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Background With the continued spread of COVID-19 in the United States, identifying potential outbreaks before infected individuals cross the clinical threshold is key to allowing public health officials time to ensure local health care institutions are adequately prepared. In response to this need, researchers have developed participatory surveillance technologies that allow individuals to report emerging symptoms daily so that their data can be extrapolated and disseminated to local health care authorities. Objective This study uses a framework synthesis to evaluate existing self-reported symptom tracking programs in the United States for COVID-19 as an early-warning tool for probable clusters of infection. This in turn will inform decision makers and health care planners about these technologies and the usefulness of their information to aid in federal, state, and local efforts to mobilize effective current and future pandemic responses. Methods Programs were identified through keyword searches and snowball sampling, then screened for inclusion. A best fit framework was constructed for all programs that met the inclusion criteria by collating information collected from each into a table for easy comparison. Results We screened 8 programs; 6 were included in our final framework synthesis. We identified multiple common data elements, including demographic information like race, age, gender, and affiliation (all were associated with universities, medical schools, or schools of public health). Dissimilarities included collection of data regarding smoking status, mental well-being, and suspected exposure to COVID-19. Conclusions Several programs currently exist that track COVID-19 symptoms from participants on a semiregular basis. Coordination between symptom tracking program research teams and local and state authorities is currently lacking, presenting an opportunity for collaboration to avoid duplication of efforts and more comprehensive knowledge dissemination.

Background Early in the pandemic, in 2020, Koehlmoos et al completed a framework synthesis of currently available self-reported symptom tracking programs for COVID-19. This framework described relevant programs, partners and affiliates, funding, responses, platform, and intended audience, among other considerations. Objective This study seeks to update the existing framework with the aim of identifying developments in the landscape and highlighting how programs have adapted to changes in pandemic response. Methods Our team developed a framework to collate information on current COVID-19 self-reported symptom tracking programs using the “best-fit” framework synthesis approach. All programs from the previous study were included to document changes. New programs were discovered using a Google search for target keywords. The time frame for the search for programs ranged from March 1, 2021, to May 6, 2021. Results We screened 33 programs, of which 8 were included in our final framework synthesis. We identified multiple common data elements, including demographic information such as race, age, gender, and affiliation (all were associated with universities, medical schools, or schools of public health). Dissimilarities included questions regarding vaccination status, vaccine hesitancy, adherence to social distancing, COVID-19 testing, and mental health. Conclusions At this time, the future of self-reported symptom tracking for COVID-19 is unclear. Some sources have speculated that COVID-19 may become a yearly occurrence much like the flu, and if so, the data that these programs generate is still valuable. However, it is unclear whether the public will maintain the same level of interest in reporting their symptoms on a regular basis if the prevalence of COVID-19 becomes more common.

Background: The US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) has developed various health information technology (HIT) resources to provide accessible veteran-centered health care. Currently, the VA is undergoing a major reorganization of VA HIT to develop a fully integrated system to meet consumer needs. Although extensive system documentation exists for various VA HIT systems, a more centralized and integrated perspective with clear documentation is needed in order to support effective analysis, strategy, planning, and use. Such a tool would enable a novel view of what is currently available and support identifying and effectively capturing the consumer’s vision for the future. Objective: The objective of this study was to develop the VA HIT Systems Matrix, a novel tool designed to describe the existing VA HIT system and identify consumers’ vision for the future of an integrated VA HIT system. Methods: This study utilized an expert panel and veteran informant focus groups with self-administered surveys. The study employed participatory research methods to define the current system and understand how stakeholders and veterans envision the future of VA HIT and interface design (eg, look, feel, and function). Directed content analysis was used to analyze focus group data. Results: The HIT Systems Matrix was developed with input from 47 veterans, an informal caregiver, and an expert panel to provide a descriptive inventory of existing and emerging VA HIT in four worksheets: (1) access and function, (2) benefits and barriers, (3) system preferences, and (4) tasks. Within each worksheet is a two-axis inventory. The VA’s existing and emerging HIT platforms (eg, My HealtheVet, Mobile Health, VetLink Kiosks, Telehealth), My HealtheVet features (eg, Blue Button, secure messaging, appointment reminders, prescription refill, vet library, spotlight, vitals tracker), and non-VA platforms (eg, phone/mobile phone, texting, non-VA mobile apps, non-VA mobile electronic devices, non-VA websites) are organized by row. Columns are titled with thematic and functional domains (eg, access, function, benefits, barriers, authentication, delegation, user tasks). Cells for each sheet include descriptions and details that reflect factors relevant to domains and the topic of each worksheet. Conclusions: This study provides documentation of the current VA HIT system and efforts for consumers’ vision of an integrated system redesign. The HIT Systems Matrix provides a consumer preference blueprint to inform the current VA HIT system and the vision for future development to integrate electronic resources within VA and beyond with non-VA resources. The data presented in the HIT Systems Matrix are relevant for VA administrators and developers as well as other large health care organizations seeking to document and organize their consumer-facing HIT resources. [J Med Internet Res 2016;18(10):e266]

The information centre of the Emma Children's Hospital AMC (EKZ AMC) is a specialised information centre where paediatric patients and persons involved with the patient can ask questions about all aspects of disease and its social implications. The aim of the study was to evaluate the question-answer service of this information centre in order to determine the role of a specialised information centre in an academic children's hospital, identify the appropriate resources for the service and potential positive effects. For this purpose, a case management system was developed in MS ACCESS. The characteristics of the requester and the question, the time it took to answer questions, the information sources used and the extent to which we were able to answer the questions were registered. The costs of the service were determined. We analysed all questions that were asked in the year 2007. Fourteen hundred thirty-four questions were asked. Most questions were asked by parents (23.3%), healthcare workers (other than nurses; 16.5%) and nurses (15.3%). The scope of the most frequently asked questions include disease (20.2%) and treatment (13.0%). Information on paper was the main information source used. Most questions could be solved within 15 min. Twelve percent to 28% of total working hours are used for the question-answer service. Total costs including staff salary are rather large. In conclusions, taking over the task of providing additional medical information and by providing readily available, good quality information that healthcare professionals can use to inform their patients will lead to less time investment of these more expensive staff members. A specialised information service can anticipate on the information need of parents and persons involved with the paediatric patient. It improves information by providing with relatively simple resources that has the potential to improve patient and parent satisfaction, coping and medical results. A specialised information centre is therefore a valuable and affordable asset to an academic children's hospital.

Introduction: Given the role of personnel working in hospitals in promoting health, there is a clear need for a study to clarify the level of health literacy and affecting factors on it among the non medical and medical staffs working in hospitals. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was performed on 389 employees who were working in hospitals affiliated to Semnan University of Medical Sciences of Iran in 2013. Results: There were significant relationships among the use of TV (P=0.044, CI=95%, Odd’s Ratio= 1.825), the use of books and journals (P

Internet knowledge is increasing steadily among instructors in the academic world. As courses incorporate more instructional technology, traditional undergraduate research assignments are adapting to reflect the changing world of information and information access. New library assignments reflect this shift as well, with term papers and research projects asking students to use Web sites as an information resource, in addition to the standard literature of periodicals and monographs. But the many pitfalls the library profession has learned in its own metamorphosis during the past decade are often repeated in these newer course assignments. The authors in this paper present a framework for librarians to interact with instructors to incorporate Internet resources into traditional term paper and research assignments. They suggest a framework for creating sample assignments librarians can take to campus instructional units, to show the teaching community at large what the library profession has learned from first-hand experience.

The paper analyzes methodological approaches to the implementation of information audit by public audit institutions. The aim of the research is to analyze instruments of the traditional information audit developed as a part of information management theory and to make propositions on its basis on the creation of methodology of information audit as a form of public audit. It is based on general scientific methods, including comparative analyzes. The article substantiates the necessity for public audit institutions to conduct information audit due to the key value of information and information resources for the legality and efficiency of the public resources' management. The authors analyze basic approaches to the definition of the traditional information audit and its instruments. Based on this the authors made a conclusion that such general approach could be used for the purposes of public audit with necessary amendments due to specific aims of this type of public financial control, legal status of public audit institutions and position of auditees in the public management system. The study defines basic stages of the information audit conducted by public audit institutions and unique characteristics of its aims due to their interrelations with the tasks of audits and analytical research performed by such bodies. The paper also proposes basic instruments for the data collection as well as a general approach to interaction between auditors conducting information audit, auditees and other stakeholders.The practical results of the research are relevant for the introduction of information audit instruments into the practice of public audit institutions and for the development of applicable methodological documents.

