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BackgroundActivity in neurons drives afferent competition that is critical for the refinement of nascent neural circuits. In ferrets, when an eye is lost in early development, surviving retinogeniculate afferents from the spared eye spread across the thalamus in a manner that is dependent on spontaneous retinal activity. However, how this spontaneous activity, also known as retinal waves, might dynamically regulate afferent terminal targeting remains unknown.MethodsWe recorded retinal waves from retinae ex vivo using multi-electrode arrays. Retinae came from ferrets who were binocular or who had one eye surgically removed at birth. Linear mixed effects models were used to investigate the effects of early monocular enucleation on retinal wave activity.ResultsWhen an eye is removed at birth, spontaneous bursts of action potentials by retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the surviving eye are shorter in duration. The shortening of RGC burst duration results in decreased pairwise RGC correlations across the retina and is associated with the retinal wave-dependent spread of retinogeniculate afferents previously reported in enucleates.ConclusionOur findings show that removal of the competing eye modulates retinal waves and could underlie the dynamic regulation of competition-based refinement during retinogeniculate development.

BackgroundActivity in neurons drives afferent competition that is critical for the refinement of nascent neural circuits. In ferrets, when an eye is lost in early development, surviving retinogeniculate afferents from the spared eye spread across the thalamus in a manner that is dependent on spontaneous retinal activity. However, how this spontaneous activity, also known as retinal waves, might dynamically regulate afferent terminal targeting remains unknown.MethodsWe recorded retinal waves from retinae ex vivo using multi-electrode arrays. Retinae came from ferrets who were binocular or who had one eye surgically removed at birth. Linear mixed effects models were used to investigate the effects of early monocular enucleation on retinal wave activity.ResultsWhen an eye is removed at birth, spontaneous bursts of action potentials by retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in the surviving eye are shorter in duration. The shortening of RGC burst duration results in decreased pairwise RGC correlations across the retina and is associated with the retinal wave-dependent spread of retinogeniculate afferents previously reported in enucleates.ConclusionOur findings show that removal of the competing eye modulates retinal waves and could underlie the dynamic regulation of competition-based refinement during retinogeniculate development.

The nanowire and nanorod morphology offers great advantages for application in a range of optoelectronic devices, but these high-quality nanorod arrays are typically based on high temperature growth techniques. Here, we demonstrate the successful room temperature growth of a hybrid perovskite (CH3NH3PbBr3) nanorod array, and we also introduce a new low temperature anion exchange technique to convert the CH3NH3PbBr3 nanorod array into a CH3NH3PbI3 nanorod array while preserving morphology. We demonstrate the application of both these hybrid perovskite nanorod arrays for LEDs. This work highlights the potential utility of postsynthetic interconversion of hybrid perovskites for nanostructured optoelectronic devices such as LEDs, which enables new strategies for the application of hybrid perovskites.

The nanowire and nanorod morphology offers great advantages for application in a range of optoelectronic devices, but these high-quality nanorod arrays are typically based on high temperature growth techniques. Here, we demonstrate the successful room temperature growth of a hybrid perovskite (CH3NH3PbBr3) nanorod array, and we also introduce a new low temperature anion exchange technique to convert the CH3NH3PbBr3 nanorod array into a CH3NH3PbI3 nanorod array while preserving morphology. We demonstrate the application of both these hybrid perovskite nanorod arrays for LEDs. This work highlights the potential utility of postsynthetic interconversion of hybrid perovskites for nanostructured optoelectronic devices such as LEDs, which enables new strategies for the application of hybrid perovskites.

http://archive.org/details/managementndocea1094516238, NA, NA

Since its national debut in 1987, Fresh Air with Terry Gross has been a highly acclaimed and much adored weekday magazine among public radio listeners. Each week, nearly 4.8 million people turn to Peabody Award-winning host Terry Gross for insightful conversations with the leading voices in contemporary arts and issues. The renowned program reaches a global audience, with over 620 public radio stations broadcasting Fresh Air, and 3 million podcast downloads each week. Fresh Air has broken the mold of 'talk show' by weaving together superior journalism and intimate storytelling from modern-day intellectuals, politicians and artists alike. Through probing questions and careful research, Gross's interviews are lauded for revealing a fresh perspective on cultural icons and trends. Her thorough conversations are often complemented by commentary from well-known contributors. Fresh Air is produced at WHYY-FM in Philadelphia and broadcast nationally by NPR., INT. 1:Writer SAM FUSSELL. Fussell was scared of living in the big city, so he decided he'd look like less of a target if he took up body building. He chronicles his four year transformation in his book, "Muscle: Confessions of an Unlikely Body Builder." (REBROADCAST. ORIGINAL DATE 5/15/91). INT. 2:Writer ROBERT BAUSCH. Bausch's new novel, "Almighty Me," is the story of an average guy who, for one year, is given the powers of God. (It's published by Houghton Mifflin). REV 2:Jazz critic Kevin Whitehead reviews "Shadows 'N' Dreams," the new solo album by jazz pianist Dave McKenna. (It's on Concord).

