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Sustainable forest management approaches, regardless of whether they involve continuous cover forestry (CCF) or rotation forestry (RF), require a holistic landscape perspective that acknowledges the multiple interests, values, and uses that depend on the locally relevant economic, ecological, and socio-cultural circumstances. These must be considered alongside the use of forests and forest landscapes as a resource for rural development. Forests provide a wide range of goods and services. Those addressed here (i.e. tourism, recreation, health, grazing, non-timber forest products, and societal protection from natural hazards) are a subset of all of those potential services that are already considered to be of special significance for the Nordic region. Most recreational users consider variation in the forest landscape and long-distance views as visually attractive but think that clearcuttings and soil tilling are harmful. In general, CCF favours bilberries, while lingonberries and some mushrooms benefit from even-aged forestry. Owing to the many and varied demands relating to forests and forest landscapes in Norway, Sweden, and Finland, CCF-supported multiple-use strategies and planning will need to consider stakeholder requirements more, now and in the future, than is currently the case.

Sustainable forest management approaches, regardless of whether they involve continuous cover forestry (CCF) or rotation forestry (RF), require a holistic landscape perspective that acknowledges the multiple interests, values, and uses that depend on the locally relevant economic, ecological, and socio-cultural circumstances. These must be considered alongside the use of forests and forest landscapes as a resource for rural development. Forests provide a wide range of goods and services. Those addressed here (i.e. tourism, recreation, health, grazing, non-timber forest products, and societal protection from natural hazards) are a subset of all of those potential services that are already considered to be of special significance for the Nordic region. Most recreational users consider variation in the forest landscape and long-distance views as visually attractive but think that clearcuttings and soil tilling are harmful. In general, CCF favours bilberries, while lingonberries and some mushrooms benefit from even-aged forestry. Owing to the many and varied demands relating to forests and forest landscapes in Norway, Sweden, and Finland, CCF-supported multiple-use strategies and planning will need to consider stakeholder requirements more, now and in the future, than is currently the case.

Since the 1950s, more than 200 000 km of roads have been built in Sweden’s forests, making them easily accessible and open to multiple uses. The aim of this study was to review the impacts of forest roads in Sweden from a broad perspective encompassing social, ecological, and environmental factors. The Swedish case is interesting because it has an extensive network of permanent forest roads which were built primarily for forestry-related transportation but are currently used by many other stakeholders for many different purposes. Forest roads not only facilitate transportation of wood, machinery, personnel, and equipment into and out of the forest but also enable emergency response to wildfires and support berry and mushroom picking, hunting, recreation, tourism, and access to second homes. The roads increase the opportunities for members of the public to experience forests in various ways. Conflicts arise when different interests collide, for example when the interests of the forest owner clash with those of commercial berry-picking companies, tourism entrepreneurs, or reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.) herding. Forest roads may have ecological impacts such as barrier and disturbance effects, fragmentation or loss of habitats, altering fauna movement patterns, and changing the composition of plant and insect species. The environmental impacts of forest roads relate to, among other things, hydrology, water quality, and erosion. Predicted changes in the climate are likely to place new demands on Swedish forest roads but, despite their extent, this review shows that there is only a small amount of rather fragmented research on their social, ecological, and environmental consequences. Overall, few studies appear to cover both social and ecological/environmental factors and their interactions, either in Sweden or elsewhere. This review provides examples of such interactions in the case of Sweden, and suggests that more research into these and the specific social, ecologica

En aquest article es presenten els resultats d’una recerca de camp sobre les infanteses rurals que va tindre com a objectiu comparar dos moments relacionats amb la pandèmia en l’aprenentatge en xiquets i xiquetes d’una localitat del centre de Mèxic. L’abordatge es va fer des de la geografia de les infàncies, per la qual cosa es va posar en pràctica una metodologia de tall horitzontal amb un grup de quart any d’educació bàsica. L’estratègia va ser l’elaboració d’una activitat durant el seu horari de classes dividida en tres moments: la lectura d’un conte, un grup focal i la realització d’un dibuix comparatiu. Aquest treball apunta a qüestionar criteris de vulnerabilitat en l’aprenentatge de les infanteses rurals, com ara la falta de tecnologies i les mancances econòmiques, perquè és possible que aquests no aconseguisquen captar tots els tipus d’aprenentatges i habilitats desenvolupades com a efecte de les crisis, especialment per als qui viuen en els espais rurals., This article presents the results of research with children in rural areas in a small town in central Mexico. It aimed to compare pandemic and post-pandemic periods, and understand how both circumstances affected their learning process. The research took an approach based on the geography of childhood and applied a horizontal methodology with a small group of children in the fourth year of basic education. The strategy implemented during their class hours consisted of three activities: reading a story, a focus group and making a comparative drawing. The research led to some conclusions that question the criteria of vulnerability in the learning process, such as the lack of technologies and economic deficiencies, since these criteria may not be able to capture all types of learning and skills developed during and after the crisis, especially for children living in rural areas, En este artículo se presentan los resultados de una investigación de campo sobre las niñeces rurales que tuvo como objetivo comparar dos momentos relacionados con la pandemia en el aprendizaje en niños y niñas de una localidad del centro de México. El abordaje se hizo desde la geografía de las infancias, por lo cual se puso en práctica una metodología de corte horizontal con un grupo de cuarto año de educación básica. La estrategia fue la elaboración de una actividad durante su horario de clases dividida en tres momentos: la lectura de un cuento, un grupo focal y la realización de un dibujo comparativo. Este trabajo apunta a cuestionar criterios de vulnerabilidad en el aprendizaje de las niñeces rurales, como la falta de tecnologías y las carencias económicas, pues es posible que estos no logren captar todos los tipos de aprendizajes y habilidades desarrolladas como efecto de las crisis, especialmente para quienes viven en los espacios rurales

Salt Lake County's cultural industry, which includes the design, education, entertainment, fashion, film, humanities, and traditional arts sectors, generated $7.7 billion in output (direct spending) and supported an estimated 32,737 Salt Lake County jobs in 2022.

The investigative pedagogical practice (IPP) develops different aspects related to the exercise of the profession, self-care practice, confidence, closeness, and institutional validation. The objective of this scientific article is to analyze the Investigative Pedagogical Practice of the Physical Education, Recreation, and Sports Program at the University of Córdoba, Colombia. This research consists of three stages. Emerging systematic review of the IPP literature (Stage 1). Interdisciplinary review of the IPP in three key disciplines (Physical education, recreation, and sports) (Stage 2), for which the bibliometric software VosViewer was used. The research diagnosis was carried out through a structured questionnaire to the 41 students of the Physical Education, Recreation, and Sports Program at the University of Córdoba, Colombia, the total population related to the Systematization of the investigative pedagogical practice (SIPP) as they are 10th-semester students, and from the content of this subject, all the practice of the 8 semesters must be systematized and consolidated (Stage 3), for the information processing, the software SPSS 28.0 was used. Starting from a Cronbach's alpha equal to 0.90, the results obtained demonstrated the need for the systematization of investigative pedagogical practices in physical education to correspond to the learning needs, oriented towards physical education at different levels of teaching, recreation, sports, and sports management as a transversal axis., La práctica pedagógica investigativa (PPI) desarrolla diferentes aspectos relacionados con el ejercicio de la profesión, la práctica de autocuidado, la confianza, cercanía y la validación institucional. El objetivo de este artículo científico es analizar la Práctica Pedagógica Investigativa del Programa de Educación Física, Recreación y Deportes de la Universidad de Córdoba. Colombia. Esta investigación consta de tres etapas. Revisión sistemática emergente de la literatura de PPI (Etapa 1). Revisión interdisciplinaria de la PPI en tres disciplinas clave (Educación física, recreación y deportes) (Etapa 2), para esto se utilizó el software bibliométrico VosViewer. El diagnóstico de la investigación se realizó a través de un cuestionario estructurado a los 41 estudiantes del Programa de Educación física, Recreación y Deportes de la Universidad de Córdoba, Colombia, población total relacionada con la Sistematización de la práctica pedagógica investigativa (SPPI) ya que son los estudiantes de 10mo semestre, y que desde el contenido de esta asignatura se debe sistematizar y consolidar toda la práctica de los 8 semestres (Etapa 3), para el procesamiento de la información se utilizó el software SPSS 28.0. A partir de un alfa de Cronbach igual a 0.90, los resultados obtenidos demostraron la necesidad de que la sistematización de las prácticas pedagógicas investigativas en educación física se correspondan con las necesidades de aprendizaje, orientadas hacia la educación física en los diferentes niveles de enseñanza, la recreación, el deporte y la administración deportiva como eje transversal.

