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The increasing number of security incidents highlights the growing importance of cybersecurity, particularly in industrial environments. Education and awareness of secure coding practices are fundamental to secure products and services. In this paper, we explore the potential of CyberSecurity Challenges (CSCs), a serious game that is designed to raise awareness of industrial software developers about secure coding, to train the next generation of professionals in undergraduate programs. Our work details how to tailor the game to the training environment and assesses its effectiveness through an experiment undertaken with 16 trainees. The findings of our work reveal that the CSC game can contribute to raising awareness of secure coding practices among next-generation trainees, and highlights the potential that the game has when used in an academic setting. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Objective: Osteosarcoma lung metastases have a wide variety of CT presentations, representing a challenge for radiologists. Knowledge of atypical CT patterns of lung metastasis is important to differentiate it from benign lung disease and synchronous lung cancer, as well as to determine the extent of primary disease. The objective of this study was to analyze CT features of osteosarcoma lung metastasis before and during chemotherapy. Methods: Two radiologists independently reviewed chest CT images of 127 patients with histopathologically confirmed osteosarcoma treated between May 10, 2012 and November 13, 2020. The images were divided into two groups for analysis: images obtained before chemotherapy and images obtained during chemotherapy (initial CT examination). Results: Seventy-five patients were diagnosed with synchronous or metachronous lung metastases. The most common CT findings were nodules (in 95% of the patients), distributed bilaterally (in 86%), with no predominance regarding craniocaudal distribution (in 71%). Calcification was observed in 47%. Less common findings included intravascular lesions (in 16%), cavitation (in 7%), and the halo sign (in 5%). The primary tumor size was significantly greater (i.e., > 10 cm) in patients with lung metastasis. Conclusions: On CT scans, osteosarcoma lung metastases typically appear as bilateral solid nodules. However, they can have atypical presentations, with calcification being the most common. Knowledge of the typical and atypical CT features of osteosarcoma lung metastasis could play a key role in improving image interpretation in these cases.

This work focuses on the study of water–sediment interaction around abandoned uranium mines with open-pit lakes and mine dumps. Nineteen water and eleven stream sediment samples were collected in the abandoned Barrôco D. Frango mine, central Portugal. The trace element distribution was compared with other abandoned uranium mines in Portugal and worldwide. Generally, U, Th, and As contents in the open-pit water are high and similar to those of downstream water, suggesting its infuence on aquatic systems. In abandoned mines with small to medium U exploitation, the stream sediments are moderately to heavily contaminated with U, Th and As, being U and As the most important contaminants, confrmed by their partition coefcients. A moderate to considerable potential ecological risk (34–79) was found around the abandoned Barrôco D. Frango mine area, mainly due to As contents in stream sediments. Water and stream sediments from abandoned U mines worldwide have U levels of up to 436 µg/L and 5024 mg/kg, respectively, while those from Barrôco D. Frango have 37.3 µg/L and 189 mg/kg, respectively. However, the longer the distance from the Barrôco D. Frango open-pit lake and mine dump, the higher U, Th and As contents in stream sediments, which is a warning indicator. Cluster heat maps of the water composition from four abandoned uranium mine areas show that Mondego Sul and Barrôco D. Frango mines are the most geochemically similar. Results show that stream sediments should be included in water quality management and future remediation plans of abandoned uranium mines., This work was funded by the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), through (i) national funds, by the projects UID/GEO/04035/2016 — GeoBioTec- GeoBioSciences, GeoTechnologies and GeoEngineering, UIDB/04683/2020, UIDP/04683/2020 — ICT and UIDB/MAR/04292/2020 — MARE (Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre); (ii) a Sabbatical grant (ref. SFRH/ BSAB/150395/2019) hold by Pedro P. Cunha (Programa Operacional Capital Humano).

Despite mounting evidence that dark matter (DM) exists in the Universe, its fundamental nature remains unknown. We present sensitivity estimates to detect DM particles with a future very-high-energy ($\gtrsim$ TeV) wide field-of-view gamma-ray observatory in the Southern Hemisphere, currently in its research and development phase under the name Southern Wide field-of-view Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO). This observatory would search for gamma rays from the annihilation or decay of DM particles in many key targets in the Southern sky, such as the Galactic halo, several dwarf galaxies, including the promising Reticulum II, and the Large Magellanic Cloud. With a wide field of view and long exposures, such observatory will have unprecedented sensitivity to DM in the mass range of $\sim$100 GeV to a few PeV from observations of a large fraction of the Galactic halo around the Galactic Center and from Galactic subhalos targets. These results, combined with those from other present and future gamma-ray observatories, will likely probe the thermal relic annihilation cross section of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles for all masses from $\sim$80 TeV down to the GeV range in most annihilation channels.

It has been established that Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRB) can produce Very High Energy radiation (E > 100 GeV), opening a new window on the investigation of particle acceleration and radiation properties in the most energetic domain. We expect that next-generation instruments, such as the Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA), will mark a huge improvement in their observation. However, constraints on the target visibility and the limited duty cycle of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (IACT) reduce their ability to react promptly to transient events and to characterise their general properties. Here we show that an instrument based on the Extensive Air Shower (EAS) array concept, proposed by the Southern Wide Field-of-view Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO) Collaboration, has promising possibilities to detect and track VHE emission from GRBs. Observations made by the Fermi Large Area Telescope (Fermi-LAT) identified some events with a distinct spectral component, extending above $1\,$GeV or even $10\,$GeV, which can represent a substantial fraction of the emitted energy and also arise in early stages of the process. Using models based on these properties, we estimate the possibilities that a wide field of view and large effective area ground-based monitoring facility has to probe VHE emission from GRBs. We show that the ability to monitor VHE transients with a nearly continuous scanning of the sky grants an opportunity to access simultaneous electromagnetic counterparts to Multi-Messenger triggers up to cosmological scales, in a way that is not available to IACTs., Proceedings of the 37th International Cosmic-Ray Conference. Accepted by PoS

The SWGO Collaboration is in the process of designing and prototyping a wide field of view, high duty cycle complement to CTA and the existing ground-based particle detectors of the Northern Hemisphere (HAWC and LHAASO). In this contribution, we will compare the various technological options for designing the detector and present an overarching system design accommodating them. We will introduce a feasible reference configuration that is used for the first large-scale simulations and cost estimates, and show ongoing prototyping work focused on reaching a maintenance-free and cost-effective detector.

The Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO) will use the well-established and cost-effective technique of detecting Cherenkov light produced in water-filled detection units for TeV gamma-ray astronomy. Leveraging detector material reflectivity together with an optimised aspect ratio is an option to improve the performance of an array of such detector units. The double-layered Water Cherenkov Detector units comprise chambers with single photosensors in each. A reflective upper compartment enhances sensitivity to impinging secondary particles. A shallow lower compartment enables muon tagging and consequently improves the gamma hadron separation power of the observatory. Here we present detailed studies on the double-layered unit design.

The Southern Wide-field Gamma-ray Observatory (SWGO) is a proposed ground-based gamma-ray detector that will be located in the Southern Hemisphere and is currently in its design phase. In this contribution, we will outline the prospects for Galactic science with this Observatory. Particular focus will be given to the detectability of extended sources, such as gamma-ray halos around pulsars; optimisation of the angular resolution to mitigate source confusion between known TeV sources; and studies of the energy resolution and sensitivity required to study the spectral features of PeVatrons at the highest energies. Such a facility will ideally complement contemporaneous observatories in studies of high energy astrophysical processes in our Galaxy., PoS: Proceedings of Science, 395, ISSN:1824-8039, 37th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2021)

Nowadays, groundwater vulnerability assessment has become a useful tool for groundwater contamination prevention. Groundwater vulnerability maps provide useful data to protect groundwater resources and work as a tool for the improvement of changes in agricultural patterns and land use applications. The study area of this research survey is the Naturtejo UNESCO Global Geopark, located in central inland Portugal and corresponding to a mainly rural territory where intensive agricultural practices showed a rising tendency in the last decades. The most used method of vulnerability evaluation is the DRASTIC index. In this survey, a modified DRASTIC method, DRASTICAI, is introduced. A new attribute designated as Anthropogenic Influence is introduced. Map algebra in a GIS environment allowed the computation of two maps by overlaying the needed attributes. The Vila-Velha-de Rodão and Idanha-a-Nova municipalities show moderate to high vulnerability and, therefore, in need of monitoring, since intensive agricultural practices are the main economic activity. The algebraic subtraction of DRASTIC and DRASTICAI maps revealed a considerable increase in the risk of contamination, over the surveyed area, namely in Idanha-a-Nova where it is observed risk increase up to 45 points, changing from moderately vulnerable to highly vulnerable and, therefore, stressing the importance of anthropogenic activities., (undefined)

Nowadays, companies are increasingly using cloud-based platform for its convenience and flexibility. However, companies still need to protect their assets when deploying their infrastructure in the cloud. Over the last years, the number of cloud-specific vulnerabilities has been increasing. In this work, we introduce a serious game to help participants to understand the inherent risks, understand the different roles, and to encourage proactive defensive thinking. Our game includes an automated evaluator as a novel element. The players are invited to build defense plans and attack plans, which will be checked by the evaluator. We design the game and organize a trial-run in an industrial setting. Our preliminary results bring insight into the design of such a game, and constitute the first step in a research using design science. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Awareness of cybersecurity topics, e.g., related to secure coding guidelines, enables software developers to write secure code. This awareness is vital in industrial environments for the products and services in critical infrastructures. In this work, we introduce and discuss a new serious game designed for software developers in the industry. This game addresses software developers' needs and is shown to be well suited for raising secure coding awareness of software developers in the industry. Our work results from the experience of the authors gained in conducting more than ten CyberSecurity Challenges in the industry. The presented game design, which is shown to be well accepted by software developers, is a novel alternative to traditional classroom training. We hope to make a positive impact in the industry by improving the cybersecurity of products at their early production stages., Comment: Preprint accepted for publication at the 17. Deutscher IT-Sicherheitskongress. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2102.05345

Nowadays, groundwater vulnerability assessment has become a useful tool for groundwater contamination prevention. Groundwater vulnerability maps provide useful data to protect groundwater resources and work as a tool for the improvement of changes in agricultural patterns and land use applications. The study area of this research survey is the Naturtejo UNESCO Global Geopark, located in central inland Portugal and corresponding to a mainly rural territory where intensive agricultural practices showed a rising tendency in the last decades. The most used method of vulnerability evaluation is the DRASTIC index. In this survey, a modified DRASTIC method, DRASTICAI, is introduced. A new attribute designated as Anthropogenic Influence is introduced. Map algebra in a GIS environment allowed the computation of two maps by overlaying the needed attributes. The Vila-Velha-de Rodão and Idanha-a-Nova municipalities show moderate to high vulnerability and, therefore, in need of monitoring, since intensive agricultural practices are the main economic activity. The algebraic subtraction of DRASTIC and DRASTICAI maps revealed a considerable increase in the risk of contamination, over the surveyed area, namely in Idanha-a-Nova where it is observed risk increase up to 45 points, changing from moderately vulnerable to highly vulnerable and, therefore, stressing the importance of anthropogenic activities.

Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-28T19:46:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) To evaluate the geometrical influence of new types of hollow concrete blocks, six different geometries were investigated using self-consolidating concrete to fabricate the blocks. The cell shapes studied were circular, hexagonal and rectangular comprising a total of six different net areas. Mechanical tests of the blocks and masonry prisms constructed using the blocks were performed, as well as a finite element analysis of the thermal resistance of the blocks. The fresh and hardened properties of self-compacting concrete were evaluated. The results showed that the cell shapes influenced the block compressive strength capacity. The block with the circular cell had the highest axial compressive strength. Prisms with circular and hexagonal cells had higher axial compressive strength than the prisms with rectangular cells. Larger longitudinal wall thicknesses of blocks provided a greater capacity to absorb deformations, except for the blocks with rectangular cells, which had low strength and deformation capacity. The linear relationship between the increase in cell area as a function of inner temperature caused a reduction of heat transfer in the inner and outer surfaces as the cell area increased. In general, this study demonstrated that the cell geometry influenced the investigated properties, but also showed the possibility of manufacturing blocks using self-consolidating concrete. Civil Engineering Department São Paulo State University (UNESP) Department of Biosystems Engineering University of São Paulo (USP) Civil Engineering Department São Paulo State University (UNESP)

