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2. Seasonal Variations of Soil Thermal Conductivity at the InSight Landing Site

Author

Grott, M., Piqueux, S., Spohn, T., Knollenberg, J., Krause, C., Marteau, E., Hudson, T. L., Forget, F., Lange, L., Mueller, N., Golombek, M., Nagihara, S., Morgan, P., Murphy, J. P., Siegler, M., King, Scott D., Banfield, D., Smrekar, S. E., Banerdt, W. B., Grott, M., Piqueux, S., Spohn, T., Knollenberg, J., Krause, C., Marteau, E., Hudson, T. L., Forget, F., Lange, L., Mueller, N., Golombek, M., Nagihara, S., Morgan, P., Murphy, J. P., Siegler, M., King, Scott D., Banfield, D., Smrekar, S. E., and Banerdt, W. B.

Abstract

The heat flow and physical properties package measured soil thermal conductivity at the landing site in the 0.03-0.37 m depth range. Six measurements spanning solar longitudes from 8.0 degrees to 210.0 degrees were made and atmospheric pressure at the site was simultaneously measured using InSight's Pressure Sensor. We find that soil thermal conductivity strongly correlates with atmospheric pressure. This trend is compatible with predictions of the pressure dependence of thermal conductivity for unconsolidated soils under martian atmospheric conditions, indicating that heat transport through the pore filling gas is a major contributor to the total heat transport. Therefore, any cementation or induration of the soil sampled by the experiments must be minimal and soil surrounding the mole at depths below the duricrust is likely unconsolidated. Thermal conductivity data presented here are the first direct evidence that the atmosphere interacts with the top most meter of material on Mars.

Published
2023

3. The Local-time variations of Lunar Prospector epithermal-neutron data

Author

Teodoro, L. F. A., Lawrence, D. J., Eke, V. R., Elphic, R. E., Feldman, W. C., Maurice, S., Siegler, M. A., Paige, D. A., Teodoro, L. F. A., Lawrence, D. J., Eke, V. R., Elphic, R. E., Feldman, W. C., Maurice, S., Siegler, M. A., and Paige, D. A.

Abstract

We assess local-time variations of epithermal-neutron count rates measured by the Lunar Prospector Neutron Spectrometer. We investigate the nature of these variations and find no evidence to support the idea that such variations are caused by diurnal variations of hydrogen concentration across the lunar surface. Rather we find an anticorrelation between instrumental temperature and epithermal-neutron count rate. We have also found that the measured counts are dependent on the temperatures of the top decimeters of the lunar subsurface as constrained by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Diviner Lunar Radiometer Experiment temperature measurements. Finally, we have made the first measurement of the effective leakage depth for epithermal-neutrons of ~20 cm., Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures and 3 tables

Published
2015

4. The Local-time variations of Lunar Prospector epithermal-neutron data

Author

Teodoro, L. F. A., Lawrence, D. J., Eke, V. R., Elphic, R. E., Feldman, W. C., Maurice, S., Siegler, M. A., Paige, D. A., Teodoro, L. F. A., Lawrence, D. J., Eke, V. R., Elphic, R. E., Feldman, W. C., Maurice, S., Siegler, M. A., and Paige, D. A.

Abstract

We assess local-time variations of epithermal-neutron count rates measured by the Lunar Prospector Neutron Spectrometer. We investigate the nature of these variations and find no evidence to support the idea that such variations are caused by diurnal variations of hydrogen concentration across the lunar surface. Rather we find an anticorrelation between instrumental temperature and epithermal-neutron count rate. We have also found that the measured counts are dependent on the temperatures of the top decimeters of the lunar subsurface as constrained by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Diviner Lunar Radiometer Experiment temperature measurements. Finally, we have made the first measurement of the effective leakage depth for epithermal-neutrons of ~20 cm., Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures and 3 tables

Published
2015

5. Recommendations for management of patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases. Working Group on Neuroendocrine Liver Metastases.

Author

Rindi, Guido, Frilling, A, Modlin, Im, Kidd, M, Russell, C, Breitenstein, S, Salem, R, Kwekkeboom, D, Lau, Wy, Klersy, C, Vilgrain, V, Davidson, B, Siegler, M, Caplin, M, Schilsky, R., Rindi, Guido (ORCID:0000-0003-2996-4404), Rindi, Guido, Frilling, A, Modlin, Im, Kidd, M, Russell, C, Breitenstein, S, Salem, R, Kwekkeboom, D, Lau, Wy, Klersy, C, Vilgrain, V, Davidson, B, Siegler, M, Caplin, M, Schilsky, R., and Rindi, Guido (ORCID:0000-0003-2996-4404)

Abstract

Recommendations for management of patients with neuroendocrine liver metastases. Working Group on Neuroendocrine Liver Metastases.