The paper addresses the issue of how the state guarantees the citizens’ access to information in the field of social protection of the population. The subject of the research is the key mechanisms that ensure the information openness of the social protection system. The purpose of the work was to identify the main problems that hamper the information accessibility of state authorities and local governments whose competence includes the issues of social protection and social service. The paper presents the results of an analysis of the legislative framework governing the legal relations in terms of ensuring people’s access to social information resources and examines the law enforcement practice. As a result of the study, conclusions were made about the need to maintain permanent and effective interrelations between social protection bodies and recipients of social services with the purpose to improve the efficiency and performance of the social protection system.

This paper examined information needs and sources of information used by legislators in South West Nigeria. The legislators were chosen because they are law-makers and as such, their decisions affect the life of many citizens. South West Nigeria comprises of six states: Ekiti, Lagos, Ogun, Ondo, Osun, and Oyo. Out of these six states, three (i.e., Ekiti, Ondo, and Osun) were randomly selected for this study. A structured questionnaire was distributed to the legislators in each state’s house of assembly. Findings from the survey showed that the legislators in the states under survey had information needs in the areas of health, business, economy, and housing among others. The paper concluded that information can only be utilized effectively and efficiently when the right information gets to the right person at the right time.

The paper attempts to establish ways in which school libraries in Nigeria can make available the right information resources to students suffering from dyslexia. Dyslexia is a mental disability and individuals that are dyslexic find it difficult to read, comprehend, lack ability to synchronize letters amongst others. The paper tried to establish what dyslexia is, the cause and symptoms. It also identified what stands as a barrier to efficient library use for the dyslexic. It also looked into the information resources that could be used by a dyslexic to get maximum satisfaction of having used the library. These resources include media resources such as audio books, music and pictograms. The role of stakeholders in ensuring that school libraries are established and well equipped was also discussed. The paper concludes that all hands must be on deck to ensure that disabled student, especially the dyslexic are not left out in the information world. / Bu çalışma Nijerya’daki okul kütüphanelerinin disleksili öğrencilere doğru bilgi kaynaklarını sunmaları için nasıl yöntemler izlemesi gerektiğini incelemektedir. Disleksi zihinsel bir engeldir ve disleksi olan bireyler okumada, anlamada zorlanırlar, harfleri ayırt edemezler. Makalede disleksinin ne olduğu, nedenleri ve belirtileri açıklanmıştır. Aynı zamanda disleksi olanların kütüphaneyi etkili kullanmalarının önündeki engellerin neler olduğu tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra, disleksili bireyin bir kütüphanede en üst düzeyde memnuniyete ulaşması için kullanabileceği bilgi kaynakları incelenmiştir. Bu bilgi kaynakları sesli kitap, müzik ve piktogram (resimli sözlük/kitap) gibi medya kaynaklarını içermektedir. Çalışmada okul kütüphanelerinin kurulması ve iyi donanımlı olması konusunda paydaşların rolleri de tartışılmıştır. Makale engelli öğrencilerin, özellikle de disleksili olanların bilgi dünyasının dışında kalmaması için herkesin görev başında olması gerektiği ile sonuçlanmaktadır.

The resources of the protection systems are usually directed at external causes of dysfunctional states, so the specific danger from internal causes may suddenly become much greater, since the information system (IC) is completely open to them. Up to 40% of the hacks of banking IP were due to the actions of insiders, that is, employees who acted consciously or unconsciously. On the other hand, more than 300 mobile applications distributed through official stores contain malicious code. 71% of attacks remain undetected. Cybernetic attacks on the IP of the security agencies ofUkraine, in particular the Ministry of Defense ofUkraine, the IP of state bodies and objects of critical infrastructure, are constantly goingThis makes it urgent to develop means to counter dysfunctional states of IP, regardless of the reasons for the origin of these states. While ensuring the functional stability of the information system, it is relevant to extend the concept of countering cyber attacks (IS incidents) of external origin to the concept of countering dysfunctional states of IP of both external and internal origin. For dysfunctional states of internal and external origin, in most cases the mathematical formalization is similar.The purpose of the article is to increase the level of protection of network information systems from dysfunctional states due to the development of a method for managing the functional stability of information systems based on optimization of protection costs.When solving problems of increasing the level of security of network information systems, it is advisable to expand the concept of computer attacks to the concept of dysfunctional states, including malicious and unintended causes of incidents.It is advisable to replace the basic exponential dependence of losses on dysfunctional states depending on the amount of protection costs by a more adequate S-shaped logistic one.The level of losses essentially depends on the degree of criticality of information resources for a certain type of organization, which is expedient to measure by the amount of net losses directly from dysfunctional states without taking into account losses from consequences and the costs of eliminating consequences., Ресурсы систем защиты обычно направлены на внешние причины дисфункционных состояний, поэтому удельная опасность от внутренних причин может внезапно стать гораздо больше, поскольку перед ними информационная система (ИС) полностью открыта. До 40% взломов банковских ИС происходило благодаря действиям инсайдеров, то есть сотрудников, действовавших сознательно или бессознательно. С другой стороны, более 300 мобильных приложений, распространяемых через официальные магазины, содержат злонамеренный код. 71% атак остаются не выявленными. Постоянно продолжаются кибернетические атаки на ИС силовых ведомств Украины, в частности Министерство обороны Украины, ИС государственных органов и объекты критической инфраструктуры.Это делает актуальным развитие средств противодействия дисфунционным состояниям ИС независимо от причин происхождения этих состояний. При обеспечении функциональной устойчивости ИС актуальным является расширение понятия противодействия кибератакам (инцидентам ИБ) внешнего происхождения к понятию противодействия дисфункциональным состояниям ИС как внешнего, так и внутреннего происхождения. Для дисфунциональных состояний внутреннего и внешнего происхождения в большинстве случаев математическая формализация аналогична.Целью статьи является повышение уровня защищенности сетевых информационных систем от дисфункциональных состояний благодаря развитию метода управления функциональной устойчивостью информационных систем на основе оптимизации расходов на защиту.При решении задач повышения уровня защищенности сетевых информационных систем целесообразно понятие компьютерных атак расширять до понятия дисфункциональных состояний, включающих злонамеренные и непреднамеренные причины инцидентов.Базовую экспоненциальную зависимость убытков от дисфункциональных состояний в зависимости от величины расходов на защиту целесообразно заменить на более адекватную S-образную логистическую.Уровень потерь существенно зависит от степени критичности информационных ресурсов для определенного вида организации, которую целесообразно измерять величиной чистых потерь непосредственно от дисфункциональных состояния без учета убытков от последствий и затрат на устранение последствий., Ресурси систем захисту зазвичай спрямовані на зовнішні злонавмисні причини дисфункційних станів, тому питома небезпека від внутрішніх причин може раптово стати набагато більшою, оскільки перед ними інформаційна система (ІС) повністю відкрита. До 40 % зломів банківських ІС відбувалось завдяки діям інсайдерів, тобто співробітників банків, які діяли свідомо, або несвідомо. З іншого боку, понад 300 мобільних додатків, які розповсюджуються через офіційні магазини, містять злонавмисний код. 71 % атак залишається невиявленим. Постійно тривають кібернетичні атаки на ІС силових відомств України, зокрема Міністерство оборони України, ІС державних органів та об’єктів критичної інфраструктури.Це робить актуальним розвиток засобів протидії дисфунційним станам ІС незалежно від причин походження цих станів. Під час забезпечення функціональної стійкості ІС актуальним є розширення поняття протидії кібератакам (інцидентам ІБ) зовнішнього походження до поняття протидії дисфункційним станам ІС як зовнішнього, так і внутрішнього походження. Для дисфунційних станів внутрішнього та зовнішнього походження в більшості випадків математична формалізація є аналогічною.Метою статті є підвищення рівня захищеності мережевих інформаційних систем від дисфункційних станів завдяки розвитку методу управління функціональною стійкістю інформаційних систем на основі оптимізації видатків на захист.Під час розв’язання задач підвищення рівня захищеності мережевих інформаційних систем доцільно поняття комп’ютерних атак розширювати до поняття дисфункційних станів, які включають злонавмисні та ненавмисні причини інцидентів.Базову експоненційну залежність збитків від дисфункційних станів залежно від величини видатків на захист доцільно замінити на адекватнішу S-подібну логістичну.Рівень втрат суттєво залежить від ступеня критичності інформаційних ресурсів для певного виду організації, яку доцільно вимірювати у величині чистих втрат безпосередньо від дисфункційного стану без урахування збитків від наслідків і витрат на усунення наслідків.Подальші дослідження слід присвятити пов’язуванню величин витрат на захист від дисфункційних станів із конкретними технологіями захисту та розвитку методу формування оптимальних наборів засобів захисту в умовах обмежень на ресурси.

