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An interlaboratory study, involving eigth international laboratories and coordinated by COMTES FHT (Czech Republic), was conducted to validate tensile measurements obtained using miniature specimens on additively manufactured (AM) components and artifacts. In addition to AM 316L stainless steel (316L SS), a wrought highstrength steel (34CrNiMo6V, equivalent to AISI 4340) was also used. Based on the results, a precision statement in accordance with ASTM E691 standard practice was developed, intended for inclusion in a proposed annex to the ASTM E8/E8M tension testing method. The primary outcomes of the study highlighted the agreement between yield and tensile strength measured from miniature and standard-sized tensile specimens. Furthermore, most tensile properties exhibited similar standard deviations, offering users insight into the efficacy of miniature specimen applications.

Radboud University, 14 juni 2023, Promotores : Helmstädter, M.N., Gjorgjieva, Julijana, Contains fulltext : 293084.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access)

We use the conjugate angle of radial action ($\theta_R$), the best representation of the orbital phase, to explore the "mid-plane, north branch, south branch" and "Monoceros area" disk structures that were previously revealed in the LAMOST K giants (Xu et al. 2020). The former three substructures, identified by their 3D kinematical distributions, have been shown to be projections of the phase space spiral (resulting from nonequilibrium phase mixing). In this work, we find that all of these substructures associated with the phase spiral show high aggregation in conjugate angle phase space, indicating that the clumping in conjugate angle space is a feature of ongoing, incomplete phase mixing. We do not find the $Z-V_Z$ phase spiral located in the "Monoceros area", but we do find a very highly concentrated substructure in the quadrant of conjugate angle space with the orbital phase from the apocenter to the guiding radius. The existence of the clump in conjugate angle space provides a complementary way to connect the "Monoceros area" with the direct response to a perturbation from a significant gravitationally interactive event. Using test particle simulations, we show that these features are analogous to disturbances caused by the impact of the last passage of the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal galaxy., Comment: 53pages, 35 figures, 4 Tables, ApJ accepted

In this study, we explore the use of unsteady transit time distribution (TTD) theory to model solute transport in biofilters, a popular form of nature-based or “green” storm water infrastructure (GSI). TTD theory has the potential to address many unresolved challenges associated with predicting pollutant fate and transport through these systems, including unsteadiness in the water balance (time-varying inflows, outflows, and storage), unsteadiness in pollutant loading, time-dependent reactions, and scale-up to GSI networks and urban catchments. From a solution to the unsteady age conservation equation under uniform sampling, we derive an explicit expression for solute breakthrough during and after one or more storm events. The solution is calibrated and validated with breakthrough data from 17 simulated storms at a field-scale biofilter test facility in Southern California, using bromide as a conservative tracer. TTD theory closely reproduces bromide breakthrough concentrations, provided that lateral exchange with the surrounding soil is accounted for. At any given time, according to theory, more than half of the water in storage is from the most recent storm, while the rest is a mixture of penultimate and earlier storms. Thus, key management endpoints, such as the pollutant treatment credit attributable to GSI, are likely to depend on the evolving age distribution of water stored and released by these systems.

Kagome superconductors with TC up to 7 K have been discovered for over 40 y. Recently, unconventional chiral charge order has been reported in kagome superconductor KV3Sb5, with an ordering temperature of one order of magnitude higher than the TC. However, the chirality of the charge order has not been reported in the cousin kagome superconductor CsV3Sb5, and the electronic nature of the chirality remains elusive. In this paper, we report the observation of electronic chiral charge order in CsV3Sb5 via scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). We observe a 2 × 2 charge modulation and a 1 × 4 superlattice in both topographic data and tunneling spectroscopy. 2 × 2 charge modulation is highly anticipated as a charge order by fundamental kagome lattice models at van Hove filling, and is shown to exhibit intrinsic chirality. We find that the 1 × 4 superlattices form various small domain walls, and can be a surface effect as supported by our first-principles calculations. Crucially, we find that the amplitude of the energy gap opened by the charge order exhibits real-space modulations, and features 2 × 2 wave vectors with chirality, highlighting the electronic nature of the chiral charge order. STM study at 0.4 K reveals a superconducting energy gap with a gap size 2Δ=0.85meV, which estimates a moderate superconductivity coupling strength with 2Δ/kBTC=3.9. When further applying a c-axis magnetic field, vortex core bound states are observed within this gap, indicative of clean-limit superconductivity.

In this study, we explore the use of unsteady transit time distribution (TTD) theory to model solute transport in biofilters, a popular form of nature-based or "green" storm water infrastructure (GSI). TTD theory has the potential to address many unresolved challenges associated with predicting pollutant fate and transport through these systems, including unsteadiness in the water balance (time-varying inflows, outflows, and storage), unsteadiness in pollutant loading, time-dependent reactions, and scale-up to GSI networks and urban catchments. From a solution to the unsteady age conservation equation under uniform sampling, we derive an explicit expression for solute breakthrough during and after one or more storm events. The solution is calibrated and validated with breakthrough data from 17 simulated storms at a field-scale biofilter test facility in Southern California, using bromide as a conservative tracer. TTD theory closely reproduces bromide breakthrough concentrations, provided that lateral exchange with the surrounding soil is accounted for. At any given time, according to theory, more than half of the water in storage is from the most recent storm, while the rest is a mixture of penultimate and earlier storms. Thus, key management endpoints, such as the pollutant treatment credit attributable to GSI, are likely to depend on the evolving age distribution of water stored and released by these systems.

