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Une présentation du Droit international public qui régit les relations de la société internationale. Le Droit international public a pour objet de réglementer les relations au sein de la société internationale. Ce droit ne s'intéresse qu'aux rapports entre sujets de Droit international, c'est-à-dire principalement les États et plus récemment les organisations internationales. Cet ouvrage permet à l'étudiant d'avoir une vue d'ensemble du Droit international public, en présentant successivement : les modes de formation de ce droit (traités, coutume, principes généraux, actes unilatéraux, moyens de détermination des règles de droit, droit international et interne) ; les acteurs de la société internationale (État, organisations internationales, ONG et personnes privées) ; le droit régissant les relations internationales (responsabilité des États, règlement des conflits, recours à la contrainte et maintien de la paix) ; et les espaces (mer, canaux et fleuves internationaux, air et espace extra atmosphériques). Points forts Réviser et faire un point actualisé À jour des dernières évolutions législatives, réglementaires et jurisprudentielles Sous forme rédigée, une synthèse rigoureuse, pratique et à jour de l'ensemble des connaissances que le lecteur doit avoir sur cette matière.

Une présentation du Droit de l'environnement à travers ses sources, ses enjeux et les dernières évolutions législatives et jurisprudentielles. Cette nouvelle édition, qui intègre les dispositions de la loi du 24 juillet 2019 portant création notamment de l'Office français de la biodiversité et renforçant la police de l'environnement, a pour objectif de faire le point sur les grandes questions du droit de l'environnement. Il permettra aux étudiants, aux professionnels ainsi qu'à toute personne intéressée d'aborder et de comprendre le droit de l'environnement applicable en France . Il est structuré en 5 parties : les sources du droit de l'environnement et ses acteurs ; la préservation du patrimoine naturel qui traite des réglementations relatives à la protection des espèces mais également aux prélèvements autorisés tels que la chasse et la pêche ; la protection des espaces qui aborde les espaces faisant l'objet d'une protection spécifique en fonction de leur intérêt écologique, de leur rareté ou de leur fragilité... ; les pollutions et nuisances comprenant les réglementations relatives aux installations classées incommodes, insalubres ou dangereuses, les déchets et le bruit ; la protection des milieux qui sont des milieux récepteurs : l'eau, l'air et la mer. Points forts Sous forme rédigée, une synthèse rigoureuse, pratique et à jour de l'ensemble des connaissances que le lecteur doit avoir sur cette matière Réviser et faire un point actualisé

Une présentation du Droit de l'environnement à travers ses sources, ses enjeux et les dernières évolutions législatives et jurisprudentielles. Cette nouvelle édition, qui intègre les dispositions de la loi du 24 juillet 2019 portant création notamment de l'Office français de la biodiversité et renforçant la police de l'environnement, a pour objectif de faire le point sur les grandes questions du droit de l'environnement. Il permettra aux étudiants, aux professionnels ainsi qu'à toute personne intéressée d'aborder et de comprendre le droit de l'environnement applicable en France . Il est structuré en 5 parties : les sources du droit de l'environnement et ses acteurs ; la préservation du patrimoine naturel qui traite des réglementations relatives à la protection des espèces mais également aux prélèvements autorisés tels que la chasse et la pêche ; la protection des espaces qui aborde les espaces faisant l'objet d'une protection spécifique en fonction de leur intérêt écologique, de leur rareté ou de leur fragilité... ; les pollutions et nuisances comprenant les réglementations relatives aux installations classées incommodes, insalubres ou dangereuses, les déchets et le bruit ; la protection des milieux qui sont des milieux récepteurs : l'eau, l'air et la mer. Points forts Sous forme rédigée, une synthèse rigoureuse, pratique et à jour de l'ensemble des connaissances que le lecteur doit avoir sur cette matière Réviser et faire un point actualisé

Une présentation du Droit international public qui régit les relations de la société internationale. Le Droit international public a pour objet de réglementer les relations au sein de la société internationale. Ce droit ne s'intéresse qu'aux rapports entre sujets de Droit international, c'est-à-dire principalement les États et plus récemment les organisations internationales. Cet ouvrage permet à l'étudiant d'avoir une vue d'ensemble du Droit international public, en présentant successivement : les modes de formation de ce droit (traités, coutume, principes généraux, actes unilatéraux, moyens de détermination des règles de droit, droit international et interne) ; les acteurs de la société internationale (État, organisations internationales, ONG et personnes privées) ; le droit régissant les relations internationales (responsabilité des États, règlement des conflits, recours à la contrainte et maintien de la paix) ; et les espaces (mer, canaux et fleuves internationaux, air et espace extra atmosphériques). Points forts Réviser et faire un point actualisé À jour des dernières évolutions législatives, réglementaires et jurisprudentielles Sous forme rédigée, une synthèse rigoureuse, pratique et à jour de l'ensemble des connaissances que le lecteur doit avoir sur cette matière.

