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Open innovation is a phenomenon that has gained vast attention since its introduction in 2003. It has been identified that organizations are experiencing a shift from the innovation process towards an open innovation approach. However, research on open innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) has shown to require more attention in the literature. This study investigated the effect of resources and capabilities in Swedish SMEs to address the challenges of liability of smallness. The purpose of this research is to investigate the challenges that Swedish SMEs in the high-tech industry face while opting for an open innovation approach. For that, the following research question was answered: How do resources and capabilities affect Swedish SMEs in engaging in open innovation to overcome the liability of smallness? A resource-based theory has been implied in this study which examines from five distinct perspectives namely, strategy, process, corporate structure, cross-company network, and culture. This thesis paper is a qualitative study that has been conducted by semi-structured interviews with five Swedish SMEs. The empirical data was then thematically analyzed and seven themes have been developed from the data analysis. The findings reveal that firstly, Swedish SMEs in the high-tech industry are open to external collaboration and accepting innovative ideas coming from both internal and external sources. Therefore, empirical evidence shows that Swedish SMEs are not always reluctant to make a shift towards open innovation. Rather it has been found that SMEs are open to opportunities to tackle the obstacle of smallness. Secondly, resources and capabilities have a positive effect on the performance of the SMEs. Allocation of resources both financial and human resources results in the successful commercialization of a project, thus by gaining a competitive advantage the performance of the firm improves significantly. Thirdly, whilst the liability of smallne

Open innovation is a phenomenon that has gained vast attention since its introduction in 2003. It has been identified that organizations are experiencing a shift from the innovation process towards an open innovation approach. However, research on open innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) has shown to require more attention in the literature. This study investigated the effect of resources and capabilities in Swedish SMEs to address the challenges of liability of smallness. The purpose of this research is to investigate the challenges that Swedish SMEs in the high-tech industry face while opting for an open innovation approach. For that, the following research question was answered: How do resources and capabilities affect Swedish SMEs in engaging in open innovation to overcome the liability of smallness? A resource-based theory has been implied in this study which examines from five distinct perspectives namely, strategy, process, corporate structure, cross-company network, and culture. This thesis paper is a qualitative study that has been conducted by semi-structured interviews with five Swedish SMEs. The empirical data was then thematically analyzed and seven themes have been developed from the data analysis. The findings reveal that firstly, Swedish SMEs in the high-tech industry are open to external collaboration and accepting innovative ideas coming from both internal and external sources. Therefore, empirical evidence shows that Swedish SMEs are not always reluctant to make a shift towards open innovation. Rather it has been found that SMEs are open to opportunities to tackle the obstacle of smallness. Secondly, resources and capabilities have a positive effect on the performance of the SMEs. Allocation of resources both financial and human resources results in the successful commercialization of a project, thus by gaining a competitive advantage the performance of the firm improves significantly. Thirdly, whilst the liability of smallne

Purpose: Every company has a role and obligation to participate in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) while remaining focused on the company's competitiveness. The research aims to identify factors influencing the performance of high-tech industry from the SDGs perspective. Method: This research uses an in-depth literature review method on reputable publications indexed in the Scopus database, by applying keywords that are relevant to the research topic. This research managed to find the role of SDGs and ESG elements in the development of high-tech industries. Results: The literature study concluded that a company’s ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) policies covering the environmental aspects, social aspects, and governance aspects, greatly influence the company’s SDGs achievement. By improving ESG performance, companies indirectly play a role in SDGs goals. This study is expected to offer input and recommendations for high-tech industry as well as the government in formulating policies and practices that support firm performance in meeting SDGs targets.

Joint decision-making is one of the coordination mechanisms to address the inherent complexity of business-to-business (B2B) processes within a supply chain. Joint decision-making can be helpful to define shared goals and objectives, identify supply chain failures and opportunities, and consolidate supply chain success. Parties may benefit directly from a partnership's potential and synergies by collaboratively making decisions. However, specific business conditions need to be in place to enable joint decision-making. This paper investigates how companies in a dyadic relationship arrive at joint and individual supply chain decision-making structure. We examine the drivers, facilitators, and barriers of making joint as well as individual decisions within the supplier-buyer dyad and frame our arguments borrowing perspectives from resource dependency theory, transaction cost economics, collaboration theory, and social exchange theory. The paper presents a case study of Dutch high-tech companies, analysing experiences of supply chain managers via semi-structured interviews. High-tech firms often collaborate and share supply chain decisions due to the high-value capital equipment as well as a shared dependency on highly specific scarce resources. Our study provides new empirical insight into how firms cope with conflicting drivers, facilitators, and barriers in collaborations, controlling their decision-making structure. From the case study, we identify the combinations of facilitators and drivers that tend to promote the existence of joint decisions. We conclude with providing a list of suggestions for decision-makers and future research., Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public., Transport and Logistics, Transport and Planning

