phubbing, que se define como la acción de menospreciar o de ignorar a una persona físicamente por prestar más atención a un dispositivo móvil. Esta investigación se desarrolló en una universidad pública en el sur de México con el objetivo de hallar la relación existente entre el phubbing y el uso de las aplicaciones de los dispositivos móviles cuando los y las estudiantes se encuentran presenciando su clase. El estudio tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo y correlacional. Se aplicó un instrumento de elaboración propia que midió dos variables, la Prevalencia del phubbing y, Uso de las aplicaciones. El cuestionario se aplicó en el intervalo de 2019 a 2021, a 643 estudiantes, (M:471, H:172). Se identificó que la prevalencia del phubbing y el acercamiento con las aplicaciones tienen una relación directa de engranaje, esto significa que, a mayor acercamiento a las aplicaciones, más phubbing se realiza en clases. Dentro de los hallazgos se encontró que un porcentaje de estudiantes desearía evitar ser phubbers al descubrirlo como un fenómeno social que afecta su contexto académico e interpersonal al sumergirse en el ocio ignorando su entorno.

La gestion de l’anxiété et de la douleur est un enjeu important dans les services d’hémato-oncologie pédiatriques. Les outils développés et les ressources actuellement disponibles ne sont pas suffisants pour offrir aux patients et à leur famille une gestion optimale de l’anxiété et de la douleur. Les nouvelles technologies, telles que la réalité virtuelle et les contenus vidéoludiques, permettent de créer des outils de distraction thérapeutique adaptés au contexte hospitalier et personnalisés en fonction de la condition des patients. Bien que leur efficacité ait été démontrée, le processus de conception et de développement de ces outils est souvent omis, ce qui rend difficile d’évaluer ces projets dans leur ensemble. L’objectif de cette thèse était tout d’abord de développer et de tester une application multiplateforme basée sur un avatar personnalisé, dans le but de réduire l’anxiété et la douleur chronique chez des enfants hospitalisés dans un service d’hémato-oncologie pédiatrique. Ce projet de recherche visait à étudier et évaluer la faisabilité et l’acceptabilité d’une telle intervention, à comprendre ses effets sur la douleur et l’anxiété des patients, ainsi qu‘à évaluer la satisfaction des patients, de leurs parents et des professionnels de la santé impliqués dans leurs soins. Dans cette perspective, une application multi-plateforme, disponible sur mobile et en réalité virtuelle, a été développée en utilisant un processus de Design Thinking (processus de création centré sur l’utilisateur). À la suite du prototypage et grâce à une approche Co-design, un atelier de dessin a été réalisé avec chaque enfant participant (n=5) afin de créer un avatar personnalisé intégré à chaque application. Par la suite, une approche qualitative recherche-action a été suivie afin de comprendre les effets de notre intervention et ses enjeux logistiques et sociaux auprès des enfants, de leurs parents et des professionnels de la santé. Cette étude a été réalisée grâce à des entrevues

Dinas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Pemerintahan Desa Provinsi Kalimantan Timur mempunyai tugas pokok melaksanakan penyusunan dan pelaksanaan kebijakan daerah di bidang Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Pemerintahan Desa yang ditugaskan kepada Daerah Provinsi Kalimantan Timur.  Salah satu tugas fungsinya adalah perumusan perencanaan, pembinaan, koordinasi, dan pengendalian bidang usaha ekonomi masyarakat, sumber daya alam dan teknologi tepat guna. Dalam kegiatan operasional terdapat kendala dalam hal efisiensi dalam penggunaan teknologi informasi di Dinas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Pemerintahan Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Salah satu contoh kasus yaitu kurang optimalnya penggunaan website yang sudah tersedia untuk melakukan pemrosesan surat masuk dan surat keluar yang masih  menggunakan salinan berkas/ fotocopy, sehingga dari permasalahan ini maka diperlukan desain aplikasi mobile untuk dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai media pertukaran informasi untuk pegawai di Dinas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Pemerintahan Desa Provinsi Kalimantan Timur dengan harapan desain tersebut dapat dikembangkan untuk menjadi sebuah aplikasi, agar kedepannya aktivitas kerja menjadi lebih mudah, dan dengan menu yang disediakan oleh aplikasi ini, pegawai akan lebih efisien untuk mengerjakan surat masuk dan surat keluar. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini dilaksanakan dengan melakukan perancangan desain aplikasi mobile pada Dinas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Pemerintahan Desa Provinsi Kalimantan Timur dengan hasil akhir membantu dalam mempermudah pembuatan aplikasi mobile yang  tentunya akan mempercepat proses untuk menghemat waktu dalam pembuatan karena hasil perancangan desain  aplikasi ini telah disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan dari pegawai di Dinas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Pemerintahan Desa Provinsi Kalimatan Timur.

Dinas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Pemerintahan Desa Provinsi Kalimantan Timur mempunyai tugas pokok melaksanakan penyusunan dan pelaksanaan kebijakan daerah di bidang Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Pemerintahan Desa yang ditugaskan kepada Daerah Provinsi Kalimantan Timur.  Salah satu tugas fungsinya adalah perumusan perencanaan, pembinaan, koordinasi, dan pengendalian bidang usaha ekonomi masyarakat, sumber daya alam dan teknologi tepat guna. Dalam kegiatan operasional terdapat kendala dalam hal efisiensi dalam penggunaan teknologi informasi di Dinas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Pemerintahan Provinsi Kalimantan Timur. Salah satu contoh kasus yaitu kurang optimalnya penggunaan website yang sudah tersedia untuk melakukan pemrosesan surat masuk dan surat keluar yang masih  menggunakan salinan berkas/ fotocopy, sehingga dari permasalahan ini maka diperlukan desain aplikasi mobile untuk dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai media pertukaran informasi untuk pegawai di Dinas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Pemerintahan Desa Provinsi Kalimantan Timur dengan harapan desain tersebut dapat dikembangkan untuk menjadi sebuah aplikasi, agar kedepannya aktivitas kerja menjadi lebih mudah, dan dengan menu yang disediakan oleh aplikasi ini, pegawai akan lebih efisien untuk mengerjakan surat masuk dan surat keluar. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini dilaksanakan dengan melakukan perancangan desain aplikasi mobile pada Dinas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Pemerintahan Desa Provinsi Kalimantan Timur dengan hasil akhir membantu dalam mempermudah pembuatan aplikasi mobile yang  tentunya akan mempercepat proses untuk menghemat waktu dalam pembuatan karena hasil perancangan desain  aplikasi ini telah disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan dari pegawai di Dinas Pemberdayaan Masyarakat dan Pemerintahan Desa Provinsi Kalimatan Timur.

