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This study explored the experiences and perspectives of physical activity participation among Iranian International Muslim women graduate students living away from their families in Canada. Specifically, this study investigated how distancing from Islamic society and Muslim familial supervision could affect their perspectives on physical activity participation within Canadian culture and system, compared to their experiences before migrating to Canada. The literature review indicated that previous research on Muslim women and physical activity has mainly focused on identifying the barriers that prevent them from participating in physical activity. This study, therefore, sought to understand the cultural and familial influences on Muslim women's participation in physical activity when they live in a non-Islamic country. The study used an interpretive approach and focus group to gather data from the participation of 10 Muslim women at the graduate level of education. Thematic analysis was applied to identify the themes that construct the participants' experiences. The study's quality was ensured by adhering to six quality criteria: reflexivity, credibility, resonance, significant contribution, ethics, and coherence. The findings from this research provide an in-depth understanding of the factors influencing physical activity participation among Iranian Muslim women graduate students in Canada. The interplay of cultural capital, societal expectations, supportive environments, and the negotiation of cultural identity all play crucial roles in shaping their experiences in Canada. In addition, this research contributes to the literature on Muslim women's participation in physical activity by providing insights into the cultural and family influences shaping their experiences in a non-Muslim country. Additionally, the research findings will assist policymakers and practitioners in promoting physical activity among Muslim women outside of Islamic countries.

This study explored the experiences and perspectives of physical activity participation among Iranian International Muslim women graduate students living away from their families in Canada. Specifically, this study investigated how distancing from Islamic society and Muslim familial supervision could affect their perspectives on physical activity participation within Canadian culture and system, compared to their experiences before migrating to Canada. The literature review indicated that previous research on Muslim women and physical activity has mainly focused on identifying the barriers that prevent them from participating in physical activity. This study, therefore, sought to understand the cultural and familial influences on Muslim women's participation in physical activity when they live in a non-Islamic country. The study used an interpretive approach and focus group to gather data from the participation of 10 Muslim women at the graduate level of education. Thematic analysis was applied to identify the themes that construct the participants' experiences. The study's quality was ensured by adhering to six quality criteria: reflexivity, credibility, resonance, significant contribution, ethics, and coherence. The findings from this research provide an in-depth understanding of the factors influencing physical activity participation among Iranian Muslim women graduate students in Canada. The interplay of cultural capital, societal expectations, supportive environments, and the negotiation of cultural identity all play crucial roles in shaping their experiences in Canada. In addition, this research contributes to the literature on Muslim women's participation in physical activity by providing insights into the cultural and family influences shaping their experiences in a non-Muslim country. Additionally, the research findings will assist policymakers and practitioners in promoting physical activity among Muslim women outside of Islamic countries.

Background. India as a country lags behind in supporting the mental health of athletes. Discussing or talking about one’s mental health has long been a struggle in the Indian sporting context. There is a gap in the literature looking at the experiences of elite athletes with mental health. Aim. The aim of this research was to develop an understanding of how mental health is perceived by elite football (soccer) athletes in India. Thus, this study was an exploratory study looking at the perceptions and experiences of mental health of the elite soccer players in India to map the current situation eventually leading to social change. Two continua model of mental health was used as a guiding theoretical framework. The research question this study addressed was: what are the perceptions about and experiences with mental health of the professional soccer players in India? Methods. Semi-structured interviews with open ended questions were used to interview six (three male & three female) professional soccer athletes. An inductive thematic analysis was used to analyse the interview transcripts. Results. Three themes emerged from the transcripts: a) mental health, b) being an athlete is not easy, and c) a way forward. These findings highlight the perceptions, the mental states, and the experiences with mental health of the elite athletes. Implications. This research can help the coaches, sport federations, sport psychologists, athletic therapists, educators and policy makers better understand the lived experiences of elite athletes with regards to mental health in India.

Background: Rooted in origins of eugenics, sexual health education (SHE) originated as social hygiene to culturally maintain and mainstream Christian purity ideology through character-building spaces such as sport, recreation, and physical activity (Ferguson, 1891; Snow, 1916). Aim: This exploratory study sought to understand the ways sport acts as a pathway for sexual health education (SHE) from the perspective of high-performance student-athletes. Methods: Through semi-structured interviews and open-ended questions, nine former and current student-athletes (3 women; 6 men) were recruited to talk about their experiences and knowledge about SHE within a sports context. The analysis of the narratives involved Willig’s 6-step guide to Foucauldian Discourse Analysis (FDA). Discourses were analyzed through a biopsychosocial (BPS) approach, which recognizes the interconnectivity and holistic value of SHE as more than biomedical. Results: Three discursive themes were identified: 1) Biomedical, 2) Win At all Costs Mentality, and 3) Sexual Activity. These were supported by discourses such biological binarism, menstruation, winning at all costs, casual sexual activity, and sexual abuse, some of which aligned with SHE curricula objectives as outlined by the Manitoba and Ontario curriculum. Implications: This research may provide a new lens for sport organizations to assess their current policies which guide (student)athlete development, including mental health and equity, diversity, and inclusion for both sex and gender diverse athletes. This may also provide direction towards the creation of trauma informed prevention in lieu of crisis responses to matters related to sexual health, including sexual violence, consent, power, and sexually transmitted blood borne infections (STBBIs). Keywords: sexual health education (SHE), sport, social hygiene, eugenics, poststructuralism, Foucauldian Discourse Analysis (FDA), biopsychosocial (BPS) approach

Space weather events can have damaging effects on ground-based infrastructure. Geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) caused by rapid magnetic field fluctuations during geomagnetic storms can negatively affect power networks, railways as well as navigation systems. To reduce such negative impacts, good forecasting capability is essential. In this study we assess the performance of contemporary magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) models in predicting the external-only ground magnetic field perturbations at three United Kingdom observatories during two severe space weather events: September 2017 and March 2015. Simulated magnetic data were acquired via Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC), using the following models: Space Weather Modeling Framework (SWMF), Open Geospace General Circulation Model (Open GGCM) and Lyon–Fedder–Mobarry (LFM) combined with the Rice Convection Model (RCM). All simulations use spacecraft measurements at L1 as their solar wind input in calculating ground perturbations. Qualitative and quantitative comparison between measured and modelled values suggest that the performance of MHD models vary with latitude, the magnetic component and the characteristics of the storm analysed. Most models tend to exaggerate the magnitude of disturbances at lower latitudes but better capture the fluctuations at the highest latitude. For the two storms investigated, the addition of RCM tends to result in overestimation of the amplitude of ground perturbations. The observed data-model discrepancies most likely arise due to the many approximations required in MHD modelling, such as simplified solar wind input or shift in location of the electrojets in the simulated magnetospheric and ionospheric currents. It was found that no model performs consistently better than any other, implying that each simulation forecasts different aspects of ground perturbations with varying level of accuracy. Ultimately, the decision of which model is most suitable depends on specific nee

The dependability of the power infrastructure is ensured by established testing practices. However, these practices do not address new stability phenomena or issues arising from cyber-physical interactions through increasingly digitalized control technologies. With the above-described challenges and developments, the complexity of test planning and scoping is vastly increased. The proposed framework focuses on facilitating complex cyber-physical system tests. This work has been developed by a group of researchers, members of the IEA TCP ISGAN - SIRFN, as part of their efforts to enhance the close collaboration among international test facilities and identifies potential activities for future application and standardization of Smart Grid. In this context, the contributions from the members are acknowledged. The Power System Testing task is a technical project of the IEA TCP ISGAN – SIRFN to facilitate and accelerate the roll-out of renewables and the digital transformation of critical cyber-physical power system infrastructure.