In today's knowledge-intensive economy, innovation has become essential for securing a competitive advantage, assisting firms in thriving, and ensuring their survival. Corporations have realised that experts are just some of the ones responsible for innovation. Employee involvement in developing innovation processes thus represents a significant cultural shift from established company practices. This realisation has led to the emergence of employee-driven innovation (EDI). There is academic work that studies different contributing factors to EDI. Management practices and leadership are crucial for implementing EDI initiatives by creating a supportive environment, encouraging innovation, and providing autonomy and guidance to employees. Recent work looks into creativity and employee work behaviour. There is also work around digital EDI, and some studies look into the organisation of EDI. However, organisations still struggle with implementing EDI. This research aims to identify key factors and practices that effectively organise EDI within high-tech organisations. The qualitative and inductive study used semi-structured interviews to generate theory and draw general conclusions. The target population includes change managers, senior managers, and employees in high-tech organisations. Twelve people from different organisations in The Netherlands participated in the study. I recorded, transcribed and anonymised the video interviews. These anonymised documents were further used for coding to identify emergent themes. The results provide valuable insights into the participants' understanding, perception, and outcomes of EDI initiatives. Initially, they showed limited awareness of EDI, but after being informed, they recognised its importance in leveraging the creative potential of all employees. The participants discussed examples of EDI initiatives, highlighting the use of digital platforms, collaborative sessions, competitions, and off-site activities, Management of Technology (MoT)

Unlike consumer goods industry, a high-tech manufacturer (OEM) often amortizes new product development costs over multiple generations, where demand for each generation is based on advance orders (i.e., known demand) and additional uncertain demand. Also, due to economic regulatory reasons, high-tech OEMs usually source from a single supplier. Relative to the high retail price, the costs for a supplier of producing high-tech components are low. Consequently, incentives are misaligned: the OEM faces relatively high under-stock costs and the supplier faces high over-stock costs. In this paper, we examine supply contracts that are intended to align the incentives between a high-tech OEM and a supplier so that the supplier will invest adequate and yet non-verifiable capacity to meet the OEM’s demand. When focusing on a single generation, the manufacturer can coordinate a decentralized supply chain and extract all surplus by augmenting a traditional wholesale price contract with a “contingent penalty” should the supplier fail to fulfill the OEM’s demand. When the resulting penalty is too high to be enforceable, we consider a new class of “contingent renewal” wholesale price contracts with a stipulation: the OEM will renew the contract with the incumbent supplier for the next generation only when the supplier can fulfill the demand for the current generation. By using non-renewal as an implicit penalty, we show that the contingent renewal contract can coordinate the supply chain. While the OEM can capture the bulk of the supply chain profit, this innovative contract cannot enable the OEM to extract the entire surplus.

Unlike consumer goods industry, a high-tech manufacturer (OEM) often amortizes new product development costs over multiple generations, where demand for each generation is based on advance orders (i.e., known demand) and additional uncertain demand. Also, due to economic regulatory reasons, high-tech OEMs usually source from a single supplier. Relative to the high retail price, the costs for a supplier of producing high-tech components are low. Consequently, incentives are misaligned: the OEM faces relatively high under-stock costs and the supplier faces high over-stock costs. In this paper, we examine supply contracts that are intended to align the incentives between a high-tech OEM and a supplier so that the supplier will invest adequate and yet non-verifiable capacity to meet the OEM’s demand. When focusing on a single generation, the manufacturer can coordinate a decentralized supply chain and extract all surplus by augmenting a traditional wholesale price contract with a “contingent penalty” should the supplier fail to fulfill the OEM’s demand. When the resulting penalty is too high to be enforceable, we consider a new class of “contingent renewal” wholesale price contracts with a stipulation: the OEM will renew the contract with the incumbent supplier for the next generation only when the supplier can fulfill the demand for the current generation. By using non-renewal as an implicit penalty, we show that the contingent renewal contract can coordinate the supply chain. While the OEM can capture the bulk of the supply chain profit, this innovative contract cannot enable the OEM to extract the entire surplus.