This paper deals with the development of information resources by establishing the collection of university documentary heritage from institutional publications. The documents can be accessed through the Compulsory University Deposit Collection, the Digital Library and the ORA USARB Institutional Repository. The DOU collection has a double function of archiving and promotion, by supporting research and innovation., Cristian, Elena, Cecan, Svetlana. Depozit obligatoriu Universitaria – colecţie de informare şi promovare a cercetării universitare = Compulsory University deposit – collection of information and promotion of University research / Elena Cristian, Svetlana Cecan // Serviciile moderne de bibliotecă şi transformarea digitală : Masa rotundă în cadrul Conferinţei Ştiinţifice cu participare internaţională "Tradiţie şi inovare în cercetarea ştiinţifică", ediţia a 10-a : Secţiunea Biblioteconomie şi Ştiinţele Informării, 8 octombrie 2021. – Bălţi : US "Alecu Russo", 2022. – P. 80-86. – ISBN 978-9975-50-284-9.

Nowadays most construction firms have begun to use information management systems in their business to work more efficiently. At the same time, a lot of management information is being accumulated and some of the information can be reused to support the decision-making. Up to now, the information has not been reused so effectively in construction firms as expected. This paper introduces a new approach to reusing construction firm’s management information, which is based on BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology. In the paper, the current approaches are reviewed at first, and then the framework of the new approach is described. Next, the key issues of the new approach are clarified. Finally, a use case of the new approach is demonstrated. It is concluded that the new approach can be used in construction firms to better reuse the accumulated management information.

For this project, I have engaged in research on one of the biggest impediments to diversifying medicine and eliminating health disparities: the pipeline problem. Black students in the medical professional pipeline face barriers and a lack of opportunities that prohibit their advancement to medical school. In my project, I focus my analysis on Black students’ efforts to successfully matriculate into medical school and how undergraduate institutions play a pivotal role in the process of becoming a physician. To engage in this project, I draw upon several disciplines, because the “pre-med” experience is unique and multifaceted, spanning the disciplines of public health, medicine, sociology, and education. After I did a thorough and synthetic literature review, I conducted qualitative research through interviews with pre-med students to identify resources and constraints that impact attrition, and the extent to which it is racialized. I focus on the inconsistencies between what is said needs to be done to increase the number of Black students matriculating into medical school and whether there is something being done. I find that there are four main areas of barriers: inequalities in college advising, inequalities in access to resources, and pre-med social support inequalities. Based on my findings, I conclude the paper with a few research-informed policy recommendations to address the gaps in pipelines to becoming a physician for Black students in medicine.

The paper deals with general issues of organizing access to electronic documents in the framework of scientific and educational activities. Large volumes of already existing information, its continuous growth, the heterogeneous nature of storage and distribution, the lack of a unified way of working with it create many difficulties when using it. Awareness of these difficulties, qualitative changes in the field of information technology and telecommunications have led to the need to solve the problem of finding new approaches to the creation of repositories of information resources, their structure, and the development of tools necessary for users. Currently, such approaches are called “digital” or “electronic” libraries. According to the preliminary concept, an intelligent scientific and educational Internet resource will be an information system accessible via the Internet, providing systematization and integration of scientific knowledge, data, and information resources into a single information space, meaningful and effective access to them, as well as support for their use in solving various scientific and educational tasks. Another problem of the organization of effective information support for scientific and educational activities is that, due to its diversity and multidimensional nature, scientific and educational information resources are dispersed on remote pages of many sites and in distributed electronic libraries and archives. To solve this problem, it is necessary to solve the problem of bringing such resources related to one area of knowledge into a single information space, and also, no less important, to support their logical integrity. Without solving these two related tasks, it is impossible to solve the main task – to provide all participants of scientific and educational activities with meaningful access to integrated information resources and means of their analysis. The support of information systems in the field of scientific and educational activities is relevant, since the need for information always exists. In order to satisfy this need, it is necessary to organize access to various resources., В работе рассматриваются общие вопросы организации доступа к электронным документам в рамках научно-образовательной деятельности.Большие объемы уже имеющейся информации, её непрерывный рост, неоднородность хранения и распространения, отсутствие единого способа работы с ней создают множество трудностей при ее использовании. Осознание этих трудностей, качественные изменения в сфере информационных технологий и телекоммуникаций привели к необходимости решения проблемы поиска новых подходов к созданию хранилищ информационных ресурсов, их структуры и разработки необходимых для пользователей инструментов. В настоящее время такие подходы называются “цифровыми” или “электронными” библиотеками. Согласно предварительной концепции, интеллектуальный научно-образовательный интернет-ресурс представляет собой доступную через Интернет информационную систему, обеспечивающую систематизацию и интеграцию научных знаний, данных и информационных ресурсов в единое информационное пространство, полноценный и эффективный доступ к ним, а также поддержку их использования при решении различных научно-образовательных задач.Еще одной проблемой организации эффективного информационного обеспечения научно-образовательной деятельности является то, что в силу своего разнообразия и многомерности научно-образовательные информационные ресурсы рассредоточены на удаленных страницах многих сайтов, а также в распределенных электронных библиотеках и архивах. Для решения этой проблемы необходимо решить задачу объединения ресурсов, относящихся к одной области знаний, в единое информационное пространство, а также, что не менее важно, поддержать их логическую целостность. Без решения этих двух взаимосвязанных задач невозможно решить главную задачу – обеспечить всем участникам научно-образовательной деятельности полноценный доступ к комплексным информационным ресурсам и средствам их анализа.Поддержка информационных систем в сфере научно-образовательной деятельности является актуальной благодаря постоянно существующей потребности в информации. Для удовлетворения этой потребности необходима организация доступа к различным ресурсам., У роботі розглядаються загальні питання організації доступу до електронних документів в рамках науково-освітньої діяльності. Великі обсяги вже наявної інформації, її безперервне зростання, неоднорідність зберігання та поширення, відсутність єдиного способу роботи з нею створюють безліч труднощів під час її використання. Усвідомлення цих труднощів, якісні зміни у сфері інформаційних технологій та телекомунікацій призвели до необхідності вирішення проблеми пошуку нових підходів до створення сховищ інформаційних ресурсів, їхньої структури та розробки необхідних для користувачів інструментів. Нині такі підходи називаються "цифровими" або "електронними" бібліотеками. Згідно з попередньою концепцією, інтелектуальний науково-освітній інтернет-ресурс являє собою доступну через Інтернет інформаційну систему, що забезпечує систематизацію та інтеграцію наукових знань, даних та інформаційних ресурсів в єдиний інформаційний простір, повноцінний та ефективний доступ до них, а також підтримку їхнього використання під час вирішення різних науково-освітніх завдань. Ще однією проблемою організації ефективного інформаційного забезпечення науково-освітньої діяльності є те, що в силу свого розмаїття і багатовимірності науково-освітні інформаційні ресурси розосереджені на віддалених сторінках багатьох сайтів, а також в розподілених електронних бібліотеках та архівах. Для вирішення цієї проблеми необхідно вирішити задачу об'єднання ресурсів, що відносяться до однієї галузі знань, в єдиний інформаційний простір, а також, що не менш важливо, підтримати їх логічну цілісність. Без вирішення цих двох взаємопов'язаних завдань неможливо вирішити головне завдання – забезпечити всім учасникам науково-освітньої діяльності повноцінний доступ до комплексних інформаційних ресурсів та засобів їхнього аналізу. Підтримка інформаційних систем у сфері науково-освітньої діяльності є актуальною завдяки постійно існуючій потребі в інформації. Для задоволення цієї потреби необхідна організація доступу до різних ресурсів.

The emergence of e-books as resources of scientific information in university libraries has been imposing at the pace of technology, with advantages such as portability, cost or accessibility, assuming that e-reading is being well received and appropriated by library users, who can access scientific information from anywhere. However, recent studies from prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, pointed to the resurgence of paper reading preferences. This study analyses the behavioural trends in the use of scientific information from these two media: printed books and e-books and the way university libraries users choose to use it, particularly in the pandemic context. To this end, a survey is conducted on a sample of users from various Portuguese higher education schools. The first part focuses on the characterization of respondents, which includes data on gender, area of knowledge, academic level they attend. In the second part we seek the opinion about advantages and disadvantages of each medium, frequency of use, choice of medium according to the purpose of reading, devices used, acquisition suggestions for the library. The results allow us to observe the factors that influence and affect the behaviours of users regarding this choice. Studies such as these are important to support the decision in choosing the information resources to be purchased, taking into account user preferences, but also to outline strategies for promoting the use of various media.