In this study, we explore the use of unsteady transit time distribution (TTD) theory to model solute transport in biofilters, a popular form of nature-based or "green" storm water infrastructure (GSI). TTD theory has the potential to address many unresolved challenges associated with predicting pollutant fate and transport through these systems, including unsteadiness in the water balance (time-varying inflows, outflows, and storage), unsteadiness in pollutant loading, time-dependent reactions, and scale-up to GSI networks and urban catchments. From a solution to the unsteady age conservation equation under uniform sampling, we derive an explicit expression for solute breakthrough during and after one or more storm events. The solution is calibrated and validated with breakthrough data from 17 simulated storms at a field-scale biofilter test facility in Southern California, using bromide as a conservative tracer. TTD theory closely reproduces bromide breakthrough concentrations, provided that lateral exchange with the surrounding soil is accounted for. At any given time, according to theory, more than half of the water in storage is from the most recent storm, while the rest is a mixture of penultimate and earlier storms. Thus, key management endpoints, such as the pollutant treatment credit attributable to GSI, are likely to depend on the evolving age distribution of water stored and released by these systems.

In this study, we explore the use of unsteady transit time distribution (TTD) theory to model solute transport in biofilters, a popular form of nature-based or "green" storm water infrastructure (GSI). TTD theory has the potential to address many unresolved challenges associated with predicting pollutant fate and transport through these systems, including unsteadiness in the water balance (time-varying inflows, outflows, and storage), unsteadiness in pollutant loading, time-dependent reactions, and scale-up to GSI networks and urban catchments. From a solution to the unsteady age conservation equation under uniform sampling, we derive an explicit expression for solute breakthrough during and after one or more storm events. The solution is calibrated and validated with breakthrough data from 17 simulated storms at a field-scale biofilter test facility in Southern California, using bromide as a conservative tracer. TTD theory closely reproduces bromide breakthrough concentrations, provided that lateral exchange with the surrounding soil is accounted for. At any given time, according to theory, more than half of the water in storage is from the most recent storm, while the rest is a mixture of penultimate and earlier storms. Thus, key management endpoints, such as the pollutant treatment credit attributable to GSI, are likely to depend on the evolving age distribution of water stored and released by these systems.

In this study, we explore the use of unsteady transit time distribution (TTD) theory to model solute transport in biofilters, a popular form of nature-based or "green" storm water infrastructure (GSI). TTD theory has the potential to address many unresolved challenges associated with predicting pollutant fate and transport through these systems, including unsteadiness in the water balance (time-varying inflows, outflows, and storage), unsteadiness in pollutant loading, time-dependent reactions, and scale-up to GSI networks and urban catchments. From a solution to the unsteady age conservation equation under uniform sampling, we derive an explicit expression for solute breakthrough during and after one or more storm events. The solution is calibrated and validated with breakthrough data from 17 simulated storms at a field-scale biofilter test facility in Southern California, using bromide as a conservative tracer. TTD theory closely reproduces bromide breakthrough concentrations, provided that lateral exchange with the surrounding soil is accounted for. At any given time, according to theory, more than half of the water in storage is from the most recent storm, while the rest is a mixture of penultimate and earlier storms. Thus, key management endpoints, such as the pollutant treatment credit attributable to GSI, are likely to depend on the evolving age distribution of water stored and released by these systems.

In this study, we explore the use of unsteady transit time distribution (TTD) theory to model solute transport in biofilters, a popular form of nature-based or “green” storm water infrastructure (GSI). TTD theory has the potential to address many unresolved challenges associated with predicting pollutant fate and transport through these systems, including unsteadiness in the water balance (time-varying inflows, outflows, and storage), unsteadiness in pollutant loading, time-dependent reactions, and scale-up to GSI networks and urban catchments. From a solution to the unsteady age conservation equation under uniform sampling, we derive an explicit expression for solute breakthrough during and after one or more storm events. The solution is calibrated and validated with breakthrough data from 17 simulated storms at a field-scale biofilter test facility in Southern California, using bromide as a conservative tracer. TTD theory closely reproduces bromide breakthrough concentrations, provided that lateral exchange with the surrounding soil is accounted for. At any given time, according to theory, more than half of the water in storage is from the most recent storm, while the rest is a mixture of penultimate and earlier storms. Thus, key management endpoints, such as the pollutant treatment credit attributable to GSI, are likely to depend on the evolving age distribution of water stored and released by these systems.

In this work, we apply an amine-assisted silica pillaring method to create the first example of a porous Mo2TiC2MXene with nanoengineered interlayer distances. The pillared Mo2TiC2has a surface area of 202 m2g−1, which is among the highest reported for any MXene, and has a variable gallery height between 0.7 and 3 nm. The expanded interlayer distance leads to significantly enhanced cycling performance for Li-ion storage, with superior capacity, rate capably and cycling stability in comparison to the non-pillared analogue. The pillared Mo2TiC2achieved a capacity over 1.7 times greater than multilayered MXene at 20 mA g−1(≈320 mA h g−1) and 2.5 times higher at 1 A g−1(≈150 mA h g−1). The fast-charging properties of pillared Mo2TiC2are further demonstrated by outstanding stability even at 1 A g−1(under 8 min charge time), retaining 80% of the initial capacity after 500 cycles. Furthermore, we use a combination of spectroscopic techniques (i.e.XPS, NMR and Raman) to show unambiguously that the charge storage mechanism of this MXene occurs by a conversion reaction through the formation of Li2O. This reaction increases by 2-fold the capacity beyond intercalation, and therefore, its understanding is crucial for further development of this family of materials. In addition, we also investigate for the first time the sodium storage properties of the pillared and non-pillared Mo2TiC2