the article deals with the problems that arise in special economic zones that are being created in the Russian Federation. Educational institutions that will provide them with working personnel play a special role in making investment in the SEZ attractive. The main parameters of a systematic approach to creating a University as a center of scientific and innovative development are considered., В статье рассматривается проблемы, возникающие в особых экономических зонах, создающихся в Российской Федерации. Особую роль в создании привлекательности инвестиций в ОЭЗ играют образовательные учреждения, обеспечивающие их рабочими кадрами. Нужен системный подход к созданию университета как центра научного и инновационного развития.

Sales are the backbone for a company, sales forecasting plays an important role in organizational decision-making, and improving the sales forecasting performance has been an intention for managers. Sales forecasting is a management function that is affected by various organizational factors. The aim of this research is to validate a Sales Forecasting Management (SFM) framework to improve the sales forecasting performance in a high-tech industry and study the impact of forecasting on the organization’s business performance. The organizational factors such as sales compensation structure, product life-cycle stage of the company, information logistics, and cross-functional communication of the SFM framework are validated in the context of the high-tech industry. Further, the framework is quantified by developing an appropriate sales forecasting model. Both quantitative and qualitative forecasting methods are studied and the most appropriate technique with high accuracy is chosen. Finally, the effect of sales forecasting performance on a specific business outcome – End of Service Benefits (EOSB) is quantitatively measured. The EOSB is the gratuity payment received by the employees of the company when they are terminated or resigning from the job. It is a crucial operational expenditure that is proportional to the salaries earned by the sales employees and the accuracy in EOSB forecasts has an impact on the company’s stock price and investment decisions. The results of the research show that the accuracy in sales forecasts has a significant impact on the End of Service Benefits forecast. The research also finds that the SFM framework has to be adjusted to include the sales pipeline stages as an important organizational factor that influences sales forecasting management. Thus, the thesis provides an interesting insight to include the sales pipeline stages in the framework to improve the sales forecasting credibility. Finally, the SFM framework is evaluated, the impact o, Management of Technology (MoT)

Bakgrund: Startupföretag bidrar i dagens samhälle med flertalet innovationer, vilket storföretag kan ta del av genom öppen innovation. När företagen samarbetar med varandra kan parterna tillsammans främja innovation och ta del av ny kunskap. Startupföretag får hjälp med kommersialisering av affärsidén och storföretag kan behålla sin marknadsposition genom användningen av ny teknik. På grund av den stora asymmetrin organisationerna emellan är det av intresse att ge en förklaring för vad som påverkar en affär mellan startupföretag och storföretag, för att möjliggöra fler lyckade samarbeten. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att utifrån startupföretags perspektiv undersöka faktorer som påverkar en lyckad affär mellan startupföretag och storföretag inom högteknologiska branscher. Metod: Studien utfördes med en kvantitativ metod där empirin samlats in med hjälp av enkäter via en tvärsnittsdesign. Vidare har studien utgått från det positivistiska perspektivet där en deduktiv ansats använts. En hierarkisk logistisk regressionsanalys genomfördes för att analysera hur tidigare erfarenhet av storföretag, matchad via stödfunktion, avtalsdesign, förtroende, kommunikation, indirekta värden och direkta värden samvarierar med en lyckad affär mellan storföretag och startupföretag. Slutsats: Studiens resultat visar att ökad omsättning, avtalsdesign, tidigare erfarenhet av kontraktering, stödfunktioner, kostnadseffektivitet och indirekta värden har ett statistiskt signifikant samband med lyckad affär. Ökad omsättning, ett detaljerat avtal, tidigare erfarenhet av kontraktering och matchning via stödfunktion ökar sannolikheten för en lyckad affär. När vikt läggs vid kostnadseffektivitet och indirekta värden minskar sannolikheten att affären blir lyckad. Genom att ta studiens faktorer i beaktning kan både startupföretag och storföretag öka sannolikheten att det blir en lyckad affär., Background: Startups contribute in today's society with multiple innovations, which large companies can take part of through open innovation. By collaborating, both companies can enhance innovation and take part of new knowledge. Startups receive help with the commercialization of their business idea and large companies can keep their market position through the use of new technology. Due to the large asymmetry between the organisations, it is of interest to create a broader explanation of what affects the deal between startups and large companies, in order to enable more successful collaboration. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to examine different factors that affect a successful deal between startups and large companies in high-tech industries from the startup perspective. Methodology: The study used a quantitative research method where the empirical data has been collected by questionnaires. The study is based on a positivist philosophical standpoint with a deductive approach. A hierarchical logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze how the factors previous experience with large companies, matched by a support function, contract design, trust, personal chemistry, communication, indirect values and direct values affects the deal between large companies and startups. Analysis and conclusion: The result of the study shows that increased revenue, contract design, previous experience of contracting, support functions, cost efficiency and indirect values have a statistically significant correlation with a successful deal. Increased revenue, a detailed contract, previous experience of contracting and matched by a support function increases the probability to perform a successful deal. When focus shifts to cost efficiency and indirect values, the probability of the deal being successful decreases. By taking the factors into account, both startups and large companies can increase the probability that it will be a successful deal.

