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How deep is the current diversity in the panoply of theories to define consciousness, and to what extent do these theories share common denominators? Here we first examine to what extent different theories are commensurable (or comparable) along particular dimensions. We posit logical (and, when applicable, empirical) commensurability as a necessary condition for identifying common denominators among different theories. By consequence, dimensions for inclusion in a set of logically and empirically commensurable theories of consciousness can be proposed. Next, we compare a limited subset of neuroscience-based theories in terms of commensurability. This analysis does not yield a denominator that might serve to define a minimally unifying model of consciousness. Theories that seem to be akin by one denominator can be remote by another. We suggest a methodology of comparing different theories via multiple probing questions, allowing to discern overall (dis)similarities between theories. Despite very different background definitions of consciousness, we conclude that, if attention is paid to the search for a common methological approach to brain-consciousness relationships, it should be possible in principle to overcome the current Babylonian confusion of tongues and eventually integrate and merge different theories.

How deep is the current diversity in the panoply of theories to define consciousness, and to what extent do these theories share common denominators? Here we first examine to what extent different theories are commensurable (or comparable) along particular dimensions. We posit logical (and, when applicable, empirical) commensurability as a necessary condition for identifying common denominators among different theories. By consequence, dimensions for inclusion in a set of logically and empirically commensurable theories of consciousness can be proposed. Next, we compare a limited subset of neuroscience-based theories in terms of commensurability. This analysis does not yield a denominator that might serve to define a minimally unifying model of consciousness. Theories that seem to be akin by one denominator can be remote by another. We suggest a methodology of comparing different theories via multiple probing questions, allowing to discern overall (dis)similarities between theories. Despite very different background definitions of consciousness, we conclude that, if attention is paid to the search for a common methological approach to brain-consciousness relationships, it should be possible in principle to overcome the current Babylonian confusion of tongues and eventually integrate and merge different theories.

How deep is the current diversity in the panoply of theories to define consciousness, and to what extent do these theories share common denominators? Here we first examine to what extent different theories are commensurable (or comparable) along particular dimensions. We posit logical (and, when applicable, empirical) commensurability as a necessary condition for identifying common denominators among different theories. By consequence, dimensions for inclusion in a set of logically and empirically commensurable theories of consciousness can be proposed. Next, we compare a limited subset of neuroscience-based theories in terms of commensurability. This analysis does not yield a denominator that might serve to define a minimally unifying model of consciousness. Theories that seem to be akin by one denominator can be remote by another. We suggest a methodology of comparing different theories via multiple probing questions, allowing to discern overall (dis)similarities between theories. Despite very different background definitions of consciousness, we conclude that, if attention is paid to the search for a common methological approach to brain-consciousness relationships, it should be possible in principle to overcome the current Babylonian confusion of tongues and eventually integrate and merge different theories.

Recent autoregressive generation models such as SoRA, GPT-4, LLaVa-next have made significant headway in modeling the short-range co-occurrence statistics in language – at the level of tokens or “word pieces” – and in vision at the pixel/region resolution. Empirically, these models are trained and evaluated by querying the model using a partial token sequence $t_1, \dots, t_{k-1}$, sampling the conditional distributions $P(t_k | t_1, \dots, t_{k-1})$ over multiple turns, and finally judging the quality (called the “Semantics”) of the resulting generated sequence of tokens $t_{k+1}, t_{k+2}, \dots$ in context of the original prompt. Such setups have proven to approach (and, in some cases, exceed) human performance at pre-existing NLP tasks such as Sentiment/Topic Classification, Sentence-level Similarity and Question-Answering and Short Story Completion. As the length demand of these token-by-token generations grows, the corresponding efforts to train and deploy these models – specifically, the sheer volume of the training data, and the computational demands to jointly condition on many input prompt tokens at once -- grow exponentially. Today, many models exceed 100B parameters, cannot be hosted locally and draw significant power. Thus, many efforts today seek alternate means by which to extend the range of Semantic consistency of these generation models.This thesis presents a method to address this problem by asking the following question: What if instead of attempting to model the long-range semantics directly, we identify the Semantic information for shorter prompts, and then stow away the Semantics as a representation beyond simple tokens. From here, these intermediate representations can be manipulated, aggregated and extended within an augmented representation space of lower complexity: a “Workspace”. The estimation of such a Workspace can be formulated as a State Space model: the intermediate representations of the Semantics constitute samples from an underlyi

How deep is the current diversity in the panoply of theories to define consciousness, and to what extent do these theories share common denominators? Here we first examine to what extent different theories are commensurable (or comparable) along particular dimensions. We posit logical (and, when applicable, empirical) commensurability as a necessary condition for identifying common denominators among different theories. By consequence, dimensions for inclusion in a set of logically and empirically commensurable theories of consciousness can be proposed. Next, we compare a limited subset of neuroscience-based theories in terms of commensurability. This analysis does not yield a denominator that might serve to define a minimally unifying model of consciousness. Theories that seem to be akin by one denominator can be remote by another. We suggest a methodology of comparing different theories via multiple probing questions, allowing to discern overall (dis)similarities between theories. Despite very different background definitions of consciousness, we conclude that, if attention is paid to the search for a common methological approach to brain-consciousness relationships, it should be possible in principle to overcome the current Babylonian confusion of tongues and eventually integrate and merge different theories.

How deep is the current diversity in the panoply of theories to define consciousness, and to what extent do these theories share common denominators? Here we first examine to what extent different theories are commensurable (or comparable) along particular dimensions. We posit logical (and, when applicable, empirical) commensurability as a necessary condition for identifying common denominators among different theories. By consequence, dimensions for inclusion in a set of logically and empirically commensurable theories of consciousness can be proposed. Next, we compare a limited subset of neuroscience-based theories in terms of commensurability. This analysis does not yield a denominator that might serve to define a minimally unifying model of consciousness. Theories that seem to be akin by one denominator can be remote by another. We suggest a methodology of comparing different theories via multiple probing questions, allowing to discern overall (dis)similarities between theories. Despite very different background definitions of consciousness, we conclude that, if attention is paid to the search for a common methological approach to brain-consciousness relationships, it should be possible in principle to overcome the current Babylonian confusion of tongues and eventually integrate and merge different theories.

