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1. A genetic history of the Balkans from Roman frontier to Slavic migrations

Author: Olalde, Inigo, Carrion, Pablo, Mikić, Ilija, Rohland, Nadin, Mallick, Swapan, Lazaridis, Iosif, Mah, Matthew, Korać, Miomir, Golubović, Snežana, Petković, Sofija, Miladinović-Radmilović, Nataša, Vulović, Dragana, Alihodžić, Timka, Ash, Abigail, Baeta, Miriam, Bartık, Juraj, Bedić, Željka, Bilić, Maja, Bonsall, Clive, Bunčić, Maja, Bunčić, Domagoj, Carić, Mario, Čataj, Lea, Cvetko, Mirna, Drnić, Ivan, Dugonjić, Anita, Đukić, Ana, Đukić, Ksenija, Farkaš, Zdenek, Jelınek, Pavol, Jovanovic, Marija, Kaić, Iva, Kalafatić, Hrvoje, Krmpotić, Marijana, Krznar, Siniša, Leleković, Tino, M. de Pancorbo, Marian, Matijević, Vinka, Milosević Zakić, Branka, J. Osterholtz, Anna, M. Paige, Julianne, Dinko, Tresić Pavičić, Premužić, Zrinka, Rajić Sikanjić, Petra, Rapan Papeša, Anita, Paraman, Lujana, Sanader, Mirjana, Radovanović, Ivana, Roksandic, Mirjana, Sefcakova, Alena, Stefanović, Sofia, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Toncinić, Domagoj, Olalde, Inigo, Carrion, Pablo, Mikić, Ilija, Rohland, Nadin, Mallick, Swapan, Lazaridis, Iosif, Mah, Matthew, Korać, Miomir, Golubović, Snežana, Petković, Sofija, Miladinović-Radmilović, Nataša, Vulović, Dragana, Alihodžić, Timka, Ash, Abigail, Baeta, Miriam, Bartık, Juraj, Bedić, Željka, Bilić, Maja, Bonsall, Clive, Bunčić, Maja, Bunčić, Domagoj, Carić, Mario, Čataj, Lea, Cvetko, Mirna, Drnić, Ivan, Dugonjić, Anita, Đukić, Ana, Đukić, Ksenija, Farkaš, Zdenek, Jelınek, Pavol, Jovanovic, Marija, Kaić, Iva, Kalafatić, Hrvoje, Krmpotić, Marijana, Krznar, Siniša, Leleković, Tino, M. de Pancorbo, Marian, Matijević, Vinka, Milosević Zakić, Branka, J. Osterholtz, Anna, M. Paige, Julianne, Dinko, Tresić Pavičić, Premužić, Zrinka, Rajić Sikanjić, Petra, Rapan Papeša, Anita, Paraman, Lujana, Sanader, Mirjana, Radovanović, Ivana, Roksandic, Mirjana, Sefcakova, Alena, Stefanović, Sofia, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, and Toncinić, Domagoj
Abstract: The rise and fall of the Roman Empire was a socio-political process with enormous ramifications for humanhistory. The Middle Danube was a crucial frontier and a crossroads for population and cultural movement.Here, we present genome-wide data from 136 Balkan individuals dated to the 1st millennium CE. Despiteextensive militarization and cultural influence, we find little ancestry contribution from peoples of Italicdescent. However, we trace a large-scale influx of people of Anatolian ancestry during the Imperial period.Between 250 and 550 CE, we detect migrants with ancestry from Central/Northern Europe and the Steppe,confirming that ‘‘barbarian’’ migrations were propelled by ethnically diverse confederations. Following theend of Roman control, we detect the large-scale arrival of individuals who were genetically similar to modernEastern European Slavic-speaking populations, who contributed 30%–60% of the ancestry of Balkan people,representing one of the largest permanent demographic changes anywhere in Europe during the MigrationPeriod.
Published: 2023

2. A genetic history of the Balkans from Roman frontier to Slavic migrations

Author: Olalde, Inigo, Carrion, Pablo, Mikić, Ilija, Rohland, Nadin, Mallick, Swapan, Lazaridis, Iosif, Mah, Matthew, Korać, Miomir, Golubović, Snežana, Petković, Sofija, Miladinović-Radmilović, Nataša, Vulović, Dragana, Alihodžić, Timka, Ash, Abigail, Baeta, Miriam, Bartık, Juraj, Bedić, Željka, Bilić, Maja, Bonsall, Clive, Bunčić, Maja, Bunčić, Domagoj, Carić, Mario, Čataj, Lea, Cvetko, Mirna, Drnić, Ivan, Dugonjić, Anita, Đukić, Ana, Đukić, Ksenija, Farkaš, Zdenek, Jelınek, Pavol, Jovanovic, Marija, Kaić, Iva, Kalafatić, Hrvoje, Krmpotić, Marijana, Krznar, Siniša, Leleković, Tino, M. de Pancorbo, Marian, Matijević, Vinka, Milosević Zakić, Branka, J. Osterholtz, Anna, M. Paige, Julianne, Dinko, Tresić Pavičić, Premužić, Zrinka, Rajić Sikanjić, Petra, Rapan Papeša, Anita, Paraman, Lujana, Sanader, Mirjana, Radovanović, Ivana, Roksandic, Mirjana, Sefcakova, Alena, Stefanović, Sofia, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Toncinić, Domagoj, Olalde, Inigo, Carrion, Pablo, Mikić, Ilija, Rohland, Nadin, Mallick, Swapan, Lazaridis, Iosif, Mah, Matthew, Korać, Miomir, Golubović, Snežana, Petković, Sofija, Miladinović-Radmilović, Nataša, Vulović, Dragana, Alihodžić, Timka, Ash, Abigail, Baeta, Miriam, Bartık, Juraj, Bedić, Željka, Bilić, Maja, Bonsall, Clive, Bunčić, Maja, Bunčić, Domagoj, Carić, Mario, Čataj, Lea, Cvetko, Mirna, Drnić, Ivan, Dugonjić, Anita, Đukić, Ana, Đukić, Ksenija, Farkaš, Zdenek, Jelınek, Pavol, Jovanovic, Marija, Kaić, Iva, Kalafatić, Hrvoje, Krmpotić, Marijana, Krznar, Siniša, Leleković, Tino, M. de Pancorbo, Marian, Matijević, Vinka, Milosević Zakić, Branka, J. Osterholtz, Anna, M. Paige, Julianne, Dinko, Tresić Pavičić, Premužić, Zrinka, Rajić Sikanjić, Petra, Rapan Papeša, Anita, Paraman, Lujana, Sanader, Mirjana, Radovanović, Ivana, Roksandic, Mirjana, Sefcakova, Alena, Stefanović, Sofia, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, and Toncinić, Domagoj
Abstract: The rise and fall of the Roman Empire was a socio-political process with enormous ramifications for human history. The Middle Danube was a crucial frontier and a crossroads for population and cultural movement. Here, we present genome-wide data from 136 Balkan individuals dated to the 1st millennium CE. Despite extensive militarization and cultural influence, we find little ancestry contribution from peoples of Italic descent. However, we trace a large-scale influx of people of Anatolian ancestry during the Imperial period. Between 250 and 550 CE, we detect migrants with ancestry from Central/Northern Europe and the Steppe, confirming that ‘‘barbarian’’ migrations were propelled by ethnically diverse confederations. Following the end of Roman control, we detect the large-scale arrival of individuals who were genetically similar to modern Eastern European Slavic-speaking populations, who contributed 30%–60% of the ancestry of Balkan people, representing one of the largest permanent demographic changes anywhere in Europe during the Migration Period.
Published: 2023

3. Kinship practices in Early Iron Age South-east Europe: genetic and isotopic analysis of burials from the Dolge njive barrow cemetery, Dolenjska, Slovenia

Author: Zoología y biología celular animal, Zoologia eta animalia zelulen biologia, Armit, Ian, Fischer, Claire-Elise, Koon, Hannah, Nicholls, Rebecca, Olalde Marquínez, Iñigo, Rohland, Nadin, Buckberry, Jo, Montgomery, Janet, Mason, Philip, Cresnar, Matija, Buster, Lindsey, Reich, David, Zoología y biología celular animal, Zoologia eta animalia zelulen biologia, Armit, Ian, Fischer, Claire-Elise, Koon, Hannah, Nicholls, Rebecca, Olalde Marquínez, Iñigo, Rohland, Nadin, Buckberry, Jo, Montgomery, Janet, Mason, Philip, Cresnar, Matija, Buster, Lindsey, and Reich, David
Abstract: The burial of multiple individuals within a single funerary monument invites speculation about the relationships between the deceased: were they chosen on the basis of status, gender or relatedness, for example? Here, the authors present the results of aDNA and isotope analyses conducted on seven individuals from an Early Iron Age barrow at Dolge njive, south-eastern Slovenia. All seven individuals are close biological relatives. While the group composition suggests strict adherence to neither patrilineal nor matrilineal structures, the funerary tradition appears highly gendered, and family links through both the male and female lines seem important in structuring of the community. The results have implications for understanding of kinship and funerary practices in late prehistoric Europe.
Published: 2023

4. A genetic history of the Balkans from Roman frontier to Slavic migrations

Author: Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Fundación la Caixa, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, National Institutes of Health (US), John Templeton Foundation, Paul G. Allen Family Foundation, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Olalde, Iñigo [0000-0002-2660-6807], Lalueza-Fox, Carles [0000-0002-1730-5914], Olalde, Iñigo, Carrión, Pablo, Mikić, Ilija, Rohland, Nadin, Mallick, Swapan, Lazaridis, Iosif, Mah, Matthew, Miomir Korać, Golubović, Snežana, Petković, Sofija, Miladinović-Radmilović, Nataša, Vulović, Dragana, Alihodžić, Timka, Ash, Abigail, Baeta, Miriam, Bartík, Juraj, Bedić, Željka, Bilić, Maja, Bonsall, Clive, Bunčić, Maja, Bužanić, Domagoj, Carić, Mario, Čataj, Lea, Cvetko, Mirna, Drnić, Ivan, Dugonjić, Anita, Đukić, Ana, Đukić, Ksenija, Farkaš, Zdeněk, Jelínek, Pavol, Jovanovic, Marija, Kaić, Iva, Kalafatić, Hrvoje, Krmpotić, Marijana, Krznar, Siniša, Leleković, Tino, Pancorbo, Marian M. de, Matijević, Vinka, Milošević Zakić, Branka, Osterholtz, Anna J., Paige, Julianne M., Tresić Pavičić, Dinko, Premužić, Zrinka, Rajić Šikanjić, Petra, Rapan Papeša, Anita, Paraman, Lujana, Sanader, Mirjana, Radovanović, Ivana, Roksandic, Mirjana, Šefčáková, Alena, Stefanović, Sofia, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Tončinić, Domagoj, Zagorc, Brina, Callan, Kim, Candilio, Francesca, Cheronet, Olivia, Fernandes, Daniel, Kearns, Aisling, Lawson, Ann Marie, Mandl, Kirsten, Wagner, Anna, Zalzala, Fatma, Zettl, Anna, Tomanović, Željko, Keckarević, Dušan, Novak, Mario, Harper, Kyle, McCormick, Michael, Pinhasi, Ron, Grbić, Miodrag, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, Reich, David, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Fundación la Caixa, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia, National Institutes of Health (US), John Templeton Foundation, Paul G. Allen Family Foundation, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Olalde, Iñigo [0000-0002-2660-6807], Lalueza-Fox, Carles [0000-0002-1730-5914], Olalde, Iñigo, Carrión, Pablo, Mikić, Ilija, Rohland, Nadin, Mallick, Swapan, Lazaridis, Iosif, Mah, Matthew, Miomir Korać, Golubović, Snežana, Petković, Sofija, Miladinović-Radmilović, Nataša, Vulović, Dragana, Alihodžić, Timka, Ash, Abigail, Baeta, Miriam, Bartík, Juraj, Bedić, Željka, Bilić, Maja, Bonsall, Clive, Bunčić, Maja, Bužanić, Domagoj, Carić, Mario, Čataj, Lea, Cvetko, Mirna, Drnić, Ivan, Dugonjić, Anita, Đukić, Ana, Đukić, Ksenija, Farkaš, Zdeněk, Jelínek, Pavol, Jovanovic, Marija, Kaić, Iva, Kalafatić, Hrvoje, Krmpotić, Marijana, Krznar, Siniša, Leleković, Tino, Pancorbo, Marian M. de, Matijević, Vinka, Milošević Zakić, Branka, Osterholtz, Anna J., Paige, Julianne M., Tresić Pavičić, Dinko, Premužić, Zrinka, Rajić Šikanjić, Petra, Rapan Papeša, Anita, Paraman, Lujana, Sanader, Mirjana, Radovanović, Ivana, Roksandic, Mirjana, Šefčáková, Alena, Stefanović, Sofia, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Tončinić, Domagoj, Zagorc, Brina, Callan, Kim, Candilio, Francesca, Cheronet, Olivia, Fernandes, Daniel, Kearns, Aisling, Lawson, Ann Marie, Mandl, Kirsten, Wagner, Anna, Zalzala, Fatma, Zettl, Anna, Tomanović, Željko, Keckarević, Dušan, Novak, Mario, Harper, Kyle, McCormick, Michael, Pinhasi, Ron, Grbić, Miodrag, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, and Reich, David
Abstract: [Summary] The rise and fall of the Roman Empire was a socio-political process with enormous ramifications for human history. The Middle Danube was a crucial frontier and a crossroads for population and cultural movement. Here, we present genome-wide data from 136 Balkan individuals dated to the 1st millennium CE. Despite extensive militarization and cultural influence, we find little ancestry contribution from peoples of Italic descent. However, we trace a large-scale influx of people of Anatolian ancestry during the Imperial period. Between ∼250 and 550 CE, we detect migrants with ancestry from Central/Northern Europe and the Steppe, confirming that “barbarian” migrations were propelled by ethnically diverse confederations. Following the end of Roman control, we detect the large-scale arrival of individuals who were genetically similar to modern Eastern European Slavic-speaking populations, who contributed 30%–60% of the ancestry of Balkan people, representing one of the largest permanent demographic changes anywhere in Europe during the Migration Period.
Published: 2023

5. Ancient DNA and deep population structure in sub-Saharan African foragers

Author: Zoología y biología celular animal, Zoologia eta animalia zelulen biologia, Lipson, Mark, Sawchuk, Elizabeth A., Thompson, Jessica C., Oppenheimer, Jonas, Tryon, Christian A., Ranhorn, Kathryn L., De Luna, Kathryn M., Sirak, Kendra A., Olalde Marquínez, Iñigo, Ambrose, Stanley H., Arthur, John W., Arthur, Kathryn J. W., Ayodo, George, Bertacchi, Alex, Cerezo Román, Jessica I., Culleton, Brendan J., Curtis, Matthew C., Davis, Jacob, Gidna, Agness O., Hanson, Annalys, Kaliba, Potiphar, Katongo, Maggie, Kwekason, Amandus, Laird, Myra F., Lewis, Jason, Mabulla, Audax Z. P., Mapemba, Fredrick, Morris, Alan, Mudenda, George, Mwafulirwa, Raphael, Mwangomba, Daudi, Ndiema, Emmanuel, Ogola, Christine, Schilt, Flora, Willoughby, Pamela R., Wright, David K., Zipkin, Andrew, Pinhasi, Ron, Kennett, Douglas J., Manthi, Fredrick Kyalo, Rohland, Nadin, Patterson, Nick, Reich, David, Prendergast, Mary E., Zoología y biología celular animal, Zoologia eta animalia zelulen biologia, Lipson, Mark, Sawchuk, Elizabeth A., Thompson, Jessica C., Oppenheimer, Jonas, Tryon, Christian A., Ranhorn, Kathryn L., De Luna, Kathryn M., Sirak, Kendra A., Olalde Marquínez, Iñigo, Ambrose, Stanley H., Arthur, John W., Arthur, Kathryn J. W., Ayodo, George, Bertacchi, Alex, Cerezo Román, Jessica I., Culleton, Brendan J., Curtis, Matthew C., Davis, Jacob, Gidna, Agness O., Hanson, Annalys, Kaliba, Potiphar, Katongo, Maggie, Kwekason, Amandus, Laird, Myra F., Lewis, Jason, Mabulla, Audax Z. P., Mapemba, Fredrick, Morris, Alan, Mudenda, George, Mwafulirwa, Raphael, Mwangomba, Daudi, Ndiema, Emmanuel, Ogola, Christine, Schilt, Flora, Willoughby, Pamela R., Wright, David K., Zipkin, Andrew, Pinhasi, Ron, Kennett, Douglas J., Manthi, Fredrick Kyalo, Rohland, Nadin, Patterson, Nick, Reich, David, and Prendergast, Mary E.
Abstract: [EN] Multiple lines of genetic and archaeological evidence suggest that there were major demographic changes in the terminal Late Pleistocene epoch and early Holocene epoch of sub-Saharan Africa(1-4). Inferences about this period are challenging to make because demographic shifts in the past 5,000 years have obscured the structures of more ancient populations(3,5). Here we present genome-wide ancient DNA data for six individuals from eastern and south-central Africa spanning the past approximately 18,000 years (doubling the time depth of sub-Saharan African ancient DNA), increase the data quality for 15 previously published ancient individuals and analyse these alongside data from 13 other published ancient individuals. The ancestry of the individuals in our study area can be modelled as a geographically structured mixture of three highly divergent source populations, probably reflecting Pleistocene interactions around 80-20 thousand years ago, including deeply diverged eastern and southern African lineages, plus a previously unappreciated ubiquitous distribution of ancestry that occurs in highest proportion today in central African rainforest hunter-gatherers. Once established, this structure remained highly stable, with limited long-range gene flow. These results provide a new line of genetic evidence in support of hypotheses that have emerged from archaeological analyses but remain contested, suggesting increasing regionalization at the end of the Pleistocene epoch. DNA analysis of 6 individuals from eastern and south-central Africa spanning the past approximately 18,000 years, and of 28 previously published ancient individuals, provides genetic evidence supporting hypotheses of increasing regionalization at the end of the Pleistocene.
Published: 2022

6. Ancient DNA and deep population structure in sub-Saharan African foragers

Author: Zoología y biología celular animal, Zoologia eta animalia zelulen biologia, Lipson, Mark, Sawchuk, Elizabeth A., Thompson, Jessica C., Oppenheimer, Jonas, Tryon, Christian A., Ranhorn, Kathryn L., De Luna, Kathryn M., Sirak, Kendra A., Olalde Marquínez, Iñigo, Ambrose, Stanley H., Arthur, John W., Arthur, Kathryn J. W., Ayodo, George, Bertacchi, Alex, Cerezo Román, Jessica I., Culleton, Brendan J., Curtis, Matthew C., Davis, Jacob, Gidna, Agness O., Hanson, Annalys, Kaliba, Potiphar, Katongo, Maggie, Kwekason, Amandus, Laird, Myra F., Lewis, Jason, Mabulla, Audax Z. P., Mapemba, Fredrick, Morris, Alan, Mudenda, George, Mwafulirwa, Raphael, Mwangomba, Daudi, Ndiema, Emmanuel, Ogola, Christine, Schilt, Flora, Willoughby, Pamela R., Wright, David K., Zipkin, Andrew, Pinhasi, Ron, Kennett, Douglas J., Manthi, Fredrick Kyalo, Rohland, Nadin, Patterson, Nick, Reich, David, Prendergast, Mary E., Zoología y biología celular animal, Zoologia eta animalia zelulen biologia, Lipson, Mark, Sawchuk, Elizabeth A., Thompson, Jessica C., Oppenheimer, Jonas, Tryon, Christian A., Ranhorn, Kathryn L., De Luna, Kathryn M., Sirak, Kendra A., Olalde Marquínez, Iñigo, Ambrose, Stanley H., Arthur, John W., Arthur, Kathryn J. W., Ayodo, George, Bertacchi, Alex, Cerezo Román, Jessica I., Culleton, Brendan J., Curtis, Matthew C., Davis, Jacob, Gidna, Agness O., Hanson, Annalys, Kaliba, Potiphar, Katongo, Maggie, Kwekason, Amandus, Laird, Myra F., Lewis, Jason, Mabulla, Audax Z. P., Mapemba, Fredrick, Morris, Alan, Mudenda, George, Mwafulirwa, Raphael, Mwangomba, Daudi, Ndiema, Emmanuel, Ogola, Christine, Schilt, Flora, Willoughby, Pamela R., Wright, David K., Zipkin, Andrew, Pinhasi, Ron, Kennett, Douglas J., Manthi, Fredrick Kyalo, Rohland, Nadin, Patterson, Nick, Reich, David, and Prendergast, Mary E.
Abstract: [EN] Multiple lines of genetic and archaeological evidence suggest that there were major demographic changes in the terminal Late Pleistocene epoch and early Holocene epoch of sub-Saharan Africa(1-4). Inferences about this period are challenging to make because demographic shifts in the past 5,000 years have obscured the structures of more ancient populations(3,5). Here we present genome-wide ancient DNA data for six individuals from eastern and south-central Africa spanning the past approximately 18,000 years (doubling the time depth of sub-Saharan African ancient DNA), increase the data quality for 15 previously published ancient individuals and analyse these alongside data from 13 other published ancient individuals. The ancestry of the individuals in our study area can be modelled as a geographically structured mixture of three highly divergent source populations, probably reflecting Pleistocene interactions around 80-20 thousand years ago, including deeply diverged eastern and southern African lineages, plus a previously unappreciated ubiquitous distribution of ancestry that occurs in highest proportion today in central African rainforest hunter-gatherers. Once established, this structure remained highly stable, with limited long-range gene flow. These results provide a new line of genetic evidence in support of hypotheses that have emerged from archaeological analyses but remain contested, suggesting increasing regionalization at the end of the Pleistocene epoch. DNA analysis of 6 individuals from eastern and south-central Africa spanning the past approximately 18,000 years, and of 28 previously published ancient individuals, provides genetic evidence supporting hypotheses of increasing regionalization at the end of the Pleistocene.
Published: 2022

7. Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age

Author: Patterson, Nick, Isakov, Michael, Booth, Thomas, Büster, Lindsey, Fischer, Claire-Elise, Olalde, Iñigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Akbari, Ali, Cheronet, Olivia, Bleasdale, Madeleine, Adamski, Nicole, Altena, Eveline, Bernardos, Rebecca, Brace, Selina, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Candilio, Francesca, Culleton, Brendan, Curtis, Elizabeth, Demetz, Lea, Carlson, Kellie Sara Duffett, Fernandes, Daniel M., Foody, M. George B., Freilich, Suzanne, Goodchild, Helen, Kearns, Aisling, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazaridis, Iosif, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Morante, Guillermo Bravo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Qiu, Lijun, Schattke, Constanze, Stewardson, Kristin, Workman, J. Noah, Zalzala, Fatma, Zhang, Zhao, Agustí, Bibiana, Allen, Tim, Almássy, Katalin, Amkreutz, Luc, Ash, Abigail, Baillif-Ducros, Christèle, Barclay, Alistair, Bartosiewicz, László, Baxter, Katherine, Bernert, Zsolt, Blažek, Jan, Bodružić, Mario, Boissinot, Philippe, Bonsall, Clive, Bradley, Pippa, Brittain, Marcus, Brookes, Alison, Brown, Fraser, Brown, Lisa, Brunning, Richard, Budd, Chelsea, Burmaz, Josip, Canet, Sylvain, Carnicero-Cáceres, Silvia, Čaušević-Bully, Morana, Chamberlain, Andrew, Chauvin, Sébastien, Clough, Sharon, Čondić, Natalija, Coppa, Alfredo, Craig, Oliver, Črešnar, Matija, Cummings, Vicki, Czifra, Szabolcs, Danielisová, Alžběta, Daniels, Robin, Davies, Alex, de Jersey, Philip, Deacon, Jody, Deminger, Csilla, Ditchfield, Peter W., Dizdar, Marko, Dobeš, Miroslav, Dobisíková, Miluše, Domboróczki, László, Drinkall, Gail, Đukić, Ana, Edwards, Ceiridwen J., Ernée, Michal, Evans, Christopher, Evans, Jane, Fernández-Götz, Manuel, Filipović, Slavica, Fitzpatrick, Andrew, Fokkens, Harry, Fowler, Chris, Fox, Allison, Gallina, Zsolt, Gamble, Michelle, González Morales, Manuel R., González-Rabanal, Borja, Green, Adrian, Gyenesei, Katalin, Habermehl, Diederick, Hajdu, Tamás, Hamilton, Derek, Harris, James, Hayden, Chris, Hendriks, Joep, Hernu, Bénédicte, Hey, Gill, Horňák, Milan, Ilon, Gábor, Istvánovits, Eszter, Jones, Andy M., Kavur, Martina Blečić, Kazek, Kevin, Kenyon, Robert A., Khreisheh, Amal, Kiss, Viktória, Kleijne, Jos, Knight, Mark, Kootker, Lisette M., Kovács, Péter F., Kozubová, Anita, Kulcsár, Gabriella, Kulcsár, Valéria, Le Pennec, Christophe, Legge, Michael, Leivers, Matt, Loe, Louise, López-Costas, Olalla, Lord, Tom, Los, Dženi, Lyall, James, Marín-Arroyo, Ana B., Mason, Philip, Matošević, Damir, Maxted, Andy, McIntyre, Lauren, McKinley, Jacqueline, McSweeney, Kathleen, Meijlink, Bernard, Mende, Balázs G., Menđušić, Marko, Metlička, Milan, Meyer, Sophie, Mihovilić, Kristina, Milasinovic, Lidija, Minnitt, Steve, Moore, Joanna, Morley, Geoff, Mullan, Graham, Musilová, Margaréta, Neil, Benjamin, Nicholls, Rebecca, Novak, Mario, Pala, Maria, Papworth, Martin, Paresys, Cécile, Patten, Ricky, Perkić, Domagoj, Pesti, Krisztina, Petit, Alba, Petriščáková, Katarína, Pichon, Coline, Pickard, Catriona, Pilling, Zoltán, Price, T. Douglas, Radović, Siniša, Redfern, Rebecca, Resutík, Branislav, Rhodes, Daniel T., Richards, Martin B., Roberts, Amy, Roefstra, Jean, Sankot, Pavel, Šefčáková, Alena, Sheridan, Alison, Skae, Sabine, Šmolíková, Miroslava, Somogyi, Krisztina, Somogyvári, Ágnes, Stephens, Mark, Szabó, Géza, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamás, Tabor, Jonathan, Tankó, Károly, Maria, Clenis Tavarez, Terry, Rachel, Teržan, Biba, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Torres-Martínez, Jesús F., Trapp, Julien, Turle, Ross, Ujvári, Ferenc, van der Heiden, Menno, Veleminsky, Petr, Veselka, Barbara, Vytlačil, Zdeněk, Waddington, Clive, Ware, Paula, Wilkinson, Paul, Wilson, Linda, Wiseman, Rob, Young, Eilidh, Zaninović, Joško, Žitňan, Andrej, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, de Knijff, Peter, Barnes, Ian, Halkon, Peter, Thomas, Mark G., Kennett, Douglas J., Cunliffe, Barry, Lillie, Malcolm, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, Armit, Ian, Reich, David, Patterson, Nick, Isakov, Michael, Booth, Thomas, Büster, Lindsey, Fischer, Claire-Elise, Olalde, Iñigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Akbari, Ali, Cheronet, Olivia, Bleasdale, Madeleine, Adamski, Nicole, Altena, Eveline, Bernardos, Rebecca, Brace, Selina, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Candilio, Francesca, Culleton, Brendan, Curtis, Elizabeth, Demetz, Lea, Carlson, Kellie Sara Duffett, Fernandes, Daniel M., Foody, M. George B., Freilich, Suzanne, Goodchild, Helen, Kearns, Aisling, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazaridis, Iosif, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Morante, Guillermo Bravo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Qiu, Lijun, Schattke, Constanze, Stewardson, Kristin, Workman, J. Noah, Zalzala, Fatma, Zhang, Zhao, Agustí, Bibiana, Allen, Tim, Almássy, Katalin, Amkreutz, Luc, Ash, Abigail, Baillif-Ducros, Christèle, Barclay, Alistair, Bartosiewicz, László, Baxter, Katherine, Bernert, Zsolt, Blažek, Jan, Bodružić, Mario, Boissinot, Philippe, Bonsall, Clive, Bradley, Pippa, Brittain, Marcus, Brookes, Alison, Brown, Fraser, Brown, Lisa, Brunning, Richard, Budd, Chelsea, Burmaz, Josip, Canet, Sylvain, Carnicero-Cáceres, Silvia, Čaušević-Bully, Morana, Chamberlain, Andrew, Chauvin, Sébastien, Clough, Sharon, Čondić, Natalija, Coppa, Alfredo, Craig, Oliver, Črešnar, Matija, Cummings, Vicki, Czifra, Szabolcs, Danielisová, Alžběta, Daniels, Robin, Davies, Alex, de Jersey, Philip, Deacon, Jody, Deminger, Csilla, Ditchfield, Peter W., Dizdar, Marko, Dobeš, Miroslav, Dobisíková, Miluše, Domboróczki, László, Drinkall, Gail, Đukić, Ana, Edwards, Ceiridwen J., Ernée, Michal, Evans, Christopher, Evans, Jane, Fernández-Götz, Manuel, Filipović, Slavica, Fitzpatrick, Andrew, Fokkens, Harry, Fowler, Chris, Fox, Allison, Gallina, Zsolt, Gamble, Michelle, González Morales, Manuel R., González-Rabanal, Borja, Green, Adrian, Gyenesei, Katalin, Habermehl, Diederick, Hajdu, Tamás, Hamilton, Derek, Harris, James, Hayden, Chris, Hendriks, Joep, Hernu, Bénédicte, Hey, Gill, Horňák, Milan, Ilon, Gábor, Istvánovits, Eszter, Jones, Andy M., Kavur, Martina Blečić, Kazek, Kevin, Kenyon, Robert A., Khreisheh, Amal, Kiss, Viktória, Kleijne, Jos, Knight, Mark, Kootker, Lisette M., Kovács, Péter F., Kozubová, Anita, Kulcsár, Gabriella, Kulcsár, Valéria, Le Pennec, Christophe, Legge, Michael, Leivers, Matt, Loe, Louise, López-Costas, Olalla, Lord, Tom, Los, Dženi, Lyall, James, Marín-Arroyo, Ana B., Mason, Philip, Matošević, Damir, Maxted, Andy, McIntyre, Lauren, McKinley, Jacqueline, McSweeney, Kathleen, Meijlink, Bernard, Mende, Balázs G., Menđušić, Marko, Metlička, Milan, Meyer, Sophie, Mihovilić, Kristina, Milasinovic, Lidija, Minnitt, Steve, Moore, Joanna, Morley, Geoff, Mullan, Graham, Musilová, Margaréta, Neil, Benjamin, Nicholls, Rebecca, Novak, Mario, Pala, Maria, Papworth, Martin, Paresys, Cécile, Patten, Ricky, Perkić, Domagoj, Pesti, Krisztina, Petit, Alba, Petriščáková, Katarína, Pichon, Coline, Pickard, Catriona, Pilling, Zoltán, Price, T. Douglas, Radović, Siniša, Redfern, Rebecca, Resutík, Branislav, Rhodes, Daniel T., Richards, Martin B., Roberts, Amy, Roefstra, Jean, Sankot, Pavel, Šefčáková, Alena, Sheridan, Alison, Skae, Sabine, Šmolíková, Miroslava, Somogyi, Krisztina, Somogyvári, Ágnes, Stephens, Mark, Szabó, Géza, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamás, Tabor, Jonathan, Tankó, Károly, Maria, Clenis Tavarez, Terry, Rachel, Teržan, Biba, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Torres-Martínez, Jesús F., Trapp, Julien, Turle, Ross, Ujvári, Ferenc, van der Heiden, Menno, Veleminsky, Petr, Veselka, Barbara, Vytlačil, Zdeněk, Waddington, Clive, Ware, Paula, Wilkinson, Paul, Wilson, Linda, Wiseman, Rob, Young, Eilidh, Zaninović, Joško, Žitňan, Andrej, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, de Knijff, Peter, Barnes, Ian, Halkon, Peter, Thomas, Mark G., Kennett, Douglas J., Cunliffe, Barry, Lillie, Malcolm, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, Armit, Ian, and Reich, David
Abstract: Present-day people from England and Wales harbour more ancestry derived from Early European Farmers (EEF) than people of the Early Bronze Age1. To understand this, we generated genome-wide data from 793 individuals, increasing data from the Middle to Late Bronze and Iron Age in Britain by 12-fold, and Western and Central Europe by 3.5-fold. Between 1000 and 875 BC, EEF ancestry increased in southern Britain (England and Wales) but not northern Britain (Scotland) due to incorporation of migrants who arrived at this time and over previous centuries, and who were genetically most similar to ancient individuals from France. These migrants contributed about half the ancestry of Iron Age people of England and Wales, thereby creating a plausible vector for the spread of early Celtic languages into Britain. These patterns are part of a broader trend of EEF ancestry becoming more similar across central and western Europe in the Middle to Late Bronze Age, coincident with archaeological evidence of intensified cultural exchange2-6. There was comparatively less gene flow from continental Europe during the Iron Age, and Britain's independent genetic trajectory is also reflected in the rise of the allele conferring lactase persistence to ~50% by this time compared to ~7% in central Europe where it rose rapidly in frequency only a millennium later. This suggests that dairy products were used in qualitatively different ways in Britain and in central Europe over this period.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

8. Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age

Author: Patterson, Nick, Isakov, Michael, Booth, Thomas, Buster, Lindsey, Fischer, Claire-Elise, Olalde, Inigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Akbari, Ali, Cheronet, Olivia, Bleasdale, Madeleine, Adamski, Nicole, Altena, Eveline, Bernardos, Rebecca, Brace, Selina, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Candilio, Francesca, Culleton, Brendan, Curtis, Elizabeth, Demetz, Lea, Duffett Carlson, Kellie Sara, Edwards, Ceiridwen J., Fernandes, Daniel M., Foody, M. George B., Freilich, Suzanne, Goodchild, Helen, Kearns, Aisling, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazaridis, Iosif, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Bravo Morante, Guillermo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Ozdogan, Kadir Toykan, Qiu, Lijun, Schattke, Constanze, Stewardson, Kristin, Workman, J. Noah, Zalzala, Fatma, Zhang, Zhao, Agusti, Bibiana, Allen, Tim, Almassy, Katalin, Amkreutz, Luc, Ash, Abigail, Baillif-Ducros, Christele, Barclay, Alistair, Bartosiewicz, László, Baxter, Katherine, Bernert, Zsolt, Blazek, Jan, Bodruzic, Mario, Boissinot, Philippe, Bonsall, Clive, Bradley, Pippa, Brittain, Marcus, Brookes, Alison, Brown, Fraser, Brown, Lisa, Brunning, Richard, Budd, Chelsea, Burmaz, Josip, Canet, Sylvain, Carnicero-Caceres, Silvia, Causevic-Bully, Morana, Chamberlain, Andrew, Chauvin, Sebastien, Clough, Sharon, Condic, Natalija, Coppa, Alfredo, Craig, Oliver, Cresnar, Matija, Cummings, Vicki, Czifra, Szabolcs, Danielisova, Alzbeta, Daniels, Robin, Davies, Alex, de Jersey, Philip, Deacon, Jody, Deminger, Csilla, Ditchfield, Peter W., Dizdar, Marko, Dobes, Miroslav, Dobisikova, Miluse, Domboroczki, Laszlo, Drinkall, Gail, Dukic, Ana, Ernee, Michal, Evans, Christopher, Evans, Jane, Fernandez-Gotz, Manuel, Filipovic, Slavica, Fitzpatrick, Andrew, Fokkens, Harry, Fowler, Chris, Fox, Allison, Gallina, Zsolt, Gamble, Michelle, Gonzalez Morales, Manuel R., Gonzalez-Rabanal, Borja, Green, Adrian, Gyenesei, Katalin, Habermehl, Diederick, Hajdu, Tamas, Hamilton, Derek, Harris, James, Hayden, Chris, Hendriks, Joep, Hernu, Benedicte, Hey, Gill, Hornak, Milan, Ilon, Gabor, Istvanovits, Eszter, Jones, Andy M., Blecic Kavur, Martina, Kazek, Kevin, Kenyon, Robert A., Khreisheh, Amal, Kiss, Viktoria, Kleijne, Jos, Knight, Mark, Kootker, Lisette M., Kovacs, Peter F., Kozubova, Anita, Kulcsar, Gabriella, Kulcsar, Valeria, Le Pennec, Christophe, Legge, Michael, Leivers, Matt, Loe, Louise, Lopez-Costas, Olalla, Lord, Tom, Los, Dzeni, Lyall, James, Marin-Arroyo, Ana B., Mason, Philip, Matosevic, Damir, Maxted, Andy, McIntyre, Lauren, McKinley, Jacqueline, McSweeney, Kathleen, Meijlink, Bernard, Mende, Balazs G., Mendusic, Marko, Metlicka, Milan, Meyer, Sophie, Mihovilic, Kristina, Milasinovic, Lidija, Minnitt, Steve, Moore, Joanna, Morley, Geoff, Mullan, Graham, Musilova, Margareta, Neil, Benjamin, Nicholls, Rebecca, Novak, Mario, Pala, Maria, Papworth, Martin, Paresys, Cecile, Patten, Ricky, Perkic, Domagoj, Pesti, Krisztina, Petit, Alba, Petrisakova, Katarina, Pichon, Coline, Pickard, Catriona, Pilling, Zoltan, Price, T. Douglas, Radovic, Sinisa, Redfern, Rebecca, Resutik, Branislav, Rhodes, Daniel T., Richards, Martin B., Roberts, Amy, Roefstra, Jean, Sankot, Pavel, Sefcakova, Alena, Sheridan, Alison, Skae, Sabine, Smolikova, Miroslava, Somogyi, Krisztina, Somogyvari, Agnes, Stephens, Mark, Szabo, Geza, Szecsenyi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamas, Tabor, Jonathan, Tanko, Karoly, Tavarez Maria, Clenis, Terry, Rachel, Terzan, Biba, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Torres-Martinez, Jesus F., Trapp, Julien, Turle, Ross, Ujvari, Ferenc, van der Heiden, Menno, Veleminsky, Petr, Veselka, Barbara, Vytlacil, Zdenek, Waddington, Clive, Ware, Paula, Wilkinson, Paul, Wilson, Linda, Wiseman, Rob, Young, Eilidh, Zaninovic, Josko, Zitnan, Andrej, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, de Knijff, Peter, Barnes, Ian, Halkon, Peter, Thomas, Mark G., Kennett, Douglas J., Cunliffe, Barry, Lillie, Malcolm, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, Armit, Ian, Reich, David, Patterson, Nick, Isakov, Michael, Booth, Thomas, Buster, Lindsey, Fischer, Claire-Elise, Olalde, Inigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Akbari, Ali, Cheronet, Olivia, Bleasdale, Madeleine, Adamski, Nicole, Altena, Eveline, Bernardos, Rebecca, Brace, Selina, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Candilio, Francesca, Culleton, Brendan, Curtis, Elizabeth, Demetz, Lea, Duffett Carlson, Kellie Sara, Edwards, Ceiridwen J., Fernandes, Daniel M., Foody, M. George B., Freilich, Suzanne, Goodchild, Helen, Kearns, Aisling, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazaridis, Iosif, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Bravo Morante, Guillermo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Ozdogan, Kadir Toykan, Qiu, Lijun, Schattke, Constanze, Stewardson, Kristin, Workman, J. Noah, Zalzala, Fatma, Zhang, Zhao, Agusti, Bibiana, Allen, Tim, Almassy, Katalin, Amkreutz, Luc, Ash, Abigail, Baillif-Ducros, Christele, Barclay, Alistair, Bartosiewicz, László, Baxter, Katherine, Bernert, Zsolt, Blazek, Jan, Bodruzic, Mario, Boissinot, Philippe, Bonsall, Clive, Bradley, Pippa, Brittain, Marcus, Brookes, Alison, Brown, Fraser, Brown, Lisa, Brunning, Richard, Budd, Chelsea, Burmaz, Josip, Canet, Sylvain, Carnicero-Caceres, Silvia, Causevic-Bully, Morana, Chamberlain, Andrew, Chauvin, Sebastien, Clough, Sharon, Condic, Natalija, Coppa, Alfredo, Craig, Oliver, Cresnar, Matija, Cummings, Vicki, Czifra, Szabolcs, Danielisova, Alzbeta, Daniels, Robin, Davies, Alex, de Jersey, Philip, Deacon, Jody, Deminger, Csilla, Ditchfield, Peter W., Dizdar, Marko, Dobes, Miroslav, Dobisikova, Miluse, Domboroczki, Laszlo, Drinkall, Gail, Dukic, Ana, Ernee, Michal, Evans, Christopher, Evans, Jane, Fernandez-Gotz, Manuel, Filipovic, Slavica, Fitzpatrick, Andrew, Fokkens, Harry, Fowler, Chris, Fox, Allison, Gallina, Zsolt, Gamble, Michelle, Gonzalez Morales, Manuel R., Gonzalez-Rabanal, Borja, Green, Adrian, Gyenesei, Katalin, Habermehl, Diederick, Hajdu, Tamas, Hamilton, Derek, Harris, James, Hayden, Chris, Hendriks, Joep, Hernu, Benedicte, Hey, Gill, Hornak, Milan, Ilon, Gabor, Istvanovits, Eszter, Jones, Andy M., Blecic Kavur, Martina, Kazek, Kevin, Kenyon, Robert A., Khreisheh, Amal, Kiss, Viktoria, Kleijne, Jos, Knight, Mark, Kootker, Lisette M., Kovacs, Peter F., Kozubova, Anita, Kulcsar, Gabriella, Kulcsar, Valeria, Le Pennec, Christophe, Legge, Michael, Leivers, Matt, Loe, Louise, Lopez-Costas, Olalla, Lord, Tom, Los, Dzeni, Lyall, James, Marin-Arroyo, Ana B., Mason, Philip, Matosevic, Damir, Maxted, Andy, McIntyre, Lauren, McKinley, Jacqueline, McSweeney, Kathleen, Meijlink, Bernard, Mende, Balazs G., Mendusic, Marko, Metlicka, Milan, Meyer, Sophie, Mihovilic, Kristina, Milasinovic, Lidija, Minnitt, Steve, Moore, Joanna, Morley, Geoff, Mullan, Graham, Musilova, Margareta, Neil, Benjamin, Nicholls, Rebecca, Novak, Mario, Pala, Maria, Papworth, Martin, Paresys, Cecile, Patten, Ricky, Perkic, Domagoj, Pesti, Krisztina, Petit, Alba, Petrisakova, Katarina, Pichon, Coline, Pickard, Catriona, Pilling, Zoltan, Price, T. Douglas, Radovic, Sinisa, Redfern, Rebecca, Resutik, Branislav, Rhodes, Daniel T., Richards, Martin B., Roberts, Amy, Roefstra, Jean, Sankot, Pavel, Sefcakova, Alena, Sheridan, Alison, Skae, Sabine, Smolikova, Miroslava, Somogyi, Krisztina, Somogyvari, Agnes, Stephens, Mark, Szabo, Geza, Szecsenyi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamas, Tabor, Jonathan, Tanko, Karoly, Tavarez Maria, Clenis, Terry, Rachel, Terzan, Biba, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Torres-Martinez, Jesus F., Trapp, Julien, Turle, Ross, Ujvari, Ferenc, van der Heiden, Menno, Veleminsky, Petr, Veselka, Barbara, Vytlacil, Zdenek, Waddington, Clive, Ware, Paula, Wilkinson, Paul, Wilson, Linda, Wiseman, Rob, Young, Eilidh, Zaninovic, Josko, Zitnan, Andrej, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, de Knijff, Peter, Barnes, Ian, Halkon, Peter, Thomas, Mark G., Kennett, Douglas J., Cunliffe, Barry, Lillie, Malcolm, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, Armit, Ian, and Reich, David
Abstract: Present-day people from England and Wales have more ancestry derived from early European farmers (EEF) than did people of the Early Bronze Age(1). To understand this, here we generated genome-wide data from 793 individuals, increasing data from the Middle to the Late Bronze Age and Iron Age in Britain by 12-fold, and western and central Europe by 3.5-fold. Between 1000 and 875 bc, EEF ancestry increased in southern Britain (England and Wales) but not northern Britain (Scotland) due to incorporation of migrants who arrived at this time and over previous centuries, and who were genetically most similar to ancient individuals from France. These migrants contributed about half the ancestry of people of England and Wales from the Iron Age, thereby creating a plausible vector for the spread of early Celtic languages into Britain. These patterns are part of a broader trend of EEF ancestry becoming more similar across central and western Europe in the Middle to the Late Bronze Age, coincident with archaeological evidence of intensified cultural exchange(2-6). There was comparatively less gene flow from continental Europe during the Iron Age, and the independent genetic trajectory in Britain is also reflected in the rise of the allele conferring lactase persistence to approximately 50% by this time compared to approximately 7% in central Europe where it rose rapidly in frequency only a millennium later. This suggests that dairy products were used in qualitatively different ways in Britain and in central Europe over this period.
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

9. Author Correction: The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool

Author: Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J., Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Åshild J., Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S. Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H. S., Radzeviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Bager, Martina Abenhus, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Michel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J., Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Clausen, Jane Jark, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuart, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M., Roberts, Amy V., Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C., Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I., Booth, Tom, Schroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G., Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B., Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, Schiffels, Stephan, Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J., Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Åshild J., Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S. Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H. S., Radzeviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Bager, Martina Abenhus, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Michel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J., Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Clausen, Jane Jark, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuart, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M., Roberts, Amy V., Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C., Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I., Booth, Tom, Schroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G., Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B., Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, and Schiffels, Stephan
Published: 2022

10. Author Correction: The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool

Author: Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J., Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Åshild J., Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S. Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H. S., Radzeviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Bager, Martina Abenhus, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Michel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J., Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Clausen, Jane Jark, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuart, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M., Roberts, Amy V., Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C., Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I., Booth, Tom, Schroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G., Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B., Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, Schiffels, Stephan, Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J., Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Åshild J., Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S. Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H. S., Radzeviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Bager, Martina Abenhus, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Michel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J., Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Clausen, Jane Jark, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuart, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M., Roberts, Amy V., Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C., Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I., Booth, Tom, Schroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G., Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B., Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, and Schiffels, Stephan
Published: 2022

11. Author Correction: The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool

Author: Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J., Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Åshild J., Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S. Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H. S., Radzeviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Bager, Martina Abenhus, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Michel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J., Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Clausen, Jane Jark, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuart, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M., Roberts, Amy V., Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C., Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I., Booth, Tom, Schroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G., Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B., Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, Schiffels, Stephan, Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J., Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Åshild J., Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S. Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H. S., Radzeviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Bager, Martina Abenhus, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Michel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J., Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Clausen, Jane Jark, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuart, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M., Roberts, Amy V., Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C., Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I., Booth, Tom, Schroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G., Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B., Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, and Schiffels, Stephan
Published: 2022

12. Genome-wide data from medieval German Jews show that the Ashkenazi founder event pre-dated the 14th century

Author: Zoología y biología celular animal, Zoologia eta animalia zelulen biologia, Waldman, Shamam, Backenroth, Daniel, Harney, Eadaoin, Flohr, Stefan, Neff, Nadia C., Buckley, Gina M., Fridman, Hila, Akbari, Ali, Rohland, Nadin, Mallick, Swapan, Olalde Marquínez, Iñigo, Cooper, Leo, Lomes, Ariel, Lipson, Joshua, Cano Nistal, Jorge, Yu, Jin, Barzilai, Nir, Peter, Inga, Atzmon, Gil, Ostrer, Harry, Lencz, Todd, Maruvka, Yosef E., Lammerhirt, Maike, Beider, Alexander, Rutgers, Leonard V., Renson, Virginie, Prufer, Keith M., Schiffels, Stephan, Ringbauer, Harald, Sczech, Karin, Carmi, Shai, Reich, David, Zoología y biología celular animal, Zoologia eta animalia zelulen biologia, Waldman, Shamam, Backenroth, Daniel, Harney, Eadaoin, Flohr, Stefan, Neff, Nadia C., Buckley, Gina M., Fridman, Hila, Akbari, Ali, Rohland, Nadin, Mallick, Swapan, Olalde Marquínez, Iñigo, Cooper, Leo, Lomes, Ariel, Lipson, Joshua, Cano Nistal, Jorge, Yu, Jin, Barzilai, Nir, Peter, Inga, Atzmon, Gil, Ostrer, Harry, Lencz, Todd, Maruvka, Yosef E., Lammerhirt, Maike, Beider, Alexander, Rutgers, Leonard V., Renson, Virginie, Prufer, Keith M., Schiffels, Stephan, Ringbauer, Harald, Sczech, Karin, Carmi, Shai, and Reich, David
Abstract: We report genome-wide data from 33 Ashkenazi Jews (AJ), dated to the 14th century, obtained following a salvage excavation at the medieval Jewish cemetery of Erfurt, Germany. The Erfurt individuals are genet-ically similar to modern AJ, but they show more variability in Eastern European-related ancestry than mod-ern AJ. A third of the Erfurt individuals carried a mitochondrial lineage common in modern AJ and eight carried pathogenic variants known to affect AJ today. These observations, together with high levels of runs of homozygosity, suggest that the Erfurt community had already experienced the major reduction in size that affected modern AJ. The Erfurt bottleneck was more severe, implying substructure in medieval AJ. Overall, our results suggest that the AJ founder event and the acquisition of the main sources of ancestry pre-dated the 14th century and highlight late medieval genetic heterogeneity no longer present in modern AJ.
Published: 2022

13. Ancient DNA from Mesopotamia suggests distinct Pre-Pottery and Pottery Neolithic migrations into Anatolia

Author: Lazaridis, Iosif, Alpaslan-Roodenberg, Songül, Acar, Ayşe, Açıkkol, Ayşen, Agelarakis, Anagnostis, Aghikyan, Levon, Akyüz, Uğur, Andreeva, Desislava, Andrijašević, Gojko, Antonović, Dragana, Armit, Ian, Atmaca, Alper, Avetisyan, Pavel, Aytek, Ahmet İhsan, Bacvarov, Krum, Badalyan, Ruben, Bakardzhiev, Stefan, Balen, Jacqueline, Bejko, Lorenc, Bernardos, Rebecca, Bertsatos, Andreas, Biber, Hanifi, Bilir, Ahmet, Bodružić, Mario, Bonogofsky, Michelle, Bonsall, Clive, Borić, Dušan, Borovinić, Nikola, Bravo Morante, Guillermo, Buttinger, Katharina, Callan, Kim, Candilio, Francesca, Carić, Mario, Cheronet, Olivia, Chohadzhiev, Stefan, Chovalopoulou, Maria-Eleni, Chryssoulaki, Stella, Ciobanu, Ion, Čondić, Natalija, Constantinescu, Mihai, Cristiani, Emanuela, Culleton, Brendan J., Curtis, Elizabeth, Davis, Jack, Demcenco, Tatiana I., Dergachev, Valentin, Derin, Zafer, Deskaj, Sylvia, Devejyan, Seda, Djordjević, Vojislav, Duffett Carlson, Kellie Sara, Eccles, Laurie R., Elenski, Nedko, Engin, Atilla, Erdoğan, Nihat, Erir-Pazarcı, Sabiha, Fernandes, Daniel M., Ferry, Matthew, Freilich, Suzanne, Frînculeasa, Alin, Galaty, Michael L., Gamarra, Beatriz, Gasparyan, Boris, Gaydarska, Bisserka, Genç, Elif, Gültekin, Timur, Gündüz, Serkan, Hajdu, Tamás, Heyd, Volker, Hobosyan, Suren, Hovhannisyan, Nelli, Iliev, Iliya, Iliev, Lora, Iliev, Stanislav, İvgin, İlkay, Janković, Ivor, Jovanova, Lence, Karkanas, Panagiotis, Kavaz-Kındığılı, Berna, Kaya, Esra Hilal, Keating, Denise, Kennett, Douglas J., Deniz Kesici, Seda, Khudaverdyan, Anahit, Kiss, Krisztián, Kılıç, Sinan, Klostermann, Paul, Kostak Boca Negra Valdes, Sinem, Kovačević, Saša, Krenz-Niedbała, Marta, Krznarić Škrivanko, Maja, Kurti, Rovena, Kuzman, Pasko, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazar, Catalin, Leshtakov, Krassimir, Levy, Thomas E., Liritzis, Ioannis, Lorentz, Kirsi O., Łukasik, Sylwia, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Martirosyan-Olshansky, Kristine, Matthews, Roger, Matthews, Wendy, McSweeney, Kathleen, Melikyan, Varduhi, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Milašinović, Lidija, Mittnik, Alissa, Monge, Janet M., Nekhrizov, Georgi, Nicholls, Rebecca, Nikitin, Alexey G., Nikolov, Vassil, Novak, Mario, Olalde, Iñigo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Osterholtz, Anna, Özdemir, Celal, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Öztürk, Nurettin, Papadimitriou, Nikos, Papakonstantinou, Niki, Papathanasiou, Anastasia, Paraman, Lujana, Paskary, Evgeny G., Patterson, Nick, Petrakiev, Ilian, Petrosyan, Levon, Petrova, Vanya, Philippa-Touchais, Anna, Piliposyan, Ashot, Pocuca Kuzman, Nada, Potrebica, Hrvoje, Preda-Bălănică, Bianca, Premužić, Zrinka, Price, T. Douglas, Qiu, Lijun, Radović, Siniša, Raeuf Aziz, Kamal, Rajić Šikanjić, Petra, Rasheed Raheem, Kamal, Razumov, Sergei, Richardson, Amy, Roodenberg, Jacob, Ruka, Rudenc, Russeva, Victoria, Şahin, Mustafa, Şarbak, Ayşegül, Savaş, Emre, Schattke, Constanze, Schepartz, Lynne, Selçuk, Tayfun, Sevim-Erol, Ayla, Shamoon-Pour, Michel, Shephard, Henry M., Sideris, Athanasios, Simalcsik, Angela, Simonyan, Hakob, Sinika, Vitalij, Sirak, Kendra, Sirbu, Ghenadie, Šlaus, Mario, Soficaru, Andrei, Söğüt, Bilal, Sołtysiak, Arkadiusz, Sönmez-Sözer, Çilem, Stathi, Maria, Steskal, Martin, Stewardson, Kristin, Stocker, Sharon, Suata-Alpaslan, Fadime, Suvorov, Alexander, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamás, Telnov, Nikolai, Temov, Strahil, Todorova, Nadezhda, Tota, Ulsi, Touchais, Gilles, Triantaphyllou, Sevi, Türker, Atila, Ugarković, Marina, Valchev, Todor, Veljanovska, Fanica, Videvski, Zlatko, Virag, Cristian, Wagner, Anna, Walsh, Samantha, Włodarczak, Piotr, Workman, J. Noah, Yardumian, Aram, Yarovoy, Evgenii, Yavuz, Alper Yener, Yılmaz, Hakan, Zalzala, Fatma, Zettl, Anna, Zhang, Zhao, Çavuşoğlu, Rafet, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, Reich, David, Lazaridis, Iosif, Alpaslan-Roodenberg, Songül, Acar, Ayşe, Açıkkol, Ayşen, Agelarakis, Anagnostis, Aghikyan, Levon, Akyüz, Uğur, Andreeva, Desislava, Andrijašević, Gojko, Antonović, Dragana, Armit, Ian, Atmaca, Alper, Avetisyan, Pavel, Aytek, Ahmet İhsan, Bacvarov, Krum, Badalyan, Ruben, Bakardzhiev, Stefan, Balen, Jacqueline, Bejko, Lorenc, Bernardos, Rebecca, Bertsatos, Andreas, Biber, Hanifi, Bilir, Ahmet, Bodružić, Mario, Bonogofsky, Michelle, Bonsall, Clive, Borić, Dušan, Borovinić, Nikola, Bravo Morante, Guillermo, Buttinger, Katharina, Callan, Kim, Candilio, Francesca, Carić, Mario, Cheronet, Olivia, Chohadzhiev, Stefan, Chovalopoulou, Maria-Eleni, Chryssoulaki, Stella, Ciobanu, Ion, Čondić, Natalija, Constantinescu, Mihai, Cristiani, Emanuela, Culleton, Brendan J., Curtis, Elizabeth, Davis, Jack, Demcenco, Tatiana I., Dergachev, Valentin, Derin, Zafer, Deskaj, Sylvia, Devejyan, Seda, Djordjević, Vojislav, Duffett Carlson, Kellie Sara, Eccles, Laurie R., Elenski, Nedko, Engin, Atilla, Erdoğan, Nihat, Erir-Pazarcı, Sabiha, Fernandes, Daniel M., Ferry, Matthew, Freilich, Suzanne, Frînculeasa, Alin, Galaty, Michael L., Gamarra, Beatriz, Gasparyan, Boris, Gaydarska, Bisserka, Genç, Elif, Gültekin, Timur, Gündüz, Serkan, Hajdu, Tamás, Heyd, Volker, Hobosyan, Suren, Hovhannisyan, Nelli, Iliev, Iliya, Iliev, Lora, Iliev, Stanislav, İvgin, İlkay, Janković, Ivor, Jovanova, Lence, Karkanas, Panagiotis, Kavaz-Kındığılı, Berna, Kaya, Esra Hilal, Keating, Denise, Kennett, Douglas J., Deniz Kesici, Seda, Khudaverdyan, Anahit, Kiss, Krisztián, Kılıç, Sinan, Klostermann, Paul, Kostak Boca Negra Valdes, Sinem, Kovačević, Saša, Krenz-Niedbała, Marta, Krznarić Škrivanko, Maja, Kurti, Rovena, Kuzman, Pasko, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazar, Catalin, Leshtakov, Krassimir, Levy, Thomas E., Liritzis, Ioannis, Lorentz, Kirsi O., Łukasik, Sylwia, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Martirosyan-Olshansky, Kristine, Matthews, Roger, Matthews, Wendy, McSweeney, Kathleen, Melikyan, Varduhi, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Milašinović, Lidija, Mittnik, Alissa, Monge, Janet M., Nekhrizov, Georgi, Nicholls, Rebecca, Nikitin, Alexey G., Nikolov, Vassil, Novak, Mario, Olalde, Iñigo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Osterholtz, Anna, Özdemir, Celal, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Öztürk, Nurettin, Papadimitriou, Nikos, Papakonstantinou, Niki, Papathanasiou, Anastasia, Paraman, Lujana, Paskary, Evgeny G., Patterson, Nick, Petrakiev, Ilian, Petrosyan, Levon, Petrova, Vanya, Philippa-Touchais, Anna, Piliposyan, Ashot, Pocuca Kuzman, Nada, Potrebica, Hrvoje, Preda-Bălănică, Bianca, Premužić, Zrinka, Price, T. Douglas, Qiu, Lijun, Radović, Siniša, Raeuf Aziz, Kamal, Rajić Šikanjić, Petra, Rasheed Raheem, Kamal, Razumov, Sergei, Richardson, Amy, Roodenberg, Jacob, Ruka, Rudenc, Russeva, Victoria, Şahin, Mustafa, Şarbak, Ayşegül, Savaş, Emre, Schattke, Constanze, Schepartz, Lynne, Selçuk, Tayfun, Sevim-Erol, Ayla, Shamoon-Pour, Michel, Shephard, Henry M., Sideris, Athanasios, Simalcsik, Angela, Simonyan, Hakob, Sinika, Vitalij, Sirak, Kendra, Sirbu, Ghenadie, Šlaus, Mario, Soficaru, Andrei, Söğüt, Bilal, Sołtysiak, Arkadiusz, Sönmez-Sözer, Çilem, Stathi, Maria, Steskal, Martin, Stewardson, Kristin, Stocker, Sharon, Suata-Alpaslan, Fadime, Suvorov, Alexander, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamás, Telnov, Nikolai, Temov, Strahil, Todorova, Nadezhda, Tota, Ulsi, Touchais, Gilles, Triantaphyllou, Sevi, Türker, Atila, Ugarković, Marina, Valchev, Todor, Veljanovska, Fanica, Videvski, Zlatko, Virag, Cristian, Wagner, Anna, Walsh, Samantha, Włodarczak, Piotr, Workman, J. Noah, Yardumian, Aram, Yarovoy, Evgenii, Yavuz, Alper Yener, Yılmaz, Hakan, Zalzala, Fatma, Zettl, Anna, Zhang, Zhao, Çavuşoğlu, Rafet, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, and Reich, David
Abstract: We present the first ancient DNA data from the Pre-Pottery Neolithic of Mesopotamia (Southeastern Turkey and Northern Iraq), Cyprus, and the Northwestern Zagros, along with the first data from Neolithic Armenia. We show that these and neighboring populations were formed through admixture of pre-Neolithic sources related to Anatolian, Caucasus, and Levantine hunter-gatherers, forming a Neolithic continuum of ancestry mirroring the geography of West Asia. By analyzing Pre-Pottery and Pottery Neolithic populations of Anatolia, we show that the former were derived from admixture between Mesopotamian-related and local Epipaleolithic-related sources, but the latter experienced additional Levantine-related gene flow, thus documenting at least two pulses of migration from the Fertile Crescent heartland to the early farmers of Anatolia.
Published: 2022

14. Author Correction: The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool

Author: Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Åshild J, Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H S, Radzeviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Bager, Martina Abenhus, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Michel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J, Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Clausen, Jane Jark, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuart, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M, Roberts, Amy V, Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C, Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I, Booth, Tom, Schroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G, Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B, Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, Schiffels, Stephan, Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Åshild J, Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H S, Radzeviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Bager, Martina Abenhus, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Michel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J, Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Clausen, Jane Jark, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuart, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M, Roberts, Amy V, Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C, Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I, Booth, Tom, Schroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G, Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B, Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, and Schiffels, Stephan
Abstract: See original record.
Published: 2022

15. The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool

Author: Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceridwen J, Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Ashild J, Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H S, Radzviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Abenhus Bager, Martina, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Mcihel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J, Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Jark Clausen, Jane, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuard, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M, Roberts, Amy V, Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C, Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I, Booth, Tom, Shcroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G, Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B, Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, Schiffels, Stephan, Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceridwen J, Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Ashild J, Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H S, Radzviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Abenhus Bager, Martina, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Mcihel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J, Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Jark Clausen, Jane, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuard, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M, Roberts, Amy V, Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C, Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I, Booth, Tom, Shcroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G, Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B, Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, and Schiffels, Stephan
Abstract: The history of the British Isles and Ireland is characterized by multiple periods of major cultural change, including the influential transformation after the end of Roman rule, which precipitated shifts in language, settlement patterns and material culture1. The extent to which migration from continental Europe mediated these transitions is a matter of long-standing debate2,3,4. Here we study genome-wide ancient DNA from 460 medieval northwestern Europeans—including 278 individuals from England—alongside archaeological data, to infer contemporary population dynamics. We identify a substantial increase of continental northern European ancestry in early medieval England, which is closely related to the early medieval and present-day inhabitants of Germany and Denmark, implying large-scale substantial migration across the North Sea into Britain during the Early Middle Ages. As a result, the individuals who we analysed from eastern England derived up to 76% of their ancestry from the continental North Sea zone, albeit with substantial regional variation and heterogeneity within sites. We show that women with immigrant ancestry were more often furnished with grave goods than women with local ancestry, whereas men with weapons were as likely not to be of immigrant ancestry. A comparison with present-day Britain indicates that subsequent demographic events reduced the fraction of continental northern European ancestry while introducing further ancestry components into the English gene pool, including substantial southwestern European ancestry most closely related to that seen in Iron Age France5,6.
Published: 2022

