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Sentiment analysis has demonstrated its value in a range of high-stakes domains. From financial markets to supply chain management, logistics, and technology legitimacy assessment, sentiment analysis offers insights into public sentiment, actionable data, and improved decision forecasting. This study contributes to this growing body of research by offering a novel multi-view deep learning approach to sentiment analysis that incorporates non-textual features like emojis. The proposed approach considers both textual and emoji views as distinct views of emotional information for the sentiment classification model, and the results acknowledge their individual and combined contributions to sentiment analysis. Comparative analysis with baseline classifiers reveals that incorporating emoji features significantly enriches sentiment analysis, enhancing the accuracy, F1-score, and execution time of the proposed model. Additionally, this study employs LIME for explainable sentiment analysis to provide insights into the model's decision-making process, enabling high-stakes businesses to understand the factors driving customer sentiment. The present study contributes to the literature on multi-view text classification in the context of social media and provides an innovative analytics method for businesses to extract valuable emotional information from electronic word of mouth (eWOM), which can help them stay ahead of the competition in a rapidly evolving digital landscape. In addition, the findings of this paper have important implications for policy development in digital communication and social media monitoring. Recognizing the importance of emojis in sentiment expression can inform policies by helping them better understand public sentiment and tailor policy solutions that better address the concerns of the public.

Sentiment analysis has demonstrated its value in a range of high-stakes domains. From financial markets to supply chain management, logistics, and technology legitimacy assessment, sentiment analysis offers insights into public sentiment, actionable data, and improved decision forecasting. This study contributes to this growing body of research by offering a novel multi-view deep learning approach to sentiment analysis that incorporates non-textual features like emojis. The proposed approach considers both textual and emoji views as distinct views of emotional information for the sentiment classification model, and the results acknowledge their individual and combined contributions to sentiment analysis. Comparative analysis with baseline classifiers reveals that incorporating emoji features significantly enriches sentiment analysis, enhancing the accuracy, F1-score, and execution time of the proposed model. Additionally, this study employs LIME for explainable sentiment analysis to provide insights into the model's decision-making process, enabling high-stakes businesses to understand the factors driving customer sentiment. The present study contributes to the literature on multi-view text classification in the context of social media and provides an innovative analytics method for businesses to extract valuable emotional information from electronic word of mouth (eWOM), which can help them stay ahead of the competition in a rapidly evolving digital landscape. In addition, the findings of this paper have important implications for policy development in digital communication and social media monitoring. Recognizing the importance of emojis in sentiment expression can inform policies by helping them better understand public sentiment and tailor policy solutions that better address the concerns of the public.

The authors adopt the resource-based view (RBV) and information processing theory to discover the problems that impact the capital structure of financial institutions in the UK. Five firm-level explanatory variables (profitability, size, tangibility, age, and growth) were selected. The relevant capital structure measure was then regressed against the dependent variable leverage (debt-to-equity ratio). Consequently, correlation and multivariate regressions are applied to firm financial data from the selected financial institutions during the fiscal years 2011–2022. The primary conclusions of the study indicate that important information resources management variables for financial institutions in the UK are profitability and size. While the two other factors, profitability and growth, exhibit negative associations with capital structure, the remaining four variables, tangibility, size, age, and profitability, did not. The study reveals that optimal determinants of information resources management enhance financial performance in the case of top UK banks.

The authors adopt the resource-based view (RBV) and information processing theory to discover the problems that impact the capital structure of financial institutions in the UK. Five firm-level explanatory variables (profitability, size, tangibility, age, and growth) were selected. The relevant capital structure measure was then regressed against the dependent variable leverage (debt-to-equity ratio). Consequently, correlation and multivariate regressions are applied to firm financial data from the selected financial institutions during the fiscal years 2011–2022. The primary conclusions of the study indicate that important information resources management variables for financial institutions in the UK are profitability and size. While the two other factors, profitability and growth, exhibit negative associations with capital structure, the remaining four variables, tangibility, size, age, and profitability, did not. The study reveals that optimal determinants of information resources management enhance financial performance in the case of top UK banks.