Sales are the backbone for a company, sales forecasting plays an important role in organizational decision-making, and improving the sales forecasting performance has been an intention for managers. Sales forecasting is a management function that is affected by various organizational factors. The aim of this research is to validate a Sales Forecasting Management (SFM) framework to improve the sales forecasting performance in a high-tech industry and study the impact of forecasting on the organization’s business performance. The organizational factors such as sales compensation structure, product life-cycle stage of the company, information logistics, and cross-functional communication of the SFM framework are validated in the context of the high-tech industry. Further, the framework is quantified by developing an appropriate sales forecasting model. Both quantitative and qualitative forecasting methods are studied and the most appropriate technique with high accuracy is chosen. Finally, the effect of sales forecasting performance on a specific business outcome – End of Service Benefits (EOSB) is quantitatively measured. The EOSB is the gratuity payment received by the employees of the company when they are terminated or resigning from the job. It is a crucial operational expenditure that is proportional to the salaries earned by the sales employees and the accuracy in EOSB forecasts has an impact on the company’s stock price and investment decisions. The results of the research show that the accuracy in sales forecasts has a significant impact on the End of Service Benefits forecast. The research also finds that the SFM framework has to be adjusted to include the sales pipeline stages as an important organizational factor that influences sales forecasting management. Thus, the thesis provides an interesting insight to include the sales pipeline stages in the framework to improve the sales forecasting credibility. Finally, the SFM framework is evaluated, the impact o, Management of Technology (MoT)

Bakgrund: Startupföretag bidrar i dagens samhälle med flertalet innovationer, vilket storföretag kan ta del av genom öppen innovation. När företagen samarbetar med varandra kan parterna tillsammans främja innovation och ta del av ny kunskap. Startupföretag får hjälp med kommersialisering av affärsidén och storföretag kan behålla sin marknadsposition genom användningen av ny teknik. På grund av den stora asymmetrin organisationerna emellan är det av intresse att ge en förklaring för vad som påverkar en affär mellan startupföretag och storföretag, för att möjliggöra fler lyckade samarbeten. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att utifrån startupföretags perspektiv undersöka faktorer som påverkar en lyckad affär mellan startupföretag och storföretag inom högteknologiska branscher. Metod: Studien utfördes med en kvantitativ metod där empirin samlats in med hjälp av enkäter via en tvärsnittsdesign. Vidare har studien utgått från det positivistiska perspektivet där en deduktiv ansats använts. En hierarkisk logistisk regressionsanalys genomfördes för att analysera hur tidigare erfarenhet av storföretag, matchad via stödfunktion, avtalsdesign, förtroende, kommunikation, indirekta värden och direkta värden samvarierar med en lyckad affär mellan storföretag och startupföretag. Slutsats: Studiens resultat visar att ökad omsättning, avtalsdesign, tidigare erfarenhet av kontraktering, stödfunktioner, kostnadseffektivitet och indirekta värden har ett statistiskt signifikant samband med lyckad affär. Ökad omsättning, ett detaljerat avtal, tidigare erfarenhet av kontraktering och matchning via stödfunktion ökar sannolikheten för en lyckad affär. När vikt läggs vid kostnadseffektivitet och indirekta värden minskar sannolikheten att affären blir lyckad. Genom att ta studiens faktorer i beaktning kan både startupföretag och storföretag öka sannolikheten att det blir en lyckad affär., Background: Startups contribute in today's society with multiple innovations, which large companies can take part of through open innovation. By collaborating, both companies can enhance innovation and take part of new knowledge. Startups receive help with the commercialization of their business idea and large companies can keep their market position through the use of new technology. Due to the large asymmetry between the organisations, it is of interest to create a broader explanation of what affects the deal between startups and large companies, in order to enable more successful collaboration. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to examine different factors that affect a successful deal between startups and large companies in high-tech industries from the startup perspective. Methodology: The study used a quantitative research method where the empirical data has been collected by questionnaires. The study is based on a positivist philosophical standpoint with a deductive approach. A hierarchical logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze how the factors previous experience with large companies, matched by a support function, contract design, trust, personal chemistry, communication, indirect values and direct values affects the deal between large companies and startups. Analysis and conclusion: The result of the study shows that increased revenue, contract design, previous experience of contracting, support functions, cost efficiency and indirect values have a statistically significant correlation with a successful deal. Increased revenue, a detailed contract, previous experience of contracting and matched by a support function increases the probability to perform a successful deal. When focus shifts to cost efficiency and indirect values, the probability of the deal being successful decreases. By taking the factors into account, both startups and large companies can increase the probability that it will be a successful deal.