Published
2015

12. PCN- and PCS-pincer palladium complexes as tandem catalysts in homoallylation reactions

Author

Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Sub Chem Biol & Organic Chem begr 1-6-12, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Li, J., Siegler, M., Lutz, M., Spek, A.L., Klein Gebbink, R.J.M., van Koten, G., Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Sub Chem Biol & Organic Chem begr 1-6-12, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Li, J., Siegler, M., Lutz, M., Spek, A.L., Klein Gebbink, R.J.M., and van Koten, G.

Published
2010

13. IPr* an easily accessible highly hindered N-heterocyclic carbene

Author

Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Berthon-Gelloz, G., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., Tinant, B., Reek, J.N.H., Markó, I. E., Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Berthon-Gelloz, G., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., Tinant, B., Reek, J.N.H., and Markó, I. E.

Published
2010

15. Catalyst selection based on intermediate stability measured by mass spectrometry

Author

Biokatalyse, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Wassenaar, J., Jansen, E., van Zeist, W.-J., Bickelhaupt, F. M., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., Reek, J.N.H., Biokatalyse, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Wassenaar, J., Jansen, E., van Zeist, W.-J., Bickelhaupt, F. M., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., and Reek, J.N.H.

Published
2010

16. Dichlorostannylene complexes of group 10 metals, a unique bonding mode stabilized by bridging 2-pyridyldiphenylphosphine ligands

Author

Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Rontgen participation programme, Sub Chem Biol & Organic Chem begr 1-6-12, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Cabon, Y., Kleijn, H., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., Klein Gebbink, R.J.M., Deelman, B.J., Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Rontgen participation programme, Sub Chem Biol & Organic Chem begr 1-6-12, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Cabon, Y., Kleijn, H., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., Klein Gebbink, R.J.M., and Deelman, B.J.

Published
2010

17. Phosphinoureas: cooperative ligands in rhodium-catalyzed hydroformylation? on the possibility of a ligand-assisted reductive elimination of the aldehyde

Author

Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Meeuwissen, J., Sandee, A. J., de Bruin, B., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., Reek, J.N.H., Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Meeuwissen, J., Sandee, A. J., de Bruin, B., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., and Reek, J.N.H.

Published
2010

20. Phosphinoureas: cooperative ligands in rhodium-catalyzed hydroformylation? on the possibility of a ligand-assisted reductive elimination of the aldehyde

Author

Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Meeuwissen, J., Sandee, A. J., de Bruin, B., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., Reek, J.N.H., Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Meeuwissen, J., Sandee, A. J., de Bruin, B., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., and Reek, J.N.H.

Published
2010

21. PCN- and PCS-pincer palladium complexes as tandem catalysts in homoallylation reactions

Author

Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Sub Chem Biol & Organic Chem begr 1-6-12, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Li, J., Siegler, M., Lutz, M., Spek, A.L., Klein Gebbink, R.J.M., van Koten, G., Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Sub Chem Biol & Organic Chem begr 1-6-12, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Li, J., Siegler, M., Lutz, M., Spek, A.L., Klein Gebbink, R.J.M., and van Koten, G.

Published
2010

23. Dichlorostannylene complexes of group 10 metals, a unique bonding mode stabilized by bridging 2-pyridyldiphenylphosphine ligands

Author

Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Rontgen participation programme, Sub Chem Biol & Organic Chem begr 1-6-12, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Cabon, Y., Kleijn, H., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., Klein Gebbink, R.J.M., Deelman, B.J., Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Rontgen participation programme, Sub Chem Biol & Organic Chem begr 1-6-12, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Cabon, Y., Kleijn, H., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., Klein Gebbink, R.J.M., and Deelman, B.J.

Published
2010

24. Catalyst selection based on intermediate stability measured by mass spectrometry

Author

Biokatalyse, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Wassenaar, J., Jansen, E., van Zeist, W.-J., Bickelhaupt, F. M., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., Reek, J.N.H., Biokatalyse, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Wassenaar, J., Jansen, E., van Zeist, W.-J., Bickelhaupt, F. M., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., and Reek, J.N.H.

Published
2010

25. IPr* an easily accessible highly hindered N-heterocyclic carbene

Author

Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Berthon-Gelloz, G., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., Tinant, B., Reek, J.N.H., Markó, I. E., Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Berthon-Gelloz, G., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., Tinant, B., Reek, J.N.H., and Markó, I. E.

Published
2010

27. Dichlorostannylene complexes of group 10 metals, a unique bonding mode stabilized by bridging 2-pyridyldiphenylphosphine ligands

Author

Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Rontgen participation programme, Sub Chem Biol & Organic Chem begr 1-6-12, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Cabon, Y., Kleijn, H., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., Klein Gebbink, R.J.M., Deelman, B.J., Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Rontgen participation programme, Sub Chem Biol & Organic Chem begr 1-6-12, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Cabon, Y., Kleijn, H., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., Klein Gebbink, R.J.M., and Deelman, B.J.