Dentistry interventions cause common anxiety and fear problems in children (6-11 years), and according to scientific evidence, this causes a decrease in their quality of life. Therapies mediated by IT-based tools have been shown to positively influence children’s mood based on distraction as well as relaxing activities, but there is no evidence of their use to reduce dental anxiety in children. The aim of this study was to answer the following research question: Does our new children-centered codesign methodology contribute to achieving a usable mobile-based product with a highly scored user experience?

This study compares the performance of two popular cross-platform mobile application development frameworks, Flutter and React Native. As the number of mobile users continues to grow, the ability to target multiple platforms using a single codebase is increasingly important for developers and companies. We conducted three manual UI tests; scrolling through a list, testing the camera, and filtering a large dataset to measure the performance of the frameworks in terms of CPU usage, memory usage, and janky frames on an Android device. The results indicate that Flutter may provide better performance in specific situations when compared to React Native. The study contributes to the existing research by providing additional insights into the performance of these frameworks under specific test scenarios.

Spreadsheets are often used for data input and resource planning, but studies in health care indicate various barriers causing under-reporting. Other studies suggest mobile reporting systems could prevent under-reporting. Nevertheless, the importance of smartphone-based reporting systems within industries is scarcely researched. This thesis studies the importance of such systems and their usability within an industrial context, and the connection to sustainable resource planning. A literature study was conducted and a smartphone prototype was developed. Using a qualitative and mixed-methods approach, eight industrial employees currently using a spreadsheet-based reporting system were asked about barriers to data reporting and the importance of smartphone-based reporting systems. After testing the prototype, they were asked about the importance of different usability-related aspects. The recordings were transcribed and the collected data was sorted and analyzed. This was done to understand the reasoning behind the aspects perceived as the most significant among the respondents. The case study showed that not remembering was regarded as the most important barrier to data reporting among end users of a spreadsheet-based reporting system. Smartphone-based reporting systems that are easy to use with daily reporting and reminders sent to the phone were considered by all respondents to have a positive impact on reporting frequency. However, privacy concerns and phone-related distractions could be issues if no work-related smartphones are provided. This thesis is of interest to developers of smartphone applications with usability in mind, and to companies striving for more efficient and cost-effective resource planning. On a larger scale, it provides insight into how smartphone-based reporting based on usability could lead to improved sustainability through more effective resource usage.

Spreadsheets are often used for data input and resource planning, but studies in health care indicate various barriers causing under-reporting. Other studies suggest mobile reporting systems could prevent under-reporting. Nevertheless, the importance of smartphone-based reporting systems within industries is scarcely researched. This thesis studies the importance of such systems and their usability within an industrial context, and the connection to sustainable resource planning. A literature study was conducted and a smartphone prototype was developed. Using a qualitative and mixed-methods approach, eight industrial employees currently using a spreadsheet-based reporting system were asked about barriers to data reporting and the importance of smartphone-based reporting systems. After testing the prototype, they were asked about the importance of different usability-related aspects. The recordings were transcribed and the collected data was sorted and analyzed. This was done to understand the reasoning behind the aspects perceived as the most significant among the respondents. The case study showed that not remembering was regarded as the most important barrier to data reporting among end users of a spreadsheet-based reporting system. Smartphone-based reporting systems that are easy to use with daily reporting and reminders sent to the phone were considered by all respondents to have a positive impact on reporting frequency. However, privacy concerns and phone-related distractions could be issues if no work-related smartphones are provided. This thesis is of interest to developers of smartphone applications with usability in mind, and to companies striving for more efficient and cost-effective resource planning. On a larger scale, it provides insight into how smartphone-based reporting based on usability could lead to improved sustainability through more effective resource usage.

Spreadsheets are often used for data input and resource planning, but studies in health care indicate various barriers causing under-reporting. Other studies suggest mobile reporting systems could prevent under-reporting. Nevertheless, the importance of smartphone-based reporting systems within industries is scarcely researched. This thesis studies the importance of such systems and their usability within an industrial context, and the connection to sustainable resource planning. A literature study was conducted and a smartphone prototype was developed. Using a qualitative and mixed-methods approach, eight industrial employees currently using a spreadsheet-based reporting system were asked about barriers to data reporting and the importance of smartphone-based reporting systems. After testing the prototype, they were asked about the importance of different usability-related aspects. The recordings were transcribed and the collected data was sorted and analyzed. This was done to understand the reasoning behind the aspects perceived as the most significant among the respondents. The case study showed that not remembering was regarded as the most important barrier to data reporting among end users of a spreadsheet-based reporting system. Smartphone-based reporting systems that are easy to use with daily reporting and reminders sent to the phone were considered by all respondents to have a positive impact on reporting frequency. However, privacy concerns and phone-related distractions could be issues if no work-related smartphones are provided. This thesis is of interest to developers of smartphone applications with usability in mind, and to companies striving for more efficient and cost-effective resource planning. On a larger scale, it provides insight into how smartphone-based reporting based on usability could lead to improved sustainability through more effective resource usage.

