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1. WWOX developmental and epileptic encephalopathy: Understanding the epileptology and the mortality risk

Author

Oliver, KL, Trivisano, M, Mandelstam, SA, De Dominicis, A, Francis, DI, Green, TE, Muir, AM, Chowdhary, A, Hertzberg, C, Goldhahn, K, Metreau, J, Prager, C, Pinner, J, Cardamone, M, Myers, KA, Leventer, RJ, Lesca, G, Bahlo, M, Hildebrand, MS, Mefford, HC, Kaindl, AM, Specchio, N, Scheffer, IE, Oliver, KL, Trivisano, M, Mandelstam, SA, De Dominicis, A, Francis, DI, Green, TE, Muir, AM, Chowdhary, A, Hertzberg, C, Goldhahn, K, Metreau, J, Prager, C, Pinner, J, Cardamone, M, Myers, KA, Leventer, RJ, Lesca, G, Bahlo, M, Hildebrand, MS, Mefford, HC, Kaindl, AM, Specchio, N, and Scheffer, IE

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: WWOX is an autosomal recessive cause of early infantile developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (WWOX-DEE), also known as WOREE (WWOX-related epileptic encephalopathy). We analyzed the epileptology and imaging features of WWOX-DEE, and investigated genotype-phenotype correlations, particularly with regard to survival. METHODS: We studied 13 patients from 12 families with WWOX-DEE. Information regarding seizure semiology, comorbidities, facial dysmorphisms, and disease outcome were collected. Electroencephalographic (EEG) and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were analyzed. Pathogenic WWOX variants from our cohort and the literature were coded as either null or missense, allowing individuals to be classified into one of three genotype classes: (1) null/null, (2) null/missense, (3) missense/missense. Differences in survival outcome were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: All patients experienced multiple seizure types (median onset = 5 weeks, range = 1 day-10 months), the most frequent being focal (85%), epileptic spasms (77%), and tonic seizures (69%). Ictal EEG recordings in six of 13 patients showed tonic (n = 5), myoclonic (n = 2), epileptic spasms (n = 2), focal (n = 1), and migrating focal (n = 1) seizures. Interictal EEGs demonstrated slow background activity with multifocal discharges, predominantly over frontal or temporo-occipital regions. Eleven of 13 patients had a movement disorder, most frequently dystonia. Brain MRIs revealed severe frontotemporal, hippocampal, and optic atrophy, thin corpus callosum, and white matter signal abnormalities. Pathogenic variants were located throughout WWOX and comprised both missense and null changes including five copy number variants (four deletions, one duplication). Survival analyses showed that patients with two null variants are at higher mortality risk (p-value = .0085, log-rank test). SIGNIFICANCE: Biallelic WWOX pathogenic variants cause an early infantile developmental and