The study examines the need for oceanography specialists and subspecialists to possess a degree of managerial expertise and concludes that some type of formalized management education is required. Special management skills are required for optimum performance by oceanography officers in nearly all of the more senior fillets - Captain, Commander, and the majority of the Lieutenant Commander billets. The study presents the reasoning which leads to the above conclusion and then answers four basic questions. (Author)

Context: Lack of concussion reporting remains a problem as high school athletes report about fifty percent of all concussions. Purpose: The study sought to determine if there is a relationship between athletic identity and athlete’s intention to report concussions. Methods: The sample consisted of 78 high school athletes (m age = 16.19 + 0.88, 56 males, 22 females). Participants were administered the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS) and Intention to Report Subscale which served as dependent measures. The presence of AI was determined by comparing AIMS score to previous norms. A linear regression was used to determine the relationship between AI and intention to report. Regression analysis examined the influence of demographic variables on AI and intention to report. Finally, multiple one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were conducted to examine differences between groups for AI and intention to report. All statistical analyses were conducted utilizing SPSS 25.0. Significance levels were set at an a priori 0.05. Results: Athletes in the study had an athletic identity as demonstrated by similar AIMS scores to previous norms. AI was not related to intention to report (p = 0.740). Age significantly influenced reporting intention (p = 0.20), as athletes get older their intention to report decreased. Athletes with a previous history of a “ding/bellringer” had significantly lower intention (p = 0.048), but previous history of concussion did not affect reporting intention to report (p = 0.118). Additionally, previous concussion education did not influence intention (p =0.612). Discussion: Adolescents do have an established AI as compared to other athletes. This study sought to find out if there was a relationship between AI and intention. No relationship existed between AI and intention; however, clinicians should

Attentional focus strategies refer to the use of cues or other stimuli to enhance an individual’s concentration for the purpose of improving performance within a given task. PURPOSE: To examine the effects of an internal (INT), external proximal (EPr), and external distal (ED) method of attentional focus on motor unit excitation and repetitions-to-failure (RTF) at a submaximal load. METHODS: Twenty-five recreationally active males (n=16) and females (n=9) volunteered to participate. The study was a repeated measures, randomized design and split into four days. Day one consisted of the completion of a one-repetition maximum (1RM) bench press test. The subsequent days consisted of one working set at 85% of the individuals 1RM performed until failure. For each day, a specific attentional focus strategy was given by auditory cues (i.e., INT, EPr, ED) with the individual instructed to focus solely on the cue. Motor unit recruitment of the anterior deltoid, pectoralis major, and triceps brachii was measured, via electromyography (EMG), for each repetition for all interventions. EMG, for each muscle group, for the final three repetitions of each condition were averaged and then divided by their respective maximum voluntary contraction to be reported as a percentage. A 1 x 3 repeated measures analysis of covariance, with a Bonferonni post-hoc, was conducted to determine differences between attentional focus conditions (a priori alpha = 0.05). RESULTS: Results indicated no differences for motor unit recruitment (chest: p = 0.59; triceps: p = 0.50; deltoids: p = 0.17) or RTF (p = 0.89) among the three conditions. The INT cue, as compared to EPr and ED, elicited a ~5-10% average increase in chest and triceps brachii motor unit excitation, despite an average of one less repetition. All effect sizes were deemed small or trivial, except for RTF between INT and ED which elicited a bo

Context: Lack of concussion reporting remains a problem as high school athletes report about fifty percent of all concussions. Purpose: The study sought to determine if there is a relationship between athletic identity and athlete’s intention to report concussions. Methods: The sample consisted of 78 high school athletes (m age = 16.19 + 0.88, 56 males, 22 females). Participants were administered the Athletic Identity Measurement Scale (AIMS) and Intention to Report Subscale which served as dependent measures. The presence of AI was determined by comparing AIMS score to previous norms. A linear regression was used to determine the relationship between AI and intention to report. Regression analysis examined the influence of demographic variables on AI and intention to report. Finally, multiple one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were conducted to examine differences between groups for AI and intention to report. All statistical analyses were conducted utilizing SPSS 25.0. Significance levels were set at an a priori 0.05. Results: Athletes in the study had an athletic identity as demonstrated by similar AIMS scores to previous norms. AI was not related to intention to report (p = 0.740). Age significantly influenced reporting intention (p = 0.20), as athletes get older their intention to report decreased. Athletes with a previous history of a “ding/bellringer” had significantly lower intention (p = 0.048), but previous history of concussion did not affect reporting intention to report (p = 0.118). Additionally, previous concussion education did not influence intention (p =0.612). Discussion: Adolescents do have an established AI as compared to other athletes. This study sought to find out if there was a relationship between AI and intention. No relationship existed between AI and intention; however, clinicians should