In this study, we explore the use of unsteady transit time distribution (TTD) theory to model solute transport in biofilters, a popular form of nature-based or "green" storm water infrastructure (GSI). TTD theory has the potential to address many unresolved challenges associated with predicting pollutant fate and transport through these systems, including unsteadiness in the water balance (time-varying inflows, outflows, and storage), unsteadiness in pollutant loading, time-dependent reactions, and scale-up to GSI networks and urban catchments. From a solution to the unsteady age conservation equation under uniform sampling, we derive an explicit expression for solute breakthrough during and after one or more storm events. The solution is calibrated and validated with breakthrough data from 17 simulated storms at a field-scale biofilter test facility in Southern California, using bromide as a conservative tracer. TTD theory closely reproduces bromide breakthrough concentrations, provided that lateral exchange with the surrounding soil is accounted for. At any given time, according to theory, more than half of the water in storage is from the most recent storm, while the rest is a mixture of penultimate and earlier storms. Thus, key management endpoints, such as the pollutant treatment credit attributable to GSI, are likely to depend on the evolving age distribution of water stored and released by these systems.

In this work, we apply an amine-assisted silica pillaring method to create the first example of a porous Mo2TiC2MXene with nanoengineered interlayer distances. The pillared Mo2TiC2has a surface area of 202 m2g−1, which is among the highest reported for any MXene, and has a variable gallery height between 0.7 and 3 nm. The expanded interlayer distance leads to significantly enhanced cycling performance for Li-ion storage, with superior capacity, rate capably and cycling stability in comparison to the non-pillared analogue. The pillared Mo2TiC2achieved a capacity over 1.7 times greater than multilayered MXene at 20 mA g−1(≈320 mA h g−1) and 2.5 times higher at 1 A g−1(≈150 mA h g−1). The fast-charging properties of pillared Mo2TiC2are further demonstrated by outstanding stability even at 1 A g−1(under 8 min charge time), retaining 80% of the initial capacity after 500 cycles. Furthermore, we use a combination of spectroscopic techniques (i.e.XPS, NMR and Raman) to show unambiguously that the charge storage mechanism of this MXene occurs by a conversion reaction through the formation of Li2O. This reaction increases by 2-fold the capacity beyond intercalation, and therefore, its understanding is crucial for further development of this family of materials. In addition, we also investigate for the first time the sodium storage properties of the pillared and non-pillared Mo2TiC2

In this study, we explore the use of unsteady transit time distribution (TTD) theory to model solute transport in biofilters, a popular form of nature-based or "green" storm water infrastructure (GSI). TTD theory has the potential to address many unresolved challenges associated with predicting pollutant fate and transport through these systems, including unsteadiness in the water balance (time-varying inflows, outflows, and storage), unsteadiness in pollutant loading, time-dependent reactions, and scale-up to GSI networks and urban catchments. From a solution to the unsteady age conservation equation under uniform sampling, we derive an explicit expression for solute breakthrough during and after one or more storm events. The solution is calibrated and validated with breakthrough data from 17 simulated storms at a field-scale biofilter test facility in Southern California, using bromide as a conservative tracer. TTD theory closely reproduces bromide breakthrough concentrations, provided that lateral exchange with the surrounding soil is accounted for. At any given time, according to theory, more than half of the water in storage is from the most recent storm, while the rest is a mixture of penultimate and earlier storms. Thus, key management endpoints, such as the pollutant treatment credit attributable to GSI, are likely to depend on the evolving age distribution of water stored and released by these systems.

In this study, we explore the use of unsteady transit time distribution (TTD) theory to model solute transport in biofilters, a popular form of nature-based or "green" storm water infrastructure (GSI). TTD theory has the potential to address many unresolved challenges associated with predicting pollutant fate and transport through these systems, including unsteadiness in the water balance (time-varying inflows, outflows, and storage), unsteadiness in pollutant loading, time-dependent reactions, and scale-up to GSI networks and urban catchments. From a solution to the unsteady age conservation equation under uniform sampling, we derive an explicit expression for solute breakthrough during and after one or more storm events. The solution is calibrated and validated with breakthrough data from 17 simulated storms at a field-scale biofilter test facility in Southern California, using bromide as a conservative tracer. TTD theory closely reproduces bromide breakthrough concentrations, provided that lateral exchange with the surrounding soil is accounted for. At any given time, according to theory, more than half of the water in storage is from the most recent storm, while the rest is a mixture of penultimate and earlier storms. Thus, key management endpoints, such as the pollutant treatment credit attributable to GSI, are likely to depend on the evolving age distribution of water stored and released by these systems.