Traffic flow detection plays a significant part in freeway traffic surveillance systems. Currently, effective autonomous traffic analysis is a challenging task due to the complexity of traffic delays, despite the significant investment spent by authorities in monitoring and analysing traffic congestion. This study builds an intelligent analytic method based on machine‐learning algorithms to investigate and predict road traffic flows in four locations in the United Kingdom (London, Yorkshire and the Humber, North East, and North West) with a range of relevant factors. While aiming to conduct the study, the dataset ‘estimated annual average daily flows (AADFs) Data—major and minor roads’ from the UK government was used. Machine‐learning algorithms are used for this research and classification applied consists of Logistic Regression, Decision Trees, Random Forests, K‐Nearest Neighbors, and Gradient Boosting. Each of these algorithms achieves an accuracy of over 93% and the F1 score of over 95%, with Random Forest outperforming the other algorithms. This analytical approach helps to focus attention on critical areas to reduce traffic flows on major and minor roads in the area. In summary, the findings on traffic analysis have been discussed in detail to demonstrate the practical insights of this study.

Scientists are developing hand gesture recognition systems to improve authentic, efficient, and effortless human–computer interactions without additional gadgets, particularly for the speech-impaired community, which relies on hand gestures as their only mode of communication. Unfortunately, the speech-impaired community has been underrepresented in the majority of human–computer interaction research, such as natural language processing and other automation fields, which makes it more difficult for them to interact with systems and people through these advanced systems. This system’s algorithm is in two phases. The first step is the Region of Interest Segmentation, based on the color space segmentation technique, with a pre-set color range that will remove pixels (hand) of the region of interest from the background (pixels not in the desired area of interest). The system’s second phase is inputting the segmented images into a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model for image categorization. For image training, we utilized the Python Keras package. The system proved the need for image segmentation in hand gesture recognition. The performance of the optimal model is 58 percent which is about 10 percent higher than the accuracy obtained without image segmentation.

The paper discusses cybersecurity for children (particularly teenagers) and focuses on Social Media’s impact using a theoretical approach. Many social media users are unaware of their Cybersecurity in Social Media and all-round digital privacy and do not understand the importance of developing privacythrough taking both digital and physical measures. We identify seven categories of hacking motivations through multimedia platforms: Emotions, Financial gains, Entertainment, Proficiency for jobs, Hacktivism, Espionage, and Cyber-warfare, particularly for children. As vulnerable people, they can be the principal victims. We explore various methods used for hacking, such as Sexting, Facebook depression, and Influence on buying advertisements. In our findings, we demonstrate that the most critical protection method is to fully understand the digital footprint left behind and its possible consequences. The users should know this as a self-protection mechanism to mitigate security issues before problems occur. It means adopting the same mindset and attitude of protecting oneself in the online world as in the real world.

The advancement in technology has fostered the prevalence of the Internet of Things (IoT), which enhances healthcare business quality, offers a seamless customer experience, and maximizes turnovers and profits. Consequently, omnichannel services have emerged by integrating online and offline channels and providing customers with more real-time information and services to increase their engagement. Healthcare wearable devices appear as a salient tool to connect healthcare providers and patients and thus become an essential part of the omnichannel environment. Along with this trend, the ethical concerns while using these devices have increasingly intensified and are significant barriers to market expansion. Nevertheless, there is a lack of studies discussing the role of wearables in omnichannel hospital supply chain management and examining the influence of those above concerns on healthcare wearables adoption. Therefore, this study explores these gaps through an integrated approach. Furthermore, we proposed a framework integrating the traditional statistical and machine learning-based approach to analyze a large amount of data; and thereby facilitate a data-driven analytic model to manage omnichannel healthcare supply chain businesses.

Traffic flow detection plays a significant part in freeway traffic surveillance systems. Currently, effective autonomous traffic analysis is a challenging task due to the complexity of traffic delays, despite the significant investment spent by authorities in monitoring and analysing traffic congestion. This study builds an intelligent analytic method based on machine‐learning algorithms to investigate and predict road traffic flows in four locations in the United Kingdom (London, Yorkshire and the Humber, North East, and North West) with a range of relevant factors. While aiming to conduct the study, the dataset ‘estimated annual average daily flows (AADFs) Data—major and minor roads’ from the UK government was used. Machine‐learning algorithms are used for this research and classification applied consists of Logistic Regression, Decision Trees, Random Forests, K‐Nearest Neighbors, and Gradient Boosting. Each of these algorithms achieves an accuracy of over 93% and the F1 score of over 95%, with Random Forest outperforming the other algorithms. This analytical approach helps to focus attention on critical areas to reduce traffic flows on major and minor roads in the area. In summary, the findings on traffic analysis have been discussed in detail to demonstrate the practical insights of this study.