Background: Surviving in times of rapid technology changes requires quick adaptability of processes in companies. Facilitating ambidexterity can be an integral part of the overall organizational goal and the strategy on a firm level, enabling companies to adapt to the rapidly changing environments. The current body of ambidexterity literature has been very much focused on how we can facilitate parity between those two orientations. However, there is limited understanding on how they can utilize knowledge sharing between those orientations mentioned above. Purpose: Analyzing how successful knowledge sharing mechanisms are institutionalized, this study aims to advance the understanding behind the linking mechanism to manage and implement ambidexterity in mature companies and new ventures. Method: We conducted a single-case analysis with embedded multiple-units design of explorative- and exploitative-oriented teams in a listed Swedish high-tech company. We administered semi-structured interviews based on non-probability purposive sampling. The primary data was coded following the principles of thematic analysis. Conclusion: The knowledge sharing mechanism we identified requires the routinization of (1) a strong knowledge sharing company culture, (2) knowledge brokers as linkage, and (3) moderating mechanisms defining the boundaries in alignment with company strategy where knowledge is allowed to flow freely. Implications: Our findings indicate that routinizing knowledge sharing mechanisms offers an extension towards structural ambidexterity since it lowers resource requirements to alleviates tensions and amplifies synergies. Towards practitioners, it offers a novel and resourceful approach of implementing ambidexterity for new ventures and mature companies., Defense took place online, via Zoom meeting.

Background: Surviving in times of rapid technology changes requires quick adaptability of processes in companies. Facilitating ambidexterity can be an integral part of the overall organizational goal and the strategy on a firm level, enabling companies to adapt to the rapidly changing environments. The current body of ambidexterity literature has been very much focused on how we can facilitate parity between those two orientations. However, there is limited understanding on how they can utilize knowledge sharing between those orientations mentioned above. Purpose: Analyzing how successful knowledge sharing mechanisms are institutionalized, this study aims to advance the understanding behind the linking mechanism to manage and implement ambidexterity in mature companies and new ventures. Method: We conducted a single-case analysis with embedded multiple-units design of explorative- and exploitative-oriented teams in a listed Swedish high-tech company. We administered semi-structured interviews based on non-probability purposive sampling. The primary data was coded following the principles of thematic analysis. Conclusion: The knowledge sharing mechanism we identified requires the routinization of (1) a strong knowledge sharing company culture, (2) knowledge brokers as linkage, and (3) moderating mechanisms defining the boundaries in alignment with company strategy where knowledge is allowed to flow freely. Implications: Our findings indicate that routinizing knowledge sharing mechanisms offers an extension towards structural ambidexterity since it lowers resource requirements to alleviates tensions and amplifies synergies. Towards practitioners, it offers a novel and resourceful approach of implementing ambidexterity for new ventures and mature companies., Defense took place online, via Zoom meeting.