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-31T09:01:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TS2020-010-dis-MEPA.pdf: 1766206 bytes, checksum: 7369817fa652c078b7d06a4b6d1989a9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020 Dissertação (Mestrado em Química) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências, Fortaleza. Coorientador: Renato Carrhá Leitão

Os sistemas de produção animal de baixo input e multifuncionais que otimizam o uso dos recursos forrageiros nativos e raças localmente adaptadas, contribuem com a conservação dos recursos genéticos e de outros inúmeros serviços ecossistêmicos aliados com o aumento da produtividade. Para que estes sistemas sejam sustentáveis, estratégias de manejo devem ser adotadas para maximizar a heterogeneidade de habitats por meio da diversificação de multi-espécies (animais domésticos e silvestres) e multi-raças, associadas com estratégias de manejo que contribuam com a diversificação de forrageiras nativas, especialmente as de alta qualidade, visando a redução da emissão de metano. Esse trabalho evidencia a importância desses sistemas no Pantanal pois proporciona a conservação desta região rica em biodiversidade por meio da utilização de raças localmente adaptadas (bovinos, cavalo e ovino Pantaneiro) aliado à produção animal sustentável e de inúmeros serviços ecossistêmicos, entre os quais a provisão de proteína de alto valor biológico (carne) e a conservação de recursos forrageiros nativos. Made available in DSpace on 2019-04-02T00:32:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sandra.pdf: 2770432 bytes, checksum: a4a09a002a07b653af39e1ed5199740a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019

Thermal mineral waters are a potential resource in the local and economic development of a region. The thermal area of Termas das Águas is in the inner region of central Portugal and its grant will enable the exploration and exploitation of this water resource for medical and therapeutic purposes through a thermal medical SPA. In Portugal, the classification and legalization of a thermal unit must provide a natural mineral water resource, recognized by Portuguese Energy and Geology General Directorate and integrated in a concession granted by the Portuguese Government. For this purpose, it will be necessary to have available mineral water, with physico-chemical and microbiological, temporal stability, ensuring water’s high quality. The purpose of a certified mineral water includes a detailed geomorphological, geological and hydrogeological characterization of the survey area, as well as the water's compositional temporal stability. Only after the recognition conferred by the national agency as a natural mineral water, it is possible to start a medical-hydrological study, for this resource. This process follows an experimental period of 3 years, during which it is implemented the different and specific balneotherapy techniques associated with the therapeutic features of the mineral water. A final report, to be submitted to Portuguese General Directorate for Health, will gather the main results and conclusions, regarding the benefits of this natural resource on human health, and allow its inclusion as an official medical thermal SPA in the Portuguese Normative Decrees. The main subject of this research is the geological and hydrogeological characterization of Termas das Águas aquifer, as well as the mineral water quality study (AM4 – well). The main topics for the medical hydrological study, mainly related to rheumatic and respiratory diseases, are also presented to the medical SPA of Termas das Águas., Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia(UID/GEO/04683/2013)

Os elementos potencialmente tóxicos (EPT) em sedimentos de corrente constituem uma importante ferramenta na avaliação do risco ambiental na influência de depósitos minerais. A região de Monfortinho está localizada na bacia hidrográfica do rio Erges, que faz fronteira com Espanha. Desde a época romana, que se conhecem evidências da exploração de ouro sedimentar nesta região do país, a qual tem vindo a desaparecer ao longo do tempo. Na avaliação da distribuição espacial de EPT selecionados – As, B, Ba, Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, V e Zn - foram analisadas 217 amostras de sedimentos de corrente. Os sedimentos de corrente mostram uma elevada variabilidade na concentração dos EPT, podendo concluir-se que os valores mais elevados se relacionam com as mineralizações de Au na região de Monfortinho, bem como, com as de Sn-W que ocorrem nas proximidades. A maioria dos EPT apresenta um fator de contaminação moderado, embora para o Ba, Cr e B este seja elevado a muito elevado; o que se reflete num grau de contaminação moderado a elevado para a área de estudo. Na influência dos vários EPT, a maioria da área mostra um índice de resposta à toxicidade baixo, embora em 5% das amostras este seja moderado., Potentially toxic elements (PTE) of stream sediments are an important tool in environmental risk assessment associated with mineralized deposits. εonfortinho is in the watershed of the Erges river, a transboundary river with Spain. Since Roman period, there is evidence of sedimentary gold exploitation in this region, which has ceased over time. To define a spatial distribution of selected PTE - As, B, Ba, Cd, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, V and Zn - β17 samples of stream sediments were analysed. Stream sediments show a high PTE contents variability, suggesting that the highest values are related to the Au mineralization in εonfortinho, as well as the Sn-→ mineralization’s around the study area. Almost stream sediments show a moderate PTE contamination factor, although for Ba, Cr and B has a very high contamination; which is reflected in a moderate to high degree of contamination in the area. All the PTE contribution indicate a low toxic response index for the area, although for 5% of stream sediments indicate a moderate associated toxicity., Os autores agradecem ao δNEG (atual representante dos Serviços Geológicos de Portugal) pela cedência dos dados. Este trabalho foi desenvolvido no âmbito do ICT – Universidade do εinho (Braga)., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Panasqueira Mine (Portugal) has been mainly exploited for wolframite, cassiterite and chalcopyrite (W, Sn, Cu). Through the detailed and careful characterization of tailings with different mineralogy, new invaluable insights into the weathering characteristics of many different minerals will be received, making possible proper risk assessments, and predict which type of tailings might pose severe future environmental risk namely to the Zêzere river. The Zêzere River is an important river and is under the Cabeço do Pião tailings influence. The knowledge and methods acquired will lead to a conceptual model working as guidance to a more sustainable mining in the hereafter., This work of the project Remine was funded with public national funds from FCT under the programme for International Cooperation ERA-NET, supported by ERA-MIN (2011-2015) funded under the EU 7th Framework Programme FP7-NMP having also for partners the Technical University of Luleå (Sweden) and the National Institute for Metals and Radioactive Resources (INCDMRR), Romania., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Often, in pet birds, any stimulus to lay eggs is unwanted in order to reduce reproductive diseases and disorders. The objectives of this study were: to determine the time necessary to promote ovary involution after an eight hour photoperiod using laying Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica); to connect the ovarian radiographic measurements with egg production; and to compare these measurements with direct ovary data obtained at necropsy. Birds were separated into three groups: 12h/24d (control group - 12h photoperiod for 24 days), 8h/24d and 8h/36d (8h photoperiod for 24 and 36 days). After euthanasia, all cadavers were x-rayed to measure ovary length and height. Birds were necropsied to measure ovarian length and weight. Results: radiographic ovary length demonstrated strong and positive correlation (r=0.96) with direct ovary length of all three groups; laying quails showed higher ovary height (p=0.025) and length (p=0.009) than non-laying quails; eight hours of artificial light per day promotes ovary length (p=0.025) and weight (p=0.009) reduction. Conclusions: radiography can estimate the ovary measure and indicate posture; an eight hour photoperiod of 24 days is not enough to promote ovarian regression, while the use of reduced photoperiod for 36 days promotes significant ovary involution. RESUMO Em aves de estimação, geralmente se opta pela redução de estímulos para a postura de ovos visando reduzir a ocorrência de doenças e alterações reprodutivas. Os objetivos deste estudo foram: determinar o tempo necessário para a involução ovariana após um fotoperíodo de oito horas de iluminação usando codornas-japonesas (Coturnix coturnix japonica) na fase de postura; relacionar as medidas radiográficas com a postura de ovos; e comparar estas com as medidas diretas obtidas à necropsia. As aves foram divididas em três grupos: 12h/24d (controle - fotoperíodo de 12 horas por 24 dias), 08h/24d e 08h/36d (fotoperíodo de oito horas por 24 e 36 dias). Após a eutanásia, os cadáveres foram radiografados para mensuração do comprimento e da altura do ovário. Foi efetuada a necropsia para aferição das medidas e pesagem dos ovários. Os resultados mostraram que: o comprimento ovariano obtido por meio de imagem radiográfica apresentou forte correlação positiva (r=0,96) com o comprimento direto do ovário das aves dos três grupos; as aves em período de postura apresentaram maiores medidas de altura do ovário (P=0,025) e comprimentos ovarianos (P=0,009) do que as aves fora de postura; a restrição de luminosidade com oito horas diárias de luz artificial promoveu redução do comprimento ovariano (P=0,025) e da massa ovariana (P=0,009). Conclusões: a radiografia pode estimar a medida do ovário e indicar postura; um fotoperíodo de oito horas de luz por 24 dias não é satisfatório para obter uma regressão ovariana, enquanto 36 dias com o fotoperíodo reduzido promovem uma significativa redução ovariana.