Published
2010

28. PCN- and PCS-pincer palladium complexes as tandem catalysts in homoallylation reactions

Author

Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Sub Chem Biol & Organic Chem begr 1-6-12, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Li, J., Siegler, M., Lutz, M., Spek, A.L., Klein Gebbink, R.J.M., van Koten, G., Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Organic Chemistry and Catalysis, Sub Chem Biol & Organic Chem begr 1-6-12, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Li, J., Siegler, M., Lutz, M., Spek, A.L., Klein Gebbink, R.J.M., and van Koten, G.

Published
2010

31. IPr* an easily accessible highly hindered N-heterocyclic carbene

Author

Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Berthon-Gelloz, G., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., Tinant, B., Reek, J.N.H., Markó, I. E., Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Berthon-Gelloz, G., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., Tinant, B., Reek, J.N.H., and Markó, I. E.

Published
2010

32. Catalyst selection based on intermediate stability measured by mass spectrometry

Author

Biokatalyse, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Wassenaar, J., Jansen, E., van Zeist, W.-J., Bickelhaupt, F. M., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., Reek, J.N.H., Biokatalyse, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Wassenaar, J., Jansen, E., van Zeist, W.-J., Bickelhaupt, F. M., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., and Reek, J.N.H.

Published
2010

33. Phosphinoureas: cooperative ligands in rhodium-catalyzed hydroformylation? on the possibility of a ligand-assisted reductive elimination of the aldehyde

Author

Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Meeuwissen, J., Sandee, A. J., de Bruin, B., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., Reek, J.N.H., Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Sub Crystal and Structural Chemistry, Meeuwissen, J., Sandee, A. J., de Bruin, B., Siegler, M. A., Spek, A.L., and Reek, J.N.H.

Published
2010

34. The LHCb Silicon Tracker Project

Author

Agari, M., Bauer, C., Baumeister, D., Blouw, J., Hofmann, W., Knöpfle, K.T., Löchner, S., Schmelling, M., Pugatch, V., Bay, A., Carron, B., Frei, Regina, Jiminez-Otero, S., Tran, M.T., Voss, H., Adeva, B., Esperante, D., Lois, C., Vasquez, P., Bernhard, R.P., Bernet, R., Ermoline, Y., Gassner, J., Köstner, S., Lehner, F., Needham, M., Siegler, M., Steinkamp, O., Straumann, U., Vollhardt, A., Volyanskyy, D., Agari, M., Bauer, C., Baumeister, D., Blouw, J., Hofmann, W., Knöpfle, K.T., Löchner, S., Schmelling, M., Pugatch, V., Bay, A., Carron, B., Frei, Regina, Jiminez-Otero, S., Tran, M.T., Voss, H., Adeva, B., Esperante, D., Lois, C., Vasquez, P., Bernhard, R.P., Bernet, R., Ermoline, Y., Gassner, J., Köstner, S., Lehner, F., Needham, M., Siegler, M., Steinkamp, O., Straumann, U., Vollhardt, A., and Volyanskyy, D.

Abstract

Two silicon strip detectors, the Trigger Tracker(TT) and the Inner Tracker(IT) will be constructed for the LHCb experiment. Transverse momentum information extracted from the TT will be used in the Level 1 trigger. The IT is part of the main tracking system behind the magnet. Both silicon detectors will be read out using a custom-developed chip by the ASIC lab in Heidelberg. The signal-over-noise behavior and performance of various geometrical designs of the silicon sensors, in conjunction with the Beetle read-out chip, have been extensively studied in test beam experiments. Results from those experiments are presented, and have been used in the final choice of sensor geometry.

Published
2006

35. LHCb Silicon Tracker Performance Studies

Author

Kostner, S., Adeva, B., Agari, M., Bauer, C., Baumeister, D., Bay, A., Bernhard, R.P., Bernet, R., Blouw, J., Carron, B., Ermoline, Y., Esperante, D., Frei, Regina, Gassner, J., Hofmann, W., Jimenez-Otero, S., Knopfle, K.T., Lehner, F., Lochner, S., Lois, C., Needham, M., Perron, A., Pugatch, V., Schmelling, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Siegler, M., Steinkamp, O., Straumann, U., Tran, M.T., Vazques, P., Vollhardt, A., Volyanski, D., Voss, H., Kostner, S., Adeva, B., Agari, M., Bauer, C., Baumeister, D., Bay, A., Bernhard, R.P., Bernet, R., Blouw, J., Carron, B., Ermoline, Y., Esperante, D., Frei, Regina, Gassner, J., Hofmann, W., Jimenez-Otero, S., Knopfle, K.T., Lehner, F., Lochner, S., Lois, C., Needham, M., Perron, A., Pugatch, V., Schmelling, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Siegler, M., Steinkamp, O., Straumann, U., Tran, M.T., Vazques, P., Vollhardt, A., Volyanski, D., and Voss, H.