Published
2023

2. Germline variants in tumor suppressor FBXW7 lead to impaired ubiquitination and a neurodevelopmental syndrome

Author

Stephenson, SEM, Costain, G, Blok, LER, Silk, MA, Nguyen, TB, Dong, X, Alhuzaimi, DE, Dowling, JJ, Walker, S, Amburgey, K, Hayeems, RZ, Rodan, LH, Schwartz, MA, Picker, J, Lynch, SA, Gupta, A, Rasmussen, KJ, Schimmenti, LA, Klee, EW, Niu, Z, Agre, KE, Chilton, I, Chung, WK, Revah-Politi, A, Au, PYB, Griffith, C, Racobaldo, M, Raas-Rothschild, A, Ben Zeev, B, Barel, O, Moutton, S, Morice-Picard, F, Carmignac, V, Cornaton, J, Marle, N, Devinsky, O, Stimach, C, Wechsler, SB, Hainline, BE, Sapp, K, Willems, M, Bruel, A, Dias, K-R, Evans, C-A, Roscioli, T, Sachdev, R, Temple, SEL, Zhu, Y, Baker, JJ, Scheffer, IE, Gardiner, FJ, Schneider, AL, Muir, AM, Mefford, HC, Crunk, A, Heise, EM, Millan, F, Monaghan, KG, Person, R, Rhodes, L, Richards, S, Wentzensen, IM, Cogne, B, Isidor, B, Nizon, M, Vincent, M, Besnard, T, Piton, A, Marcelis, C, Kato, K, Koyama, N, Ogi, T, Goh, ES-Y, Richmond, C, Amor, DJ, Boyce, JO, Morgan, AT, Hildebrand, MS, Kaspi, A, Bahlo, M, Fridriksdottir, R, Katrinardottir, H, Sulem, P, Stefansson, K, Bjornsson, HT, Mandelstam, S, Morleo, M, Mariani, M, Scala, M, Accogli, A, Torella, A, Capra, V, Wallis, M, Jansen, S, Waisfisz, Q, de Haan, H, Sadedin, S, Lim, SC, White, SM, Ascher, DB, Schenck, A, Lockhart, PJ, Christodoulou, J, Tan, TY, Stephenson, SEM, Costain, G, Blok, LER, Silk, MA, Nguyen, TB, Dong, X, Alhuzaimi, DE, Dowling, JJ, Walker, S, Amburgey, K, Hayeems, RZ, Rodan, LH, Schwartz, MA, Picker, J, Lynch, SA, Gupta, A, Rasmussen, KJ, Schimmenti, LA, Klee, EW, Niu, Z, Agre, KE, Chilton, I, Chung, WK, Revah-Politi, A, Au, PYB, Griffith, C, Racobaldo, M, Raas-Rothschild, A, Ben Zeev, B, Barel, O, Moutton, S, Morice-Picard, F, Carmignac, V, Cornaton, J, Marle, N, Devinsky, O, Stimach, C, Wechsler, SB, Hainline, BE, Sapp, K, Willems, M, Bruel, A, Dias, K-R, Evans, C-A, Roscioli, T, Sachdev, R, Temple, SEL, Zhu, Y, Baker, JJ, Scheffer, IE, Gardiner, FJ, Schneider, AL, Muir, AM, Mefford, HC, Crunk, A, Heise, EM, Millan, F, Monaghan, KG, Person, R, Rhodes, L, Richards, S, Wentzensen, IM, Cogne, B, Isidor, B, Nizon, M, Vincent, M, Besnard, T, Piton, A, Marcelis, C, Kato, K, Koyama, N, Ogi, T, Goh, ES-Y, Richmond, C, Amor, DJ, Boyce, JO, Morgan, AT, Hildebrand, MS, Kaspi, A, Bahlo, M, Fridriksdottir, R, Katrinardottir, H, Sulem, P, Stefansson, K, Bjornsson, HT, Mandelstam, S, Morleo, M, Mariani, M, Scala, M, Accogli, A, Torella, A, Capra, V, Wallis, M, Jansen, S, Waisfisz, Q, de Haan, H, Sadedin, S, Lim, SC, White, SM, Ascher, DB, Schenck, A, Lockhart, PJ, Christodoulou, J, and Tan, TY

Abstract

Neurodevelopmental disorders are highly heterogenous conditions resulting from abnormalities of brain architecture and/or function. FBXW7 (F-box and WD-repeat-domain-containing 7), a recognized developmental regulator and tumor suppressor, has been shown to regulate cell-cycle progression and cell growth and survival by targeting substrates including CYCLIN E1/2 and NOTCH for degradation via the ubiquitin proteasome system. We used a genotype-first approach and global data-sharing platforms to identify 35 individuals harboring de novo and inherited FBXW7 germline monoallelic chromosomal deletions and nonsense, frameshift, splice-site, and missense variants associated with a neurodevelopmental syndrome. The FBXW7 neurodevelopmental syndrome is distinguished by global developmental delay, borderline to severe intellectual disability, hypotonia, and gastrointestinal issues. Brain imaging detailed variable underlying structural abnormalities affecting the cerebellum, corpus collosum, and white matter. A crystal-structure model of FBXW7 predicted that missense variants were clustered at the substrate-binding surface of the WD40 domain and that these might reduce FBXW7 substrate binding affinity. Expression of recombinant FBXW7 missense variants in cultured cells demonstrated impaired CYCLIN E1 and CYCLIN E2 turnover. Pan-neuronal knockdown of the Drosophila ortholog, archipelago, impaired learning and neuronal function. Collectively, the data presented herein provide compelling evidence of an F-Box protein-related, phenotypically variable neurodevelopmental disorder associated with monoallelic variants in FBXW7.