Submitted by Divis??o de Documenta????o/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2017-09-27T20:33:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Disserta????o - M??rio C??sar Q. Albuquerque.pdf: 457600 bytes, checksum: ffcf51b3e5887e0afc4b447c70aa73f4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Divis??o de Documenta????o/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2017-09-27T20:33:18Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Disserta????o - M??rio C??sar Q. Albuquerque.pdf: 457600 bytes, checksum: ffcf51b3e5887e0afc4b447c70aa73f4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-27T20:33:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Disserta????o - M??rio C??sar Q. Albuquerque.pdf: 457600 bytes, checksum: ffcf51b3e5887e0afc4b447c70aa73f4 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-19 The present work adopts as a research line the social function of Federal Special Courts in the process of the construction of citizenship in Brazil. It analyzes the construction and evolution of the concept of Citizenship, the ideas and theories that underpinned the relevance of citizens' rights as a foundation for access to justice intertwined with the concept of the Social Contract. It analyzes the connection between the State and justice as the construction of the exercise of citizenship, addressing some topics of access to justice in Brazil access to justice as a right. The study also highlights access to justice and the construction of state ideology as an instrument of social inclusion, considering it as the fundamental right to achieve the principle of human dignity. It is also in relation to the jurisdictional provision of the State as An indispensable element for the construction of Brazilian citizenship, the reflection of the ruling classes of power is more important, since such a legitimate participation of those who are in power, even if by virtue of the legislation, such jurisdictional services can be exercised by the citizen And claimed to the State due to the rule of laws to which it is also subordinated. The Federal Special Courts in Amazonas, of the Federal Regional Court of the First Region, arm of the Brazilian State, considering the access to justice closest to the population, its contributions and limits, in the process of Citizenship and social inclusion, elements necessary for a more dignified existence before the contemporary modern state. The method used in the research was the hypothetic-deductive, with explanatory purpose, which supported the understanding of the legal order, their relationships and socioeconomic effects. Os Juizados Especiais Federais, al??m de sua fun????o jur??dica, desempenham uma fun????o social no processo da constru????o da cidadania no Brasil. A cidadania se faz em grande parte pelo exerc??cio dos direitos adquiridos e mantidos pelo Estado. Qualquer impedimento a esses direitos, se constitui impedimento ?? justi??a, onde todos devem ser iguais perante as leis, e, consequentemente ?? justi??a. Assim, mais do que um direito do cidad??o, cidadania ?? um dever do Estado, no sentido de manter seus condicionantes, entre eles o acesso ?? justi??a como direito. Uma cidadania de subordina????o sem qualquer direito aos moldes medievais ?? inadmiss??vel mais deve-se t??-la como um direito nato protegido pelo Estado que promova a inclus??o social e a constru????o de um Estado social igualit??rio. O que se persegue ?? a prote????o ao princ??pio da dignidade humana. Posiciona-se tamb??m em rela????o a presta????o jurisdicional do Estado como elemento indispens??vel ?? constru????o da cidadania, mais destaca-se a reflex??o das classes dominantes do poder, na medida em que tal participa????o legitima de quem est?? no poder, ainda que em virtude da legisla????o, tais servi??os de presta????o jurisdicional possam ser exercitado pelo cidad??o e reclamado ao Estado devido ao imp??rio das leis a que tamb??m est?? subordinado. Discorre-se ainda sobre a atua????o dos Juizados Especiais Federais no Amazonas, do Tribunal Regional Federal da Primeira Regi??o, considerando com um acesso ?? justi??a mais pr??ximo ?? popula????o, suas contribui????es e limites, no processo de aux??lio ?? solidifica????o da cidadania e inclus??o social, elementos necess??rios ?? uma exist??ncia mais digna perante o Estado moderno contempor??neo. O m??todo empregado na pesquisa foi o hipot??tico-dedutivo, com finalidade explicativa, que deram suporte ao entendimento ?? ordem jur??dica, suas rela????es e efeitos socioecon??micos.