SIRFN's vision is to accelerate progress and pave the way for the global deployment of renewable energy and smart grids, in conjunction with joint global activities of research facilities, application & standardization.

Background: Rooted in origins of eugenics, sexual health education (SHE) originated as social hygiene to culturally maintain and mainstream Christian purity ideology through character-building spaces such as sport, recreation, and physical activity (Ferguson, 1891; Snow, 1916). Aim: This exploratory study sought to understand the ways sport acts as a pathway for sexual health education (SHE) from the perspective of high-performance student-athletes. Methods: Through semi-structured interviews and open-ended questions, nine former and current student-athletes (3 women; 6 men) were recruited to talk about their experiences and knowledge about SHE within a sports context. The analysis of the narratives involved Willig’s 6-step guide to Foucauldian Discourse Analysis (FDA). Discourses were analyzed through a biopsychosocial (BPS) approach, which recognizes the interconnectivity and holistic value of SHE as more than biomedical. Results: Three discursive themes were identified: 1) Biomedical, 2) Win At all Costs Mentality, and 3) Sexual Activity. These were supported by discourses such biological binarism, menstruation, winning at all costs, casual sexual activity, and sexual abuse, some of which aligned with SHE curricula objectives as outlined by the Manitoba and Ontario curriculum. Implications: This research may provide a new lens for sport organizations to assess their current policies which guide (student)athlete development, including mental health and equity, diversity, and inclusion for both sex and gender diverse athletes. This may also provide direction towards the creation of trauma informed prevention in lieu of crisis responses to matters related to sexual health, including sexual violence, consent, power, and sexually transmitted blood borne infections (STBBIs). Keywords: sexual health education (SHE), sport, social hygiene, eugenics, poststructuralism, Foucauldian Discourse Analysis (FDA), biopsychosocial (BPS) approach

Background: Rooted in origins of eugenics, sexual health education (SHE) originated as social hygiene to culturally maintain and mainstream Christian purity ideology through character-building spaces such as sport, recreation, and physical activity (Ferguson, 1891; Snow, 1916). Aim: This exploratory study sought to understand the ways sport acts as a pathway for sexual health education (SHE) from the perspective of high-performance student-athletes. Methods: Through semi-structured interviews and open-ended questions, nine former and current student-athletes (3 women; 6 men) were recruited to talk about their experiences and knowledge about SHE within a sports context. The analysis of the narratives involved Willig’s 6-step guide to Foucauldian Discourse Analysis (FDA). Discourses were analyzed through a biopsychosocial (BPS) approach, which recognizes the interconnectivity and holistic value of SHE as more than biomedical. Results: Three discursive themes were identified: 1) Biomedical, 2) Win At all Costs Mentality, and 3) Sexual Activity. These were supported by discourses such biological binarism, menstruation, winning at all costs, casual sexual activity, and sexual abuse, some of which aligned with SHE curricula objectives as outlined by the Manitoba and Ontario curriculum. Implications: This research may provide a new lens for sport organizations to assess their current policies which guide (student)athlete development, including mental health and equity, diversity, and inclusion for both sex and gender diverse athletes. This may also provide direction towards the creation of trauma informed prevention in lieu of crisis responses to matters related to sexual health, including sexual violence, consent, power, and sexually transmitted blood borne infections (STBBIs). Keywords: sexual health education (SHE), sport, social hygiene, eugenics, poststructuralism, Foucauldian Discourse Analysis (FDA), biopsychosocial (BPS) approach

Concussions can have daunting and relentless consequences. They are relatively common in sport, especially football (Kontos et al., 2004; Mack et al., 2021). Many concussions occur annually in sport; thus, research surrounding concussion prevention is imperative (Schweizer & Baker, 2022). One way to prevent concussions is to implement rules that make the game safer for the players. However, people, particularly fans may differ in their willingness to support such rule changes. Research suggests that empathy motivates individuals to engage in prosocial health behaviours (Masten et al., 2011). The aim of my research was to determine if fans are more supportive of concussion preventative rule changes if they feel more empathic toward athletes suffering from concussions. I conducted two studies to test the association between empathy and support for these rule changes. Study 1 tested a correlational relationship between National Football League (NFL) fans’ support for concussion preventative rule changes and their levels of empathy. The results supported the hypothesis that there was a positive correlation between support for rule changes and empathy. A second study was conducted to further explore the causal relationship between empathy and support for rule changes. Study 2 was an experimental study in which fans indicated their levels of support for concussion preventative rule changes in the NFL. However, prior to making these ratings, some participants read a scenario of an athlete who had suffered a concussion while following empathy-inducing instructions (empathy condition), some read the scenario while being instructed to keep an objective focus (objective condition), some read the scenario without any prior instructions (no instruction condition), and some did not read any scenario (control condition). The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the four groups on levels of support for the rule changes. However, through an e

Verbal aggression toward officials in hockey is a problem. Parents are generally thought to be perpetrators of much of this verbal aggression. Obsessive passion toward being a hockey parent may be a reason for referee abuse. Obsessive passion, as defined in the dualistic model of passion, has been shown to predict various maladaptive outcomes, of which verbal aggression toward referees may be one. In line with the need-density hypothesis, obsessive passion may be a result of unmet needs in general which are instead met within the activity of being a hockey parent. Relying on basic need satisfaction theory, the need-density hypothesis, and the dualistic model of passion, this study examined the relationships between unmet needs inside and outside of the activity of being a hockey parent and obsessive passion, as well as the relationship between obsessive passion and verbal aggression toward officials. I distributed an online survey to Canadian hockey parents (N = 941; 75% female, Mage = 41.8 years, SD = 6.2 years) that asked them about their psychological needs met in general and needs met by being a hockey parent, level of obsessive passion, and verbal aggression toward officials. Path analysis was used to examine the relationships among the variables. I found that obsessive passion strongly predicted verbal aggression toward officials (b = .506, p < .001), and that obsessive passion was negatively associated with needs met in general (b =- .172, p <.001) and had no relationship with needs met while being a hockey parent (b = .004, p = .902). Finding no relationship between needs met by being a hockey parent and obsessive passion contradicts findings by other authors on the compensatory nature of obsessive passion. These findings enhance our understanding of both the role of obsessive passion in hockey parenting and the antecedents of verbal aggression toward officials.