Objective: Workplace accidents are unplanned and uncontrolled incidents that occur during work due to unsafe actions and unsafe conditions, leading to the interruption of work activities. This study aims to investigate the influence of behavior and workspace layout on workplace acidentes.   Method: This research employs a quantitative approach with a case-control study design. Questionnaires were distributed to 57 workers, comprising 19 cases of workplace accidents and 38 controls without workplace accidents at PT Maruki Internasional Indonesia. Collected data include gender, age, tenure, behavior, and workspace layout. The gathered data in Excel tables will be analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression analysis.   Result: The most common type of workplace accident is found among male workers (OR=4.065 [CI 95%: 0.462-35.752]; p=0.247). Unsafe work behavior (OR=18.417 [CI 95%: 3.656-92.779]; p=0.000) and workspace layout (OR=5.385 [CI 95%: 1.587-18.264]; p=0.010) are significant factors. Further logistic regression analysis reveals that variables influencing workplace accidents at PT Maruki Internasional Indonesia are work behavior and workspace layout Conclussion: Behavior and workspace layout are the most influential risk factors for workplace accidents, with unsafe work behavior being the most significant risk fator.   Implication of the research: This research can contribute to raising public awareness about the importance of workplace accident impacts and encourage people to be more cautious while working.

Individuals spend so many hours every day in their work spaces of different kinds. Different people have different needs in term of the quality of the space in which they are working. As a result it's important to provide a variety of spaces for people to be able to choose from and spend their work day in that space, or choose to transition in between spaces with different qualities during the day. This can positively affect employees' efficiency, productivity and even mental health. The main idea here is to design different spaces with different degrees of openness. These spaces start from being completely closed to completely open and just being defining by a single wall, roof or floor. And it also include every other degree of openness between these two states and having different combinations of walls, roofs and floors.

This study examines how a pleasent office can be designed to promote health, well-being and work efficiency. The study aims to provide office workers with an insight into their work situation and how it affects them. Also how companies, thru architectural- and design features can create a supportive office environment. The study adresses the following questions: "What qualitites in architecture and interior design are the most important for good health, well-being and work efficiency at an office?" and "Which office type is the most preferable according to the results of the study?". Based on the implemented theory, survey and interview, the study identifies the modern cell office with a permanent workplace as the most adventageous type. Additionally, the hybrid office with cell office influences combined with a permanent workplace is an advantageous type in relation to good health, well-being and work efficiency. An example of an office has been created where the highest grade possible is achieved. This from a rating template that is based on the results of the study. Designing an office is a complex task that requires fulfilment of various aspects to reach a good grade and therefore, a pleasant office.

This study examines how a pleasent office can be designed to promote health, well-being and work efficiency. The study aims to provide office workers with an insight into their work situation and how it affects them. Also how companies, thru architectural- and design features can create a supportive office environment. The study adresses the following questions: "What qualitites in architecture and interior design are the most important for good health, well-being and work efficiency at an office?" and "Which office type is the most preferable according to the results of the study?". Based on the implemented theory, survey and interview, the study identifies the modern cell office with a permanent workplace as the most adventageous type. Additionally, the hybrid office with cell office influences combined with a permanent workplace is an advantageous type in relation to good health, well-being and work efficiency. An example of an office has been created where the highest grade possible is achieved. This from a rating template that is based on the results of the study. Designing an office is a complex task that requires fulfilment of various aspects to reach a good grade and therefore, a pleasant office.

Developing a novel parallel mechanism design is a complex process, including multiple phases. Designing and analyzing the mechanism's physical prototype is one of the most important phases. The proposed mechanism is novel, with parallel kinematics with actuated translation joins. The considered mechanisms platform has three degrees of freedom (DOF) achieved with three independent kinematic chains representing the connection between the stationary base and the moving platform. The proposed mechanism has numerous connected linkages because of the parallel kinematic construction. The weakest parameter of the mechanisms with parallel kinematics compared to mechanisms with serial kinematics is the shape and size of the workspace. Because of this, the workspace is one of the main parameters in designing a mechanism with parallel kinematics. To achieve the optimal workspace, it is necessary to use the proper joints in the mechanism construction. The mechanism analysis and proper joint selection can be achieved in two ways. The first way is to build the virtual model and experiment on it, and the second is to build the physical prototype. The best way to select the proper joints for the mechanism construction is to compare the analysis results of virtual and physical mechanisms. If the results of comparing virtual and physical prototypes are the same, the physical prototype verifies the mechanism design.

Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Advanced Housing Design

As a result of society's heteronorm many homosexuals do not want to be open with their sexual orientation in the workplace. Healthcare in Sweden has been criticized as there is a general assumption among healthcare professionals that patients are heterosexual. As a result, homosexual patients have received inadequate treatment from healthcare staff. The purpose of the study is to research homosexual healthcare staff's perceptions of the organization's impact on inclusion based on sexual orientation. The purpose is also to study the healthcare staff's perception of being open with their sexual orientation towards work colleagues. How workplace norms affect the openness of homosexual healthcare staff regarding their sexual orientation to colleagues in the workplace is also researched. With the help of qualitative interviews with homosexual care staff, the purpose of the study can be answered. The heteronorm is not a new phenomenon and it still affects society today. However, society is not as heteronormative as before. Even though change has taken place, not all organizations work actively with inclusion based on sexual orientation in the workplace. Working with inclusion can be considered important as previous research shows that many homosexuals do not dare to be open with their sexual orientation in the workplace. The results of the study show that homosexual healthcare staff have different perceptions about being open with their sexual orientation towards work colleagues. There are occasions where the healthcare staff have experienced negative attitudes among colleagues towards homosexuality. But for the most part the healthcare staff have a positive perception of being open with their sexual orientation to work colleagues., Samhällets heteronorm leder till att många homosexuella personer inte vågar vara öppna med sin sexuella läggning på arbetsplatsen. Sjukvården i Sverige har fått kritik då det finns ett generellt antagande hos vårdpersonal att patienter är heterosexuella. Till följd av det har homosexuella patienter fått ett bristande bemötande av vårdpersonal. Studiens syfte är att studera homosexuell vårdpersonals uppfattning av organisationens inverkan på inkludering utifrån sexuell läggning. Syftet är även att studera vårdpersonals uppfattning om att vara öppen med sin sexuella läggning för kollegor samt hur arbetsplatsens normer påverkar homosexuell vårdpersonals öppenhet med sin sexuella läggning för kollegor. Med hjälp av kvalitativa intervjuer med homosexuell vårdpersonal kan studiens syfte besvaras. Heteronormen är inget nytt fenomen och påverkar fortfarande samhället idag. Dock är samhället inte lika heteronormativt som förr. Trots att förändringar har skett arbetar inte alla organisationer aktivt med inkludering utifrån sexuell läggning på arbetsplatser. Inkluderingsarbete kan anses viktigt då tidigare forskning visar att många homosexuella inte vågar vara öppna med sin sexuella läggning på arbetsplatsen. Studiens resultat visar att homosexuell vårdpersonal har olika uppfattningar om att vara öppen med sin sexuella läggning för kollegor. Det finns enstaka tillfällen då vårdpersonal upplevt negativa attityder från kollegor på grund av homosexualiteten. Men för det mesta har vårdpersonalen en positiv uppfattning om att vara öppen med sin sexuella läggning för kollegor.

If the future is headed towards further development of the urban environment with the economy being the driving force of this movement, then the study shall take advantage of the interior spaces of a corporate setting to initiate the adaptation of a new epoch suggesting an interconnected reality through the partnership between humans and greenery. The design will focus on coworking spaces in particular, since it allows for various types of individuals and communities from different backgrounds and industries to come together working in progress towards said development. By allowing each member to begin the practice of caring for and interacting with their own hydroponics system, one will be able to see the importance of cohabitating sustainably with the environment, with the larger project (and speculative) goal of revolutionizing societal order., Award-winning

L'estudi d'aquest treball se centra en l'evolució de l'espai de treball fins a arribar a l'actualitat, tenint en compte les necessitats i progressions de la societat., El estudio del trabajo se centra en la evolución del espacio de trabajo hasta llegar a la actualidad, teniendo en cuenta las necesidades de la sociedad., The study of this project focuses on the evolution of the workspace to the present day, taking into account the needs and progressions of human beings.

This paper presents modeling and analysis of a virtual machine prototype based on Lambda parallel kinematic mechanism with actuated translation joints. Kinematic modeling includes solving inverse kinematic and workspace analysis of the machine. Verification of inverse kinematic equations has been done analytically using MatLab software and a CAD/CAM system, and the workspace analysis is also done analytically using the polar coordinates.

As a result of society's heteronorm many homosexuals do not want to be open with their sexual orientation in the workplace. Healthcare in Sweden has been criticized as there is a general assumption among healthcare professionals that patients are heterosexual. As a result, homosexual patients have received inadequate treatment from healthcare staff. The purpose of the study is to research homosexual healthcare staff's perceptions of the organization's impact on inclusion based on sexual orientation. The purpose is also to study the healthcare staff's perception of being open with their sexual orientation towards work colleagues. How workplace norms affect the openness of homosexual healthcare staff regarding their sexual orientation to colleagues in the workplace is also researched. With the help of qualitative interviews with homosexual care staff, the purpose of the study can be answered. The heteronorm is not a new phenomenon and it still affects society today. However, society is not as heteronormative as before. Even though change has taken place, not all organizations work actively with inclusion based on sexual orientation in the workplace. Working with inclusion can be considered important as previous research shows that many homosexuals do not dare to be open with their sexual orientation in the workplace. The results of the study show that homosexual healthcare staff have different perceptions about being open with their sexual orientation towards work colleagues. There are occasions where the healthcare staff have experienced negative attitudes among colleagues towards homosexuality. But for the most part the healthcare staff have a positive perception of being open with their sexual orientation to work colleagues., Samhällets heteronorm leder till att många homosexuella personer inte vågar vara öppna med sin sexuella läggning på arbetsplatsen. Sjukvården i Sverige har fått kritik då det finns ett generellt antagande hos vårdpersonal att patienter är heterosexuella. Till följd av det har homosexuella patienter fått ett bristande bemötande av vårdpersonal. Studiens syfte är att studera homosexuell vårdpersonals uppfattning av organisationens inverkan på inkludering utifrån sexuell läggning. Syftet är även att studera vårdpersonals uppfattning om att vara öppen med sin sexuella läggning för kollegor samt hur arbetsplatsens normer påverkar homosexuell vårdpersonals öppenhet med sin sexuella läggning för kollegor. Med hjälp av kvalitativa intervjuer med homosexuell vårdpersonal kan studiens syfte besvaras. Heteronormen är inget nytt fenomen och påverkar fortfarande samhället idag. Dock är samhället inte lika heteronormativt som förr. Trots att förändringar har skett arbetar inte alla organisationer aktivt med inkludering utifrån sexuell läggning på arbetsplatser. Inkluderingsarbete kan anses viktigt då tidigare forskning visar att många homosexuella inte vågar vara öppna med sin sexuella läggning på arbetsplatsen. Studiens resultat visar att homosexuell vårdpersonal har olika uppfattningar om att vara öppen med sin sexuella läggning för kollegor. Det finns enstaka tillfällen då vårdpersonal upplevt negativa attityder från kollegor på grund av homosexualiteten. Men för det mesta har vårdpersonalen en positiv uppfattning om att vara öppen med sin sexuella läggning för kollegor.