Governance reforms are required to demonstrate adaptive and resilient urban water resource management that considers complexity, uncertainty in immediate and long term change. Contamination of groundwater is a complex process and full of uncertainty at local and regional scale. The main objective of this research is the study of vulnerability to pollution in an unconfined karstic aquifer. Mainly it is addressed vulnerability integration, in relation to policy, specifically in risk evaluation and risk–benefit considerations. Development of an integrated vulnerability assessment methodology can be useful to effectively manage and protect this valuable freshwater source. The research insights suggest that the establishment of a pattern of effective governance is mandatory as the future highway, the prison and the airport are overlaying the most vulnerable areas of the aquifer and therefore provide policy makers guidance in overcoming urban water governance challenges., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The thermal Fadagosa-Nisa water is located at north Alentejo (Portugal) and it is important in the economy of this region. The studied area is in a predominantly fractured granite and the water circulation is characteristic of fissured media, with a productivity of 2 L/s from a single well. Water hydrogeochemistry results revealed a mineralized water, with an electrical conductivity of 454 µS/cm and a total mineralization of 310 mg/L, neutral (pH=7.9-8.0) and a temperature of 19ºC. The thermal water has a dominant hydrogeochemical sodium-bicarbonate facies, with a fluoride (F-=9.6 mg/L) and hydrogen sulphide content (HS=15.2 mg/L), and moderate amounts of silica (SiO2=34.0 mg/L). The low nitrate (NO3-=0.1 mg/L) and sulphate (SO42-=1.6-5.2 mg/L) contents support the low vulnerability associated to the groundwater catchment. No significant seasonal changes have been found in the Fadagosa-Nisa thermal groundwater composition, suggesting a hydrogeochemical stability to the area. The regular hydrogeochemical results is in accordance to the low vulnerability obtained by the application of DRASTIC index in the Fadagosa-Nisa area., Institute of Earth Sciences (ICT), under contracts UID/GEO/04683/2013 with FCT (the Portuguese Science and Technology Foundation), info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

A variabilidade espacial de contaminação na água subterrânea é um processo não estacionário, dependente de fatores externos como a distância ao foco de poluição, quantidade de precipitação e outras variáveis climatológicas. A qualidade da água é primordial no ordenamento do território, nomeadamente na sustentabilidade das atividades humanas, pelo que é fundamental a sua caraterização, controle e monitorização., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

La gestión de los recursos hídricos es una prioridad para el desarrollo de los lugares y el bienestar de las personas, sobre todo en las masas de agua más afectadas por pressiones antrópicas. Por otra parte, la creciente aparición de fenómenos repentinos y extremos insta a la planificación del recurso en situaciones especificas. En este estúdio, se ha simulado la evolución de la dispersión de nitratos como la base de un modelo estocástico que se apoya en la caracterización espacial de la incertidumbre., info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Os solos leves ocupam cerca de 8% do território brasileiro e são especialmente expressivos na nova e na última fronteira agrícola do país: a região de Matopiba, nos estados do Maranhão, do Tocantins, do Piauí e da Bahia, onde representam 20% da área. Esses solos enquadram-se nas classes texturais areia e areia franca ou francoarenosa, até a profundidade de 0,75 m ou mais, e são representados principalmente pelos Neossolos Quartzarênicos e, em parte, por Latossolos e Argissolos. O entendimento do funcionamento desses solos depende do estabelecimento de critérios distintivos sobre: dinâmica da matéria orgânica; teor e mineralogia da fração argila; teores de areia grossa e de areia total, em relação aos de areia fina; diâmetro médio da fração areia; e capacidade de retenção de água. Esses critérios podem contribuir para o zoneamento e para o manejo conservacionista e da fertilidade dos solos leves, bem como para estimação de seu potencial agrícola. Sistemas integrados de produção, como os de integração lavoura-pecuária e lavoura-pecuária-floresta, além do plantio direto com rotação de culturas, dos plantios florestais mistos com espécies leguminosas, e do uso de adubos verdes e cultivos de cobertura, são relevantes para o manejo adequado desses solos. O objetivo deste artigo de revisão foi caracterizar os solos leves e apontar os principais desafios em relação a seu potencial agrícola, a seu manejo e conservação e sua fertilidade, frente à expansão e à consolidação da nova fronteira agrícola.

tThe regular water supply during life cycle is essential to determine the yield in the legumes. In semiaridenvironments, the irregular rainfall and high temperature influence the phenology of crops impairing theyield. Peanut is an oleaginous crop with broad adaptation to tropical and semiarid climates, but yield isoften harmed when plants face water irregularities during reproductive phase. The recommendation ofcultivars tolerant to environments with water?limitation is indispensable to farmers in order to ensurereasonable production when drought settles down. Here, we evaluating peanut bred lines in order toassess drought tolerance based on physiological and yield traits, in greenhouse and field assays. In green-house experiment, 2 genotypes (BR 1, drought tolerant and the sensible LViPE-06) and 2 descendant bredlines (earliness-LBM Branco and a mid-runner, LBR Branco) were submitted to 21 days of total watersupression. Diffusive resistance, transpiration and leaf water potential were measured by porometer (LI1600), from fully expanded leaves at mid canopy. Root length was also measured at final period of waterstress. Further, in a 2-year field experiment carried out in semiarid environment (Barbalha, CE, Brazil),the genotypes were evaluated under rainfed and irrigation, aiming to estimating the yield trait and theefficiency of drought tolerance. Physiological and yield traits of all genotypes were altered under waterstress and significant responses were observed. Both top lines showed physiological ability to toleranceto drought, but LBM Branco, an earliness and upright line, was classified as drought tolerant showingbehavior near to BR 1. The losses in pod and seed yield were low, comparing to runner parent (LViPE-06).LBR Branco showed an intermediary performance between parents and was classified as moderately tol-erant. Based on physiological and agronomic performances, LBM Branco can later be recommended formanagement in semiarid environment.