�� ������������ ���������������������� ������������������������ �� �������������������� ���������������������� ������������������������, �������������� �� ������������������ ���������� ���������� ������������������ �� ���������������� ������������������������������, ���������������� �� ���������� �� ������������������ ���������� �� ����������������. ���������� ������������-�������������������������� ���������� ������������������������������ ������ ���������������� ���������������������������� ������������. �� ���������������� ���������������� ���������������������� ������������ �������������������������� ������������������ �������������� �������� ���������������������� ������ ����, ���������������������� �� 2020 �������� �� �������������������� ������������������, ������������������������ �� XIV �������� ���� 1933 �������� �� ������������ ������������., The paper considers the advantages and disadvantages of virtual pilgrimages, which have recently tended to be widespread, especially in connection with the living conditions in the pandemic. Such online pilgrimages can be considered as elements of information systems. As examples of organizing such a pilgrimage, the Main Temple of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, built in 2020, and the Zlatoust Monastery, located from the XIV century until 1933 in the center of Moscow, are given.

Analysis of principles knowledge representation in information systems led to the necessity of improving the structuring knowledge. It is caused by the development of software component and new possibilities of information technologies. The article combines methodological aspects of structuring knowledge and effective usage of information resources which are designed for the scientific and methodological study of practical recommendations in Digital learning implementation. It is shown at the paper that one of the most important problems, which face the processing of knowledge or construction systems, is knowledge representation. The main idea of the paper is increasing the efficiency at the university learning process on the basis of a possible applications and rational structuring knowledge. The proposed concept of using information resources of Digital Learning is based on the idea of using the principles of abstraction, encapsulation, modularity, hierarchy, typing, concurrency preservation and implementation in such stages of this process as algorithmic support of knowledge structuring and structured transfer of knowledge to students. The topic of the article is unique as we try to see Digital learning in multidisciplinary aspects: education, mathematics, statistics. The article combines a theoretical approach to structuring knowledge that is based on the integrated usage of fuzzy semantic network, theory of predicates, Boolean functions, theory of complexity of network structures and practical aspects and ways of construction Digital Learning Systems at the University.

The paper presents the findings on the information needs and behaviour of parents whose children exhibit a range of autism spectrum disorders. Beside literature review on the topic, it brings the findings of a study conducted in the Osijek-Baranya County (Croatia). The study utilized a semi-structured interview format. The analysis includes 13 interviews in total. The interview transcripts were used as the data for qualitative analysis. The results demonstrate which information needs parents of children with autism spectrum disorders have before and in various stages upon finding out that the development of their child is not compliant with regular developmental norms. The results also reveal what kind of information parents seek and which information sources they use while seeking information related to autism spectrum disorders as well as what parents do and which barriers they face when searching for and evaluating information. Conclusion. The research results show that prior to the initial suspicion of an autism spectrum disorder, parents often lack information and knowledge on the disorder and its possible manifestations in the child’s behaviour, which is reflected in late and hampered determination of disorder symptoms, therapy and rehabilitation. The information that parents seek relates to public services and support, therapy and rehabilitation, proper education for the child, relevant institutions, professional assistance in the childcare and immediate responses to daily problems. They feel confused because the sources of information they use offer different solutions. The closing section of the paper offers some recommendations for further research as well as their implications in practice.

Değişen seyahat anlayışları ile birlikte, turistik ürünler ve destinasyonlar arasındaki rekabet şartları da ağırlaşmıştır. Turistlerin, hedef destinasyonları ile ilgili değerlendirmeleri tek bir faktöre bağlı olmayıp, birçok faktör tarafından etkilenmektedir. Turistlerin davranışları, beklentileri, istek ve ihtiyaçları seyahat edecekleri destinasyonun belirlenmesinde önemli faktörler arasındadır. Turistlerin ziyaret etmeyi düşündükleri destinasyon hakkında ne düşündükleri ve destinasyonun turistik özelliklerini nasıl algıladıkları önem kazanmaktadır. Algılanan fırsatlar arasında tercih, aile, iĢ durumları,destinasyon imajı, tatmin, mesafe ve çekim yerlerinin avantajları gibi faktörler turistlerin seyahat kararlarını etkilemektedir. ilgili literatür incelendiğinde destinasyona yönelik turist algısı, destinasyon imajı, müşteri memnuniyeti ve diğer kavramlarla olan ilişkileri tek başına ele alınıp araştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmada ise turist algısının ve davranışsal niyetlerinin birçok kavramla olan ilişkisi araştırılmaktadır. Özetle çalışmanın amacı, Hatay‟a gelen turistlerin destinasyona yönelik algıları, memnuniyet düzeyi, duygusal deneyimleri ve kullandıkları bilgi kaynakları arasındaki ilişki ağını ortaya koymaktır., Competitive condition between touristic products and destinations changes with alteration of current world. Target destination of tourists hasbeen affected not only one factor but several. Behavior, expectations, needs and willing of tourists are main factors that define tourist destination. It is important to have insight what tourist knows about destination and how destination was perceived by them. Choice among perceived opportunities, family, job, image of destination, satisfaction, distance, advantages of attraction zones are affecting decison making processs of tourists. According to relevant literature, it is possible to mention that tourist perception based on destination, customer satisfaction and related notions have been researched. In this paper, it has been researched connection between tourist perception and other related notions. To sum up, the aim of this paper to analyze connection among tourist perception based on destination, customer satisfaction, emotional experience and their information resources.

Effective integration of regional logistics information resources can provide collaborative services in information flow, business flow and logistics for regional logistics enterprises, which also can reduce operating costs and improve market responsiveness. First, this paper analyzes the realistic significance on the integration of regional logistics information. Second, this paper brings forward three feasible patterns on the integration of regional logistics information resources, These three models have their own strengths and the scope of application and implementation, which model is selected will depend on the specific business and the regional distribution of enterprises. Last, this paper discusses the related countermeasures on the integration of regional logistics information resources, because the integration of regional logistics information is a systems engineering, when the integration is advancing, the countermeasures should pay close attention to the current needs and long-term development of regional enterprises.

Trabajo de Fin de Grado de Información y Documentación, curso 2019-2020., El campo de las Humanidades Digitales ha experimentado un amplio crecimiento en los últimos años. Fruto de este desarrollo, el número de fuentes de información relativas a los temas tratados en la disciplina también ha aumentado proporcionalmente. En este trabajo, partiendo de una definición amplia de fuentes de información, se enumeran diferentes recursos de este tipo relacionados con las temáticas que se abordan en la disciplina. La metodología empleada para recuperarlas ha consistido en la búsqueda de los recursos en diferentes bases de datos y páginas web que tienen relación con el campo. La clasificación utilizada para dividirlas ha consistido, por un lado, en una enumeración de fuentes primarias y secundarias de carácter bibliográfico y, por otro, de recursos web accesibles a través de Internet. Se concluye que el número de fuentes de información relativa a las Humanidades Digitales es muy amplio, por lo que el interesado en la disciplina dispone de un gran abanico de recursos que le permiten tener una perspectiva del campo y conocerlo., The field of the Digital Humanities has experienced extensive growth in recent years. As a result of this development, the applied number of sources of information in the discipline has also increased proportionally. This paper, based on a broad definition of information sources, lists different sources of information related to the topics addressed in the discipline. The methodology used to retrieve them has consisted of searching for the resources in different databases and web pages that are related to the field. The classification used to divide them has consisted, on the one hand, of a list of primary and secondary sources of a bibliographic nature and, on the other hand, of web resources accessible through the Internet. It is concluded that the number of sources of information related to Digital Humanities is very wide, so the person interested in the discipline has a wide range of resources that allow him to have a perspective of the field and to get to know it.