Coastlines have long attracted industrial activities, services, housing, and tourism. At select geographic locations, harbors host port facilities and provide local economic growth opportunities. As such, these areas also concentrate populations around the world. In the north of France, where the unemployment rate is high, port industries are still massive providers of work. However, in the last decades, the port development has become a major threat to the architectural heritage, the historical scenery, and the unique biodiversity of these areas, both at sea and on land. The impact of urban redevelopment has been clearly visible since 1950. At this point, this paper raises the following question: How is it possible, in this context, to efficiently limit this urban sprawl through legal frameworks to protect land, sea, and their in-between environment, in spite of the economic interests? The urbanization of the northern coastline of France has gradually expanded since 1950 until a fundamental act appeared in 1986, the Shoreline Act “Loi Littoral”. This act allows us to analyze the last thirty years of urbanization and its binding force towards the protection of the environment; and yet, we also understand that it has a limited role. It does not forbid all kinds of construction, but just new buildings coming out of nowhere, though expansion in urbanized areas is allowed. After decades of existence, this framework has been integrated by both politicians and citizens, and its results have been judged. If the law is now seen as a guardian of the shore, inhabitants and environmental organizations have often criticized its dimness, which favors interpretation. This paper analyzes the soft limitations that have affected the ongoing space consumption since the 1950s using aerial pictures provided by the IGN (Institut National de l’Information Géographique et Forestière), as well as if the rules were efficient enough in their protection., History & Complexity

Coastlines have long attracted industrial activities, services, housing, and tourism. At select geographic locations, harbors host port facilities and provide local economic growth opportunities. As such, these areas also concentrate populations around the world. In the north of France, where the unemployment rate is high, port industries are still massive providers of work. However, in the last decades, the port development has become a major threat to the architectural heritage, the historical scenery, and the unique biodiversity of these areas, both at sea and on land. The impact of urban redevelopment has been clearly visible since 1950. At this point, this paper raises the following question: How is it possible, in this context, to efficiently limit this urban sprawl through legal frameworks to protect land, sea, and their in-between environment, in spite of the economic interests? The urbanization of the northern coastline of France has gradually expanded since 1950 until a fundamental act appeared in 1986, the Shoreline Act “Loi Littoral”. This act allows us to analyze the last thirty years of urbanization and its binding force towards the protection of the environment; and yet, we also understand that it has a limited role. It does not forbid all kinds of construction, but just new buildings coming out of nowhere, though expansion in urbanized areas is allowed. After decades of existence, this framework has been integrated by both politicians and citizens, and its results have been judged. If the law is now seen as a guardian of the shore, inhabitants and environmental organizations have often criticized its dimness, which favors interpretation. This paper analyzes the soft limitations that have affected the ongoing space consumption since the 1950s using aerial pictures provided by the IGN (Institut National de l’Information Géographique et Forestière), as well as if the rules were efficient enough in their protection., History, Form & Aesthetics