Productivity can be increased by manipulators tracking the desired trajectory with some constraints. Humans as moving obstacles in a shared workspace are one of the most challenging problems for cable-driven parallel mechanisms (CDPMs) that are considered in this research. One of the essential primary issues in CDPM is collision avoidance among cables and humans in the shared workspace. This paper presents a model and simulation of a reconfigurable, fully constrained CDPM enabling detection and avoidance of cable–human collision. In this method, unlike conventional CDPMs where the attachment points are fixed, the attachment points on the rails can be moved (up and down on their rails), and then the geometric configuration is adapted. Karush–Kuhn–Tucker method is proposed, which focuses on estimating the shortest distance among moving obstacles (human limbs) and all cables. When cable and limbs are close to colliding, the new idea of reconfiguration is presented by moving the cable’s attachment point on the rail to increase the distance between the cables and human limbs while they are both moving. Also, the trajectory of the end effector remains unchanged. Some simulation results of reconfiguration theory as a new approach are shown for the eight-cable-driven parallel manipulator, including the workspace boundary variation. The proposed method could find a collision-free predefined path, according to the simulation results.

Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Advanced Housing Design

Co-working is an exemplary case for exploring the organisation and significance of work. Two main thrusts prompt co-working arrangements: the idea of exploiting information and communication technology (ICT) to share experiences and knowledge, and the idea of joining forces to survive economically. Drawing upon a scoping review, this qualitative paper argues that the role of ICT artefacts in studies on co-working takes a back seat. Invoking technology ‘in name only’ prevents research from connecting the social to the technological. We claim it is crucial to bring technology into the analysis to better understand how co-working ‘works’. We could do that by considering co-working as a ‘work-oriented infrastructure’ and recognising its dynamic complexity.

[ES] El objetivo del presente proyecto es el diseño de un espacio de estudio o trabajo a utilizar en el interior de viviendas. Esta zona de estudio o trabajo estaría constituido por un conjunto de muebles o elementos plegables y/o convertibles. Se pretende que en este espacio se integren los muebles o elementos necesarios para el estudio o trabajo ocupando la menor superficie posible de la vivienda. Se pretende llevar a cabo las fases de "Iniciación" y de "Diseño del producto y del proceso". En la fase de "Iniciación" se definirán los requisitos y restricciones de los diseños acordes al mercado, usos, usuario, procesos, materiales, normativa de seguridad y otros estudios específicos. Y en la fase de "diseño del producto y del proceso" se obtendrán soluciones viables especificando formas y dimensiones; así como la selección de materiales y consideración de los métodos de producción para cada uno de los elementos componentes de los diseños propuestos. Si el tiempo y la magnitud de trabajo lo permiten, se podrán realizar también las fases de "implementación" y de "operación": - En la fase de ¿implementación¿ se pretenden construir los prototipos aplicando los métodos y procesos que se realizan en la industria manufacturera de este tipo de productos. - Para la fase de ¿operación¿ se elaborará la documentación de soporte al producto como son el catálogo, vídeos de presentación y manual de instrucciones., [EN] The objective of this project is the design of a study or workspace to be used in the interior of dwellings. This study or work area would consist of a set of folding and/or convertible furniture or elements. It is intended to integrate in this space the furniture or elements necessary for the study or work occupying the smallest possible area of the house. It is intended to carry out the phases of "Initiation" and "Product and process design". In the "Initiation" phase, the requirements and restrictions of the designs will be defined according to the market, uses, user, processes, materials, safety regulations and other specific studies. And in the "product and process design" phase, viable solutions will be obtained by specifying shapes and dimensions; as well as the selection of materials and consideration of production methods for each of the component elements of the proposed designs. If time and magnitude of work permit, the "implementation" and "operation" phases may also be carried out: - In the "implementation" phase, it is intended to build the prototypes by applying the methods and processes that are carried out in the manufacturing industry for this type of product. - For the "operation" phase, the product support documentation such as the catalog, presentation videos and instruction manuals will be prepared.

[ES] El objetivo del presente proyecto es el diseño de un espacio de estudio o trabajo a utilizar en el interior de viviendas. Esta zona de estudio o trabajo estaría constituido por un conjunto de muebles o elementos plegables y/o convertibles. Se pretende que en este espacio se integren los muebles o elementos necesarios para el estudio o trabajo ocupando la menor superficie posible de la vivienda. Se pretende llevar a cabo las fases de "Iniciación" y de "Diseño del producto y del proceso". En la fase de "Iniciación" se definirán los requisitos y restricciones de los diseños acordes al mercado, usos, usuario, procesos, materiales, normativa de seguridad y otros estudios específicos. Y en la fase de "diseño del producto y del proceso" se obtendrán soluciones viables especificando formas y dimensiones; así como la selección de materiales y consideración de los métodos de producción para cada uno de los elementos componentes de los diseños propuestos. Si el tiempo y la magnitud de trabajo lo permiten, se podrán realizar también las fases de "implementación" y de "operación": - En la fase de ¿implementación¿ se pretenden construir los prototipos aplicando los métodos y procesos que se realizan en la industria manufacturera de este tipo de productos. - Para la fase de ¿operación¿ se elaborará la documentación de soporte al producto como son el catálogo, vídeos de presentación y manual de instrucciones., [EN] The objective of this project is the design of a study or workspace to be used in the interior of dwellings. This study or work area would consist of a set of folding and/or convertible furniture or elements. It is intended to integrate in this space the furniture or elements necessary for the study or work occupying the smallest possible area of the house. It is intended to carry out the phases of "Initiation" and "Product and process design". In the "Initiation" phase, the requirements and restrictions of the designs will be defined according to the market, uses, user, processes, materials, safety regulations and other specific studies. And in the "product and process design" phase, viable solutions will be obtained by specifying shapes and dimensions; as well as the selection of materials and consideration of production methods for each of the component elements of the proposed designs. If time and magnitude of work permit, the "implementation" and "operation" phases may also be carried out: - In the "implementation" phase, it is intended to build the prototypes by applying the methods and processes that are carried out in the manufacturing industry for this type of product. - For the "operation" phase, the product support documentation such as the catalog, presentation videos and instruction manuals will be prepared.