Published
2022

3. Pathogenic MAST3 Variants in the STK Domain Are Associated with Epilepsy

Author

Spinelli, E, Christensen, KR, Bryant, E, Schneider, A, Rakotomamonjy, J, Muir, AM, Giannelli, J, Littlejohn, RO, Roeder, ER, Schmidt, B, Wilson, WG, Marco, EJ, Iwama, K, Kumada, S, Pisano, T, Barba, C, Vetro, A, Brilstra, EH, Jaarsveld, RH, Matsumoto, N, Goldberg-Stern, H, Carney, PW, Andrews, PI, El Achkar, CM, Berkovic, S, Rodan, LH, McWalter, K, Guerrini, R, Scheffer, IE, Mefford, HC, Mandelstam, S, Laux, L, Millichap, JJ, Guemez-Gamboa, A, Nairn, AC, Carvill, GL, Spinelli, E, Christensen, KR, Bryant, E, Schneider, A, Rakotomamonjy, J, Muir, AM, Giannelli, J, Littlejohn, RO, Roeder, ER, Schmidt, B, Wilson, WG, Marco, EJ, Iwama, K, Kumada, S, Pisano, T, Barba, C, Vetro, A, Brilstra, EH, Jaarsveld, RH, Matsumoto, N, Goldberg-Stern, H, Carney, PW, Andrews, PI, El Achkar, CM, Berkovic, S, Rodan, LH, McWalter, K, Guerrini, R, Scheffer, IE, Mefford, HC, Mandelstam, S, Laux, L, Millichap, JJ, Guemez-Gamboa, A, Nairn, AC, and Carvill, GL

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The MAST family of microtubule-associated serine-threonine kinases (STKs) have distinct expression patterns in the developing and mature human and mouse brain. To date, only MAST1 has been conclusively associated with neurological disease, with de novo variants in individuals with a neurodevelopmental disorder, including a mega corpus callosum. METHODS: Using exome sequencing, we identify MAST3 missense variants in individuals with epilepsy. We also assess the effect of these variants on the ability of MAST3 to phosphorylate the target gene product ARPP-16 in HEK293T cells. RESULTS: We identify de novo missense variants in the STK domain in 11 individuals, including 2 recurrent variants p.G510S (n = 5) and p.G515S (n = 3). All 11 individuals had developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, with 8 having normal development prior to seizure onset at <2 years of age. All patients developed multiple seizure types, 9 of 11 patients had seizures triggered by fever and 9 of 11 patients had drug-resistant seizures. In vitro analysis of HEK293T cells transfected with MAST3 cDNA carrying a subset of these patient-specific missense variants demonstrated variable but generally lower expression, with concomitant increased phosphorylation of the MAST3 target, ARPP-16, compared to wild-type. These findings suggest the patient-specific variants may confer MAST3 gain-of-function. Moreover, single-nuclei RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry shows that MAST3 expression is restricted to excitatory neurons in the cortex late in prenatal development and postnatally. INTERPRETATION: In summary, we describe MAST3 as a novel epilepsy-associated gene with a potential gain-of-function pathogenic mechanism that may be primarily restricted to excitatory neurons in the cortex. ANN NEUROL 2021;90:274-284.

Published
2021

4. FBXO28 causes developmental and epileptic encephalopathy with profound intellectual disability

Author

Schneider, AL, Myers, CT, Muir, AM, Calvert, S, Basinger, A, Perry, MS, Rodan, L, Helbig, KL, Chambers, C, Gorman, KM, King, MD, Donkervoort, S, Soldatos, A, Bonnemann, CG, Spataro, N, Gabau, E, Arellano, M, Cappuccio, G, Brunetti-Pierri, N, Rossignol, E, Hamdan, FF, Michaud, JL, Balak, C, Mefford, HC, Scheffer, IE, Schneider, AL, Myers, CT, Muir, AM, Calvert, S, Basinger, A, Perry, MS, Rodan, L, Helbig, KL, Chambers, C, Gorman, KM, King, MD, Donkervoort, S, Soldatos, A, Bonnemann, CG, Spataro, N, Gabau, E, Arellano, M, Cappuccio, G, Brunetti-Pierri, N, Rossignol, E, Hamdan, FF, Michaud, JL, Balak, C, Mefford, HC, and Scheffer, IE