by Catherine Mary (Kay) Roche., Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996., Includes bibliographical references (leaves 195-228)., Acknowledgements, Publications, Abbreviations, Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1-26, Chapter 1.1 --- Historical Background / General information --- p.2, Chapter 1.2 --- Mast Cell Mediators --- p.3, Chapter 1.2.1 --- Pre-formed Mediators --- p.4, Chapter 1.2.2 --- Newly Synthesised Lipid Mediators --- p.5, Chapter 1.3 --- Mast Cell Activation --- p.7, Chapter 1.3.1 --- The Antigenic Pathway of Mast Cell Activation --- p.7, Chapter 1.3.2 --- The Non-Antigenic Pathway of Mast Cell Activation --- p.15, Chapter 1.4 --- Phospholipase enzymes --- p.17, Chapter 1.4.1 --- Phospholipase A2 --- p.18, Chapter 1.4.2 --- The type I PLA2 --- p.20, Chapter 1.4.3 --- The type II PLA2 --- p.22, Chapter 1.5 --- Aims of the Study --- p.26, Chapter Chapter 2 --- Materials and Materials --- p.27-49, Chapter 2.1 --- Materials --- p.28, Chapter 2.2 --- Buffers --- p.30, Chapter 2.3 --- Secretory stimuli --- p.31, Chapter 2.4 --- Source of mast cells --- p.32, Chapter 2.4.1 --- Sensitization of animals --- p.33, Chapter 2.4.2 --- Isolation of rat peritoneal mast cells --- p.33, Chapter 2.4.3 --- Purification of rat peritoneal mast cells --- p.34, Chapter 2.4.4 --- Isolation of human lung mast cells --- p.34, Chapter 2.4.5 --- Partial purification of human lung mast cells --- p.35, Chapter 2.4.6 --- Isolation of guinea pig lung mast cells --- p.36, Chapter 2.5 --- General procedure for studying histamine release from isolated mast cells --- p.36, Chapter 2.5.1 --- Procedure for investigating the effect of sPLA2 on the spontaneous histamine release from isolated mast cells --- p.37, Chapter 2.5.2 --- Procedure for investigating the effect of heat treated sPLA2-I on histamine release from isolated RPMC --- p.37, Chapter 2.5.3 --- Procedure for investigating the effect of antimycin A on histamine release induced by sPLA2-I on isolated RPMC --- p.38, Chapter 2.5.4 --- Procedure for investigating the effects of extracellular calcium on histamine release induced by sPLA2-I on isolated RPMC --- p.38, Chapter 2.5.5 --- Procedure for investigating the effects of the sPLA2 enzymes on activated mast cells --- p.39, Chapter 2.5.6 --- Procedure for investigating the effect of preincubation time on sPLA2 induced histamine release from immunologically activated RPMC --- p.39, Chapter 2.5.7 --- Procedure for investigating the effects of the PLA2 inhibitors --- p.39, Chapter 2.5.8 --- Procedure for investigating the effects of the cyclo- oxygenase and lipoxygenase inhibitors on sPLA2 --- p.40, Chapter 2.6 --- Histamine Assay --- p.41, Chapter 2.7 --- Measurement of prostaglandin D2 --- p.42, Chapter 2.7.1 --- Prostaglandin D2 methoxime enzyme immunoassay kit --- p.42, Chapter 2.7.2 --- The Prostaglandin D2 assay --- p.43, Chapter 2.7.3 --- PGD2 release from purified rat peritoneal mast cells --- p.43, Chapter 2.7.4 --- Derivatization of PGD2-MOX --- p.44, Chapter 2.7.5 --- PGD2 assay procedure --- p.44, Chapter 2.8 --- Measurement of intracellular calcium --- p.47, Chapter 2.8.1 --- Fluorescent calcium indicator fura-2 --- p.47, Chapter 2.8.2 --- Cell loading with the calcium indicator --- p.47, Chapter 2.8.3 --- Measurement of fura-2 fluorescence --- p.47, Chapter 2.9 --- Cell counts --- p.49, Chapter 2.10 --- Data analysis --- p.49, Chapter Chapter 3 --- Effects of sPLA2 on rat peritoneal mast cells --- p.50-157, Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.51, Chapter 3.2 --- Methodology --- p.52, Chapter Part 1 --- Effects of sPLA2 on unstimulated rat peritoneal mast cells --- p.52-86, Chapter 3.3 --- Results --- p.52, Chapter 3.3.1 --- Effects of sPLA2-I on the spontaneous histamine release from RPMC --- p.52, Chapter 3.3.2 --- Time course of sPLA2-I induced histamine release --- p.53, Chapter 3.3.3 --- Effect of heat treated sPLA2-I on histamine release --- p.53, Chapter 3.3.4 --- Effects of antimycin A on sPLA2-I induced histamine release --- p.54, Chapter 3.3.5 --- Effects of extracellular calcium on sPLA2-I induced histamine release --- p.54, Chapter 3.3.6 --- Effects of PLA2 inhibitors on sPLA2-I induced histamine release --- p.54, Chapter 3.3.7 --- Effects of sPLA2-I on PGD2 production --- p.56, Chapter 3.3.8 --- Effects of sPLA2-II on the spontaneous histamine release from RPMC --- p.57, Chapter 3.3.9 --- Effects of PLA2 inhibitors on sPLA2-II induced histamine release from purified RPMC --- p.57, Chapter 3.3.10 --- Effects of sPLA2-II on PGD2 