[ES] El objetivo del presente proyecto es el diseño de un espacio de estudio o trabajo a utilizar en el interior de viviendas. Esta zona de estudio o trabajo estaría constituido por un conjunto de muebles o elementos plegables y/o convertibles. Se pretende que en este espacio se integren los muebles o elementos necesarios para el estudio o trabajo ocupando la menor superficie posible de la vivienda. Se pretende llevar a cabo las fases de "Iniciación" y de "Diseño del producto y del proceso". En la fase de "Iniciación" se definirán los requisitos y restricciones de los diseños acordes al mercado, usos, usuario, procesos, materiales, normativa de seguridad y otros estudios específicos. Y en la fase de "diseño del producto y del proceso" se obtendrán soluciones viables especificando formas y dimensiones; así como la selección de materiales y consideración de los métodos de producción para cada uno de los elementos componentes de los diseños propuestos. Si el tiempo y la magnitud de trabajo lo permiten, se podrán realizar también las fases de "implementación" y de "operación": - En la fase de ¿implementación¿ se pretenden construir los prototipos aplicando los métodos y procesos que se realizan en la industria manufacturera de este tipo de productos. - Para la fase de ¿operación¿ se elaborará la documentación de soporte al producto como son el catálogo, vídeos de presentación y manual de instrucciones., [EN] The objective of this project is the design of a study or workspace to be used in the interior of dwellings. This study or work area would consist of a set of folding and/or convertible furniture or elements. It is intended to integrate in this space the furniture or elements necessary for the study or work occupying the smallest possible area of the house. It is intended to carry out the phases of "Initiation" and "Product and process design". In the "Initiation" phase, the requirements and restrictions of the designs will be defined according to the market, uses, user, processes, materials, safety regulations and other specific studies. And in the "product and process design" phase, viable solutions will be obtained by specifying shapes and dimensions; as well as the selection of materials and consideration of production methods for each of the component elements of the proposed designs. If time and magnitude of work permit, the "implementation" and "operation" phases may also be carried out: - In the "implementation" phase, it is intended to build the prototypes by applying the methods and processes that are carried out in the manufacturing industry for this type of product. - For the "operation" phase, the product support documentation such as the catalog, presentation videos and instruction manuals will be prepared.

[ES] El objetivo del presente proyecto es el diseño de un espacio de estudio o trabajo a utilizar en el interior de viviendas. Esta zona de estudio o trabajo estaría constituido por un conjunto de muebles o elementos plegables y/o convertibles. Se pretende que en este espacio se integren los muebles o elementos necesarios para el estudio o trabajo ocupando la menor superficie posible de la vivienda. Se pretende llevar a cabo las fases de "Iniciación" y de "Diseño del producto y del proceso". En la fase de "Iniciación" se definirán los requisitos y restricciones de los diseños acordes al mercado, usos, usuario, procesos, materiales, normativa de seguridad y otros estudios específicos. Y en la fase de "diseño del producto y del proceso" se obtendrán soluciones viables especificando formas y dimensiones; así como la selección de materiales y consideración de los métodos de producción para cada uno de los elementos componentes de los diseños propuestos. Si el tiempo y la magnitud de trabajo lo permiten, se podrán realizar también las fases de "implementación" y de "operación": - En la fase de ¿implementación¿ se pretenden construir los prototipos aplicando los métodos y procesos que se realizan en la industria manufacturera de este tipo de productos. - Para la fase de ¿operación¿ se elaborará la documentación de soporte al producto como son el catálogo, vídeos de presentación y manual de instrucciones., [EN] The objective of this project is the design of a study or workspace to be used in the interior of dwellings. This study or work area would consist of a set of folding and/or convertible furniture or elements. It is intended to integrate in this space the furniture or elements necessary for the study or work occupying the smallest possible area of the house. It is intended to carry out the phases of "Initiation" and "Product and process design". In the "Initiation" phase, the requirements and restrictions of the designs will be defined according to the market, uses, user, processes, materials, safety regulations and other specific studies. And in the "product and process design" phase, viable solutions will be obtained by specifying shapes and dimensions; as well as the selection of materials and consideration of production methods for each of the component elements of the proposed designs. If time and magnitude of work permit, the "implementation" and "operation" phases may also be carried out: - In the "implementation" phase, it is intended to build the prototypes by applying the methods and processes that are carried out in the manufacturing industry for this type of product. - For the "operation" phase, the product support documentation such as the catalog, presentation videos and instruction manuals will be prepared.

In the last few years, parallel manipulators are being increasingly studied and used for different applications. The performance of parallel manipulators is very sensitive to the geometric parameters, so it is essential to optimize them in order to obtain the desired function. We propose two optimization algorithms that consider the size and regularity of the workspace. The first one obtains the geometric parameters combination that results in the biggest and most regular workspace. The second method analyzes the geometric parameters combinations that result in an acceptable size of the workspace—even if it is not the biggest one—and finds out which ones result in the lowest power consumption. Even if the results vary depending on the application and trajectories studied, the proposed methodology can be followed to any type of parallel manipulator, application or trajectory. In this work we focus on the dimension optimization of the geometric parameters of the 2PRU-1PRS Multi-Axial Shaking Table (MAST) for automobile pieces testing purposes.

With the larger objective of improving energy efficiency, this research explores the effects of disclosure in the context of differing forms of commercial office workspace tenure. "Disclosure" refers to the sharing of energy performance information between commercial office workspace tenure stakeholders. The effects of disclosure are those anticipated by, and in addition to those anticipated by, economic Principal-Agent Theory. The quantitative empirical literature reviewed finds that disclosure ex-ante to leasing elicits sales premia, but rental premia of lesser or negligible value. Questioning whether this inconsistency is due to omitted variables, or to the absence of the principal-agent problems disclosure aims to mitigate, led to a review of a second body of literature. That literature measures principal-agent problems by comparing energy performance under contracts subject to a problem, with performance under contracts not subject to that problem.A gap is identified. The energy efficiency of any one workspace may be the effect of not just a single contract, bundled with or without energy, and of a single principal-agent problem, but the effect of multiple contracts, multiple problems, and the degree to which each has been mitigated by disclosure. Filling this gap is lent significance by the increasing prevalence of multi-contract, information-age, sharing-economy, commercial office tenure types such coworking. Through a “Bundling and Splitting Matrix” conceptual framework, hypotheses are derived as to the relative energy efficiency of different tenure types. A change at the data-source firm resulted in a dataset of insufficient size to confirm or reject the hypotheses. This, coupled with realising the advantages of having a primary data source, led to a change in research objective from measuring principal-agent problems and their mitigation by disclosure, under a post-positivist research paradigm, to exploring these problems and the possibility of their mitig