In this study, we explore the use of unsteady transit time distribution (TTD) theory to model solute transport in biofilters, a popular form of nature-based or "green" storm water infrastructure (GSI). TTD theory has the potential to address many unresolved challenges associated with predicting pollutant fate and transport through these systems, including unsteadiness in the water balance (time-varying inflows, outflows, and storage), unsteadiness in pollutant loading, time-dependent reactions, and scale-up to GSI networks and urban catchments. From a solution to the unsteady age conservation equation under uniform sampling, we derive an explicit expression for solute breakthrough during and after one or more storm events. The solution is calibrated and validated with breakthrough data from 17 simulated storms at a field-scale biofilter test facility in Southern California, using bromide as a conservative tracer. TTD theory closely reproduces bromide breakthrough concentrations, provided that lateral exchange with the surrounding soil is accounted for. At any given time, according to theory, more than half of the water in storage is from the most recent storm, while the rest is a mixture of penultimate and earlier storms. Thus, key management endpoints, such as the pollutant treatment credit attributable to GSI, are likely to depend on the evolving age distribution of water stored and released by these systems.

When imaging the nucleus structure of a cell, the out-of-focus fluorescence acts as background and hinders the detection of weak signals. Light-sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) is a wide-field imaging approach which has the best of both background removal and imaging speed. However, the commonly adopted orthogonal excitation/detection scheme is hard to be applied to single-cell imaging due to steric hindrance. For LSFMs capable of high spatiotemporal single-cell imaging, the complex instrument design and operation largely limit their throughput of data collection. Here, we propose an approach for high-throughput background-free fluorescence imaging of single cells facilitated by the Immersion Tilted Light Sheet Microscopy (ImTLSM). ImTLSM is based on a light-sheet projected off the optical axis of a water immersion objective. With the illumination objective and the detection objective placed opposingly, ImTLSM can rapidly patrol and optically section multiple individual cells while maintaining single-molecule detection sensitivity and resolution. Further, the simplicity and robustness of ImTLSM in operation and maintenance enables high-throughput image collection to establish background removal datasets for deep learning. Using a deep learning model to train the mapping from epi-illumination images to ImTLSM illumination images, namely PN-ImTLSM, we demonstrated cross-modality fluorescence imaging, transforming the epi-illumination image to approach the background removal performance obtained with ImTLSM. We demonstrated that PN-ImTLSM can be generalized to large-field homogeneous illumination imaging, thereby further improving the imaging throughput. In addition, compared to commonly used background removal methods, PN-ImTLSM showed much better performance for areas where the background intensity changes sharply in space, facilitating high-density single-molecule localization microscopy. In summary, PN-ImTLSM paves the way for background-free fluorescence imagi

Background and purpose This study was to investigate the prevalence and cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) of asymptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (aICAS) amongst middle-aged and older adults living in rural communities in China. Methods This population-based study included 2019 subjects (aged >= 40 years, 52.3% women) who were free of stroke and living in rural communities in China. From October 2017 to May 2018, data on demographics, CRFs and health conditions were collected through face-to-face interviews, physical examination and laboratory tests. Asymptomatic ICAS was detected through a two-phase procedure: a screening phase with transcranial Doppler ultrasound, followed by a diagnostic phase with magnetic resonance angiography examination. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyse CRFs associated with aICAS. Results Of the 2019 participants, aICAS was detected in 153 persons. The overall prevalence of aICAS was 7.6%, and the prevalence of moderate-to-severe aICAS was 5.0%. The multi-adjusted odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of aICAS associated with CRFs was 2.40 (1.56-3.69) for hypertension, 1.91 (1.32-2.76) for high hypersensitive C-reactive protein, 1.68 (1.14-2.49) for diabetes and 1.61 (1.08-2.41) for overweight or obesity. When these four CRFs were aggregated, compared with participants without any of these factors, the multi-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of aICAS for persons concurrently having one, two and three or more of these factors were 1.14 (0.52-2.48), 2.91 (1.42-5.99) and 5.51 (2.64-11.50), respectively (P for linear trend <0.001). Conclusions Asymptomatic ICAS is common amongst rural-dwelling middle-aged and older Chinese people. Hypertension, diabetes, overweight or obesity and high hypersensitive C-reactive protein, especially when coexisting, are strongly associated with aICAS.

As energy saving and emission reduction become a global action, the disparity in energy intensity between different regions is a new rising problem that stems a country's or region's energy-saving potential. Here we collect China's provincial panel data (1995–2017) of primary and final energy consumption to evaluate China's unequal and polarized regional pattern in energy intensity, decompose the inequality index into contributing components, and investigate possible driving factors behind the unequal pattern both regionally and structurally, for the first time. The results show that China's interprovince disparities in energy intensity increase and are exacerbated by the enlarging disparities in energy intensity between the least developed and most developed regions of China. The causes for this phenomenon are as follows: (i) rather loose regulatory measures on mitigating coal consumption; (ii) inferior energy processing technology in areas specializing in energy-intensive industries; (iii) increasing interregional energy fluxes embodied in trade; and (iv) separate jurisdictions at provincial administrative levels. These factors can synthetically result in unintended spillover to areas with inferior green technologies, suggesting an increasingly uneven distribution of energy-intensive and carbon-intensive industries and usage of clean energy. The results reveal the necessities of regional coordination and cooperation to achieve a green economy. ©2020. The Authors. Earth's Future published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Geophysical Union

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd Energy intensity has been a major assessment indicator in the design of energy saving policies, and it is one of the eight binding indicators of the target responsibility system for officials’ performance evaluation in the 11th Five-Year Plan in China. However, the accuracy of measurement of energy intensity depends to a large extent on the reliability of GDP data. This paper revises the GDP growth rate with nighttime lighting data and recalculates the rate of energy intensity reduction for each province during the 11th Five-Year Plan in China. Our results show that the GDP growth rate of some provinces has been exaggerated. Further, although the energy intensity of all provinces showed a significant downward trend during the 11th Five-Year Plan, some provinces failed to meet the target of energy intensity reduction. These results suggest that when designing energy conservation policies, cross-evaluation indicators should be included to improve the effective implementation of policies.