Abstract

Chromosome 1q41-q42 deletion syndrome is a rare cause of intellectual disability, seizures, dysmorphology, and multiple anomalies. Two genes in the 1q41-q42 microdeletion, WDR26 and FBXO28, have been implicated in monogenic disease. Patients with WDR26 encephalopathy overlap clinically with those with 1q41-q42 deletion syndrome, whereas only one patient with FBXO28 encephalopathy has been described. Seizures are a prominent feature of 1q41-q42 deletion syndrome; therefore, we hypothesized that pathogenic FBXO28 variants cause developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs). We describe nine new patients with FBXO28 pathogenic variants (four missense, including one recurrent, three nonsense, and one frameshift) and analyze all 10 known cases to delineate the phenotypic spectrum. All patients had epilepsy and 9 of 10 had DEE, including infantile spasms (3) and a progressive myoclonic epilepsy (1). Median age at seizure onset was 22.5 months (range 8 months to 5 years). Nine of 10 patients had intellectual disability, which was profound in six of nine and severe in three of nine. Movement disorders occurred in eight of 10 patients, six of 10 had hypotonia, four of 10 had acquired microcephaly, and five of 10 had dysmorphic features, albeit different to those typically seen in 1q41-q42 deletion syndrome and WDR26 encephalopathy. We distinguish FBXO28 encephalopathy from both of these disorders with more severe intellectual impairment, drug-resistant epilepsy, and hyperkinetic movement disorders.