En aquest article es presenten els resultats d’una recerca de camp sobre les infanteses rurals que va tindre com a objectiu comparar dos moments relacionats amb la pandèmia en l’aprenentatge en xiquets i xiquetes d’una localitat del centre de Mèxic. L’abordatge es va fer des de la geografia de les infàncies, per la qual cosa es va posar en pràctica una metodologia de tall horitzontal amb un grup de quart any d’educació bàsica. L’estratègia va ser l’elaboració d’una activitat durant el seu horari de classes dividida en tres moments: la lectura d’un conte, un grup focal i la realització d’un dibuix comparatiu. Aquest treball apunta a qüestionar criteris de vulnerabilitat en l’aprenentatge de les infanteses rurals, com ara la falta de tecnologies i les mancances econòmiques, perquè és possible que aquests no aconseguisquen captar tots els tipus d’aprenentatges i habilitats desenvolupades com a efecte de les crisis, especialment per als qui viuen en els espais rurals., This article presents the results of research with children in rural areas in a small town in central Mexico. It aimed to compare pandemic and post-pandemic periods, and understand how both circumstances affected their learning process. The research took an approach based on the geography of childhood and applied a horizontal methodology with a small group of children in the fourth year of basic education. The strategy implemented during their class hours consisted of three activities: reading a story, a focus group and making a comparative drawing. The research led to some conclusions that question the criteria of vulnerability in the learning process, such as the lack of technologies and economic deficiencies, since these criteria may not be able to capture all types of learning and skills developed during and after the crisis, especially for children living in rural areas, En este artículo se presentan los resultados de una investigación de campo sobre las niñeces rurales que tuvo como objetivo comparar dos momentos relacionados con la pandemia en el aprendizaje en niños y niñas de una localidad del centro de México. El abordaje se hizo desde la geografía de las infancias, por lo cual se puso en práctica una metodología de corte horizontal con un grupo de cuarto año de educación básica. La estrategia fue la elaboración de una actividad durante su horario de clases dividida en tres momentos: la lectura de un cuento, un grupo focal y la realización de un dibujo comparativo. Este trabajo apunta a cuestionar criterios de vulnerabilidad en el aprendizaje de las niñeces rurales, como la falta de tecnologías y las carencias económicas, pues es posible que estos no logren captar todos los tipos de aprendizajes y habilidades desarrolladas como efecto de las crisis, especialmente para quienes viven en los espacios rurales

Since the 1950s, more than 200 000 km of roads have been built in Sweden’s forests, making them easily accessible and open to multiple uses. The aim of this study was to review the impacts of forest roads in Sweden from a broad perspective encompassing social, ecological, and environmental factors. The Swedish case is interesting because it has an extensive network of permanent forest roads which were built primarily for forestry-related transportation but are currently used by many other stakeholders for many different purposes. Forest roads not only facilitate transportation of wood, machinery, personnel, and equipment into and out of the forest but also enable emergency response to wildfires and support berry and mushroom picking, hunting, recreation, tourism, and access to second homes. The roads increase the opportunities for members of the public to experience forests in various ways. Conflicts arise when different interests collide, for example when the interests of the forest owner clash with those of commercial berry-picking companies, tourism entrepreneurs, or reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.) herding. Forest roads may have ecological impacts such as barrier and disturbance effects, fragmentation or loss of habitats, altering fauna movement patterns, and changing the composition of plant and insect species. The environmental impacts of forest roads relate to, among other things, hydrology, water quality, and erosion. Predicted changes in the climate are likely to place new demands on Swedish forest roads but, despite their extent, this review shows that there is only a small amount of rather fragmented research on their social, ecological, and environmental consequences. Overall, few studies appear to cover both social and ecological/environmental factors and their interactions, either in Sweden or elsewhere. This review provides examples of such interactions in the case of Sweden, and suggests that more research into these and the specific social, ecologica

The 2020-2021 COVID-19 pandemic has had a tremendous impact on the daily lives of everyone, including local communities and entire societies. Under the influence of this new experience, the importance of the services and benefits provided by forests and other green spaces has increased. A very large role in this aspect was played by media messages promoting the idea of being close to nature as a remedy for malaise and stress, and pushing the thesis that the risk of spreading the virus outdoors is lower than it is indoors. Thanks to media messages, as well as government responses (i.e., lockdown, temporary bans on entering the forest), public attention has been directed toward forests, generating greater interest in forest management and conservation issues, as well as in nature and forestry education. The purpose of our research was to determine how the pandemic affected the frequency of visits to the forest and how it changed the public's views on the role of forests. The research material consists of the results of a questionnaire survey (online and traditionally way) carried out in Poland from September to October in 2020. A total of 1402 people were surveyed. The results show that nearly 52% of respondents increased their use of forest recreational services during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also found that more than 80% of respondents agreed with statements that the forest is a safer space than, for example, parks or squares, and it is more difficult to contract the virus there. Men were more likely to agree with this statement than women (1.51), respondents without children (1.45), respondents over the age of 31 (1.72), and respondents with more than primary or secondary education (1.37). Also, more than 80% of respondents said that the social functions of the forest (e.g., recreational) had gained importance as a result of the pandemic. The social functions of the forest gained importance primarily among respondents with higher education (2.40), and among respo, info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

The species composition, structure and ecological properties of the dendroflora of the recreational and health forests of the city of Lviv were studied based on the results of the analysis of forest management materials and field survey, using the example of the plantations of Bryukhovychi Forestry, as one of the well-known objects of recreational forest use, among which the forests of green zones around settlements prevail. In the course of the research, 44 tree plants were discovered and identified on the territory of the Bryukhovytsia Forestry, among them 12 taxa are introduced species, which in percentage terms is 27 %, which indicates the ancient influence of man on the environment. In the dendroflora, the dominant are the representatives of dicots, which are represented by 40 species, 27 genera and 15 families, among conifers there are 4 species, 3 genera and one family. In the dendroflora, the dominant are trees, which are represented by 32 taxa, or 72.7 %, shrubs are represented by 8 taxa, which is 18.1 %, and a bush or tree represents 4 taxa, or 9.0 %. The dominant species of the floristic cenotype is forest-shrub – 38 taxa, or 88.36 %, 4 taxa belong to the segetal type, which is 9.0 %, the share of agro-ruderal is represented by 2 taxa or 4.55 % of the total number. In the structure of trophomorphs of the dendroflora of forestry, mesotrophs prevail – 22 taxa, or 50.00 %, the share of eutrophs is 20 taxa – 44.45 %, and oligotrophs include 2 taxa or 4.55 % of the total number, which indicates the diversity of forest vegetation conditions. The structure of the heliomorphs of the dendroflora of forestry is represented in the majority by photophiles, of which heliophytes include 19 taxa, or 43.18 %, and facultative heliophytes – 23 taxa, 52.27 %. And only 2 taxa, or 4.76 %, are shade-tolerant species (dwarf spruce and European spruce). The spread of seed primordia of forestry dendroflora occurs mainly with the help of wind – 22 taxa, 39.29 %, with the help of a