Spreadsheets are often used for data input and resource planning, but studies in health care indicate various barriers causing under-reporting. Other studies suggest mobile reporting systems could prevent under-reporting. Nevertheless, the importance of smartphone-based reporting systems within industries is scarcely researched. This thesis studies the importance of such systems and their usability within an industrial context, and the connection to sustainable resource planning. A literature study was conducted and a smartphone prototype was developed. Using a qualitative and mixed-methods approach, eight industrial employees currently using a spreadsheet-based reporting system were asked about barriers to data reporting and the importance of smartphone-based reporting systems. After testing the prototype, they were asked about the importance of different usability-related aspects. The recordings were transcribed and the collected data was sorted and analyzed. This was done to understand the reasoning behind the aspects perceived as the most significant among the respondents. The case study showed that not remembering was regarded as the most important barrier to data reporting among end users of a spreadsheet-based reporting system. Smartphone-based reporting systems that are easy to use with daily reporting and reminders sent to the phone were considered by all respondents to have a positive impact on reporting frequency. However, privacy concerns and phone-related distractions could be issues if no work-related smartphones are provided. This thesis is of interest to developers of smartphone applications with usability in mind, and to companies striving for more efficient and cost-effective resource planning. On a larger scale, it provides insight into how smartphone-based reporting based on usability could lead to improved sustainability through more effective resource usage.

Spreadsheets are often used for data input and resource planning, but studies in health care indicate various barriers causing under-reporting. Other studies suggest mobile reporting systems could prevent under-reporting. Nevertheless, the importance of smartphone-based reporting systems within industries is scarcely researched. This thesis studies the importance of such systems and their usability within an industrial context, and the connection to sustainable resource planning. A literature study was conducted and a smartphone prototype was developed. Using a qualitative and mixed-methods approach, eight industrial employees currently using a spreadsheet-based reporting system were asked about barriers to data reporting and the importance of smartphone-based reporting systems. After testing the prototype, they were asked about the importance of different usability-related aspects. The recordings were transcribed and the collected data was sorted and analyzed. This was done to understand the reasoning behind the aspects perceived as the most significant among the respondents. The case study showed that not remembering was regarded as the most important barrier to data reporting among end users of a spreadsheet-based reporting system. Smartphone-based reporting systems that are easy to use with daily reporting and reminders sent to the phone were considered by all respondents to have a positive impact on reporting frequency. However, privacy concerns and phone-related distractions could be issues if no work-related smartphones are provided. This thesis is of interest to developers of smartphone applications with usability in mind, and to companies striving for more efficient and cost-effective resource planning. On a larger scale, it provides insight into how smartphone-based reporting based on usability could lead to improved sustainability through more effective resource usage.

Today's mobile development resides in the two main operating systems Android and iOS. It is popular to develop mobile applications individually for each respective platform, referred to as native development. To reduce additional costs, cross-platform solutions have emerged that enable shared development for both platforms. Kotlin Multiplatform Mobile (KMM) is a relatively unexplored cross-platform tool developed by JetBrains. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of iOS applications developed in KMM compared to native Swift. We compare the two approaches for developing iOS apps by compiling a benchmark suite and measuring the performance metrics execution time, memory consumption, and CPU usage. Our benchmark suite is a collection of 7 benchmarks consisting of high-level functionalities networking and database management, as well as low-level computational tasks from the Computer Language Benchmarks Game (CLBG) suite. For the studied benchmarks, the results indicate that KMM generally achieves faster execution times, as higher memory consumption and CPU usage. but with a trade-off overhead in higher memory consumption and CPU usage. We have found KMM to achieve up to 2,7 seconds faster execution time, consume up to 390MB more memory, and up to 30% more CPU than with native Swift. libraries achieve faster execution times, but with a trade-off overhead in increased memory consumption and CPU usage. Besides, our results highlight correlations between the garbage collection cycles of KMM with profiling patterns of memory consumption and CPU usage. the specific benchmark implementations analyzed, and the device used to benchmark them. studies are therefore needed to further generalize our conclusions., Den nutida mobilutvecklingen domineras av de två huvudsakliga operativsystemen Android och iOS. Det är populärt att utveckla mobilapplikationer separat för varje plattform, så kallad native utveckling. För att minska kostnader relaterade till native utveckling har plattformsoberoende lösningar tillkommit, som istället möjliggör delad utveckling för båda plattformarna. Kotlin Multiplatform Mobile (KMM) är ett relativt outforskat plattformsoberoende verktyg utvecklat av JetBrains. Syftet med denna studie är att utvärdera prestandan hos iOS-applikationer utvecklade i KMM jämfört med native Swift. Vi jämför de två tillvägagångssätten för att utveckla iOS-appar genom att sammanställa en benchmark-svit och mäta prestandametrikerna exekveringstid, minnesanvändning och CPU-användning. Vår benchmark svit består av 7 benchmark-program som omfattar högnivåfunktionaliteter som nätverk- och databashantering, samt lågnivåfunktionaliteter med benchmark-algoritmer från Computer Language Benchmarks Game (CLBG)-sviten. För att exekvera benchmark-programmen och samla in prestandametriker har en applikation utvecklats och använts för att utföra våra experiment på en iOS-enhet. För de undersökta benchmark-programmen visar resultaten att KMM generellt uppnår snabbare exekveringstider, men med en kompromiss i form av ökad minnesanvändning och CPU-användning. Vi har observerat att KMM kan uppnå upp till 2,7 sekunder snabbare exekveringstid, förbruka upp till 390MB mer minne och upp till 30% mer CPU-användning jämfört med native Swift. Dessutom antyder våra resultat korrelationer mellan KMM Garbage Collection cykler och profileringsbeteendet i dess minnes- och CPU-användning.

