1. Are localized prostate cancer biomarkers useful in the clinical practice?
- Author
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Rafael Sanchez-Salas, Adam G. Sowalsky, Paulo Priante Kayano, Guilherme Jose Reche, Carolina Ko Chen, Giulio Costa Cavlini, Álan Roger Gomes Barbosa, Arie Carneiro, Marcelo Langer Wroclawski, Bianca Bianco, and Marcos Tobias-Machado
- Subjects
Male ,Oncology ,PCA3 ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Prostate cancer ,0302 clinical medicine ,Prostate ,Internal medicine ,Biopsy ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,medicine ,Humans ,In patient ,Prostate Health Index ,RC254-282 ,SelectMDx ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Prostatectomy ,biomarkers ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,ConfirmMDx ,General Medicine ,Prostate-Specific Antigen ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,4K score ,Clinical Practice ,Prostate-specific antigen ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Oncotype ,ExoDx ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,business - Abstract
Prostate cancer presents itself in a heterogeneous way with both aggressive and indolent forms. Despite the controversy surrounding its use, prostate-specific antigen screening ultimately leads to a greater number of diagnosed patients. One of the biggest challenges in clinical practice is to select the right patients for biopsy and, among diagnosed patients, to differentiate tumors with an indolent course from those with an unfavorable prognosis, in order to determine the best therapeutic decision for each case, avoiding unnecessary interventions. Currently, several types of biomarkers are available for clinical use in patients with prostate cancer, which include blood-based (prostate-specific antigen, Prostate Health Index®, 4K score®); urine sample-based (PCA3, SelectMDx®, ExoDx Prostate IntelliScore®); and biopsy, transurethral resection, or radical prostatectomy tissue-based (ConfirmMDx®, Oncotype®, Prolaris®, Decipher®). The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current state of evidence and to highlight recent advances in the evaluation and diagnosis of prostate cancer, with emphasis on biomarkers related to diagnosis and to prognostic evaluation of localized prostate cancer.
- Published
- 2018
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