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Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Species accumulation curves (SAC) determined using the specaccum function from vegan package in R using method = “random” and permutations = 500. SAC plot shows the increase in ASVs detected with the addition of each patient sample. Supplementary Figure 2. NMDS plot showing beta diversity of CF patient treated with azithromycin based on Bray-Curtis dissimilarities. Each patient is color coded and was sampled up to three time points: Pre (≤24 months pre-initiation treatment), day 0 (start day on azithromycin) and Post (≤24 months post its initiation treatment). Arrows indicate the timewise sequence of samples (i.e. Pre to day 0 to Post).

RESUMEN Esta investigación tiene como objetivo principal la adaptación cultural, el análisis de la validez discriminante y de la confiabilidad de la Adaptación argentina de la Escala Abreviada de Ira en la Conducción (DAS). Se trata de un estudio instrumental, cuantitativo y transaccional. En primer lugar, se realizó la adaptación lingüística de los ítems, mediante el análisis de contenido y entrevistas a 15 conductores residentes en Asunción, Paraguay. Posteriormente, para determinar la capacidad discriminativa de la versión adaptada, se realizó una prueba piloto con una muestra de 15 conductores que refirieron conducir con tráfico y otras 15 personas que lo hacían sin tráfico. La muestra final, seleccionada de manera no probabilística, estuvo compuesta por 397 conductores que residen y conducen en calles de la ciudad de Asunción, Paraguay. Se reporta buena discriminación entre las dos muestras de la prueba piloto y coeficientes Alfas superiores a 0,70. Se concluye que la versión adaptada del test cumple con las condiciones para ser empleadas en investigaciones con la población paraguaya. ABSTRACT This research had as main objective the cultural adaptation, the analysis of the discriminant validation and the reliability of the Argentine Adaptation of the Abbreviated Rage Scale in Driving (DAS). It is an instrumental, quantitative and transactional study. First, the linguistic adaptation of the articles was carried out, through content analysis and interviews with 15 drivers residing in Asunción, Paraguay. Subsequently, to determine the discriminative capacity of the adapted version, a pilot test was conducted with a sample of 15 drivers who reported driving with traffic and another 15 people who have no traffic. The final sample, selected in a non-probabilistic way, was composed of 397 drivers who reside and drive on the streets of the city of Asunción, Paraguay. Good discrimination is reported between the two samples of the pilot test and Alfas coefficients greater than 0.70. It is concluded that the adapted version of the exam meets the conditions to be used in research with the Paraguayan population.

Introduction: Presbyphagia is characterized by changes in the role of swallowing during the aging of the human being in what are expected slowness and reduction of movements of oral structures, which cause an adaptation to feeding process and leaves the elderly propensity to develop dysphagia. Aim: This paper aims to characterize the oral facial function of swallowing in elderly and establishing expected changes that occur with aging. Material and Methods: This is a systematic review of literature with a descriptive statistical analysis of survey data published over the past 10 years, through the descriptors and their combinations: aging, elderly, swallowing and dysphagia, videofluroscopy of swallowing and clinical evaluation of deglutition. Results: Were located 92 articles published, being relevant for this study 17. Conclusion: The data from this study suggest that the elderly have modifications in case of swallowing, but these factors alone do not cause dysphagia but adaptations of structures in order to achieve a safe swallowing. Keywords: Aging; Swallowing; Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences; Presbyphagia; A presbifagia se caracteriza pelas modificações na função da deglutição durante o envelhecimento do ser humano, que desencadeia uma adaptação ao processo de alimentação e deixa o idoso propenso a desenvolver disfagia. Este estudo tem como objetivos caracterizar a função orofacial da deglutição em idosos e estabelecer as modificações esperadas que ocorram com o envelhecimento natural. Os materiais e métodos caracterizados por pesquisa de revisão da literatura, com análise estatística descritiva, realizada através do levantamento de publicações em torno dos últimos dez anos, com os seguintes descritores e suas combinações: envelhecimento, idoso, deglutição, disfagia, videofluoroscopia da deglutição e avaliação clínica da deglutição. Foram localizados 92 artigos publicados, dos quais 17 pertinentes para este estudo, cujo foco é a deglutição no envelhecimento. Foram excluídos os estudos que caracterizavam a disfagia do idoso. Os dados apontam que os idosos apresentam modificações no processo de deglutição, mas esse fator isoladamente não causa disfagia e, sim, provoca adaptações das estruturas a fim de realizar uma deglutição segura. A presbifagia é, portanto, o processo modificado e caracterizado pela demora na realização das funções da mastigação e deglutição e com a possibilidade de mudança nos hábitos alimentares, presença de estase e descoordenação na transição do bolo alimentar no envelhecimento senescente.