Technology-augmented choice-making impacts many facets of business. The use of economic incentives under the ubiquitous mobile ecosystem for prosocial behavior has been shown to be particularly effective. We build on the previous work on this topic and study how mobile-based economic incentives and environments influence charitable giving behavior. In contrast to traditional fund-raising, we consider the use of mobile devices to generate giving in small denominations, which we term microgiving. In collaboration with a US-based mobile app provider, we incorporated a functionality that allowed users to contribute their in-app reward points to charity. To encourage donations, we used economic incentives in the form of monetary subsidies, i.e., rebates or matching grants, as well as digital nudges in the form of push notifications. We studied the effects of these factors on giving behavior across two large-scale field experiments. Focusing on the different aspects of smartphones that could differentially impact charitable giving behavior—namely the intensely private and personal nature of smartphones—we examined how the visibility of donation decisions affects giving behavior by toggling audience effects. Our results show that the effectiveness of incentives is contingent upon the magnitude of the incentive as well as the extent to which individual decisions are visible to others. To situate our results in relation to the traditional medium of charitable giving, we propose an analytical model that internalizes the subsidy rates and the audience effect. This study provides initial empirical evidence and an analytical model to advance technology-augmented charitable giving that can provide insights to organizations and service providers. © 2023 University of Minnesota. All rights reserved.

This article reviews the recent advances in the field of batteryless near-field communication (NFC) sensors for chemical sensing and biosensing. The commercial availability of low-cost commercial NFC integrated circuits (ICs) and their massive integration in smartphones, used as readers and cloud interfaces, have aroused great interest in new batteryless NFC sensors. The fact that coil antennas are not importantly affected by the body compared with other wireless sensors based on far-field communications makes this technology suitable for future wearable point-of-care testing (PoCT) devices. This review first compares energy harvesting based on NFC to other energy-harvesting technologies. Next, some practical recommendations for designing and tuning NFC-based tags are described. Power transfer is key because in most cases, the energy harvested has to be stable for several seconds and not contaminated by undesired signals. For this reason, the effect of the dimensions of the coils and the conductivity on the wireless power transfer is thoroughly discussed. In the last part of the review, the state of the art in NFC-based chemical and biosensors is presented. NFC-based tags (or sensor tags) are mainly based on commercial or custom NFC ICs, which are used to harvest the energy from the RF field generated by the smartphone to power the electronics. Low-consumption colorimeters and potentiostats can be integrated into these NFC tags, opening the door to the integration of chemical sensors and biosensors, which can be harvested and read from a smartphone. The smartphone is also used to upload the acquired information to the cloud to facilitate the internet of medical things (IoMT) paradigm. Finally, several chipless sensors recently proposed in the literature as a low-cost al

When one has to wait for a system to respond this is mediated by spinners, progress bars, skeleton-screens and other means. This project studies experiencing longer waits along the lines of ”no activity” (progress bar), ”passive waiting” (reading) and ”active waiting” (doing something). For the latter, a novel method is introduced: users swipe an image and content underneath unveils, as if it were a scratch card. A between-subjects experiment (n=410) was conducted using a mobile website in 3 conditions to gauge the effects on estimated waiting time and enjoyment. The “no activity” and “active waiting” conditions were estimated faster than the “passive waiting” condition. The “passive” and “active” waiting condition were more enjoyable than the “no activity” condition. When combining waiting time estimation (short is preferable) and enjoyment (higher is preferable) the “active waiting” condition yielded better results.

This article presents the findings of an unsupervised field study conducted over 31 days in Argentina and Cuba in order to explore mobile QoE. We also analyzed the correspondence between the objective observations and users’ opinions to identify contextual conditions that could have influenced the study’s results. Using their own mobile devices in everyday contexts, 95 users from Argentina and Cuba interacted with CovidInfo app, thereby recording values for eight objective metrics as well as their opinions. The total data set collected consisted of 41,144 records. Analysis of the CovidInfo application yielded positive QoE results in both countries, as 88% and 70% of the objective metrics in Argentina and Cuba, respectively, were optimal. The main difference between the two countries is the type of connection: In Argentina, WiFi networks are predominant, while the trend in Cuba is mobile data connections., Este artículo presenta los hallazgos de un estudio de campo no supervisado realizado durante 31 días en Argentina y Cuba con el fin de explorar la QoE móvil. También analizamos la correspondencia entre las observaciones objetivas y las opiniones de los usuarios para identificar las condiciones contextuales que podrían haber influido en los resultados del estudio. Utilizando sus propios dispositivos móviles en contextos cotidianos, 95 usuarios de Argentina y Cuba interactuaron con la app CovidInfo, registrando así los valores de ocho métricas objetivas, así como sus opiniones. El conjunto total de datos recopilados consistió en 41.144 registros. El análisis de la aplicación CovidInfo arrojó resultados positivos de QoE en ambos países, ya que el 88% y el 70% de las métricas objetivas en Argentina y Cuba, respectivamente, fueron óptimas. La principal diferencia entre los dos países es el tipo de conexión: en Argentina predominan las redes WiFi, mientras que la tendencia en Cuba son las conexiones de datos móviles.

This article presents the findings of an unsupervised field study conducted over 31 days in Argentina and Cuba in order to explore mobile QoE. We also analyzed the correspondence between the objective observations and users’ opinions to identify contextual conditions that could have influenced the study’s results. Using their own mobile devices in everyday contexts, 95 users from Argentina and Cuba interacted with CovidInfo app, thereby recording values for eight objective metrics as well as their opinions. The total data set collected consisted of 41,144 records. Analysis of the CovidInfo application yielded positive QoE results in both countries, as 88% and 70% of the objective metrics in Argentina and Cuba, respectively, were optimal. The main difference between the two countries is the type of connection: In Argentina, WiFi networks are predominant, while the trend in Cuba is mobile data connections., Este artículo presenta los hallazgos de un estudio de campo no supervisado realizado durante 31 días en Argentina y Cuba con el fin de explorar la QoE móvil. También analizamos la correspondencia entre las observaciones objetivas y las opiniones de los usuarios para identificar las condiciones contextuales que podrían haber influido en los resultados del estudio. Utilizando sus propios dispositivos móviles en contextos cotidianos, 95 usuarios de Argentina y Cuba interactuaron con la app CovidInfo, registrando así los valores de ocho métricas objetivas, así como sus opiniones. El conjunto total de datos recopilados consistió en 41.144 registros. El análisis de la aplicación CovidInfo arrojó resultados positivos de QoE en ambos países, ya que el 88% y el 70% de las métricas objetivas en Argentina y Cuba, respectivamente, fueron óptimas. La principal diferencia entre los dos países es el tipo de conexión: en Argentina predominan las redes WiFi, mientras que la tendencia en Cuba son las conexiones de datos móviles.