Concussions can have daunting and relentless consequences. They are relatively common in sport, especially football (Kontos et al., 2004; Mack et al., 2021). Many concussions occur annually in sport; thus, research surrounding concussion prevention is imperative (Schweizer & Baker, 2022). One way to prevent concussions is to implement rules that make the game safer for the players. However, people, particularly fans may differ in their willingness to support such rule changes. Research suggests that empathy motivates individuals to engage in prosocial health behaviours (Masten et al., 2011). The aim of my research was to determine if fans are more supportive of concussion preventative rule changes if they feel more empathic toward athletes suffering from concussions. I conducted two studies to test the association between empathy and support for these rule changes. Study 1 tested a correlational relationship between National Football League (NFL) fans’ support for concussion preventative rule changes and their levels of empathy. The results supported the hypothesis that there was a positive correlation between support for rule changes and empathy. A second study was conducted to further explore the causal relationship between empathy and support for rule changes. Study 2 was an experimental study in which fans indicated their levels of support for concussion preventative rule changes in the NFL. However, prior to making these ratings, some participants read a scenario of an athlete who had suffered a concussion while following empathy-inducing instructions (empathy condition), some read the scenario while being instructed to keep an objective focus (objective condition), some read the scenario without any prior instructions (no instruction condition), and some did not read any scenario (control condition). The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the four groups on levels of support for the rule changes. However, through an e

Verbal aggression toward officials in hockey is a problem. Parents are generally thought to be perpetrators of much of this verbal aggression. Obsessive passion toward being a hockey parent may be a reason for referee abuse. Obsessive passion, as defined in the dualistic model of passion, has been shown to predict various maladaptive outcomes, of which verbal aggression toward referees may be one. In line with the need-density hypothesis, obsessive passion may be a result of unmet needs in general which are instead met within the activity of being a hockey parent. Relying on basic need satisfaction theory, the need-density hypothesis, and the dualistic model of passion, this study examined the relationships between unmet needs inside and outside of the activity of being a hockey parent and obsessive passion, as well as the relationship between obsessive passion and verbal aggression toward officials. I distributed an online survey to Canadian hockey parents (N = 941; 75% female, Mage = 41.8 years, SD = 6.2 years) that asked them about their psychological needs met in general and needs met by being a hockey parent, level of obsessive passion, and verbal aggression toward officials. Path analysis was used to examine the relationships among the variables. I found that obsessive passion strongly predicted verbal aggression toward officials (b = .506, p < .001), and that obsessive passion was negatively associated with needs met in general (b =- .172, p <.001) and had no relationship with needs met while being a hockey parent (b = .004, p = .902). Finding no relationship between needs met by being a hockey parent and obsessive passion contradicts findings by other authors on the compensatory nature of obsessive passion. These findings enhance our understanding of both the role of obsessive passion in hockey parenting and the antecedents of verbal aggression toward officials.

Rapid Access Ice Drill is a new drilling technology capable of quickly accessing the glacial bed of Antarctic ice sheets, retrieving ice core and rock core samples, and providing boreholes for downhole logging of physical properties. Scientific goals include searching for old ice near the glacial bed and sampling subglacial bedrock. During field trials near McMurdo Station on a piedmont glacier at Minna Bluff in the 2019–20 austral summer, we successfully completed a ‘top-to-bottom’ operational sequence in three boreholes by (1) augering through firn, (2) creating a borehole packer seal in non-porous ice, (3) establishing fluid circulation, (4) quickly drilling a borehole in ice at penetration rates up to 1.2 m min−1, (5) acquiring a short ice core at depth, (6) penetrating the glacial bed at a depth of ~677 m, (7) recovering a 3.2 m core of ice, basal till and subglacial bedrock, (8) optically logging the borehole on wireline, (9) testing hydrofracture potential by overpressuring the borehole fluid and (10) operating in an environmentally benign yet rapid field mode. Minna Bluff testing, therefore, demonstrates the effectiveness of this integrated system to drill rapidly through thick ice and penetrate across the glacial bed to take cores of bedrock.

Waiting time distributions allow us to distinguish at least three different types of dynamical systems, such as (i) linear random processes (with no memory); (ii) nonlinear, avalanche-type, nonstationary Poisson processes (with memory during the exponential growth of the avalanche rise time); and (iii) chaotic systems in the state of a nonlinear limit cycle (with memory during the oscillatory phase). We describe the temporal evolution of the flare rate $\lambda(t) \propto t^p$ with a polynomial function, which allows us to distinguish linear ($p \approx 1$) from nonlinear ($p \gapprox 2$) events. The power law slopes $\alpha$ of observed waiting times (with full solar cycle coverage) cover a range of $\alpha=2.1-2.4$, which agrees well with our prediction of $\alpha = 2.0+1/p = 2.3-2.5$. The memory time can also be defined with the time evolution of the logistic equation, for which we find a relationship between the nonlinear growth time $\tau_G = \tau_{rise}/(4p)$ and the nonlinearity index $p$. We find a nonlinear evolution for most events, in particular for the clustering of solar flares ($p=2.2\pm0.1$), partially occulted flare events ($p=1.8\pm0.2$), and the solar dynamo ($p=2.8\pm0.5$). The Sun exhibits memory on time scales of $\lapprox$2 hours to 3 days (for solar flare clustering), 6 to 23 days (for partially occulted flare events), and 1.5 month to 1 year (for the rise time of the solar dynamo)., Comment: 11 pages, 1 Table, 5 Figures

In this study we aim for a deeper understanding of the power law slope, $\alpha$, of waiting time distributions. Statistically independent events with linear behavior can be characterized by binomial, Gaussian, exponential, or Poissonian size distribution functions. In contrast, physical processes with nonlinear behavior exhibit spatio-temporal coherence (or memory) and "fat tails" in their size distributions that fit power law-like functions, as a consequence of the time variability of the mean event rate, as demonstrated by means of Bayesian block decomposition in the work of Wheatland et al.~(1998). In this study we conduct numerical simulations of waiting time distributions $N(\tau)$ in a large parameter space for various (polynomial, sinusoidal, Gaussian) event rate functions $\lambda(t)$, parameterized with an exponent $p$ that expresses the degree of the polynomial function $\lambda(t) \propto t^p$. We derive an analytical exact solution of the waiting time distribution function in terms of the incomplete gamma function, which is similar to a Pareto type-II function and has a power law slope of $\alpha = 2 + 1/p$, in the asymptotic limit of large waiting times. Numerically simulated random distributions reproduce this theoretical prediction accurately. Numerical simulations in the nonlinear regime ($p \ge 2$) predict power law slopes in the range of $2.0 \le \alpha \le 2.5$. The self-organized criticality model yields a prediction of $\alpha=2$. Observations of solar flares and coronal mass ejections (over at least a half solar cycle) are found in the range of $\alpha_{obs} \approx 2.1-2.4$. Deviations from strict power law functions are expected due to the variability of the flare event rate $\lambda(t)$, and deviations from theoretically predicted slope values $\alpha$ occur due to the Poissonian weighting bias of power law fits., Comment: 14 pages, 7 Figures