16. Ancient DNA from Mesopotamia suggests distinct Pre-Pottery and Pottery Neolithic migrations into Anatolia

Author: Lazaridis, Iosif, Alpaslan-Roodenberg, Songül, Acar, Ayşe, Açıkkol, Ayşen, Agelarakis, Anagnostis, Aghikyan, Levon, Akyüz, Uğur, Andreeva, Desislava, Andrijašević, Gojko, Antonović, Dragana, Armit, Ian, Atmaca, Alper, Avetisyan, Pavel, Aytek, Ahmet İhsan, Bacvarov, Krum, Badalyan, Ruben, Bakardzhiev, Stefan, Balen, Jacqueline, Bejko, Lorenc, Bernardos, Rebecca, Bertsatos, Andreas, Biber, Hanifi, Bilir, Ahmet, Bodružić, Mario, Bonogofsky, Michelle, Bonsall, Clive, Borić, Dušan, Borovinić, Nikola, Bravo Morante, Guillermo, Buttinger, Katharina, Callan, Kim, Candilio, Francesca, Carić, Mario, Cheronet, Olivia, Chohadzhiev, Stefan, Chovalopoulou, Maria-Eleni, Chryssoulaki, Stella, Ciobanu, Ion, Čondić, Natalija, Constantinescu, Mihai, Cristiani, Emanuela, Culleton, Brendan J., Curtis, Elizabeth, Davis, Jack, Demcenco, Tatiana I., Dergachev, Valentin, Derin, Zafer, Deskaj, Sylvia, Devejyan, Seda, Djordjević, Vojislav, Duffett Carlson, Kellie Sara, Eccles, Laurie R., Elenski, Nedko, Engin, Atilla, Erdoğan, Nihat, Erir-Pazarcı, Sabiha, Fernandes, Daniel M., Ferry, Matthew, Freilich, Suzanne, Frînculeasa, Alin, Galaty, Michael L., Gamarra, Beatriz, Gasparyan, Boris, Gaydarska, Bisserka, Genç, Elif, Gültekin, Timur, Gündüz, Serkan, Hajdu, Tamás, Heyd, Volker, Hobosyan, Suren, Hovhannisyan, Nelli, Iliev, Iliya, Iliev, Lora, Iliev, Stanislav, İvgin, İlkay, Janković, Ivor, Jovanova, Lence, Karkanas, Panagiotis, Kavaz-Kındığılı, Berna, Kaya, Esra Hilal, Keating, Denise, Kennett, Douglas J., Deniz Kesici, Seda, Khudaverdyan, Anahit, Kiss, Krisztián, Kılıç, Sinan, Klostermann, Paul, Kostak Boca Negra Valdes, Sinem, Kovačević, Saša, Krenz-Niedbała, Marta, Krznarić Škrivanko, Maja, Kurti, Rovena, Kuzman, Pasko, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazar, Catalin, Leshtakov, Krassimir, Levy, Thomas E., Liritzis, Ioannis, Lorentz, Kirsi O., Łukasik, Sylwia, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Martirosyan-Olshansky, Kristine, Matthews, Roger, Matthews, Wendy, McSweeney, Kathleen, Melikyan, Varduhi, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Milašinović, Lidija, Mittnik, Alissa, Monge, Janet M., Nekhrizov, Georgi, Nicholls, Rebecca, Nikitin, Alexey G., Nikolov, Vassil, Novak, Mario, Olalde, Iñigo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Osterholtz, Anna, Özdemir, Celal, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Öztürk, Nurettin, Papadimitriou, Nikos, Papakonstantinou, Niki, Papathanasiou, Anastasia, Paraman, Lujana, Paskary, Evgeny G., Patterson, Nick, Petrakiev, Ilian, Petrosyan, Levon, Petrova, Vanya, Philippa-Touchais, Anna, Piliposyan, Ashot, Pocuca Kuzman, Nada, Potrebica, Hrvoje, Preda-Bălănică, Bianca, Premužić, Zrinka, Price, T. Douglas, Qiu, Lijun, Radović, Siniša, Raeuf Aziz, Kamal, Rajić Šikanjić, Petra, Rasheed Raheem, Kamal, Razumov, Sergei, Richardson, Amy, Roodenberg, Jacob, Ruka, Rudenc, Russeva, Victoria, Şahin, Mustafa, Şarbak, Ayşegül, Savaş, Emre, Schattke, Constanze, Schepartz, Lynne, Selçuk, Tayfun, Sevim-Erol, Ayla, Shamoon-Pour, Michel, Shephard, Henry M., Sideris, Athanasios, Simalcsik, Angela, Simonyan, Hakob, Sinika, Vitalij, Sirak, Kendra, Sirbu, Ghenadie, Šlaus, Mario, Soficaru, Andrei, Söğüt, Bilal, Sołtysiak, Arkadiusz, Sönmez-Sözer, Çilem, Stathi, Maria, Steskal, Martin, Stewardson, Kristin, Stocker, Sharon, Suata-Alpaslan, Fadime, Suvorov, Alexander, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamás, Telnov, Nikolai, Temov, Strahil, Todorova, Nadezhda, Tota, Ulsi, Touchais, Gilles, Triantaphyllou, Sevi, Türker, Atila, Ugarković, Marina, Valchev, Todor, Veljanovska, Fanica, Videvski, Zlatko, Virag, Cristian, Wagner, Anna, Walsh, Samantha, Włodarczak, Piotr, Workman, J. Noah, Yardumian, Aram, Yarovoy, Evgenii, Yavuz, Alper Yener, Yılmaz, Hakan, Zalzala, Fatma, Zettl, Anna, Zhang, Zhao, Çavuşoğlu, Rafet, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, Reich, David, Lazaridis, Iosif, Alpaslan-Roodenberg, Songül, Acar, Ayşe, Açıkkol, Ayşen, Agelarakis, Anagnostis, Aghikyan, Levon, Akyüz, Uğur, Andreeva, Desislava, Andrijašević, Gojko, Antonović, Dragana, Armit, Ian, Atmaca, Alper, Avetisyan, Pavel, Aytek, Ahmet İhsan, Bacvarov, Krum, Badalyan, Ruben, Bakardzhiev, Stefan, Balen, Jacqueline, Bejko, Lorenc, Bernardos, Rebecca, Bertsatos, Andreas, Biber, Hanifi, Bilir, Ahmet, Bodružić, Mario, Bonogofsky, Michelle, Bonsall, Clive, Borić, Dušan, Borovinić, Nikola, Bravo Morante, Guillermo, Buttinger, Katharina, Callan, Kim, Candilio, Francesca, Carić, Mario, Cheronet, Olivia, Chohadzhiev, Stefan, Chovalopoulou, Maria-Eleni, Chryssoulaki, Stella, Ciobanu, Ion, Čondić, Natalija, Constantinescu, Mihai, Cristiani, Emanuela, Culleton, Brendan J., Curtis, Elizabeth, Davis, Jack, Demcenco, Tatiana I., Dergachev, Valentin, Derin, Zafer, Deskaj, Sylvia, Devejyan, Seda, Djordjević, Vojislav, Duffett Carlson, Kellie Sara, Eccles, Laurie R., Elenski, Nedko, Engin, Atilla, Erdoğan, Nihat, Erir-Pazarcı, Sabiha, Fernandes, Daniel M., Ferry, Matthew, Freilich, Suzanne, Frînculeasa, Alin, Galaty, Michael L., Gamarra, Beatriz, Gasparyan, Boris, Gaydarska, Bisserka, Genç, Elif, Gültekin, Timur, Gündüz, Serkan, Hajdu, Tamás, Heyd, Volker, Hobosyan, Suren, Hovhannisyan, Nelli, Iliev, Iliya, Iliev, Lora, Iliev, Stanislav, İvgin, İlkay, Janković, Ivor, Jovanova, Lence, Karkanas, Panagiotis, Kavaz-Kındığılı, Berna, Kaya, Esra Hilal, Keating, Denise, Kennett, Douglas J., Deniz Kesici, Seda, Khudaverdyan, Anahit, Kiss, Krisztián, Kılıç, Sinan, Klostermann, Paul, Kostak Boca Negra Valdes, Sinem, Kovačević, Saša, Krenz-Niedbała, Marta, Krznarić Škrivanko, Maja, Kurti, Rovena, Kuzman, Pasko, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazar, Catalin, Leshtakov, Krassimir, Levy, Thomas E., Liritzis, Ioannis, Lorentz, Kirsi O., Łukasik, Sylwia, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Martirosyan-Olshansky, Kristine, Matthews, Roger, Matthews, Wendy, McSweeney, Kathleen, Melikyan, Varduhi, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Milašinović, Lidija, Mittnik, Alissa, Monge, Janet M., Nekhrizov, Georgi, Nicholls, Rebecca, Nikitin, Alexey G., Nikolov, Vassil, Novak, Mario, Olalde, Iñigo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Osterholtz, Anna, Özdemir, Celal, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Öztürk, Nurettin, Papadimitriou, Nikos, Papakonstantinou, Niki, Papathanasiou, Anastasia, Paraman, Lujana, Paskary, Evgeny G., Patterson, Nick, Petrakiev, Ilian, Petrosyan, Levon, Petrova, Vanya, Philippa-Touchais, Anna, Piliposyan, Ashot, Pocuca Kuzman, Nada, Potrebica, Hrvoje, Preda-Bălănică, Bianca, Premužić, Zrinka, Price, T. Douglas, Qiu, Lijun, Radović, Siniša, Raeuf Aziz, Kamal, Rajić Šikanjić, Petra, Rasheed Raheem, Kamal, Razumov, Sergei, Richardson, Amy, Roodenberg, Jacob, Ruka, Rudenc, Russeva, Victoria, Şahin, Mustafa, Şarbak, Ayşegül, Savaş, Emre, Schattke, Constanze, Schepartz, Lynne, Selçuk, Tayfun, Sevim-Erol, Ayla, Shamoon-Pour, Michel, Shephard, Henry M., Sideris, Athanasios, Simalcsik, Angela, Simonyan, Hakob, Sinika, Vitalij, Sirak, Kendra, Sirbu, Ghenadie, Šlaus, Mario, Soficaru, Andrei, Söğüt, Bilal, Sołtysiak, Arkadiusz, Sönmez-Sözer, Çilem, Stathi, Maria, Steskal, Martin, Stewardson, Kristin, Stocker, Sharon, Suata-Alpaslan, Fadime, Suvorov, Alexander, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamás, Telnov, Nikolai, Temov, Strahil, Todorova, Nadezhda, Tota, Ulsi, Touchais, Gilles, Triantaphyllou, Sevi, Türker, Atila, Ugarković, Marina, Valchev, Todor, Veljanovska, Fanica, Videvski, Zlatko, Virag, Cristian, Wagner, Anna, Walsh, Samantha, Włodarczak, Piotr, Workman, J. Noah, Yardumian, Aram, Yarovoy, Evgenii, Yavuz, Alper Yener, Yılmaz, Hakan, Zalzala, Fatma, Zettl, Anna, Zhang, Zhao, Çavuşoğlu, Rafet, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, and Reich, David
Abstract: We present the first ancient DNA data from the Pre-Pottery Neolithic of Mesopotamia (Southeastern Turkey and Northern Iraq), Cyprus, and the Northwestern Zagros, along with the first data from Neolithic Armenia. We show that these and neighboring populations were formed through admixture of pre-Neolithic sources related to Anatolian, Caucasus, and Levantine hunter-gatherers, forming a Neolithic continuum of ancestry mirroring the geography of West Asia. By analyzing Pre-Pottery and Pottery Neolithic populations of Anatolia, we show that the former were derived from admixture between Mesopotamian-related and local Epipaleolithic-related sources, but the latter experienced additional Levantine-related gene flow, thus documenting at least two pulses of migration from the Fertile Crescent heartland to the early farmers of Anatolia.
Published: 2022

17. A genetic probe into the ancient and medieval history of Southern Europe and West Asia

Author: Lazaridis, Iosif, Alpaslan-Roodenberg, Songul, Acar, Ayse, Acikkol, Aysen, Agelarakis, Anagnostis, Aghikyan, Levon, Akyuz, Ugur, Andreeva, Desislava, Andrijasevic, Gojko, Anatonovic, Dragana, Armit, Ian, Atmaca, Alper, Avetisyan, Alper, Avetisyan, Pavel, Aytek, Ahmet Ihsan, Bacvarov, Krum, Badalyan, Ruben, Bakardzhiev, Stefan, Balen, Jacqueline, Bejko, Lorenc, Bernardos, Rebecca, Bertsatos, Andreas, Biber, Hanifi, Bilir, Ahmet, Brodruzic, Mario, Bonogofsky, Michelle, Bonsall, Clive, Boric, Dusan, Borovinic, Nikola, Morante, Guillermo Bravo, Buttinger, Katharina, Callan, Kim, Candilio, Francesca, Caric, Mario, Cheronet, Olivia, Chohadzhiev, Stefan, Chovalopoulou, Maria-Eleni, Chryssoulaki, Stella, Ciobanu, Ion, Condic, Natalija, Constantienescu, Mihai, Cristiani, Emanuela, Culleton, Brendan J, Curtis, Elizabeth, Davis, Jack, Davtyan, Ruben, Demcenco, Tatiana I, Dergachev, Valentin, Derin, Zafer, Deskaj, Sylvia, Devejyan, Seda, Djordjevic, Vojislav, Duffett Carlson, Kellie Sara, Eccles, Laurie R, Elenski, Nedko, Engin, Atilla, Erdogan, Nihat, Erir-Pazarci, Sabiha, Fernandes, Daniel M, Ferry, Matthew, Freilich, Suzanne, Frinculeasa, Alin, Galaty, Michael L, Gamarra, Beatriz, Gasparyan, Boris, Gaydarska, Bisserka, Genc, Elif, Gultekin, Timur, Gunduz, Serkan, Hajdu, Tamas, Heyd, Volker, Hobosyan, Suren, Hovhannisyan, Nelli, Iliev, Ilya, Iliev, Stanislav, Ivgin, Ilkay, Jankovic, Ivor, Jovanova, Lence, Karkanas, Panagiotis, Kavaz-Kindigili, Berna, Kaya, Esra Hilal, Keating, Denise, Kennett, Douglas J, Kesici, Seda Deniz, Khudaverdyan, Anahit, Kiss, Krisztian, Kilic, Sinan, Klostermann, Paul, Negra Valdes, Sniem Kostak Boca, Kovacevic, Sasa, Krenz-Niedbala, Marta, Skrivanko, Maja Krznaric, Kurti, Rovena, Kuzman, Pasko, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazar, Catalin, Leshtakov, Krassimir, Levy, Thomas E, Liritzis, Ioannis, Lorentz, Kirsi O, Lukasik, Sylwia, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Martirosyan-Olshansky, Kristine, Matthews, Roger, Matthews, Wendy, McSweeney, Kathleen, Melikyan, Varduhi, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Milasinovic, Lidija, Mittnik, Alissa, Monge, Janet M, Nekhrizov, Georgi, Nicholls, Rebecca, Nikitin, Alexey G, Nikolov, Vassil, Novak, Mario, Olalde, Inigo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Osterholtz, Anna, Ozdemir, Celal, Ozdogan, Kadir Toykan, Ozturk, Nurettin, Papadimitriou, Nikos, Papakonstantinou, Niki, Papathanasiou, Anastasia, Paraman, Lujana, Paskary, Evgeny G, Patterson, Nick, Petrakiev, Ilian, Petrosyan, Levon, Petrova, Vanya, Phillippa-Touchais, Anna, Piliposyan, Ashot, Pocuca Kuzman, Nada, Potrebica, Hrvoje, Preda-Balancia, Bianca, Premuzic, Zrinka, Price, T Douglas, Qiu, Lijun, Radovic, Sinisa, Raeuf Aziz, Kamal, Rajic Sikanjic, Petra, Rasheed Raheem, Kamal, Razumov, Sergei, Richardson, Amy, Roodenberg, Jacob, Ruka, Rudenc, Rasseva, Victoria, Sahin, Mustafa, Sarbak, Aysegul, Savas, Emre, Schattke, Constanze, Schepartz, Lynne, Selcuk, Tayfun, Sevim-Erol, Ayla, Shamoon-Pour, Michel, Shephard, Henry M, Sideris, Athanasios, Simalcsik, Angela, Simonyan, Hakob, Sinika, Vitalij, Sirak, Kendra, Sirbu, Ghenadie, Slaus, Mario, Soficaru, Andrei, Sogut, Bilal, Soltysiak, Arkadiusz, Sonmez-Sozer, Cilem, Stathi, Maria, Steskal, Martin, Stewardson, Kristin, Stocker, Sharon, Suata-Alpaslan, Fadime, Suvorov, Alexander, Szecsenyi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamas, Telnov, Nikolai, Temov, Strahil, Todorova, Nadezhda, Tota, Ulsi, Touchais, Gilles, Triantaphyllou, Sevi, Turker, Atila, Ugarkovic, Marina, Valchev, Todor, Veljanovska, Fancia, Videvski, Zlatko, Virag, Christian, Wagner, Anna, Walsh, Samantha, Wlodarczak, Piotr, Workman, J Noah, Yardumian, Aram, Yarovoy, Evgenii, Yavuz, Alper Yener, Yilmaz, Hakan, Zalzala, Fatma, Zettl, Anna, Zhang, Zhao, Cavusoglu, Rafet, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, Reich, David, Lazaridis, Iosif, Alpaslan-Roodenberg, Songul, Acar, Ayse, Acikkol, Aysen, Agelarakis, Anagnostis, Aghikyan, Levon, Akyuz, Ugur, Andreeva, Desislava, Andrijasevic, Gojko, Anatonovic, Dragana, Armit, Ian, Atmaca, Alper, Avetisyan, Alper, Avetisyan, Pavel, Aytek, Ahmet Ihsan, Bacvarov, Krum, Badalyan, Ruben, Bakardzhiev, Stefan, Balen, Jacqueline, Bejko, Lorenc, Bernardos, Rebecca, Bertsatos, Andreas, Biber, Hanifi, Bilir, Ahmet, Brodruzic, Mario, Bonogofsky, Michelle, Bonsall, Clive, Boric, Dusan, Borovinic, Nikola, Morante, Guillermo Bravo, Buttinger, Katharina, Callan, Kim, Candilio, Francesca, Caric, Mario, Cheronet, Olivia, Chohadzhiev, Stefan, Chovalopoulou, Maria-Eleni, Chryssoulaki, Stella, Ciobanu, Ion, Condic, Natalija, Constantienescu, Mihai, Cristiani, Emanuela, Culleton, Brendan J, Curtis, Elizabeth, Davis, Jack, Davtyan, Ruben, Demcenco, Tatiana I, Dergachev, Valentin, Derin, Zafer, Deskaj, Sylvia, Devejyan, Seda, Djordjevic, Vojislav, Duffett Carlson, Kellie Sara, Eccles, Laurie R, Elenski, Nedko, Engin, Atilla, Erdogan, Nihat, Erir-Pazarci, Sabiha, Fernandes, Daniel M, Ferry, Matthew, Freilich, Suzanne, Frinculeasa, Alin, Galaty, Michael L, Gamarra, Beatriz, Gasparyan, Boris, Gaydarska, Bisserka, Genc, Elif, Gultekin, Timur, Gunduz, Serkan, Hajdu, Tamas, Heyd, Volker, Hobosyan, Suren, Hovhannisyan, Nelli, Iliev, Ilya, Iliev, Stanislav, Ivgin, Ilkay, Jankovic, Ivor, Jovanova, Lence, Karkanas, Panagiotis, Kavaz-Kindigili, Berna, Kaya, Esra Hilal, Keating, Denise, Kennett, Douglas J, Kesici, Seda Deniz, Khudaverdyan, Anahit, Kiss, Krisztian, Kilic, Sinan, Klostermann, Paul, Negra Valdes, Sniem Kostak Boca, Kovacevic, Sasa, Krenz-Niedbala, Marta, Skrivanko, Maja Krznaric, Kurti, Rovena, Kuzman, Pasko, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazar, Catalin, Leshtakov, Krassimir, Levy, Thomas E, Liritzis, Ioannis, Lorentz, Kirsi O, Lukasik, Sylwia, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Martirosyan-Olshansky, Kristine, Matthews, Roger, Matthews, Wendy, McSweeney, Kathleen, Melikyan, Varduhi, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Milasinovic, Lidija, Mittnik, Alissa, Monge, Janet M, Nekhrizov, Georgi, Nicholls, Rebecca, Nikitin, Alexey G, Nikolov, Vassil, Novak, Mario, Olalde, Inigo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Osterholtz, Anna, Ozdemir, Celal, Ozdogan, Kadir Toykan, Ozturk, Nurettin, Papadimitriou, Nikos, Papakonstantinou, Niki, Papathanasiou, Anastasia, Paraman, Lujana, Paskary, Evgeny G, Patterson, Nick, Petrakiev, Ilian, Petrosyan, Levon, Petrova, Vanya, Phillippa-Touchais, Anna, Piliposyan, Ashot, Pocuca Kuzman, Nada, Potrebica, Hrvoje, Preda-Balancia, Bianca, Premuzic, Zrinka, Price, T Douglas, Qiu, Lijun, Radovic, Sinisa, Raeuf Aziz, Kamal, Rajic Sikanjic, Petra, Rasheed Raheem, Kamal, Razumov, Sergei, Richardson, Amy, Roodenberg, Jacob, Ruka, Rudenc, Rasseva, Victoria, Sahin, Mustafa, Sarbak, Aysegul, Savas, Emre, Schattke, Constanze, Schepartz, Lynne, Selcuk, Tayfun, Sevim-Erol, Ayla, Shamoon-Pour, Michel, Shephard, Henry M, Sideris, Athanasios, Simalcsik, Angela, Simonyan, Hakob, Sinika, Vitalij, Sirak, Kendra, Sirbu, Ghenadie, Slaus, Mario, Soficaru, Andrei, Sogut, Bilal, Soltysiak, Arkadiusz, Sonmez-Sozer, Cilem, Stathi, Maria, Steskal, Martin, Stewardson, Kristin, Stocker, Sharon, Suata-Alpaslan, Fadime, Suvorov, Alexander, Szecsenyi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamas, Telnov, Nikolai, Temov, Strahil, Todorova, Nadezhda, Tota, Ulsi, Touchais, Gilles, Triantaphyllou, Sevi, Turker, Atila, Ugarkovic, Marina, Valchev, Todor, Veljanovska, Fancia, Videvski, Zlatko, Virag, Christian, Wagner, Anna, Walsh, Samantha, Wlodarczak, Piotr, Workman, J Noah, Yardumian, Aram, Yarovoy, Evgenii, Yavuz, Alper Yener, Yilmaz, Hakan, Zalzala, Fatma, Zettl, Anna, Zhang, Zhao, Cavusoglu, Rafet, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, and Reich, David
Abstract: Literary and archaeological sources have preserved a rich history of Southern Europe and West Asia since the Bronze Age that can be complemented by genetics. Mycenaean period elites in Greece did not differ from the general population and included both people with some steppe ancestry and others, like the Griffin Warrior, without it. Similarly, people in the central area of the Urartian Kingdom around Lake Van lacked the steppe ancestry characteristic of the kingdom’s northern provinces. Anatolia exhibited extraordinary continuity down to the Roman and Byzantine periods, with its people serving as the demographic core of much of the Roman Empire, including the city of Rome itself. During medieval times, migrations associated with Slavic and Turkic speakers profoundly affected the region.
Published: 2022

18. Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age

Author: Patterson, Nick, Isakov, Michael, Booth, Thomas, Büster, Lindsey, Fischer, Claire Elise, Olalde, Iñigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Akbari, Ali, Cheronet, Olivia, Bleasdale, Madeleine, Adamski, Nicole, Altena, Eveline, Bernardos, Rebecca, Brace, Selina, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Candilio, Francesca, Culleton, Brendan, Curtis, Elizabeth, Demetz, Lea, Carlson, Kellie Sara Duffett, Fernandes, Daniel M., Foody, M. George B., Freilich, Suzanne, Goodchild, Helen, Kearns, Aisling, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazaridis, Iosif, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Morante, Guillermo Bravo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Qiu, Lijun, Schattke, Constanze, Stewardson, Kristin, Workman, J. Noah, Zalzala, Fatma, Zhang, Zhao, Agustí, Bibiana, Allen, Tim, Almássy, Katalin, Amkreutz, Luc, Ash, Abigail, Baillif-Ducros, Christèle, Barclay, Alistair, Bartosiewicz, László, Baxter, Katherine, Bernert, Zsolt, Blažek, Jan, Bodružić, Mario, Boissinot, Philippe, Bonsall, Clive, Bradley, Pippa, Brittain, Marcus, Brookes, Alison, Brown, Fraser, Brown, Lisa, Brunning, Richard, Budd, Chelsea, Burmaz, Josip, Canet, Sylvain, Carnicero-Cáceres, Silvia, Čaušević-Bully, Morana, Chamberlain, Andrew, Chauvin, Sébastien, Clough, Sharon, Čondić, Natalija, Coppa, Alfredo, Craig, Oliver, Črešnar, Matija, Cummings, Vicki, Czifra, Szabolcs, Danielisová, Alžběta, Daniels, Robin, Davies, Alex, de Jersey, Philip, Deacon, Jody, Deminger, Csilla, Ditchfield, Peter W., Dizdar, Marko, Dobeš, Miroslav, Dobisíková, Miluše, Domboróczki, László, Drinkall, Gail, Đukić, Ana, Edwards, Ceiridwen J., Ernée, Michal, Evans, Christopher, Evans, Jane, Fernández-Götz, Manuel, Filipović, Slavica, Fitzpatrick, Andrew, Fokkens, Harry, Fowler, Chris, Fox, Allison, Gallina, Zsolt, Gamble, Michelle, González Morales, Manuel R., González-Rabanal, Borja, Green, Adrian, Gyenesei, Katalin, Habermehl, Diederick, Hajdu, Tamás, Hamilton, Derek, Harris, James, Hayden, Chris, Hendriks, Joep, Hernu, Bénédicte, Hey, Gill, Horňák, Milan, Ilon, Gábor, Istvánovits, Eszter, Jones, Andy M., Kavur, Martina Blečić, Kazek, Kevin, Kenyon, Robert A., Khreisheh, Amal, Kiss, Viktória, Kleijne, Jos, Knight, Mark, Kootker, Lisette M., Kovács, Péter F., Kozubová, Anita, Kulcsár, Gabriella, Kulcsár, Valéria, Le Pennec, Christophe, Legge, Michael, Leivers, Matt, Loe, Louise, López-Costas, Olalla, Lord, Tom, Los, Dženi, Lyall, James, Marín-Arroyo, Ana B., Mason, Philip, Matošević, Damir, Maxted, Andy, McIntyre, Lauren, McKinley, Jacqueline, McSweeney, Kathleen, Meijlink, Bernard, Mende, Balázs G., Menđušić, Marko, Metlička, Milan, Meyer, Sophie, Mihovilić, Kristina, Milasinovic, Lidija, Minnitt, Steve, Moore, Joanna, Morley, Geoff, Mullan, Graham, Musilová, Margaréta, Neil, Benjamin, Nicholls, Rebecca, Novak, Mario, Pala, Maria, Papworth, Martin, Paresys, Cécile, Patten, Ricky, Perkić, Domagoj, Pesti, Krisztina, Petit, Alba, Petriščáková, Katarína, Pichon, Coline, Pickard, Catriona, Pilling, Zoltán, Price, T. Douglas, Radović, Siniša, Redfern, Rebecca, Resutík, Branislav, Rhodes, Daniel T., Richards, Martin B., Roberts, Amy, Roefstra, Jean, Sankot, Pavel, Šefčáková, Alena, Sheridan, Alison, Skae, Sabine, Šmolíková, Miroslava, Somogyi, Krisztina, Somogyvári, Ágnes, Stephens, Mark, Szabó, Géza, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamás, Tabor, Jonathan, Tankó, Károly, Maria, Clenis Tavarez, Terry, Rachel, Teržan, Biba, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Torres-Martínez, Jesús F., Trapp, Julien, Turle, Ross, Ujvári, Ferenc, van der Heiden, Menno, Veleminsky, Petr, Veselka, Barbara, Vytlačil, Zdeněk, Waddington, Clive, Ware, Paula, Wilkinson, Paul, Wilson, Linda, Wiseman, Rob, Young, Eilidh, Zaninović, Joško, Žitňan, Andrej, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, de Knijff, Peter, Barnes, Ian, Halkon, Peter, Thomas, Mark G., Kennett, Douglas J., Cunliffe, Barry, Lillie, Malcolm, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, Armit, Ian, Reich, David, Patterson, Nick, Isakov, Michael, Booth, Thomas, Büster, Lindsey, Fischer, Claire Elise, Olalde, Iñigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Akbari, Ali, Cheronet, Olivia, Bleasdale, Madeleine, Adamski, Nicole, Altena, Eveline, Bernardos, Rebecca, Brace, Selina, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Candilio, Francesca, Culleton, Brendan, Curtis, Elizabeth, Demetz, Lea, Carlson, Kellie Sara Duffett, Fernandes, Daniel M., Foody, M. George B., Freilich, Suzanne, Goodchild, Helen, Kearns, Aisling, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazaridis, Iosif, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Morante, Guillermo Bravo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Qiu, Lijun, Schattke, Constanze, Stewardson, Kristin, Workman, J. Noah, Zalzala, Fatma, Zhang, Zhao, Agustí, Bibiana, Allen, Tim, Almássy, Katalin, Amkreutz, Luc, Ash, Abigail, Baillif-Ducros, Christèle, Barclay, Alistair, Bartosiewicz, László, Baxter, Katherine, Bernert, Zsolt, Blažek, Jan, Bodružić, Mario, Boissinot, Philippe, Bonsall, Clive, Bradley, Pippa, Brittain, Marcus, Brookes, Alison, Brown, Fraser, Brown, Lisa, Brunning, Richard, Budd, Chelsea, Burmaz, Josip, Canet, Sylvain, Carnicero-Cáceres, Silvia, Čaušević-Bully, Morana, Chamberlain, Andrew, Chauvin, Sébastien, Clough, Sharon, Čondić, Natalija, Coppa, Alfredo, Craig, Oliver, Črešnar, Matija, Cummings, Vicki, Czifra, Szabolcs, Danielisová, Alžběta, Daniels, Robin, Davies, Alex, de Jersey, Philip, Deacon, Jody, Deminger, Csilla, Ditchfield, Peter W., Dizdar, Marko, Dobeš, Miroslav, Dobisíková, Miluše, Domboróczki, László, Drinkall, Gail, Đukić, Ana, Edwards, Ceiridwen J., Ernée, Michal, Evans, Christopher, Evans, Jane, Fernández-Götz, Manuel, Filipović, Slavica, Fitzpatrick, Andrew, Fokkens, Harry, Fowler, Chris, Fox, Allison, Gallina, Zsolt, Gamble, Michelle, González Morales, Manuel R., González-Rabanal, Borja, Green, Adrian, Gyenesei, Katalin, Habermehl, Diederick, Hajdu, Tamás, Hamilton, Derek, Harris, James, Hayden, Chris, Hendriks, Joep, Hernu, Bénédicte, Hey, Gill, Horňák, Milan, Ilon, Gábor, Istvánovits, Eszter, Jones, Andy M., Kavur, Martina Blečić, Kazek, Kevin, Kenyon, Robert A., Khreisheh, Amal, Kiss, Viktória, Kleijne, Jos, Knight, Mark, Kootker, Lisette M., Kovács, Péter F., Kozubová, Anita, Kulcsár, Gabriella, Kulcsár, Valéria, Le Pennec, Christophe, Legge, Michael, Leivers, Matt, Loe, Louise, López-Costas, Olalla, Lord, Tom, Los, Dženi, Lyall, James, Marín-Arroyo, Ana B., Mason, Philip, Matošević, Damir, Maxted, Andy, McIntyre, Lauren, McKinley, Jacqueline, McSweeney, Kathleen, Meijlink, Bernard, Mende, Balázs G., Menđušić, Marko, Metlička, Milan, Meyer, Sophie, Mihovilić, Kristina, Milasinovic, Lidija, Minnitt, Steve, Moore, Joanna, Morley, Geoff, Mullan, Graham, Musilová, Margaréta, Neil, Benjamin, Nicholls, Rebecca, Novak, Mario, Pala, Maria, Papworth, Martin, Paresys, Cécile, Patten, Ricky, Perkić, Domagoj, Pesti, Krisztina, Petit, Alba, Petriščáková, Katarína, Pichon, Coline, Pickard, Catriona, Pilling, Zoltán, Price, T. Douglas, Radović, Siniša, Redfern, Rebecca, Resutík, Branislav, Rhodes, Daniel T., Richards, Martin B., Roberts, Amy, Roefstra, Jean, Sankot, Pavel, Šefčáková, Alena, Sheridan, Alison, Skae, Sabine, Šmolíková, Miroslava, Somogyi, Krisztina, Somogyvári, Ágnes, Stephens, Mark, Szabó, Géza, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamás, Tabor, Jonathan, Tankó, Károly, Maria, Clenis Tavarez, Terry, Rachel, Teržan, Biba, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Torres-Martínez, Jesús F., Trapp, Julien, Turle, Ross, Ujvári, Ferenc, van der Heiden, Menno, Veleminsky, Petr, Veselka, Barbara, Vytlačil, Zdeněk, Waddington, Clive, Ware, Paula, Wilkinson, Paul, Wilson, Linda, Wiseman, Rob, Young, Eilidh, Zaninović, Joško, Žitňan, Andrej, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, de Knijff, Peter, Barnes, Ian, Halkon, Peter, Thomas, Mark G., Kennett, Douglas J., Cunliffe, Barry, Lillie, Malcolm, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, Armit, Ian, and Reich, David
Abstract: Present-day people from England and Wales harbour more ancestry derived from Early European Farmers (EEF) than people of the Early Bronze Age1. To understand this, we generated genome-wide data from 793 individuals, increasing data from the Middle to Late Bronze and Iron Age in Britain by 12-fold, and Western and Central Europe by 3.5-fold. Between 1000 and 875 bc, EEF ancestry increased in southern Britain (England and Wales) but not northern Britain (Scotland) due to incorporation of migrants who arrived at this time and over previous centuries, and who were genetically most similar to ancient individuals from France. These migrants contributed about half the ancestry of Iron Age people of England and Wales, thereby creating a plausible vector for the spread of early Celtic languages into Britain. These patterns are part of a broader trend of EEF ancestry becoming more similar across central and western Europe in the Middle to Late Bronze Age, coincident with archaeological evidence of intensified cultural exchange2–6. There was comparatively less gene flow from continental Europe during the Iron Age, and Britain’s independent genetic trajectory is also reflected in the rise of the allele conferring lactase persistence to ~50% by this time compared to ~7% in central Europe where it rose rapidly in frequency only a millennium later. This suggests that dairy products were used in qualitatively different ways in Britain and in central Europe over this period.
Published: 2022
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19. The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool

Author: Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Åshild J., Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S. Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H. S., Radzeviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Bager, Martina Abenhus, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Michel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J., Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Clausen, Jane Jark, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuart, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M., Roberts, Amy V., Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C., Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I., Booth, Tom, Schroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G., Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B., Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, Schiffels, Stephan, Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Åshild J., Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S. Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H. S., Radzeviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Bager, Martina Abenhus, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Michel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J., Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Clausen, Jane Jark, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuart, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M., Roberts, Amy V., Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C., Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I., Booth, Tom, Schroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G., Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B., Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, and Schiffels, Stephan
Abstract: The history of the British Isles and Ireland is characterized by multiple periods of major cultural change, including the influential transformation after the end of Roman rule, which precipitated shifts in language, settlement patterns and material culture1. The extent to which migration from continental Europe mediated these transitions is a matter of long-standing debate2–4. Here we study genome-wide ancient DNA from 460 medieval northwestern Europeans—including 278 individuals from England—alongside archaeological data, to infer contemporary population dynamics. We identify a substantial increase of continental northern European ancestry in early medieval England, which is closely related to the early medieval and present-day inhabitants of Germany and Denmark, implying large-scale substantial migration across the North Sea into Britain during the Early Middle Ages. As a result, the individuals who we analysed from eastern England derived up to 76% of their ancestry from the continental North Sea zone, albeit with substantial regional variation and heterogeneity within sites. We show that women with immigrant ancestry were more often furnished with grave goods than women with local ancestry, whereas men with weapons were as likely not to be of immigrant ancestry. A comparison with present-day Britain indicates that subsequent demographic events reduced the fraction of continental northern European ancestry while introducing further ancestry components into the English gene pool, including substantial southwestern European ancestry most closely related to that seen in Iron Age France5,6.
Published: 2022

20. The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool

Author: Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceridwen J, Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Ashild J, Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H S, Radzviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Abenhus Bager, Martina, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Mcihel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J, Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Jark Clausen, Jane, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuard, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M, Roberts, Amy V, Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C, Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I, Booth, Tom, Shcroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G, Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B, Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, Schiffels, Stephan, Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceridwen J, Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Ashild J, Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H S, Radzviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Abenhus Bager, Martina, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Mcihel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J, Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Jark Clausen, Jane, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuard, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M, Roberts, Amy V, Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C, Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I, Booth, Tom, Shcroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G, Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B, Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, and Schiffels, Stephan
Abstract: The history of the British Isles and Ireland is characterized by multiple periods of major cultural change, including the influential transformation after the end of Roman rule, which precipitated shifts in language, settlement patterns and material culture1. The extent to which migration from continental Europe mediated these transitions is a matter of long-standing debate2,3,4. Here we study genome-wide ancient DNA from 460 medieval northwestern Europeans—including 278 individuals from England—alongside archaeological data, to infer contemporary population dynamics. We identify a substantial increase of continental northern European ancestry in early medieval England, which is closely related to the early medieval and present-day inhabitants of Germany and Denmark, implying large-scale substantial migration across the North Sea into Britain during the Early Middle Ages. As a result, the individuals who we analysed from eastern England derived up to 76% of their ancestry from the continental North Sea zone, albeit with substantial regional variation and heterogeneity within sites. We show that women with immigrant ancestry were more often furnished with grave goods than women with local ancestry, whereas men with weapons were as likely not to be of immigrant ancestry. A comparison with present-day Britain indicates that subsequent demographic events reduced the fraction of continental northern European ancestry while introducing further ancestry components into the English gene pool, including substantial southwestern European ancestry most closely related to that seen in Iron Age France5,6.
Published: 2022

21. Author Correction: The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool

Author: Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Åshild J, Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H S, Radzeviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Bager, Martina Abenhus, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Michel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J, Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Clausen, Jane Jark, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuart, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M, Roberts, Amy V, Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C, Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I, Booth, Tom, Schroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G, Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B, Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, Schiffels, Stephan, Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Åshild J, Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H S, Radzeviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Bager, Martina Abenhus, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Michel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J, Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Clausen, Jane Jark, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuart, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M, Roberts, Amy V, Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C, Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I, Booth, Tom, Schroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G, Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B, Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, and Schiffels, Stephan
Abstract: See original record.
Published: 2022

22. Ancient DNA and deep population structure in sub-Saharan African foragers

Author: Zoología y biología celular animal, Zoologia eta animalia zelulen biologia, Lipson, Mark, Sawchuk, Elizabeth A., Thompson, Jessica C., Oppenheimer, Jonas, Tryon, Christian A., Ranhorn, Kathryn L., De Luna, Kathryn M., Sirak, Kendra A., Olalde Marquínez, Iñigo, Ambrose, Stanley H., Arthur, John W., Arthur, Kathryn J. W., Ayodo, George, Bertacchi, Alex, Cerezo Román, Jessica I., Culleton, Brendan J., Curtis, Matthew C., Davis, Jacob, Gidna, Agness O., Hanson, Annalys, Kaliba, Potiphar, Katongo, Maggie, Kwekason, Amandus, Laird, Myra F., Lewis, Jason, Mabulla, Audax Z. P., Mapemba, Fredrick, Morris, Alan, Mudenda, George, Mwafulirwa, Raphael, Mwangomba, Daudi, Ndiema, Emmanuel, Ogola, Christine, Schilt, Flora, Willoughby, Pamela R., Wright, David K., Zipkin, Andrew, Pinhasi, Ron, Kennett, Douglas J., Manthi, Fredrick Kyalo, Rohland, Nadin, Patterson, Nick, Reich, David, Prendergast, Mary E., Zoología y biología celular animal, Zoologia eta animalia zelulen biologia, Lipson, Mark, Sawchuk, Elizabeth A., Thompson, Jessica C., Oppenheimer, Jonas, Tryon, Christian A., Ranhorn, Kathryn L., De Luna, Kathryn M., Sirak, Kendra A., Olalde Marquínez, Iñigo, Ambrose, Stanley H., Arthur, John W., Arthur, Kathryn J. W., Ayodo, George, Bertacchi, Alex, Cerezo Román, Jessica I., Culleton, Brendan J., Curtis, Matthew C., Davis, Jacob, Gidna, Agness O., Hanson, Annalys, Kaliba, Potiphar, Katongo, Maggie, Kwekason, Amandus, Laird, Myra F., Lewis, Jason, Mabulla, Audax Z. P., Mapemba, Fredrick, Morris, Alan, Mudenda, George, Mwafulirwa, Raphael, Mwangomba, Daudi, Ndiema, Emmanuel, Ogola, Christine, Schilt, Flora, Willoughby, Pamela R., Wright, David K., Zipkin, Andrew, Pinhasi, Ron, Kennett, Douglas J., Manthi, Fredrick Kyalo, Rohland, Nadin, Patterson, Nick, Reich, David, and Prendergast, Mary E.
Abstract: [EN] Multiple lines of genetic and archaeological evidence suggest that there were major demographic changes in the terminal Late Pleistocene epoch and early Holocene epoch of sub-Saharan Africa(1-4). Inferences about this period are challenging to make because demographic shifts in the past 5,000 years have obscured the structures of more ancient populations(3,5). Here we present genome-wide ancient DNA data for six individuals from eastern and south-central Africa spanning the past approximately 18,000 years (doubling the time depth of sub-Saharan African ancient DNA), increase the data quality for 15 previously published ancient individuals and analyse these alongside data from 13 other published ancient individuals. The ancestry of the individuals in our study area can be modelled as a geographically structured mixture of three highly divergent source populations, probably reflecting Pleistocene interactions around 80-20 thousand years ago, including deeply diverged eastern and southern African lineages, plus a previously unappreciated ubiquitous distribution of ancestry that occurs in highest proportion today in central African rainforest hunter-gatherers. Once established, this structure remained highly stable, with limited long-range gene flow. These results provide a new line of genetic evidence in support of hypotheses that have emerged from archaeological analyses but remain contested, suggesting increasing regionalization at the end of the Pleistocene epoch. DNA analysis of 6 individuals from eastern and south-central Africa spanning the past approximately 18,000 years, and of 28 previously published ancient individuals, provides genetic evidence supporting hypotheses of increasing regionalization at the end of the Pleistocene.
Published: 2022

23. The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool

Author: Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Åshild J., Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S. Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H. S., Radzeviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Bager, Martina Abenhus, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Michel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J., Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Clausen, Jane Jark, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuart, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M., Roberts, Amy V., Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C., Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I., Booth, Tom, Schroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G., Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B., Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, Schiffels, Stephan, Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Åshild J., Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S. Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H. S., Radzeviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Bager, Martina Abenhus, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Michel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J., Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Clausen, Jane Jark, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuart, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M., Roberts, Amy V., Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C., Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I., Booth, Tom, Schroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G., Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B., Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, and Schiffels, Stephan
Abstract: The history of the British Isles and Ireland is characterized by multiple periods of major cultural change, including the influential transformation after the end of Roman rule, which precipitated shifts in language, settlement patterns and material culture1. The extent to which migration from continental Europe mediated these transitions is a matter of long-standing debate2–4. Here we study genome-wide ancient DNA from 460 medieval northwestern Europeans—including 278 individuals from England—alongside archaeological data, to infer contemporary population dynamics. We identify a substantial increase of continental northern European ancestry in early medieval England, which is closely related to the early medieval and present-day inhabitants of Germany and Denmark, implying large-scale substantial migration across the North Sea into Britain during the Early Middle Ages. As a result, the individuals who we analysed from eastern England derived up to 76% of their ancestry from the continental North Sea zone, albeit with substantial regional variation and heterogeneity within sites. We show that women with immigrant ancestry were more often furnished with grave goods than women with local ancestry, whereas men with weapons were as likely not to be of immigrant ancestry. A comparison with present-day Britain indicates that subsequent demographic events reduced the fraction of continental northern European ancestry while introducing further ancestry components into the English gene pool, including substantial southwestern European ancestry most closely related to that seen in Iron Age France5,6.
Published: 2022

24. Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age

Author: European Research Council, Croatian Science Foundation, Ministry of Culture (Czech Republic), Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Leverhulme Trust, Culture Vannin, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), National Institutes of Health (US), John Templeton Foundation, Paul G. Allen Family Foundation, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Patterson, Nick, Isakov, Michael, Booth, Thomas, Büster, Lindsey, Fischer, Claire-Elise, Olalde, Iñigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Akbari, Ali, Cheronet, Olivia, Bleasdale, Madeleine, Adamski, Nicole, Šefčáková, Alena, Curtis, Elizabeth, Sheridan, Alison, Glenis Tavarez Maria, Terry, Rachel, Teržan, Biba, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Brunning, Richard, Torres-Martínez, Jesús F., Lawson, Ann Marie, Fowler, Chris, Trapp, Julien, Turle, Ross, Ujvári, Ferenc, van der Heiden, Menno, González Morales, Manuel R., Carlson, Kellie Sara Duffett, Veleminsky, Petr, Veselka, Barbara, Vytlačil, Zdeněk, Budd, Chelsea, Fox, Allison, Carnicero-Cáceres, Silvia, Waddington, Clive, Ware, Paula, Wilkinson, Paul, Wilson, Linda, Wiseman, Rob, Young, Eilidh, González-Rabanal, Borja, Zaninović, Joško, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Gallina, Zsolt, Žitňan, Andrej, McSweeney, Kathleen, Burmaz, Josip, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, de Knijff, Peter, Barnes, Ian, Halkon, Peter, Thomas, Mark G, Kennett, Douglas J., Cunliffe, Barry, Hernu, Bénédicte, Green, Adrian, Lillie, Malcolm, Lazaridis, Iosif, Rohland, Nadin, Canet, Sylvain, Fernandes, Daniel M, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Micco, Adam, Hey, Gill, Michel, Megan, Morante, Guillermo Bravo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Habermehl, Diederick, Meijlink, Bernard, Harris, James, Qiu, Lijun, Schattke, Constanze, Stewardson, Kristin, Horňák, Milan, Workman, J Noah, Zalzala, Fatma, Zhang, Zhao, Agustí, Bibiana, Allen, Tim, Almássy, Katalin, Mende, Balazs G., Amkreutz, Luc, Skae, Sabine, Hajdu, Tamás, Ilon, Gábor, Ash, Abigail, Baillif-Ducros, Christèle, Barclay, Alistair, Bartosiewicz, László, Baxter, Katherine, Bernert, Zsolt, Blažek, Jan, Menđušić, Marko, Bodružić, Mario, Boissinot, Philippe, Stephens, Mark, Čaušević-Bully, Morana, Bonsall, Clive, Hamilton, Derek, Bradley, Pippa, Chamberlain, Andrew, Chauvin, Sébastien, Clough, Sharon, Čondić, Natalija, Metlička, Milan, Coppa, Alfredo, Istvánovits, Eszter, Craig, Oliver, Črešnar, Matija, Cummings, Vicki, Czifra, Szabolcs, Šmolíková, Miroslava, Hayden, Chris, Danielisová, Alžběta, Daniels, Robin, Davies, Alex, Meyer, Sophie, Milasinovic, Lidija, de Jersey, Philip, Deacon, Jody, Deminger, Csilla, Ditchfield, Peter W, Dizdar, Marko, Dobeš, Miroslav, Somogyi, Krisztina, Dobisíková, Miluše, Altena, Eveline, Domboróczki, László, Pinhasi, Ron, Mihovilić, Kristina, Drinkall, Gail, Đukić, Ana, Ernée, Michal, Evans, Christopher, Evans, Jane, Fernández-Götz, Manuel, Filipović, Slavica, Somogyvári, Ágnes, Fitzpatrick, Andrew, Jones, Andy M, Fokkens, Harry, Callan, Kimberly, Hendriks, Joep, Kavur, Martina Blečić, Kazek, Kevin, Kenyon, Robert A, Bernardos, Rebecca, Khreisheh, Amal, Kiss, Viktória, Kleijne, Jos, Knight, Mark, Szabó, Géza, Armit, Ian, Tabor, Jonathan, Kootker, Lisette M, Kovács, Péter F, Kozubová, Anita, Kulcsár, Gabriella, Kulcsár, Valéria, Le Pennec, Christophe, Brace, Selina, Legge, Michael, Leivers, Matt, Reich, David, Loe, Louise, Brittain, Marcus, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, López-Costas, Olalla, Lord, Tom, Los, Dženi, Lyall, James, Marín-Arroyo, Ana B., Mason, Philip, Matošević, Damir, Foody, M George B, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Maxted, Andy, Minnitt, Steve, McIntyre, Lauren, Szeniczey, Tamás, McKinley, Jacqueline, Moore, Joanna, Morley, Geoff, Mullan, Graham, Musilová, Margaréta, Freilich, Suzanne, Neil, Benjamin, Nicholls, Rebecca, Novak, Mario, Pala, Maria, Candilio, Francesca, Brookes, Alison, Demetz, Lea, Papworth, Martin, Paresys, Cécile, Patten, Ricky, Goodchild, Helen, Perkić, Domagoj, Pesti, Krisztina, Petit, Alba, Petriščáková, Katarína, Pichon, Coline, Pickard, Catriona, Brown, Fraser, Pilling, Zoltán, Gamble, Michelle, Culleton, Brendan, Kearns, Aisling, Price, T. Douglas, Radović, Siniša, Redfern, Rebecca, Resutík, Branislav, Rhodes, Daniel T, Richards, Martin B, Roberts, Amy, Brown, Lisa, Roefstra, Jean, Sankot, Pavel, Gyenesei, Katalin, Tankó, Károly, European Research Council, Croatian Science Foundation, Ministry of Culture (Czech Republic), Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Leverhulme Trust, Culture Vannin, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, National Research, Development and Innovation Office (Hungary), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), National Institutes of Health (US), John Templeton Foundation, Paul G. Allen Family Foundation, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Patterson, Nick, Isakov, Michael, Booth, Thomas, Büster, Lindsey, Fischer, Claire-Elise, Olalde, Iñigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Akbari, Ali, Cheronet, Olivia, Bleasdale, Madeleine, Adamski, Nicole, Šefčáková, Alena, Curtis, Elizabeth, Sheridan, Alison, Glenis Tavarez Maria, Terry, Rachel, Teržan, Biba, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Brunning, Richard, Torres-Martínez, Jesús F., Lawson, Ann Marie, Fowler, Chris, Trapp, Julien, Turle, Ross, Ujvári, Ferenc, van der Heiden, Menno, González Morales, Manuel R., Carlson, Kellie Sara Duffett, Veleminsky, Petr, Veselka, Barbara, Vytlačil, Zdeněk, Budd, Chelsea, Fox, Allison, Carnicero-Cáceres, Silvia, Waddington, Clive, Ware, Paula, Wilkinson, Paul, Wilson, Linda, Wiseman, Rob, Young, Eilidh, González-Rabanal, Borja, Zaninović, Joško, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Gallina, Zsolt, Žitňan, Andrej, McSweeney, Kathleen, Burmaz, Josip, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, de Knijff, Peter, Barnes, Ian, Halkon, Peter, Thomas, Mark G, Kennett, Douglas J., Cunliffe, Barry, Hernu, Bénédicte, Green, Adrian, Lillie, Malcolm, Lazaridis, Iosif, Rohland, Nadin, Canet, Sylvain, Fernandes, Daniel M, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Micco, Adam, Hey, Gill, Michel, Megan, Morante, Guillermo Bravo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Habermehl, Diederick, Meijlink, Bernard, Harris, James, Qiu, Lijun, Schattke, Constanze, Stewardson, Kristin, Horňák, Milan, Workman, J Noah, Zalzala, Fatma, Zhang, Zhao, Agustí, Bibiana, Allen, Tim, Almássy, Katalin, Mende, Balazs G., Amkreutz, Luc, Skae, Sabine, Hajdu, Tamás, Ilon, Gábor, Ash, Abigail, Baillif-Ducros, Christèle, Barclay, Alistair, Bartosiewicz, László, Baxter, Katherine, Bernert, Zsolt, Blažek, Jan, Menđušić, Marko, Bodružić, Mario, Boissinot, Philippe, Stephens, Mark, Čaušević-Bully, Morana, Bonsall, Clive, Hamilton, Derek, Bradley, Pippa, Chamberlain, Andrew, Chauvin, Sébastien, Clough, Sharon, Čondić, Natalija, Metlička, Milan, Coppa, Alfredo, Istvánovits, Eszter, Craig, Oliver, Črešnar, Matija, Cummings, Vicki, Czifra, Szabolcs, Šmolíková, Miroslava, Hayden, Chris, Danielisová, Alžběta, Daniels, Robin, Davies, Alex, Meyer, Sophie, Milasinovic, Lidija, de Jersey, Philip, Deacon, Jody, Deminger, Csilla, Ditchfield, Peter W, Dizdar, Marko, Dobeš, Miroslav, Somogyi, Krisztina, Dobisíková, Miluše, Altena, Eveline, Domboróczki, László, Pinhasi, Ron, Mihovilić, Kristina, Drinkall, Gail, Đukić, Ana, Ernée, Michal, Evans, Christopher, Evans, Jane, Fernández-Götz, Manuel, Filipović, Slavica, Somogyvári, Ágnes, Fitzpatrick, Andrew, Jones, Andy M, Fokkens, Harry, Callan, Kimberly, Hendriks, Joep, Kavur, Martina Blečić, Kazek, Kevin, Kenyon, Robert A, Bernardos, Rebecca, Khreisheh, Amal, Kiss, Viktória, Kleijne, Jos, Knight, Mark, Szabó, Géza, Armit, Ian, Tabor, Jonathan, Kootker, Lisette M, Kovács, Péter F, Kozubová, Anita, Kulcsár, Gabriella, Kulcsár, Valéria, Le Pennec, Christophe, Brace, Selina, Legge, Michael, Leivers, Matt, Reich, David, Loe, Louise, Brittain, Marcus, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, López-Costas, Olalla, Lord, Tom, Los, Dženi, Lyall, James, Marín-Arroyo, Ana B., Mason, Philip, Matošević, Damir, Foody, M George B, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Maxted, Andy, Minnitt, Steve, McIntyre, Lauren, Szeniczey, Tamás, McKinley, Jacqueline, Moore, Joanna, Morley, Geoff, Mullan, Graham, Musilová, Margaréta, Freilich, Suzanne, Neil, Benjamin, Nicholls, Rebecca, Novak, Mario, Pala, Maria, Candilio, Francesca, Brookes, Alison, Demetz, Lea, Papworth, Martin, Paresys, Cécile, Patten, Ricky, Goodchild, Helen, Perkić, Domagoj, Pesti, Krisztina, Petit, Alba, Petriščáková, Katarína, Pichon, Coline, Pickard, Catriona, Brown, Fraser, Pilling, Zoltán, Gamble, Michelle, Culleton, Brendan, Kearns, Aisling, Price, T. Douglas, Radović, Siniša, Redfern, Rebecca, Resutík, Branislav, Rhodes, Daniel T, Richards, Martin B, Roberts, Amy, Brown, Lisa, Roefstra, Jean, Sankot, Pavel, Gyenesei, Katalin, and Tankó, Károly
Abstract: Present-day people from England and Wales have more ancestry derived from early European farmers (EEF) than did people of the Early Bronze Age1. To understand this, here we generated genome-wide data from 793 individuals, increasing data from the Middle to the Late Bronze Age and Iron Age in Britain by 12-fold, and western and central Europe by 3.5-fold. Between 1000 and 875 BC, EEF ancestry increased in southern Britain (England and Wales) but not northern Britain (Scotland) due to incorporation of migrants who arrived at this time and over previous centuries, and who were genetically most similar to ancient individuals from France. These migrants contributed about half the ancestry of people of England and Wales from the Iron Age, thereby creating a plausible vector for the spread of early Celtic languages into Britain. These patterns are part of a broader trend of EEF ancestry becoming more similar across central and western Europe in the Middle to the Late Bronze Age, coincident with archaeological evidence of intensified cultural exchange2-6. There was comparatively less gene flow from continental Europe during the Iron Age, and the independent genetic trajectory in Britain is also reflected in the rise of the allele conferring lactase persistence to approximately 50% by this time compared to approximately 7% in central Europe where it rose rapidly in frequency only a millennium later. This suggests that dairy products were used in qualitatively different ways in Britain and in central Europe over this period.
Published: 2022

25. Author Correction: The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool

Author: Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Åshild J, Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H S, Radzeviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Bager, Martina Abenhus, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Michel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J, Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Clausen, Jane Jark, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuart, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M, Roberts, Amy V, Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C, Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I, Booth, Tom, Schroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G, Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B, Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, Schiffels, Stephan, Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Åshild J, Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H S, Radzeviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Bager, Martina Abenhus, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Michel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J, Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Clausen, Jane Jark, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuart, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M, Roberts, Amy V, Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C, Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I, Booth, Tom, Schroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G, Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B, Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, and Schiffels, Stephan
Abstract: See original record.
Published: 2022

26. The Anglo-Saxon migration and the formation of the early English gene pool

Author: Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceridwen J, Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Ashild J, Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H S, Radzviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Abenhus Bager, Martina, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Mcihel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J, Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Jark Clausen, Jane, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuard, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M, Roberts, Amy V, Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C, Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I, Booth, Tom, Shcroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G, Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B, Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, Schiffels, Stephan, Gretzinger, Joscha, Sayer, Duncan, Justeau, Pierre, Altena, Eveline, Pala, Maria, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceridwen J, Jodoin, Susanne, Lacher, Laura, Sabin, Susanna, Vågene, Ashild J, Haak, Wolfgang, Ebenesersdóttir, S Sunna, Moore, Kristjan H S, Radzviciute, Rita, Schmidt, Kara, Brace, Selina, Abenhus Bager, Martina, Patterson, Nick, Papac, Luka, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Harney, Éadaoin, Iliev, Lora, Lawson, Ann Marie, Mcihel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Zalzala, Fatma, Rohland, Nadin, Kappelhoff-Beckmann, Stefanie, Both, Frank, Winger, Daniel, Neumann, Daniel, Saalow, Lars, Krabath, Stefan, Beckett, Sophie, Van Twest, Melanie, Faulkner, Neil, Read, Chris, Barton, Tabatha, Caruth, Joanna, Hines, John, Krause-Kyora, Ben, Warnke, Ursula, Schuenemann, Verena J, Barnes, Ian, Dahlström, Hanna, Jark Clausen, Jane, Richardson, Andrew, Popescu, Elizabeth, Dodwell, Natasha, Ladd, Stuard, Phillips, Tom, Mortimer, Richard, Sayer, Faye, Swales, Diana, Stewart, Allison, Powlesland, Dominic, Kenyon, Robert, Ladle, Lilian, Peek, Christina, Grefen-Peters, Silke, Ponce, Paola, Daniels, Robin, Spall, Cecily, Woolcock, Jennifer, Jones, Andy M, Roberts, Amy V, Symmons, Robert, Rawden, Anooshka C, Cooper, Alan, Bos, Kirsten I, Booth, Tom, Shcroeder, Hannes, Thomas, Mark G, Helgason, Agnar, Richards, Martin B, Reich, David, Krause, Johannes, and Schiffels, Stephan
Abstract: The history of the British Isles and Ireland is characterized by multiple periods of major cultural change, including the influential transformation after the end of Roman rule, which precipitated shifts in language, settlement patterns and material culture1. The extent to which migration from continental Europe mediated these transitions is a matter of long-standing debate2,3,4. Here we study genome-wide ancient DNA from 460 medieval northwestern Europeans—including 278 individuals from England—alongside archaeological data, to infer contemporary population dynamics. We identify a substantial increase of continental northern European ancestry in early medieval England, which is closely related to the early medieval and present-day inhabitants of Germany and Denmark, implying large-scale substantial migration across the North Sea into Britain during the Early Middle Ages. As a result, the individuals who we analysed from eastern England derived up to 76% of their ancestry from the continental North Sea zone, albeit with substantial regional variation and heterogeneity within sites. We show that women with immigrant ancestry were more often furnished with grave goods than women with local ancestry, whereas men with weapons were as likely not to be of immigrant ancestry. A comparison with present-day Britain indicates that subsequent demographic events reduced the fraction of continental northern European ancestry while introducing further ancestry components into the English gene pool, including substantial southwestern European ancestry most closely related to that seen in Iron Age France5,6.
Published: 2022