This research focuses on developing a mobile application to determine the ultraviolet index (IUV) in the region of Puno, which was developed on the ANDROID platform and applies the methodology for developing mobile applications. The application has been put in evaluation, to guarantee that the calculated data are as close as possible to the real thing and in this way inform the users. For the development of the mobile application has been used high-level programming tools, of the latest generation, Android Studio type, which provides us with mobile simulators. And for the development of the algorithm that allows us to calculate the ultraviolet index we used the equations of Iqbal, Spencer and Hernandez, which are implemented in code. For the validation of the calculated data we used the correlation coefficient between the data calculated by the mobile and the TUV model for the city of Puno, obtaining correlation values greater than r=0.98., La presente investigación, se enfoca en desarrollar una aplicación móvil para determinar el índice ultravioleta (IUV) en la región de Puno, el cual se desarrolló en la plataforma ANDROID y se aplica la metodología de desarrollo de aplicaciones móviles. La aplicación ha sido puesta en evaluación, para garantizar que los datos calculados sean lo más próximos a lo real y de esta manera informar a los usuarios. Para el desarrollo de la aplicación móvil se ha utilizado herramientas de programación de alto nivel, de última generación, tipo Android Studio, el cual nos provee de simuladores de móviles. Y para el desarrollo del algoritmo que nos permita calcular el índice ultravioleta se utilizó las ecuaciones de Iqbal, Spencer y Hernández, los cuales se implementar en código. Para la validación de los datos calculados se utilizó el coeficiente correlación entre los datos calculados por el móvil y el modelo TUV para la ciudad de Puno, obteniéndose valores de correlación mayores a r=0.98.

Diminished reality (DR) is an extension of augmented reality (AR) in which real objects are concealed, removed, or replaced. State of the art DR implementations are written and evaluated on desktop platforms, and those which are aimed at smartphones use auxiliary data or hardware for image completion. This paper introduces a DR app for Android smartphones which can select, track, and remove objects in an unrestricted environment from live video at interactive speed. The application relies exclusively on RGB frames from the phone's camera as input to the DR pipeline. Multiple algorithms for object selection and tracking, as well as a patch-based inpainting approach were adapted. Selection and tracking of objects was very reliable at interactive speed. Inpainting led to convincing results for planar surfaces and unstructured textures, often delivering acceptable results even in more complicated scenes. Future optimizations are required for real-time performance of DR algorithms even on a flagship smartphone, as the hardware was a constraining factor. The performance of inpainting in particular needs to be improved to achieve acceptable frame rates., CSE3000 Research Project, Computer Science and Engineering

Scratch is a block programming language which introduces beginners to programming. Instead of code the user has access to a set of blocks with text and icons, explaining how the block will affect the program that is written. The connection between one block and the corresponding code can be hard to understand for the beginner. The goal of this project is therefore to develop a user-friendly, flashcard-based mobile application to show the target group of 8- to 16-year-olds that behind every block there is code. The application is developed in TypeScript, using React Native as framework and the developer tool Expo for setting up and publishing of the application. The final application consists of 6 different screens; a starting screen, an information screen, a menu, a submenu, an "under development"-screen and a flashcard view. The user can navigate between the screens and by choosing a specific block the flashcard view displays a flashcard with the block and the corresponding translation in Python. The goal of the project is fulfilled, and with a testing group it is also confirmed that the application is user-friendly. Although the goal is achieved, the conclusion that the step between block programming and syntax is hard can be drawn, with difficulties in translating the blocks appearing along the way.

Med hög sannolikhet tittar du just nu på en yta av glas. Bakom skärmen ligger ett rutnät beståendes av tusentals pixlar som formar det du ser. Den digitala revolutionen har underlättat våra liv på det mest fantastiska sätt. Men i sociala rum kring ett matbord har det blivit en kamp om uppmärksamheten mellan två olika världar, en virtuell och en verklig. Mitt arbete handlar om den visuella konsumtionen på Instagram. Hur vi ständigt vill se mer, hur vi vänjer oss vid belöning och bekräftelse. Vi smygtittar in i folks liv och är nästan alltid uppkopplade. Ett nytt beteende har snabbt utvecklats där vi väljer att kolla på telefonen i stället för att samtala och se varandra IRL. Likt en Wunderkammer har jag samlat objekt från världens alla hörn i ett rum. Av nyfikenhet att försöka förstå den digitala frestelsen. Att samla fragment på en och samma plats för att skapa en helhet. Symboler, sida vid sida. Hierarkier. Ett kontrollerat kaos. Delar av glas. Bit efter bit, pixel efter pixel. I min gestaltning har jag materialiserat det digitala genom tusentals bitar av glas – och fogar som skapar friktion för ett febrilt scrollande finger., It’s a big chance that you’re currently looking at a surface of glass. Behind the screen is a grid consisting thousands of pixels that shape what you see. The digital revolution has made our lives easier in the most amazing way. But in social settings around a dining table, there has been a struggle for attention between two different worlds, a virtual and a real. My project is about the visual consumption on Instagram. How we constantly want to see more, how we get used to rewards and confirmation. We peek into people's lives and are almost always connected. A new behavior has developed rapidly where we choose to look at the phone instead of talking and seeing each other IRL. Just like a Wunderkammer, I have collected objects from all over the world in one room, out of curiosity to try to understand the digital hunger. To collect fragments in one place to see the whole picture. Symbols, side by side. Hierarchy. A controlled chaos. Parts of glass. Bit by bit, pixel by pixel. In my artwork, I have materialized the digital world with thousands of pieces of glass — and grouts that create friction for a scrolling finger.