У статті розглянута сутність економіки знань, її вплив на економічні блага, перспективи й напрямки формування, впровадження та розвитку економіки знань в Україні. Розроблені теоретичні основи щодо економіки знань, виявлені та систематизовані тенденції розвитку економічних відносин під зростаючим впливом фактору «знання» у сучасній економіці., В статье рассмотрена сущность экономики знаний, ее влияние на экономические блага, перспективы и направления формирования, внедрения и развития экономики знаний в Украине. Разработаны теоретические основы экономики знаний, выявлены и систематизированы тенденции развития экономических отношений под растущим влиянием фактора «знание» в современной экономике., In today's world, there are new trends, one of which is the transformation of knowledge into a key resource of development, globalization of competition based on creating the science- and knowledge-intensive products and services. However, the issues regarding the development and implementation of a knowledge economy in Ukraine remain under-investigated.The paper considers the nature of the knowledge economy, its impact on economic goods, prospects and directions of formation, implementation and development of the knowledge economy in Ukraine. The theoretical foundations of the knowledge economy were developed, development trends of economic relations under the growing influence of the “knowledge” factor in a modern economy were found and systematized.The analysis of the knowledge economy peculiarities, which lies in the fact that this economy uses information resources that have specific features and distinguish them from traditional resources was performed.The paper presents the rating of Ukraine by indices, relating to information and communication technologies. The conditions and new factors of economic growth, the implementation of which is important to achieve progress towards the formation of a knowledge economy in Ukraine were examined. The research on the development prospects of the knowledge economy in Ukraine, conducted in the paper is aimed at promoting economic reforms, namely the formation of favorable conditions for investors in the creation of intellectual products; formation of an effective incentive system of taxation; stabilization of the political situation and so on.

В работе показано влияние факторов, процессов и последствий загрязнения компонентов городских экосистем на загрязнение вод и гидрохимический состав воды малых рек и бассейна реки Обь. Описана структура прототипа интерактивной информационной системы (ИАС), в которой предусмотрена возможность получения прогноза на ближайшее пять лет., The paper shows the influence of factors, processes and consequences of pollution of components of urban ecosystems on water pollution and hydrochemical composition of water of small rivers and the Ob river basin. The structure of the prototype of the interactive information system (IAS), which provides for the possibility of obtaining a forecast for the next five years, is described.

У статті актуалізується проблема застосування сучасних інформаційних технологій у вищих навчальних закладах, зокрема у підготовці студентів юридичних спеціальностей. На основі аналізу психолого-педагогічної літератури представлено модель методичної системи навчання з курсу «Сучасні інформаційні технології» для студентів юридичних факультетів ВНЗ.В статье актуализируется проблема применения современных информационных технологий в высших учебных заведениях, в частности в подготовке студентов юридических специальностей. На основе анализа психолого-педагогической литературы представлена модель методической системы обучения из курса «Современные информационные технологии» для студентов юридических факультетов ВУЗ.The problem of implementing modern information in higher educational establishments particularly preparation students of legal professions is actualized in the article. On the base of psychological and pedagogical literature analysis it is presented the model of methodical learning system of the course «Modern information technologies» for students of legal department of higher educational establishments.

The article considers the gradual introduction of information and analytical activities in the Scientific Library of the Odessa I. I. Mechnikov National University including establishment and development of the Department of Information and Analytic Monitoring. The development of information and analytical activities in the library promotes permanent updating and transformation of services offered to the users, scholars and members of editorial boards of University journals being a targeted audience.The main areas of the Department activities can be determined at present as follows: to promote and monitor publication activities of scientists and University ratings as well as to disseminate their research work, to promote information and technical support of University periodicals and their inclusion into national and international resources, to ensure free access to electronic academic information resources.Sciatic bases such as Scopus and Web of Science are considered to be main tools in monitoring academic activity. Not only are these databasesresources for tracking the latest and current scientific works in authoritative publications in all areas of science and helping in the search and selection in order to publish their own papers, but they also have enhanced capabilities to analyze publication activity. In addition, the role of the Repository of the Odessa I. I. Mechnikov National University as a resource for popularizing scientific achievements and potential of the University.is highlighted. The authors praise the progress of the culture of periodicals achieved in the joint work of the library and members of editorial boardsExamined trends of the Library activities are promising for the development of the scientific library in order to realize the main task of the institution: to provide information needs of the University. It made possible for the Library to be included in the academic process at every stage: from providing access to up-to-date information to disseminating scientific results., В статье рассмотрено постепенное внедрение информационно-аналитического направления в деятельность Научной библиотеки Одесского национального университета имени И. И. Мечникова, создание и развитие отдела информационно-аналитического мониторинга. Развитие информационно-аналитической деятельности в библиотеке приводит к постоянному обновлениюи трансформации услуг для пользователей отдела. Основными пользователями услуг являются ученые и члены редакционных коллегий периодических изданий университета.В настоящее время основными направлениями, на которые направлена работа отдела: содействие повышению публикационной активности, мониторинг публикационной активности ученых и рейтингов университета, содействие распространению научных работ ученых, информационное и техническое сопровождение университетских периодических изданий, включение периодических изданий в национальные и международные ресурсы, бесплатный доступ к электронным ресурсам научной информации.Отмечено, что основными инструментами в работе над мониторингом научной активности является наукометрические базы, прежде всего, такие как Scopus и Web of Science, которые являются не только ресурсами для отслеживания последних и актуальных научных работ в авторитетных изданиях по всем направлениям науки и помогают в поисках и выборе изданий для опубликования собственных научных публикаций, но и имеют расширенные возможности анализа публикационной активности. Кроме этого, отмечена роль репозитария ОНУ – ресурса для популяризации научных достижений и отображения научного потенциала университета.Отмечены успехи в развитии культуры периодических изданий, которые были достигнуты в процессе совместной работы библиотеки и членов редакционных коллегий.Рассмотренные направления работы являются перспективными для развития Научной библиотеки, в процессе реализации основной задачи – обеспечение информационных потребностей университета. Благодаря данному виду деятельности библиотека включена в научный процесс на каждом этапе: от предоставления доступа к актуальной информации до распространения научных результатов., В статті розглянуто поступове впровадження інформаційно-аналітичної сфери в діяльність Наукової бібліотеки Одеського національного університету імені І. І. Мечникова, створення та розвиток відділу інформаційно-аналітичного моніторингу. Розвиток інформаційно-аналітичної діяльності в бібліотеці приводить до постійного оновлення та трансформації послуг для користувачів відділу. Основними користувачами послуг є науковці та члени редакційних колегій періодичних видань університету.Наразі основними напрямками, на які направлена робота відділу є сприяння підвищення публікаційної активності, моніторинг публікаційної активності вчених та рейтингів ЗВО, сприяння висвітленню доробків вчених, інформаційний та технічний супровід університетських періодичних видань, включення періодичних видань до національних та міжнародних ресурсів, безкоштовний доступ до електронних ресурсів наукової інформації.Відзначено, що основними інструментами в роботі над моніторингом наукової активності є наукометричні бази, перш за все: Scopus та Web of Science, які є не тільки ресурсами для відслідковування останніх та актуальних наукових робіт в авторитетних виданнях в усіх напрямках науки та допомагають у пошуках і виборі видання для опублікування власних наукових публікацій, а й мають розширені можливості аналізу публікаційної активності. Крім цього, зазначена роль репозитарію ОНУ, який є ресурсом для популяризації наукових досягнень і відображення наукового потенціалу ОНУ.Відзначено успіхи в розвитку культури періодичних видань, які були досягнуті в процесі спільної роботи бібліотеки та членів редакційних колегій.Розглянуті напрямки роботи є перспективними для розвитку Наукової бібліотеки, в процесі реалізації основного завдання – забезпечення інформаційних потреб університету. Завдяки даному виду діяльності бібліотека включена в науковий процес на кожному етапі від надання доступу до актуальної інформації до розповсюдження наукових результатів.

The article deals with the relevant issue of the influence of information space on the current state of economic security of Russian regions. In the modern society, the information space is an objectively existing phenomenon, which performs a number of constructive and destructive functions and has a direct impact on the economic security of regions. The research of Russian and foreign scientists in the field of information theory, philosophy, mathematics, economics have become the theoretical and methodological basis of the paper. Transition to the information society has changed the status of information resources. The analysis of the statistical data of authoritative Russian and foreign sources has allowed us to reveal the main tendencies of modern society. Information processes have the most significant impact on such areas as health and safety, education, science, culture, socio-political sphere, as well as the quality of life. However, threats to economic security are under transformation. Therefore, there is a need for changes in the assessment of the economic security of regions. We proposed a technique for the evaluation of economic security based on the comprehensive assessment of several groups of indicators. The number of groups and a set of estimated indicators can be defined by experts. The results of the proposed method are demonstrated on the example of eight Federal Districts of Russia. The authors used official statistics, since they covered different spheres of citizens throughout the whole state territory. The assessment includes 32 indicators distributed into nine groups: economy, food, information resources, etc. Calculations have revealed the regions with lower security level — Siberian and North-Caucasian Federal Districts. The proposed methodological approach and quantitative estimates can be used to predict and improve economic security management in regions.