27. Ancient DNA from Mesopotamia suggests distinct Pre-Pottery and Pottery Neolithic migrations into Anatolia

Author: Lazaridis, Iosif, Alpaslan-Roodenberg, Songül, Acar, Ayşe, Açıkkol, Ayşen, Agelarakis, Anagnostis, Aghikyan, Levon, Akyüz, Uğur, Andreeva, Desislava, Andrijašević, Gojko, Antonović, Dragana, Armit, Ian, Atmaca, Alper, Avetisyan, Pavel, Aytek, Ahmet İhsan, Bacvarov, Krum, Badalyan, Ruben, Bakardzhiev, Stefan, Balen, Jacqueline, Bejko, Lorenc, Bernardos, Rebecca, Bertsatos, Andreas, Biber, Hanifi, Bilir, Ahmet, Bodružić, Mario, Bonogofsky, Michelle, Bonsall, Clive, Borić, Dušan, Borovinić, Nikola, Bravo Morante, Guillermo, Buttinger, Katharina, Callan, Kim, Candilio, Francesca, Carić, Mario, Cheronet, Olivia, Chohadzhiev, Stefan, Chovalopoulou, Maria-Eleni, Chryssoulaki, Stella, Ciobanu, Ion, Čondić, Natalija, Constantinescu, Mihai, Cristiani, Emanuela, Culleton, Brendan J., Curtis, Elizabeth, Davis, Jack, Demcenco, Tatiana I., Dergachev, Valentin, Derin, Zafer, Deskaj, Sylvia, Devejyan, Seda, Djordjević, Vojislav, Duffett Carlson, Kellie Sara, Eccles, Laurie R., Elenski, Nedko, Engin, Atilla, Erdoğan, Nihat, Erir-Pazarcı, Sabiha, Fernandes, Daniel M., Ferry, Matthew, Freilich, Suzanne, Frînculeasa, Alin, Galaty, Michael L., Gamarra, Beatriz, Gasparyan, Boris, Gaydarska, Bisserka, Genç, Elif, Gültekin, Timur, Gündüz, Serkan, Hajdu, Tamás, Heyd, Volker, Hobosyan, Suren, Hovhannisyan, Nelli, Iliev, Iliya, Iliev, Lora, Iliev, Stanislav, İvgin, İlkay, Janković, Ivor, Jovanova, Lence, Karkanas, Panagiotis, Kavaz-Kındığılı, Berna, Kaya, Esra Hilal, Keating, Denise, Kennett, Douglas J., Deniz Kesici, Seda, Khudaverdyan, Anahit, Kiss, Krisztián, Kılıç, Sinan, Klostermann, Paul, Kostak Boca Negra Valdes, Sinem, Kovačević, Saša, Krenz-Niedbała, Marta, Krznarić Škrivanko, Maja, Kurti, Rovena, Kuzman, Pasko, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazar, Catalin, Leshtakov, Krassimir, Levy, Thomas E., Liritzis, Ioannis, Lorentz, Kirsi O., Łukasik, Sylwia, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Martirosyan-Olshansky, Kristine, Matthews, Roger, Matthews, Wendy, McSweeney, Kathleen, Melikyan, Varduhi, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Milašinović, Lidija, Mittnik, Alissa, Monge, Janet M., Nekhrizov, Georgi, Nicholls, Rebecca, Nikitin, Alexey G., Nikolov, Vassil, Novak, Mario, Olalde, Iñigo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Osterholtz, Anna, Özdemir, Celal, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Öztürk, Nurettin, Papadimitriou, Nikos, Papakonstantinou, Niki, Papathanasiou, Anastasia, Paraman, Lujana, Paskary, Evgeny G., Patterson, Nick, Petrakiev, Ilian, Petrosyan, Levon, Petrova, Vanya, Philippa-Touchais, Anna, Piliposyan, Ashot, Pocuca Kuzman, Nada, Potrebica, Hrvoje, Preda-Bălănică, Bianca, Premužić, Zrinka, Price, T. Douglas, Qiu, Lijun, Radović, Siniša, Raeuf Aziz, Kamal, Rajić Šikanjić, Petra, Rasheed Raheem, Kamal, Razumov, Sergei, Richardson, Amy, Roodenberg, Jacob, Ruka, Rudenc, Russeva, Victoria, Şahin, Mustafa, Şarbak, Ayşegül, Savaş, Emre, Schattke, Constanze, Schepartz, Lynne, Selçuk, Tayfun, Sevim-Erol, Ayla, Shamoon-Pour, Michel, Shephard, Henry M., Sideris, Athanasios, Simalcsik, Angela, Simonyan, Hakob, Sinika, Vitalij, Sirak, Kendra, Sirbu, Ghenadie, Šlaus, Mario, Soficaru, Andrei, Söğüt, Bilal, Sołtysiak, Arkadiusz, Sönmez-Sözer, Çilem, Stathi, Maria, Steskal, Martin, Stewardson, Kristin, Stocker, Sharon, Suata-Alpaslan, Fadime, Suvorov, Alexander, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamás, Telnov, Nikolai, Temov, Strahil, Todorova, Nadezhda, Tota, Ulsi, Touchais, Gilles, Triantaphyllou, Sevi, Türker, Atila, Ugarković, Marina, Valchev, Todor, Veljanovska, Fanica, Videvski, Zlatko, Virag, Cristian, Wagner, Anna, Walsh, Samantha, Włodarczak, Piotr, Workman, J. Noah, Yardumian, Aram, Yarovoy, Evgenii, Yavuz, Alper Yener, Yılmaz, Hakan, Zalzala, Fatma, Zettl, Anna, Zhang, Zhao, Çavuşoğlu, Rafet, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, Reich, David, Lazaridis, Iosif, Alpaslan-Roodenberg, Songül, Acar, Ayşe, Açıkkol, Ayşen, Agelarakis, Anagnostis, Aghikyan, Levon, Akyüz, Uğur, Andreeva, Desislava, Andrijašević, Gojko, Antonović, Dragana, Armit, Ian, Atmaca, Alper, Avetisyan, Pavel, Aytek, Ahmet İhsan, Bacvarov, Krum, Badalyan, Ruben, Bakardzhiev, Stefan, Balen, Jacqueline, Bejko, Lorenc, Bernardos, Rebecca, Bertsatos, Andreas, Biber, Hanifi, Bilir, Ahmet, Bodružić, Mario, Bonogofsky, Michelle, Bonsall, Clive, Borić, Dušan, Borovinić, Nikola, Bravo Morante, Guillermo, Buttinger, Katharina, Callan, Kim, Candilio, Francesca, Carić, Mario, Cheronet, Olivia, Chohadzhiev, Stefan, Chovalopoulou, Maria-Eleni, Chryssoulaki, Stella, Ciobanu, Ion, Čondić, Natalija, Constantinescu, Mihai, Cristiani, Emanuela, Culleton, Brendan J., Curtis, Elizabeth, Davis, Jack, Demcenco, Tatiana I., Dergachev, Valentin, Derin, Zafer, Deskaj, Sylvia, Devejyan, Seda, Djordjević, Vojislav, Duffett Carlson, Kellie Sara, Eccles, Laurie R., Elenski, Nedko, Engin, Atilla, Erdoğan, Nihat, Erir-Pazarcı, Sabiha, Fernandes, Daniel M., Ferry, Matthew, Freilich, Suzanne, Frînculeasa, Alin, Galaty, Michael L., Gamarra, Beatriz, Gasparyan, Boris, Gaydarska, Bisserka, Genç, Elif, Gültekin, Timur, Gündüz, Serkan, Hajdu, Tamás, Heyd, Volker, Hobosyan, Suren, Hovhannisyan, Nelli, Iliev, Iliya, Iliev, Lora, Iliev, Stanislav, İvgin, İlkay, Janković, Ivor, Jovanova, Lence, Karkanas, Panagiotis, Kavaz-Kındığılı, Berna, Kaya, Esra Hilal, Keating, Denise, Kennett, Douglas J., Deniz Kesici, Seda, Khudaverdyan, Anahit, Kiss, Krisztián, Kılıç, Sinan, Klostermann, Paul, Kostak Boca Negra Valdes, Sinem, Kovačević, Saša, Krenz-Niedbała, Marta, Krznarić Škrivanko, Maja, Kurti, Rovena, Kuzman, Pasko, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazar, Catalin, Leshtakov, Krassimir, Levy, Thomas E., Liritzis, Ioannis, Lorentz, Kirsi O., Łukasik, Sylwia, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Martirosyan-Olshansky, Kristine, Matthews, Roger, Matthews, Wendy, McSweeney, Kathleen, Melikyan, Varduhi, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Milašinović, Lidija, Mittnik, Alissa, Monge, Janet M., Nekhrizov, Georgi, Nicholls, Rebecca, Nikitin, Alexey G., Nikolov, Vassil, Novak, Mario, Olalde, Iñigo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Osterholtz, Anna, Özdemir, Celal, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Öztürk, Nurettin, Papadimitriou, Nikos, Papakonstantinou, Niki, Papathanasiou, Anastasia, Paraman, Lujana, Paskary, Evgeny G., Patterson, Nick, Petrakiev, Ilian, Petrosyan, Levon, Petrova, Vanya, Philippa-Touchais, Anna, Piliposyan, Ashot, Pocuca Kuzman, Nada, Potrebica, Hrvoje, Preda-Bălănică, Bianca, Premužić, Zrinka, Price, T. Douglas, Qiu, Lijun, Radović, Siniša, Raeuf Aziz, Kamal, Rajić Šikanjić, Petra, Rasheed Raheem, Kamal, Razumov, Sergei, Richardson, Amy, Roodenberg, Jacob, Ruka, Rudenc, Russeva, Victoria, Şahin, Mustafa, Şarbak, Ayşegül, Savaş, Emre, Schattke, Constanze, Schepartz, Lynne, Selçuk, Tayfun, Sevim-Erol, Ayla, Shamoon-Pour, Michel, Shephard, Henry M., Sideris, Athanasios, Simalcsik, Angela, Simonyan, Hakob, Sinika, Vitalij, Sirak, Kendra, Sirbu, Ghenadie, Šlaus, Mario, Soficaru, Andrei, Söğüt, Bilal, Sołtysiak, Arkadiusz, Sönmez-Sözer, Çilem, Stathi, Maria, Steskal, Martin, Stewardson, Kristin, Stocker, Sharon, Suata-Alpaslan, Fadime, Suvorov, Alexander, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamás, Telnov, Nikolai, Temov, Strahil, Todorova, Nadezhda, Tota, Ulsi, Touchais, Gilles, Triantaphyllou, Sevi, Türker, Atila, Ugarković, Marina, Valchev, Todor, Veljanovska, Fanica, Videvski, Zlatko, Virag, Cristian, Wagner, Anna, Walsh, Samantha, Włodarczak, Piotr, Workman, J. Noah, Yardumian, Aram, Yarovoy, Evgenii, Yavuz, Alper Yener, Yılmaz, Hakan, Zalzala, Fatma, Zettl, Anna, Zhang, Zhao, Çavuşoğlu, Rafet, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, and Reich, David
Abstract: We present the first ancient DNA data from the Pre-Pottery Neolithic of Mesopotamia (Southeastern Turkey and Northern Iraq), Cyprus, and the Northwestern Zagros, along with the first data from Neolithic Armenia. We show that these and neighboring populations were formed through admixture of pre-Neolithic sources related to Anatolian, Caucasus, and Levantine hunter-gatherers, forming a Neolithic continuum of ancestry mirroring the geography of West Asia. By analyzing Pre-Pottery and Pottery Neolithic populations of Anatolia, we show that the former were derived from admixture between Mesopotamian-related and local Epipaleolithic-related sources, but the latter experienced additional Levantine-related gene flow, thus documenting at least two pulses of migration from the Fertile Crescent heartland to the early farmers of Anatolia.
Published: 2022

28. A genetic probe into the ancient and medieval history of Southern Europe and West Asia

Author: Lazaridis, Iosif, Alpaslan-Roodenberg, Songul, Acar, Ayse, Acikkol, Aysen, Agelarakis, Anagnostis, Aghikyan, Levon, Akyuz, Ugur, Andreeva, Desislava, Andrijasevic, Gojko, Anatonovic, Dragana, Armit, Ian, Atmaca, Alper, Avetisyan, Alper, Avetisyan, Pavel, Aytek, Ahmet Ihsan, Bacvarov, Krum, Badalyan, Ruben, Bakardzhiev, Stefan, Balen, Jacqueline, Bejko, Lorenc, Bernardos, Rebecca, Bertsatos, Andreas, Biber, Hanifi, Bilir, Ahmet, Brodruzic, Mario, Bonogofsky, Michelle, Bonsall, Clive, Boric, Dusan, Borovinic, Nikola, Morante, Guillermo Bravo, Buttinger, Katharina, Callan, Kim, Candilio, Francesca, Caric, Mario, Cheronet, Olivia, Chohadzhiev, Stefan, Chovalopoulou, Maria-Eleni, Chryssoulaki, Stella, Ciobanu, Ion, Condic, Natalija, Constantienescu, Mihai, Cristiani, Emanuela, Culleton, Brendan J, Curtis, Elizabeth, Davis, Jack, Davtyan, Ruben, Demcenco, Tatiana I, Dergachev, Valentin, Derin, Zafer, Deskaj, Sylvia, Devejyan, Seda, Djordjevic, Vojislav, Duffett Carlson, Kellie Sara, Eccles, Laurie R, Elenski, Nedko, Engin, Atilla, Erdogan, Nihat, Erir-Pazarci, Sabiha, Fernandes, Daniel M, Ferry, Matthew, Freilich, Suzanne, Frinculeasa, Alin, Galaty, Michael L, Gamarra, Beatriz, Gasparyan, Boris, Gaydarska, Bisserka, Genc, Elif, Gultekin, Timur, Gunduz, Serkan, Hajdu, Tamas, Heyd, Volker, Hobosyan, Suren, Hovhannisyan, Nelli, Iliev, Ilya, Iliev, Stanislav, Ivgin, Ilkay, Jankovic, Ivor, Jovanova, Lence, Karkanas, Panagiotis, Kavaz-Kindigili, Berna, Kaya, Esra Hilal, Keating, Denise, Kennett, Douglas J, Kesici, Seda Deniz, Khudaverdyan, Anahit, Kiss, Krisztian, Kilic, Sinan, Klostermann, Paul, Negra Valdes, Sniem Kostak Boca, Kovacevic, Sasa, Krenz-Niedbala, Marta, Skrivanko, Maja Krznaric, Kurti, Rovena, Kuzman, Pasko, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazar, Catalin, Leshtakov, Krassimir, Levy, Thomas E, Liritzis, Ioannis, Lorentz, Kirsi O, Lukasik, Sylwia, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Martirosyan-Olshansky, Kristine, Matthews, Roger, Matthews, Wendy, McSweeney, Kathleen, Melikyan, Varduhi, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Milasinovic, Lidija, Mittnik, Alissa, Monge, Janet M, Nekhrizov, Georgi, Nicholls, Rebecca, Nikitin, Alexey G, Nikolov, Vassil, Novak, Mario, Olalde, Inigo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Osterholtz, Anna, Ozdemir, Celal, Ozdogan, Kadir Toykan, Ozturk, Nurettin, Papadimitriou, Nikos, Papakonstantinou, Niki, Papathanasiou, Anastasia, Paraman, Lujana, Paskary, Evgeny G, Patterson, Nick, Petrakiev, Ilian, Petrosyan, Levon, Petrova, Vanya, Phillippa-Touchais, Anna, Piliposyan, Ashot, Pocuca Kuzman, Nada, Potrebica, Hrvoje, Preda-Balancia, Bianca, Premuzic, Zrinka, Price, T Douglas, Qiu, Lijun, Radovic, Sinisa, Raeuf Aziz, Kamal, Rajic Sikanjic, Petra, Rasheed Raheem, Kamal, Razumov, Sergei, Richardson, Amy, Roodenberg, Jacob, Ruka, Rudenc, Rasseva, Victoria, Sahin, Mustafa, Sarbak, Aysegul, Savas, Emre, Schattke, Constanze, Schepartz, Lynne, Selcuk, Tayfun, Sevim-Erol, Ayla, Shamoon-Pour, Michel, Shephard, Henry M, Sideris, Athanasios, Simalcsik, Angela, Simonyan, Hakob, Sinika, Vitalij, Sirak, Kendra, Sirbu, Ghenadie, Slaus, Mario, Soficaru, Andrei, Sogut, Bilal, Soltysiak, Arkadiusz, Sonmez-Sozer, Cilem, Stathi, Maria, Steskal, Martin, Stewardson, Kristin, Stocker, Sharon, Suata-Alpaslan, Fadime, Suvorov, Alexander, Szecsenyi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamas, Telnov, Nikolai, Temov, Strahil, Todorova, Nadezhda, Tota, Ulsi, Touchais, Gilles, Triantaphyllou, Sevi, Turker, Atila, Ugarkovic, Marina, Valchev, Todor, Veljanovska, Fancia, Videvski, Zlatko, Virag, Christian, Wagner, Anna, Walsh, Samantha, Wlodarczak, Piotr, Workman, J Noah, Yardumian, Aram, Yarovoy, Evgenii, Yavuz, Alper Yener, Yilmaz, Hakan, Zalzala, Fatma, Zettl, Anna, Zhang, Zhao, Cavusoglu, Rafet, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, Reich, David, Lazaridis, Iosif, Alpaslan-Roodenberg, Songul, Acar, Ayse, Acikkol, Aysen, Agelarakis, Anagnostis, Aghikyan, Levon, Akyuz, Ugur, Andreeva, Desislava, Andrijasevic, Gojko, Anatonovic, Dragana, Armit, Ian, Atmaca, Alper, Avetisyan, Alper, Avetisyan, Pavel, Aytek, Ahmet Ihsan, Bacvarov, Krum, Badalyan, Ruben, Bakardzhiev, Stefan, Balen, Jacqueline, Bejko, Lorenc, Bernardos, Rebecca, Bertsatos, Andreas, Biber, Hanifi, Bilir, Ahmet, Brodruzic, Mario, Bonogofsky, Michelle, Bonsall, Clive, Boric, Dusan, Borovinic, Nikola, Morante, Guillermo Bravo, Buttinger, Katharina, Callan, Kim, Candilio, Francesca, Caric, Mario, Cheronet, Olivia, Chohadzhiev, Stefan, Chovalopoulou, Maria-Eleni, Chryssoulaki, Stella, Ciobanu, Ion, Condic, Natalija, Constantienescu, Mihai, Cristiani, Emanuela, Culleton, Brendan J, Curtis, Elizabeth, Davis, Jack, Davtyan, Ruben, Demcenco, Tatiana I, Dergachev, Valentin, Derin, Zafer, Deskaj, Sylvia, Devejyan, Seda, Djordjevic, Vojislav, Duffett Carlson, Kellie Sara, Eccles, Laurie R, Elenski, Nedko, Engin, Atilla, Erdogan, Nihat, Erir-Pazarci, Sabiha, Fernandes, Daniel M, Ferry, Matthew, Freilich, Suzanne, Frinculeasa, Alin, Galaty, Michael L, Gamarra, Beatriz, Gasparyan, Boris, Gaydarska, Bisserka, Genc, Elif, Gultekin, Timur, Gunduz, Serkan, Hajdu, Tamas, Heyd, Volker, Hobosyan, Suren, Hovhannisyan, Nelli, Iliev, Ilya, Iliev, Stanislav, Ivgin, Ilkay, Jankovic, Ivor, Jovanova, Lence, Karkanas, Panagiotis, Kavaz-Kindigili, Berna, Kaya, Esra Hilal, Keating, Denise, Kennett, Douglas J, Kesici, Seda Deniz, Khudaverdyan, Anahit, Kiss, Krisztian, Kilic, Sinan, Klostermann, Paul, Negra Valdes, Sniem Kostak Boca, Kovacevic, Sasa, Krenz-Niedbala, Marta, Skrivanko, Maja Krznaric, Kurti, Rovena, Kuzman, Pasko, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazar, Catalin, Leshtakov, Krassimir, Levy, Thomas E, Liritzis, Ioannis, Lorentz, Kirsi O, Lukasik, Sylwia, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Martirosyan-Olshansky, Kristine, Matthews, Roger, Matthews, Wendy, McSweeney, Kathleen, Melikyan, Varduhi, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Milasinovic, Lidija, Mittnik, Alissa, Monge, Janet M, Nekhrizov, Georgi, Nicholls, Rebecca, Nikitin, Alexey G, Nikolov, Vassil, Novak, Mario, Olalde, Inigo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Osterholtz, Anna, Ozdemir, Celal, Ozdogan, Kadir Toykan, Ozturk, Nurettin, Papadimitriou, Nikos, Papakonstantinou, Niki, Papathanasiou, Anastasia, Paraman, Lujana, Paskary, Evgeny G, Patterson, Nick, Petrakiev, Ilian, Petrosyan, Levon, Petrova, Vanya, Phillippa-Touchais, Anna, Piliposyan, Ashot, Pocuca Kuzman, Nada, Potrebica, Hrvoje, Preda-Balancia, Bianca, Premuzic, Zrinka, Price, T Douglas, Qiu, Lijun, Radovic, Sinisa, Raeuf Aziz, Kamal, Rajic Sikanjic, Petra, Rasheed Raheem, Kamal, Razumov, Sergei, Richardson, Amy, Roodenberg, Jacob, Ruka, Rudenc, Rasseva, Victoria, Sahin, Mustafa, Sarbak, Aysegul, Savas, Emre, Schattke, Constanze, Schepartz, Lynne, Selcuk, Tayfun, Sevim-Erol, Ayla, Shamoon-Pour, Michel, Shephard, Henry M, Sideris, Athanasios, Simalcsik, Angela, Simonyan, Hakob, Sinika, Vitalij, Sirak, Kendra, Sirbu, Ghenadie, Slaus, Mario, Soficaru, Andrei, Sogut, Bilal, Soltysiak, Arkadiusz, Sonmez-Sozer, Cilem, Stathi, Maria, Steskal, Martin, Stewardson, Kristin, Stocker, Sharon, Suata-Alpaslan, Fadime, Suvorov, Alexander, Szecsenyi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamas, Telnov, Nikolai, Temov, Strahil, Todorova, Nadezhda, Tota, Ulsi, Touchais, Gilles, Triantaphyllou, Sevi, Turker, Atila, Ugarkovic, Marina, Valchev, Todor, Veljanovska, Fancia, Videvski, Zlatko, Virag, Christian, Wagner, Anna, Walsh, Samantha, Wlodarczak, Piotr, Workman, J Noah, Yardumian, Aram, Yarovoy, Evgenii, Yavuz, Alper Yener, Yilmaz, Hakan, Zalzala, Fatma, Zettl, Anna, Zhang, Zhao, Cavusoglu, Rafet, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, and Reich, David
Abstract: Literary and archaeological sources have preserved a rich history of Southern Europe and West Asia since the Bronze Age that can be complemented by genetics. Mycenaean period elites in Greece did not differ from the general population and included both people with some steppe ancestry and others, like the Griffin Warrior, without it. Similarly, people in the central area of the Urartian Kingdom around Lake Van lacked the steppe ancestry characteristic of the kingdom’s northern provinces. Anatolia exhibited extraordinary continuity down to the Roman and Byzantine periods, with its people serving as the demographic core of much of the Roman Empire, including the city of Rome itself. During medieval times, migrations associated with Slavic and Turkic speakers profoundly affected the region.
Published: 2022

29. Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age

Author: Patterson, Nick, Isakov, Michael, Booth, Thomas, Büster, Lindsey, Fischer, Claire-Elise, Olalde, Iñigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Akbari, Ali, Cheronet, Olivia, Bleasdale, Madeleine, Adamski, Nicole, Altena, Eveline, Bernardos, Rebecca, Brace, Selina, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Candilio, Francesca, Culleton, Brendan, Curtis, Elizabeth, Demetz, Lea, Carlson, Kellie Sara Duffett, Fernandes, Daniel M, Foody, M George B, Freilich, Suzanne, Goodchild, Helen, Kearns, Aisling, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazaridis, Iosif, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Morante, Guillermo Bravo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Qiu, Lijun, Schattke, Constanze, Stewardson, Kristin, Workman, J Noah, Zalzala, Fatma, Zhang, Zhao, Agustí, Bibiana, Allen, Tim, Almássy, Katalin, Amkreutz, Luc, Ash, Abigail, Baillif-Ducros, Christèle, Barclay, Alistair, Bartosiewicz, László, Baxter, Katherine, Bernert, Zsolt, Blažek, Jan, Bodružić, Mario, Boissinot, Philippe, Bonsall, Clive, Bradley, Pippa, Brittain, Marcus, Brookes, Alison, Brown, Fraser, Brown, Lisa, Brunning, Richard, Budd, Chelsea, Burmaz, Josip, Canet, Sylvain, Carnicero-Cáceres, Silvia, Čaušević-Bully, Morana, Chamberlain, Andrew, Chauvin, Sébastien, Clough, Sharon, Čondić, Natalija, Coppa, Alfredo, Craig, Oliver, Črešnar, Matija, Cummings, Vicki, Czifra, Szabolcs, Danielisová, Alžběta, Daniels, Robin, Davies, Alex, de Jersey, Philip, Deacon, Jody, Deminger, Csilla, Ditchfield, Peter W, Dizdar, Marko, Dobeš, Miroslav, Dobisíková, Miluše, Domboróczki, László, Drinkall, Gail, Đukić, Ana, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Ernée, Michal, Evans, Christopher, Evans, Jane, Fernández-Götz, Manuel, Filipović, Slavica, Fitzpatrick, Andrew, Fokkens, Harry, Fowler, Chris, Fox, Allison, Gallina, Zsolt, Gamble, Michelle, González Morales, Manuel R, González-Rabanal, Borja, Green, Adrian, Gyenesei, Katalin, Habermehl, Diederick, Hajdu, Tamás, Hamilton, Derek, Harris, James, Hayden, Chris, Hendriks, Joep, Hernu, Bénédicte, Hey, Gill, Horňák, Milan, Ilon, Gábor, Istvánovits, Eszter, Jones, Andy M, Kavur, Martina Blečić, Kazek, Kevin, Kenyon, Robert A, Khreisheh, Amal, Kiss, Viktória, Kleijne, Jos, Knight, Mark, Kootker, Lisette M, Kovács, Péter F, Kozubová, Anita, Kulcsár, Gabriella, Kulcsár, Valéria, Le Pennec, Christophe, Legge, Michael, Leivers, Matt, Loe, Louise, López-Costas, Olalla, Lord, Tom, Los, Dženi, Lyall, James, Marín-Arroyo, Ana B, Mason, Philip, Matošević, Damir, Maxted, Andy, McIntyre, Lauren, McKinley, Jacqueline, McSweeney, Kathleen, Meijlink, Bernard, Mende, Balázs G, Menđušić, Marko, Metlička, Milan, Meyer, Sophie, Mihovilić, Kristina, Milasinovic, Lidija, Minnitt, Steve, Moore, Joanna, Morley, Geoff, Mullan, Graham, Musilová, Margaréta, Neil, Benjamin, Nicholls, Rebecca, Novak, Mario, Pala, Maria, Papworth, Martin, Paresys, Cécile, Patten, Ricky, Perkić, Domagoj, Pesti, Krisztina, Petit, Alba, Petriščáková, Katarína, Pichon, Coline, Pickard, Catriona, Pilling, Zoltán, Price, T Douglas, Radović, Siniša, Redfern, Rebecca, Resutík, Branislav, Rhodes, Daniel T, Richards, Martin B, Roberts, Amy, Roefstra, Jean, Sankot, Pavel, Šefčáková, Alena, Sheridan, Alison, Skae, Sabine, Šmolíková, Miroslava, Somogyi, Krisztina, Somogyvári, Ágnes, Stephens, Mark, Szabó, Géza, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamás, Tabor, Jonathan, Tankó, Károly, Maria, Clenis Tavarez, Terry, Rachel, Teržan, Biba, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Torres-Martínez, Jesús F, Trapp, Julien, Turle, Ross, Ujvári, Ferenc, van der Heiden, Menno, Veleminsky, Petr, Veselka, Barbara, Vytlačil, Zdeněk, Waddington, Clive, Ware, Paula, Wilkinson, Paul, Wilson, Linda, Wiseman, Rob, Young, Eilidh, Zaninović, Joško, Žitňan, Andrej, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, de Knijff, Peter, Barnes, Ian, Halkon, Peter, Thomas, Mark G, Kennett, Douglas J, Cunliffe, Barry, Lillie, Malcolm, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, Armit, Ian, Reich, David, Patterson, Nick, Isakov, Michael, Booth, Thomas, Büster, Lindsey, Fischer, Claire-Elise, Olalde, Iñigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Akbari, Ali, Cheronet, Olivia, Bleasdale, Madeleine, Adamski, Nicole, Altena, Eveline, Bernardos, Rebecca, Brace, Selina, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Candilio, Francesca, Culleton, Brendan, Curtis, Elizabeth, Demetz, Lea, Carlson, Kellie Sara Duffett, Fernandes, Daniel M, Foody, M George B, Freilich, Suzanne, Goodchild, Helen, Kearns, Aisling, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazaridis, Iosif, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Morante, Guillermo Bravo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Qiu, Lijun, Schattke, Constanze, Stewardson, Kristin, Workman, J Noah, Zalzala, Fatma, Zhang, Zhao, Agustí, Bibiana, Allen, Tim, Almássy, Katalin, Amkreutz, Luc, Ash, Abigail, Baillif-Ducros, Christèle, Barclay, Alistair, Bartosiewicz, László, Baxter, Katherine, Bernert, Zsolt, Blažek, Jan, Bodružić, Mario, Boissinot, Philippe, Bonsall, Clive, Bradley, Pippa, Brittain, Marcus, Brookes, Alison, Brown, Fraser, Brown, Lisa, Brunning, Richard, Budd, Chelsea, Burmaz, Josip, Canet, Sylvain, Carnicero-Cáceres, Silvia, Čaušević-Bully, Morana, Chamberlain, Andrew, Chauvin, Sébastien, Clough, Sharon, Čondić, Natalija, Coppa, Alfredo, Craig, Oliver, Črešnar, Matija, Cummings, Vicki, Czifra, Szabolcs, Danielisová, Alžběta, Daniels, Robin, Davies, Alex, de Jersey, Philip, Deacon, Jody, Deminger, Csilla, Ditchfield, Peter W, Dizdar, Marko, Dobeš, Miroslav, Dobisíková, Miluše, Domboróczki, László, Drinkall, Gail, Đukić, Ana, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Ernée, Michal, Evans, Christopher, Evans, Jane, Fernández-Götz, Manuel, Filipović, Slavica, Fitzpatrick, Andrew, Fokkens, Harry, Fowler, Chris, Fox, Allison, Gallina, Zsolt, Gamble, Michelle, González Morales, Manuel R, González-Rabanal, Borja, Green, Adrian, Gyenesei, Katalin, Habermehl, Diederick, Hajdu, Tamás, Hamilton, Derek, Harris, James, Hayden, Chris, Hendriks, Joep, Hernu, Bénédicte, Hey, Gill, Horňák, Milan, Ilon, Gábor, Istvánovits, Eszter, Jones, Andy M, Kavur, Martina Blečić, Kazek, Kevin, Kenyon, Robert A, Khreisheh, Amal, Kiss, Viktória, Kleijne, Jos, Knight, Mark, Kootker, Lisette M, Kovács, Péter F, Kozubová, Anita, Kulcsár, Gabriella, Kulcsár, Valéria, Le Pennec, Christophe, Legge, Michael, Leivers, Matt, Loe, Louise, López-Costas, Olalla, Lord, Tom, Los, Dženi, Lyall, James, Marín-Arroyo, Ana B, Mason, Philip, Matošević, Damir, Maxted, Andy, McIntyre, Lauren, McKinley, Jacqueline, McSweeney, Kathleen, Meijlink, Bernard, Mende, Balázs G, Menđušić, Marko, Metlička, Milan, Meyer, Sophie, Mihovilić, Kristina, Milasinovic, Lidija, Minnitt, Steve, Moore, Joanna, Morley, Geoff, Mullan, Graham, Musilová, Margaréta, Neil, Benjamin, Nicholls, Rebecca, Novak, Mario, Pala, Maria, Papworth, Martin, Paresys, Cécile, Patten, Ricky, Perkić, Domagoj, Pesti, Krisztina, Petit, Alba, Petriščáková, Katarína, Pichon, Coline, Pickard, Catriona, Pilling, Zoltán, Price, T Douglas, Radović, Siniša, Redfern, Rebecca, Resutík, Branislav, Rhodes, Daniel T, Richards, Martin B, Roberts, Amy, Roefstra, Jean, Sankot, Pavel, Šefčáková, Alena, Sheridan, Alison, Skae, Sabine, Šmolíková, Miroslava, Somogyi, Krisztina, Somogyvári, Ágnes, Stephens, Mark, Szabó, Géza, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamás, Tabor, Jonathan, Tankó, Károly, Maria, Clenis Tavarez, Terry, Rachel, Teržan, Biba, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Torres-Martínez, Jesús F, Trapp, Julien, Turle, Ross, Ujvári, Ferenc, van der Heiden, Menno, Veleminsky, Petr, Veselka, Barbara, Vytlačil, Zdeněk, Waddington, Clive, Ware, Paula, Wilkinson, Paul, Wilson, Linda, Wiseman, Rob, Young, Eilidh, Zaninović, Joško, Žitňan, Andrej, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, de Knijff, Peter, Barnes, Ian, Halkon, Peter, Thomas, Mark G, Kennett, Douglas J, Cunliffe, Barry, Lillie, Malcolm, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, Armit, Ian, and Reich, David
Abstract: Present-day people from England and Wales harbour more ancestry derived from Early European Farmers (EEF) than people of the Early Bronze Age . To understand this, we generated genome-wide data from 793 individuals, increasing data from the Middle to Late Bronze and Iron Age in Britain by 12-fold, and Western and Central Europe by 3.5-fold. Between 1000 and 875 BC, EEF ancestry increased in southern Britain (England and Wales) but not northern Britain (Scotland) due to incorporation of migrants who arrived at this time and over previous centuries, and who were genetically most similar to ancient individuals from France. These migrants contributed about half the ancestry of Iron Age people of England and Wales, thereby creating a plausible vector for the spread of early Celtic languages into Britain. These patterns are part of a broader trend of EEF ancestry becoming more similar across central and western Europe in the Middle to Late Bronze Age, coincident with archaeological evidence of intensified cultural exchange . There was comparatively less gene flow from continental Europe during the Iron Age, and Britain's independent genetic trajectory is also reflected in the rise of the allele conferring lactase persistence to ~50% by this time compared to ~7% in central Europe where it rose rapidly in frequency only a millennium later. This suggests that dairy products were used in qualitatively different ways in Britain and in central Europe over this period. [Abstract copyright: © 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.]
Published: 2021