This thesis examines the social construction of the disabled body in recreational wilderness space. A political ecology framework guides the research questions: What are the actual or perceived barriers to participation for differently abled hikers in wilderness recreational spaces, and how do these challenges manifest in long-distance hiking spaces? In situating Foucault’s theories of the body as shaped by power relations, this thesis asserts wilderness spaces to be privileged based on power conceptualized in normative notions of ability. 44 participants who self-identified as wilderness recreationalists with a disability and/or chronic health illness completed this study’s mixed-method questionnaire. Themes around practices, values, motivations, adaptations, and barriers to participation emerged. I used principles of eco corporeality to interrogate access to wilderness spaces as socially constructed fallacies which strategically exclude disabled and chronically ill recreationalists. This thesis finds that disabled hikers subvert the social construction of normative bodies in wilderness, and will challenge health, physical, cultural, and social barriers of participation to negotiate and secure greater access to self-determination and ecological fulfillment.

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to examine the thoughts, attitudes, experiences, and beliefs of parents of at-risk youth participating in inner-city neighborhood programs regarding the use of fitness, sports, and cultural arts in recreation to attain emotion regulation. The self-determination theory, developed by Ryan and Deci (2017), guided this study. The theory is based on the principle that individuals possess the ability to think logically, manage their emotions, and judge optimistically. The central research question for this case was How do parents view involvement in recreation for at-risk youth as it pertains to emotional development? The study design was qualitative phenomenological, and the study site and participants were selected by the process of purposive sampling. Data was collected from a researcher-created demographic survey (Appendix C) and interview protocol. The demographic survey was used to ensure that the criteria established for selection was met. The interview was the primary instrument analyzed to aid in answering the central research question and sub-research questions.

The 2020-2021 COVID-19 pandemic has had a tremendous impact on the daily lives of everyone, including local communities and entire societies. Under the influence of this new experience, the importance of the services and benefits provided by forests and other green spaces has increased. A very large role in this aspect was played by media messages promoting the idea of being close to nature as a remedy for malaise and stress, and pushing the thesis that the risk of spreading the virus outdoors is lower than it is indoors. Thanks to media messages, as well as government responses (i.e., lockdown, temporary bans on entering the forest), public attention has been directed toward forests, generating greater interest in forest management and conservation issues, as well as in nature and forestry education. The purpose of our research was to determine how the pandemic affected the frequency of visits to the forest and how it changed the public's views on the role of forests. The research material consists of the results of a questionnaire survey (online and traditionally way) carried out in Poland from September to October in 2020. A total of 1402 people were surveyed. The results show that nearly 52% of respondents increased their use of forest recreational services during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also found that more than 80% of respondents agreed with statements that the forest is a safer space than, for example, parks or squares, and it is more difficult to contract the virus there. Men were more likely to agree with this statement than women (1.51), respondents without children (1.45), respondents over the age of 31 (1.72), and respondents with more than primary or secondary education (1.37). Also, more than 80% of respondents said that the social functions of the forest (e.g., recreational) had gained importance as a result of the pandemic. The social functions of the forest gained importance primarily among respondents with higher education (2.40), and among respo, info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

Since the 1950s, more than 200 000 km of roads have been built in Sweden’s forests, making them easily accessible and open to multiple uses. The aim of this study was to review the impacts of forest roads in Sweden from a broad perspective encompassing social, ecological, and environmental factors. The Swedish case is interesting because it has an extensive network of permanent forest roads which were built primarily for forestry-related transportation but are currently used by many other stakeholders for many different purposes. Forest roads not only facilitate transportation of wood, machinery, personnel, and equipment into and out of the forest but also enable emergency response to wildfires and support berry and mushroom picking, hunting, recreation, tourism, and access to second homes. The roads increase the opportunities for members of the public to experience forests in various ways. Conflicts arise when different interests collide, for example when the interests of the forest owner clash with those of commercial berry-picking companies, tourism entrepreneurs, or reindeer (Rangifer tarandus L.) herding. Forest roads may have ecological impacts such as barrier and disturbance effects, fragmentation or loss of habitats, altering fauna movement patterns, and changing the composition of plant and insect species. The environmental impacts of forest roads relate to, among other things, hydrology, water quality, and erosion. Predicted changes in the climate are likely to place new demands on Swedish forest roads but, despite their extent, this review shows that there is only a small amount of rather fragmented research on their social, ecological, and environmental consequences. Overall, few studies appear to cover both social and ecological/environmental factors and their interactions, either in Sweden or elsewhere. This review provides examples of such interactions in the case of Sweden, and suggests that more research into these and the specific social, ecologica

The species composition, structure and ecological properties of the dendroflora of the recreational and health forests of the city of Lviv were studied based on the results of the analysis of forest management materials and field survey, using the example of the plantations of Bryukhovychi Forestry, as one of the well-known objects of recreational forest use, among which the forests of green zones around settlements prevail. In the course of the research, 44 tree plants were discovered and identified on the territory of the Bryukhovytsia Forestry, among them 12 taxa are introduced species, which in percentage terms is 27 %, which indicates the ancient influence of man on the environment. In the dendroflora, the dominant are the representatives of dicots, which are represented by 40 species, 27 genera and 15 families, among conifers there are 4 species, 3 genera and one family. In the dendroflora, the dominant are trees, which are represented by 32 taxa, or 72.7 %, shrubs are represented by 8 taxa, which is 18.1 %, and a bush or tree represents 4 taxa, or 9.0 %. The dominant species of the floristic cenotype is forest-shrub – 38 taxa, or 88.36 %, 4 taxa belong to the segetal type, which is 9.0 %, the share of agro-ruderal is represented by 2 taxa or 4.55 % of the total number. In the structure of trophomorphs of the dendroflora of forestry, mesotrophs prevail – 22 taxa, or 50.00 %, the share of eutrophs is 20 taxa – 44.45 %, and oligotrophs include 2 taxa or 4.55 % of the total number, which indicates the diversity of forest vegetation conditions. The structure of the heliomorphs of the dendroflora of forestry is represented in the majority by photophiles, of which heliophytes include 19 taxa, or 43.18 %, and facultative heliophytes – 23 taxa, 52.27 %. And only 2 taxa, or 4.76 %, are shade-tolerant species (dwarf spruce and European spruce). The spread of seed primordia of forestry dendroflora occurs mainly with the help of wind – 22 taxa, 39.29 %, with the help of a