BACKGROUND: Cardiometabolic diseases are the leading cause of death and disability in many low- and middle-income countries. As the already severe burden from these conditions continues to increase in low- and middle-income countries, cardiometabolic diseases introduce new and salient public health challenges to primary health care systems. In this mixed-method study, we aim to assess the capacity of grassroots primary health care facilities to deliver essential services for the prevention and control of cardiometabolic diseases. Built on this information, our goal is to propose evidence-based recommendations to promote a stronger primary health care system in resource-limited settings. METHODS: The study will be conducted in resource-limited settings in China, Kenya, Nepal, and Vietnam using a mixed-method approach that incorporates a literature review, surveys, and in-depth interviews. The literature, statistics, and document review will extract secondary data on the burden of cardiometabolic diseases in each country, the existing policies and interventions related to strengthening primary health care services, and improving care related to non-communicable disease prevention and control. We will also conduct primary data collection. In each country, ten grassroots primary health care facilities across representative urban-rural regions will be selected. Health care professionals and patients recruited from these facilities will be invited to participate in the facility assessment questionnaire and patients' survey. Stakeholders - including patients, health care professionals, policymakers at the local, regional, and national levels, and local authorities - will be invited to participate in in-depth interviews. A standard protocol will be designed to allow for adaption and localization in data collection instruments and procedures within each country. DISCUSSION: With a special focus on the capacity of primary health care facilities in resource-limited settings in

© 2018 Elsevier Ltd Natural resource endowment has a significant influence on manufacturing structure which in turn influences CO2 emissions. This paper investigates the effect of the rationalization and upgrading of manufacturing structure on carbon dioxide emissions in China, based on the perspective of natural resource dependence. The results of the STIRPAT model on provincial panel data of the manufacturing sector from 2003 to 2014 show that manufacturing structure rationalization and upgrading will help curb CO2 emissions, while such effects are restricted by a region's reliance on natural resources. The panel threshold model estimations further indicate that the greater the ratio of industrial output to GDP, the weaker the restricting effect of resource dependence on the emissions reduction of manufacturing structure. These findings reveal that the development strategies of manufacturing structural rationalization and upgrading that aim to reduce emissions depend on the level of a region's resource dependence and industrialization.

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd Energy intensity has been a major assessment indicator in the design of energy saving policies, and it is one of the eight binding indicators of the target responsibility system for officials’ performance evaluation in the 11th Five-Year Plan in China. However, the accuracy of measurement of energy intensity depends to a large extent on the reliability of GDP data. This paper revises the GDP growth rate with nighttime lighting data and recalculates the rate of energy intensity reduction for each province during the 11th Five-Year Plan in China. Our results show that the GDP growth rate of some provinces has been exaggerated. Further, although the energy intensity of all provinces showed a significant downward trend during the 11th Five-Year Plan, some provinces failed to meet the target of energy intensity reduction. These results suggest that when designing energy conservation policies, cross-evaluation indicators should be included to improve the effective implementation of policies.

© 2018 Elsevier Ltd Natural resource endowment has a significant influence on manufacturing structure which in turn influences CO2 emissions. This paper investigates the effect of the rationalization and upgrading of manufacturing structure on carbon dioxide emissions in China, based on the perspective of natural resource dependence. The results of the STIRPAT model on provincial panel data of the manufacturing sector from 2003 to 2014 show that manufacturing structure rationalization and upgrading will help curb CO2 emissions, while such effects are restricted by a region's reliance on natural resources. The panel threshold model estimations further indicate that the greater the ratio of industrial output to GDP, the weaker the restricting effect of resource dependence on the emissions reduction of manufacturing structure. These findings reveal that the development strategies of manufacturing structural rationalization and upgrading that aim to reduce emissions depend on the level of a region's resource dependence and industrialization.

Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and MnO 2 hybrid theranostic nanoplatform (UCMn) is highly desired; however, the rational design of such UCMn hybrid nanomaterials is still a great challenge. Herein, a simple and versatile strategy for the in situ growth of MnO 2 on the surfaces of UCNPs was reported using a sacrificial template method to construct an ideal MnO 2 -disguised and tumor microenvironment-triggered architecture. Such sophisticated architecture not only achieves activatable magnetic resonance imaging and restorable upconversion luminescence (UCL) imaging with over 100-fold enhancement of UCL in vivo but also significantly improves the efficiency of chemodynamic therapy (CDT) by glutathione depletion- and cisplatin-activation-enhanced • OH generation simultaneously. Additionally, the synergetic effect of CDT and chemotherapy presents excellent therapeutic effect in vivo as compared to either CDT or chemotherapy alone. We believe that the ideal design of the MnO 2 -disguised upconversion hybrid nanocomposite will provide more revelations on the future research on nanoscale theranostic systems.