The ‘EU Council conclusions on biodiversity post–2010′ re–enforced Europe’s commitment to halt biodiversity loss by 2020. Identifying areas of high–value for biodiversity conservation is an important issue to meet this target. We investigated the geographic pattern of terrestrial vertebrate diversity status in Europe by assessing the species richness, rarity, vulnerability (according to IUCN criteria), and a combined index of the three former for the amphibians, reptiles, bird and mammals of this region. We also correlated the value of all indices with climate and human influence variables. Overall, clear geographic gradients of species diversity were found. The combined biodiversity index indicated that high–value biodiversity areas were mostly located in the Mediterranean basin and the highest vulnerability was found in the Iberian peninsula for most taxa. Across all indexes, the proportion of variance explained by climate and human influence factors was moderate to low. The results obtained in this study have the potential to provide valuable support for nature conservation policies in Europe and, consequently, might contribute to mitigate biodiversity decline in this region.

Erica andevalensis is an endemic vulnerable species that grows in metal-polluted soils from the Iberian Pyrite Belt. The genetic diversity of six E. andevalensis populations from Portugal and Spain was studied using PCR Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR). The obtained data showed that a) there is a very low genetic diversity within the populations from Portugal, and b) the populations sampled in Portugal are genetically different from the Spanish populations. The lack of genetic diversity in the Portuguese populations suggests the existence of founder effects and subsequent genetic isolation. Plant genetic diversity was also low in the Spanish populations, although the analysis showed that the studied populations were different among them. A Mantel test of the correlation between genetic and geographic distances was significant evidencing the genetic isolation by distance of the studied populations. The distinctiveness and low genetic diversity of the Portuguse populations emphasizes the importance of taking measures for their conservation.

Hydrotherapy and bottling mineral water exploitation requires a detailed placement of the catchment and the aquifer’s vulnerability assessment for protection perimeter design. The DRASTIC methodology was the starting point used for the herein introduced “specific DRASTIC”. It is possible to say that the hydrogeology of the area suggests a predominant low vulnerability. However, hydrogeological and structural characteristics (e.g., granitic fracturation), indicate an extremely high vulnerability to the Termas de Fonte Santa catchment. The "specific DRASTIC” index is held by local parameters in order to downscale the properties for local vulnerability mapping and potential contamination of the aquifer. The Termas de Fonte Santa is classified as very high to extremely high vulnerable and in need of protection and conservation.

Uranium in the environment results from natural geochemical processes and human activities. The discharges of uranium and associated radionuclides as well as metals and metalloids from waste and tailing dumps in uranium mining areas and processing sites pose contamination risks to surface and groundwater. Uranium is one of the most widespread contaminant in groundwater from mining areas. Uranium and associated trace elements spatial distribution patterns in groundwater, within the transboundary watershed of the Águeda River (Portugal-Spain) is the main purpose of the herein work. Uranium minerals and associated sulphides occur distributed in the Águeda river watershed, with a potential source of contamination. These mineral resources were exploited in the past and were abandoned without any recovered processes. Seventy-five groundwater samples were selected, georeferenced and collected in the Águeda watershed in June 2012. For each water point were analyzed “in situ” parameters (temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, Eh, dissolved oxygen) and trace element contents, such is uranium, were determined by inductively coupled plasma coupled mass (ICP-MS). Groundwater’s uranium spatial distribution were obtained using geochemical and geostatistical approaches, such are geostatistical modeling and associated simulations with spatial uncertainty evaluation. The spatial map shows that higher uranium content clusters (U hot spots) are concentrated in the central area of the Águeda watershed, associated with the proximity of the mineralizations and overlapping the old mine activities sites. In the northern and southern parts of the Águeda watershed, could be identified clusters of moderate to high U contents, with simulated uranium hot spots showing high variability. These highly uranium content clusters and uncertain hot spots should be carefully monitored in future work. The obtained results indicate that the old U-mining activities as a serious environmental risk factor in the Agueda´s watershed. These results were crossed with the vulnerability assessment DRASTIC index of the studied watershed, overlapping with moderate to high vulnerability areas. These overlapping of U contents distribution and vulnerability maps allow the identification of areas with an increased risk of contamination. The spatial U distribution maps showed to be suited for assessing the environmental impact associated with old mine activities and facilitate the improvement of local groundwater systems’ management, with adequate monitoring activities, and remediation possibilities., This research was funded by the POCTEP project “Caracterización ambiental y análisis de riesgos en cuencas transfronterizas: proyecto piloto en el río Agueda” (Ref. CE: 0410_AGUEDA_3_E) and was carried out under the CERENA research centre, Technical University of Lisbon, Portugal (UID/ECI/04028/2013 FCT).