Accessible tourism emerges as an essential component in the global tourism industry by promoting inclusion and equality, allowing all people, regardless of their physical or psychological abilities, to enjoy the attractions and tourism services of a destination. Implementation is not only a social responsibility, but also a strategy to broaden the audience and respond to unmet demands. The objective of the research was to analyze the perception on the development of accessible tourism in order to suggest integral and participative actions for tourism inclusion and socioeconomic dynamization of the Lago Agrio canton, Sucumbios province. Descriptive and exploratory research was used to analyze the knowledge and incidence of accessible tourism, inclusive tourism or tourism for all in the field of action. Data collection was carried out through a survey that was applied to a convenience sample of 100 people from the canton. It was determined that Ecuador supports the promotion of accessible tourism as a form of tourism inclusion and as an opportunity for socio-economic development. Although there is a growing interest in accessible tourism in Ecuador, numerous challenges related to infrastructure and services persist. It is concluded that the inhabitants of the Lago Agrio canton are aware of the inclusion of persons with disabilities in tourism activities., El turismo accesible emerge como un componente esencial en la industria turística global al promover la inclusión y la igualdad, permitiendo que todas las personas, independientemente de sus capacidades físicas o psicológicas, disfruten de las atracciones y servicios turísticos de un destino. La implementación no solo es una responsabilidad social, sino también, una estrategia para ampliar la audiencia y responder a las demandas que no son atendidas. Se planteó como objetivo de la investigación: Analizar la percepción sobre el desarrollo del turismo accesible para sugerir acciones integrales y participativas en pos de la inclusión turística y dinamización socio económica del cantón de Lago Agrio, provincia Sucumbíos. Se empleó la investigación descriptiva y exploratoria para analizar el conocimiento e incidencia del turismo accesible, turismo inclusivo o turismo para todos en el campo de acción. La recolección de los datos se llevó a cabo mediante una encuesta que fue aplicada a una muestra por conveniencia de 100 personas del cantón. Se determinó que el Ecuador ampara promover el turismo accesible como una forma de inclusión turística, y como una oportunidad de desarrollo socio - económico. Aunque existe un creciente interés en el turismo accesible en Ecuador, persisten numerosos desafíos relacionados con la infraestructura y los servicios. Se concluye que los habitantes del cantón Lago Agrio poseen concientos de la inclusuón de las personas con discapacidad en las actividad relacionadas con el turismo y su imporntacia social y económica.

Comprehensive early childhood care covers all the essential aspects related to the special conditions that facilitate the enjoyment and guarantee the quality of life of this population. Among these aspects, food and nutrition are fundamental components for the development of boys and girls at this stage, ensuring that their specific needs are met. Food and nutrition that meets the established requirements is considered an essential element of the comprehensive care that must be provided at this initial stage of life. The objective of this initiative is to determine the nutritional and nutritional status of practitioners of recreational and sports activities through a descriptive study with a qualitative approach. The training project on the influence of food and nutrition on the comprehensive development of 78 boys and girls in early childhood, together with the educational plan implemented in the Nelson Mandela neighborhood of the Cartagena district, constitutes an important guiding document. This generates essential and relevant actions that facilitate the training of parents in managing the issue. To this end, active teaching methods are implemented that encourage the practice of habits that guarantee food and nutritional security in boys and girls from zero to six years of age. The methodological stages developed in the implementation of this training project and educational plan are crucial to achieve the proposed objectives and improve the quality of life of early childhood in the target community., La atención integral a la primera infancia abarca todos los aspectos esenciales relacionados con las condiciones especiales que facilitan el goce y garantizan la calidad de vida de esta población. Entre estos aspectos, la alimentación y la nutrición son componentes fundamentales para el desarrollo de los niños y niñas en esta etapa, asegurando que se atiendan sus necesidades específicas. Una alimentación y nutrición que responda a los requerimientos establecidos se considera un elemento esencial de la atención integral que debe brindarse en esta etapa inicial de la vida. El objetivo de esta iniciativa es determinar la condición alimenticia y nutricional de practicantes de actividades recreativas y deportivas a través de un estudio descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo. El proyecto formativo sobre la influencia de la alimentación y la nutrición en el desarrollo integral de 78 niños y niñas en primera infancia, junto con el plan educativo implementado en el barrio Nelson Mandela del distrito de Cartagena, constituye un documento orientador importante. Este genera acciones esenciales y pertinentes que facilitan la formación de los padres en el manejo de la temática. Para tal fin, se ejecutan métodos de enseñanza activos que fomentan la práctica de hábitos que garanticen la seguridad alimentaria y nutricional en los niños y niñas de cero a seis años de edad. Las etapas metodológicas desarrolladas en la implementación de este proyecto formativo y plan educativo son cruciales para lograr los objetivos propuestos y mejorar la calidad de vida de la primera infancia en la comunidad objetivo.

The 2020-2021 COVID-19 pandemic has had a tremendous impact on the daily lives of everyone, including local communities and entire societies. Under the influence of this new experience, the importance of the services and benefits provided by forests and other green spaces has increased. A very large role in this aspect was played by media messages promoting the idea of being close to nature as a remedy for malaise and stress, and pushing the thesis that the risk of spreading the virus outdoors is lower than it is indoors. Thanks to media messages, as well as government responses (i.e., lockdown, temporary bans on entering the forest), public attention has been directed toward forests, generating greater interest in forest management and conservation issues, as well as in nature and forestry education. The purpose of our research was to determine how the pandemic affected the frequency of visits to the forest and how it changed the public's views on the role of forests. The research material consists of the results of a questionnaire survey (online and traditionally way) carried out in Poland from September to October in 2020. A total of 1402 people were surveyed. The results show that nearly 52% of respondents increased their use of forest recreational services during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also found that more than 80% of respondents agreed with statements that the forest is a safer space than, for example, parks or squares, and it is more difficult to contract the virus there. Men were more likely to agree with this statement than women (1.51), respondents without children (1.45), respondents over the age of 31 (1.72), and respondents with more than primary or secondary education (1.37). Also, more than 80% of respondents said that the social functions of the forest (e.g., recreational) had gained importance as a result of the pandemic. The social functions of the forest gained importance primarily among respondents with higher education (2.40), and among respo, info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess

Throughout the pandemic, Virginia Tech Recreational Sports operations were adapted in compliance with federal, state, and local guideline to ensure the safety of the students it serves as a department. Operational adjustments that were made included closures, limited capacities, and virtual programming to name a few. Participation rates in all areas of Virginia Tech Recreational Sports naturally saw a significant decrease during the pandemic due to these restrictions. This project investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on student engagement in campus recreation, or recreational sports, programs at Virginia Tech with a focus on facility gym swipes, group exercise attendance, and intramural sports involvement spanning three distinct time periods: pre-COVID (T1), during COVID (T2), and post-COVID (T3). Virginia Tech Recreational Sports data uploaded to Virginia Tech’s University Data Commons was used to analyze engagement numbers for students at the undergraduate and graduate level across various demographics including academic college, race/ethnicity, and gender. Statistical tests for significance were not able to be completed with the data in this study alone, so the results were only interpreted qualitatively. This study indicates that there has been a gradual return to pre-COVID engagement and participation levels in all areas of Virginia Tech Recreational Sports, but the return has been varied across each area. Intramurals appears to have higher involvement post-COVID than pre-COVID, whereas gym swipes and group exercise participation numbers have not returned to pre-COVID levels for most demographics. Return to pre-COVID participation levels varies between academic colleges, race/ethnicity, and gender for all areas. Research plays an integral role in informing decisions and developing strategies that will shape the future of campus recreation. Understanding how student engagement has evolved as a result of the pandemic can guide programmers within Virgi