We explore the tail of various waiting time datasets of processes that follow a nonstationary Poisson distribution with a sinusoidal driver. Analytically, we find that the distribution of large waiting times of such processes can be described using a power law slope of -2.5. We show that this result applies more broadly to any nonstationary Poisson process driven periodically. Examples of such processes include solar flares, coronal mass ejections, geomagnetic storms, and substorms. We also discuss how the power law specifically relates to the behavior of driver near its minima.

Rapid Access Ice Drill is a new drilling technology capable of quickly accessing the glacial bed of Antarctic ice sheets, retrieving ice core and rock core samples, and providing boreholes for downhole logging of physical properties. Scientific goals include searching for old ice near the glacial bed and sampling subglacial bedrock. During field trials near McMurdo Station on a piedmont glacier at Minna Bluff in the 2019–20 austral summer, we successfully completed a ‘top-to-bottom’ operational sequence in three boreholes by (1) augering through firn, (2) creating a borehole packer seal in non-porous ice, (3) establishing fluid circulation, (4) quickly drilling a borehole in ice at penetration rates up to 1.2 m min−1, (5) acquiring a short ice core at depth, (6) penetrating the glacial bed at a depth of ~677 m, (7) recovering a 3.2 m core of ice, basal till and subglacial bedrock, (8) optically logging the borehole on wireline, (9) testing hydrofracture potential by overpressuring the borehole fluid and (10) operating in an environmentally benign yet rapid field mode. Minna Bluff testing, therefore, demonstrates the effectiveness of this integrated system to drill rapidly through thick ice and penetrate across the glacial bed to take cores of bedrock.

The purpose of this study was to examine how the use of mHealth technologies by lay individuals influenced their relationships with their doctors in the context of consumer cultures. Ten individuals living in Winnipeg, Canada who used varying mHealth technologies ranging from fitness devices, thermometers and cardiovascular monitoring devices for personal health monitoring were interviewed. Using reflexive sociological interviewing, the participants were engaged in conversations on health, their use of their devices, and their relations with their doctors. The interviews were conducted via Zoom Video conferencing between September to November 2020 and audio recorded using the audio recording function on Zoom. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and coded using the NVIVO software. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The central themes that emerged from the interviews are the monitored life; consumerism in health; mHealth, health decisions and doctors; interpersonal doctor-patient relationships. The themes were interpreted using existing literature, Foucault’s concept of biopower and Lupton’s digital cyborg assemblage. Participants could be identified as consumer-patients who used mHealth technologies to gain knowledge on their bodies and health. The knowledge gained is specific and unique to participants’ health needs which they use to practice health and self-care individually or with assistance from their doctors. With this, mHealth technologies influence doctor-patient relationships such that patients partner with doctors in diagnosing and treatment. However, depending on the social location, patients may either be passive patients or consumer patients during medical encounters. These findings contribute to the existing literature on the use of mHealth technologies and consumerism in doctor-patient relationships.

Business Improvement Area (BIA) organizations have evolved over the past 40 years and are now prevalent in Canada and worldwide. These organizations bring community stakeholders, partners, and members together to enhance a designated area in a specific region (TABIA, 2020). BIA organizations can range in size, budget, and focus depending on the community's needs (BIABC, 2020). BIA organizations pursue various initiatives, including capital improvements, enhancing the appearance, safety, and facilitating events that highlight the unique attributes of an area and bring people to the community (Giraldi, 2009). This study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. An exploratory sequential mixed-method approach was used to explore how BIA organizations use events to enhance engage customers through hosting events and use social media to interact with customers. The events studied were produced prior to the pandemic. The thematic analysis provided insight into the BIA organization's perspective on how events are used to interact with customers and how social media is used during event production. The study used descriptive statistics, social network analysis, and content analysis to conduct social media analysis to validate the responses found in the interviews (Creswell, 2012). The findings confirmed that BIA organizations believe events and social media engagement can help foster relationships with customers. The research displays the importance of creating a partnership with community stakeholders and governments during event production. The findings suggest BIA organizations may not be using social media to it’s fullest potential and may have a simplistic view of customer engagement.

in this quasi-postmodern stream of consciousness, this mock, avant-garde document, the author waddles through the labyrinth of the paradigmatic parameters for the sake of onto-epistemological clarity (post-Truth) only to end up in an abstract position of cognitive dissonance with unending questions about what it means to exist. an aporia-ridden, pseudointellectual, philosophic melodrama. “Can one live it?”

The origins of this volume go back to the year 2015, when De Gruyter invited us to think about a Handbook that would cover the field of discourse research and religion in an interdisciplinary way. We were torn between two different responses: On the one hand, producing a handbook for a certain field of research means that enough knowledge, theory, and method has been accumulated to sit down and put it all together in an integrative way. So we were thrilled to have the opportunity of doing exactly this with an established press. But then there was hesitation on our side too: Isn’t the genre of a handbook itself something that discourse research should critically address? Handbooks – very much like encyclopedias (Sullivan 1990; von Stuckrad 2005) – are tools (or, as some discourse theorists would say, ‘dispositives’) that present knowledge in a normative way; they pretend to provide the ‘standard’ interpretation and view of a certain field, which should be used in classrooms and should be considered state of the art. They tend to come with a closing vocabulary, not an opening one; the very genre pretends to have all the answers, instead of asking questions that may stimulate interesting debates and reflections. How should we position ourselves between these two responses?