Abstract

LHCb is one of the experiments for the Large Hadron Collider at CERN and is dedicated to B-physics and CP-violation measurements. To exploit its physics potential good tracking performance with high efficiency in a high particle density environment close to the beam pipe is required. Silicon strip detectors with large read-out pitch and long strips will be used for the LHCb Inner Tracker behind the magnet and the Trigger Tracker station in front of the magnet. We report here about the design of the Silicon Tracker, test beam results and the electrical tests foreseen during production

Published
2006

36. LHCb Silicon Tracker Performance Studies

Author

Kostner, S., Adeva, B., Agari, M., Bauer, C., Baumeister, D., Bay, A., Bernhard, R.P., Bernet, R., Blouw, J., Carron, B., Ermoline, Y., Esperante, D., Frei, Regina, Gassner, J., Hofmann, W., Jimenez-Otero, S., Knopfle, K.T., Lehner, F., Lochner, S., Lois, C., Needham, M., Perron, A., Pugatch, V., Schmelling, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Siegler, M., Steinkamp, O., Straumann, U., Tran, M.T., Vazques, P., Vollhardt, A., Volyanski, D., Voss, H., Kostner, S., Adeva, B., Agari, M., Bauer, C., Baumeister, D., Bay, A., Bernhard, R.P., Bernet, R., Blouw, J., Carron, B., Ermoline, Y., Esperante, D., Frei, Regina, Gassner, J., Hofmann, W., Jimenez-Otero, S., Knopfle, K.T., Lehner, F., Lochner, S., Lois, C., Needham, M., Perron, A., Pugatch, V., Schmelling, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Siegler, M., Steinkamp, O., Straumann, U., Tran, M.T., Vazques, P., Vollhardt, A., Volyanski, D., and Voss, H.

Abstract

LHCb is one of the experiments for the Large Hadron Collider at CERN and is dedicated to B-physics and CP-violation measurements. To exploit its physics potential good tracking performance with high efficiency in a high particle density environment close to the beam pipe is required. Silicon strip detectors with large read-out pitch and long strips will be used for the LHCb Inner Tracker behind the magnet and the Trigger Tracker station in front of the magnet. We report here about the design of the Silicon Tracker, test beam results and the electrical tests foreseen during production

Published
2006

37. The LHCb Silicon Tracker Project

Author

Agari, M., Bauer, C., Baumeister, D., Blouw, J., Hofmann, W., Knöpfle, K.T., Löchner, S., Schmelling, M., Pugatch, V., Bay, A., Carron, B., Frei, Regina, Jiminez-Otero, S., Tran, M.T., Voss, H., Adeva, B., Esperante, D., Lois, C., Vasquez, P., Bernhard, R.P., Bernet, R., Ermoline, Y., Gassner, J., Köstner, S., Lehner, F., Needham, M., Siegler, M., Steinkamp, O., Straumann, U., Vollhardt, A., Volyanskyy, D., Agari, M., Bauer, C., Baumeister, D., Blouw, J., Hofmann, W., Knöpfle, K.T., Löchner, S., Schmelling, M., Pugatch, V., Bay, A., Carron, B., Frei, Regina, Jiminez-Otero, S., Tran, M.T., Voss, H., Adeva, B., Esperante, D., Lois, C., Vasquez, P., Bernhard, R.P., Bernet, R., Ermoline, Y., Gassner, J., Köstner, S., Lehner, F., Needham, M., Siegler, M., Steinkamp, O., Straumann, U., Vollhardt, A., and Volyanskyy, D.

Abstract

Two silicon strip detectors, the Trigger Tracker(TT) and the Inner Tracker(IT) will be constructed for the LHCb experiment. Transverse momentum information extracted from the TT will be used in the Level 1 trigger. The IT is part of the main tracking system behind the magnet. Both silicon detectors will be read out using a custom-developed chip by the ASIC lab in Heidelberg. The signal-over-noise behavior and performance of various geometrical designs of the silicon sensors, in conjunction with the Beetle read-out chip, have been extensively studied in test beam experiments. Results from those experiments are presented, and have been used in the final choice of sensor geometry.