Scientists are developing hand gesture recognition systems to improve authentic, efficient, and effortless human–computer interactions without additional gadgets, particularly for the speech-impaired community, which relies on hand gestures as their only mode of communication. Unfortunately, the speech-impaired community has been underrepresented in the majority of human–computer interaction research, such as natural language processing and other automation fields, which makes it more difficult for them to interact with systems and people through these advanced systems. This system’s algorithm is in two phases. The first step is the Region of Interest Segmentation, based on the color space segmentation technique, with a pre-set color range that will remove pixels (hand) of the region of interest from the background (pixels not in the desired area of interest). The system’s second phase is inputting the segmented images into a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model for image categorization. For image training, we utilized the Python Keras package. The system proved the need for image segmentation in hand gesture recognition. The performance of the optimal model is 58 percent which is about 10 percent higher than the accuracy obtained without image segmentation.

The paper discusses cybersecurity for children (particularly teenagers) and focuses on Social Media’s impact using a theoretical approach. Many social media users are unaware of their Cybersecurity in Social Media and all-round digital privacy and do not understand the importance of developing privacythrough taking both digital and physical measures. We identify seven categories of hacking motivations through multimedia platforms: Emotions, Financial gains, Entertainment, Proficiency for jobs, Hacktivism, Espionage, and Cyber-warfare, particularly for children. As vulnerable people, they can be the principal victims. We explore various methods used for hacking, such as Sexting, Facebook depression, and Influence on buying advertisements. In our findings, we demonstrate that the most critical protection method is to fully understand the digital footprint left behind and its possible consequences. The users should know this as a self-protection mechanism to mitigate security issues before problems occur. It means adopting the same mindset and attitude of protecting oneself in the online world as in the real world.

The advancement in technology has fostered the prevalence of the Internet of Things (IoT), which enhances healthcare business quality, offers a seamless customer experience, and maximizes turnovers and profits. Consequently, omnichannel services have emerged by integrating online and offline channels and providing customers with more real-time information and services to increase their engagement. Healthcare wearable devices appear as a salient tool to connect healthcare providers and patients and thus become an essential part of the omnichannel environment. Along with this trend, the ethical concerns while using these devices have increasingly intensified and are significant barriers to market expansion. Nevertheless, there is a lack of studies discussing the role of wearables in omnichannel hospital supply chain management and examining the influence of those above concerns on healthcare wearables adoption. Therefore, this study explores these gaps through an integrated approach. Furthermore, we proposed a framework integrating the traditional statistical and machine learning-based approach to analyze a large amount of data; and thereby facilitate a data-driven analytic model to manage omnichannel healthcare supply chain businesses.

This paper proposes that high value on the work-life balance, compensation, career opportunity and fitness of culture and management style would improve job satisfaction. A turnover risk prediction model based on the random forest is constructed to understand the turnover risk feature and identify risk. Using a sample of 17,724 online reviews of employees from Glassdoor, the positive effect of antecedents, the job satisfaction variable as a mediator, and the unemployment rate variable as a moderator is verified. Finally, job satisfaction is identified as the most important feature for predicting turnover based on the random forest algorithm.

'Hearables' have become important in the aging population. This study investigates whether smart technologies help middle-aged and elderly people accept hearing aid devices in smart cities of China. The authors adopt the PLS-SEM framework to analyze the factors that affect behavioral intention towards adopting hearing aids in smart cities. In order to avoid common method bias, Harman's single factor method is also carried out to make sure the instrument does not introduce a bias. The findings suggest that perceived playfulness and perceived usefulness are principal determinants of hearing aids adoption. In contrast, perceived ease of use, a factor always stressed in literature, does not matter significantly. The results reveal that smart technologies enable patients to access professional services and instructions playfully, which reduces obstacles to adopt hearing aids. This study provides novel insights for policymakers and manufacturers to expand hearing aid adoption by facilitating smart infrastructure and technologies.

The survival rate of breast cancer prediction has been a significant issue for researchers. Nowadays, the health care industry has completely transformed by using modern technologies and their applications for medical services. Among those technologies, machine learning is one of them, which has gained attention by people that its new advanced technology would give accurate results by using modeling methods for prediction. As this is a branch of artificial intelligence, it employs various statics, probabilistic and optimistic tools. This is applied to medical services, especially which are based on proteomic and genomic measurements. The aim is to use the dataset of cancer treatment and predict the results of patients by using machine learning with its modeling methods for accurate results. Recently experts have even used this machine learning in cancer for prognosis and forecasting.

