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The aim of this study was to examine the availability of disaster equipment and measures for disaster prevention, response and recovery in some selected academic libraries in Gusau metropolis, Zamfara State, Nigeria. Survey research method was adopted for the study using questionnaire as the research instrument. 86 copies of the questionnaires were systematically distributed across the four selected academic libraries in the city and out of which 82 copies (95.34%) were filled, returned and found suitable for use. Thus, the data collected using the questionnaire were analysed using tables, frequency and percentage. The results of the analyzed data shows that thunder arrestor is the disaster prevention equipment with highest rate in the libraries 25 (30.4). this was closely followed by smoke detectors 24 (29.2) for detecting early sign of fire disaster; warning alarm systems 22 (26.8) for alerting any impending situation. Building inspection measures and other equipment such as photocopy machines and antiviruses software recorded 5(6.09) and 6(7.31) respectively. Close circuit television and disaster plan were absent in the libraries as they recorded no responses. the results also revealed that fire extinguishers and clearly marked exit doors are the equipment and measures available in all the libraries for disasters response as the items recorded maximum responses 82 (100%) each. However, there is uncertainty surrounding the availability of communication gadgets for effective communication during disaster as 34 (41.46%) respondents recorded that they are not aware of the existence of the gadgets. Evacuation team 2 (2.43%), water hose 9 (10.97%) and disaster fighting team 20 (24.39%) are equipment and measures with least availability in the libraries. Moreover, the results show that mops 82 (100%) and segregation technique 70(85.36%) are the two dominant measures of disaster recovery. Other measures and equipment were conspicuously absent in the libraries as

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado., Risk perception influences vulnerability to natural hazards in two key ways: 1) how an individual adapts to the risk, and 2) how a community responds and adjusts to these risks. Hence, risk perception plays a critical role in flood response and recovery policies for local communities. However, this perception variation among floodplain residents is not well understood, especially under varying flood threats. The research aimed to characterize how risk perceptions of varying flood threats diverged across groups of people living in floodplains and identify individuals' preferences for response and recovery actions. A household survey was conducted to determine residents' risk perceptions in the 1%- and 0.2% annual chance floodplain in Corvallis, OR. Contingency tables were used to evaluate relationships between respondents' sociodemographics, perceptions, and preferences for flood response and recovery actions. The results highlight that, even when households are exposed to similar threats of floodwater depths, survey respondents' risk perceptions and support for proposed response and recovery actions differed along sociodemographic lines. Understanding the nuanced relationships among socio-demographics, risk perceptions, and response and recovery actions can facilitate practical and better-informed approaches for community-relevant decision-making.

El texto completo de este trabajo no está disponible en el Repositorio Académico UPC por restricciones de la casa editorial donde ha sido publicado., Risk perception influences vulnerability to natural hazards in two key ways: 1) how an individual adapts to the risk, and 2) how a community responds and adjusts to these risks. Hence, risk perception plays a critical role in flood response and recovery policies for local communities. However, this perception variation among floodplain residents is not well understood, especially under varying flood threats. The research aimed to characterize how risk perceptions of varying flood threats diverged across groups of people living in floodplains and identify individuals' preferences for response and recovery actions. A household survey was conducted to determine residents' risk perceptions in the 1%- and 0.2% annual chance floodplain in Corvallis, OR. Contingency tables were used to evaluate relationships between respondents' sociodemographics, perceptions, and preferences for flood response and recovery actions. The results highlight that, even when households are exposed to similar threats of floodwater depths, survey respondents' risk perceptions and support for proposed response and recovery actions differed along sociodemographic lines. Understanding the nuanced relationships among socio-demographics, risk perceptions, and response and recovery actions can facilitate practical and better-informed approaches for community-relevant decision-making.

The state of fire service substance-testing policy nationwide, and what it should be, is the subject of this project. This thesis analyzed 12 substance-testing policies from fire departments across the country. The project looked at the language fire departments were using to convey the intent, process, and consequences of their policy. Common themes emerged as each policy was examined. However, upon closer examination, more inconsistency was found than uniformity. Differences ranged from policy purposes to prevailing guidance to types of substances tested for, threshold levels, and employee treatment, with the greatest difference found in the terminology. As a result of the analysis, this thesis identifies best practices and required components of a standardized national substance-testing policy, and asserts that such a national model should be implemented.

Background: Over application of phosphate fertilizers in modern agriculture contaminates waterways and disrupts natural ecosystems. Nevertheless, this is a common practice among farmers, especially in developing countries as abundant fertilizers are believed to boost crop yields. The study of plant phosphate metabolism and its underlying genetic pathways is key to discovering methods of efficient fertilizer usage. The work presented here describes a genome-wide resource on the molecular dynamics underpinning the response and recovery in roots and shoots of Arabidopsis thaliana to phosphate-starvation.Results: Genome-wide profiling by micro- and tiling-arrays (accessible from GEO: GSE34004) revealed minimal overlap between root and shoot transcriptomes suggesting two independent phosphate-starvation regulons. Novel gene expression patterns were detected for over 1000 candidates and were classified as either initial, persistent, or latent responders. Comparative analysis to AtGenExpress identified cohorts of genes co-regulated across multiple stimuli. The hormone ABA displayed a dominant role in regulating many phosphate-responsive candidates. Analysis of co-regulation enabled the determination of specific versus generic members of closely related gene families with respect to phosphate-starvation. Thus, among others, we showed that PHR1-regulated members of closely related phosphate-responsive families (PHT1;1, PHT1;7-9, SPX1-3, and PHO1;H1) display greater specificity to phosphate-starvation than their more generic counterparts. Conclusion: Our results uncover much larger, staged responses to phosphate-starvation than previously described. To our knowledge, this work describes the most complete genome-wide data on plant nutrient stress to-date. 2012 Woo et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

CHDS State/Local, The state of fire service substance-testing policy nationwide, and what it should be, is the subject of this project. This thesis analyzed 12 substance-testing policies from fire departments across the country. The project looked at the language fire departments were using to convey the intent, process, and consequences of their policy. Common themes emerged as each policy was examined. However, upon closer examination, more inconsistency was found than uniformity. Differences ranged from policy purposes to prevailing guidance to types of substances tested for, threshold levels, and employee treatment, with the greatest difference found in the terminology. As a result of the analysis, this thesis identifies best practices and required components of a standardized national substance-testing policy, and asserts that such a national model should be implemented., http://archive.org/details/substancetesting1094541430, Assistant Chief, Minneapolis Fire Department, Minneapolis, Minnesota