Published
2021

6. AMPA receptor GluA2 subunit defects are a cause of neurodevelopmental disorders

Author

Salpietro, V, Dixon, CL, Guo, H, Bello, OD, Vandrovcova, J, Efthymiou, S, Maroofian, R, Heimer, G, Burglen, L, Valence, S, Torti, E, Hacke, M, Rankin, J, Tariq, H, Colin, E, Procaccio, V, Striano, P, Mankad, K, Lieb, A, Chen, S, Pisani, L, Bettencourt, C, Mannikko, R, Manole, A, Brusco, A, Grosso, E, Ferrero, GB, Armstrong-Moron, J, Gueden, S, Bar-Yosef, O, Tzadok, M, Monaghan, KG, Santiago-Sim, T, Person, RE, Cho, MT, Willaert, R, Yoo, Y, Chae, J-H, Quan, Y, Wu, H, Wang, T, Bernier, RA, Xia, K, Blesson, A, Jain, M, Motazacker, MM, Jaeger, B, Schneider, AL, Boysen, K, Muir, AM, Myers, CT, Gavrilova, RH, Gunderson, L, Schultz-Rogers, L, Klee, EW, Dyment, D, Osmond, M, Parellada, M, Llorente, C, Gonzalez-Penas, J, Carracedo, A, Van Haeringen, A, Ruivenkamp, C, Nava, C, Heron, D, Nardello, R, Iacomino, M, Minetti, C, Skabar, A, Fabretto, A, Chez, M, Tsai, A, Fassi, E, Shinawi, M, Constantino, JN, De Zorzi, R, Fortuna, S, Kok, F, Keren, B, Bonneau, D, Choi, M, Benzeev, B, Zara, F, Mefford, HC, Scheffer, IE, Clayton-Smith, J, Macaya, A, Rothman, JE, Eichler, EE, Kullmann, DM, Houlden, H, Raspall-Chaure, M, Hanna, MG, Bugiardini, E, Hostettler, I, O'Callaghan, B, Khan, A, Cortese, A, O'Connor, E, Yau, WY, Bourinaris, T, Kaiyrzhanov, R, Chelban, V, Madej, M, Diana, MC, Vari, MS, Pedemonte, M, Bruno, C, Balagura, G, Scala, M, Fiorillo, C, Nobili, L, Malintan, NT, Zanetti, MN, Krishnakumar, SS, Lignani, G, Jepson, JEC, Broda, P, Baldassari, S, Rossi, P, Fruscione, F, Madia, F, Traverso, M, De-Marco, P, Perez-Duenas, B, Munell, F, Kriouile, Y, El-Khorassani, M, Karashova, B, Avdjieva, D, Kathom, H, Tincheva, R, Van-Maldergem, L, Nachbauer, W, Boesch, S, Gagliano, A, Amadori, E, Goraya, JS, Sultan, T, Kirmani, S, Ibrahim, S, Jan, F, Mine, J, Banu, S, Veggiotti, P, Zuccotti, G, Ferrari, MD, Van Den Maagdenberg, AMJ, Verrotti, A, Marseglia, GL, Savasta, S, Soler, MA, Scuderi, C, Borgione, E, Chimenz, R, Gitto, E, Dipasquale, V, Sallemi, A, Fusco, M, Cuppari, C, Cutrupi, MC, Ruggieri, M, Cama, A, Capra, V, Mencacci, NE, Boles, R, Gupta, N, Kabra, M, Papacostas, S, Zamba-Papanicolaou, E, Dardiotis, E, Maqbool, S, Rana, N, Atawneh, O, Lim, SY, Shaikh, F, Koutsis, G, Breza, M, Coviello, DA, Dauvilliers, YA, AlKhawaja, I, AlKhawaja, M, Al-Mutairi, F, Stojkovic, T, Ferrucci, V, Zollo, M, Alkuraya, FS, Kinali, M, Sherifa, H, Benrhouma, H, Turki, IBY, Tazir, M, Obeid, M, Bakhtadze, S, Saadi, NW, Zaki, MS, Triki, CC, Benfenati, F, Gustincich, S, Kara, M, Belcastro, V, Specchio, N, Capovilla, G, Karimiani, EG, Salih, AM, Okubadejo, NU, Ojo, OO, Oshinaike, OO, Oguntunde, O, Wahab, K, Bello, AH, Abubakar, S, Obiabo, Y, Nwazor, E, Ekenze, O, Williams, U, Iyagba, A, Taiwo, L, Komolafe, M, Senkevich, K, Shashkin, C, Zharkynbekova, N, Koneyev, K, Manizha, G, Isrofilov, M, Guliyeva, U, Salayev, K, Khachatryan, S, Rossi, S, Silvestri, G, Haridy, N, Ramenghi, LA, Xiromerisiou, G, David