The rapid advancement of internet technologies has dramatically increased the number of connected devices. This has created a huge attack surface that requires the deployment of effective and practical countermeasures to protect network infrastructures from the harm that cyber-attacks can cause. Hence, there is an absolute need to differentiate boundaries in personal information and cloud and fog computing globally and the adoption of specific information security policies and regulations. The goal of the security policy and framework for cloud and fog computing is to protect the end-users and their information, reduce task-based operations, aid in compliance, and create standards for expected user actions, all of which are based on the use of established rules for cloud computing. Moreover, intrusion detection systems are widely adopted solutions to monitor and analyze network traffic and detect anomalies that can help identify ongoing adversarial activities, trigger alerts, and automatically block traffic from hostile sources. This survey paper analyzes factors, including the application of technologies and techniques, which can enable the deployment of security policy on fog and cloud computing successfully. The paper focuses on a Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) and intrusion detection, which provides an effective and resilient system structure for users and organizations. Our survey aims to provide a framework for a cloud and fog computing security policy, while addressing the required security tools, policies, and services, particularly for cloud and fog environments for organizational adoption. While developing the essential linkage between requirements, legal aspects, analyzing techniques and systems to reduce intrusion detection, we recommend the strategies for cloud and fog computing security policies. The paper develops structured guidelines for ways in which organizations can adopt and audit the security of their systems as security is an essential component

The COVID-19 pandemic has been the most devastating public health crisis in the recent decade and vaccination is anticipated as the means to terminate the pandemic. People's views and feelings over COVID-19 vaccines determine the success of vaccination. This study was set to investigate sentiments and common topics about COVID-19 vaccines by machine learning sentiment and topic analyses with natural language processing on massive tweets data. Findings revealed that concern on COVID-19 vaccine grew alongside the introduction and start of vaccination programs. Overall positive sentiments and emotions were greater than negative ones. Common topics include vaccine development for progression, effectiveness, safety, availability, sharing of vaccines received, and updates on pandemics and government policies. Outcomes suggested the current atmosphere and its focus over the COVID-19 vaccine issue for the public health sector and policymakers for better decision-making. Evaluations on analytical methods were performed additionally.

This paper proposes an e-diagnosis system based on machine learning (ML) algorithms to be implemented on the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) environment, particularly for diagnosing diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes). However, the ML applications tend to be mistrusted because of their inability to show the internal decision-making process, resulting in slow uptake by end-users within certain healthcare sectors. This research delineates the use of three interpretable supervised ML models: Naïve Bayes classifier, random forest classifier, and J48 decision tree models to be trained and tested using the Pima Indians diabetes dataset in R programming language. The performance of each algorithm is analyzed to determine the one with the best accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity. An assessment of the decision process is also made to improve the model. It can be concluded that a Naïve Bayes model works well with a more fine-tuned selection of features for binary classification, while random forest works better with more features.

'Hearables' have become important in the aging population. This study investigates whether smart technologies help middle-aged and elderly people accept hearing aid devices in smart cities of China. The authors adopt the PLS-SEM framework to analyze the factors that affect behavioral intention towards adopting hearing aids in smart cities. In order to avoid common method bias, Harman's single factor method is also carried out to make sure the instrument does not introduce a bias. The findings suggest that perceived playfulness and perceived usefulness are principal determinants of hearing aids adoption. In contrast, perceived ease of use, a factor always stressed in literature, does not matter significantly. The results reveal that smart technologies enable patients to access professional services and instructions playfully, which reduces obstacles to adopt hearing aids. This study provides novel insights for policymakers and manufacturers to expand hearing aid adoption by facilitating smart infrastructure and technologies.

This paper proposes that high value on the work-life balance, compensation, career opportunity and fitness of culture and management style would improve job satisfaction. A turnover risk prediction model based on the random forest is constructed to understand the turnover risk feature and identify risk. Using a sample of 17,724 online reviews of employees from Glassdoor, the positive effect of antecedents, the job satisfaction variable as a mediator, and the unemployment rate variable as a moderator is verified. Finally, job satisfaction is identified as the most important feature for predicting turnover based on the random forest algorithm.

The survival rate of breast cancer prediction has been a significant issue for researchers. Nowadays, the health care industry has completely transformed by using modern technologies and their applications for medical services. Among those technologies, machine learning is one of them, which has gained attention by people that its new advanced technology would give accurate results by using modeling methods for prediction. As this is a branch of artificial intelligence, it employs various statics, probabilistic and optimistic tools. This is applied to medical services, especially which are based on proteomic and genomic measurements. The aim is to use the dataset of cancer treatment and predict the results of patients by using machine learning with its modeling methods for accurate results. Recently experts have even used this machine learning in cancer for prognosis and forecasting.