Published
2006

38. LHCb Silicon Tracker Performance Studies

Author

Kostner, S., Adeva, B., Agari, M., Bauer, C., Baumeister, D., Bay, A., Bernhard, R.P., Bernet, R., Blouw, J., Carron, B., Ermoline, Y., Esperante, D., Frei, Regina, Gassner, J., Hofmann, W., Jimenez-Otero, S., Knopfle, K.T., Lehner, F., Lochner, S., Lois, C., Needham, M., Perron, A., Pugatch, V., Schmelling, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Siegler, M., Steinkamp, O., Straumann, U., Tran, M.T., Vazques, P., Vollhardt, A., Volyanski, D., Voss, H., Kostner, S., Adeva, B., Agari, M., Bauer, C., Baumeister, D., Bay, A., Bernhard, R.P., Bernet, R., Blouw, J., Carron, B., Ermoline, Y., Esperante, D., Frei, Regina, Gassner, J., Hofmann, W., Jimenez-Otero, S., Knopfle, K.T., Lehner, F., Lochner, S., Lois, C., Needham, M., Perron, A., Pugatch, V., Schmelling, M., Schwingenheuer, B., Siegler, M., Steinkamp, O., Straumann, U., Tran, M.T., Vazques, P., Vollhardt, A., Volyanski, D., and Voss, H.

Abstract

LHCb is one of the experiments for the Large Hadron Collider at CERN and is dedicated to B-physics and CP-violation measurements. To exploit its physics potential good tracking performance with high efficiency in a high particle density environment close to the beam pipe is required. Silicon strip detectors with large read-out pitch and long strips will be used for the LHCb Inner Tracker behind the magnet and the Trigger Tracker station in front of the magnet. We report here about the design of the Silicon Tracker, test beam results and the electrical tests foreseen during production

Published
2006

39. The LHCb Silicon Tracker Project

Author

Agari, M., Bauer, C., Baumeister, D., Blouw, J., Hofmann, W., Knöpfle, K.T., Löchner, S., Schmelling, M., Pugatch, V., Bay, A., Carron, B., Frei, Regina, Jiminez-Otero, S., Tran, M.T., Voss, H., Adeva, B., Esperante, D., Lois, C., Vasquez, P., Bernhard, R.P., Bernet, R., Ermoline, Y., Gassner, J., Köstner, S., Lehner, F., Needham, M., Siegler, M., Steinkamp, O., Straumann, U., Vollhardt, A., Volyanskyy, D., Agari, M., Bauer, C., Baumeister, D., Blouw, J., Hofmann, W., Knöpfle, K.T., Löchner, S., Schmelling, M., Pugatch, V., Bay, A., Carron, B., Frei, Regina, Jiminez-Otero, S., Tran, M.T., Voss, H., Adeva, B., Esperante, D., Lois, C., Vasquez, P., Bernhard, R.P., Bernet, R., Ermoline, Y., Gassner, J., Köstner, S., Lehner, F., Needham, M., Siegler, M., Steinkamp, O., Straumann, U., Vollhardt, A., and Volyanskyy, D.

Abstract

Two silicon strip detectors, the Trigger Tracker(TT) and the Inner Tracker(IT) will be constructed for the LHCb experiment. Transverse momentum information extracted from the TT will be used in the Level 1 trigger. The IT is part of the main tracking system behind the magnet. Both silicon detectors will be read out using a custom-developed chip by the ASIC lab in Heidelberg. The signal-over-noise behavior and performance of various geometrical designs of the silicon sensors, in conjunction with the Beetle read-out chip, have been extensively studied in test beam experiments. Results from those experiments are presented, and have been used in the final choice of sensor geometry.

Published
2006

40. Experiments in Spoken Document Retrieval at CMU

Author

CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, Siegler, M. A., Witbrock, M. J., Slattery, S. T., Seymore, K., Jones, R. E., Hauptmann, A. G., CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE, Siegler, M. A., Witbrock, M. J., Slattery, S. T., Seymore, K., Jones, R. E., and Hauptmann, A. G.

Abstract

We describe our submission to the TREC-6 Spoken Document Retrieval "SDR" track and the speech recognition and the information retrieval engines. We present SDR evaluation results and a brief analysis. A few developments and experiments are also described in detail including: Vocabulary size experiments, which assess the effect of words missing from the speech recognition vocabulary. For our 51,000-word vocabulary the effect was minimal. Speech recognition using a stemmed language model, where the model statistics of words containing the same root are combined. Stemmed language models did not improve speech recognition or information retrieval. Merging the IBM and CMU speech recognition data. Combining the results of two independent recognition systems slightly boosted information retrieval results. Confidence annotations that estimate of the correctness of each recognized word. Confidence annotations did not appear to improve retrieval. N-best lists where the top recognizer hypotheses are used for information retrieval. Using the top 50 hypotheses dramatically improved performance in the test set. Effects of corpus size on the SDR task. As more documents are added to the task, the gap between perfect retrieval and retrieving spoken documents gets larger. This makes it clear that the size of the current TREC SDR track corpus is too small for obtaining meaningful results. While we have done preliminary experiments with these approaches, most of them were not part of our submission, since their impact on the IR performance on the actual TREC SDR training corpus was too marginal for reliable experiments., Presented at the Text Retrieval Conference "TREC-6" (6th) Held in Gaithersburg, MD on 19-21 Nov 1997.