Copyright © 2019 American Chemical Society. Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and MnO 2 hybrid theranostic nanoplatform (UCMn) is highly desired; however, the rational design of such UCMn hybrid nanomaterials is still a great challenge. Herein, a simple and versatile strategy for the in situ growth of MnO 2 on the surfaces of UCNPs was reported using a sacrificial template method to construct an ideal MnO 2 -disguised and tumor microenvironment-triggered architecture. Such sophisticated architecture not only achieves activatable magnetic resonance imaging and restorable upconversion luminescence (UCL) imaging with over 100-fold enhancement of UCL in vivo but also significantly improves the efficiency of chemodynamic therapy (CDT) by glutathione depletion- and cisplatin-activation-enhanced • OH generation simultaneously. Additionally, the synergetic effect of CDT and chemotherapy presents excellent therapeutic effect in vivo as compared to either CDT or chemotherapy alone. We believe that the ideal design of the MnO 2 -disguised upconversion hybrid nanocomposite will provide more revelations on the future research on nanoscale theranostic systems.

We present a detailed analysis of the soft X-ray emission of 3C445 using an archival Chandra HETG spectrum. Highly-ionized H- and He-like Mg, Si and S lines, as well as a resolved low-ionized Si K$\alpha$ line, are detected in the high resolution spectrum. The He-like triplets of Mg and Si are resolved into individual lines, and the calculated R ratios indicate a high density for the emitter. The low values of the G ratios indicate the lines originate from collisionally ionized plasmas. However, the detection of a resolved narrow Ne X RRC feature in the spectrum seems to prefer to a photoionized environment. The spectrum is subsequently modelled with a photoionization model, and the results are compared with that of a collisional model. Through a detailed analysis on the spectrum, we exclude a collisional origin for these emission lines. A one-component photoionization model provides a great fit to the emission features. The best-fit parameters are log$\xi$ = $3.3^{+0.4}_{-0.3}$ erg cm s$^{-1}$, $n_{H}$ = $5^{+15}_{-4.5}\times10^{10}$ cm$^{-3}$ and $N_{H}$ = $2.5^{+3.8}_{-1.7}\times10^{20}$ cm$^{-2}$. According to the calculated high density for the emitter, the measured velocity widths of the emission lines and the inferred the radial distance (6 $\times$ $10^{14}$ - 8 $\times$ $10^{15}$ cm), we suggest the emission lines originating from matter locate in the broad line region (BLR).

BACKGROUND: In Kenya, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) accounted for more than 10% of total deaths and 4% of total Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) in 2015 with a steady increase over the past decade. The main objective of this paper was to review the existing policies and their content in relation to prevention, control and management of CVDs at primary health care (PHC) level in Kenya. METHODS: A targeted document search in Google engine using keywords "Kenya national policy on cardiovascular diseases" and "Kenya national policy on non-communicable diseases (NCDs)" was conducted in addition to key informant interviews with Kenyan policy makers. Relevant regional and international policy documents were also included. The contents of documents identified were reviewed to assess how well they aligned with global health policies on CVD prevention, control and management. Thematic content analysis of the key informant interviews was also conducted to supplement the document reviews. RESULTS: A total of 17 documents were reviewed and three key informants interviewed. Besides the Tobacco Control Act (2007), all policy documents for CVD prevention, control and management were developed after 2013. The national policies were preceded by global initiatives and guidelines and were similar in content with the global policies. The Kenya health policy (2014-2030), The Kenya Health Sector Strategic and Investment Plan (2014-2018) and the Kenya National Strategy for the Prevention and Control of Non-communicable diseases (2015-2020) had strategies on NCDs including CVDs. Other policy documents for behavioral risk factors (The Tobacco Control Act 2007, Alcoholic Drinks Control (Licensing) Regulations (2010)) were available. The National Nutrition Action Plan (2012-2017) was available as a draft. Although Kenya has a tiered health care system comprising primary healthcare, integration of CVD prevention and control at PHC level was not explicitly mentioned in the policy document

© 2018 Authors. To obtain precise and sound results, most of existing static analyzers require whole program analysis with complete source code. However, in reality, the source code of an application always interacts with many third-party libraries, which are often not easily accessible to static analyzers. Worse still, more than 30% of legacy projects [1] cannot be compiled easily due to complicated configuration environments (e.g., third-party libraries, compiler options and macros), making ideal "whole-program analysis" unavailable in practice. This paper presents CoBOT [2], a static analysis tool that can detect bugs in the presence of incomplete code. It analyzes function APIs unavailable in application code by either using function summarization or automatically downloading and analyzing the corresponding library code as inferred from the application code and its configuration files. The experiments show that CoBOT is not only easy to use, but also effective in detecting bugs in real-world programs with incomplete code. Our demonstration video is at: https://youtu.be/bhjJp3e7LPM.

We present a detailed analysis of the soft X-ray emission of 3C445 using an archival Chandra HETG spectrum. Highly-ionized H- and He-like Mg, Si and S lines, as well as a resolved low-ionized Si K$\alpha$ line, are detected in the high resolution spectrum. The He-like triplets of Mg and Si are resolved into individual lines, and the calculated R ratios indicate a high density for the emitter. The low values of the G ratios indicate the lines originate from collisionally ionized plasmas. However, the detection of a resolved narrow Ne X RRC feature in the spectrum seems to prefer to a photoionized environment. The spectrum is subsequently modelled with a photoionization model, and the results are compared with that of a collisional model. Through a detailed analysis on the spectrum, we exclude a collisional origin for these emission lines. A one-component photoionization model provides a great fit to the emission features. The best-fit parameters are log$\xi$ = $3.3^{+0.4}_{-0.3}$ erg cm s$^{-1}$, $n_{H}$ = $5^{+15}_{-4.5}\times10^{10}$ cm$^{-3}$ and $N_{H}$ = $2.5^{+3.8}_{-1.7}\times10^{20}$ cm$^{-2}$. According to the calculated high density for the emitter, the measured velocity widths of the emission lines and the inferred the radial distance (6 $\times$ $10^{14}$ - 8 $\times$ $10^{15}$ cm), we suggest the emission lines originating from matter locate in the broad line region (BLR).