Accessible tourism emerges as an essential component in the global tourism industry by promoting inclusion and equality, allowing all people, regardless of their physical or psychological abilities, to enjoy the attractions and tourism services of a destination. Implementation is not only a social responsibility, but also a strategy to broaden the audience and respond to unmet demands. The objective of the research was to analyze the perception on the development of accessible tourism in order to suggest integral and participative actions for tourism inclusion and socioeconomic dynamization of the Lago Agrio canton, Sucumbios province. Descriptive and exploratory research was used to analyze the knowledge and incidence of accessible tourism, inclusive tourism or tourism for all in the field of action. Data collection was carried out through a survey that was applied to a convenience sample of 100 people from the canton. It was determined that Ecuador supports the promotion of accessible tourism as a form of tourism inclusion and as an opportunity for socio-economic development. Although there is a growing interest in accessible tourism in Ecuador, numerous challenges related to infrastructure and services persist. It is concluded that the inhabitants of the Lago Agrio canton are aware of the inclusion of persons with disabilities in tourism activities., El turismo accesible emerge como un componente esencial en la industria turística global al promover la inclusión y la igualdad, permitiendo que todas las personas, independientemente de sus capacidades físicas o psicológicas, disfruten de las atracciones y servicios turísticos de un destino. La implementación no solo es una responsabilidad social, sino también, una estrategia para ampliar la audiencia y responder a las demandas que no son atendidas. Se planteó como objetivo de la investigación: Analizar la percepción sobre el desarrollo del turismo accesible para sugerir acciones integrales y participativas en pos de la inclusión turística y dinamización socio económica del cantón de Lago Agrio, provincia Sucumbíos. Se empleó la investigación descriptiva y exploratoria para analizar el conocimiento e incidencia del turismo accesible, turismo inclusivo o turismo para todos en el campo de acción. La recolección de los datos se llevó a cabo mediante una encuesta que fue aplicada a una muestra por conveniencia de 100 personas del cantón. Se determinó que el Ecuador ampara promover el turismo accesible como una forma de inclusión turística, y como una oportunidad de desarrollo socio - económico. Aunque existe un creciente interés en el turismo accesible en Ecuador, persisten numerosos desafíos relacionados con la infraestructura y los servicios. Se concluye que los habitantes del cantón Lago Agrio poseen concientos de la inclusuón de las personas con discapacidad en las actividad relacionadas con el turismo y su imporntacia social y económica.

The article "Promotion of physical, sports and recreational activity for the optimization of free time and leisure aimed at the community in general" highlights the importance of physical activity and sports in the overall development of boys and girls. The vacation program "VACACIONAL FEDER, 2023" is presented, aimed at children from 6 to 14 years old, with the purpose of offering recreational options during the vacations. This program includes a wide range of physical and sports activities adapted to different ages and skill levels. It is organized in morning and afternoon sessions, divided into groups according to age, with a total of 60 students participating in community service internships. The article highlights the benefits of physical activity, such as muscle strengthening, cognitive development and social skills, as well as the improvement of self-esteem and emotional and social competencies., El artículo "Promoción de la actividad física, deportiva y recreacional para la optimización del tiempo libre y ocio dirigido a la comunidad en general" destaca la importancia de la actividad física y el deporte en el desarrollo global de niños y niñas. Se presenta el programa vacacional "VACACIONAL FEDER, 2023", dirigido a niños de 6 a 14 años, con el propósito de ofrecer opciones de recreación durante las vacaciones. Este programa incluye una amplia gama de actividades físicas y deportivas adaptadas a diferentes edades y niveles de habilidad. Se organiza en jornadas matutinas y vespertinas, divididas en grupos según la edad, con un total de 60 estudiantes participantes en prácticas de servicio comunitario. El artículo resalta los beneficios de la actividad física, como el fortalecimiento muscular, desarrollo cognitivo y habilidades sociales, así como la mejora de la autoestima y competencias emocionales y sociales.

Utah's cultural industry, including the design, education, entertainment, fashion, film, humanities, and traditional arts sectors, generated $14.9 billion in output (direct spending) and supported an estimated 69,820 Utah jobs in 2022. The $14.9 billion represents 3.1% of total statewide output. Utah's cultural industry also generated $6.8 billion in GDP, representing 2.6% of total statewide GDP. Cultural industry activity generated an additional $14.7 billion in output and $7.5 billion in GDP through indirect and induced effects.

This thesis explores the historical practice of managing lakes and other bodies of water with the idea to create good fishing waters for fishers and anglers. The starting point for the thesis is the use of rotenone as a piscicide to exterminate the fish populations in Swedish lakes between 1950-1970. Rotenone was used to create empty waters for the purpose of fish stocking with species of fish that were seen as more valuable for recreational fishermen. The study analyzes the use of rotenone as a method for controlling parts of nature for human profit and use. From a perspective of conservation, fishers advocated for the use of rotenone as a way to ensure the success of the fish stocking practices. I show that how metaphors connected to gardening and farming was used during the legitimization of the rotenone method to describe the species of fish which were the targets for eradication. The fish deemed unvaluable were described as weeds or trash which connected to the idea of extermination of those species. Furthermore, the treatment with rotenone was part of a bigger project in Sweden, for the establishment of public areas in nature in which citizens could practice outdoor recreation. With a framework of more- than-human entanglements I analyze the rotenone project as acts of domestication of water and fish, which additionally connected to the idea that humans should be in control of nature. The question of animal agency entered the discourse surrounding rotenone, because of the weed- fish’s tendency to return to the treated waters. The fish’s agency and intentionality were most often referred to through an anthropomorphic lens, and they were thus attributed with a human understanding of intent. I argue that the inability to see the fish’s own agency and the desire to control nature through separation were contributing factors in the failure of the rotenone project.

I takt med urbanisering och förtätning riskerar bullernivåerna att öka i, och omkring, stadsmiljöer (Boverket, u.å.-a; UN-Habitat, 2022). Det är inte bara vid bostaden som befolkningen utsätts, buller är ett närvarande fenomen i många av stadens offentliga rum och i den omkringliggande naturen. Rekreation i grönområden av god kvalitet kan ha betydande effekt på folkhälsan (Buxton m.fl., 2021; Folkhälsomyndigheten, 2023). Men trots att buller påverkar upplevelsen av grönområden och rekreationsytor (Grahn m.fl., 2024) är kunskapen om ljudmiljön i dessa områden ofta begränsad. Syftet med den här studien är att ta reda på hur tillgången till rekreation i grönområden, som erbjuder en god ljudmiljö, ser ut i Stockholmsregionen. I en geografisk analys har ljudmiljön i grönområden identifierats och avståndet från invånarnas bostäder till grönområden med god ljudmiljö beräknats. En majoritet av befolkningen (86%) har ett större grönområde med godkänd ljudmiljö (Max 45 L0622 på minst 90% på områdets yta) inom 5 kilometer. Men appliceras ett striktare riktvärde (Max 40 L0622 på minst 90% av områdets yta) bor en tredjedel av befolkningen utan ett stort grönområde med god ljudmiljö inom tillgängligt avstånd. I centralt belägna områden tenderar medelavståndet att vara längre, det gäller särskilt i de nordvästra kranskommunerna Solna och Sundbyberg. Medan områden längre från storstadskärnan generellt sett följer ett mönster av kortare avstånd till natur fri från störande bullernivåer. Den här typen av kartläggning kan användas som underlag i planeringen för arbeten med bevarande av goda ljudmiljöer i grönområden. Resultaten ger också indikationer på vilka områden som kan vara intressanta att studera närmare för att se över potentiella åtgärder för att förbättra invånarnas tillgång till grönområden med god ljudmiljö., With ongoing urbanization and densification, noise levels are at risk of increasing in and around urban environments (Boverket, u.å.-a; UN-Habitat, 2022). The citizens are not only in exposure of noise in their home, but noise is also a present phenomenon in many areas of our cities, including the surrounding nature. Recreation in green areas of high quality may have significant effect on public health (Buxton et al., 2021; Public Health Agency, 2023). But even though noise affects the experience of green and recreational areas (Grahn et al., 2024), knowledge of the soundscape in these areas is often limited. The purpose of this study is to find out what access to recreation in green areas, which offer a good quality soundscape, looks like in the Stockholm region. Through geographical analyses, the soundscape of green areas is identified and the distance from the residents' homes to green areas with a good quality soundscape is calculated. Most of the population (86%) has a larger green area with an approved soundscape (Maximum 45 L0622 on at least 90% of the area's surface) within 5 kilometers. However, if a stricter threshold is applied (Maximum 40 L0622 on at least 90% of the area's surface), a third of the population are without a large green area of good quality soundscape within an accessible distance from their home. In centrally located areas, the average distance tends to be longer, this is especially true in the municipalities of Solna and Sundbyberg. Areas further from the metropolitan center generally follow a pattern of shorter distances to nature free from disturbing noise levels. This type of mapping can be used as a basis for urban planning and future efforts of preserving of good quality soundscapes of green areas. The results also indicate which areas may be interesting for further studies, intended to review potential measures of improving resident access to green areas with a good quality soundscape.