Published
1997

41. Asteroid (101955) Bennu’s weak boulders and thermally anomalous equator

Author

Rozitis, B., Ryan, A. J., Emery, J. P., Christensen, P. R., Hamilton, V. E., Simon, A. A., Reuter, D. C., Al Asad, M., Ballouz, R.-L., Bandfield, J. L., Barnouin, O. S., Bennett, C. A., Bernacki, M., Burke, K. N., Cambioni, S., Clark, B. E., Daly, M. G., Delbo, M., DellaGiustina, D. N., Elder, C. M., Hanna, R. D., Haberle, C. W., Howell, E. S., Golish, D. R., Jawin, E. R., Kaplan, H. H., Lim, L. F., Molaro, J. L., Munoz, D. Pino, Nolan, M. C., Rizk, B., Siegler, M. A., Susorney, H. C. M., Walsh, K. J., Lauretta, D. S., Rozitis, B., Ryan, A. J., Emery, J. P., Christensen, P. R., Hamilton, V. E., Simon, A. A., Reuter, D. C., Al Asad, M., Ballouz, R.-L., Bandfield, J. L., Barnouin, O. S., Bennett, C. A., Bernacki, M., Burke, K. N., Cambioni, S., Clark, B. E., Daly, M. G., Delbo, M., DellaGiustina, D. N., Elder, C. M., Hanna, R. D., Haberle, C. W., Howell, E. S., Golish, D. R., Jawin, E. R., Kaplan, H. H., Lim, L. F., Molaro, J. L., Munoz, D. Pino, Nolan, M. C., Rizk, B., Siegler, M. A., Susorney, H. C. M., Walsh, K. J., and Lauretta, D. S.

Abstract

Thermal inertia and surface roughness are proxies for the physical characteristics of planetary surfaces. Global maps of these two properties distinguish the boulder population on near-Earth asteroid (NEA) (101955) Bennu into two types that differ in strength, and both have lower thermal inertia than expected for boulders and meteorites. Neither has strongly temperature-dependent thermal properties. The weaker boulder type probably would not survive atmospheric entry and thus may not be represented in the meteorite collection. The maps also show a high–thermal inertia band at Bennu’s equator, which might be explained by processes such as compaction or strength sorting during mass movement, but these explanations are not wholly consistent with other data. Our findings imply that other C-complex NEAs likely have boulders similar to those on Bennu rather than finer-particulate regoliths. A tentative correlation between albedo and thermal inertia of C-complex NEAs may be due to relative abundances of boulder types.

42. Potential effects of atmospheric collapse on Martian heat flow and application to the InSight measurements

Author

Attree, N., Patel, N., Hagermann, A., Grott, M., Spohn, T., Siegler, M., Attree, N., Patel, N., Hagermann, A., Grott, M., Spohn, T., and Siegler, M.

Abstract

Heat flow is an important constraint on planetary formation and evolution. It has been suggested that Martian obliquity cycles might cause periodic collapses in atmospheric pressure, leading to corresponding decreases in regolith thermal conductivity (which is controlled by gas in the pore spaces). Geothermal heat would then build up in the subsurface, potentially affecting present–day heat flow — and thus the measurements made by a heat–flow probe such as the InSight HP3 instrument. To gauge the order of magnitude of this effect, we model the diffusion of a putative heat pulse caused by thermal conductivity changes with a simple numerical scheme and compare it to the heat–flow perturbations caused by other effects. We find that an atmospheric collapse to 300 Pa in the last 40 kyr would lead to a present–day heat flow that is up to larger than the average geothermal background. Considering the InSight mission with expected error bars on the HP3 measurement, this perturbation would only be significant in the best-case scenario of full instrument deployment, completed measurement campaign, and a well–modelled surface configuration. The prospects for detecting long-term climate perturbations via spacecraft heat–flow experiments remain challenging.