30. A high-resolution picture of kinship practices in an Early Neolithic tomb

Author: Fowler, Chris, Olalde, Iñigo, Cummings, Vicki, Armit, Ian, Buster, Lindsay, Cuthbert, Sarah, Rohland, Nadin, Cheronet, Olivia, Pinhasi, Ron, Reich, David, Fowler, Chris, Olalde, Iñigo, Cummings, Vicki, Armit, Ian, Buster, Lindsay, Cuthbert, Sarah, Rohland, Nadin, Cheronet, Olivia, Pinhasi, Ron, and Reich, David
Abstract: To explore kinship practices at chambered tombs in Early Neolithic Britain, here we combined archaeological and genetic analyses of 35 individuals who lived about 5,700 years ago and were entombed at Hazleton North long cairn1. Twenty-seven individuals are part of the first extended pedigree reconstructed from ancient DNA, a five-generation family whose many interrelationships provide statistical power to document kinship practices that were invisible without direct genetic data. Patrilineal descent was key in determining who was buried in the tomb, as all 15 intergenerational transmissions were through men. The presence of women who had reproduced with lineage men and the absence of adult lineage daughters suggest virilocal burial and female exogamy. We demonstrate that one male progenitor reproduced with four women: the descendants of two of those women were buried in the same half of the tomb over all generations. This suggests that maternal sub-lineages were grouped into branches whose distinctiveness was recognized during the construction of the tomb. Four men descended from non-lineage fathers and mothers who also reproduced with lineage male individuals, suggesting that some men adopted the children of their reproductive partners by other men into their patriline. Eight individuals were not close biological relatives of the main lineage, raising the possibility that kinship also encompassed social bonds independent of biological relatedness.
Published: 2021

31. Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age

Author: Patterson, Nick, Isakov, Michael, Booth, Thomas, Büster, Lindsey, Fischer, Claire-Elise, Olalde, Iñigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Akbari, Ali, Cheronet, Olivia, Bleasdale, Madeleine, Adamski, Nicole, Altena, Eveline, Bernardos, Rebecca, Brace, Selina, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Candilio, Francesca, Culleton, Brendan, Curtis, Elizabeth, Demetz, Lea, Carlson, Kellie Sara Duffett, Fernandes, Daniel M, Foody, M George B, Freilich, Suzanne, Goodchild, Helen, Kearns, Aisling, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazaridis, Iosif, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Morante, Guillermo Bravo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Qiu, Lijun, Schattke, Constanze, Stewardson, Kristin, Workman, J Noah, Zalzala, Fatma, Zhang, Zhao, Agustí, Bibiana, Allen, Tim, Almássy, Katalin, Amkreutz, Luc, Ash, Abigail, Baillif-Ducros, Christèle, Barclay, Alistair, Bartosiewicz, László, Baxter, Katherine, Bernert, Zsolt, Blažek, Jan, Bodružić, Mario, Boissinot, Philippe, Bonsall, Clive, Bradley, Pippa, Brittain, Marcus, Brookes, Alison, Brown, Fraser, Brown, Lisa, Brunning, Richard, Budd, Chelsea, Burmaz, Josip, Canet, Sylvain, Carnicero-Cáceres, Silvia, Čaušević-Bully, Morana, Chamberlain, Andrew, Chauvin, Sébastien, Clough, Sharon, Čondić, Natalija, Coppa, Alfredo, Craig, Oliver, Črešnar, Matija, Cummings, Vicki, Czifra, Szabolcs, Danielisová, Alžběta, Daniels, Robin, Davies, Alex, de Jersey, Philip, Deacon, Jody, Deminger, Csilla, Ditchfield, Peter W, Dizdar, Marko, Dobeš, Miroslav, Dobisíková, Miluše, Domboróczki, László, Drinkall, Gail, Đukić, Ana, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Ernée, Michal, Evans, Christopher, Evans, Jane, Fernández-Götz, Manuel, Filipović, Slavica, Fitzpatrick, Andrew, Fokkens, Harry, Fowler, Chris, Fox, Allison, Gallina, Zsolt, Gamble, Michelle, González Morales, Manuel R, González-Rabanal, Borja, Green, Adrian, Gyenesei, Katalin, Habermehl, Diederick, Hajdu, Tamás, Hamilton, Derek, Harris, James, Hayden, Chris, Hendriks, Joep, Hernu, Bénédicte, Hey, Gill, Horňák, Milan, Ilon, Gábor, Istvánovits, Eszter, Jones, Andy M, Kavur, Martina Blečić, Kazek, Kevin, Kenyon, Robert A, Khreisheh, Amal, Kiss, Viktória, Kleijne, Jos, Knight, Mark, Kootker, Lisette M, Kovács, Péter F, Kozubová, Anita, Kulcsár, Gabriella, Kulcsár, Valéria, Le Pennec, Christophe, Legge, Michael, Leivers, Matt, Loe, Louise, López-Costas, Olalla, Lord, Tom, Los, Dženi, Lyall, James, Marín-Arroyo, Ana B, Mason, Philip, Matošević, Damir, Maxted, Andy, McIntyre, Lauren, McKinley, Jacqueline, McSweeney, Kathleen, Meijlink, Bernard, Mende, Balázs G, Menđušić, Marko, Metlička, Milan, Meyer, Sophie, Mihovilić, Kristina, Milasinovic, Lidija, Minnitt, Steve, Moore, Joanna, Morley, Geoff, Mullan, Graham, Musilová, Margaréta, Neil, Benjamin, Nicholls, Rebecca, Novak, Mario, Pala, Maria, Papworth, Martin, Paresys, Cécile, Patten, Ricky, Perkić, Domagoj, Pesti, Krisztina, Petit, Alba, Petriščáková, Katarína, Pichon, Coline, Pickard, Catriona, Pilling, Zoltán, Price, T Douglas, Radović, Siniša, Redfern, Rebecca, Resutík, Branislav, Rhodes, Daniel T, Richards, Martin B, Roberts, Amy, Roefstra, Jean, Sankot, Pavel, Šefčáková, Alena, Sheridan, Alison, Skae, Sabine, Šmolíková, Miroslava, Somogyi, Krisztina, Somogyvári, Ágnes, Stephens, Mark, Szabó, Géza, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamás, Tabor, Jonathan, Tankó, Károly, Maria, Clenis Tavarez, Terry, Rachel, Teržan, Biba, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Torres-Martínez, Jesús F, Trapp, Julien, Turle, Ross, Ujvári, Ferenc, van der Heiden, Menno, Veleminsky, Petr, Veselka, Barbara, Vytlačil, Zdeněk, Waddington, Clive, Ware, Paula, Wilkinson, Paul, Wilson, Linda, Wiseman, Rob, Young, Eilidh, Zaninović, Joško, Žitňan, Andrej, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, de Knijff, Peter, Barnes, Ian, Halkon, Peter, Thomas, Mark G, Kennett, Douglas J, Cunliffe, Barry, Lillie, Malcolm, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, Armit, Ian, Reich, David, Patterson, Nick, Isakov, Michael, Booth, Thomas, Büster, Lindsey, Fischer, Claire-Elise, Olalde, Iñigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Akbari, Ali, Cheronet, Olivia, Bleasdale, Madeleine, Adamski, Nicole, Altena, Eveline, Bernardos, Rebecca, Brace, Selina, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Candilio, Francesca, Culleton, Brendan, Curtis, Elizabeth, Demetz, Lea, Carlson, Kellie Sara Duffett, Fernandes, Daniel M, Foody, M George B, Freilich, Suzanne, Goodchild, Helen, Kearns, Aisling, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazaridis, Iosif, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Morante, Guillermo Bravo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Qiu, Lijun, Schattke, Constanze, Stewardson, Kristin, Workman, J Noah, Zalzala, Fatma, Zhang, Zhao, Agustí, Bibiana, Allen, Tim, Almássy, Katalin, Amkreutz, Luc, Ash, Abigail, Baillif-Ducros, Christèle, Barclay, Alistair, Bartosiewicz, László, Baxter, Katherine, Bernert, Zsolt, Blažek, Jan, Bodružić, Mario, Boissinot, Philippe, Bonsall, Clive, Bradley, Pippa, Brittain, Marcus, Brookes, Alison, Brown, Fraser, Brown, Lisa, Brunning, Richard, Budd, Chelsea, Burmaz, Josip, Canet, Sylvain, Carnicero-Cáceres, Silvia, Čaušević-Bully, Morana, Chamberlain, Andrew, Chauvin, Sébastien, Clough, Sharon, Čondić, Natalija, Coppa, Alfredo, Craig, Oliver, Črešnar, Matija, Cummings, Vicki, Czifra, Szabolcs, Danielisová, Alžběta, Daniels, Robin, Davies, Alex, de Jersey, Philip, Deacon, Jody, Deminger, Csilla, Ditchfield, Peter W, Dizdar, Marko, Dobeš, Miroslav, Dobisíková, Miluše, Domboróczki, László, Drinkall, Gail, Đukić, Ana, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Ernée, Michal, Evans, Christopher, Evans, Jane, Fernández-Götz, Manuel, Filipović, Slavica, Fitzpatrick, Andrew, Fokkens, Harry, Fowler, Chris, Fox, Allison, Gallina, Zsolt, Gamble, Michelle, González Morales, Manuel R, González-Rabanal, Borja, Green, Adrian, Gyenesei, Katalin, Habermehl, Diederick, Hajdu, Tamás, Hamilton, Derek, Harris, James, Hayden, Chris, Hendriks, Joep, Hernu, Bénédicte, Hey, Gill, Horňák, Milan, Ilon, Gábor, Istvánovits, Eszter, Jones, Andy M, Kavur, Martina Blečić, Kazek, Kevin, Kenyon, Robert A, Khreisheh, Amal, Kiss, Viktória, Kleijne, Jos, Knight, Mark, Kootker, Lisette M, Kovács, Péter F, Kozubová, Anita, Kulcsár, Gabriella, Kulcsár, Valéria, Le Pennec, Christophe, Legge, Michael, Leivers, Matt, Loe, Louise, López-Costas, Olalla, Lord, Tom, Los, Dženi, Lyall, James, Marín-Arroyo, Ana B, Mason, Philip, Matošević, Damir, Maxted, Andy, McIntyre, Lauren, McKinley, Jacqueline, McSweeney, Kathleen, Meijlink, Bernard, Mende, Balázs G, Menđušić, Marko, Metlička, Milan, Meyer, Sophie, Mihovilić, Kristina, Milasinovic, Lidija, Minnitt, Steve, Moore, Joanna, Morley, Geoff, Mullan, Graham, Musilová, Margaréta, Neil, Benjamin, Nicholls, Rebecca, Novak, Mario, Pala, Maria, Papworth, Martin, Paresys, Cécile, Patten, Ricky, Perkić, Domagoj, Pesti, Krisztina, Petit, Alba, Petriščáková, Katarína, Pichon, Coline, Pickard, Catriona, Pilling, Zoltán, Price, T Douglas, Radović, Siniša, Redfern, Rebecca, Resutík, Branislav, Rhodes, Daniel T, Richards, Martin B, Roberts, Amy, Roefstra, Jean, Sankot, Pavel, Šefčáková, Alena, Sheridan, Alison, Skae, Sabine, Šmolíková, Miroslava, Somogyi, Krisztina, Somogyvári, Ágnes, Stephens, Mark, Szabó, Géza, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamás, Tabor, Jonathan, Tankó, Károly, Maria, Clenis Tavarez, Terry, Rachel, Teržan, Biba, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Torres-Martínez, Jesús F, Trapp, Julien, Turle, Ross, Ujvári, Ferenc, van der Heiden, Menno, Veleminsky, Petr, Veselka, Barbara, Vytlačil, Zdeněk, Waddington, Clive, Ware, Paula, Wilkinson, Paul, Wilson, Linda, Wiseman, Rob, Young, Eilidh, Zaninović, Joško, Žitňan, Andrej, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, de Knijff, Peter, Barnes, Ian, Halkon, Peter, Thomas, Mark G, Kennett, Douglas J, Cunliffe, Barry, Lillie, Malcolm, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, Armit, Ian, and Reich, David
Abstract: Present-day people from England and Wales harbour more ancestry derived from Early European Farmers (EEF) than people of the Early Bronze Age . To understand this, we generated genome-wide data from 793 individuals, increasing data from the Middle to Late Bronze and Iron Age in Britain by 12-fold, and Western and Central Europe by 3.5-fold. Between 1000 and 875 BC, EEF ancestry increased in southern Britain (England and Wales) but not northern Britain (Scotland) due to incorporation of migrants who arrived at this time and over previous centuries, and who were genetically most similar to ancient individuals from France. These migrants contributed about half the ancestry of Iron Age people of England and Wales, thereby creating a plausible vector for the spread of early Celtic languages into Britain. These patterns are part of a broader trend of EEF ancestry becoming more similar across central and western Europe in the Middle to Late Bronze Age, coincident with archaeological evidence of intensified cultural exchange . There was comparatively less gene flow from continental Europe during the Iron Age, and Britain's independent genetic trajectory is also reflected in the rise of the allele conferring lactase persistence to ~50% by this time compared to ~7% in central Europe where it rose rapidly in frequency only a millennium later. This suggests that dairy products were used in qualitatively different ways in Britain and in central Europe over this period. [Abstract copyright: © 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.]
Published: 2021

32. A high-resolution picture of kinship practices in an Early Neolithic tomb

Author: Fowler, Chris, Olalde, Iñigo, Cummings, Vicki, Armit, Ian, Buster, Lindsay, Cuthbert, Sarah, Rohland, Nadin, Cheronet, Olivia, Pinhasi, Ron, Reich, David, Fowler, Chris, Olalde, Iñigo, Cummings, Vicki, Armit, Ian, Buster, Lindsay, Cuthbert, Sarah, Rohland, Nadin, Cheronet, Olivia, Pinhasi, Ron, and Reich, David
Abstract: To explore kinship practices at chambered tombs in Early Neolithic Britain, here we combined archaeological and genetic analyses of 35 individuals who lived about 5,700 years ago and were entombed at Hazleton North long cairn1. Twenty-seven individuals are part of the first extended pedigree reconstructed from ancient DNA, a five-generation family whose many interrelationships provide statistical power to document kinship practices that were invisible without direct genetic data. Patrilineal descent was key in determining who was buried in the tomb, as all 15 intergenerational transmissions were through men. The presence of women who had reproduced with lineage men and the absence of adult lineage daughters suggest virilocal burial and female exogamy. We demonstrate that one male progenitor reproduced with four women: the descendants of two of those women were buried in the same half of the tomb over all generations. This suggests that maternal sub-lineages were grouped into branches whose distinctiveness was recognized during the construction of the tomb. Four men descended from non-lineage fathers and mothers who also reproduced with lineage male individuals, suggesting that some men adopted the children of their reproductive partners by other men into their patriline. Eight individuals were not close biological relatives of the main lineage, raising the possibility that kinship also encompassed social bonds independent of biological relatedness.
Published: 2021

33. A high-resolution picture of kinship practices in an Early Neolithic tomb

Author: Fowler, Chris, Olalde, Iñigo, Cummings, Vicki, Armit, Ian, Buster, Lindsay, Cuthbert, Sarah, Rohland, Nadin, Cheronet, Olivia, Pinhasi, Ron, Reich, David, Fowler, Chris, Olalde, Iñigo, Cummings, Vicki, Armit, Ian, Buster, Lindsay, Cuthbert, Sarah, Rohland, Nadin, Cheronet, Olivia, Pinhasi, Ron, and Reich, David
Abstract: To explore kinship practices at chambered tombs in Early Neolithic Britain, here we combined archaeological and genetic analyses of 35 individuals who lived about 5,700 years ago and were entombed at Hazleton North long cairn1. Twenty-seven individuals are part of the first extended pedigree reconstructed from ancient DNA, a five-generation family whose many interrelationships provide statistical power to document kinship practices that were invisible without direct genetic data. Patrilineal descent was key in determining who was buried in the tomb, as all 15 intergenerational transmissions were through men. The presence of women who had reproduced with lineage men and the absence of adult lineage daughters suggest virilocal burial and female exogamy. We demonstrate that one male progenitor reproduced with four women: the descendants of two of those women were buried in the same half of the tomb over all generations. This suggests that maternal sub-lineages were grouped into branches whose distinctiveness was recognized during the construction of the tomb. Four men descended from non-lineage fathers and mothers who also reproduced with lineage male individuals, suggesting that some men adopted the children of their reproductive partners by other men into their patriline. Eight individuals were not close biological relatives of the main lineage, raising the possibility that kinship also encompassed social bonds independent of biological relatedness.
Published: 2021

34. Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age

Author: Patterson, Nick, Isakov, Michael, Booth, Thomas, Büster, Lindsey, Fischer, Claire-Elise, Olalde, Iñigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Akbari, Ali, Cheronet, Olivia, Bleasdale, Madeleine, Adamski, Nicole, Altena, Eveline, Bernardos, Rebecca, Brace, Selina, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Candilio, Francesca, Culleton, Brendan, Curtis, Elizabeth, Demetz, Lea, Carlson, Kellie Sara Duffett, Fernandes, Daniel M, Foody, M George B, Freilich, Suzanne, Goodchild, Helen, Kearns, Aisling, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazaridis, Iosif, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Morante, Guillermo Bravo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Qiu, Lijun, Schattke, Constanze, Stewardson, Kristin, Workman, J Noah, Zalzala, Fatma, Zhang, Zhao, Agustí, Bibiana, Allen, Tim, Almássy, Katalin, Amkreutz, Luc, Ash, Abigail, Baillif-Ducros, Christèle, Barclay, Alistair, Bartosiewicz, László, Baxter, Katherine, Bernert, Zsolt, Blažek, Jan, Bodružić, Mario, Boissinot, Philippe, Bonsall, Clive, Bradley, Pippa, Brittain, Marcus, Brookes, Alison, Brown, Fraser, Brown, Lisa, Brunning, Richard, Budd, Chelsea, Burmaz, Josip, Canet, Sylvain, Carnicero-Cáceres, Silvia, Čaušević-Bully, Morana, Chamberlain, Andrew, Chauvin, Sébastien, Clough, Sharon, Čondić, Natalija, Coppa, Alfredo, Craig, Oliver, Črešnar, Matija, Cummings, Vicki, Czifra, Szabolcs, Danielisová, Alžběta, Daniels, Robin, Davies, Alex, de Jersey, Philip, Deacon, Jody, Deminger, Csilla, Ditchfield, Peter W, Dizdar, Marko, Dobeš, Miroslav, Dobisíková, Miluše, Domboróczki, László, Drinkall, Gail, Đukić, Ana, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Ernée, Michal, Evans, Christopher, Evans, Jane, Fernández-Götz, Manuel, Filipović, Slavica, Fitzpatrick, Andrew, Fokkens, Harry, Fowler, Chris, Fox, Allison, Gallina, Zsolt, Gamble, Michelle, González Morales, Manuel R, González-Rabanal, Borja, Green, Adrian, Gyenesei, Katalin, Habermehl, Diederick, Hajdu, Tamás, Hamilton, Derek, Harris, James, Hayden, Chris, Hendriks, Joep, Hernu, Bénédicte, Hey, Gill, Horňák, Milan, Ilon, Gábor, Istvánovits, Eszter, Jones, Andy M, Kavur, Martina Blečić, Kazek, Kevin, Kenyon, Robert A, Khreisheh, Amal, Kiss, Viktória, Kleijne, Jos, Knight, Mark, Kootker, Lisette M, Kovács, Péter F, Kozubová, Anita, Kulcsár, Gabriella, Kulcsár, Valéria, Le Pennec, Christophe, Legge, Michael, Leivers, Matt, Loe, Louise, López-Costas, Olalla, Lord, Tom, Los, Dženi, Lyall, James, Marín-Arroyo, Ana B, Mason, Philip, Matošević, Damir, Maxted, Andy, McIntyre, Lauren, McKinley, Jacqueline, McSweeney, Kathleen, Meijlink, Bernard, Mende, Balázs G, Menđušić, Marko, Metlička, Milan, Meyer, Sophie, Mihovilić, Kristina, Milasinovic, Lidija, Minnitt, Steve, Moore, Joanna, Morley, Geoff, Mullan, Graham, Musilová, Margaréta, Neil, Benjamin, Nicholls, Rebecca, Novak, Mario, Pala, Maria, Papworth, Martin, Paresys, Cécile, Patten, Ricky, Perkić, Domagoj, Pesti, Krisztina, Petit, Alba, Petriščáková, Katarína, Pichon, Coline, Pickard, Catriona, Pilling, Zoltán, Price, T Douglas, Radović, Siniša, Redfern, Rebecca, Resutík, Branislav, Rhodes, Daniel T, Richards, Martin B, Roberts, Amy, Roefstra, Jean, Sankot, Pavel, Šefčáková, Alena, Sheridan, Alison, Skae, Sabine, Šmolíková, Miroslava, Somogyi, Krisztina, Somogyvári, Ágnes, Stephens, Mark, Szabó, Géza, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamás, Tabor, Jonathan, Tankó, Károly, Maria, Clenis Tavarez, Terry, Rachel, Teržan, Biba, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Torres-Martínez, Jesús F, Trapp, Julien, Turle, Ross, Ujvári, Ferenc, van der Heiden, Menno, Veleminsky, Petr, Veselka, Barbara, Vytlačil, Zdeněk, Waddington, Clive, Ware, Paula, Wilkinson, Paul, Wilson, Linda, Wiseman, Rob, Young, Eilidh, Zaninović, Joško, Žitňan, Andrej, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, de Knijff, Peter, Barnes, Ian, Halkon, Peter, Thomas, Mark G, Kennett, Douglas J, Cunliffe, Barry, Lillie, Malcolm, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, Armit, Ian, Reich, David, Patterson, Nick, Isakov, Michael, Booth, Thomas, Büster, Lindsey, Fischer, Claire-Elise, Olalde, Iñigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Akbari, Ali, Cheronet, Olivia, Bleasdale, Madeleine, Adamski, Nicole, Altena, Eveline, Bernardos, Rebecca, Brace, Selina, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Candilio, Francesca, Culleton, Brendan, Curtis, Elizabeth, Demetz, Lea, Carlson, Kellie Sara Duffett, Fernandes, Daniel M, Foody, M George B, Freilich, Suzanne, Goodchild, Helen, Kearns, Aisling, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazaridis, Iosif, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Morante, Guillermo Bravo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Qiu, Lijun, Schattke, Constanze, Stewardson, Kristin, Workman, J Noah, Zalzala, Fatma, Zhang, Zhao, Agustí, Bibiana, Allen, Tim, Almássy, Katalin, Amkreutz, Luc, Ash, Abigail, Baillif-Ducros, Christèle, Barclay, Alistair, Bartosiewicz, László, Baxter, Katherine, Bernert, Zsolt, Blažek, Jan, Bodružić, Mario, Boissinot, Philippe, Bonsall, Clive, Bradley, Pippa, Brittain, Marcus, Brookes, Alison, Brown, Fraser, Brown, Lisa, Brunning, Richard, Budd, Chelsea, Burmaz, Josip, Canet, Sylvain, Carnicero-Cáceres, Silvia, Čaušević-Bully, Morana, Chamberlain, Andrew, Chauvin, Sébastien, Clough, Sharon, Čondić, Natalija, Coppa, Alfredo, Craig, Oliver, Črešnar, Matija, Cummings, Vicki, Czifra, Szabolcs, Danielisová, Alžběta, Daniels, Robin, Davies, Alex, de Jersey, Philip, Deacon, Jody, Deminger, Csilla, Ditchfield, Peter W, Dizdar, Marko, Dobeš, Miroslav, Dobisíková, Miluše, Domboróczki, László, Drinkall, Gail, Đukić, Ana, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Ernée, Michal, Evans, Christopher, Evans, Jane, Fernández-Götz, Manuel, Filipović, Slavica, Fitzpatrick, Andrew, Fokkens, Harry, Fowler, Chris, Fox, Allison, Gallina, Zsolt, Gamble, Michelle, González Morales, Manuel R, González-Rabanal, Borja, Green, Adrian, Gyenesei, Katalin, Habermehl, Diederick, Hajdu, Tamás, Hamilton, Derek, Harris, James, Hayden, Chris, Hendriks, Joep, Hernu, Bénédicte, Hey, Gill, Horňák, Milan, Ilon, Gábor, Istvánovits, Eszter, Jones, Andy M, Kavur, Martina Blečić, Kazek, Kevin, Kenyon, Robert A, Khreisheh, Amal, Kiss, Viktória, Kleijne, Jos, Knight, Mark, Kootker, Lisette M, Kovács, Péter F, Kozubová, Anita, Kulcsár, Gabriella, Kulcsár, Valéria, Le Pennec, Christophe, Legge, Michael, Leivers, Matt, Loe, Louise, López-Costas, Olalla, Lord, Tom, Los, Dženi, Lyall, James, Marín-Arroyo, Ana B, Mason, Philip, Matošević, Damir, Maxted, Andy, McIntyre, Lauren, McKinley, Jacqueline, McSweeney, Kathleen, Meijlink, Bernard, Mende, Balázs G, Menđušić, Marko, Metlička, Milan, Meyer, Sophie, Mihovilić, Kristina, Milasinovic, Lidija, Minnitt, Steve, Moore, Joanna, Morley, Geoff, Mullan, Graham, Musilová, Margaréta, Neil, Benjamin, Nicholls, Rebecca, Novak, Mario, Pala, Maria, Papworth, Martin, Paresys, Cécile, Patten, Ricky, Perkić, Domagoj, Pesti, Krisztina, Petit, Alba, Petriščáková, Katarína, Pichon, Coline, Pickard, Catriona, Pilling, Zoltán, Price, T Douglas, Radović, Siniša, Redfern, Rebecca, Resutík, Branislav, Rhodes, Daniel T, Richards, Martin B, Roberts, Amy, Roefstra, Jean, Sankot, Pavel, Šefčáková, Alena, Sheridan, Alison, Skae, Sabine, Šmolíková, Miroslava, Somogyi, Krisztina, Somogyvári, Ágnes, Stephens, Mark, Szabó, Géza, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamás, Tabor, Jonathan, Tankó, Károly, Maria, Clenis Tavarez, Terry, Rachel, Teržan, Biba, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Torres-Martínez, Jesús F, Trapp, Julien, Turle, Ross, Ujvári, Ferenc, van der Heiden, Menno, Veleminsky, Petr, Veselka, Barbara, Vytlačil, Zdeněk, Waddington, Clive, Ware, Paula, Wilkinson, Paul, Wilson, Linda, Wiseman, Rob, Young, Eilidh, Zaninović, Joško, Žitňan, Andrej, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, de Knijff, Peter, Barnes, Ian, Halkon, Peter, Thomas, Mark G, Kennett, Douglas J, Cunliffe, Barry, Lillie, Malcolm, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, Armit, Ian, and Reich, David
Abstract: Present-day people from England and Wales harbour more ancestry derived from Early European Farmers (EEF) than people of the Early Bronze Age . To understand this, we generated genome-wide data from 793 individuals, increasing data from the Middle to Late Bronze and Iron Age in Britain by 12-fold, and Western and Central Europe by 3.5-fold. Between 1000 and 875 BC, EEF ancestry increased in southern Britain (England and Wales) but not northern Britain (Scotland) due to incorporation of migrants who arrived at this time and over previous centuries, and who were genetically most similar to ancient individuals from France. These migrants contributed about half the ancestry of Iron Age people of England and Wales, thereby creating a plausible vector for the spread of early Celtic languages into Britain. These patterns are part of a broader trend of EEF ancestry becoming more similar across central and western Europe in the Middle to Late Bronze Age, coincident with archaeological evidence of intensified cultural exchange . There was comparatively less gene flow from continental Europe during the Iron Age, and Britain's independent genetic trajectory is also reflected in the rise of the allele conferring lactase persistence to ~50% by this time compared to ~7% in central Europe where it rose rapidly in frequency only a millennium later. This suggests that dairy products were used in qualitatively different ways in Britain and in central Europe over this period. [Abstract copyright: © 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.]
Published: 2021

35. A high-resolution picture of kinship practices in an Early Neolithic tomb

Author: Fowler, Chris, Olalde, Iñigo, Cummings, Vicki, Armit, Ian, Buster, Lindsay, Cuthbert, Sarah, Rohland, Nadin, Cheronet, Olivia, Pinhasi, Ron, Reich, David, Fowler, Chris, Olalde, Iñigo, Cummings, Vicki, Armit, Ian, Buster, Lindsay, Cuthbert, Sarah, Rohland, Nadin, Cheronet, Olivia, Pinhasi, Ron, and Reich, David
Abstract: To explore kinship practices at chambered tombs in Early Neolithic Britain, here we combined archaeological and genetic analyses of 35 individuals who lived about 5,700 years ago and were entombed at Hazleton North long cairn1. Twenty-seven individuals are part of the first extended pedigree reconstructed from ancient DNA, a five-generation family whose many interrelationships provide statistical power to document kinship practices that were invisible without direct genetic data. Patrilineal descent was key in determining who was buried in the tomb, as all 15 intergenerational transmissions were through men. The presence of women who had reproduced with lineage men and the absence of adult lineage daughters suggest virilocal burial and female exogamy. We demonstrate that one male progenitor reproduced with four women: the descendants of two of those women were buried in the same half of the tomb over all generations. This suggests that maternal sub-lineages were grouped into branches whose distinctiveness was recognized during the construction of the tomb. Four men descended from non-lineage fathers and mothers who also reproduced with lineage male individuals, suggesting that some men adopted the children of their reproductive partners by other men into their patriline. Eight individuals were not close biological relatives of the main lineage, raising the possibility that kinship also encompassed social bonds independent of biological relatedness.
Published: 2021