The COVID-19 pandemic has been the most devastating public health crisis in the recent decade and vaccination is anticipated as the means to terminate the pandemic. People's views and feelings over COVID-19 vaccines determine the success of vaccination. This study was set to investigate sentiments and common topics about COVID-19 vaccines by machine learning sentiment and topic analyses with natural language processing on massive tweets data. Findings revealed that concern on COVID-19 vaccine grew alongside the introduction and start of vaccination programs. Overall positive sentiments and emotions were greater than negative ones. Common topics include vaccine development for progression, effectiveness, safety, availability, sharing of vaccines received, and updates on pandemics and government policies. Outcomes suggested the current atmosphere and its focus over the COVID-19 vaccine issue for the public health sector and policymakers for better decision-making. Evaluations on analytical methods were performed additionally.

The rapid advancement of internet technologies has dramatically increased the number of connected devices. This has created a huge attack surface that requires the deployment of effective and practical countermeasures to protect network infrastructures from the harm that cyber-attacks can cause. Hence, there is an absolute need to differentiate boundaries in personal information and cloud and fog computing globally and the adoption of specific information security policies and regulations. The goal of the security policy and framework for cloud and fog computing is to protect the end-users and their information, reduce task-based operations, aid in compliance, and create standards for expected user actions, all of which are based on the use of established rules for cloud computing. Moreover, intrusion detection systems are widely adopted solutions to monitor and analyze network traffic and detect anomalies that can help identify ongoing adversarial activities, trigger alerts, and automatically block traffic from hostile sources. This survey paper analyzes factors, including the application of technologies and techniques, which can enable the deployment of security policy on fog and cloud computing successfully. The paper focuses on a Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) and intrusion detection, which provides an effective and resilient system structure for users and organizations. Our survey aims to provide a framework for a cloud and fog computing security policy, while addressing the required security tools, policies, and services, particularly for cloud and fog environments for organizational adoption. While developing the essential linkage between requirements, legal aspects, analyzing techniques and systems to reduce intrusion detection, we recommend the strategies for cloud and fog computing security policies. The paper develops structured guidelines for ways in which organizations can adopt and audit the security of their systems as security is an essential component

This paper proposes an e-diagnosis system based on machine learning (ML) algorithms to be implemented on the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) environment, particularly for diagnosing diabetes mellitus (type 2 diabetes). However, the ML applications tend to be mistrusted because of their inability to show the internal decision-making process, resulting in slow uptake by end-users within certain healthcare sectors. This research delineates the use of three interpretable supervised ML models: Naïve Bayes classifier, random forest classifier, and J48 decision tree models to be trained and tested using the Pima Indians diabetes dataset in R programming language. The performance of each algorithm is analyzed to determine the one with the best accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity. An assessment of the decision process is also made to improve the model. It can be concluded that a Naïve Bayes model works well with a more fine-tuned selection of features for binary classification, while random forest works better with more features.

This paper presents the role of global Industry 4.0 technology management in the growth of the wind turbine industry. The article begins with a brief overview of the Industry 4.0 wind turbine industry development, focusing on factors shaping this development. The legal policies are identified as one of the significant factors, especially in PR China and Germany. A detailed secondary data analysis of the country-specific systems is presented, followed by the analysis of patents and companies in both countries to understand better how the development, management and transfer of technology affected the different factors and the global patterns. An effective approach of acquiring technology for local enterprises as well as market development entry mode for the foreign technology holding companies are both identified. Accessing technology through licensing, entering joint ventures, or acquiring knowledge-intensive companies can be identified as common and often successful industry approaches. To develop, obtain, or maintain competitive advantages in the wind turbine industry, we suggest that the governments issue relevant legislation and regulations to support the upgrading of the industry, and the enterprises can access and manage the technology through the approaches mentioned above.

Existing literature in group-decision making proposed various rules of aggregating individuals’ opinions to group outcomes.With anonymity maintained, this paper can model round-robin assessments by a group with individuals updating their assessments every round in a Bayesian manner as per Bordley (1983, 1986, 2009). Utilizing the properties of the finite Markov Chain process, the analysis shows (a) the conditions for a group consensus to converge, (b) the maximum number of rounds before such convergence occurs, and (c) the consensus assessment. The resulting dynamic model is tested to show that it also captures the results of several empirical studies. We apply them to the negotiationfor the transboundary dispute and our simulations demonstrate the convergence of three different cases of lower possibilities, which support transboundary cases and resolutions. We also develop algorithms based on Fuzzy Delphi (Murray et al. 1985, Ishikawa et al. 1993) and Grey Delphi Methods (Ma et al., 2011) to predict the probability and likely outcomes of the transboundary dispute between China and India, which is one of the cases with low probability. Upon 1,000 simulations under volatile international relations, the development of theconvergence demonstrates the integrated Delphi Method is more suitable for predicting volatile situations.