43. Properties of rubble-pile asteroid (101955) Bennu from OSIRIS-REx imaging and thermal analysis

Author

DellaGiustina, D. N., Emery, J. P., Golish, D. R., Rozitis, Benjamin, Bennett, C. A., Burke, K. N., Ballouz, R.-L., Becker, K. J., Christensen, P. R., Drouet d’Aubigny, C. Y., Hamilton, V. E., Reuter, D. C., Rizk, B., Simon, A. A., Asphaug, E., Bandfield, J. L., Barnouin, O. S., Barucci, M. A., Bierhaus, E. B., Binzel, R. P., Bottke, W. F., Bowles, N. E., Campins, H., Clark, B. C., Clark, B. E., Connolly, H. C., Daly, M. G., Leon, J. de, Delbo’, M., Deshapriya, J. D. P., Elder, C. M., Fornasier, S., Hergenrother, C. W., Howell, E. S., Jawin, E. R., Kaplan, H. H., Kareta, T. R., Le Corre, L., Li, J.-Y., Licandro, J., Lim, L. F., Michel, P., Molaro, J., Nolan, M. C., Pajola, M., Popescu, M., Garcia, J. L. Rizos, Ryan, A., Schwartz, S. R., Shultz, N., Siegler, M. A., Smith, P. H., Tatsumi, E., Thomas, C. A., Walsh, K. J., Wolner, C. W. V., Zou, X.-D., Lauretta, D. S., DellaGiustina, D. N., Emery, J. P., Golish, D. R., Rozitis, Benjamin, Bennett, C. A., Burke, K. N., Ballouz, R.-L., Becker, K. J., Christensen, P. R., Drouet d’Aubigny, C. Y., Hamilton, V. E., Reuter, D. C., Rizk, B., Simon, A. A., Asphaug, E., Bandfield, J. L., Barnouin, O. S., Barucci, M. A., Bierhaus, E. B., Binzel, R. P., Bottke, W. F., Bowles, N. E., Campins, H., Clark, B. C., Clark, B. E., Connolly, H. C., Daly, M. G., Leon, J. de, Delbo’, M., Deshapriya, J. D. P., Elder, C. M., Fornasier, S., Hergenrother, C. W., Howell, E. S., Jawin, E. R., Kaplan, H. H., Kareta, T. R., Le Corre, L., Li, J.-Y., Licandro, J., Lim, L. F., Michel, P., Molaro, J., Nolan, M. C., Pajola, M., Popescu, M., Garcia, J. L. Rizos, Ryan, A., Schwartz, S. R., Shultz, N., Siegler, M. A., Smith, P. H., Tatsumi, E., Thomas, C. A., Walsh, K. J., Wolner, C. W. V., Zou, X.-D., and Lauretta, D. S.

Abstract

Establishing the abundance and physical properties of regolith and boulders on asteroids is crucial for understanding the formation and degradation mechanisms at work on their surfaces. Using images and thermal data from NASA’s Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security-Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx) spacecraft, we show that asteroid (101955) Bennu’s surface is globally rough, dense with boulders, and low in albedo. The number of boulders is surprising given Bennu’s moderate thermal inertia, suggesting that simple models linking thermal inertia to particle size do not adequately capture the complexity relating these properties. At the same time, we find evidence for a wide range of particle sizes with distinct albedo characteristics. Our findings imply that ages of Bennu’s surface particles span from the disruption of the asteroid’s parent body (boulders) to recent in situ production (micrometre-scale particles).

44. Properties of rubble-pile asteroid (101955) Bennu from OSIRIS-REx imaging and thermal analysis

Author

DellaGiustina, D. N., Emery, J. P., Golish, D. R., Rozitis, Benjamin, Bennett, C. A., Burke, K. N., Ballouz, R.-L., Becker, K. J., Christensen, P. R., Drouet d’Aubigny, C. Y., Hamilton, V. E., Reuter, D. C., Rizk, B., Simon, A. A., Asphaug, E., Bandfield, J. L., Barnouin, O. S., Barucci, M. A., Bierhaus, E. B., Binzel, R. P., Bottke, W. F., Bowles, N. E., Campins, H., Clark, B. C., Clark, B. E., Connolly, H. C., Daly, M. G., Leon, J. de, Delbo’, M., Deshapriya, J. D. P., Elder, C. M., Fornasier, S., Hergenrother, C. W., Howell, E. S., Jawin, E. R., Kaplan, H. H., Kareta, T. R., Le Corre, L., Li, J.-Y., Licandro, J., Lim, L. F., Michel, P., Molaro, J., Nolan, M. C., Pajola, M., Popescu, M., Garcia, J. L. Rizos, Ryan, A., Schwartz, S. R., Shultz, N., Siegler, M. A., Smith, P. H., Tatsumi, E., Thomas, C. A., Walsh, K. J., Wolner, C. W. V., Zou, X.-D., Lauretta, D. S., DellaGiustina, D. N., Emery, J. P., Golish, D. R., Rozitis, Benjamin, Bennett, C. A., Burke, K. N., Ballouz, R.-L., Becker, K. J., Christensen, P. R., Drouet d’Aubigny, C. Y., Hamilton, V. E., Reuter, D. C., Rizk, B., Simon, A. A., Asphaug, E., Bandfield, J. L., Barnouin, O. S., Barucci, M. A., Bierhaus, E. B., Binzel, R. P., Bottke, W. F., Bowles, N. E., Campins, H., Clark, B. C., Clark, B. E., Connolly, H. C., Daly, M. G., Leon, J. de, Delbo’, M., Deshapriya, J. D. P., Elder, C. M., Fornasier, S., Hergenrother, C. W., Howell, E. S., Jawin, E. R., Kaplan, H. H., Kareta, T. R., Le Corre, L., Li, J.-Y., Licandro, J., Lim, L. F., Michel, P., Molaro, J., Nolan, M. C., Pajola, M., Popescu, M., Garcia, J. L. Rizos, Ryan, A., Schwartz, S. R., Shultz, N., Siegler, M. A., Smith, P. H., Tatsumi, E., Thomas, C. A., Walsh, K. J., Wolner, C. W. V., Zou, X.-D., and Lauretta, D. S.