For 15% of the world population with disabilities, accessibility is arguably the most critical software quality attribute. The ever-growing reliance of users with disability on mobile apps further underscores the need for accessible software in this domain. Manual accessibility testing with assistive services is a high-fidelity form of testing; however, it is time-consuming and requires deep knowledge of various aspects of accessibility. Existing automated accessibility assessment techniques primarily aim to detect violations of predefined guidelines, thereby often overlook the way software is actually used by users with disability, i.e., with assistive services. Since disabled users, especially the ones with motor or visual impairments, are heavily reliant on assistive services in interacting with apps, many important cues are missed when these services are not considered in the evaluation of an app’s accessibility.This dissertation proposes a three-pronged approach to advance accessibility testing for mobile applications by including assistive services in the evaluation process. In the first prong, I introduce a new technique to extract main use cases of the software from the existing software tests, then re-execute them from the standpoint of users with disabilities with various assistive services. In the second prong, I introduce a completely automated way to crawl applications using assistive services to detect accessibility issues at runtime. Finally, in the third prong, I introduce a semi-automated technique to aid manual accessibility testers to efficiently evaluate applications with various assistive services. To show the feasibility of these ideas, this dissertation particularly presents and proposes automated and semi-automated tools implemented for Android platform, namely for each prong (1) LATTE, (2) GROUNDHOG, OVERSIGHT, and (3) A11YPUPPETRY.All conducted experiments on real-world subject apps corroborate the effectiveness and efficiency of the propos

This article presents the findings of an unsupervised field study conducted over 31 days in Argentina and Cuba in order to explore mobile QoE. We also analyzed the correspondence between the objective observations and users’ opinions to identify contextual conditions that could have influenced the study’s results. Using their own mobile devices in everyday contexts, 95 users from Argentina and Cuba interacted with CovidInfo app, thereby recording values for eight objective metrics as well as their opinions. The total data set collected consisted of 41,144 records. Analysis of the CovidInfo application yielded positive QoE results in both countries, as 88% and 70% of the objective metrics in Argentina and Cuba, respectively, were optimal. The main difference between the two countries is the type of connection: In Argentina, WiFi networks are predominant, while the trend in Cuba is mobile data connections., Este artículo presenta los hallazgos de un estudio de campo no supervisado realizado durante 31 días en Argentina y Cuba con el fin de explorar la QoE móvil. También analizamos la correspondencia entre las observaciones objetivas y las opiniones de los usuarios para identificar las condiciones contextuales que podrían haber influido en los resultados del estudio. Utilizando sus propios dispositivos móviles en contextos cotidianos, 95 usuarios de Argentina y Cuba interactuaron con la app CovidInfo, registrando así los valores de ocho métricas objetivas, así como sus opiniones. El conjunto total de datos recopilados consistió en 41.144 registros. El análisis de la aplicación CovidInfo arrojó resultados positivos de QoE en ambos países, ya que el 88% y el 70% de las métricas objetivas en Argentina y Cuba, respectivamente, fueron óptimas. La principal diferencia entre los dos países es el tipo de conexión: en Argentina predominan las redes WiFi, mientras que la tendencia en Cuba son las conexiones de datos móviles.

This article presents the findings of an unsupervised field study conducted over 31 days in Argentina and Cuba in order to explore mobile QoE. We also analyzed the correspondence between the objective observations and users’ opinions to identify contextual conditions that could have influenced the study’s results. Using their own mobile devices in everyday contexts, 95 users from Argentina and Cuba interacted with CovidInfo app, thereby recording values for eight objective metrics as well as their opinions. The total data set collected consisted of 41,144 records. Analysis of the CovidInfo application yielded positive QoE results in both countries, as 88% and 70% of the objective metrics in Argentina and Cuba, respectively, were optimal. The main difference between the two countries is the type of connection: In Argentina, WiFi networks are predominant, while the trend in Cuba is mobile data connections., Este artículo presenta los hallazgos de un estudio de campo no supervisado realizado durante 31 días en Argentina y Cuba con el fin de explorar la QoE móvil. También analizamos la correspondencia entre las observaciones objetivas y las opiniones de los usuarios para identificar las condiciones contextuales que podrían haber influido en los resultados del estudio. Utilizando sus propios dispositivos móviles en contextos cotidianos, 95 usuarios de Argentina y Cuba interactuaron con la app CovidInfo, registrando así los valores de ocho métricas objetivas, así como sus opiniones. El conjunto total de datos recopilados consistió en 41.144 registros. El análisis de la aplicación CovidInfo arrojó resultados positivos de QoE en ambos países, ya que el 88% y el 70% de las métricas objetivas en Argentina y Cuba, respectivamente, fueron óptimas. La principal diferencia entre los dos países es el tipo de conexión: en Argentina predominan las redes WiFi, mientras que la tendencia en Cuba son las conexiones de datos móviles.

This research focuses on developing a mobile application to determine the ultraviolet index (IUV) in the region of Puno, which was developed on the ANDROID platform and applies the methodology for developing mobile applications. The application has been put in evaluation, to guarantee that the calculated data are as close as possible to the real thing and in this way inform the users. For the development of the mobile application has been used high-level programming tools, of the latest generation, Android Studio type, which provides us with mobile simulators. And for the development of the algorithm that allows us to calculate the ultraviolet index we used the equations of Iqbal, Spencer and Hernandez, which are implemented in code. For the validation of the calculated data we used the correlation coefficient between the data calculated by the mobile and the TUV model for the city of Puno, obtaining correlation values greater than r=0.98., La presente investigación, se enfoca en desarrollar una aplicación móvil para determinar el índice ultravioleta (IUV) en la región de Puno, el cual se desarrolló en la plataforma ANDROID y se aplica la metodología de desarrollo de aplicaciones móviles. La aplicación ha sido puesta en evaluación, para garantizar que los datos calculados sean lo más próximos a lo real y de esta manera informar a los usuarios. Para el desarrollo de la aplicación móvil se ha utilizado herramientas de programación de alto nivel, de última generación, tipo Android Studio, el cual nos provee de simuladores de móviles. Y para el desarrollo del algoritmo que nos permita calcular el índice ultravioleta se utilizó las ecuaciones de Iqbal, Spencer y Hernández, los cuales se implementar en código. Para la validación de los datos calculados se utilizó el coeficiente correlación entre los datos calculados por el móvil y el modelo TUV para la ciudad de Puno, obteniéndose valores de correlación mayores a r=0.98.