An important task in business of any enterprise and, in particular, enterprises working in the industrial ecology is the timely transmission of data and relevant information. The article provides an overview and analysis of technologies of employee notification about any type of events. The model of optimization of data transmission over messengers is given. Today, there are a huge number of different applications for instant messaging: from ordinary messengers to social networks with built-in messaging modules. Among the usual messengers one can mention such as WhatsApp, Viber, Skype, Snapchat, KakaoTalk and others. Social network messengers include such examples as Vkontakte, Facebook, Instagram, etc. The special optimization model is developed for enterprises operating in industrial ecology, which allows to manage the notifications and alerts of employees involved in specific business processes.

The subject of the research is to find ways for improving physical education of students in accordance with the current challenges based on the competence-building approach. The purpose of the paper is to develop a structure and content of the unified physical culture competences and criterion-evaluating tools for their assessment as well as due pedagogical environment for the development of bachelor`s physical culture competences. The paper presents a pattern of physical culture competences profile and the algorithm of its development. Authors have showed the possibilities for organization a proper physical culture and sporting environment depending on the subject’s needs and direction of the educational process. It was summarized that physical education assumes creation of such physical culture and sporting environment that would be saturated with various microenvironments and incentives for students to have personal achievements in academic and extracurricular activity, and would be favorable for expression of one`s individuality by means of physical culture and popular sport Проблема исследования связана с поиском путей совершенствования физического воспитания студентов в соответствие с вызовами времени на основе компетентностного подхода. Целью работы стала разработка структуры и содержания унифицированных физкультурных компетенций и критериально-измерительного инструментария для их оценки, а также педагогических условий формирования физкультурных компетенций бакалавров. В статье предлагается образец карты физкультурной компетенции и алгоритм ее разработки. Авторами показаны возможности организации физкультурно-спортивной среды образовательного учреждения в зависимости от потребностей субъектов и направленности образовательного процесса. Сделан вывод о том, что организация физического воспитания предполагает создание такой физкультурно-спортивной среды, которая была бы насыщена различными микросредами и стимулами, побуждающими студента к поиску собственных результатов учебной и внеучебной деятельности, благоприятна для проявления и самовыражения его индивидуальности средствами физической культуры и массового спорта

The purpose of the article is to analyse and systematize scientific approaches to the interpretation of the essence of the information economy. The research object: scientific approaches to the interpretation of the essence of the concept of “information economy”. The theoretical and methodological base of the research consists of works by D. Bell, Z. Brzezinski, J. Baudrillard, M. Castells, Yoneji Masuda, F. Machlup, M. Porat, A. Toffler, which are devoted to issues of development of information society. Analysis of recent research and publications allows noting an increasing scientific interest in issues of formation of the economy of information type. The essence and features of information economy are considered in scientific papers of scholars such as Hrynkevych S., Iliash A., Krystynevych S., Malyk I., Nikolaiev Ye., Bazhal Yu., Tolstiakov R., Shkarlet S., Fedulova L., Chukhno A., and others. Research methods: analysis, content analysis, synthesis, system method. Increasing scientific interest in the formation of the information economy leads to an increase in the number of publications on this topic; pluralism of scientific approaches to the consideration of the essence of the information economy actualizes the need for their systematization. The theory of information economy logically follows and is a component of the theory of the development of information society. Along with it, there is an approach in the scientific literature, according to which scholars identify the concept of information society and information economy. In our opinion, this approach is not well-balanced, since the term “information society” is inherently wider than “information economy”. The latter can be considered as an inherent component of the information society, which development is determined by a number of specific factors. In other words, these terms are closely interrelated and they should be investigated in the context of links between them, however, we should not consider them as synonymous terms. There is no the only consistent interpretation of the term “information economy” in the scientific literature, which is explained by differences in views and research methods of different scholars. Moreover, this is complemented by the high dynamism of the economic component of the information society, which is why new aspects of its study are constantly emerging. Conclusions. The article analyses views of domestic and foreign scholars on the essence of the information economy. Systematization of scientific approaches made it possible to note that their pluralism is determined by differences in the views of scientists, the methodology used, scientific schools, etc. The analysed definitions are characterized by different degrees of concreteness, abstractness, scale, complexity, completeness, and systematicity in disclosing the essence of information economy with possible identification of the component composition and determinants of its development. Based on the systematization of scientific approaches to the interpretation of this concept, it is proposed to consider the information economy as a type of economic system, which is characterized by the defining role of information and information technologies in the processes of production, exchange, distribution, and consumption, as well as in the development of basic industries and the national economy as a whole. The author emphasizes that ensuring the competitiveness of economic entities at the micro (local, sectoral), macro (national), and mega (international) levels requires the implementation of flexible and highly adaptive mechanisms for generation, accumulation, processing, analysis, information transfer, effective distribution and use of information resources, rapid update and implementation of innovative information and communication technologies. In terms of formation of the information economy, industries, sectors, and spheres, which are capable of producing knowledge and information, in the first place – higher education, science, play a particular role. Prospects for further research are the study, structuring, and systematization of scientific approaches to the correlation of the categories “information economy” and “knowledge economy” with the specification of their key features and specific characteristics. This will make it possible to substantially deepen the theoretical and methodological foundations of research into the formation and development of an economy of an informational type.

This scientific paper is dedicated to libraries web sites, especially, experience of creation and also its capabilities are discussed

The subject of the study is the key trends in the use of modern information technologies in the economic activities of enterprises of tourism business. The purpose of the study is to determine the prospects and possible directions of the use of information technologies in the activities of tourism enterprises. Research methods. The work uses the dialectical method of scientific knowledge, the method of analysis and synthesis, the comparative method, the method of data generalization. Results of work. The paper highlights the main perspective directions of use modern information technologies of tourist enterprises and outlines the means of use modern information technologies in the economic activity of tourist enterprises. Conclusions. The results of the conducted study were follows conclusions: four main directions of perspective use of modern information technologies in the activities of tourism enterprises are identified: automation of internal business processes; informational and consulting, statistical and marketing and informational support of economic activities of tourist enterprises; comprehensive informational and promotional support for the promotion of the tourism product through the use of its own website; comprehensive use of the possibilities of global and regional booking systems.

This paper presents findings of a survey conducted in some selected higher education learning institutions in Tanzania to determine the reading patterns of students when they undertake extracurricular activities.. The purpose was to ascertain whether students utilize their time in reading various informational materials for purposes other than academic activities. Electronic questionnaires were conveniently distributed to students at DUCE, IDRP Dodoma, Law School of Tanzania, RUCU Iringa, SLADS Bagamoyo, SUA Morogoro, SUZA, Tumaini University (DSM campus), UDSM and Zanzibar University. The study findings indicate that students spend their spare time reading print and e-newspapers, books and magazines, and access social media that cover aspects such as sports, economic, technological and social issues. They are motivated to read by their desire to learn new aspects of life, expanding their vocabularies, improving reading skills, and acquiring new information. The findings also indicate that students spend their time watching TV, talking to friends, listening to radio, playingand watching games. Furthermore, it was revealed that too much academic work, limited internet connection and family responsibilities are among factors that inhibit their reading habits. The study recommends that academic libraries should work out means to create conducive reading environment for students by stocking more reading resources, conduct more outreachprograms to attract more readers, create reading and writing clubs at schools to empower students in education at large and launch TVprograms which will attract more students to read and learn when undertaking extracurricular activities. .Keywords: reading culture; reading habits; information resources;; problem-solving skills; academic libraries

The World Wide Web (YAW) has a potential for improving university education in remote sensing, as the WWW technology may be applied in a way which reduces the amount of resources which are needed to achieve a certain educational objective. The paper presents a survey of this new technology. The main components of the WWW technology are outlined. Reference is made to information resources which are available through the WWW which relates to remote sensing. The technology can be applied not only by individual staff members, but, also, according to decision at the departmental or faculty level. The use of information technology for education is a research field in its own right. This research field is presented as a basis for suggestion of decision issues and decision criteria regarding the use of the WWW for education in remote sensing. The paper may have an European bias.