Understanding residents’ perceptions of green-blue infrastructure (GBI) is critical to ensure continued access to its associated benefits in growing and densifying urban landscapes. Physical availability and accessibility of green spaces alone do not directly translate to actual appreciation and use. Residents’ sense of place can determine if benefits from GBI are realized and how landscape changes may be perceived. In this study, set in sub-urban Stockholm, Sweden, we applied a mixed-methods approach combining mental mapping with follow-up interviews to investigate how such methodology can improve our understanding of residents’ perception of the recreational use of GBI. For the mental mapping exercise, participants drew, freehand, a map of appreciated neighborhood places for recreational purposes. Our results clearly show that mental mapping provides relevant information on individual and collective perceptions of recreational GBI, linkages between green-blue and gray infrastructure elements, and recreational hot-spots of importance to the local inhabitants. The unguided approach to welding local knowledge with spatial expressions makes the method well suited to contribute to a better understanding of plural senses of place with regards to the recreational use of GBI in rapidly urbanizing landscapes and an enhanced capacity to recognise locally appreciated recreational spaces in planning and practical management.

This bachelor thesis is a collaborative effort with Saab Kockums AB, focusing on designing a space in a future submarine equipped with multifunctional innovations to optimize the limited space available. The methodology employed follows a classical design approach, encompassing research, ideation, conceptualization, validation, finalization, and evaluation stages. Additionally, the project includes a field trip to the Marinmuseum in Karlskrona to explore the submarine “Neptun,” a creation of Saab Kockums. The outcome of the project is a multifunctional space designed to serve as an office, a Role-1 health care unit compliant with NATO standards, as well as for meetings and recreation. The concept emphasizes efficient space utilization through the integration of various foldable mechanisms, facilitating seamless transitions between the four designated functions. The final design is presented through sketches, renders, and a scale model, showcasing the innovative solutions developed.

I takt med urbanisering och förtätning riskerar bullernivåerna att öka i, och omkring, stadsmiljöer (Boverket, u.å.-a; UN-Habitat, 2022). Det är inte bara vid bostaden som befolkningen utsätts, buller är ett närvarande fenomen i många av stadens offentliga rum och i den omkringliggande naturen. Rekreation i grönområden av god kvalitet kan ha betydande effekt på folkhälsan (Buxton m.fl., 2021; Folkhälsomyndigheten, 2023). Men trots att buller påverkar upplevelsen av grönområden och rekreationsytor (Grahn m.fl., 2024) är kunskapen om ljudmiljön i dessa områden ofta begränsad. Syftet med den här studien är att ta reda på hur tillgången till rekreation i grönområden, som erbjuder en god ljudmiljö, ser ut i Stockholmsregionen. I en geografisk analys har ljudmiljön i grönområden identifierats och avståndet från invånarnas bostäder till grönområden med god ljudmiljö beräknats. En majoritet av befolkningen (86%) har ett större grönområde med godkänd ljudmiljö (Max 45 L0622 på minst 90% på områdets yta) inom 5 kilometer. Men appliceras ett striktare riktvärde (Max 40 L0622 på minst 90% av områdets yta) bor en tredjedel av befolkningen utan ett stort grönområde med god ljudmiljö inom tillgängligt avstånd. I centralt belägna områden tenderar medelavståndet att vara längre, det gäller särskilt i de nordvästra kranskommunerna Solna och Sundbyberg. Medan områden längre från storstadskärnan generellt sett följer ett mönster av kortare avstånd till natur fri från störande bullernivåer. Den här typen av kartläggning kan användas som underlag i planeringen för arbeten med bevarande av goda ljudmiljöer i grönområden. Resultaten ger också indikationer på vilka områden som kan vara intressanta att studera närmare för att se över potentiella åtgärder för att förbättra invånarnas tillgång till grönområden med god ljudmiljö., With ongoing urbanization and densification, noise levels are at risk of increasing in and around urban environments (Boverket, u.å.-a; UN-Habitat, 2022). The citizens are not only in exposure of noise in their home, but noise is also a present phenomenon in many areas of our cities, including the surrounding nature. Recreation in green areas of high quality may have significant effect on public health (Buxton et al., 2021; Public Health Agency, 2023). But even though noise affects the experience of green and recreational areas (Grahn et al., 2024), knowledge of the soundscape in these areas is often limited. The purpose of this study is to find out what access to recreation in green areas, which offer a good quality soundscape, looks like in the Stockholm region. Through geographical analyses, the soundscape of green areas is identified and the distance from the residents' homes to green areas with a good quality soundscape is calculated. Most of the population (86%) has a larger green area with an approved soundscape (Maximum 45 L0622 on at least 90% of the area's surface) within 5 kilometers. However, if a stricter threshold is applied (Maximum 40 L0622 on at least 90% of the area's surface), a third of the population are without a large green area of good quality soundscape within an accessible distance from their home. In centrally located areas, the average distance tends to be longer, this is especially true in the municipalities of Solna and Sundbyberg. Areas further from the metropolitan center generally follow a pattern of shorter distances to nature free from disturbing noise levels. This type of mapping can be used as a basis for urban planning and future efforts of preserving of good quality soundscapes of green areas. The results also indicate which areas may be interesting for further studies, intended to review potential measures of improving resident access to green areas with a good quality soundscape.

This thesis explores the historical practice of managing lakes and other bodies of water with the idea to create good fishing waters for fishers and anglers. The starting point for the thesis is the use of rotenone as a piscicide to exterminate the fish populations in Swedish lakes between 1950-1970. Rotenone was used to create empty waters for the purpose of fish stocking with species of fish that were seen as more valuable for recreational fishermen. The study analyzes the use of rotenone as a method for controlling parts of nature for human profit and use. From a perspective of conservation, fishers advocated for the use of rotenone as a way to ensure the success of the fish stocking practices. I show that how metaphors connected to gardening and farming was used during the legitimization of the rotenone method to describe the species of fish which were the targets for eradication. The fish deemed unvaluable were described as weeds or trash which connected to the idea of extermination of those species. Furthermore, the treatment with rotenone was part of a bigger project in Sweden, for the establishment of public areas in nature in which citizens could practice outdoor recreation. With a framework of more- than-human entanglements I analyze the rotenone project as acts of domestication of water and fish, which additionally connected to the idea that humans should be in control of nature. The question of animal agency entered the discourse surrounding rotenone, because of the weed- fish’s tendency to return to the treated waters. The fish’s agency and intentionality were most often referred to through an anthropomorphic lens, and they were thus attributed with a human understanding of intent. I argue that the inability to see the fish’s own agency and the desire to control nature through separation were contributing factors in the failure of the rotenone project.

En ökad urbanisering medför en större betydelse av tätortsnära skogar. Sociala värden i tätortsnära skogar påverkas av flera olika faktorer, däribland den individuella upplevelsen. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur sociala värden upplevdes av besökare och vilka sociala värden som hade utvecklingspotential vid det tätortsnära skogsområdet Djurängen i Kalmar kommun. En webbaserad enkätstudie genomfördes som behandlade besökares upplevelser, åsikter och tankar om sociala värden vid Djurängen där 76 respondenter deltog. De viktigaste slutsatserna var att sociala värden upplevdes olika och att de sociala värden som hade utvecklingspotential var belysningen på de belysta promenadslingorna samt kartor och markeringar på stigar och leder. Sociala värden som kunde indikera på utvecklingspotential var uppehållsplatser, kulturarv och pedagogiska värden. Studien visade en komplex balans mellan respondenternas upplevelse av sociala värden.