© 2018 Authors. To obtain precise and sound results, most of existing static analyzers require whole program analysis with complete source code. However, in reality, the source code of an application always interacts with many third-party libraries, which are often not easily accessible to static analyzers. Worse still, more than 30% of legacy projects [1] cannot be compiled easily due to complicated configuration environments (e.g., third-party libraries, compiler options and macros), making ideal "whole-program analysis" unavailable in practice. This paper presents CoBOT [2], a static analysis tool that can detect bugs in the presence of incomplete code. It analyzes function APIs unavailable in application code by either using function summarization or automatically downloading and analyzing the corresponding library code as inferred from the application code and its configuration files. The experiments show that CoBOT is not only easy to use, but also effective in detecting bugs in real-world programs with incomplete code. Our demonstration video is at: https://youtu.be/bhjJp3e7LPM.

The theme of the landscape architecture graduation lab is “Flowscape”. It states the landscape infrastructure is not only a technical structure but also a carrier of natural and urban processes. It is proposed to solve the environmental problems and adapt to the surroundings as well as providing the appropriate environmental conditions for the long-term dynamic natural and urban development. (Nijhuis, S and Jauslin, D., 2015). Transforming the Houtribdijk into an operative lanscape structure as the subject is under the guiding of “Flowscape” concept. The Houtribdijk is located between two different eco-system-Ijsselmeer and Markermeer as well as two different urban tissues-Enkhuizen and Lelystad. There are highly dynamic nature processes and urban development happening in this area. However, the Houtribdijk was designed to make the southwestern polder. Since that polder plan was canceled, the Houtribdijk, this fixed infrastructure has not fit into the environment any more. For example, the Houtribdijk blocks two lakes (the Ijsselmeer and the Markermeer) which results in an unbalanced eco-system. Moreover, it only carries a high-speed linear traffic line between Enkhuizen and Lelystad without a place for people to stay and enjoy the open horizon. So I choose this location to apply the “Flowscape” theme in order to transform the Houtribdijk into an operative landscape infrastructure, which provides a coherence landscape condition for nature and urban development while considering ecologic, technical, architectural and social aspects., Architecture and The Built Environment, Urbanism, Landscape Architecture

The theme of the landscape architecture graduation lab is “Flowscape”. It states the landscape infrastructure is not only a technical structure but also a carrier of natural and urban processes. It is proposed to solve the environmental problems and adapt to the surroundings as well as providing the appropriate environmental conditions for the long-term dynamic natural and urban development. (Nijhuis, S and Jauslin, D., 2015). Transforming the Houtribdijk into an operative lanscape structure as the subject is under the guiding of “Flowscape” concept. The Houtribdijk is located between two different eco-system-Ijsselmeer and Markermeer as well as two different urban tissues-Enkhuizen and Lelystad. There are highly dynamic nature processes and urban development happening in this area. However, the Houtribdijk was designed to make the southwestern polder. Since that polder plan was canceled, the Houtribdijk, this fixed infrastructure has not fit into the environment any more. For example, the Houtribdijk blocks two lakes (the Ijsselmeer and the Markermeer) which results in an unbalanced eco-system. Moreover, it only carries a high-speed linear traffic line between Enkhuizen and Lelystad without a place for people to stay and enjoy the open horizon. So I choose this location to apply the “Flowscape” theme in order to transform the Houtribdijk into an operative landscape infrastructure, which provides a coherence landscape condition for nature and urban development while considering ecologic, technical, architectural and social aspects., Architecture and The Built Environment, Urbanism, Landscape Architecture

Booklet of the elective course AR0048 2014/2015 ‘Landscape Architecture ON site - being part of Oerol’, an elective course of the MSc2 - Chair of Landscape Architecture at the TU Delft., Urbanism, Architecture and The Built Environment

Booklet of the elective course AR0048 2014/2015 ‘Landscape Architecture ON site - being part of Oerol’, an elective course of the MSc2 - Chair of Landscape Architecture at the TU Delft., Urbanism, Architecture and The Built Environment

© 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Streptococcus mutans is a primary pathogen responsible for dental caries. It has an outstanding ability to form biofilm, which is vital for virulence. Previous studies have shown that knockout of Wall-associated protein A (WapA) affects cell chain and biofilm formation of S. mutans. As a surface protein, the distribution of WapA remains unknown, but it is important to understand the mechanism underlying the function of WapA. This study applied the fluorescence protein mCherry as a reporter gene to characterize the dynamic distribution of WapA in S. mutans via time-lapse and super-resolution fluorescence imaging. The results revealed interesting subcellular distribution patterns of WapA in single, dividing and long chains of S. mutans cells. It appears at the middle of the cell and moves to the poles as the cell grows and divides. In a cell chain, after each round of cell division, such dynamic relocation results in WapA distribution at the previous cell division sites, resulting in a pattern where WapA is located at the boundary of two adjacent cell pairs. This WapA distribution pattern corresponds to the breaking segmentation of wapA deletion cell chains. The dynamic relocation of WapA through the cell cycle increases our understanding of the mechanism of WapA in maintaining cell chain integrity and biofilm formation.