Existing research acknowledges users as an important external source of innovation for firms, but mainly focuses on user innovation in mature firms. The aim of this paper is to understand why and how startups strategically integrate users in the innovation process. To achieve this purpose we chose an abductive, qualitative research approach and conducted a multiple case study on six Swedish high-tech startups. The analysis of the findings was further verified through interviews with three incubators who are experts for innovation processes in startups. Our empirical findings suggest that startups consider users a valuable source of feedback and claim to integrate them to assess business opportunities early to reduce the risk of inefficient investments. However, resource constraints hinder startups to utilize users throughout the innovation process. But the startups’ intentions are not aligned with their actions because they mainly integrate users during the late testing stage, where they let them interact with the product and prioritize adjustments to the product based on their feedback. The most important criterion to select users to collaborate with is mutual trust. This paper provides startup managers with a guideline to understand why user innovation is beneficial and how they can strategically integrate users in their innovation process. Barriers that hinder startups to integrate users are mainly a result of poor execution and can be overcome if sufficient resources are allocated. It is important for startups to acknowledge that user integration does not mean that users become the innovator, as the startups have to remain in control of the innovation process.

Existing research acknowledges users as an important external source of innovation for firms, but mainly focuses on user innovation in mature firms. The aim of this paper is to understand why and how startups strategically integrate users in the innovation process. To achieve this purpose we chose an abductive, qualitative research approach and conducted a multiple case study on six Swedish high-tech startups. The analysis of the findings was further verified through interviews with three incubators who are experts for innovation processes in startups. Our empirical findings suggest that startups consider users a valuable source of feedback and claim to integrate them to assess business opportunities early to reduce the risk of inefficient investments. However, resource constraints hinder startups to utilize users throughout the innovation process. But the startups’ intentions are not aligned with their actions because they mainly integrate users during the late testing stage, where they let them interact with the product and prioritize adjustments to the product based on their feedback. The most important criterion to select users to collaborate with is mutual trust. This paper provides startup managers with a guideline to understand why user innovation is beneficial and how they can strategically integrate users in their innovation process. Barriers that hinder startups to integrate users are mainly a result of poor execution and can be overcome if sufficient resources are allocated. It is important for startups to acknowledge that user integration does not mean that users become the innovator, as the startups have to remain in control of the innovation process.

Рассмотрена проблема духовно-нравственного потенциала и патриотизма российской армии и оборонно-промышленного комплекса (ОПК), надежности персонала армейских и производственных его коллективов. Авторы высказывают точку зрения, которая основывается на осмыслении исторической практики. Проанализированы возможности развития духовно-нравственного потенциала и патриотического воспитания на предприятиях ОПК, знаковых изменений в социально-экономическом развитии ОПК, создания научно-технического задела по сохранению превосходства оборонного потенциала и защиты национальных интересов страны., The focus of the article is the problem of spiritually-moral potential and patriotism of the Russian army and military-industrial complex (MIC), the reliability of the army staff and production teams of MIC. On these issues the authors еxpress a point of view based on th understanding of historical practices. Possibilities of development of spiritually-moral potential and рatriotic education in the enterprises of MIC, significant changes in socio-economic development of MIC, the establishment of a scientific and technical reserve maintaining the superiority of defence capabilities and the protection of the national interests of the country are analysed.

This article studies the development of innovative component for the region's economic security. The hypothesis of the study is that in the context of globalization and development of network society, innovation is becoming one of the key elements ensuring the economic security of a region. We considered the relationship between the concepts of sustainable development and economic security. The authors show that currently, the economic security of the country directly depends on its place within the innovation chain. We substantiate that Russian Federation and its regions need to shift to the innovation development based on strengthening its own sources for long-term growth. The paper considers the basic theoretical and methodological problems in the formation of innovation component of the Russian regions' economic security. We reveal the major essence and elements of the innovative component of the sustainable economic development of the region. The authors show that the formation of the innovative component of the region's economic security demands the correlation of the strategy of regional innovation development and the production and technological type of territory. Additionally, this strategy should correlate with the desirable ways of production type transformation in the future, considering the trends of the world economy. We have highlighted the production and technological types of Russian regions as well as identified the features of relevant regional components for the innovation system of the Russian Federation to ensure sustainable development. The study defines the priority directions and goals for the development of economic security innovative component in the Russian regions. The authors' calculations allowed to select a group of territorial subjects of the Russian Federation, which appear to be the most promising for the development of innovative activities for the elaboration of export-oriented high-tech industries. The results of this research, Рассмотрены проблемы формирования инновационной составляющей экономической безопасности региона. Дано соотношение понятий устойчивого развития и экономической безопасности. Обоснована необходимость перехода России и ее регионов на инновационную парадигму развития с опорой на укрепление собственных источников долговременного роста. Раскрыты суть и элементы инновационной составляющей устойчивого экономического развития региона. Выделены основные производственно-технологические типы российских регионов. Представлены приоритетные направления и задачи по формированию инновационной составляющей экономической безопасности в регионах.