Waiting time distributions allow us to distinguish at least three different types of dynamical systems, such as (i) linear random processes (with no memory); (ii) nonlinear, avalanche-type, nonstationary Poisson processes (with memory during the exponential growth of the avalanche rise time); and (iii) chaotic systems in the state of a nonlinear limit cycle (with memory during the oscillatory phase). We describe the temporal evolution of the flare rate $\lambda(t) \propto t^p$ with a polynomial function, which allows us to distinguish linear ($p \approx 1$) from nonlinear ($p \gapprox 2$) events. The power law slopes $\alpha$ of observed waiting times (with full solar cycle coverage) cover a range of $\alpha=2.1-2.4$, which agrees well with our prediction of $\alpha = 2.0+1/p = 2.3-2.5$. The memory time can also be defined with the time evolution of the logistic equation, for which we find a relationship between the nonlinear growth time $\tau_G = \tau_{rise}/(4p)$ and the nonlinearity index $p$. We find a nonlinear evolution for most events, in particular for the clustering of solar flares ($p=2.2\pm0.1$), partially occulted flare events ($p=1.8\pm0.2$), and the solar dynamo ($p=2.8\pm0.5$). The Sun exhibits memory on time scales of $\lapprox$2 hours to 3 days (for solar flare clustering), 6 to 23 days (for partially occulted flare events), and 1.5 month to 1 year (for the rise time of the solar dynamo)., Comment: 11 pages, 1 Table, 5 Figures

In this study we aim for a deeper understanding of the power law slope, $\alpha$, of waiting time distributions. Statistically independent events with linear behavior can be characterized by binomial, Gaussian, exponential, or Poissonian size distribution functions. In contrast, physical processes with nonlinear behavior exhibit spatio-temporal coherence (or memory) and "fat tails" in their size distributions that fit power law-like functions, as a consequence of the time variability of the mean event rate, as demonstrated by means of Bayesian block decomposition in the work of Wheatland et al.~(1998). In this study we conduct numerical simulations of waiting time distributions $N(\tau)$ in a large parameter space for various (polynomial, sinusoidal, Gaussian) event rate functions $\lambda(t)$, parameterized with an exponent $p$ that expresses the degree of the polynomial function $\lambda(t) \propto t^p$. We derive an analytical exact solution of the waiting time distribution function in terms of the incomplete gamma function, which is similar to a Pareto type-II function and has a power law slope of $\alpha = 2 + 1/p$, in the asymptotic limit of large waiting times. Numerically simulated random distributions reproduce this theoretical prediction accurately. Numerical simulations in the nonlinear regime ($p \ge 2$) predict power law slopes in the range of $2.0 \le \alpha \le 2.5$. The self-organized criticality model yields a prediction of $\alpha=2$. Observations of solar flares and coronal mass ejections (over at least a half solar cycle) are found in the range of $\alpha_{obs} \approx 2.1-2.4$. Deviations from strict power law functions are expected due to the variability of the flare event rate $\lambda(t)$, and deviations from theoretically predicted slope values $\alpha$ occur due to the Poissonian weighting bias of power law fits., Comment: 14 pages, 7 Figures

We explore the tail of various waiting time datasets of processes that follow a nonstationary Poisson distribution with a sinusoidal driver. Analytically, we find that the distribution of large waiting times of such processes can be described using a power law slope of -2.5. We show that this result applies more broadly to any nonstationary Poisson process driven periodically. Examples of such processes include solar flares, coronal mass ejections, geomagnetic storms, and substorms. We also discuss how the power law specifically relates to the behavior of driver near its minima.

The purpose of this study was to examine how the use of mHealth technologies by lay individuals influenced their relationships with their doctors in the context of consumer cultures. Ten individuals living in Winnipeg, Canada who used varying mHealth technologies ranging from fitness devices, thermometers and cardiovascular monitoring devices for personal health monitoring were interviewed. Using reflexive sociological interviewing, the participants were engaged in conversations on health, their use of their devices, and their relations with their doctors. The interviews were conducted via Zoom Video conferencing between September to November 2020 and audio recorded using the audio recording function on Zoom. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and coded using the NVIVO software. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The central themes that emerged from the interviews are the monitored life; consumerism in health; mHealth, health decisions and doctors; interpersonal doctor-patient relationships. The themes were interpreted using existing literature, Foucault’s concept of biopower and Lupton’s digital cyborg assemblage. Participants could be identified as consumer-patients who used mHealth technologies to gain knowledge on their bodies and health. The knowledge gained is specific and unique to participants’ health needs which they use to practice health and self-care individually or with assistance from their doctors. With this, mHealth technologies influence doctor-patient relationships such that patients partner with doctors in diagnosing and treatment. However, depending on the social location, patients may either be passive patients or consumer patients during medical encounters. These findings contribute to the existing literature on the use of mHealth technologies and consumerism in doctor-patient relationships.

Business Improvement Area (BIA) organizations have evolved over the past 40 years and are now prevalent in Canada and worldwide. These organizations bring community stakeholders, partners, and members together to enhance a designated area in a specific region (TABIA, 2020). BIA organizations can range in size, budget, and focus depending on the community's needs (BIABC, 2020). BIA organizations pursue various initiatives, including capital improvements, enhancing the appearance, safety, and facilitating events that highlight the unique attributes of an area and bring people to the community (Giraldi, 2009). This study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. An exploratory sequential mixed-method approach was used to explore how BIA organizations use events to enhance engage customers through hosting events and use social media to interact with customers. The events studied were produced prior to the pandemic. The thematic analysis provided insight into the BIA organization's perspective on how events are used to interact with customers and how social media is used during event production. The study used descriptive statistics, social network analysis, and content analysis to conduct social media analysis to validate the responses found in the interviews (Creswell, 2012). The findings confirmed that BIA organizations believe events and social media engagement can help foster relationships with customers. The research displays the importance of creating a partnership with community stakeholders and governments during event production. The findings suggest BIA organizations may not be using social media to it’s fullest potential and may have a simplistic view of customer engagement.

in this quasi-postmodern stream of consciousness, this mock, avant-garde document, the author waddles through the labyrinth of the paradigmatic parameters for the sake of onto-epistemological clarity (post-Truth) only to end up in an abstract position of cognitive dissonance with unending questions about what it means to exist. an aporia-ridden, pseudointellectual, philosophic melodrama. “Can one live it?”

in this quasi-postmodern stream of consciousness, this mock, avant-garde document, the author waddles through the labyrinth of the paradigmatic parameters for the sake of onto-epistemological clarity (post-Truth) only to end up in an abstract position of cognitive dissonance with unending questions about what it means to exist. an aporia-ridden, pseudointellectual, philosophic melodrama. “Can one live it?”

An acoustic resonator was used to measure the low-frequency (1-5 kHz) effective acoustic properties of the leaf blades of two Mediterranean seagrass species (Posidonia oceanica and Cymodocea nodosa). Variability along blades was assessed by measuring the effective change in sound speed per gram blade biomass of the basal and apical halves of P. oceanica leaves separately (−11 and −1.5 m s−1 g−1, respectively). Large differences in the effective sound speed per unit biomass between P. oceanica and C. nodosa (43-52 m s−1 g−1 larger for C. nodosa) are discussed using microscopic imagery of blade cross-sections., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Opportunities, challenges and recommended targeted actions to accelerate qualitative data sharing to address complex socio-environmental problems Socio-environmental synthesis as a research approach contributes to broader sustainability policy and practice by reusing data from disparate disciplines in innovative ways. Synthesizing diverse data sources and types of evidence can help to better conceptualize, investigate and address increasingly complex socio-environmental problems. However, sharing qualitative data for re-use remains uncommon when compared to sharing quantitative data. We argue that qualitative data present untapped opportunities for sustainability science, and discuss practical pathways to facilitate and realize the benefits from sharing and reusing qualitative data. However, these opportunities and benefits are also hindered by practical, ethical and epistemological challenges. To address these challenges and accelerate qualitative data sharing, we outline enabling conditions and suggest actions for researchers, institutions, funders, data repository managers and publishers.

