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This volume is a collection of contributions of a Florentine post congress symposium on "Primate Cytogenetics and Comparative Genomics" held on occasion of the XX International Primatological Congress (Turin in 2004). Comparative Molecular Cytogenetics and Genomics are two rapidly expanding fields. Researchers from Italy, Germany, Spain, United States and Japan meet in Florence to discuss over a two day period recent advances and summarize the current state of the science.

The book collects the works presented during the XII meeting of the Italian Group of Evolutionary Biology, held in Florence in February 2004. Evolutionary theories are illustrated with balance from different points of view (from the perspective of historians, zoologists, paleontologists, anthropologists, molecular biologists) in the light of some recent experimental and theoretical discoveries. The debate and the diversity of investigations demonstrate the validity and relevance of the study of biological evolution.

During the second half of the 20th Century he proved to be one of the most ardent defenders of the peoples of the Third World. This anthropological anthology brings together his last three cycles of lectures devoted to ethno-history and methods of work in the field. It is a journey to the heart of man, through the biological and above all cultural evolution of the species, as part of an educational project intended for the study of mankind.

In the spring of 1995, during works for the rehabilitation of a wall that closed the grotto of the Old Cemetery in the Sicilian village of Alia, the skeletal remains of the victims of the cholera outbreak of 1837 that had been rapidly interred here were brought to light. From that moment on, the Alia project was developed without interruption, analysing the biological evolution of the local population by exploiting study methods characteristic of different anthropological disciplines, such as skeletal biology, population genetics and biodemography. The book renders account of research completed and in progress carried out by academics from the Universities of Florence, Palermo, Parma, Cagliari, Turin and Göttingen., Nella primavera del 1995, durante i lavori di risanamento al muro che chiudeva la grotta del Cimitero Vecchio del paese siciliano di Alia, erano tornati alla luce i resti scheletrici delle vittime dell'epidemia di colera del 1837, qui frettolosamente inumati. Da quel momento il progetto Alia si è sviluppato senza sosta, analizzando l'evoluzione biologica della popolazione aliese mediante le metodologie di studio tipiche di differenti discipline antropologiche quali la biologia scheletrica, la genetica di popolazione, la biodemografia. Il volume dà conto delle ricerche condotte e in corso da parte di studiosi delle Università di Firenze, Palermo, Parma, Cagliari, Torino e Göttingen.