Background: Urban green spaces are important for human health, but they may expose visitors to tick-borne diseases. This not only presents a potential public health challenge but also undermines the expected public health gains from urban green spaces. The aim of this study is to assess the public health risk of tick-borne diseases in an urban green space used for recreation in Stockholm, Sweden. Methods: We used a mixed method approach identifying both the magnitude of the tick hazard and the extent of the human exposure to tick-borne diseases. At six entry points to an urban green space, we sampled ticks and documented microhabitat conditions from five randomly assigned 2 m × 2 m plots. Surrounding habitat data was analyzed using geographical information system (GIS). Nymphs and adult ticks were tested for Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Anaplasma phagocytophilum using TaqMan qPCR. Positive B. burgdorferi (s.l.) ticks were further analyzed by nested PCR amplification and sequence analysis. Population census data and visitor count data were used to estimate the degree of human exposure to tick-borne diseases. To further understand the degree to which visitors get in contact with infected ticks we also conducted interviews with visitors to green spaces. Results: High tick densities were commonly found in humid broadleaved forest with low field vegetation. High pathogen prevalence was significantly correlated with increasing proportions of artificial areas. Integrating the tick hazard with human exposure we found that the public health risk of tick-borne diseases was moderate to high at most of the studied entry points. Many of the visitors frequently used urban green spaces. Walking was the most common activity, but visitors also engaged in activities with higher risk for tick encounters. Individual protective measures were connected to specific recreational activities such as picking berries or mushrooms. Conclusions: The number of visitors can be combined with, As manuscript in dissertation

Understanding residents’ perceptions of green-blue infrastructure (GBI) is critical to ensure continued access to its associated benefits in growing and densifying urban landscapes. Physical availability and accessibility of green spaces alone do not directly translate to actual appreciation and use. Residents’ sense of place can determine if benefits from GBI are realized and how landscape changes may be perceived. In this study, set in sub-urban Stockholm, Sweden, we applied a mixed-methods approach combining mental mapping with follow-up interviews to investigate how such methodology can improve our understanding of residents’ perception of the recreational use of GBI. For the mental mapping exercise, participants drew, freehand, a map of appreciated neighborhood places for recreational purposes. Our results clearly show that mental mapping provides relevant information on individual and collective perceptions of recreational GBI, linkages between green-blue and gray infrastructure elements, and recreational hot-spots of importance to the local inhabitants. The unguided approach to welding local knowledge with spatial expressions makes the method well suited to contribute to a better understanding of plural senses of place with regards to the recreational use of GBI in rapidly urbanizing landscapes and an enhanced capacity to recognise locally appreciated recreational spaces in planning and practical management.

En ökad urbanisering medför en större betydelse av tätortsnära skogar. Sociala värden i tätortsnära skogar påverkas av flera olika faktorer, däribland den individuella upplevelsen. Syftet med studien var att undersöka hur sociala värden upplevdes av besökare och vilka sociala värden som hade utvecklingspotential vid det tätortsnära skogsområdet Djurängen i Kalmar kommun. En webbaserad enkätstudie genomfördes som behandlade besökares upplevelser, åsikter och tankar om sociala värden vid Djurängen där 76 respondenter deltog. De viktigaste slutsatserna var att sociala värden upplevdes olika och att de sociala värden som hade utvecklingspotential var belysningen på de belysta promenadslingorna samt kartor och markeringar på stigar och leder. Sociala värden som kunde indikera på utvecklingspotential var uppehållsplatser, kulturarv och pedagogiska värden. Studien visade en komplex balans mellan respondenternas upplevelse av sociala värden.

La campanya "T’estiu molt" ofereix més d’un miler d’activitats perquè els infants i adolescents de Barcelona d’1 a 17 anys gaudeixin del període de vacances.

Across the American West, 9.52 million acres of federal and state public lands are inaccessible to the public. The legality of accessing much of those public lands through corner-crossing is unclear in the law because, in the infinitesimal space where four corners of land meet in a checkerboard pattern, there is ambiguity; neither private landowners nor the public can assert an exclusive right or absolute control without infringing upon the rights of the other. This paper discusses the origins of landlocked public land, common law doctrines that inform legal actors in this space, and analyzes federal statute and state legislative attempts to clarify corner-crossing. Informed by principles of statutory interpretation, the paper systematically examines seven previous legislative attempts to legalize corner crossing in Wyoming, Nevada, Montana, and Colorado. It proposes a solution that progresses the Mountain West’s outdoor recreation heritage while respecting private property rights through a thoughtful addition to state code.

The approach to this case allows us to place dance as a mediating factor in the learning shared with students from the National University during the university extension experience on Isla Venado carried out within the framework of the Comprehensive Development Program for Rural Rural Communities of the Gulf. from Nicoya. The involvement found in the concept of movement is exposed as the main axis of the system. Thus, two meanings of order are subtracted from its epistemic root; on the one hand, external movement and on the other, internal movement. Both actions come together behind the scenes in a dance that invites us to move towards a unique stage between sky, sun, sea and salt. This docu-ment exposes the elements necessary to demonstrate a university extension process, its achievements, interdisciplinary work and local impact., El abordaje de este caso permite situar a la danza como factor de mediación en el aprendizaje compartido con los niños y jóvenes, durante mi experiencia de extensión universitaria en Isla Venado, llevada a cabo en el marco del Programa de Desarrollo Integral de Comunidades Rurales Costeras del Golfo de Nicoya. El involucramiento hallado en el concepto de movimiento se expone como eje principal del sistema. Así, desde su raíz epistémica, se sustraen dos acepciones de orden; por un lado, el movimiento externo y, por otro, el movimiento interno. Ambas acciones se unen “tras bambalinas” en una danza que nos invita a movilizarnos hacia un escenario único entre cielo, sol, mar y sal. Este ensayo expone los elementos necesarios para evidenciar el proceso de extensión universitaria, sus logros, el trabajo interdisciplinario, el impacto local y continuar promoviendo este tipo de acción sustantiva.

What happens if one takes recreational mobilities as a point of departure for making sense of the compact city? This special issue offers interdisciplinary explorations of how one might approach studies of cities and metropolitan regions in new ways, using recreational mobilities as both lens and focal point. In so doing, the contributions aim to advance recreational mobilities as a critical theme for scholarship and practice. We specifically hope to demonstrate how such an approach is fruitful for grappling with the legacies of rationalism and modernism in spatial planning, with a focus on the contemporary ideal of the 'compact city' as both phenomenon and normative impulse that has come to dominate discourses of urban design and urban planning in recent decades.(1)

What happens if one takes recreational mobilities as a point of departure for making sense of the compact city? This special issue offers interdisciplinary explorations of how one might approach studies of cities and metropolitan regions in new ways, using recreational mobilities as both lens and focal point. In so doing, the contributions aim to advance recreational mobilities as a critical theme for scholarship and practice. We specifically hope to demonstrate how such an approach is fruitful for grappling with the legacies of rationalism and modernism in spatial planning, with a focus on the contemporary ideal of the 'compact city' as both phenomenon and normative impulse that has come to dominate discourses of urban design and urban planning in recent decades.(1)

What happens if one takes recreational mobilities as a point of departure for making sense of the compact city? This special issue offers interdisciplinary explorations of how one might approach studies of cities and metropolitan regions in new ways, using recreational mobilities as both lens and focal point. In so doing, the contributions aim to advance recreational mobilities as a critical theme for scholarship and practice. We specifically hope to demonstrate how such an approach is fruitful for grappling with the legacies of rationalism and modernism in spatial planning, with a focus on the contemporary ideal of the 'compact city' as both phenomenon and normative impulse that has come to dominate discourses of urban design and urban planning in recent decades.(1)