Often, the current housing stock does not address problems of social isolation at this moment in time. For example, dwellings are designed as interior spaces and the route towards the home is often an unpleasant and boring one. It is important for architects and designers to have positive impulses and guidelines to address these problems. To find these kind of guidelines, I started my graduation at the Explore Lab studio at the TU Delft with a research. Parallel to a literary study, I researched people, their social relations, space, objects and architecture through observational studies relating to social sciences (short-term ethnography, qualitative fieldwork inquiry, praxeology). I found patterns in elements relating to social relations which enabled the drafting of design principles. Through the design of a programmatic hybrid city building in Rotterdam, challenges of social isolation were explored and addressed across scales. Not only the space in and around the home, also the workspace in or outside the home is important to consider within this problematic. In the design proposal, social relations are considered in for example the route through the building, sightlines between spaces within the building, in the program, and in the didactics and details of the facade., Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences

A research article about the migration of workspaces and the shaping of its next migration where the position of digitalisation is re-evaluated as an active actor in its design instead of a decorative spatial fill-in.

In the last few years, parallel manipulators are being increasingly studied and used for different applications. The performance of parallel manipulators is very sensitive to the geometric parameters, so it is essential to optimize them in order to obtain the desired function. We propose two optimization algorithms that consider the size and regularity of the workspace. The first one obtains the geometric parameters combination that results in the biggest and most regular workspace. The second method analyzes the geometric parameters combinations that result in an acceptable size of the workspace—even if it is not the biggest one—and finds out which ones result in the lowest power consumption. Even if the results vary depending on the application and trajectories studied, the proposed methodology can be followed to any type of parallel manipulator, application or trajectory. In this work we focus on the dimension optimization of the geometric parameters of the 2PRU-1PRS Multi-Axial Shaking Table (MAST) for automobile pieces testing purposes.

The knowledge of the workspace for a robotic system on construction sites represents an essential resource to ensure the work progress, guarantee the safety of the construction tasks, and avoid robot damage. Despite the dramatic development of 3D printing technologies with robotic systems in recent years, these are still several challenges to consider, such as the size of the printing profile and obstacles in the construction site. This work presents the results from evaluating the workspace of a mobile manipulator in 3D printing tasks on construction sites. The methodology analyses the printing workspace based on the workspace of the mobile manipulator, considering fixed obstacles and possible collisions between the robot and obstacles during 3D printing tasks. The results showed that the shape of the printing profile defined as a building element changes the shape of the printing workspace. Furthermore, the obstacles in the construction site and height variation of the printing profile cause changes in the displacement of the robotic platform and values of rotation of its joints, which also modify the shape of the printing workspace.

The knowledge of the workspace for a robotic system on construction sites represents an essential resource to ensure the work progress, guarantee the safety of the construction tasks, and avoid robot damage. Despite the dramatic development of 3D printing technologies with robotic systems in recent years, these are still several challenges to consider, such as the size of the printing profile and obstacles in the construction site. This work presents the results from evaluating the workspace of a mobile manipulator in 3D printing tasks on construction sites. The methodology analyses the printing workspace based on the workspace of the mobile manipulator, considering fixed obstacles and possible collisions between the robot and obstacles during 3D printing tasks. The results showed that the shape of the printing profile defined as a building element changes the shape of the printing workspace. Furthermore, the obstacles in the construction site and height variation of the printing profile cause changes in the displacement of the robotic platform and values of rotation of its joints, which also modify the shape of the printing workspace.

En este polimedia se describe el workspace que blender suministra para shading, esto es, diseño de materiales

En este polimedia se describe el workspace que blender suministra para shading, esto es, diseño de materiales

The knowledge of the workspace for a robotic system on construction sites represents an essential resource to ensure the work progress, guarantee the safety of the construction tasks, and avoid robot damage. Despite the dramatic development of 3D printing technologies with robotic systems in recent years, these are still several challenges to consider, such as the size of the printing profile and obstacles in the construction site. This work presents the results from evaluating the workspace of a mobile manipulator in 3D printing tasks on construction sites. The methodology analyses the printing workspace based on the workspace of the mobile manipulator, considering fixed obstacles and possible collisions between the robot and obstacles during 3D printing tasks. The results showed that the shape of the printing profile defined as a building element changes the shape of the printing workspace. Furthermore, the obstacles in the construction site and height variation of the printing profile cause changes in the displacement of the robotic platform and values of rotation of its joints, which also modify the shape of the printing workspace.

The knowledge of the workspace for a robotic system on construction sites represents an essential resource to ensure the work progress, guarantee the safety of the construction tasks, and avoid robot damage. Despite the dramatic development of 3D printing technologies with robotic systems in recent years, these are still several challenges to consider, such as the size of the printing profile and obstacles in the construction site. This work presents the results from evaluating the workspace of a mobile manipulator in 3D printing tasks on construction sites. The methodology analyses the printing workspace based on the workspace of the mobile manipulator, considering fixed obstacles and possible collisions between the robot and obstacles during 3D printing tasks. The results showed that the shape of the printing profile defined as a building element changes the shape of the printing workspace. Furthermore, the obstacles in the construction site and height variation of the printing profile cause changes in the displacement of the robotic platform and values of rotation of its joints, which also modify the shape of the printing workspace.