The integration of smart grid technologies in interconnected power system networks presents multiple challenges for the power industry and the scientific community. To address these challenges, researchers are creating new methods for the validation of: control, interoperability, reliability of Internet of Things systems, distributed energy resources, modern power equipment for applications covering power system stability, operation, control, and cybersecurity. Novel methods for laboratory testing of electrical power systems incorporate novel simulation techniques spanning real-time simulation, Power Hardware-in-the-Loop, Controller Hardware-in-the-Loop, Power System-in-the-Loop, and co-simulation technologies. These methods directly support the acceleration of electrical systems and power electronics component research by validating technological solutions in high-fidelity environments. In this paper, members of the Survey of Smart Grid International Research Facility Network task on Advanced Laboratory Testing Methods present a review of methods, test procedures, studies, and experiences employing advanced laboratory techniques for validation of range of research and development prototypes and novel power system solutions.

Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) equipped with standardized, interoperable, grid-support functionality have the capability to provide a range of services for power system operators. These requirements have been recently codified in the 2018 revision of the American DER interconnection and interoperability standard, IEEE Std. 1547, as well as the revised Canadian interconnection standard, CSA C22.3 No. 9. Currently, the IEEE standards committee is drafting a new revision of the IEEE Std. 1547.1 test standard, which outlines the test procedures for certifying equipment compliant to IEEE Std. 1547. In addition, it is often referenced as a test standard in CSA C22.3 No. 9. This draft test standard has not been fully exercised yet to identify mistakes, redundancies, and/or implementation challenges. In this work, an international community of research laboratories developed open-source IEEE Std. 1547.1 test scripts. The scripts are used to evaluate grid-support functions – such as constant-power-factor, volt-var, volt-watt, and frequency-watt functions – of several DER devices to the draft standard, EEE1547.1. Sample test results are presented and discussed, and recommendations are offered to improve the draft standard during the balloting process.

Initiated in 2010, the Indigenous Youth Mentorship Program (IYMP) is an after-school program, which focuses on living a healthy life through physical activity, healthy eating, relationship building, and culture. The program is overseen by Young Adult Health Leaders (YAHLs) and Indigenous mentors ranging from grades 7-12 who mentor Indigenous mentees (elementary-aged students). This program is designed to improve the wholistic health (emotional, physical, mental, and spiritual) of Indigenous youth through physical activity and games, healthy snacks, and relationship building. My research explored the following questions: how does the mentorship program (IYMP) promote mino-pimatisiwin amongst all levels of participants and how does IYMP help participants live life in a good way wholistically? Using semi-structured interviews as my approach to generate stories and knowledge, I explored how IYMP participants in Thompson, Manitoba lived in mino-pimatisiwin in mentorship and if and how mentorship contributed to living their lives in a good way. Using the interviews as a guide, I worked with the participants, also known as co-researchers, to create two stories: the story of the YAHL and the story of the mentor. A symbol of a blue wapikwani (flower) was created to show the many connections between mentorship, mino-pimatisiwin/mino-bimaadiziwin, and the medicine wheel. I believe that my study contributes to moving forward in reconciliation as I am sharing the stories of Indigenous community members and Indigenous youth. These stories can be shared with the next generation of program participants and can help in reclaiming our Indigenous culture and traditional knowledge systems. The stories and research shared also contribute to moving physical activity program analysis to a wholistic model that honors the participants’ physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual health

Prior research has noted that there can be gaps between the policies put forth by the government and the practices that Early Childhood Educators (ECEs) implement in Early Learning Child Care Centres (ELCCCs) (Dunst & Trivette, 2009; French-Lee & Dooley, 2015; Halbert, 2001; McFarland, Saunders & Allen, 2008). At the same time, prior research has also noted that positive guidance, as a pedagogical framework to managing behaviour, can pose barriers to implementation (McFarland et al., 2008). However, little is known about whether ECEs acknowledge the gap between positive guidance policies and what is practiced. To explore this topic, a qualitative study was conducted. Four ECEs (II and III) participated in a seven-question, electronic interview, which consisted of six open-ended questions and one question requiring a creative response. Participant responses were thematically analyzed and categorized. As a result, three themes emerged: The field of early childhood education, Comprehension of policies, and Managing behaviour. The themes, along with their corresponding subthemes, were represented utilizing a creative analytical approach.

Prior research has noted that there can be gaps between the policies put forth by the government and the practices that Early Childhood Educators (ECEs) implement in Early Learning Child Care Centres (ELCCCs) (Dunst & Trivette, 2009; French-Lee & Dooley, 2015; Halbert, 2001; McFarland, Saunders & Allen, 2008). At the same time, prior research has also noted that positive guidance, as a pedagogical framework to managing behaviour, can pose barriers to implementation (McFarland et al., 2008). However, little is known about whether ECEs acknowledge the gap between positive guidance policies and what is practiced. To explore this topic, a qualitative study was conducted. Four ECEs (II and III) participated in a seven-question, electronic interview, which consisted of six open-ended questions and one question requiring a creative response. Participant responses were thematically analyzed and categorized. As a result, three themes emerged: The field of early childhood education, Comprehension of policies, and Managing behaviour. The themes, along with their corresponding subthemes, were represented utilizing a creative analytical approach.

Initiated in 2010, the Indigenous Youth Mentorship Program (IYMP) is an after-school program, which focuses on living a healthy life through physical activity, healthy eating, relationship building, and culture. The program is overseen by Young Adult Health Leaders (YAHLs) and Indigenous mentors ranging from grades 7-12 who mentor Indigenous mentees (elementary-aged students). This program is designed to improve the wholistic health (emotional, physical, mental, and spiritual) of Indigenous youth through physical activity and games, healthy snacks, and relationship building. My research explored the following questions: how does the mentorship program (IYMP) promote mino-pimatisiwin amongst all levels of participants and how does IYMP help participants live life in a good way wholistically? Using semi-structured interviews as my approach to generate stories and knowledge, I explored how IYMP participants in Thompson, Manitoba lived in mino-pimatisiwin in mentorship and if and how mentorship contributed to living their lives in a good way. Using the interviews as a guide, I worked with the participants, also known as co-researchers, to create two stories: the story of the YAHL and the story of the mentor. A symbol of a blue wapikwani (flower) was created to show the many connections between mentorship, mino-pimatisiwin/mino-bimaadiziwin, and the medicine wheel. I believe that my study contributes to moving forward in reconciliation as I am sharing the stories of Indigenous community members and Indigenous youth. These stories can be shared with the next generation of program participants and can help in reclaiming our Indigenous culture and traditional knowledge systems. The stories and research shared also contribute to moving physical activity program analysis to a wholistic model that honors the participants’ physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual health