production --- p.57, Chapter 3.4 --- Discussion --- p.75, Chapter 3.4.1 --- Effects of sPLA2-I on RPMC --- p.75, Chapter 3.4.2 --- Effects of sPLA2-II on RPMC --- p.83, Chapter Part 2 --- Effects of sPLA2 on stimulated rat peritoneal mast cells --- p.87-130, Chapter 3.5 --- Results --- p.87, Chapter 3.5.1 --- Effects of sPLA2-I on histamine release from immunologically activated RPMC --- p.87, Chapter 3.5.2 --- Effects of preincubation time on sPLA2-I enhanced histamine release from immunologically activated RPMC --- p.88, Chapter 3.5.3 --- Effects of p-BPB on sPLA2-I enhanced histamine release from immunologically activated RPMC --- p.88, Chapter 3.5.4 --- Effects of 12-epi-scalaradial on sPLA2-I enhanced histamine release from immunologically activated RPMC --- p.89, Chapter 3.5.5 --- Effects of MAFP on sPLA2-I enhanced histamine release from immunologically activated RPMC --- p.89, Chapter 3.5.6 --- Effects of sPLA2-I on PGD2 production from immunologically activated RPMC --- p.90, Chapter 3.5.7 --- Effects of flurbiprofen and zileuton on sPLA2-I induced histamine release and enhanced histamine release from RPMC --- p.90, Chapter 3.5.8 --- Effects of sPLA2-II on histamine release from immunologically activated RPMC --- p.91, Chapter 3.5.9 --- Effects of preincubation time on sPLA2-II enhanced histamine release from immunologically activated RPMC --- p.92, Chapter 3.5.10 --- Effects of p-BPB on sPLA2-II enhanced histamine release from immunologically activated RPMC --- p.92, Chapter 3.5.11 --- Effects of 12-epi-scalaradial on sPLA2-II enhanced histamine release from immunologically activated RPMC --- p.92, Chapter 3.5.12 --- Effects of MAFP on sPLA2-II enhanced histamine release from immunologically activated RPMC --- p.93, Chapter 3.5.13 --- Effects of sPLA2-II on PGD2 production from immunologically activated RPMC --- p.93, Chapter 3.5.14 --- Effects of flurbiprofen and zileuton on sPLA2-II induced histamine release and enhanced histamine release from RPMC --- p.93, Chapter 3.6 --- Discussion --- p.124, Chapter 3.6.1 --- Effects of sPLA2 on immunologically induced histamine release from activated RPMC --- p.124, Chapter 3.6.2 --- Effects of sPLA2 on PGD2 production from immunologically activated RPMC --- p.128, Chapter 3.6.3 --- Effects of flurbiprofen and zileuton on sPLA2 induced and enhanced histamine release from RPMC --- p.129, Chapter Part 3 --- Investigation of the mode of action(s) of sPLA2 on RPMC --- p.131-157, Chapter 3.7 --- Results --- p.131, Chapter 3.7.1 --- Effects of sPLA2-I on non-immunologically activated RPMC --- p.131, Chapter 3.7.2 --- Effects of sPLA2-II on non-immunologically activated RPMC --- p.131, Chapter 3.7.3 --- Effects of sPLA2-I on [Ca2+]i in immunologically activated RPMC --- p.132, Chapter 3.7.4 --- Effects of sPLA2-II on [Ca2+]i in immunologically activated RPMC --- p.133, Chapter 3.8 --- Discussion --- p.145, Chapter 3.9 --- Summary of the possible mechanism (s) of action of sPLA2 --- p.149, Chapter 3.10 --- Conclusions --- p.156, Chapter 3.11 --- Future studies --- p.157, Chapter Chapter 4 --- Effects of sPLA2 on human and guinea pig lung mast cells --- p.158-194, Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.159, Chapter 4.2 --- Methodology --- p.162, Chapter 4.3 --- Results --- p.163, Chapter 4.3.1 --- Effects of sPLA2 on the spontaneous histamine release from HLMC --- p.163, Chapter 4.3.2 --- Effects of sPLA2 on immunologically induced histamine release from HLMC --- p.163, Chapter 4.3.3 --- Effects of sPLA2 on A23187 induced histamine release from HLMC --- p.164, Chapter 4.3.4 --- Effects of p-BPB on the inhibitory activity of sPLA2-I --- p.165, Chapter 4.3.5 --- Effects of sPLA2 on partially purified HLMC --- p.165, Chapter 4.3.6 --- Effects of sPLA2 on the spontaneous histamine release from GPLMC --- p.166, Chapter 4.3.7 --- Effects of sPLA2 on immunologically induced histamine release from GPLMC --- p.167, Chapter 4.4 --- Discussion --- p.189, Chapter 4.5 --- Conclusions --- p.194, References --- p.195-228, http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5888752, Use of this resource is governed by the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International” License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)