36. A high-resolution picture of kinship practices in an Early Neolithic tomb

Author: Fowler, Chris, Olalde, Iñigo, Cummings, Vicki, Armit, Ian, Buster, Lindsay, Cuthbert, Sarah, Rohland, Nadin, Cheronet, Olivia, Pinhasi, Ron, Reich, David, Fowler, Chris, Olalde, Iñigo, Cummings, Vicki, Armit, Ian, Buster, Lindsay, Cuthbert, Sarah, Rohland, Nadin, Cheronet, Olivia, Pinhasi, Ron, and Reich, David
Abstract: To explore kinship practices at chambered tombs in Early Neolithic Britain, here we combined archaeological and genetic analyses of 35 individuals who lived about 5,700 years ago and were entombed at Hazleton North long cairn1. Twenty-seven individuals are part of the first extended pedigree reconstructed from ancient DNA, a five-generation family whose many interrelationships provide statistical power to document kinship practices that were invisible without direct genetic data. Patrilineal descent was key in determining who was buried in the tomb, as all 15 intergenerational transmissions were through men. The presence of women who had reproduced with lineage men and the absence of adult lineage daughters suggest virilocal burial and female exogamy. We demonstrate that one male progenitor reproduced with four women: the descendants of two of those women were buried in the same half of the tomb over all generations. This suggests that maternal sub-lineages were grouped into branches whose distinctiveness was recognized during the construction of the tomb. Four men descended from non-lineage fathers and mothers who also reproduced with lineage male individuals, suggesting that some men adopted the children of their reproductive partners by other men into their patriline. Eight individuals were not close biological relatives of the main lineage, raising the possibility that kinship also encompassed social bonds independent of biological relatedness.
Published: 2021

37. Social stratification without genetic differentiation at the site of Kulubnarti in Christian Period Nubia

Author: National Science Foundation (US), John Templeton Foundation, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Paul G. Allen Family Foundation, Sirak, Kendra, Fernandes, Daniel, Lipson, Mark, Mallick, Swapan, Mah, Matthew, Olalde, Iñigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Rohland, Nadin, Hadden, Carla S., Harney, Éadaoin, Adamski, Nicole, Bernardos, Rebecca, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Matthew, Ferry, Lawson, Ann Marie, Michel, Megan, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Stweardson, Krstin, Zalzala, Fatma, Patterson, Nick, Pinhasi, Ron, Thompson, Jessica C., Gerven, Dennis van, Reich, David, National Science Foundation (US), John Templeton Foundation, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Paul G. Allen Family Foundation, Sirak, Kendra, Fernandes, Daniel, Lipson, Mark, Mallick, Swapan, Mah, Matthew, Olalde, Iñigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Rohland, Nadin, Hadden, Carla S., Harney, Éadaoin, Adamski, Nicole, Bernardos, Rebecca, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Matthew, Ferry, Lawson, Ann Marie, Michel, Megan, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Stweardson, Krstin, Zalzala, Fatma, Patterson, Nick, Pinhasi, Ron, Thompson, Jessica C., Gerven, Dennis van, and Reich, David
Abstract: Relatively little is known about Nubia’s genetic landscape prior to the influence of the Islamic migrations that began in the late 1st millennium CE. Here, we increase the number of ancient individuals with genome-level data from the Nile Valley from three to 69, reporting data for 66 individuals from two cemeteries at the Christian Period (~650–1000 CE) site of Kulubnarti, where multiple lines of evidence suggest social stratification. The Kulubnarti Nubians had ~43% Nilotic-related ancestry (individual variation between ~36–54%) with the remaining ancestry consistent with being introduced through Egypt and ultimately deriving from an ancestry pool like that found in the Bronze and Iron Age Levant. The Kulubnarti gene pool – shaped over a millennium – harbors disproportionately female-associated West Eurasian-related ancestry. Genetic similarity among individuals from the two cemeteries supports a hypothesis of social division without genetic distinction. Seven pairs of inter-cemetery relatives suggest fluidity between cemetery groups. Present-day Nubians are not directly descended from the Kulubnarti Nubians, attesting to additional genetic input since the Christian Period.
Published: 2021

38. A high-resolution picture of kinship practices in an Early Neolithic tomb

Author: Fowler, Chris, Olalde, Iñigo, Cummings, Vicki, Armit, Ian, Buster, Lindsay, Cuthbert, Sarah, Rohland, Nadin, Cheronet, Olivia, Pinhasi, Ron, Reich, David, Fowler, Chris, Olalde, Iñigo, Cummings, Vicki, Armit, Ian, Buster, Lindsay, Cuthbert, Sarah, Rohland, Nadin, Cheronet, Olivia, Pinhasi, Ron, and Reich, David
Abstract: To explore kinship practices at chambered tombs in Early Neolithic Britain, here we combined archaeological and genetic analyses of 35 individuals who lived about 5,700 years ago and were entombed at Hazleton North long cairn1. Twenty-seven individuals are part of the first extended pedigree reconstructed from ancient DNA, a five-generation family whose many interrelationships provide statistical power to document kinship practices that were invisible without direct genetic data. Patrilineal descent was key in determining who was buried in the tomb, as all 15 intergenerational transmissions were through men. The presence of women who had reproduced with lineage men and the absence of adult lineage daughters suggest virilocal burial and female exogamy. We demonstrate that one male progenitor reproduced with four women: the descendants of two of those women were buried in the same half of the tomb over all generations. This suggests that maternal sub-lineages were grouped into branches whose distinctiveness was recognized during the construction of the tomb. Four men descended from non-lineage fathers and mothers who also reproduced with lineage male individuals, suggesting that some men adopted the children of their reproductive partners by other men into their patriline. Eight individuals were not close biological relatives of the main lineage, raising the possibility that kinship also encompassed social bonds independent of biological relatedness.
Published: 2021

39. Large-scale migration into Britain during the Middle to Late Bronze Age

Author: Patterson, Nick, Isakov, Michael, Booth, Thomas, Büster, Lindsey, Fischer, Claire-Elise, Olalde, Iñigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Akbari, Ali, Cheronet, Olivia, Bleasdale, Madeleine, Adamski, Nicole, Altena, Eveline, Bernardos, Rebecca, Brace, Selina, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Candilio, Francesca, Culleton, Brendan, Curtis, Elizabeth, Demetz, Lea, Carlson, Kellie Sara Duffett, Fernandes, Daniel M, Foody, M George B, Freilich, Suzanne, Goodchild, Helen, Kearns, Aisling, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazaridis, Iosif, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Morante, Guillermo Bravo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Qiu, Lijun, Schattke, Constanze, Stewardson, Kristin, Workman, J Noah, Zalzala, Fatma, Zhang, Zhao, Agustí, Bibiana, Allen, Tim, Almássy, Katalin, Amkreutz, Luc, Ash, Abigail, Baillif-Ducros, Christèle, Barclay, Alistair, Bartosiewicz, László, Baxter, Katherine, Bernert, Zsolt, Blažek, Jan, Bodružić, Mario, Boissinot, Philippe, Bonsall, Clive, Bradley, Pippa, Brittain, Marcus, Brookes, Alison, Brown, Fraser, Brown, Lisa, Brunning, Richard, Budd, Chelsea, Burmaz, Josip, Canet, Sylvain, Carnicero-Cáceres, Silvia, Čaušević-Bully, Morana, Chamberlain, Andrew, Chauvin, Sébastien, Clough, Sharon, Čondić, Natalija, Coppa, Alfredo, Craig, Oliver, Črešnar, Matija, Cummings, Vicki, Czifra, Szabolcs, Danielisová, Alžběta, Daniels, Robin, Davies, Alex, de Jersey, Philip, Deacon, Jody, Deminger, Csilla, Ditchfield, Peter W, Dizdar, Marko, Dobeš, Miroslav, Dobisíková, Miluše, Domboróczki, László, Drinkall, Gail, Đukić, Ana, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Ernée, Michal, Evans, Christopher, Evans, Jane, Fernández-Götz, Manuel, Filipović, Slavica, Fitzpatrick, Andrew, Fokkens, Harry, Fowler, Chris, Fox, Allison, Gallina, Zsolt, Gamble, Michelle, González Morales, Manuel R, González-Rabanal, Borja, Green, Adrian, Gyenesei, Katalin, Habermehl, Diederick, Hajdu, Tamás, Hamilton, Derek, Harris, James, Hayden, Chris, Hendriks, Joep, Hernu, Bénédicte, Hey, Gill, Horňák, Milan, Ilon, Gábor, Istvánovits, Eszter, Jones, Andy M, Kavur, Martina Blečić, Kazek, Kevin, Kenyon, Robert A, Khreisheh, Amal, Kiss, Viktória, Kleijne, Jos, Knight, Mark, Kootker, Lisette M, Kovács, Péter F, Kozubová, Anita, Kulcsár, Gabriella, Kulcsár, Valéria, Le Pennec, Christophe, Legge, Michael, Leivers, Matt, Loe, Louise, López-Costas, Olalla, Lord, Tom, Los, Dženi, Lyall, James, Marín-Arroyo, Ana B, Mason, Philip, Matošević, Damir, Maxted, Andy, McIntyre, Lauren, McKinley, Jacqueline, McSweeney, Kathleen, Meijlink, Bernard, Mende, Balázs G, Menđušić, Marko, Metlička, Milan, Meyer, Sophie, Mihovilić, Kristina, Milasinovic, Lidija, Minnitt, Steve, Moore, Joanna, Morley, Geoff, Mullan, Graham, Musilová, Margaréta, Neil, Benjamin, Nicholls, Rebecca, Novak, Mario, Pala, Maria, Papworth, Martin, Paresys, Cécile, Patten, Ricky, Perkić, Domagoj, Pesti, Krisztina, Petit, Alba, Petriščáková, Katarína, Pichon, Coline, Pickard, Catriona, Pilling, Zoltán, Price, T Douglas, Radović, Siniša, Redfern, Rebecca, Resutík, Branislav, Rhodes, Daniel T, Richards, Martin B, Roberts, Amy, Roefstra, Jean, Sankot, Pavel, Šefčáková, Alena, Sheridan, Alison, Skae, Sabine, Šmolíková, Miroslava, Somogyi, Krisztina, Somogyvári, Ágnes, Stephens, Mark, Szabó, Géza, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamás, Tabor, Jonathan, Tankó, Károly, Maria, Clenis Tavarez, Terry, Rachel, Teržan, Biba, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Torres-Martínez, Jesús F, Trapp, Julien, Turle, Ross, Ujvári, Ferenc, van der Heiden, Menno, Veleminsky, Petr, Veselka, Barbara, Vytlačil, Zdeněk, Waddington, Clive, Ware, Paula, Wilkinson, Paul, Wilson, Linda, Wiseman, Rob, Young, Eilidh, Zaninović, Joško, Žitňan, Andrej, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, de Knijff, Peter, Barnes, Ian, Halkon, Peter, Thomas, Mark G, Kennett, Douglas J, Cunliffe, Barry, Lillie, Malcolm, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, Armit, Ian, Reich, David, Patterson, Nick, Isakov, Michael, Booth, Thomas, Büster, Lindsey, Fischer, Claire-Elise, Olalde, Iñigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Akbari, Ali, Cheronet, Olivia, Bleasdale, Madeleine, Adamski, Nicole, Altena, Eveline, Bernardos, Rebecca, Brace, Selina, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Candilio, Francesca, Culleton, Brendan, Curtis, Elizabeth, Demetz, Lea, Carlson, Kellie Sara Duffett, Fernandes, Daniel M, Foody, M George B, Freilich, Suzanne, Goodchild, Helen, Kearns, Aisling, Lawson, Ann Marie, Lazaridis, Iosif, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Mandl, Kirsten, Micco, Adam, Michel, Megan, Morante, Guillermo Bravo, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan, Qiu, Lijun, Schattke, Constanze, Stewardson, Kristin, Workman, J Noah, Zalzala, Fatma, Zhang, Zhao, Agustí, Bibiana, Allen, Tim, Almássy, Katalin, Amkreutz, Luc, Ash, Abigail, Baillif-Ducros, Christèle, Barclay, Alistair, Bartosiewicz, László, Baxter, Katherine, Bernert, Zsolt, Blažek, Jan, Bodružić, Mario, Boissinot, Philippe, Bonsall, Clive, Bradley, Pippa, Brittain, Marcus, Brookes, Alison, Brown, Fraser, Brown, Lisa, Brunning, Richard, Budd, Chelsea, Burmaz, Josip, Canet, Sylvain, Carnicero-Cáceres, Silvia, Čaušević-Bully, Morana, Chamberlain, Andrew, Chauvin, Sébastien, Clough, Sharon, Čondić, Natalija, Coppa, Alfredo, Craig, Oliver, Črešnar, Matija, Cummings, Vicki, Czifra, Szabolcs, Danielisová, Alžběta, Daniels, Robin, Davies, Alex, de Jersey, Philip, Deacon, Jody, Deminger, Csilla, Ditchfield, Peter W, Dizdar, Marko, Dobeš, Miroslav, Dobisíková, Miluše, Domboróczki, László, Drinkall, Gail, Đukić, Ana, Edwards, Ceiridwen J, Ernée, Michal, Evans, Christopher, Evans, Jane, Fernández-Götz, Manuel, Filipović, Slavica, Fitzpatrick, Andrew, Fokkens, Harry, Fowler, Chris, Fox, Allison, Gallina, Zsolt, Gamble, Michelle, González Morales, Manuel R, González-Rabanal, Borja, Green, Adrian, Gyenesei, Katalin, Habermehl, Diederick, Hajdu, Tamás, Hamilton, Derek, Harris, James, Hayden, Chris, Hendriks, Joep, Hernu, Bénédicte, Hey, Gill, Horňák, Milan, Ilon, Gábor, Istvánovits, Eszter, Jones, Andy M, Kavur, Martina Blečić, Kazek, Kevin, Kenyon, Robert A, Khreisheh, Amal, Kiss, Viktória, Kleijne, Jos, Knight, Mark, Kootker, Lisette M, Kovács, Péter F, Kozubová, Anita, Kulcsár, Gabriella, Kulcsár, Valéria, Le Pennec, Christophe, Legge, Michael, Leivers, Matt, Loe, Louise, López-Costas, Olalla, Lord, Tom, Los, Dženi, Lyall, James, Marín-Arroyo, Ana B, Mason, Philip, Matošević, Damir, Maxted, Andy, McIntyre, Lauren, McKinley, Jacqueline, McSweeney, Kathleen, Meijlink, Bernard, Mende, Balázs G, Menđušić, Marko, Metlička, Milan, Meyer, Sophie, Mihovilić, Kristina, Milasinovic, Lidija, Minnitt, Steve, Moore, Joanna, Morley, Geoff, Mullan, Graham, Musilová, Margaréta, Neil, Benjamin, Nicholls, Rebecca, Novak, Mario, Pala, Maria, Papworth, Martin, Paresys, Cécile, Patten, Ricky, Perkić, Domagoj, Pesti, Krisztina, Petit, Alba, Petriščáková, Katarína, Pichon, Coline, Pickard, Catriona, Pilling, Zoltán, Price, T Douglas, Radović, Siniša, Redfern, Rebecca, Resutík, Branislav, Rhodes, Daniel T, Richards, Martin B, Roberts, Amy, Roefstra, Jean, Sankot, Pavel, Šefčáková, Alena, Sheridan, Alison, Skae, Sabine, Šmolíková, Miroslava, Somogyi, Krisztina, Somogyvári, Ágnes, Stephens, Mark, Szabó, Géza, Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna, Szeniczey, Tamás, Tabor, Jonathan, Tankó, Károly, Maria, Clenis Tavarez, Terry, Rachel, Teržan, Biba, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Torres-Martínez, Jesús F, Trapp, Julien, Turle, Ross, Ujvári, Ferenc, van der Heiden, Menno, Veleminsky, Petr, Veselka, Barbara, Vytlačil, Zdeněk, Waddington, Clive, Ware, Paula, Wilkinson, Paul, Wilson, Linda, Wiseman, Rob, Young, Eilidh, Zaninović, Joško, Žitňan, Andrej, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, de Knijff, Peter, Barnes, Ian, Halkon, Peter, Thomas, Mark G, Kennett, Douglas J, Cunliffe, Barry, Lillie, Malcolm, Rohland, Nadin, Pinhasi, Ron, Armit, Ian, and Reich, David
Abstract: Present-day people from England and Wales harbour more ancestry derived from Early European Farmers (EEF) than people of the Early Bronze Age . To understand this, we generated genome-wide data from 793 individuals, increasing data from the Middle to Late Bronze and Iron Age in Britain by 12-fold, and Western and Central Europe by 3.5-fold. Between 1000 and 875 BC, EEF ancestry increased in southern Britain (England and Wales) but not northern Britain (Scotland) due to incorporation of migrants who arrived at this time and over previous centuries, and who were genetically most similar to ancient individuals from France. These migrants contributed about half the ancestry of Iron Age people of England and Wales, thereby creating a plausible vector for the spread of early Celtic languages into Britain. These patterns are part of a broader trend of EEF ancestry becoming more similar across central and western Europe in the Middle to Late Bronze Age, coincident with archaeological evidence of intensified cultural exchange . There was comparatively less gene flow from continental Europe during the Iron Age, and Britain's independent genetic trajectory is also reflected in the rise of the allele conferring lactase persistence to ~50% by this time compared to ~7% in central Europe where it rose rapidly in frequency only a millennium later. This suggests that dairy products were used in qualitatively different ways in Britain and in central Europe over this period. [Abstract copyright: © 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.]
Published: 2021

40. Genome-wide analysis of nearly all the victims of a 6200 year old massacre

Author: Croatian Science Foundation, Fundación la Caixa, National Institutes of Health (US), John Templeton Foundation, Paul G. Allen Family Foundation, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Institute of General Medical Sciences (US), Novak, Mario, Olalde, Iñigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Rohland, Nadin, Ahern, James, Balen, Jacqueline, Janković, Ivor, Potrebica, Hrvoje, Pinhasi, Ron, Reich, David, Croatian Science Foundation, Fundación la Caixa, National Institutes of Health (US), John Templeton Foundation, Paul G. Allen Family Foundation, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Institute of General Medical Sciences (US), Novak, Mario, Olalde, Iñigo, Ringbauer, Harald, Rohland, Nadin, Ahern, James, Balen, Jacqueline, Janković, Ivor, Potrebica, Hrvoje, Pinhasi, Ron, and Reich, David
Abstract: Paleogenomic and bioanthropological studies of ancient massacres have highlighted sites where the victims were male and plausibly died all in battle, or were executed members of the same family as might be expected from a killing intentionally directed at subsets of a community, or where the massacred individuals were plausibly members of a migrant community in conflict with previously established groups, or where there was evidence that the killing was part of a religious ritual. Here we provide evidence of killing on a massive scale in prehistory that was not directed to a specific family, based on genome-wide ancient DNA for 38 of the 41 documented victims of a 6,200 year old massacre in Potočani, Croatia and combining our results with bioanthropological data. We highlight three results: (i) the majority of individuals were unrelated and instead were a sample of what was clearly a large farming population, (ii) the ancestry of the individuals was homogenous which makes it unlikely that the massacre was linked to the arrival of new genetic ancestry, and (iii) there were approximately equal numbers of males and females. Combined with the bioanthropological evidence that the victims were of a wide range of ages, these results show that large-scale indiscriminate killing is a horror that is not just a feature of the modern and historic periods, but was also a significant process in pre-state societies.
Published: 2021

41. A genetic history of the pre-contact Caribbean

Author: National Geographic Society, Ministero degli Affari Esteri e della Cooperazione Internazionale, National Science Foundation (US), National Institute of General Medical Sciences (US), Paul G. Allen Family Foundation, John Templeton Foundation, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Fernandes, Daniel, Sirak, Kendra, Ringbauer, Harald, Sedig, Jakob, Rohland, Nadin, Cheronet, Olivia, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Olalde, Iñigo, Culleton, Brendan J., Adamski, Nicole, Bernardos, Rebecca, Bravo, Guillermo, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Candilio, Francesca, Demetz, Lea, Duffett Carlson, Kellie Sara, Eccles, Laurie, Freilich, Suzanne, George, Richard J., Lawson, Ann Marie, Mandl, Kirsten, Marzaioli, Fabio, McCool, Weston C., Oppenheimer, Jonas, Özdoğan, Kadir T., Schattke, Constanze, Schmidt, Ryan, Stewardson, Kristin, Terrasi, Filippo, Zalzala, Fatma, Arredondo Antúnez, Carlos, Vento Canosa, Ercilio, Colten, Roger, Cucina, Andrea, Genchi, Francesco, Kraan, Claudia, La Pastina, Francesco, Lucci, Michaela, Veloz Maggiolo, Marcio, Marcheco-Teruel, Beatriz, Tavarez Maria, Clenis, Martínez, Christian, París, Ingeborg, Pateman, Michael, Simms, Tanya M., García Sivoli, Carlos, Vilar, Miguel, Kennett, Douglas J., Keegan, William F., Coppa, Alfredo, Lipson, Mark, Pinhasi, Ron, Reich, David, National Geographic Society, Ministero degli Affari Esteri e della Cooperazione Internazionale, National Science Foundation (US), National Institute of General Medical Sciences (US), Paul G. Allen Family Foundation, John Templeton Foundation, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Fernandes, Daniel, Sirak, Kendra, Ringbauer, Harald, Sedig, Jakob, Rohland, Nadin, Cheronet, Olivia, Mah, Matthew, Mallick, Swapan, Olalde, Iñigo, Culleton, Brendan J., Adamski, Nicole, Bernardos, Rebecca, Bravo, Guillermo, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Callan, Kimberly, Candilio, Francesca, Demetz, Lea, Duffett Carlson, Kellie Sara, Eccles, Laurie, Freilich, Suzanne, George, Richard J., Lawson, Ann Marie, Mandl, Kirsten, Marzaioli, Fabio, McCool, Weston C., Oppenheimer, Jonas, Özdoğan, Kadir T., Schattke, Constanze, Schmidt, Ryan, Stewardson, Kristin, Terrasi, Filippo, Zalzala, Fatma, Arredondo Antúnez, Carlos, Vento Canosa, Ercilio, Colten, Roger, Cucina, Andrea, Genchi, Francesco, Kraan, Claudia, La Pastina, Francesco, Lucci, Michaela, Veloz Maggiolo, Marcio, Marcheco-Teruel, Beatriz, Tavarez Maria, Clenis, Martínez, Christian, París, Ingeborg, Pateman, Michael, Simms, Tanya M., García Sivoli, Carlos, Vilar, Miguel, Kennett, Douglas J., Keegan, William F., Coppa, Alfredo, Lipson, Mark, Pinhasi, Ron, and Reich, David
Abstract: Humans settled the Caribbean about 6,000 years ago, and ceramic use and intensified agriculture mark a shift from the Archaic to the Ceramic Age at around 2,500 years ago1,2,3. Here we report genome-wide data from 174 ancient individuals from The Bahamas, Haiti and the Dominican Republic (collectively, Hispaniola), Puerto Rico, Curaçao and Venezuela, which we co-analysed with 89 previously published ancient individuals. Stone-tool-using Caribbean people, who first entered the Caribbean during the Archaic Age, derive from a deeply divergent population that is closest to Central and northern South American individuals; contrary to previous work4, we find no support for ancestry contributed by a population related to North American individuals. Archaic-related lineages were >98% replaced by a genetically homogeneous ceramic-using population related to speakers of languages in the Arawak family from northeast South America; these people moved through the Lesser Antilles and into the Greater Antilles at least 1,700 years ago, introducing ancestry that is still present. Ancient Caribbean people avoided close kin unions despite limited mate pools that reflect small effective population sizes, which we estimate to be a minimum of 500–1,500 and a maximum of 1,530–8,150 individuals on the combined islands of Puerto Rico and Hispaniola in the dozens of generations before the individuals who we analysed lived. Census sizes are unlikely to be more than tenfold larger than effective population sizes, so previous pan-Caribbean estimates of hundreds of thousands of people are too large5,6. Confirming a small and interconnected Ceramic Age population7, we detect 19 pairs of cross-island cousins, close relatives buried around 75 km apart in Hispaniola and low genetic differentiation across islands. Genetic continuity across transitions in pottery styles reveals that cultural changes during the Ceramic Age were not driven by migration of genetically differentiated groups from the main
Published: 2021

42. Ancient genomes in South Patagonia reveal population movements associated with technological shifts and geography

Author: National Geographic Society, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Argentina), Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (Argentina), National Institutes of Health (US), John Templeton Foundation, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Nakatsuka, Nathan, Luisi, Pierre, Motti, Josefina M. B., Salemm, Mónica, Santiago, Fernando, D’Angelo del Campo, Manuel D., Vecchi, Rodrigo J., Espinosa-Parrilla, Yolanda, Prieto, Alfredo, Adamski, Nicole, Lawson, Ann Marie, Harper, Thomas K., Culleton, Brendan J., Kennett, Douglas J., Lalueza-Fox, Carles, Mallick, Swapan, Rohland, Nadin, Guichón, R. A., Cabana, Graciela S., Nores, Rodrigo, Reich, David, National Geographic Society, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Argentina), Agencia Nacional de Promoción Científica y Tecnológica (Argentina), National Institutes of Health (US), John Templeton Foundation, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), European Commission, Nakatsuka, Nathan, Luisi, Pierre, Motti, Josefina M. B., Salemm, Mónica, Santiago, Fernando, D’Angelo del Campo, Manuel D., Vecchi, Rodrigo J., Espinosa-Parrilla, Yolanda, Prieto, Alfredo, Adamski, Nicole, Lawson, Ann Marie, Harper, Thomas K., Culleton, Brendan J., Kennett, Douglas J., Lalueza-Fox, Carles, Mallick, Swapan, Rohland, Nadin, Guichón, R. A., Cabana, Graciela S., Nores, Rodrigo, and Reich, David
Abstract: Archaeological research documents major technological shifts among people who have lived in the southern tip of South America (South Patagonia) during the last thirteen millennia, including the development of marine-based economies and changes in tools and raw materials. It has been proposed that movements of people spreading culture and technology propelled some of these shifts, but these hypotheses have not been tested with ancient DNA. Here we report genome-wide data from 20 ancient individuals, and co-analyze it with previously reported data. We reveal that immigration does not explain the appearance of marine adaptations in South Patagonia. We describe partial genetic continuity since ~6600 BP and two later gene flows correlated with technological changes: one between 4700–2000 BP that affected primarily marine-based groups, and a later one impacting all <2000 BP groups. From ~2200–1200 BP, mixture among neighbors resulted in a cline correlated to geographic ordering along the coast.
Published: 2020

43. Author Correction: The spread of steppe and Iranian-related ancestry in the islands of the western Mediterranean

Author: Irish Research Council, National Science Foundation (US), Fundación la Caixa, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Institutes of Health (US), John Templeton Foundation, Fernandes, Daniel, Mittnik, Alissa, Olalde, Iñigo, Lazaridis, Iosif, Cheronet, Olivia, Rohland, Nadin, Mallick, Swapan, Bernardos, Rebecca, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Carlsson, Jens, Culleton, Brendan J., Ferry, Matthew, Gamarra, Beatriz, Lari, Martina, Mah, Matthew, Michel, Megan, Modi, Alessandra, Novak, Mario, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Sirak, Kendra, Stewardson, Kristin, Mandl, Kirsten, Schattke, Constanze, Özdoğan, Kadir T., Lucci, Michaela, Gasperetti, Gabriella, Candilio, Francesca, Salis, Gianfranca, Vai, Stefania, Camarós, Edgard, Calò, Carla, Catalano, Giulio, Cueto, Marian, Forgia, Vincenza, Lozano, Marina, Marini, Elisabetta, Micheletti, Margherita, Miccichè, Roberto M., Palombo, María Rita, Ramis, Damià, Schimmenti, Vittoria, Sureda, Pau, Teira, Luis, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Kennett, Douglas J., Lalueza-Fox, Carles, Patterson, Nick, Sineo, Luca, Coppa, Alfredo, Caramelli, David, Pinhasi, Ron, Reich, David, Irish Research Council, National Science Foundation (US), Fundación la Caixa, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Institutes of Health (US), John Templeton Foundation, Fernandes, Daniel, Mittnik, Alissa, Olalde, Iñigo, Lazaridis, Iosif, Cheronet, Olivia, Rohland, Nadin, Mallick, Swapan, Bernardos, Rebecca, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Carlsson, Jens, Culleton, Brendan J., Ferry, Matthew, Gamarra, Beatriz, Lari, Martina, Mah, Matthew, Michel, Megan, Modi, Alessandra, Novak, Mario, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Sirak, Kendra, Stewardson, Kristin, Mandl, Kirsten, Schattke, Constanze, Özdoğan, Kadir T., Lucci, Michaela, Gasperetti, Gabriella, Candilio, Francesca, Salis, Gianfranca, Vai, Stefania, Camarós, Edgard, Calò, Carla, Catalano, Giulio, Cueto, Marian, Forgia, Vincenza, Lozano, Marina, Marini, Elisabetta, Micheletti, Margherita, Miccichè, Roberto M., Palombo, María Rita, Ramis, Damià, Schimmenti, Vittoria, Sureda, Pau, Teira, Luis, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Kennett, Douglas J., Lalueza-Fox, Carles, Patterson, Nick, Sineo, Luca, Coppa, Alfredo, Caramelli, David, Pinhasi, Ron, and Reich, David
Abstract: Correction to: Nature Ecology & Evolution https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-020-1102-0, published online 24 February 2020.
Published: 2020

44. Ancient West African foragers in the context of African population history

Author: National Fund for Scientific Research (Belgium), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Leakey Foundation, Royal Museum for Central Africa (Belgium), Bradman Foundation, Long Melford Community Sports Trust, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (UK), Université de Montréal, Wellcome Trust, Royal Society (UK), Fundación la Caixa, Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), National Science Foundation (US), Lipson, Mark, Ribot, Isabelle, Mallick, Swapan, Rohland, Nadin, Olalde, Iñigo, Adamski, Nicole, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Lawson, Ann Marie, López, Saioa, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Stewardson, Kristin, Neba’ane Asombang, Raymond, Bocherens, Hervé, Bradman, Neil, Culleton, Brendan J., Cornelissen, Els, Crevecoeur, Isabelle, Maret, Pierre de, Fomine, Forka Leypey Mathew, Lavachery, Philippe, Mindzie, Christophe Mbida, Orban, Rosine, Sawchuk, Elizabeth, Semal, Patrick, Thomas, Mark G., Van Neer, Wim, Veeramah, Krishna R., Kennett, Douglas J., Patterson, Nick, Hellenthal, Garrett, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, MacEachern, Scott, Prendergast, Mary E., Reich, David, National Fund for Scientific Research (Belgium), Université Libre de Bruxelles, Leakey Foundation, Royal Museum for Central Africa (Belgium), Bradman Foundation, Long Melford Community Sports Trust, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (UK), Université de Montréal, Wellcome Trust, Royal Society (UK), Fundación la Caixa, Generalitat de Catalunya, European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), National Science Foundation (US), Lipson, Mark, Ribot, Isabelle, Mallick, Swapan, Rohland, Nadin, Olalde, Iñigo, Adamski, Nicole, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Lawson, Ann Marie, López, Saioa, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Stewardson, Kristin, Neba’ane Asombang, Raymond, Bocherens, Hervé, Bradman, Neil, Culleton, Brendan J., Cornelissen, Els, Crevecoeur, Isabelle, Maret, Pierre de, Fomine, Forka Leypey Mathew, Lavachery, Philippe, Mindzie, Christophe Mbida, Orban, Rosine, Sawchuk, Elizabeth, Semal, Patrick, Thomas, Mark G., Van Neer, Wim, Veeramah, Krishna R., Kennett, Douglas J., Patterson, Nick, Hellenthal, Garrett, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, MacEachern, Scott, Prendergast, Mary E., and Reich, David
Abstract: Our knowledge of ancient human population structure in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly prior to the advent of food production, remains limited. Here we report genome-wide DNA data from four children—two of whom were buried approximately 8,000 years ago and two 3,000 years ago—from Shum Laka (Cameroon), one of the earliest known archaeological sites within the probable homeland of the Bantu language group1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11. One individual carried the deeply divergent Y chromosome haplogroup A00, which today is found almost exclusively in the same region12,13. However, the genome-wide ancestry profiles of all four individuals are most similar to those of present-day hunter-gatherers from western Central Africa, which implies that populations in western Cameroon today—as well as speakers of Bantu languages from across the continent—are not descended substantially from the population represented by these four people. We infer an Africa-wide phylogeny that features widespread admixture and three prominent radiations, including one that gave rise to at least four major lineages deep in the history of modern humans.
Published: 2020