The use of World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)-banned substances is not limited to elite sport settings, but permeates all levels of sports, including amongst recreational gym users. The prevalence of recreational gym users in Canada who use WADA-banned substances is unknown, and few interventions have been implemented to attempt to decrease this usage. The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence of use of WADA-banned substances amongst recreational gym users exercising within the recreational facilities of a major Canadian university and determine if any risk factors identified in the research literature (including gender, body image, dietary supplements, age and sport type) contribute to the use of these substances by recreational gym users. This study also measures the participants’ attitudes toward WADA-banned substances and their knowledge about WADA-banned substances. Participants were 278 male and female recreational gym users who use the selected university’s recreational facilities. Each participant completed an online questionnaire containing questions about demographics, sport type, dietary supplement use, body dissatisfaction, and attitudes towards doping in sport (the Performance Enhancement Attitude Scale: PEAS, Petróczi, 2006). The data indicates that WADA-banned substances use is relatively high (13.7%) amongst recreational gym users. The results also indicate that males, participants who use nutritional supplements, participants who are not satisfied with their current body image, and participants who are in their mid-20s are more likely to take WADA-banned substances. Therefore, all risk factors including gender, body image, use of nutritional supplements, age and sport type indicate a positive relationship with doping behaviour. Participants’ knowledge of WADA-banned substances is low. The results of this study suggest administrators of recreational gyms need to be concerned about WADA-banned substance use by recreational gym users due to

The use of World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)-banned substances is not limited to elite sport settings, but permeates all levels of sports, including amongst recreational gym users. The prevalence of recreational gym users in Canada who use WADA-banned substances is unknown, and few interventions have been implemented to attempt to decrease this usage. The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence of use of WADA-banned substances amongst recreational gym users exercising within the recreational facilities of a major Canadian university and determine if any risk factors identified in the research literature (including gender, body image, dietary supplements, age and sport type) contribute to the use of these substances by recreational gym users. This study also measures the participants’ attitudes toward WADA-banned substances and their knowledge about WADA-banned substances. Participants were 278 male and female recreational gym users who use the selected university’s recreational facilities. Each participant completed an online questionnaire containing questions about demographics, sport type, dietary supplement use, body dissatisfaction, and attitudes towards doping in sport (the Performance Enhancement Attitude Scale: PEAS, Petróczi, 2006). The data indicates that WADA-banned substances use is relatively high (13.7%) amongst recreational gym users. The results also indicate that males, participants who use nutritional supplements, participants who are not satisfied with their current body image, and participants who are in their mid-20s are more likely to take WADA-banned substances. Therefore, all risk factors including gender, body image, use of nutritional supplements, age and sport type indicate a positive relationship with doping behaviour. Participants’ knowledge of WADA-banned substances is low. The results of this study suggest administrators of recreational gyms need to be concerned about WADA-banned substance use by recreational gym users due to

The integration of smart grid technologies in interconnected power system networks presents multiple challenges for the power industry and the scientific community. To address these challenges, researchers are creating new methods for the validation of: control, interoperability, reliability of Internet of Things systems, distributed energy resources, modern power equipment for applications covering power system stability, operation, control, and cybersecurity. Novel methods for laboratory testing of electrical power systems incorporate novel simulation techniques spanning real-time simulation, Power Hardware-in-the-Loop, Controller Hardware-in-the-Loop, Power System-in-the-Loop, and co-simulation technologies. These methods directly support the acceleration of electrical systems and power electronics component research by validating technological solutions in high-fidelity environments. In this paper, members of the Survey of Smart Grid International Research Facility Network task on Advanced Laboratory Testing Methods present a review of methods, test procedures, studies, and experiences employing advanced laboratory techniques for validation of range of research and development prototypes and novel power system solutions.

Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) equipped with standardized, interoperable, grid-support functionality have the capability to provide a range of services for power system operators. These requirements have been recently codified in the 2018 revision of the American DER interconnection and interoperability standard, IEEE Std. 1547, as well as the revised Canadian interconnection standard, CSA C22.3 No. 9. Currently, the IEEE standards committee is drafting a new revision of the IEEE Std. 1547.1 test standard, which outlines the test procedures for certifying equipment compliant to IEEE Std. 1547. In addition, it is often referenced as a test standard in CSA C22.3 No. 9. This draft test standard has not been fully exercised yet to identify mistakes, redundancies, and/or implementation challenges. In this work, an international community of research laboratories developed open-source IEEE Std. 1547.1 test scripts. The scripts are used to evaluate grid-support functions – such as constant-power-factor, volt-var, volt-watt, and frequency-watt functions – of several DER devices to the draft standard, EEE1547.1. Sample test results are presented and discussed, and recommendations are offered to improve the draft standard during the balloting process.

The integration of smart grid technologies in interconnected power system networks presents multiple challenges for the power industry and the scientific community. To address these challenges, researchers are creating new methods for the validation of: control, interoperability, reliability of Internet of Things systems, distributed energy resources, modern power equipment for applications covering power system stability, operation, control, and cybersecurity. Novel methods for laboratory testing of electrical power systems incorporate novel simulation techniques spanning real-time simulation, Power Hardware-in-the-Loop, Controller Hardware-in-the-Loop, Power System-in-the-Loop, and co-simulation technologies. These methods directly support the acceleration of electrical systems and power electronics component research by validating technological solutions in high-fidelity environments. In this paper, members of the Survey of Smart Grid International Research Facility Network task on Advanced Laboratory Testing Methods present a review of methods, test procedures, studies, and experiences employing advanced laboratory techniques for validation of range of research and development prototypes and novel power system solutions.

Prior research has noted that there can be gaps between the policies put forth by the government and the practices that Early Childhood Educators (ECEs) implement in Early Learning Child Care Centres (ELCCCs) (Dunst & Trivette, 2009; French-Lee & Dooley, 2015; Halbert, 2001; McFarland, Saunders & Allen, 2008). At the same time, prior research has also noted that positive guidance, as a pedagogical framework to managing behaviour, can pose barriers to implementation (McFarland et al., 2008). However, little is known about whether ECEs acknowledge the gap between positive guidance policies and what is practiced. To explore this topic, a qualitative study was conducted. Four ECEs (II and III) participated in a seven-question, electronic interview, which consisted of six open-ended questions and one question requiring a creative response. Participant responses were thematically analyzed and categorized. As a result, three themes emerged: The field of early childhood education, Comprehension of policies, and Managing behaviour. The themes, along with their corresponding subthemes, were represented utilizing a creative analytical approach.

