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This chapter examines the themes appearing in the Dunhuang frescoes that illustrate the coexistence of humans and nature, their mutual and reciprocal relationships, and the living environment of humanity. Agriculture was the primary livelihood in ancient Chinese society; therefore, the most significant relationship for people was with nature. Often human beings interpret nature through symbolism, as displayed in the colorful and rich Dunhuang paintings. This study seeks insights from the natural world depicted in ancient China in order to reconnect and rekindle our love for and appreciation of nature and our environment as an important part of contemporary education. The purpose is to reverse the trend of human alienation from nature and to prevent the human destruction of nature via aesthetic education and inspiration.

As wide-field scanning solar irradiance monitors (SIMs) on the FY-3(01) satellite and FY-3(02) satellite have short measuring time and low accuracy, the high precision sun-tracking measurement of the SIM on the FY-3(03) satellite was explored. Firstly, the sun-tracking accuracy and the rotation angle of the SIM were analyzed, the field of view, frequency and the resolution of the Digital Sun Sensor (DSS) were tested and determined, and the on-orbit image irradiance of the DSS was calibrated. In order to eliminate the jitter tracking, the relationship between the control interval and the tracking accuracy was analyzed, and the ideal control interval was determined to be 500 ms. The experiment on ground and on-orbit show that the sun-tracking accuracy of SIM is better than 0.1, the pitch on-orbit tracking accuracy, yaw on-orbit tracking accuracy are 0.029 and 0.025, respectively, and the original TSI value measured successfully by the SIM is 1353.1 W/m2. Moreover, the DSS shows an accurate sun pointing and reliable sun-tracking control, by which the measurement time of TSI is increased significantly. The experiment shows that the SIM on the FY-3(03) satellite implements the sun-tracking measurement on the sun synchronous satellite, and the tracking accuracy is about 10 times that of the similar payload CPD on International Space Station (ISS).

Potassium zinc phosphate(KZnPO4) was synthesized by solid-state reaction using K3PO4·3H2O and ZnSO4·7H2O as reagents.Experimental project was designed by uniform design and data mining technology.The obtained product was characterized by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope and energy disperses spectroscopy,and its property of long lasting phosphorescence was also studied.Based on the yield and zinc content,two mathematical models were established by regression analysis.The best technology conditions of synthesis can be obtained by optimization of these two models.Under the optimum reaction conditions: molar ratio of n(K3PO4·3H2O)∶n(ZnSO4·7H2O)=1.01,grinding time 31 min,holding temperature 750 ℃,holding time 3.2 h,the prepared product is KZnPO4 with nano-lamellar structure.After ultraviolet radiation,the obtained product show blue-green long lasting phosphorescence and the highest emission peak is located at 415～530 nm.

Solar Irradiance Monitor(SIM) on the FY-3C satellite was designed to be a Small-field-of-view Radiometer(SFoV-R) with a precise solar pointing system to decrease the measurement uncertainty derived from the wide field-of-view of SIM on FY-3A and FY-3B satellites.To obtain the measurement uncertainty derived from the SFoV-R,the field-of-view of SFoV-R on FY-3C satellite determined by a view-limiting aperture and a precision aperture was calculated.Based on this field-of-view,a theoretical change curve of the measured irradiance incidence angle was achieved.Then,an actual measurement of the change curves was performed.The result indicates that the relative deviation on an average between the theoretical and measured change curves is 1%-2%,which is close to the limit accuracy of the measuring installation and proves the veracity of the calculated values for field-of-view.The correction term of radiation exchange between space and the radiometer is estimated to be 2.023 W/m2 based on the calculated field-of-view.Experiments show that the standard deviation of this correction term can be neglected compared to the requirement of solar irradiance measurement accuracy.

A serial of Er3+∶Ag-bismuth glass nanocomposites were prepared by the conventional melting-quenching method.The effect of nano-silver addition on the emission intensity of Er3+ was investigated.The experimental results indicate that Ag nanoparticles of mass fraction of 0.2% drastically enhances the intensity(~4.6 times) of 1.53 μm emission bands of Er3+.Local field enhancement induced by Ag0 surface plasmon resonance(SPR) and energy transfer from fluorescent Ag0→Er3+ ions are found to be responsible for this enhancement.