The release of the location-based game Pokemon Go saw the creators breaking world records for most revenue grossed by a mobile game within its first month. With location-based games and services such as Pokemon Go becoming mainstream, new opportunities in the market have been opened. But as location-based services become more popular there is a need for research and development of UX-design to keep up. Regarding location-based services there are multiple important questions in the field. For example, how are map interactions made intuitive and how are elements that interact with the map designed for the best user experience? Questions such as these will be explored in this thesis. This thesis is done in collaboration with the company Exenze which develops a location-based mobile game called Oknytt - Jakten på amuletten (Oknytt - The hunt for the amulet). The game is tailored to specific outdoor areas of the company's clients' choosing, such as campsites, parks or playgrounds. As of the writing of this thesis, the way of creating a level for Oknytt was very complex and took a lot of time. Exenze wanted an easier way to create levels, in which clients could make make their own levels; hence, the aim of this study was to create a user interface in which a non-professional user could create their own fun, engaging, and safe level for Oknytt. The method of this thesis consisted of development and testing of a low fidelity prototype, a mid fidelity prototype and a high fidelity prototype. The resulting high fidelity prototype divided the complex task of creating a level on a specific location into four dependable sub-tasks; finding a place, marking the game zone, marking areas that were unsafe for children, and managing collectibles. These sub-tasks were made into steps in a Wizard with one added step for filling billing information. The prototype was generally well received by users. Most of the problems in the interface had to do with the marking of game zones as well a

The release of the location-based game Pokemon Go saw the creators breaking world records for most revenue grossed by a mobile game within its first month. With location-based games and services such as Pokemon Go becoming mainstream, new opportunities in the market have been opened. But as location-based services become more popular there is a need for research and development of UX-design to keep up. Regarding location-based services there are multiple important questions in the field. For example, how are map interactions made intuitive and how are elements that interact with the map designed for the best user experience? Questions such as these will be explored in this thesis. This thesis is done in collaboration with the company Exenze which develops a location-based mobile game called Oknytt - Jakten på amuletten (Oknytt - The hunt for the amulet). The game is tailored to specific outdoor areas of the company's clients' choosing, such as campsites, parks or playgrounds. As of the writing of this thesis, the way of creating a level for Oknytt was very complex and took a lot of time. Exenze wanted an easier way to create levels, in which clients could make make their own levels; hence, the aim of this study was to create a user interface in which a non-professional user could create their own fun, engaging, and safe level for Oknytt. The method of this thesis consisted of development and testing of a low fidelity prototype, a mid fidelity prototype and a high fidelity prototype. The resulting high fidelity prototype divided the complex task of creating a level on a specific location into four dependable sub-tasks; finding a place, marking the game zone, marking areas that were unsafe for children, and managing collectibles. These sub-tasks were made into steps in a Wizard with one added step for filling billing information. The prototype was generally well received by users. Most of the problems in the interface had to do with the marking of game zones as well a

Due to limitations in hardware, raising processor clock speeds is no longer the primary way to increase computing performance. Instead, computing devices are equipped with multiple processors (they are multi-core) to increase performance by enabling parallel execution of code. To fully utilize all available computational power, programs need to be concurrent, i.e. be able to manage multiple tasks at the same time. To this end, programming languages and platforms often provide a concurrency model that allows developers to construct concurrent programs. These models can vary both in design and implementation. In September of 2021, a new version of the Swift programming language, most commonly used to develop mobile applications on Apple’s iOS platform, was released. This release introduced a new concurrency model, Swift concurrency (SC), featuring e.g. structured concurrency and the async/await pattern. The performance of a concurrency model is important, not the least because end users expect applications to be responsive and performant. This thesis investigates Swift’s new concurrency model from a performance perspective, comparing it to a previous model, Grand Central Dispatch (GCD). Six benchmark applications are developed and implemented in both the GCD and the Swift concurrency models. Three of the benchmarks are focused on exercising separate parts of the models in isolation. The other three use the models to solve classical computational problems: Fibonacci numbers, N-Queens problem, and matrix multiplication. A performance analysis is carried out to study the differences in execution time and memory consumption between the two models. The results show differences between the two models, especially in execution time, and indicate that neither model consistently outperforms the other. Finally, some possible avenues for future work are identified., På grund av begränsningar i hårdvara går det inte längre att öka datorprestanda genom att enbart öka klockfrekvensen hos processorer. Datorer förses numera istället med flera processorer (s.k. multi-core) för att öka prestanda genom att möjliggöra parallell exekvering av kod. För att till fullo kunna utnyttja all tillgänglig datorkraft så måste program vara concurrent, det vill säga att de måste kunna hantera flera olika uppgifter samtidigt. För detta ändamål tillhandahåller programmeringsspråk och plattformar ofta en concurrency-modell som låter utvecklare konstruera program som är concurrent. Dessa modeller kan variera både i design och i hur de är implementerade. I september 2021 så släpptes en ny version av programmeringsspråket Swift, som främst används för att utveckla mobilapplikationer på Apples iOS-plattform. Den nya versionen introducerade en ny concurrency-modell, Swift concurrency, med bland annat strukturerad concurrency och async/await-mönstret. Prestandan i en concurrency-modell är viktig att beakta, inte minst för att användare förväntar sig att applikationer ska vara responsiva och kraftfulla. Denna studie utvärderar den nya concurrency-modellen ur ett prestandaperspektiv, och jämför den med en tidigare modell, Grand Central Dispatch (GCD). Sex stycken benchmark-applikationer skapas och implementeras i både GCD- och Swift concurrency-modellerna. Tre av våra benchmarks fokuserar på att utvärdera enskilda delar av modellerna var för sig. De andra tre använder modellerna för att lösa klassiska beräkningsproblem: Fibonacci-tal, N-Queens-problemet, och matrismultiplikation. En prestandaanalys utförs för att studera skillnaderna i exekveringstid och minnesanvändning mellan de två modellerna. Resultaten visar på skillnader mellan de två modellerna, särskilt i exekveringstid, och indikerar att ingendera modell konsekvent presterar bättre än den andra. Slutligen identifieras några möjliga vägar för framtida arbete.