Initiated in 2010, the Indigenous Youth Mentorship Program (IYMP) is an after-school program, which focuses on living a healthy life through physical activity, healthy eating, relationship building, and culture. The program is overseen by Young Adult Health Leaders (YAHLs) and Indigenous mentors ranging from grades 7-12 who mentor Indigenous mentees (elementary-aged students). This program is designed to improve the wholistic health (emotional, physical, mental, and spiritual) of Indigenous youth through physical activity and games, healthy snacks, and relationship building. My research explored the following questions: how does the mentorship program (IYMP) promote mino-pimatisiwin amongst all levels of participants and how does IYMP help participants live life in a good way wholistically? Using semi-structured interviews as my approach to generate stories and knowledge, I explored how IYMP participants in Thompson, Manitoba lived in mino-pimatisiwin in mentorship and if and how mentorship contributed to living their lives in a good way. Using the interviews as a guide, I worked with the participants, also known as co-researchers, to create two stories: the story of the YAHL and the story of the mentor. A symbol of a blue wapikwani (flower) was created to show the many connections between mentorship, mino-pimatisiwin/mino-bimaadiziwin, and the medicine wheel. I believe that my study contributes to moving forward in reconciliation as I am sharing the stories of Indigenous community members and Indigenous youth. These stories can be shared with the next generation of program participants and can help in reclaiming our Indigenous culture and traditional knowledge systems. The stories and research shared also contribute to moving physical activity program analysis to a wholistic model that honors the participants’ physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual health

The use of World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)-banned substances is not limited to elite sport settings, but permeates all levels of sports, including amongst recreational gym users. The prevalence of recreational gym users in Canada who use WADA-banned substances is unknown, and few interventions have been implemented to attempt to decrease this usage. The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence of use of WADA-banned substances amongst recreational gym users exercising within the recreational facilities of a major Canadian university and determine if any risk factors identified in the research literature (including gender, body image, dietary supplements, age and sport type) contribute to the use of these substances by recreational gym users. This study also measures the participants’ attitudes toward WADA-banned substances and their knowledge about WADA-banned substances. Participants were 278 male and female recreational gym users who use the selected university’s recreational facilities. Each participant completed an online questionnaire containing questions about demographics, sport type, dietary supplement use, body dissatisfaction, and attitudes towards doping in sport (the Performance Enhancement Attitude Scale: PEAS, Petróczi, 2006). The data indicates that WADA-banned substances use is relatively high (13.7%) amongst recreational gym users. The results also indicate that males, participants who use nutritional supplements, participants who are not satisfied with their current body image, and participants who are in their mid-20s are more likely to take WADA-banned substances. Therefore, all risk factors including gender, body image, use of nutritional supplements, age and sport type indicate a positive relationship with doping behaviour. Participants’ knowledge of WADA-banned substances is low. The results of this study suggest administrators of recreational gyms need to be concerned about WADA-banned substance use by recreational gym users due to

Prior research has noted that there can be gaps between the policies put forth by the government and the practices that Early Childhood Educators (ECEs) implement in Early Learning Child Care Centres (ELCCCs) (Dunst & Trivette, 2009; French-Lee & Dooley, 2015; Halbert, 2001; McFarland, Saunders & Allen, 2008). At the same time, prior research has also noted that positive guidance, as a pedagogical framework to managing behaviour, can pose barriers to implementation (McFarland et al., 2008). However, little is known about whether ECEs acknowledge the gap between positive guidance policies and what is practiced. To explore this topic, a qualitative study was conducted. Four ECEs (II and III) participated in a seven-question, electronic interview, which consisted of six open-ended questions and one question requiring a creative response. Participant responses were thematically analyzed and categorized. As a result, three themes emerged: The field of early childhood education, Comprehension of policies, and Managing behaviour. The themes, along with their corresponding subthemes, were represented utilizing a creative analytical approach.

Initiated in 2010, the Indigenous Youth Mentorship Program (IYMP) is an after-school program, which focuses on living a healthy life through physical activity, healthy eating, relationship building, and culture. The program is overseen by Young Adult Health Leaders (YAHLs) and Indigenous mentors ranging from grades 7-12 who mentor Indigenous mentees (elementary-aged students). This program is designed to improve the wholistic health (emotional, physical, mental, and spiritual) of Indigenous youth through physical activity and games, healthy snacks, and relationship building. My research explored the following questions: how does the mentorship program (IYMP) promote mino-pimatisiwin amongst all levels of participants and how does IYMP help participants live life in a good way wholistically? Using semi-structured interviews as my approach to generate stories and knowledge, I explored how IYMP participants in Thompson, Manitoba lived in mino-pimatisiwin in mentorship and if and how mentorship contributed to living their lives in a good way. Using the interviews as a guide, I worked with the participants, also known as co-researchers, to create two stories: the story of the YAHL and the story of the mentor. A symbol of a blue wapikwani (flower) was created to show the many connections between mentorship, mino-pimatisiwin/mino-bimaadiziwin, and the medicine wheel. I believe that my study contributes to moving forward in reconciliation as I am sharing the stories of Indigenous community members and Indigenous youth. These stories can be shared with the next generation of program participants and can help in reclaiming our Indigenous culture and traditional knowledge systems. The stories and research shared also contribute to moving physical activity program analysis to a wholistic model that honors the participants’ physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual health

The use of World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)-banned substances is not limited to elite sport settings, but permeates all levels of sports, including amongst recreational gym users. The prevalence of recreational gym users in Canada who use WADA-banned substances is unknown, and few interventions have been implemented to attempt to decrease this usage. The purpose of this study is to identify the prevalence of use of WADA-banned substances amongst recreational gym users exercising within the recreational facilities of a major Canadian university and determine if any risk factors identified in the research literature (including gender, body image, dietary supplements, age and sport type) contribute to the use of these substances by recreational gym users. This study also measures the participants’ attitudes toward WADA-banned substances and their knowledge about WADA-banned substances. Participants were 278 male and female recreational gym users who use the selected university’s recreational facilities. Each participant completed an online questionnaire containing questions about demographics, sport type, dietary supplement use, body dissatisfaction, and attitudes towards doping in sport (the Performance Enhancement Attitude Scale: PEAS, Petróczi, 2006). The data indicates that WADA-banned substances use is relatively high (13.7%) amongst recreational gym users. The results also indicate that males, participants who use nutritional supplements, participants who are not satisfied with their current body image, and participants who are in their mid-20s are more likely to take WADA-banned substances. Therefore, all risk factors including gender, body image, use of nutritional supplements, age and sport type indicate a positive relationship with doping behaviour. Participants’ knowledge of WADA-banned substances is low. The results of this study suggest administrators of recreational gyms need to be concerned about WADA-banned substance use by recreational gym users due to