This study investigates the decision-making logics of entrepreneurs during the exploration and exploitation phases of international opportunities. Data was collected from four med-tech international new ventures in Ireland and Sweden. Adopting a longitudinal approach, we captured the processual dynamics of exploration and exploitation and identified decision-making behaviours adopted by INV entrepreneurs in different phases of the international opportunity process. This study finds that he entrepreneur’s decision-making logic falls contingent on their personal knowledge base and nature of industry dynamics surrounding the exploration and exploitation processes. The study finds that those entrepreneurs with a scientific and engineering background drew on causation decision-making logic in the exploration processes concerning technology development, whereas during the exploitation process they enacted more effectuated behaviours in decisions particulary relating to marketing experimentation and development, mainly due to their lack of prior commercial experience and business know-how. This study contributes to the domain of international entrepreneurship (IE) research with a particular focus on decision-making logic in the exploration and exploitation processes of international opportunities. It offers empirical insights into the degree of applicability of effectuation and causation logic in entrepreneurial decision-making. As IE is a young discipline, this study makes a number of inroads in advancing knowledge in the causation and effectuation theoretical perspectives on IE with specific focus on the complex entrepreneurial processes of exploration and exploitation of international opportunities in high tech contexts.

The M&A activity among companies worldwide increases every year, at the same time as much as 70 % of all M&A’s are being reviewed as failures. M&A’s are a fast mean of positioning for a company, which makes the strategy increasingly relevant for high-tech companies since the high tech industry can change in both quick and disruptive ways. This study aims to explore the most common motives which a high-tech company uses for M&A activity, as well as what alternative methods can be used to reach the same goals. To approach the problem eight companies in either high-tech industries or adjacent, with expertise and experience of M&A’s, were interviewed. In combination with the empirical study a literature study was performed to strengthen or impair the results of the information gathered in the empirical study, as well as offer a comparison between the two. The results show how companies often prioritize control over both R&D and resources over the risk of losing internal focus or time-to-market. Furthermore the study showed the importance of the corporate culture aspect of M&A’s. To achieve the wanted synergy effects, thorough work is needed both before and after an M&A to handle differences in corporate culture.

The impact of technology spillover sources on innovation performance has been studied intensively and extensively. But little research has been conducted on evaluating different technology spillover sources with a unified framework. Moreover, the role of universities and research institutes as alternative sources of technology in developing countries, including China, has been theoretically and empirically marginalized. This study presents a unified analysis framework of innovation performance with four technology spillover sources integrated, namely public R&D investments in universities and research institutes, inward foreign direct investment, technology import, and export activities. The impact of these technology spillover sources on innovation performance is compared using provincial data on Chinese high-tech industries. The results indicate that the role of public R&D differs across interior and coastal regions of China. Advanced technology from developed countries has not been effectively transferred to China through foreign direct investment. Technology import has a slight contribution to innovation performance. And export activities are found to play different roles across regions. Overall, the findings indicate that indigenous R&D efforts have laid down solid innovative capacity for Chinese high-tech industries.

R&D and innovation is the source of technology companies’ profit. If companies cannot be smoothly implemented technological innovation and R&D investments, then they can not strengthen their competitiveness. In the light of dynamic capabilities and absorptive capacities, we need an effective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) analysis tools to assess the impact of organizational innovation and performance factors so that we can promote organizational innovation performance requires. This study used multiple criteria decision analysis method- DEMATEL, how influence as innovation performance on knowledge management capabilities of high-tech industry. Result of this study, enterprises can access external knowledge and make amendments to the operating principle effectively and immediately, when enhanced absorptive capabilities. Moreover, enhancing absorption capabilities will lead the improvement of dynamic capabilities to adapt to the rapidly changing competitive environment.

R&D and innovation is the source of technology companies’ profit. If companies cannot be smoothly implemented technological innovation and R&D investments, then they can not strengthen their competitiveness. In the light of dynamic capabilities and absorptive capacities, we need an effective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) analysis tools to assess the impact of organizational innovation and performance factors so that we can promote organizational innovation performance requires. This study used multiple criteria decision analysis method- DEMATEL, how influence as innovation performance on knowledge management capabilities of high-tech industry. Result of this study, enterprises can access external knowledge and make amendments to the operating principle effectively and immediately, when enhanced absorptive capabilities. Moreover, enhancing absorption capabilities will lead the improvement of dynamic capabilities to adapt to the rapidly changing competitive environment.

