1. Socioeconomic and Fiscal Impact of Large-Scale Gold Mining in Mali
- Author
-
Sanoh, Aly and Coulibaly, Massaoly
- Subjects
PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING ,INVESTMENT ,PUBLIC SERVICE ,TAX ,INFRASTRUCTURE ,ECONOMIC GROWTH ,BUDGET ,GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT ,PER CAPITA EXPENDITURES ,FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT CAPACITY ,WATER ,health care economics and organizations ,FISCAL SPACE ,INVESTMENTS ,LOCAL CAPACITY ,MUNICIPALITIES ,SUB-NATIONAL ,FISCAL BURDEN ,GOVERNMENTS ,RETURNS ,POVERTY ,SHARES ,RESERVES ,GOODS ,PUBLIC SPENDING ,METALS ,TAX COLLECTION ,GOVERNMENT BUDGET ,CITY ,REVENUE COLLECTION ,LIVING STANDARDS ,DISTRICT ,CAPITAL INVESTMENT ,SUBSIDIES ,MARKETS ,PROFIT ,LEAD ,EXPORTERS ,SANITATION ,POLLUTION ,TRANSFERS ,STATUTORY LAWS ,DISTRICTS ,PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS ,REVENUE LEVELS ,NATIONAL BUDGET ,SERVICES ,PUBLIC SECTOR ,CORPORATE INCOME TAX ,MARKET ,DURABLE ,PAPER ,CAPITAL EXPENDITURES ,EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA ,LOCAL CAPACITIES ,FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT ,COEFFICIENTS ,ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ,LOCAL INFRASTRUCTURE ,CENTRAL BANK ,OIL BOOM ,ELECTRICITY ,TEXTBOOKS ,LOCAL DEVELOPMENT FUNDS ,IRRIGATION ,POLITICAL ECONOMY ,EXCHANGE ,ROADS ,ACCOUNTING ,BUDGETS ,TAXATION ,INCOME TAX ,SECURITY ,LOCAL GOVERNMENT ,LOCAL MARKETS ,STATE BUDGET ,DECENTRALIZATION ,LOCAL GOVERNMENTS ,COMMUNITY ,FISCAL IMPACT ,DISTRICT LEVEL ,CENTRAL GOVERNMENT ,GOOD ,EQUIPMENT ,PUBLIC RESOURCES ,REVENUE ,TURNOVER ,TAX BURDEN ,TAXES ,EQUITY ,TREASURY ,LAND ,SPENDING ,CURRENT EXPENDITURES ,FUELS ,SECTORAL DISTRIBUTION ,MATERIALS ,GOVERNMENT REVENUE ,TAX REVENUES ,EXPENDITURES ,DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ,INTERNATIONAL BANK ,FINANCIAL RESOURCES ,PUBLIC ,MANAGEMENT ,LABOR ,PROFIT MARGINS ,EQUITY RETURNS ,HOUSING ,BUDGETING ,PUBLIC GOODS ,LOCAL ECONOMY ,STREET CLEANING ,REVENUES ,PUBLIC INVESTMENT ,PUBLIC WORKS ,CAPITAL EXPENDITURE ,LOCAL TAXES ,SHARE ,INVESTMENT SPENDING ,POVERTY RATE ,MINING ,EXPENDITURE ,TAX SYSTEM - Abstract
This paper analyzes the socioeconomic, fiscal, and governance impact of gold mining in Mali. The analysis finds that, at the national level, mining plays an important role by contributing to export earnings and overall government fiscal revenue. In 2013, the mining sector represented 7 percent of gross domestic product, contributed 1.5 percent to growth in total gross domestic product, and accounted for 65 percent of total export earnings and 25 percent of total government budget revenues. At the local level, despite higher population growth, there is some evidence that outcomes (poverty and infrastructure services) are marginally better in mining communes compared with non-mining communes. Local governments receive fiscal windfalls that are spent significantly on education capital expenditures and current expenditures (salaries and non-salaries). Non-salary current expenditures are 10 times higher in mining areas. Analysis of the political economy of public service provision at the local level suggests that technical or absorptive capacities may be the bottleneck to increasing the local benefit of mining instead of corruption or accountability.
- Published
- 2015