, E, Aguennouz, M, Fidani, L, Spanaki, C, Tucci, A, Salpietro, V, Dixon, CL, Guo, H, Bello, OD, Vandrovcova, J, Efthymiou, S, Maroofian, R, Heimer, G, Burglen, L, Valence, S, Torti, E, Hacke, M, Rankin, J, Tariq, H, Colin, E, Procaccio, V, Striano, P, Mankad, K, Lieb, A, Chen, S, Pisani, L, Bettencourt, C, Mannikko, R, Manole, A, Brusco, A, Grosso, E, Ferrero, GB, Armstrong-Moron, J, Gueden, S, Bar-Yosef, O, Tzadok, M, Monaghan, KG, Santiago-Sim, T, Person, RE, Cho, MT, Willaert, R, Yoo, Y, Chae, J-H, Quan, Y, Wu, H, Wang, T, Bernier, RA, Xia, K, Blesson, A, Jain, M, Motazacker, MM, Jaeger, B, Schneider, AL, Boysen, K, Muir, AM, Myers, CT, Gavrilova, RH, Gunderson, L, Schultz-Rogers, L, Klee, EW, Dyment, D, Osmond, M, Parellada, M, Llorente, C, Gonzalez-Penas, J, Carracedo, A, Van Haeringen, A, Ruivenkamp, C, Nava, C, Heron, D, Nardello, R, Iacomino, M, Minetti, C, Skabar, A, Fabretto, A, Chez, M, Tsai, A, Fassi, E, Shinawi, M, Constantino, JN, De Zorzi, R, Fortuna, S, Kok, F, Keren, B, Bonneau, D, Choi, M, Benzeev, B, Zara, F, Mefford, HC, Scheffer, IE, Clayton-Smith, J, Macaya, A, Rothman, JE, Eichler, EE, Kullmann, DM, Houlden, H, Raspall-Chaure, M, Hanna, MG, Bugiardini, E, Hostettler, I, O'Callaghan, B, Khan, A, Cortese, A, O'Connor, E, Yau, WY, Bourinaris, T, Kaiyrzhanov, R, Chelban, V, Madej, M, Diana, MC, Vari, MS, Pedemonte, M, Bruno, C, Balagura, G, Scala, M, Fiorillo, C, Nobili, L, Malintan, NT, Zanetti, MN, Krishnakumar, SS, Lignani, G, Jepson, JEC, Broda, P, Baldassari, S, Rossi, P, Fruscione, F, Madia, F, Traverso, M, De-Marco, P, Perez-Duenas, B, Munell, F, Kriouile, Y, El-Khorassani, M, Karashova, B, Avdjieva, D, Kathom, H, Tincheva, R, Van-Maldergem, L, Nachbauer, W, Boesch, S, Gagliano, A, Amadori, E, Goraya, JS, Sultan, T, Kirmani, S, Ibrahim, S, Jan, F, Mine, J, Banu, S, Veggiotti, P, Zuccotti, G, Ferrari, MD, Van Den Maagdenberg, AMJ, Verrotti, A, Marseglia, GL, Savasta, S, Soler, MA, Scuderi, C, Borgione, E, Chimenz, R, Gitto, E, Dipasquale, V, Sallemi, A, Fusco, M, Cuppari, C, Cutrupi, MC, Ruggieri, M, Cama, A, Capra, V, Mencacci, NE, Boles, R, Gupta, N, Kabra, M, Papacostas, S, Zamba-Papanicolaou, E, Dardiotis, E, Maqbool, S, Rana, N, Atawneh, O, Lim, SY, Shaikh, F, Koutsis, G, Breza, M, Coviello, DA, Dauvilliers, YA, AlKhawaja, I, AlKhawaja, M, Al-Mutairi, F, Stojkovic, T, Ferrucci, V, Zollo, M, Alkuraya, FS, Kinali, M, Sherifa, H, Benrhouma, H, Turki, IBY, Tazir, M, Obeid, M, Bakhtadze, S, Saadi, NW, Zaki, MS, Triki, CC, Benfenati, F, Gustincich, S, Kara, M, Belcastro, V, Specchio, N, Capovilla, G, Karimiani, EG, Salih, AM, Okubadejo, NU, Ojo, OO, Oshinaike, OO, Oguntunde, O, Wahab, K, Bello, AH, Abubakar, S, Obiabo, Y, Nwazor, E, Ekenze, O, Williams, U, Iyagba, A, Taiwo, L, Komolafe, M, Senkevich, K, Shashkin, C, Zharkynbekova, N, Koneyev, K, Manizha, G, Isrofilov, M, Guliyeva, U, Salayev, K, Khachatryan, S, Rossi, S, Silvestri, G, Haridy, N, Ramenghi, LA, Xiromerisiou, G, David, E, Aguennouz, M, Fidani, L, Spanaki, C, and Tucci, A