Papers, Addresses, Reports: Treasurer's Report; Production of Bound by the Application of Heat; Research in Applied Acoustics at the Wallace Clement Sabine Laboratory; The Atom of the Chemist; Stellar Evolution; Selecting and Encouraging Students of Superior Ability; Some Phenomena in a Dying Lake; Science versus Empiricism in Public Health Work; Stored Energy; The Museum, the Original Exponent of Visual Education; Notes on Hawaiian Botany with Special Reference to the Fungi; The Present Status of Paleobotany in Illinois; Notes on Illinois Mushrooms; New Species of Fungi from Illinois; Notes on New Diseases of Economic Crops in Illinois, 1919-1921; The Illinois Plant Disease Survey; The Habitat of Naturalized Common Barberry in Illinois; Contributions to the Flora of Cass. County, Illinois; The Introduced Weed Flora of Illinois; The European Starling in Illinois; Ecological Survey of the Fauna of Lake Knox; A Preliminary Report on the Vertical Distribution of Water Mites in Green Lake, Wisconsin; Advantages of River Canyons for Ecological Study; The Ecology of Rhus Toxicodendron; The Early Development of the Vertebral Column of the Alligator; Preparations of the Metals of the Rare Earth Group; Concentration of Radium from Carnotite Ores; Effect of X-Rays on the Resistance of Tin Foil; Industrial Chemical Research; Research Work as a Preparation for Teaching High School Science; Content of the High School Course in Chemistry; Melting Point, Latent Heat of Fusion and Solubility of Organic Compounds; The Effect of Alkali Vapors and other Gases at Various Pressures in Thermionic Detectors; The Infra-Red Absorption of some Oxides of Nitrogen; The Action of Light upon Arsenic Trisulfide Hydrosole; The Determination of "g"; A Method of Magnifying Small Angular Displacements; The Vapor Pressure and Heat of Vaporization of Non-Associated Liquids: Sound Proofing in Buildings; A Simple Device for the Analysis of Sound Waves; A 3000-Volt Lead Plate Shop-made Storage B

Papers, Addresses, Reports: The Development of Smokeless Fuel from Illinois Coal; The Irwin Expedition about Cerro de Pasco and Lake Titicaca; Preserves of Natural Conditions; Gaining and Losing Power; Report on the Progress and Condition of the Illinois State Museum; Some Comments on the Present Status of Tuberculosis; A Statistical Study of Influenza in Illinois, Fiscal Year, July 1, 1918-June 30, 1919; Sanitary Districts in Illinois; A Possible Interpretation of the Syn-Chronous Flashing of Fireflies; The Cumulative Effects of Rotational Increments; Evidence that Catalase is the Enzyme in Animals and Plants, Principally Responsible for Oxidation; Cause of the Increase in the Respiratory Metabolism in the Fertilized Ovum; Sooty Blotch of Pomaceous Fruits; The Genus Septoria, Presented in Tabulation with Discussion; Progress in Barberry Eradication in Illinois During 1919; Forest Distribution at the Ends of the Lake Chicago Beaches; Distribution of Oaks on the Lake Chicago Bars in Evanston and New Trier Townships; Topographic Relief as a Factor in Plant Succession; Notes on the Distribution of the Oaks and the Buckeye in LaSalle County, Illinois; A Comparison of Soil Temperatures in Upland and Bottomland Forests; Physiological Life Histories of Terrestrial Animals and Modern Methods of Representing Climate; The Effect of Sewage and Other Pollution on Animal Life of Rivers and Streams; Sexual Dimorphism in the Acanthocephala; The Morphology of the Antorbital Process in the Urodeles; Cnidosporidia in the Vicinity of Urbana; Some Limiting Factors in the Use of Fungus Diseases for Combating Insect Pests; Notes on the Life-History of a Crane-fly of the Genus Geranomyia Haliday (Tipulidae Diptera); The Intercision of Pike River, near Kenosha, Wisconsin; Note of a New Indicator in Water Analysis; The Absorption of the Oxides of Nitrogen Formed in the Silent Discharge

Papers, Symposia, Addresses: The Advantages of a State Academy of Sceince (abstract); History of Former State Natural History Societies of Illinois; Anthropology; Botany; Chemistry; Geology; Physics; Zoology; Biotic Zones and Districts in Illinois (abstract); A Case of Phosphorescence as a Mating Adaptation (abstract); Some Problems Connected with the Coals of Illinois (abstract); Desirability of a Systematic Ecological Survey(abstract); A State Ecological Survey (abstract); A Virgin Prairie in Illinois (abstract); Occurrence of Oil and Gas in Eastern Illinos (abstract); Illinois Trees (abstract); Plant Pathology in Its Relation to Other Sciences (abstract); Relation of the State Academy to Natural History Survey of the Chicago Academy of Sciences (abstract); Farm Water Supply (abstract); Symposium on "The Atmosphere"; Recent Advance in Spectroscopy

Two-page document showing a bill of receipt dated April 4, 1807 signed by Rob (Robert) Wilson for payment received from Mr. [Edward (?)] Pannell for goods purchased for Eliza Pannell from Samuel Walker.

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