The paper analyzes the social function of libraries in modern society, various approaches to this problem in Russian librarianship. The author characterizes the traditionally recognized social functions of a library (essential and derivative ones), justifies the need to revise the methodological approaches to library activities in connection with changes in social life, starting from the 1990s, taking into account the emergence of new industrial technologies and marketing strategies. On the example of libraries in Khabarovsk Krai, the author explores the pros and cons of the implementation of new social functions, makes a conclusion about the need of modern libraries to comply with new cultural mission В статье анализируются социальные функции библиотек в современном обществе, рассматриваются различные подходы к этой проблеме в отечественном библиотековедении. Автор дает характеристику традиционно выделяемым социальным функциям библиотек (сущностным и производным), обосновывает необходимость пересмотра методологических подходов к библиотечной деятельности в связи с изменениями в общественной жизни, начиная с 90-х годов прошлого века, появлением новых отраслевых технологий и маркетинговых стратегий. На примере библиотек Хабаровского края автор исследует плюсы и минусы реализации ими новых социальных функций, делает вывод о необходимости выполнения современными библиотеками культуротворческой миссии

The main thrust of the paper is the role of the librarians, library and ICT in global dissemination of indigenous knowledge. The empirical case study is the art and craft of raffia work in Ikot Ekpene, with a view to increase and improve the available information of the unique indigenous knowledge. The people of Ikot Ekpene have developed exceptional skills in transforming raffia fibers into shoes, assorted handbags including conference bags (and packages) belts, hats, mats, decorative apparels, bangles and numerous articles of fashion. Presently, the market for the raffia product is limited to local demand and is of attraction to only a few tourists. There is however great need to disseminate information on the product of this peculiar indigenous knowledge globally. This paper suggest that libraries should act as a clearing house for collecting, documenting, preserving and disseminating information on raffia craft knowledge systems. Librarians should publicize raffia craft activities and services through modern ICT, exhibition, workshops, conferences and seminars. The nation should be brought into the areas of security, protecting the rights of the indigenous artisans in terms of their cultural and intellectual property.

Περιέχει το πλήρες κείμενο The purpose of this paper is to investigate, through empirical analysis, whether or not post-graduate students choose information technology or other information sources such as home institution libraries for the purposes of learning, expanding their knowledge and/or completing their studies. A survey was conducted to gather primary source data for the paper. Questionnaires were administered to 211 education post-graduate students. Results showed that Greek post-graduate students from different fields of study chose the Internet as their primary information source for a number of reasons but mainly: for the provision of creditable and up-to-date information, for easy access to information at home, for the time of day they can access the material and for fast information retrieval. Although the Greek post-graduate students believed the Greek information network to be satisfactory up to a degree, this paper identifies that greater access to Internet resources, training programs providing students with tools to effectively use the network''s resources and more online databases, combined with a historical and statistical database of libraries’ online catalogs are key issues in improving both information source performance and the link between strategy and implementation.

In today's world, there are new trends, one of which is the transformation of knowledge into a key resource of development, globalization of competition based on creating the science- and knowledge-intensive products and services. However, the issues regarding the development and implementation of a knowledge economy in Ukraine remain under-investigated. The paper considers the nature of the knowledge economy, its impact on economic goods, prospects and directions of formation, implementation and development of the knowledge economy in Ukraine. The theoretical foundations of the knowledge economy were developed, development trends of economic relations under the growing influence of the “knowledge” factor in a modern economy were found and systematized. The analysis of the knowledge economy peculiarities, which lies in the fact that this economy uses information resources that have specific features and distinguish them from traditional resources was performed. The paper presents the rating of Ukraine by indices, relating to information and communication technologies. The conditions and new factors of economic growth, the implementation of which is important to achieve progress towards the formation of a knowledge economy in Ukraine were examined. The research on the development prospects of the knowledge economy in Ukraine, conducted in the paper is aimed at promoting economic reforms, namely the formation of favorable conditions for investors in the creation of intellectual products; formation of an effective incentive system of taxation; stabilization of the political situation and so on.

The article deals with the relevant issue of the influence of information space on the current state of economic security of Russian regions. In the modern society, the information space is an objectively existing phenomenon, which performs a number of constructive and destructive functions and has a direct impact on the economic security of regions. The research of Russian and foreign scientists in the field of information theory, philosophy, mathematics, economics have become the theoretical and methodological basis of the paper. Transition to the information society has changed the status of information resources. The analysis of the statistical data of authoritative Russian and foreign sources has allowed us to reveal the main tendencies of modern society. Information processes have the most significant impact on such areas as health and safety, education, science, culture, socio-political sphere, as well as the quality of life. However, threats to economic security are under transformation. Therefore, there is a need for changes in the assessment of the economic security of regions. We proposed a technique for the evaluation of economic security based on the comprehensive assessment of several groups of indicators. The number of groups and a set of estimated indicators can be defined by experts. The results of the proposed method are demonstrated on the example of eight Federal Districts of Russia. The authors used official statistics, since they covered different spheres of citizens throughout the whole state territory. The assessment includes 32 indicators distributed into nine groups: economy, food, information resources, etc. Calculations have revealed the regions with lower security level — Siberian and North-Caucasian Federal Districts. The proposed methodological approach and quantitative estimates can be used to predict and improve economic security management in regions. © 2018 Institute of Economics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Рассмотрена актуальная проблема влияния информационного пространства на современное состояние экономической безопасности регионов России. Предложена методика оценки экономической безопасности, основанная на комплексной оценке нескольких групп показателей. Представлены результаты использования предлагаемой методики на примере федеральных округов России.

The article examines the current situation of statistical information sources and the role that libraries can play in disseminating them. This sector is immersed in change that has accelerated due to new digital media and the Internet, but at the same time it has suffered from the low level of statistical literacy of the majority of potential users. The discussion begins with an introduction to statistical data: methodological characteristics, producers (sources and agencies); creation and distribution circuits; user needs; and search methods and interfaces. The role of libraries in the purchase, management, and dissemination of this type of material is then evaluated, from basic reference to high-level research.Es presenta l’estat de la qüestió de les fonts d’informació estadística i el paper que les biblioteques poden tenir per difondre-les. Aquest sector està immers en un canvi accelerat fruit dels nous suports digitals i d’Internet, però alhora pateix la baixa alfabetització estadística de la majoria dels usuaris potencials. En primer lloc es fa una introducció a les dades estadístiques: característiques metodològiques; productors (fonts i agències); circuits de creació i distribució; necessitats dels usuaris; mètodes de cerca i interfícies. En segon lloc s’avalua el paper de les biblioteques en la compra, gestió i difusió d’aquest tipus de material, des de la referència bàsica fins a l’alta investigació.

Las revistas electrónicas se están imponiendo como sistema de transmisión de la investigación científica. Se analizan las principales características de las publicaciones periódicas electrónicas, así como las fuentes de información que existen para acceder a los datos sobre revistas impresas y electrónicas. Se comentan los procedimientos que están empleando para difundir y comercializar las revistas elec-trónicas, así como las empresas que destacan en este sector y los servicios que ofrecen. ABSTRACT: Electronic journals are imposing themselves as the scientific information transmission vehicle. This paper analyzes the main characteristics of electronic jour-nals as well as the available on line resources to obtain all relevant information on electronic and printed journals. This paper also comments on procedures used to spread and to commercialize electronic journals including details on the leading companies and their services.

The paper considers the problem of the pricing policy determination in the company, selling information resource at the market. The problem of the optimal price determination for an information resource is solved depending on the time for the case when the seller-company has no competitors in the market, the market is saturated, and buyers are not able to further spread of the resource. Conditions for the optimal choice of information resource price have been obtained; the maximum possible income of the company has been calculated for linear demand function, and conditions, determining the duration and volume of sales, providing the maximum of average income of the company, have been obtained as well. The problem of optimal price choice is solved by macrosystem approach that has made it possible to reduce it to the isoperimetric kind. It is shown that the optimal price dependence on time for a linear demand function should provide a linearly increasing rate of sales. Conditions have been derived under which the sales proceedings for an information resource are positive, relationship is determined between volume of sales and timeline at which the average income during the sales reaches its maximum. The results are given in dimensionless form, thereby reducing the number of independent parameters. These results are usable for the pricing analysis of software and other information products.