Abstract

AMPA receptors (AMPARs) are tetrameric ligand-gated channels made up of combinations of GluA1-4 subunits encoded by GRIA1-4 genes. GluA2 has an especially important role because, following post-transcriptional editing at the Q607 site, it renders heteromultimeric AMPARs Ca2+-impermeable, with a linear relationship between current and trans-membrane voltage. Here, we report heterozygous de novo GRIA2 mutations in 28 unrelated patients with intellectual disability (ID) and neurodevelopmental abnormalities including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), Rett syndrome-like features, and seizures or developmental epileptic encephalopathy (DEE). In functional expression studies, mutations lead to a decrease in agonist-evoked current mediated by mutant subunits compared to wild-type channels. When GluA2 subunits are co-expressed with GluA1, most GRIA2 mutations cause a decreased current amplitude and some also affect voltage rectification. Our results show that de-novo variants in GRIA2 can cause neurodevelopmental disorders, complementing evidence that other genetic causes of ID, ASD and DEE also disrupt glutamatergic synaptic transmission.

Published
2019

7. Disruptive mutations in TANC2 define a neurodevelopmental syndrome associated with psychiatric disorders

Author

Guo, H, Bettella, E, Marcogliese, PC, Zhao, R, Andrews, JC, Nowakowski, TJ, Gillentine, MA, Hoekzema, K, Wang, T, Wu, H, Jangam, S, Liu, C, Ni, H, Willemsen, MH, van Bon, BW, Rinne, T, Stevens, SJC, Kleefstra, T, Brunner, HG, Yntema, HG, Long, M, Zhao, W, Hu, Z, Colson, C, Richard, N, Schwartz, CE, Romano, C, Castiglia, L, Bottitta, M, Dhar, SU, Erwin, DJ, Emrick, L, Keren, B, Afenjar, A, Zhu, B, Bai, B, Stankiewicz, P, Herman, K, Mercimek-Andrews, S, Juusola, J, Wilfert, AB, Abou Jamra, R, Buettner, B, Mefford, HC, Muir, AM, Scheffer, IE, Regan, BM, Malone, S, Gecz, J, Cobben, J, Weiss, MM, Waisfisz, Q, Bijlsma, EK, Hoffer, MJ, Ruivenkamp, CAL, Sartori, S, Xia, F, Rosenfeld, JA, Bernier, RA, Wangler, MF, Yamamoto, S, Xia, K, Stegmann, APA, Bellen, HJ, Murgia, A, Eichler, EE, Nickerson, DA, Bamshad, MJ, Guo, H, Bettella, E, Marcogliese, PC, Zhao, R, Andrews, JC, Nowakowski, TJ, Gillentine, MA, Hoekzema, K, Wang, T, Wu, H, Jangam, S, Liu, C, Ni, H, Willemsen, MH, van Bon, BW, Rinne, T, Stevens, SJC, Kleefstra, T, Brunner, HG, Yntema, HG, Long, M, Zhao, W, Hu, Z, Colson, C, Richard, N, Schwartz, CE, Romano, C, Castiglia, L, Bottitta, M, Dhar, SU, Erwin, DJ, Emrick, L, Keren, B, Afenjar, A, Zhu, B, Bai, B, Stankiewicz, P, Herman, K, Mercimek-Andrews, S, Juusola, J, Wilfert, AB, Abou Jamra, R, Buettner, B, Mefford, HC, Muir, AM, Scheffer, IE, Regan, BM, Malone, S, Gecz, J, Cobben, J, Weiss, MM, Waisfisz, Q, Bijlsma, EK, Hoffer, MJ, Ruivenkamp, CAL, Sartori, S, Xia, F, Rosenfeld, JA, Bernier, RA, Wangler, MF, Yamamoto, S, Xia, K, Stegmann, APA, Bellen, HJ, Murgia, A, Eichler, EE, Nickerson, DA, and Bamshad, MJ

Abstract

Postsynaptic density (PSD) proteins have been implicated in the pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental and psychiatric disorders. Here, we present detailed clinical and genetic data for 20 patients with likely gene-disrupting mutations in TANC2-whose protein product interacts with multiple PSD proteins. Pediatric patients with disruptive mutations present with autism, intellectual disability, and delayed language and motor development. In addition to a variable degree of epilepsy and facial dysmorphism, we observe a pattern of more complex psychiatric dysfunction or behavioral problems in adult probands or carrier parents. Although this observation requires replication to establish statistical significance, it also suggests that mutations in this gene are associated with a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders consistent with its postsynaptic function. We find that TANC2 is expressed broadly in the human developing brain, especially in excitatory neurons and glial cells, but shows a more restricted pattern in Drosophila glial cells where its disruption affects behavioral outcomes.