With the rapid development of smart devices, big data and the Internet of Things, the concept of “smart city” has been raised and developed. Over the past decade, the concept of smart medical has received extensive attention. Currently, some simple smart medical technologies have begun to be applied, such as online appointment registration, electronic medical records, etc. This report aims to introduce the vision of “smart medical.” Based on the analytics of this study, some potential ethical problems are discovered, including privacy problems, data ownership problems, security and liability problems, and unemployment problems.

Both Internet of Things (IoT) and big data are hot topics in recent years. They indeed have brought about the change of business, promoted the progress of science and technology, and facilitated the lives of human beings. IoT creates the opportunity to connect every item to the Internet, and countless science and technology have supported the achievement of this goal. LBS is one of the indispensable technologies. It brings significant benefits to the business community, the individual, the society, and the national defense. However, at the same time, an individual’s personal information is disclosed and even attacked by ‘information thieves’. An inevitable reality is that the prerequisite of getting a location service is to expose your position first. Therefore, the privacy-related ethics issues are generated, and the danger is imminent, although there are corresponding protective measures.

Both Internet of Things (IoT) and big data are hot topics in recent years. They indeed have brought about the change of business, promoted the progress of science and technology, and facilitated the lives of human beings. IoT creates the opportunity to connect every item to the Internet, and countless science and technology have supported the achievement of this goal. LBS is one of the indispensable technologies. It brings significant benefits to the business community, the individual, the society, and the national defense. However, at the same time, an individual’s personal information is disclosed and even attacked by ‘information thieves’. An inevitable reality is that the prerequisite of getting a location service is to expose your position first. Therefore, the privacy-related ethics issues are generated, and the danger is imminent, although there are corresponding protective measures.

With the rapid development of smart devices, big data and the Internet of Things, the concept of “smart city” has been raised and developed. Over the past decade, the concept of smart medical has received extensive attention. Currently, some simple smart medical technologies have begun to be applied, such as online appointment registration, electronic medical records, etc. This report aims to introduce the vision of “smart medical.” Based on the analytics of this study, some potential ethical problems are discovered, including privacy problems, data ownership problems, security and liability problems, and unemployment problems.

Existing literature in group-decision making proposed various rules of aggregating individuals’ opinions to group outcomes.With anonymity maintained, this paper can model round-robin assessments by a group with individuals updating their assessments every round in a Bayesian manner as per Bordley (1983, 1986, 2009). Utilizing the properties of the finite Markov Chain process, the analysis shows (a) the conditions for a group consensus to converge, (b) the maximum number of rounds before such convergence occurs, and (c) the consensus assessment. The resulting dynamic model is tested to show that it also captures the results of several empirical studies. We apply them to the negotiationfor the transboundary dispute and our simulations demonstrate the convergence of three different cases of lower possibilities, which support transboundary cases and resolutions. We also develop algorithms based on Fuzzy Delphi (Murray et al. 1985, Ishikawa et al. 1993) and Grey Delphi Methods (Ma et al., 2011) to predict the probability and likely outcomes of the transboundary dispute between China and India, which is one of the cases with low probability. Upon 1,000 simulations under volatile international relations, the development of theconvergence demonstrates the integrated Delphi Method is more suitable for predicting volatile situations.

This paper presents the role of global Industry 4.0 technology management in the growth of the wind turbine industry. The article begins with a brief overview of the Industry 4.0 wind turbine industry development, focusing on factors shaping this development. The legal policies are identified as one of the significant factors, especially in PR China and Germany. A detailed secondary data analysis of the country-specific systems is presented, followed by the analysis of patents and companies in both countries to understand better how the development, management and transfer of technology affected the different factors and the global patterns. An effective approach of acquiring technology for local enterprises as well as market development entry mode for the foreign technology holding companies are both identified. Accessing technology through licensing, entering joint ventures, or acquiring knowledge-intensive companies can be identified as common and often successful industry approaches. To develop, obtain, or maintain competitive advantages in the wind turbine industry, we suggest that the governments issue relevant legislation and regulations to support the upgrading of the industry, and the enterprises can access and manage the technology through the approaches mentioned above.