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No. of bitstreams: 1 Disserta????o - M??rcio Fernando dos Santos Albuquerque.pdf: 7030364 bytes, checksum: 051488b697f4fccfb3e040e99a652ee6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-26 CAPES - Coordena????o de Aperfei??oamento de Pessoal de N??vel Superior This study discusses textural, mineralogical, and geochemical characteristics along with the topography of the bauxite, Fe-rich, and siliceous Fe-Al duricrusts and soils in the Apu?? region between the Aripuan?? and Sucunduri rivers, southeast Amazon. Between 20 and 140 masl, sedimentary and volcanic rocks are the dominant units in valleys, cliffs, and hills whereas in the 140-200 and 200-320 m contours, siliceous Fe-Al and bauxite, and Fe-rich duricrusts are respectively observed in plateaus and hills. Bauxites are massive and pisolitic; Fe-rich duricrusts are massive, pisolitic, vermiform (worm-like corrosion), and locally brecciated; siliceous Fe-Al duricrusts are predominately brecciated and vermiform with subordinate pisolitic facies. Based on Eu/Eu*, Ce/Ce* and [TiO2(%)/Nb(ppm)]*1000 vs ETRL data, the parent units of the duricrusts were determined as: the Col??der Group's volcanics for the massive bauxite; the Alto Tapaj??s Group's siltstones and sandstones for the pisolitic bauxite, Fe-rich and siliceous Fe-Al duricrusts. Three main groups were identified based on textural and geochemical associations: 1) Ba and Rb association reflecting high contents of feldspar, micas, kaolinite, and illite - sandstone, siltstone, and volcanic subgroups; 2) Al2O3, PF, TiO2, Th, Ga, Ta, Hf, Zr, Nb, U, Y, Sr e ETR association in soils reflecting high contents of gibbsite, anatase, and zircon - this is the bauxite group (except for B1C type); 3) Fe2O3, V, Pb, Cu, Ag, Sc, and As association marked by high contents of hematite and goethite - this is the pisolitic bauxite (B1C), Fe-rich, and siliceous Fe-Al duricrusts group. Preservation of the duricrusts in highly dissected topography along with thin soils typical of southeast Amazon is possibly facilitated by proximity to large rivers, such as the Aripuan?? and Sucunduri rivers, tributaries to the Madeira River, which promote erosion, and formation of truncated profiles and stone lines due to neotectonics. Este trabalho discute as caracter??sticas texturais, mineral??gicas, geoqu??micas e a situa????o topogr??fica das bauxitas, das crostas ferruginosas, das crostas ferro-alumino-silicosas e dos solos na regi??o do Apu??, entre os rios Aripuan?? e Sucunduri, sudeste do Amazonas. Nos vales, nas encostas ??ngremes e nas colinas com altitude entre 20 e 140 m predominam rochas sedimentares e vulc??nicas, e nos plat??s e colinas com altitude entre 200 a 320 m e 140 a 200 ocorrem ??s bauxitas, as crostas ferruginosas e as ferro-alumino-silicosas respectivamente. As bauxitas s??o maci??as e pisol??ticas, as crostas ferruginosas s??o maci??as, vermiformes, pisol??ticas e brech??ides, e as ferro-alumino-silicosas s??o em sua maioria brech??ides e vermiformes, com f??cies pisol??tica subordinada. A bauxita maci??a foi formada a partir de rochas vulc??nicas do Grupo Col??der, enquanto as bauxitas pisol??ticas, as crostas ferruginosas e ferro-alumino-silicosas a partir dos siltitos e arenitos do Grupo Alto Tapaj??s. Tal descrimina????o de origem foi o produto da integra????o de dados de campo e geoqu??mica (raz??es Eu/Eu*, Ce/Ce* e [TiO2(%)/Nb (ppm)]*1000 vs ETRL). Foram reconhecidos tr??s grupos de associa????es geoqu??micas: 1. dividido no subgrupo que congrega os arenitos e o subgrupo das rochas vulc??nicas e siltitos, ambos marcados pela associa????o entre Ba e Rb que reflete o maior conte??do de feldspatos, micas, caulinita e illita; 2. agrupa as bauxitas e os solos caracterizados pela associa????o entre Al2O3, PF, TiO2, Th, Ga, Ta, Hf, Zr, Nb, U, Y, Sr e ETR relacionados ao maior conte??do de gibbsita, anat??sio e zirc??o; 3. re??ne a bauxita pisol??tica, crostas ferruginosas e ferro-alumino-silicosas. Neste terceiro grupo, o Fe2O3 est?? associado ao V, Pb, Cu, Ag, Sc e As principalmente pela abund??ncia em hematita+goethita. A preserva????o dessas crostas no relevo altamente dissecado e a pouca espessura do solo no sudeste do Amazonas est??, provavelmente ligada ?? proximidade dos grandes rios da regi??o como o Aripuan?? e Sucunduri afluentes do rio Madeira que devem ter facilitado a eros??o, bem como a neotect??nica que proporcionou a forma????o de perfis truncados e linhas de pedra.

The simultaneous energetic use of bio-waste, such as municipal solid waste (MSW) and catering/food waste, and the creation of a closed nutrient cycle is one of the main advantages of anaerobic digestion (AD) biogas plants as they convert waste materials to "desirable" feedstock. When compared to other treatment opportunities of the organic fraction of MSW, AD has several advantages. In comparison to waste incineration plants, AD plants usually need lower investments and the distances for feedstock transport are generally shorter. Nutrients can be easier recovered for agricultural production and wet feedstock does not have to be dried which is required for incineration. Similar to household scale or industrial scale composting, AD processes also recover nutrients, but the energy content of the biomass is not utilised. In many European regions waste management is still a large problem and only few biogas plants use bio-waste for biogas production. Insufficient waste management practices are more dominant in urban areas. At the same time, European countries have to comply with the Landfill Directive 1999/31/EC and with the Waste Framework Directive (WFD) 2008/98/EC to considerably reduce land filling of the biodegradable part of MSW. They also have to comply with the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) 2009/28/EC. AD from waste has the potential to contribute to the European targets of the above mentioned directives. Adjacent upgrading to biomethane quality and grid injection in the natural gas distribution network is an opportunity to efficiently use renewable energy in urban areas. This approach, Waste-to-Biomethane (WtB), is promoted by the UrbanBiogas project (Urban waste for biomethane grid injection and transport in urban areas; May 2011 – April 2014) which is supported by the Intelligent Energy for Europe Programme of the European Union. The use of the untapped fraction of organic urban waste for biogas production is promoted by a bottom-up approach in which cities (municipalities) are directly involved in all UrbanBiogas activities. The objective is to prepare 5 European target cities for the production of biomethane from urban waste which will be fed into the natural gas grids and optionally used for transport. The target cities are: City of Zagreb (Croatia), Municipality of Abrantes (Portugal), City of Graz (Austria), City of Rzeszów (Poland), and North Vidzeme Region including the City of Valmiera (Latvia). Core of the project is the implementation of working group meetings in the target cities, study tours and city exchange visits, in order to elaborate five WtB concepts for the target cities. The present paper gives an overview on options for the use of bio¬waste for biogas production. It shows current European legislation which supports the use of separate collected bio¬waste in AD facilities. Finally, it presents the UrbanBiogastarget cities and the UrbanBiogas activities in order to promote the WtB concepts., Proceedings of the 20th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, 18-22 June 2012, Milan, Italy, pp. 1481-1490

In this study, the possibility of manipulating biopolymer composition in mixed culture polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production from fermented molasses was assessed by studying the effects of substrate volatile fatty acid (VFA) composition and feeding regime (pulse wise versus continuous). It was found that the use of a continuous feeding strategy rather than a pulse feeding strategy can not only help mitigate the process constraints of the pulse-feeding strategy (resulting in higher specific and volumetric productivities) but also be used as means to broaden the range of polymer structures. Continuous feeding increased the hydroxyvalerate content by 8% relatively to that obtained from the same feedstock using pulse wise feeding. Therefore, the feeding strategy can be used to manipulate polymer composition. Furthermore, the range of PHA compositions, copolymers of P(HB-co-HV) with HV fraction ranging from 15 to 39%, obtained subsequently resulted in different polymer properties. Increasing HV content resulted in a decrease of the average molecular weight, the glass transition and melting temperatures and also in a reduction in the crystallinity degree from a semi-crystalline material to an amorphous matrix. © 2010 Elsevier B.V.