Published
2019

8. GRIN2B encephalopathy: Novel findings on phenotype, variant clustering, functional consequences and treatment aspects

Author

Platzer, K, Yuan, H, Schütz, H, Winschel, A, Chen, W, Hu, C, Kusumoto, H, Heyne, HO, Helbig, KL, Tang, S, Willing, MC, Tinkle, BT, Adams, DJ, Depienne, C, Keren, B, Mignot, C, Frengen, E, Strømme, P, Biskup, S, Döcker, D, Strom, TM, Mefford, HC, Myers, CT, Muir, AM, LaCroix, A, Sadleir, L, Scheffer, IE, Brilstra, E, van Haelst, MM, van der Smagt, JJ, Bok, LA, Møller, RS, Jensen, UB, Millichap, JJ, Berg, AT, Goldberg, EM, De Bie, I, Fox, S, Major, P, Jones, JR, Zackai, EH, Abou Jamra, R, Rolfs, A, Leventer, RJ, Lawson, JA, Roscioli, T, Jansen, FE, Ranza, E, Korff, CM, Lehesjoki, AE, Courage, C, Linnankivi, T, Smith, DR, Stanley, C, Mintz, M, McKnight, D, Decker, A, Tan, WH, Tarnopolsky, MA, Brady, LI, Wolff, M, Dondit, L, Pedro, HF, Parisotto, SE, Jones, KL, Patel, AD, Franz, DN, Vanzo, R, Marco, E, Ranells, JD, Di Donato, N, Dobyns, WB, Laube, B, Traynelis, SF, Lemke, JR, Platzer, K, Yuan, H, Schütz, H, Winschel, A, Chen, W, Hu, C, Kusumoto, H, Heyne, HO, Helbig, KL, Tang, S, Willing, MC, Tinkle, BT, Adams, DJ, Depienne, C, Keren, B, Mignot, C, Frengen, E, Strømme, P, Biskup, S, Döcker, D, Strom, TM, Mefford, HC, Myers, CT, Muir, AM, LaCroix, A, Sadleir, L, Scheffer, IE, Brilstra, E, van Haelst, MM, van der Smagt, JJ, Bok, LA, Møller, RS, Jensen, UB, Millichap, JJ, Berg, AT, Goldberg, EM, De Bie, I, Fox, S, Major, P, Jones, JR, Zackai, EH, Abou Jamra, R, Rolfs, A, Leventer, RJ, Lawson, JA, Roscioli, T, Jansen, FE, Ranza, E, Korff, CM, Lehesjoki, AE, Courage, C, Linnankivi, T, Smith, DR, Stanley, C, Mintz, M, McKnight, D, Decker, A, Tan, WH, Tarnopolsky, MA, Brady, LI, Wolff, M, Dondit, L, Pedro, HF, Parisotto, SE, Jones, KL, Patel, AD, Franz, DN, Vanzo, R, Marco, E, Ranells, JD, Di Donato, N, Dobyns, WB, Laube, B, Traynelis, SF, and Lemke, JR

Abstract

Background: We aimed for a comprehensive delineation of genetic, functional and phenotypic aspects of GRIN2B encephalopathy and explored potential prospects of personalised medicine. Methods: Data of 48 individuals with de novo GRIN2B variants were collected from several diagnostic and research cohorts, as well as from 43 patients from the literature. Functional consequences and response to memantine treatment were investigated in vitro and eventually translated into patient care. Results: Overall, de novo variants in 86 patients were classified as pathogenic/likely pathogenic. Patients presented with neurodevelopmental disorders and a spectrum of hypotonia, movement disorder, cortical visual impairment, cerebral volume loss and epilepsy. Six patients presented with a consistent malformation of cortical development (MCD) intermediate between tubulinopathies and polymicrogyria. Missense variants cluster in transmembrane segments and ligand-binding sites. Functional consequences of variants were diverse, revealing various potential gain-of-function and loss-of-function mechanisms and a retained sensitivity to the use-dependent blocker memantine. However, an objectifiable beneficial treatment response in the respective patients still remains to be demonstrated. Conclusions: In addition to previously known features of intellectual disability, epilepsy and autism, we found evidence that GRIN2B encephalopathy is also frequently associated with movement disorder, cortical visual impairment and MCD revealing novel phenotypic consequences of channelopathies.

Published
2017

9. Reproductive trajectories over decadal time-spans after fire for eight obligate-seeder shrub species in south-eastern Australia

Author

Muir, AM, Vesk, PA, Hepworth, G, Muir, AM, Vesk, PA, and Hepworth, G

Abstract

Intervals between fires are critical for the persistence of obligate-seeding shrubs, and are often used in planning fires for fuel reduction and biodiversity conservation in fire-prone ecosystems worldwide. Yet information about the trajectories of reproductive performance for such species is limited and information is often qualitative. To test existing assumptions about reproductive maturity periods for eight obligate-seeding shrubs (with both canopy and soil seedbanks) in foothill forests of south-eastern Australia, we used a chronosequence approach, with sites from 2 years to >40 years post-fire. Quantitative measurements of flowering and fruiting were used to fit models of reproductive response in relation to time-since-fire for each species. Inferred reproductive maturity for each species, based on modelled times to reach 80% of maximum flower production, varied from 5 to 18 years post-fire. For a subset of three species, models predicted 80% maximum seed production occurring 1–7 years later than flowering. Our results confirmed or extended assumptions about post-fire reproductive maturity for these species, and provided a basis for improved incorporation of plant life-history in ecological fire planning. We infer that increased fire frequency makes one of our study taxa, Banksia spinulosa var. cunninghamii (Sieber ex Rchb.) A.S.George, vulnerable to decline because of its long reproductive maturity period and serotinous seed storage.

Published
2014

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