45. The spread of steppe and Iranian-related ancestry in the islands of the western Mediterranean

Author: Irish Research Council, National Science Foundation (US), Fundación la Caixa, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Institutes of Health (US), John Templeton Foundation, Fernandes, Daniel, Mittnik, Alissa, Olalde, Iñigo, Lazaridis, Iosif, Cheronet, Olivia, Rohland, Nadin, Mallick, Swapan, Bernardos, Rebecca, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Carlsson, Jens, Culleton, Brendan J., Ferry, Matthew, Gamarra, Beatriz, Lari, Martina, Mah, Matthew, Michel, Megan, Modi, Alessandra, Novak, Mario, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Sirak, Kendra, Stewardson, Kristin, Mandl, Kirsten, Schattke, Constanze, Özdoğan, Kadir T., Lucci, Michaela, Gasperetti, Gabriella, Candilio, Francesca, Salis, Gianfranca, Vai, Stefania, Camarós, Edgard, Calò, Carla, Catalano, Giulio, Cueto, Marian, Forgia, Vincenza, Lozano, Marina, Marini, Elisabetta, Micheletti, Margherita, Miccichè, Roberto M., Palombo, María Rita, Ramis, Damià, Schimmenti, Vittoria, Sureda, Pau, Teira, Luis, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Kennett, Douglas J., Lalueza-Fox, Carles, Patterson, Nick, Sineo, Luca, Coppa, Alfredo, Caramelli, David, Pinhasi, Ron, Reich, David, Irish Research Council, National Science Foundation (US), Fundación la Caixa, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Institutes of Health (US), John Templeton Foundation, Fernandes, Daniel, Mittnik, Alissa, Olalde, Iñigo, Lazaridis, Iosif, Cheronet, Olivia, Rohland, Nadin, Mallick, Swapan, Bernardos, Rebecca, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Carlsson, Jens, Culleton, Brendan J., Ferry, Matthew, Gamarra, Beatriz, Lari, Martina, Mah, Matthew, Michel, Megan, Modi, Alessandra, Novak, Mario, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Sirak, Kendra, Stewardson, Kristin, Mandl, Kirsten, Schattke, Constanze, Özdoğan, Kadir T., Lucci, Michaela, Gasperetti, Gabriella, Candilio, Francesca, Salis, Gianfranca, Vai, Stefania, Camarós, Edgard, Calò, Carla, Catalano, Giulio, Cueto, Marian, Forgia, Vincenza, Lozano, Marina, Marini, Elisabetta, Micheletti, Margherita, Miccichè, Roberto M., Palombo, María Rita, Ramis, Damià, Schimmenti, Vittoria, Sureda, Pau, Teira, Luis, Teschler-Nicola, Maria, Kennett, Douglas J., Lalueza-Fox, Carles, Patterson, Nick, Sineo, Luca, Coppa, Alfredo, Caramelli, David, Pinhasi, Ron, and Reich, David
Abstract: Steppe-pastoralist-related ancestry reached Central Europe by at least 2500 bc, whereas Iranian farmer-related ancestry was present in Aegean Europe by at least 1900 bc. However, the spread of these ancestries into the western Mediterranean, where they have contributed to many populations that live today, remains poorly understood. Here, we generated genome-wide ancient-DNA data from the Balearic Islands, Sicily and Sardinia, increasing the number of individuals with reported data from 5 to 66. The oldest individual from the Balearic Islands (~2400 bc) carried ancestry from steppe pastoralists that probably derived from west-to-east migration from Iberia, although two later Balearic individuals had less ancestry from steppe pastoralists. In Sicily, steppe pastoralist ancestry arrived by ~2200 bc, in part from Iberia; Iranian-related ancestry arrived by the mid-second millennium bc, contemporary to its previously documented spread to the Aegean; and there was large-scale population replacement after the Bronze Age. In Sardinia, nearly all ancestry derived from the island’s early farmers until the first millennium bc, with the exception of an outlier from the third millennium bc, who had primarily North African ancestry and who—along with an approximately contemporary Iberian—documents widespread Africa-to-Europe gene flow in the Chalcolithic. Major immigration into Sardinia began in the first millennium bc and, at present, no more than 56–62% of Sardinian ancestry is from its first farmers. This value is lower than previous estimates, highlighting that Sardinia, similar to every other region in Europe, has been a stage for major movement and mixtures of people.
Published: 2020

46. Ancient West African foragers in the context of African population history

Author: Lipson, Mark, Ribot, Isabelle, Mallick, Swapan, Rohland, Nadin, Olalde, Iñigo, Adamski, Nicole, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Lawson, Ann Marie, López, Saioa, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Stewardson, Kristin, Asombang, Raymond Neba’ane, Bocherens, Hervé, Bradman, Neil, Culleton, Brendan B.J., Cornelissen, Els, Crevecoeur, Isabelle, de Maret, Pierre, Fomine, Forka Leypey Mathew, Lavachery, Philippe, Mindzie, Christophe Mbida, Orban, Rosine, Sawchuk, Elizabeth, Semal, Patrick, Thomas, Mark M.G., Van Neer, Wim, Veeramah, Krishna K.R., Kennett, Douglas D.J., Patterson, Nick, Hellenthal, Garrett, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, MacEachern, Scott, Prendergast, Mary M.E., Reich, David, Lipson, Mark, Ribot, Isabelle, Mallick, Swapan, Rohland, Nadin, Olalde, Iñigo, Adamski, Nicole, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Lawson, Ann Marie, López, Saioa, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Stewardson, Kristin, Asombang, Raymond Neba’ane, Bocherens, Hervé, Bradman, Neil, Culleton, Brendan B.J., Cornelissen, Els, Crevecoeur, Isabelle, de Maret, Pierre, Fomine, Forka Leypey Mathew, Lavachery, Philippe, Mindzie, Christophe Mbida, Orban, Rosine, Sawchuk, Elizabeth, Semal, Patrick, Thomas, Mark M.G., Van Neer, Wim, Veeramah, Krishna K.R., Kennett, Douglas D.J., Patterson, Nick, Hellenthal, Garrett, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, MacEachern, Scott, Prendergast, Mary M.E., and Reich, David
Abstract: Our knowledge of ancient human population structure in sub-Saharan Africa, particularly prior to the advent of food production, remains limited. Here we report genome-wide DNA data from four children—two of whom were buried approximately 8,000 years ago and two 3,000 years ago—from Shum Laka (Cameroon), one of the earliest known archaeological sites within the probable homeland of the Bantu language group1–11. One individual carried the deeply divergent Y chromosome haplogroup A00, which today is found almost exclusively in the same region12,13. However, the genome-wide ancestry profiles of all four individuals are most similar to those of present-day hunter-gatherers from western Central Africa, which implies that populations in western Cameroon today—as well as speakers of Bantu languages from across the continent—are not descended substantially from the population represented by these four people. We infer an Africa-wide phylogeny that features widespread admixture and three prominent radiations, including one that gave rise to at least four major lineages deep in the history of modern humans., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2020

47. A Paleogenomic Reconstruction of the Deep Population History of the Andes

Author: Nakatsuka, Nathan, Lazaridis, Iosif, Barbieri, Chiara; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8827-5655, Skoglund, Pontus, Rohland, Nadin, Mallick, Swapan, Posth, Cosimo, Harkins-Kinkaid, Kelly, Ferry, Matthew, Harney, Éadaoin, Michel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Novak-Forst, Jannine, Capriles, José M, Durruty, Marta Alfonso, Álvarez, Karina Aranda, Beresford-Jones, David, Burger, Richard, Cadwallader, Lauren, Fujita, Ricardo, Isla, Johny, Lau, George, Aguirre, Carlos Lémuz, LeBlanc, Steven, Maldonado, Sergio Calla, Meddens, Frank, Messineo, Pablo G, Culleton, Brendan J, Harper, Thomas K, Quilter, Jeffrey, et al, Nakatsuka, Nathan, Lazaridis, Iosif, Barbieri, Chiara; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8827-5655, Skoglund, Pontus, Rohland, Nadin, Mallick, Swapan, Posth, Cosimo, Harkins-Kinkaid, Kelly, Ferry, Matthew, Harney, Éadaoin, Michel, Megan, Stewardson, Kristin, Novak-Forst, Jannine, Capriles, José M, Durruty, Marta Alfonso, Álvarez, Karina Aranda, Beresford-Jones, David, Burger, Richard, Cadwallader, Lauren, Fujita, Ricardo, Isla, Johny, Lau, George, Aguirre, Carlos Lémuz, LeBlanc, Steven, Maldonado, Sergio Calla, Meddens, Frank, Messineo, Pablo G, Culleton, Brendan J, Harper, Thomas K, Quilter, Jeffrey, and et al
Abstract: There are many unanswered questions about the population history of the Central and South Central Andes, particularly regarding the impact of large-scale societies, such as the Moche, Wari, Tiwanaku, and Inca. We assembled genome-wide data on 89 individuals dating from ∼9,000-500 years ago (BP), with a particular focus on the period of the rise and fall of state societies. Today’s genetic structure began to develop by 5,800 BP, followed by bi-directional gene flow between the North and South Highlands, and between the Highlands and Coast. We detect minimal admixture among neighboring groups between ∼2,000–500 BP, although we do detect cosmopolitanism (people of diverse ancestries living side-by-side) in the heartlands of the Tiwanaku and Inca polities. We also highlight cases of long-range mobility connecting the Andes to Argentina and the Northwest Andes to the Amazon Basin.
Published: 2020

48. The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years

Author: Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Prehistoria, Arqueología, Historia Antigua, Filología Griega y Filología Latina, Olalde, Iñigo, Mallick, Swapan, Patterson, Nick, Rohland, Nadin, Villalba-Mouco, Vanessa, Silva, Marina, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J., Gandini, Francesca, Pala, Maria, Soares, Pedro, Diez-Castillo, Agustín A., Flores Fernández, Raúl, Francès Farré, Joan, Garrido-Pena, Rafael, Gonçalves, Victor S., Guerra-Doce, Elisa, Herrero-Corral, Ana Mercedes, Juan-Cabanilles, Joaquim, López-Reyes, Daniel, McClure, Sarah B., Oliver Foix, Arturo, Merino Pérez, Marta, Sanz Borràs, Montserrat, Sousa, Ana Catarina, Vidal Encinas, Julio Manuel, Kennett, Douglas J., Richards, Martin B., Werner Alt, Kurt, Haak, Wolfgang, Pinhasi, Ron, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, Ferrando-Bernal, Manuel, Reich, David, Adamski, Nicole, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Cheronet, Olivia, Culleton, Brendan J., Fernandes, Daniel, Lawson, Ann Marie, Mah, Matthew, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Stewardson, Kristin, Zhang, Zhao, Jiménez Arenas, Juan Manuel, Toro Moyano, Isidro Jorge, Salazar-García, Domingo C., Castanyer, Pere, Santos, Marta, Tremoleda, Joaquim, Lozano, Marina, García Borja, Pablo, Fernández-Eraso, Javier, Mujika-Alustiza, José Antonio, Barroso, Cecilio, Bermúdez, Francisco J., Viguera Mínguez, Enrique, Burch, Josep, Coromina, Neus, Vivó, David, Cebrià, Artur, Fullola, Josep Maria, García-Puchol, Oreto, Morales, Juan Ignacio, Oms, F. Xavier, Majó, Tona, Vergès, Josep Maria, Díaz-Carvajal, Antònia, Ollich-Castanyer, Imma, López-Cachero, F. Javier, Silva, Ana Maria, Alonso-Fernández, Carmen, Delibes de Castro, Germán, Jiménez Echevarría, Javier, Moreno-Márquez, Adolfo, Pascual Berlanga, Guillermo, Ramos-García, Pablo, Ramos-Muñoz, José, Vijande Vila, Eduardo, Aguilella Arzo, Gustau, Esparza Arroyo, Ángel, Lillios, Katina T., Mack, Jennifer, Velasco-Vázquez, Javier, Waterman, Anna, Benítez de Lugo Enrich, Luis, Benito Sánchez, María, Agustí, Bibiana, Codina, Ferran, Prado, Gabriel de, Estalrrich, Almudena, Fernández Flores, Álvaro, Finlayson, Clive, Finlayson, Geraldine, Finlayson, Stewart, Giles-Guzmán, Francisco, Rosas, Antonio, Barciela, Virginia, García Atiénzar, Gabriel, Hernández Pérez, Mauro S., Llanos, Armando, Carrión Marco, Yolanda, Collado Beneyto, Isabel, López-Serrano, David, Sanz Tormo, Mario, Valera, António C., Blasco, Concepción, Liesau, Corina, Ríos, Patricia, Daura, Joan, Pedro Michó, María Jesús de, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Prehistoria, Arqueología, Historia Antigua, Filología Griega y Filología Latina, Olalde, Iñigo, Mallick, Swapan, Patterson, Nick, Rohland, Nadin, Villalba-Mouco, Vanessa, Silva, Marina, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J., Gandini, Francesca, Pala, Maria, Soares, Pedro, Diez-Castillo, Agustín A., Flores Fernández, Raúl, Francès Farré, Joan, Garrido-Pena, Rafael, Gonçalves, Victor S., Guerra-Doce, Elisa, Herrero-Corral, Ana Mercedes, Juan-Cabanilles, Joaquim, López-Reyes, Daniel, McClure, Sarah B., Oliver Foix, Arturo, Merino Pérez, Marta, Sanz Borràs, Montserrat, Sousa, Ana Catarina, Vidal Encinas, Julio Manuel, Kennett, Douglas J., Richards, Martin B., Werner Alt, Kurt, Haak, Wolfgang, Pinhasi, Ron, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, Ferrando-Bernal, Manuel, Reich, David, Adamski, Nicole, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Cheronet, Olivia, Culleton, Brendan J., Fernandes, Daniel, Lawson, Ann Marie, Mah, Matthew, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Stewardson, Kristin, Zhang, Zhao, Jiménez Arenas, Juan Manuel, Toro Moyano, Isidro Jorge, Salazar-García, Domingo C., Castanyer, Pere, Santos, Marta, Tremoleda, Joaquim, Lozano, Marina, García Borja, Pablo, Fernández-Eraso, Javier, Mujika-Alustiza, José Antonio, Barroso, Cecilio, Bermúdez, Francisco J., Viguera Mínguez, Enrique, Burch, Josep, Coromina, Neus, Vivó, David, Cebrià, Artur, Fullola, Josep Maria, García-Puchol, Oreto, Morales, Juan Ignacio, Oms, F. Xavier, Majó, Tona, Vergès, Josep Maria, Díaz-Carvajal, Antònia, Ollich-Castanyer, Imma, López-Cachero, F. Javier, Silva, Ana Maria, Alonso-Fernández, Carmen, Delibes de Castro, Germán, Jiménez Echevarría, Javier, Moreno-Márquez, Adolfo, Pascual Berlanga, Guillermo, Ramos-García, Pablo, Ramos-Muñoz, José, Vijande Vila, Eduardo, Aguilella Arzo, Gustau, Esparza Arroyo, Ángel, Lillios, Katina T., Mack, Jennifer, Velasco-Vázquez, Javier, Waterman, Anna, Benítez de Lugo Enrich, Luis, Benito Sánchez, María, Agustí, Bibiana, Codina, Ferran, Prado, Gabriel de, Estalrrich, Almudena, Fernández Flores, Álvaro, Finlayson, Clive, Finlayson, Geraldine, Finlayson, Stewart, Giles-Guzmán, Francisco, Rosas, Antonio, Barciela, Virginia, García Atiénzar, Gabriel, Hernández Pérez, Mauro S., Llanos, Armando, Carrión Marco, Yolanda, Collado Beneyto, Isabel, López-Serrano, David, Sanz Tormo, Mario, Valera, António C., Blasco, Concepción, Liesau, Corina, Ríos, Patricia, Daura, Joan, and Pedro Michó, María Jesús de
Abstract: We assembled genome-wide data from 271 ancient Iberians, of whom 176 are from the largely unsampled period after 2000 BCE, thereby providing a high-resolution time transect of the Iberian Peninsula. We document high genetic substructure between northwestern and southeastern hunter-gatherers before the spread of farming. We reveal sporadic contacts between Iberia and North Africa by ~2500 BCE and, by ~2000 BCE, the replacement of 40% of Iberia’s ancestry and nearly 100% of its Y-chromosomes by people with Steppe ancestry. We show that, in the Iron Age, Steppe ancestry had spread not only into Indo-European–speaking regions but also into non-Indo-European–speaking ones, and we reveal that present-day Basques are best described as a typical Iron Age population without the admixture events that later affected the rest of Iberia. Additionally, we document how, beginning at least in the Roman period, the ancestry of the peninsula was transformed by gene flow from North Africa and the eastern Mediterranean.
Published: 2019

49. The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years

Author: Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Prehistoria, Arqueología, Historia Antigua, Filología Griega y Filología Latina, Olalde, Iñigo, Mallick, Swapan, Patterson, Nick, Rohland, Nadin, Villalba-Mouco, Vanessa, Silva, Marina, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J., Gandini, Francesca, Pala, Maria, Soares, Pedro, Diez-Castillo, Agustín A., Flores Fernández, Raúl, Francès Farré, Joan, Garrido-Pena, Rafael, Gonçalves, Victor S., Guerra-Doce, Elisa, Herrero-Corral, Ana Mercedes, Juan-Cabanilles, Joaquim, López-Reyes, Daniel, McClure, Sarah B., Oliver Foix, Arturo, Merino Pérez, Marta, Sanz Borràs, Montserrat, Sousa, Ana Catarina, Vidal Encinas, Julio Manuel, Kennett, Douglas J., Richards, Martin B., Werner Alt, Kurt, Haak, Wolfgang, Pinhasi, Ron, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, Ferrando-Bernal, Manuel, Reich, David, Adamski, Nicole, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Cheronet, Olivia, Culleton, Brendan J., Fernandes, Daniel, Lawson, Ann Marie, Mah, Matthew, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Stewardson, Kristin, Zhang, Zhao, Jiménez Arenas, Juan Manuel, Toro Moyano, Isidro Jorge, Salazar-García, Domingo C., Castanyer, Pere, Santos, Marta, Tremoleda, Joaquim, Lozano, Marina, García Borja, Pablo, Fernández-Eraso, Javier, Mujika-Alustiza, José Antonio, Barroso, Cecilio, Bermúdez, Francisco J., Viguera Mínguez, Enrique, Burch, Josep, Coromina, Neus, Vivó, David, Cebrià, Artur, Fullola, Josep Maria, García-Puchol, Oreto, Morales, Juan Ignacio, Oms, F. Xavier, Majó, Tona, Vergès, Josep Maria, Díaz-Carvajal, Antònia, Ollich-Castanyer, Imma, López-Cachero, F. Javier, Silva, Ana Maria, Alonso-Fernández, Carmen, Delibes de Castro, Germán, Jiménez Echevarría, Javier, Moreno-Márquez, Adolfo, Pascual Berlanga, Guillermo, Ramos-García, Pablo, Ramos-Muñoz, José, Vijande Vila, Eduardo, Aguilella Arzo, Gustau, Esparza Arroyo, Ángel, Lillios, Katina T., Mack, Jennifer, Velasco-Vázquez, Javier, Waterman, Anna, Benítez de Lugo Enrich, Luis, Benito Sánchez, María, Agustí, Bibiana, Codina, Ferran, Prado, Gabriel de, Estalrrich, Almudena, Fernández Flores, Álvaro, Finlayson, Clive, Finlayson, Geraldine, Finlayson, Stewart, Giles-Guzmán, Francisco, Rosas, Antonio, Barciela, Virginia, García Atiénzar, Gabriel, Hernández Pérez, Mauro S., Llanos, Armando, Carrión Marco, Yolanda, Collado Beneyto, Isabel, López-Serrano, David, Sanz Tormo, Mario, Valera, António C., Blasco, Concepción, Liesau, Corina, Ríos, Patricia, Daura, Joan, Pedro Michó, María Jesús de, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Prehistoria, Arqueología, Historia Antigua, Filología Griega y Filología Latina, Olalde, Iñigo, Mallick, Swapan, Patterson, Nick, Rohland, Nadin, Villalba-Mouco, Vanessa, Silva, Marina, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J., Gandini, Francesca, Pala, Maria, Soares, Pedro, Diez-Castillo, Agustín A., Flores Fernández, Raúl, Francès Farré, Joan, Garrido-Pena, Rafael, Gonçalves, Victor S., Guerra-Doce, Elisa, Herrero-Corral, Ana Mercedes, Juan-Cabanilles, Joaquim, López-Reyes, Daniel, McClure, Sarah B., Oliver Foix, Arturo, Merino Pérez, Marta, Sanz Borràs, Montserrat, Sousa, Ana Catarina, Vidal Encinas, Julio Manuel, Kennett, Douglas J., Richards, Martin B., Werner Alt, Kurt, Haak, Wolfgang, Pinhasi, Ron, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, Ferrando-Bernal, Manuel, Reich, David, Adamski, Nicole, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Cheronet, Olivia, Culleton, Brendan J., Fernandes, Daniel, Lawson, Ann Marie, Mah, Matthew, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Stewardson, Kristin, Zhang, Zhao, Jiménez Arenas, Juan Manuel, Toro Moyano, Isidro Jorge, Salazar-García, Domingo C., Castanyer, Pere, Santos, Marta, Tremoleda, Joaquim, Lozano, Marina, García Borja, Pablo, Fernández-Eraso, Javier, Mujika-Alustiza, José Antonio, Barroso, Cecilio, Bermúdez, Francisco J., Viguera Mínguez, Enrique, Burch, Josep, Coromina, Neus, Vivó, David, Cebrià, Artur, Fullola, Josep Maria, García-Puchol, Oreto, Morales, Juan Ignacio, Oms, F. Xavier, Majó, Tona, Vergès, Josep Maria, Díaz-Carvajal, Antònia, Ollich-Castanyer, Imma, López-Cachero, F. Javier, Silva, Ana Maria, Alonso-Fernández, Carmen, Delibes de Castro, Germán, Jiménez Echevarría, Javier, Moreno-Márquez, Adolfo, Pascual Berlanga, Guillermo, Ramos-García, Pablo, Ramos-Muñoz, José, Vijande Vila, Eduardo, Aguilella Arzo, Gustau, Esparza Arroyo, Ángel, Lillios, Katina T., Mack, Jennifer, Velasco-Vázquez, Javier, Waterman, Anna, Benítez de Lugo Enrich, Luis, Benito Sánchez, María, Agustí, Bibiana, Codina, Ferran, Prado, Gabriel de, Estalrrich, Almudena, Fernández Flores, Álvaro, Finlayson, Clive, Finlayson, Geraldine, Finlayson, Stewart, Giles-Guzmán, Francisco, Rosas, Antonio, Barciela, Virginia, García Atiénzar, Gabriel, Hernández Pérez, Mauro S., Llanos, Armando, Carrión Marco, Yolanda, Collado Beneyto, Isabel, López-Serrano, David, Sanz Tormo, Mario, Valera, António C., Blasco, Concepción, Liesau, Corina, Ríos, Patricia, Daura, Joan, and Pedro Michó, María Jesús de
Abstract: We assembled genome-wide data from 271 ancient Iberians, of whom 176 are from the largely unsampled period after 2000 BCE, thereby providing a high-resolution time transect of the Iberian Peninsula. We document high genetic substructure between northwestern and southeastern hunter-gatherers before the spread of farming. We reveal sporadic contacts between Iberia and North Africa by ~2500 BCE and, by ~2000 BCE, the replacement of 40% of Iberia’s ancestry and nearly 100% of its Y-chromosomes by people with Steppe ancestry. We show that, in the Iron Age, Steppe ancestry had spread not only into Indo-European–speaking regions but also into non-Indo-European–speaking ones, and we reveal that present-day Basques are best described as a typical Iron Age population without the admixture events that later affected the rest of Iberia. Additionally, we document how, beginning at least in the Roman period, the ancestry of the peninsula was transformed by gene flow from North Africa and the eastern Mediterranean.
Published: 2019

50. The genomic history of the Iberian Peninsula over the past 8000 years

Author: Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), La Caixa, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, National Science Foundation (US), Eusko Jaurlaritza, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Leverhulme Trust, Paul G. Allen Family Foundation, National Institutes of Health (US), Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Max Planck Society, Olalde, Iñigo, Mallick, Swapan, Patterson, Nick, Rohland, Nadin, Villalba-Mouco, Vanessa, Silva, Marina, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J., Gandini, Francesca, Pala, Maria, Soares, Pedro, Flores Fernández, Raúl, Francès Farré, Joan, Garrido-Pena, Rafael, Gonçalves, Victor S., Guerra-Doce, Elisa, Herrero-Corral, Ana Mercedes, Juan-Cabanilles, Joaquim, López-Reyes, Daniel, McClure, Sarah B., Oliver Foix, Arturo, Sanz Borràs, Montserrat, Merino Pérez, Marta, Catarina Sousa, Ana, Vidal Encinas, Julio Manuel, Kennett, Douglas J., Richards, Martin B., Werner Alt, Kurt, Haak, Wolfgang, Pinhasi, Ron, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, Ferrando-Bernal, Manuel, Adamski, Nicole, Reich, David, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Cheronet, Olivia, Culleton, Brendan J., Fernandes, Daniel, Lawson, Ann Marie, Mah, Matthew, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Stewardson, Kristin, Zhang, Zhao, Toro Moyano, Isidro Jorge, Jiménez Arenas, Juan Manuel, Salazar García, Domingo Carlos, Castanyer, Pere, Santos, Marta, Tremoleda, Joaquim, Lozano, Marina, García Borja, Pablo, Fernández-Eraso, Javier, Mujika-Alustiza, José Antonio, Barroso, Cecilio, Viguera Mínguez, Enrique, Bermúdez, Francisco J., Burch, Josep, Coromina, Neus, Vivó, David, Cebriá, Artur, Fullola, Josep Maria, García-Puchol, Oreto, Morales, Juan Ignacio, Oms, F. Xavier, Majó, Tona, Díaz-Carvajal, Antònia, Vergès, Josep Maria, Ollich-Castanyer, Imma, López-Cachero, F. Javier, Silva, Ana María, Alonso-Fernández, Carmen, Delibes de Castro, Germán, Jiménez Echevarría, Javier, Moreno-Márquez, Adolfo, Pascual Berlanga, Guillermo, Ramos-García, Pablo, Vijande Vila, Eduardo, Ramos-Muñoz, José, Aguilella Arzo, Gustau, Esparza Arroyo, Ángel, Lillios, Katina T., Mack, Jennifer, Velasco-Vázquez, Javier, Waterman, Anna, Benítez de Lugo Enrich, Luis, Benito Sánchez, María, Agustí, Bibiana, Prado, Gabriel de, Codina, Ferran, Estalrrich, Almudena, Fernández Flores, Álvaro, Finlayson, Clive, Finlayson, Geraldine, Finlayson, Stewart, Giles Guzmán, Francisco, Rosas, Antonio, Barciela González, Virginia, García Atiénzar, Gabriel, Llanos, Armando, Hernández Pérez, Mauro S, Carrión Marco, Yolanda, Collado Beneyto, Isabel, López-Serrano, David, Sanz Tormo, Mario, Valera, António C., Blasco, Concepción, Liesau, Corina, Ríos, Patricia, Daura, Joan, Diez-Castillo, Agustín A., Pedro Michó, María Jesús de, Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), La Caixa, Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, National Science Foundation (US), Eusko Jaurlaritza, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Leverhulme Trust, Paul G. Allen Family Foundation, National Institutes of Health (US), Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Max Planck Society, Olalde, Iñigo, Mallick, Swapan, Patterson, Nick, Rohland, Nadin, Villalba-Mouco, Vanessa, Silva, Marina, Dulias, Katharina, Edwards, Ceiridwen J., Gandini, Francesca, Pala, Maria, Soares, Pedro, Flores Fernández, Raúl, Francès Farré, Joan, Garrido-Pena, Rafael, Gonçalves, Victor S., Guerra-Doce, Elisa, Herrero-Corral, Ana Mercedes, Juan-Cabanilles, Joaquim, López-Reyes, Daniel, McClure, Sarah B., Oliver Foix, Arturo, Sanz Borràs, Montserrat, Merino Pérez, Marta, Catarina Sousa, Ana, Vidal Encinas, Julio Manuel, Kennett, Douglas J., Richards, Martin B., Werner Alt, Kurt, Haak, Wolfgang, Pinhasi, Ron, Lalueza-Fox, Carles, Ferrando-Bernal, Manuel, Adamski, Nicole, Reich, David, Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen, Cheronet, Olivia, Culleton, Brendan J., Fernandes, Daniel, Lawson, Ann Marie, Mah, Matthew, Oppenheimer, Jonas, Stewardson, Kristin, Zhang, Zhao, Toro Moyano, Isidro Jorge, Jiménez Arenas, Juan Manuel, Salazar García, Domingo Carlos, Castanyer, Pere, Santos, Marta, Tremoleda, Joaquim, Lozano, Marina, García Borja, Pablo, Fernández-Eraso, Javier, Mujika-Alustiza, José Antonio, Barroso, Cecilio, Viguera Mínguez, Enrique, Bermúdez, Francisco J., Burch, Josep, Coromina, Neus, Vivó, David, Cebriá, Artur, Fullola, Josep Maria, García-Puchol, Oreto, Morales, Juan Ignacio, Oms, F. Xavier, Majó, Tona, Díaz-Carvajal, Antònia, Vergès, Josep Maria, Ollich-Castanyer, Imma, López-Cachero, F. Javier, Silva, Ana María, Alonso-Fernández, Carmen, Delibes de Castro, Germán, Jiménez Echevarría, Javier, Moreno-Márquez, Adolfo, Pascual Berlanga, Guillermo, Ramos-García, Pablo, Vijande Vila, Eduardo, Ramos-Muñoz, José, Aguilella Arzo, Gustau, Esparza Arroyo, Ángel, Lillios, Katina T., Mack, Jennifer, Velasco-Vázquez, Javier, Waterman, Anna, Benítez de Lugo Enrich, Luis, Benito Sánchez, María, Agustí, Bibiana, Prado, Gabriel de, Codina, Ferran, Estalrrich, Almudena, Fernández Flores, Álvaro, Finlayson, Clive, Finlayson, Geraldine, Finlayson, Stewart, Giles Guzmán, Francisco, Rosas, Antonio, Barciela González, Virginia, García Atiénzar, Gabriel, Llanos, Armando, Hernández Pérez, Mauro S, Carrión Marco, Yolanda, Collado Beneyto, Isabel, López-Serrano, David, Sanz Tormo, Mario, Valera, António C., Blasco, Concepción, Liesau, Corina, Ríos, Patricia, Daura, Joan, Diez-Castillo, Agustín A., and Pedro Michó, María Jesús de
Published: 2019

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