The knowledge of the workspace for a robotic system on construction sites represents an essential resource to ensure the work progress, guarantee the safety of the construction tasks, and avoid robot damage. Despite the dramatic development of 3D printing technologies with robotic systems in recent years, these are still several challenges to consider, such as the size of the printing profile and obstacles in the construction site. This work presents the results from evaluating the workspace of a mobile manipulator in 3D printing tasks on construction sites. The methodology analyses the printing workspace based on the workspace of the mobile manipulator, considering fixed obstacles and possible collisions between the robot and obstacles during 3D printing tasks. The results showed that the shape of the printing profile defined as a building element changes the shape of the printing workspace. Furthermore, the obstacles in the construction site and height variation of the printing profile cause changes in the displacement of the robotic platform and values of rotation of its joints, which also modify the shape of the printing workspace.

U radu je prikazano konfigurisanje virtuelnog prototipa BiSCARA robota generisanog na osnovu kompletno razvijenog kinematičkog modela robota. Ovako razvijeni virtuelni CAD model će omogućiti njegovu implementaciju u Python grafičko okruženje kao integralnog dela sistema upravljanja otvorene arhitekture razvijenog na osnovu prikazanog kinematičkog modela. Razvijeni kinematički model je obuhvatio rešavanje inverznog i direktnog kinematičkog problema, određivanje Jakobijan matrice i analizu radnog prostora. Verifikacija kinematičkog modela, odnosno konfigurisanog virtuelnog prototipa robota, je izvršena simulacijama kretanja vrha end-efektora prema zadatom programu u CAD/CAM okruženju., The paper presents the configuring of a virtual prototype BiSCARA robot generated on the basis of a fully developed kinematic model of the robot. The virtual CAD model developed in this way will enable its implementation in the Python graphical environment as an integral part of the open architecture control system developed on the basis of the presented kinematic model. The developed kinematic model included solving the inverse and direct kinematic problem, determining the Jacobian matrix and workspace analysis. Verification of the kinematic model, i.e. the configured virtual prototype of the robot, was performed by simulations of the end-effector tip movement according to the given program in a CAD / CAM environment.

Machine tools with a parallel-serial (hybrid) kinematics structures represent a compromise solution that combines the advantages of traditional serial and parallel kinematic in the building of machine tools. By selecting a planar parallel mechanism with optimally designed components, the supporting structure of the machine tool is obtained with improved kinematic and dynamic characteristics in the desired direction with a satisfactory working space. Such solutions are suitable for modern, multifunctional machine tools. The paper describes the original parallel-serial 3-axis O-X mechanism developed for the purpose of building of multifunctional machine tools. The basic feature of the O-X mechanism is a dual kinematic structure that allows the formation of two different workspaces with different characteristics which can be adapted to different applications. The paper presents the first prototype of a machine, developed for the purpose of testing of characteristics with an open control system based on the LinuxCNC.

In the last few years, parallel manipulators are being increasingly studied and used for different applications. The performance of parallel manipulators is very sensitive to the geometric parameters, so it is essential to optimize them in order to obtain the desired function. We propose two optimization algorithms that consider the size and regularity of the workspace. The first one obtains the geometric parameters combination that results in the biggest and most regular workspace. The second method analyzes the geometric parameters combinations that result in an acceptable size of the workspace—even if it is not the biggest one—and finds out which ones result in the lowest power consumption. Even if the results vary depending on the application and trajectories studied, the proposed methodology can be followed to any type of parallel manipulator, application or trajectory. In this work we focus on the dimension optimization of the geometric parameters of the 2PRU-1PRS Multi-Axial Shaking Table (MAST) for automobile pieces testing purposes.

A research article about the migration of workspaces and the shaping of its next migration where the position of digitalisation is re-evaluated as an active actor in its design instead of a decorative spatial fill-in.

Often, the current housing stock does not address problems of social isolation at this moment in time. For example, dwellings are designed as interior spaces and the route towards the home is often an unpleasant and boring one. It is important for architects and designers to have positive impulses and guidelines to address these problems. To find these kind of guidelines, I started my graduation at the Explore Lab studio at the TU Delft with a research. Parallel to a literary study, I researched people, their social relations, space, objects and architecture through observational studies relating to social sciences (short-term ethnography, qualitative fieldwork inquiry, praxeology). I found patterns in elements relating to social relations which enabled the drafting of design principles. Through the design of a programmatic hybrid city building in Rotterdam, challenges of social isolation were explored and addressed across scales. Not only the space in and around the home, also the workspace in or outside the home is important to consider within this problematic. In the design proposal, social relations are considered in for example the route through the building, sightlines between spaces within the building, in the program, and in the didactics and details of the facade., Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences

In Spain, the COVID-19 confinement was carried out in the spring of 2020. All non-essential activities were temporarily suspended. This brought with it the adaptation to home office (telework), still emerging in Europe, and more in Spain. Although the response in general has been positive, the conditions to which families have been subjected to telework cannot be considered normal. In this context, an online survey was requested to find out the experience of confined households in relation to the dwelling adaptation and satisfaction following the new needs in lockdown. The data obtained on workspace perception and its adequacy were studied in Madrid, stratified by gender and average income, for a sample of 256 households with people teleworking or studying. The results showed that the adequacy of telework spaces were insufficient for a third of the households, with no significant relationship with most of socioeconomic variables, nor with home characteristics. The variables related to this inadequacy of the spaces were: the number of people who work or study at home; the lack of exclusive spaces for teleworking; and the availability of digital resources. This perception also depended on the qualities of the teleworking space, as size, furniture and lighting, among others.