R&D and innovation is the source of technology companies’ profit. If companies cannot be smoothly implemented technological innovation and R&D investments, then they can not strengthen their competitiveness. In the light of dynamic capabilities and absorptive capacities, we need an effective multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) analysis tools to assess the impact of organizational innovation and performance factors so that we can promote organizational innovation performance requires. This study used multiple criteria decision analysis method- DEMATEL, how influence as innovation performance on knowledge management capabilities of high-tech industry. Result of this study, enterprises can access external knowledge and make amendments to the operating principle effectively and immediately, when enhanced absorptive capabilities. Moreover, enhancing absorption capabilities will lead the improvement of dynamic capabilities to adapt to the rapidly changing competitive environment.

Purpose: Our purpose is to describe and understand how a project-based, knowledge-intensive firm in the high-technology industry creates and transfers knowledge, seen from two perspectives. Methodology: Our qualitative case study has an explorative approach since earlier studies within our positioning are absent, thus we look at KM abductively. To gain more depth to our study, we mirror our findings from our case company with data collected from three additional organisations. Theoretical perspectives: We see a clear distinction between researchers, either seeing knowledge as an object or a process. Thus, we review theories from both sides, either focusing on the creation or transferring of knowledge. In addition, theories on KM in project organisations are accounted for. Empirical foundation: The study is based on the empirical foundation which consists of the data received through six interviews with employees at our main case company and, additionally, two interviews at each of our three mirror companies. Conclusion: The study found KM being seen from both perspectives in all four firms. Through this, we found implications for how our case company could proceed in the future.

Purpose: Our purpose is to describe and understand how a project-based, knowledge-intensive firm in the high-technology industry creates and transfers knowledge, seen from two perspectives. Methodology: Our qualitative case study has an explorative approach since earlier studies within our positioning are absent, thus we look at KM abductively. To gain more depth to our study, we mirror our findings from our case company with data collected from three additional organisations. Theoretical perspectives: We see a clear distinction between researchers, either seeing knowledge as an object or a process. Thus, we review theories from both sides, either focusing on the creation or transferring of knowledge. In addition, theories on KM in project organisations are accounted for. Empirical foundation: The study is based on the empirical foundation which consists of the data received through six interviews with employees at our main case company and, additionally, two interviews at each of our three mirror companies. Conclusion: The study found KM being seen from both perspectives in all four firms. Through this, we found implications for how our case company could proceed in the future.

© 2015, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved. The urgency of the advanced professional training of the future competitive specialists for a high-tech industry is conditioned by the fact that one of the strategic objectives of modern production is to provide a new generation with the manpower, the leaders of production who can not only purchase and adapt foreign models, but also but have the qualification to develop and introduce new home-produced samples, and also be able to quickly adapt to new social and economic conditions. Therefore, this article aims to identify the features of the advanced training of the future specialists for high-tech industry in the process of integration of education, science and industry. The authors have found the distinctive features of the institution providing the advanced training of the future competitive specialists; proposed measures for the development of advanced training; set the requirements to the syllabus and technology of advanced training; discussed the conditions for the implementation of the advanced training of the future competitive specialists in the condition of education, science and industry integration. The issues of this article are of both theoretical and practical value for the management and teaching staff of the vocational education institutions.

© 2015, Mediterranean Center of Social and Educational Research. All rights reserved. The urgency of the advanced professional training of the future competitive specialists for a high-tech industry is conditioned by the fact that one of the strategic objectives of modern production is to provide a new generation with the manpower, the leaders of production who can not only purchase and adapt foreign models, but also but have the qualification to develop and introduce new home-produced samples, and also be able to quickly adapt to new social and economic conditions. Therefore, this article aims to identify the features of the advanced training of the future specialists for high-tech industry in the process of integration of education, science and industry. The authors have found the distinctive features of the institution providing the advanced training of the future competitive specialists; proposed measures for the development of advanced training; set the requirements to the syllabus and technology of advanced training; discussed the conditions for the implementation of the advanced training of the future competitive specialists in the condition of education, science and industry integration. The issues of this article are of both theoretical and practical value for the management and teaching staff of the vocational education institutions.