Abstract

Establishing the abundance and physical properties of regolith and boulders on asteroids is crucial for understanding the formation and degradation mechanisms at work on their surfaces. Using images and thermal data from NASA’s Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security-Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx) spacecraft, we show that asteroid (101955) Bennu’s surface is globally rough, dense with boulders, and low in albedo. The number of boulders is surprising given Bennu’s moderate thermal inertia, suggesting that simple models linking thermal inertia to particle size do not adequately capture the complexity relating these properties. At the same time, we find evidence for a wide range of particle sizes with distinct albedo characteristics. Our findings imply that ages of Bennu’s surface particles span from the disruption of the asteroid’s parent body (boulders) to recent in situ production (micrometre-scale particles).

45. Asteroid (101955) Bennu’s weak boulders and thermally anomalous equator

Author

Rozitis, B., Ryan, A. J., Emery, J. P., Christensen, P. R., Hamilton, V. E., Simon, A. A., Reuter, D. C., Al Asad, M., Ballouz, R.-L., Bandfield, J. L., Barnouin, O. S., Bennett, C. A., Bernacki, M., Burke, K. N., Cambioni, S., Clark, B. E., Daly, M. G., Delbo, M., DellaGiustina, D. N., Elder, C. M., Hanna, R. D., Haberle, C. W., Howell, E. S., Golish, D. R., Jawin, E. R., Kaplan, H. H., Lim, L. F., Molaro, J. L., Munoz, D. Pino, Nolan, M. C., Rizk, B., Siegler, M. A., Susorney, H. C. M., Walsh, K. J., Lauretta, D. S., Rozitis, B., Ryan, A. J., Emery, J. P., Christensen, P. R., Hamilton, V. E., Simon, A. A., Reuter, D. C., Al Asad, M., Ballouz, R.-L., Bandfield, J. L., Barnouin, O. S., Bennett, C. A., Bernacki, M., Burke, K. N., Cambioni, S., Clark, B. E., Daly, M. G., Delbo, M., DellaGiustina, D. N., Elder, C. M., Hanna, R. D., Haberle, C. W., Howell, E. S., Golish, D. R., Jawin, E. R., Kaplan, H. H., Lim, L. F., Molaro, J. L., Munoz, D. Pino, Nolan, M. C., Rizk, B., Siegler, M. A., Susorney, H. C. M., Walsh, K. J., and Lauretta, D. S.

Abstract

Thermal inertia and surface roughness are proxies for the physical characteristics of planetary surfaces. Global maps of these two properties distinguish the boulder population on near-Earth asteroid (NEA) (101955) Bennu into two types that differ in strength, and both have lower thermal inertia than expected for boulders and meteorites. Neither has strongly temperature-dependent thermal properties. The weaker boulder type probably would not survive atmospheric entry and thus may not be represented in the meteorite collection. The maps also show a high–thermal inertia band at Bennu’s equator, which might be explained by processes such as compaction or strength sorting during mass movement, but these explanations are not wholly consistent with other data. Our findings imply that other C-complex NEAs likely have boulders similar to those on Bennu rather than finer-particulate regoliths. A tentative correlation between albedo and thermal inertia of C-complex NEAs may be due to relative abundances of boulder types.

46. Potential effects of atmospheric collapse on Martian heat flow and application to the InSight measurements

Author

Attree, N., Patel, N., Hagermann, A., Grott, M., Spohn, T., Siegler, M., Attree, N., Patel, N., Hagermann, A., Grott, M., Spohn, T., and Siegler, M.

Abstract

Heat flow is an important constraint on planetary formation and evolution. It has been suggested that Martian obliquity cycles might cause periodic collapses in atmospheric pressure, leading to corresponding decreases in regolith thermal conductivity (which is controlled by gas in the pore spaces). Geothermal heat would then build up in the subsurface, potentially affecting present–day heat flow — and thus the measurements made by a heat–flow probe such as the InSight HP3 instrument. To gauge the order of magnitude of this effect, we model the diffusion of a putative heat pulse caused by thermal conductivity changes with a simple numerical scheme and compare it to the heat–flow perturbations caused by other effects. We find that an atmospheric collapse to 300 Pa in the last 40 kyr would lead to a present–day heat flow that is up to larger than the average geothermal background. Considering the InSight mission with expected error bars on the HP3 measurement, this perturbation would only be significant in the best-case scenario of full instrument deployment, completed measurement campaign, and a well–modelled surface configuration. The prospects for detecting long-term climate perturbations via spacecraft heat–flow experiments remain challenging.

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