En este polimedia se describe el workspace que blender suministra para shading, esto es, diseño de materiales

En este polimedia se describe el workspace que blender suministra para shading, esto es, diseño de materiales

[ES] The Flash es un edificio que pretende fomentar nuevos modos de trabajo y revitalizar un barrio en declive a través de un edificio singular, sirviendo de conexión entre dos partes relacionadas pero hasta ahora separadas de la ciudad, además de ayudar a salvar un accidente geográfico importante como es el Riu Sec. En un entorno laboral donde se busca brillar por encima de todos y avanzar rápido como un relámpago, se plantea este proyecto en un barrio hasta ahora olvidado como es Crèmor. Los dos volúmenes del conjunto se articulan buscando promover nuevas sinergias en las formas de trabajar tanto colectiva como individualmente. El edificio busca ser un altavoz de nuevas ideas, una lanzadera que sirva tanto para los usuarios como para mejorar el barrio y la ciudad. Se traslada a la parte más interior de la ciudad un uso propio de la universidad que hasta ahora quedaba al otro lado del barranco, consiguiendo así un tránsito de personas que colonizan el lugar y revitalizan el barrio., [EN] The Flash¿s purpose is to promote new working methods while revitalising a declining area through a singular building, working as a connection between two related but previously separated parts of the city, as well as helping to solve a geographic landmark such as the Riu Sec. In a working atmosphere where standing out and moving as fast as a lighting is pursued, this project is presented as a solution in a forgotten neighbourhood as Crèmor. The two volumes of the complex are articulated due to promote new synergies on the ways of working, both collectively and individually. The building becomes a speaker for new ideas, a start-up that is useful not only for the users, but also for the area and the city. The university becomes a part of the inner city, finishing with its geographic exclusion, gaining a new flow of people that will colonise the place and revitalise the district.

[ES] The Flash es un edificio que pretende fomentar nuevos modos de trabajo y revitalizar un barrio en declive a través de un edificio singular, sirviendo de conexión entre dos partes relacionadas pero hasta ahora separadas de la ciudad, además de ayudar a salvar un accidente geográfico importante como es el Riu Sec. En un entorno laboral donde se busca brillar por encima de todos y avanzar rápido como un relámpago, se plantea este proyecto en un barrio hasta ahora olvidado como es Crèmor. Los dos volúmenes del conjunto se articulan buscando promover nuevas sinergias en las formas de trabajar tanto colectiva como individualmente. El edificio busca ser un altavoz de nuevas ideas, una lanzadera que sirva tanto para los usuarios como para mejorar el barrio y la ciudad. Se traslada a la parte más interior de la ciudad un uso propio de la universidad que hasta ahora quedaba al otro lado del barranco, consiguiendo así un tránsito de personas que colonizan el lugar y revitalizan el barrio., [EN] The Flash¿s purpose is to promote new working methods while revitalising a declining area through a singular building, working as a connection between two related but previously separated parts of the city, as well as helping to solve a geographic landmark such as the Riu Sec. In a working atmosphere where standing out and moving as fast as a lighting is pursued, this project is presented as a solution in a forgotten neighbourhood as Crèmor. The two volumes of the complex are articulated due to promote new synergies on the ways of working, both collectively and individually. The building becomes a speaker for new ideas, a start-up that is useful not only for the users, but also for the area and the city. The university becomes a part of the inner city, finishing with its geographic exclusion, gaining a new flow of people that will colonise the place and revitalise the district.

[ES] The Flash es un edificio que pretende fomentar nuevos modos de trabajo y revitalizar un barrio en declive a través de un edificio singular, sirviendo de conexión entre dos partes relacionadas pero hasta ahora separadas de la ciudad, además de ayudar a salvar un accidente geográfico importante como es el Riu Sec. En un entorno laboral donde se busca brillar por encima de todos y avanzar rápido como un relámpago, se plantea este proyecto en un barrio hasta ahora olvidado como es Crèmor. Los dos volúmenes del conjunto se articulan buscando promover nuevas sinergias en las formas de trabajar tanto colectiva como individualmente. El edificio busca ser un altavoz de nuevas ideas, una lanzadera que sirva tanto para los usuarios como para mejorar el barrio y la ciudad. Se traslada a la parte más interior de la ciudad un uso propio de la universidad que hasta ahora quedaba al otro lado del barranco, consiguiendo así un tránsito de personas que colonizan el lugar y revitalizan el barrio., [EN] The Flash¿s purpose is to promote new working methods while revitalising a declining area through a singular building, working as a connection between two related but previously separated parts of the city, as well as helping to solve a geographic landmark such as the Riu Sec. In a working atmosphere where standing out and moving as fast as a lighting is pursued, this project is presented as a solution in a forgotten neighbourhood as Crèmor. The two volumes of the complex are articulated due to promote new synergies on the ways of working, both collectively and individually. The building becomes a speaker for new ideas, a start-up that is useful not only for the users, but also for the area and the city. The university becomes a part of the inner city, finishing with its geographic exclusion, gaining a new flow of people that will colonise the place and revitalise the district.

[ES] The Flash es un edificio que pretende fomentar nuevos modos de trabajo y revitalizar un barrio en declive a través de un edificio singular, sirviendo de conexión entre dos partes relacionadas pero hasta ahora separadas de la ciudad, además de ayudar a salvar un accidente geográfico importante como es el Riu Sec. En un entorno laboral donde se busca brillar por encima de todos y avanzar rápido como un relámpago, se plantea este proyecto en un barrio hasta ahora olvidado como es Crèmor. Los dos volúmenes del conjunto se articulan buscando promover nuevas sinergias en las formas de trabajar tanto colectiva como individualmente. El edificio busca ser un altavoz de nuevas ideas, una lanzadera que sirva tanto para los usuarios como para mejorar el barrio y la ciudad. Se traslada a la parte más interior de la ciudad un uso propio de la universidad que hasta ahora quedaba al otro lado del barranco, consiguiendo así un tránsito de personas que colonizan el lugar y revitalizan el barrio., [EN] The Flash¿s purpose is to promote new working methods while revitalising a declining area through a singular building, working as a connection between two related but previously separated parts of the city, as well as helping to solve a geographic landmark such as the Riu Sec. In a working atmosphere where standing out and moving as fast as a lighting is pursued, this project is presented as a solution in a forgotten neighbourhood as Crèmor. The two volumes of the complex are articulated due to promote new synergies on the ways of working, both collectively and individually. The building becomes a speaker for new ideas, a start-up that is useful not only for the users, but also for the area and the city. The university becomes a part of the inner city, finishing with its geographic exclusion, gaining a new flow of people that will colonise the place and revitalise the district.