© 2017 The International Society of Protistologists.Recent advances in molecular technology have revolutionized research on all aspects of the biology of organisms, including ciliates, and created unprecedented opportunities for pursuing a more integrative approach to investigations of biodiversity. However, this goal is complicated by large gaps and inconsistencies that still exist in the foundation of basic information about biodiversity of ciliates. The present paper reviews issues relating to the taxonomy of ciliates and presents specific recommendations for best practice in the observation and documentation of their biodiversity. This effort stems from a workshop that explored ways to implement six Grand Challenges proposed by the International Research Coordination Network for Biodiversity of Ciliates (IRCN-BC). As part of its commitment to strengthening the knowledge base that supports research on biodiversity of ciliates, the IRCN-BC proposes to populate The Ciliate Guide, an online database, with biodiversity-related data and metadata to create a resource that will facilitate accurate taxonomic identifications and promote sharing of data.

Este documento aborda el comportamiento que presentan los investigadores de la UNAM que pertenecen al Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNI) del área IV de Humanidades y Ciencias de la conducta al realizar su búsqueda de información para el desarrollo de sus investigaciones. La investigación consistió en averiguar cómo realizan la búsqueda de información; cuáles son las fuentes y recursos de información que utilizan; cuál es el idioma y la antigüedad en la que datan las fuentes informativas que consultan; si delegan o no la búsqueda de información a otra persona o intermediario; y si existe alguna influencia o relación en su comportamiento informativo entre los factores como la edad, categoría laboral y los años de antigüedad como investigadores en el SNI, con el uso de las bibliotecas e Internet, y con las monografías y publicaciones periódicas. Se aplicó la técnica de la encuesta haciendo uso del cuestionario, el cual se aplicó a una muestra estratificada para obtener una mayor representatividad del estudio. El análisis de los resultados fue de forma descriptiva y mediante el uso de cálculos estadísticos para constatar si existía alguna relación entre los elementos antes descritos. This paper addresses the behaviors of UNAM researchers belonging to the National System of Researchers (SNI) area IV of Humanities and behavior to make your search for information to develop their research. The research was to find out how to perform the search for information; What are the sources and information resources they use; what language and seniority dating consulting information sources; whether to delegate the search for information to another person or intermediary; and if there is any influence or relationship in their information behavior among factors such as age, employment status and years of service as researchers in the SNI, with the use of libraries and the Internet, and monographs and periodicals. Technical survey using the questionnaire, which was applied to a stratified sample for greater representativeness of the study was applied. The analysis of the results was descriptively and by using statistical calculations to see if there was any relationship between the elements described above.

This paper addresses the behaviors of UNAM researchers belonging to the National System of Researchers (SNI) area IV of Humanities and behavior to make your search for information to develop their research. The research was to find out how to perform the search for information; What are the sources and information resources they use; what language and seniority dating consulting information sources; whether to delegate the search for information to another person or intermediary; and if there is any influence or relationship in their information behavior among factors such as age, employment status and years of service as researchers in the SNI, with the use of libraries and the Internet, and monographs and periodicals. Technical survey using the questionnaire, which was applied to a stratified sample for greater representativeness of the study was applied. The analysis of the results was descriptively and by using statistical calculations to see if there was any relationship between the elements described above. Este documento aborda el comportamiento que presentan los investigadores de la UNAM que pertenecen al Sistema Nacional de Investigadores (SNI) del área IV de Humanidades y Ciencias de la conducta al realizar su búsqueda de información para el desarrollo de sus investigaciones. La investigación consistió en averiguar cómo realizan la búsqueda de información; cuáles son las fuentes y recursos de información que utilizan; cuál es el idioma y la antigüedad en la que datan las fuentes informativas que consultan; si delegan o no la búsqueda de información a otra persona o intermediario; y si existe alguna influencia o relación en su comportamiento informativo entre los factores como la edad, categoría laboral y los años de antigüedad como investigadores en el SNI, con el uso de las bibliotecas e Internet, y con las monografías y publicaciones periódicas. Se aplicó la técnica de la encuesta haciendo uso del cuestionario, el cual se aplicó a una muestra estratificada para obtener una mayor representatividad del estudio. El análisis de los resultados fue de forma descriptiva y mediante el uso de cálculos estadísticos para constatar si existía alguna relación entre los elementos antes descritos.

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie wyników badań dostępności zasobów informacyjnych gmin wiejskich województwa łódzkiego. Badania prowadzone były w pierwszej połowie 2015 r. i odnosiły się do dwóch rodzajów zasobów informacyjnych: 1) związanych z operacyjnymi dokumentami określającymi politykę finansową gmin, oraz 2) związanych z dokumentami o charakterze strategicznym, wyznaczającymi politykę przestrzenną. Dane empiryczne zgromadzono w oparciu o dostosowaną metodę WAES (Website Attribute Evaluation System), która wykorzystywana jest w analizach dostępności i przejrzystości portali internetowych. Metoda pozwoliła na określenie dostępności zasobów informacyjnych w analizowanych jednostkach samorządu. Następnie, dzięki wykorzystaniu metod analizy statystycznej, wskazano prawidłowości w udostępnianiu zasobów informacyjnych przez badane gminy wiejskie. Autorzy potwierdzili hipotezę, że jakość dostępu do zasobów informacyjnych gmin jest rezultatem konieczności zapewnienia transparentności działań samorządu finansowanych ze środków pomocowych Unii Europejskiej. The aim of the paper is to present findings from the research on accessibility of information resources of rural communes in the Łódzkie Province. The studies were conducted in the first half of 2015. Two categories of information resources were considered: 1) connected with operational documents on financial policy of communes, and 2) related to strategic documents on municipal spatial policy. Empirical data was collected by implementing modified Website Attribute Evaluation System (WAES) method, originally used to analyse accessibility and transparency of websites. In this manner the accessibility and transparency of information resources of investigated communes were characterised. Moreover, methods of statistical analysis were employed, thus illustrating. the accuracy of providing information resources for the public by investigated rural communes. As the result of the research, the authors confirmed the hypothesis that dissemination of information resources is positively influenced by the requirement to ensure transparency of municipal projects co-financed by the European Union.

Recent advances in molecular technology have revolutionized research on all aspects of the biology of organisms, including ciliates, and created unprecedented opportunities for pursuing a more integrative approach to investigations of biodiversity. However, this goal is complicated by large gaps and inconsistencies that still exist in the foundation of basic information about biodiversity of ciliates. The present paper reviews issues relating to the taxonomy of ciliates and presents specific recommendations for best practice in the observation and documentation of their biodiversity. This effort stems from a workshop that explored ways to implement six Grand Challenges proposed by the International Research Coordination Network for Biodiversity of Ciliates (IRCN-BC). As part of its commitment to strengthening the knowledge base that supports research on biodiversity of ciliates, the IRCN-BC proposes to populate The Ciliate Guide, an online database, with biodiversity-related data and metadata to create a resource that will facilitate accurate taxonomic identifications and promote sharing of data.

This paper aims to determine the preference and use of electronic information and resources by blind/visually impaired users in the leading National Capital Region (NCR) libraries of India. Survey methodology has been used as the basic research tool for data collection with the help of questionnaires. The 125 in total users surveyed in all the five libraries were selected randomly on the basis of willingness of the users with experience of working in digital environments to participate in the survey. The survey results were tabulated and analyzed with descriptive statistics methods using Excel software and 'Stata version 11'. The findings reveal that ICT have a positive impact in the lives of people with disabilities as it helps them to work independently and increases the level of confidence among them. The Internet is the most preferred medium of access to information among the majority of blind/visually impaired users. The 'Complexity of content available on the net' is found as the major challenge faced during Internet use by blind users of NCR libraries. 'Audio books on CDs/DVDs and DAISY books' are the most preferred electronic resources among the majority of blind/visually impaired users. This study will help the library professionals and organizations/institutions serving people with disabilities to develop effective library services for blind/visually impaired users in the digital environment on the basis of findings on information usage behavior in the study.

The paper is about the investigation of eight information resources management strategies. The main result of this investigation is a complex of analytical evaluations which can be used to systematically analyze the information resources security indicators and to construct the information systems with predefined security indicators. The regularities been found in changing the availability, integrity and confidentiality indicators for information resources management strategies let to increase some of these indicators in certain conditions.

Information is at the heart of research. Every stage of the research cycle involves discovering, accessing, generating, manipulating, interpreting or presenting information, in order to advance knowledge. Researchers operate within a complex information environment, with needs that they themselves perhaps do not always fully understand, and are dependent upon services which are fast-changing and affected by much wider social trends. This paper examines how researchers in the humanities currently access, use and share information, paying particular attention to the influence of new technologies in changing information — and consequently wider research — practices. It finds that researchers are adopting new technologies where this helps them to work more effectively, but that traditional practices still dominate in some areas. There is mixed evidence of new research questions emerging as a result of engagement with new technologies.