Klimatförändringarna är ett faktum och IPCC slår nu fast att det sker en ökning av jordens globala medeltemperatur kan förväntas öka ytterligare om inte utsläppen av växthusgaser till atmosfären kraftigt reduceras. Ekosystem hotas av klimatförändringarna däribland de sköra system som hittas i bergsregioner, där glaciärer påverkas mycket negativt. Men även mänskligt välbefinnande så som ekonomi, infrastruktur och rekreation. Schweiz tredje största inkomstkälla kommer från turistindustrin där skidturismen är en stor del. Variabler som är kritiska för skidåkning kan förväntas att påverkas negativt och därmed den turism som bedrivs. Studien är avgränsad till en ort, Engelberg i schweiziska alperna för att undersöka hur skidturismen kopplat till byn kommer att påverkas av klimatförändringarna. Den här studien har undersökt förändring i variabler som är kritiska för skidåkning så som temperatur, snödjup ochglacialmassa, en intervju har även gjorts med den största aktören i byn somär Titlis Bergbahnen. Resultatet visar bland annat en tydlig trend i att medeltemperaturen har ökat med nästan +1°C både under sommar och vintertid på högsta och lägsta mätpunkten i skidsystemet under 10 år-perioden. De resultat som tagits fram indikerar på samma trender som IPCC prognostiserar i sin sjätte bedömningsrapport. Resultaten visar även att det har skett en kraftig reducering i glacialmassa och den kan förväntas att reduceras ytterligare, och om ungefär 60 år försvinna helt. I och med att variablerna som är kritiska för skidåkning kommer att påverkas kommer skidturismen att förväntas påverkas negativt i Engelberg och för Titlis Bergbahnen., Climate change is affecting the global climate and IPCC states that global warming is expected to increase if the world does not heavily reduce the emission of greenhouse gases. Mountain regions with glaciers are expectedto be affected very negatively due to climate change. But also, human wellbeing such as economy, infrastructure and recreation. The third largest income for Switzerland is coming from the tourism industry where the skiing industry is a huge part and is also threatened by climate change. This study is limited to one village, Engelberg, within the Swiss alps to investigate how the skiing industry connected to the village will be affected by climate change. This study has investigated change in those variables that are critical for skiing, such as temperature, snow depth and glaciermass, an interview has been conducted with the largest stakeholder in the village which is Titlis Bergbahnen. The results show a clear trend that theaverage temperature have increased with almost +1°C both during summerand winter, for both two different measuring points on the mountain, during a 10-year period. The results indicate the same trends as IPCCprognoses in their sixth assessment report. The results show a massivereduce in glacier mass and it is expected to reduce even further, and inabout 60 years to be gone. Since the variables that are critical for skiing will be affected the ski tourism in Engelberg, and for Titlis Bergbahnen, will be negatively affected., 2023-06-02

Background: traditional games are motivating and easy to play for schoolchildren with special educational needs because they favor the mobility and spatial orientation of visually impaired children.Objective: to propose a group of traditional games adapted to improve the mobility and spatial orientation of visually impaired children at "Fructuoso Rodríguez" Special School in Santa Clara, Villa Clara, Cuba.Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out, from May to September 2021. Theoretical methods were used: analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive and historical-logical; and empirical ones: document analysis, observation, questionnaire and interview.Results: the diagnosis made corroborated that the subjects studied presented difficulties in mobility and spatial orientation; distrust, insecurity and few initiatives related to recreation in their family daily life, for which 10 known traditional games were adapted, but little played by children with visual disabilities, in order to reach other ways that contribute to improving their mobility and orientation space, after a stage of confinement caused by Covid-19.Conclusions: the proposal of adapted traditional games responds to the detected need and enhances the recreation and inclusion of these infants in school and extracurricular activities after the pandemic., Fundamento: los juegos tradicionales resultan motivantes y de fácil ejecución para los escolares con necesidades educativas especiales porque favorecen la movilidad y orientación espacial de niños con discapacidad visual.Objetivo: proponer un grupo de juegos tradicionales adaptados para mejorar la movilidad y orientación espacial de niños con discapacidad visual en la Escuela Especial “Fructuoso Rodríguez” de Santa Clara, Villa Clara, Cuba.Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal, entre los meses de mayo-septiembre de 2021. Se emplearon métodos teóricos: analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo e histórico-lógico; y empíricos: análisis de documentos, observación, cuestionario y entrevista.Resultados: el diagnóstico realizado corroboró que los sujetos estudiados presentaban dificultades en la movilidad y la orientación espacial; desconfianza, inseguridad y pocas iniciativas relacionadas con la recreación en su cotidianeidad familiar, por lo que se adaptaron 10 juegos tradicionales conocidos, pero poco jugados por los niños con discapacidad visual, con el fin de alcanzar otras vías que contribuyan a mejorar su movilidad y orientación espacial, luego de una etapa de confinamiento provocada por la Covid-19.Conclusiones: la propuesta de juegos tradicionales adaptados responde a la necesidad detectada y potencia la recreación e inclusión de estos infantes en actividades escolares y extraescolares después de la pandemia.

Der Beitrag untersucht den Wandel der Freizeit- und Kurinfrastruktur für behinderte Menschen und ihre Angehörigen in der deutsch-deutschen Systemkonkurrenz. In der Bundesrepublik und in der DDR waren diese Maßnahmen sehr unterschiedlich organisiert und an die jeweiligen Familienideale angelehnt. Während das westdeutsche Müttergenesungswerk seit den 1950er-Jahren Sonderkuren für besonders belastete Hausfrauen anbot, blieben staatliche Freizeiten in der DDR zunächst Werktätigen vorbehalten. Gerade für Mütter behinderter Kinder ließ die DDR-Staatsführung der Diakonie eine Nische. Trotz solcher divergierenden Trägerstrukturen verlief der Wandel ost- und westdeutscher Angebote in ähnlichen Phasen. Im Westen war es der Contergan-Skandal Anfang der 1960er-Jahre, der eine stärkere Aufmerksamkeit auf die betroffenen Familien lenkte. Der Ausbau von Erholungsangeboten setzte sich auch "nach dem Boom" fort. Im Osten erkannte die SED-Führung ab den 1960er-Jahren die Versorgung der Angehörigen behinderter Menschen als Staatsaufgabe an und intensivierte ihr Engagement auch auf Druck von Eingaben Betroffener. Auffällig ist für beide deutsche Staaten, dass Väter lange Zeit eher abwesend blieben. Eine andere Gemeinsamkeit waren die fortbestehenden Barrieren an vielen Urlaubsorten., In this article, we discuss the support available to the caregivers of people with disabilities in the ideological competition between East and West Germany. In the FRG and the GDR, recovery programs were organised very differently and reflected the respective family ideals. In West Germany, the Müttergenesungswerk (Maternal Health Care Foundation) organised special recovery cures specifically for housewives from the 1950s onwards. In the GDR, the state itself initially offered respite only for workers. East German church organisations found a niche in the otherwise atheist GDR state in recovery programs for mothers with disabled children. Despite the divergent stakeholders in the East and the West, the programs expanded at a similar pace. In the West, the thalidomide crisis led to a media focus on families with disabled children. The expansion of recovery initiatives continued even "after the boom". In the East, international initiatives forced the socialist state to improve its measures. Moreover, GDR citizens, i.e. caregivers, began to remind the party leadership of the state’s own egalitarian principles. What is striking for both German states is that fathers long remained absent from the picture. Another common feature was the persistence of barriers at many holiday locations.