© 2015 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Streptococcus mutans is a primary pathogen responsible for dental caries. It has an outstanding ability to form biofilm, which is vital for virulence. Previous studies have shown that knockout of Wall-associated protein A (WapA) affects cell chain and biofilm formation of S. mutans. As a surface protein, the distribution of WapA remains unknown, but it is important to understand the mechanism underlying the function of WapA. This study applied the fluorescence protein mCherry as a reporter gene to characterize the dynamic distribution of WapA in S. mutans via time-lapse and super-resolution fluorescence imaging. The results revealed interesting subcellular distribution patterns of WapA in single, dividing and long chains of S. mutans cells. It appears at the middle of the cell and moves to the poles as the cell grows and divides. In a cell chain, after each round of cell division, such dynamic relocation results in WapA distribution at the previous cell division sites, resulting in a pattern where WapA is located at the boundary of two adjacent cell pairs. This WapA distribution pattern corresponds to the breaking segmentation of wapA deletion cell chains. The dynamic relocation of WapA through the cell cycle increases our understanding of the mechanism of WapA in maintaining cell chain integrity and biofilm formation.

Science journalism is a previously neglected but rapidly growing area of scholarship in postgenomics medicine and socio-technical studies of knowledge-based innovations. Science journalism can help evaluate the quantity and quality of information flux between traditional scientific expert communities and the broader public, for example, in personalized medicine education. Newspapers can play a crucial role in science and health communication, and more importantly, in framing public engagement. However, research on the role of newspaper coverage of genomics-related articles has not been readily available in resource-limited settings. As genomics is rapidly expanding worldwide, this gap in newspaper reportage in China is therefore an important issue. In order to bridge this gap, we investigated the coverage of genomics medicine in eight major Chinese national newspapers, using the China Core Newspapers Full-text Database (CCND) and articles in scientific journals in PubMed from 2000 to 2011. Coverage of genomics medicine in these eight official government Chinese newspapers has remained low, with only 12 articles published per newspaper per year between 2000 and 2011. Between 2000 and 2011, over a 40-fold difference was observed in the number of genomics medicine-related articles in PubMed, as compared to that in newspapers. The numbers of genomics-related articles among the eight major newspapers from 2000 to 2011 were significantly different (p=0.001). Commentary/mini reviews and articles about gene therapy for specific diseases were most frequently published in 2006 and 2011. In parallel, we observed that “cancer gene therapy,” “new susceptibility gene locus,” and “gene technology revolution” were the top three thematic strands addressed in the newspapers, even though their volume remained low. This study reports on the under-representation of newspaper coverage of genomics medicine in China, despite the vast growth of scientific articles in journals in this knowle

Science journalism is a previously neglected but rapidly growing area of scholarship in postgenomics medicine and socio-technical studies of knowledge-based innovations. Science journalism can help evaluate the quantity and quality of information flux between traditional scientific expert communities and the broader public, for example, in personalized medicine education. Newspapers can play a crucial role in science and health communication, and more importantly, in framing public engagement. However, research on the role of newspaper coverage of genomics-related articles has not been readily available in resource-limited settings. As genomics is rapidly expanding worldwide, this gap in newspaper reportage in China is therefore an important issue. In order to bridge this gap, we investigated the coverage of genomics medicine in eight major Chinese national newspapers, using the China Core Newspapers Full-text Database (CCND) and articles in scientific journals in PubMed from 2000 to 2011. Coverage of genomics medicine in these eight official government Chinese newspapers has remained low, with only 12 articles published per newspaper per year between 2000 and 2011. Between 2000 and 2011, over a 40-fold difference was observed in the number of genomics medicine-related articles in PubMed, as compared to that in newspapers. The numbers of genomics-related articles among the eight major newspapers from 2000 to 2011 were significantly different (p=0.001). Commentary/mini reviews and articles about gene therapy for specific diseases were most frequently published in 2006 and 2011. In parallel, we observed that “cancer gene therapy,” “new susceptibility gene locus,” and “gene technology revolution” were the top three thematic strands addressed in the newspapers, even though their volume remained low. This study reports on the under-representation of newspaper coverage of genomics medicine in China, despite the vast growth of scientific articles in journals in this knowle

A highly transparent and physically robust step-Al-doped MoO3 layer was successfully utilized as the interconnection layer (ICL) to fabricate high-efficiency inverted tandem polymer solar cells (PSCs). The inverted tandem cell constructed by the same PCDTBT:PC70BM active layer showed a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.88% with equivalent external quantum efficiency of nearly 80%, implying a high charge-collection efficiency in tandem structure. Incorporation of two sub-cells with complementary absorption spectra leads to further increase of PCE over 7.31%, which is the best results for tandem PSCs with PEDOT:PSS-free interconnection layer. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

A Corrected Incompressible SPH (CISPH) method is proposed for accurate tracking of water surface in breaking waves. Corrective terms are derived based on a variational approach to ensure the angular momentum preservation of Incompressible SPH (ISPH) formulations. The proposed CISPH method is applied to solve the Navier–Stokes equation for simulating the breaking and post-breaking of solitary waves on a plane slope. The enhanced precision (compared to the ISPH method) of the CISPH method is confirmed through both qualitative and quantitative comparisons with experimental data. The introduction of corrective terms significantly improves the capability and the accuracy of the ISPH method in the simulation of wave breaking and post-breaking.