CAPTCHA, which stands for completely automated public Turing test to tell computers and humans apart, is a system that can be implemented in a software application with the purpose of differentiating between bot users and humans users (the CAPTCHA system works in a way that a challenge is given to to the users of the application, were the challenge is easy to solve for humans users while it is difficult for bots). The idea is that a bot should not be able to access parts of the application that requires solving a CAPTCHA. With this arrangement, developers of these applications can ensure to the best of their ability that the only active users of their applications are real humans. Modern bots that target these application, however, are designed to be able to solve, and thus bypass these CAPTCHA challenges. This has, in turn, resulted in application owners implementing more and more complex CAPTCHA solutions into their applications, to try to make them unbeatable to bots. These more complex CAPTCHA solutions have the unfortunate site effect of also being more difficult for humans to solve. This is the trade off between the usability/obtrusiveness and effectiveness for these CAPTCHA systems. The goal in this study is to map out which factors that contribute the most to effectiveness and usability of existing CAPTCHA implementations, to provide an understanding about which characteristics that are the most beneficial to include in a CAPTCHA implementation, in regards to effectiveness, usability and obtrusiveness., Ett robotfilter (CAPTCHA på engelska) är ett typ av mjukvarubaserat system som implementeras i digitala applikationer med syftet att urskilja botanvändare från mänskliga användare av applikationen. Sättet som ett robotfiltersystem fungerar är att det ger ett test till användarna av applikationen, som ska vara svårt för robotanvändare att lösa men enkelt för mänskliga användare. Idén bakom detta är att se till att delar av en applikation som är skyddade av robotfilter endast ska tillåta mänskligare användare att passera, därav namnet robotfilter. Nutidens robotar som är utvecklade för att attackera applikationer där ett robotfilter system är implementerat, är ofta utvecklade för att kunna lösa, och med det också genomtränga, dessa typer av robotfiltersystem. Detta har dock orsakat att applikationsägare nu implementerar mer och mer avanserade robotfilterlösningar för att försöka bibehålla att robotar inte kan genomtränga deras robotfiltersystem. Detta medför också biverkningen att mänskliga användare också får svårare att lösa robotfilterimplementatinoerna. Denna kapplöpning mellan robottilverkare och robotfiltertillverkare medför att det har uppstått en avvägning mellan robotfilterlösningar användarvänlighet, och deras effektivitet. Målet med den här studien är att undersöka vilka faktorer och egenskaper har störst positiv påverkan på effektiviteten och användarvänligheten hos robotfilter.

Mobile applications often must synchronize their local state with a backend to maintain an up-to-date view of the application state. Nevertheless, in some cases, the application’s ability to work offline or with poor network connectivity may be more significant than guaranteeing strong consistency. We present a method to structure the application state in a portable way using the Redux pattern and the properties of strongly typed languages. This method allows employing Conflict-free Replicated Data Types to create a custom converging state: this way, each replica can edit its local state autonomously and merge conflicts with other replicas when possible. Furthermore, we propose to keep a server as the communication channel and analyze how this architecture impacts design choices and optimizations related to CRDTs. Finally, we evaluate our method on a note-taking application using a few well-known CRDT designs and quantitatively justify our design choices., Mobilapplikationer måste ofta synkronisera lokala tillstånd med backend för att upprätthålla en uppdaterad vy av applikationstillstånd. I vissa fall kan dock applikationens förmåga att arbeta offline eller med dålig nätverksanslutning vara viktigare än att garantera strong consistency. Vi presenterar en metod för att strukturera applikationstillståndet på ett portabelt sätt med hjälp av Redux-mönstret och egenskaperna hos starkt typade språk. Den här metoden gör det möjligt att använda Conflict-free Replicated Data Types för att skapa ett anpassat konvergerande tillstånd: på så sätt kan varje replik redigera sin lokala status självständigt och slå samman konflikter med andra repliker när det är möjligt. Dessutom föreslår vi att behålla en server som kommunikationskanal och analysera hur denna arkitektur påverkar designval och optimeringar relaterade till CRDT. Slutligen utvärderar vi vår metod på en anteckningsapplikation med några välkända CRDT-designer och motiverar kvantitativt våra designval., Le applicazioni mobile spesso devono sincronizzare il loro stato locale con il back-end per mantenere una visione aggiornata dello stato dell’applicazione. Tuttavia, in alcuni casi, la capacità dell’applicazione di funzionare offline o con una scarsa connettività può essere più importante del garantire la “strong consistency”. In questa tesi presentiamo un metodo per strutturare lo stato di un’applicazione in modo portabile utilizzando il pattern Redux e le proprietà dei linguaggi fortemente tipizzati. Questo metodo consente di utilizzare i Conflict-free Replicated Data Types per creare uno stato convergente ad hoc: in questo modo, ogni replica può modificare il proprio stato locale in modo autonomo e risolvere i conflitti con le altre repliche quando possibile. Inoltre, proponiamo di mantenere un server come canale di comunicazione e di analizzare come questa architettura influisca sulle scelte progettuali e sulle ottimizzazioni relative ai CRDT. Infine, valutiamo il nostro metodo su un’applicazione per prendere appunti utilizzando alcuni CRDT noti e giustifichiamo quantitativamente le nostre scelte di progettazione.