São considerados eficientes os testes que permitem separar lotes de sementes em diferentes categorias de vigor, quando possuem germinação semelhante. Os testes de deterioração controlada e envelhecimento acelerado têm como princípio a aceleração do processo de deterioração. Neste experimento, conduzido com cinco lotes de sementes de soja da cultivar M 8866, o objetivo foi comparar os testes de deterioração controlada, envelhecimento acelerado e envelhecimento acelerado com teor de água ajustado, para avaliar o vigor desses lotes e verificar o desempenho na emergência a campo. Foi determinado o teor de água dos lotes, pelo método da estufa 105 °C ± 3 °C por 24 horas, em seguida, foi realizado o ajuste de umidade para 23%. Após 49 horas, os lotes atingiram o teor de água de 23%, e as amostras foram pesadas e colocadas em saco de plástico vedado e levados a 10 °C por 24 horas para equilíbrio de umidade. As subamostras com teor de água ajustado e sem ajuste foram submetidas ao envelhecimento acelerado a 41 °C por 48 horas e depois semeadas e colocadas em BOD a 25 °C, com leitura aos cinco dias após semeadura. Para a deterioração controlada as subamostras com teor de água ajustado foram colocadas em banho maria a 41 °C por 24 horas e depois foram semeadas e colocadas em BOD a 25 °C, com leitura aos cinco dias. O teste de envelhecimento acelerado com ajuste do teor de água foi mais eficiente para avaliar o desempenho dos lotes de sementes de soja comparados com emergência em campo. O teste de deterioração controlada em banho maria foi semelhante ao teste de envelhecimento acelerado para avaliar o vigor dos lotes de sementes de soja, separando em três níveis de vigor.

In many European regions waste management is still a major problem and only few biogas plants use organic waste for biogas production. Upgrading biogas to natural gas quality (biomethane) and grid injection into the natural gas distribution network is an opportunity to efficiently use renewable energy in urban areas. This approach, Waste to Biomethane (WtB), is promoted by the UrbanBiogas project (Urban waste for biomethane grid injection and transport in urban areas) which is supported by the Intelligent Energy for Europe Programme of the European Union. The use of the untapped fraction of organic urban waste for biogas production is promoted by a bottom­up approach in which cities (municipalities) are directly involved in all UrbanBiogas activities. The objective is to prepare 5 European target cities for the production of biomethane from urban waste which will be fed into the natural gas grids and optionally used for transport. The present paper presents the UrbanBiogas project and gives an introduction into the WtB concept., Proceedings of the 19th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition, 6-10 June 2011, Berlin, Germany, pp. 2125-2131

A soja Roundup Ready (RR) foi a primeira planta transgênica a ser aprovada para alimentação humana e animal para cultivo no Brasil. No caso da soja resistente ao glyphosate, a tolerância ao herbicida foi obtida pela inserção de um gene oriundo do genoma da Agrobacterium sp. Sob tratamento com esse herbicida, as plantas de soja não são afetadas, em virtude da ação continuada e sistemática dessa enzima alternativa, insensível ao produto. Porém, há relatos de decréscimo no potencial de armazenamento de sementes de soja transgênica, quando comparadas às convencionais. Neste trabalho o objetivo foi avaliar o potencial de armazenamento de sementes de variedades de soja transgênica (RR), comparativo a suas isolinhas não geneticamente modificadas. O potencial fisiológico (germinação e vigor - envelhecimento acelerado e emergência em areia) das variedades transgênicas foi analisado comparativamente com suas isolinhas em quatro períodos de armazenamento, com quatro repetições cada teste. As avaliações foram realizadas a cada dois meses. As variedades testadas foram BRS Valiosa RR e sua isolinha BR 46 Conquista; BRS 255 RR e BRS 137; BRS 245 RR e BRS 133. As variedades foram semeadas na mesma época e local, com o mesmo manejo cultural. Foi realizada capina manual, a colheita foi realizada em R7 e as plantas foram colocadas para secar a sombra. Após secas as vagens foram debulhadas manualmente. As sementes foram armazenadas em câmara refrigerada à temperatura de 18 ºC ± 2 ºC e 75% ± 4% de umidade relativa, até o momento da instalação dos experimentos. Não ocorreram variações nos potenciais de armazenamento entre as variedades transgênicas e suas isolinhas não geneticamente modificadas. O decréscimo do potencial fisiológico das sementes durante o armazenamento foi em função do qualidade inicial independente da variedade.

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Functional communication is crucial for independent and efficient communicative behavior in response to every day activities. In the course of dementia progression, cognitive losses may impair these abilities. For this reason, functional communication assessment should be part of a formal assessment to quantify and qualify the impact of deficiency on patients' lives. Objective: To compare functional communication abilities in fronto-temporal lobar degeneration (FLTD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: Six AD patients (mean age: 82.50±2.66 years; mean education: 5.67±3.61 years), and eight FTLD patients (mean age: 57.13±9.63 years; mean education: 10.86±6.91 years) had their close relatives answer the Functional Assessment of Communication Skills for Adults (Asha-facs) . Statistical analyses correlated the performance on each of the Asha-facs domains (social communication, communication of basic needs; reading, writing, number concept and daily planning) between both groups. Results: Analyses showed that functional communication was similar for AD and FTLD patients. Only two items had statistical difference, namely 'Comprehension of inference' (AD 6.7±1.33; FTLD 2.43±2.30, p=0.017) and 'capacity to make basic money transactions' (AD 2.17±2.04; FTLD 4.00±0.90, p=0.044). Comparison among the four domains' mean scores revealed no significant difference. Conclusion: The Asha-facs is a useful instrument to characterize functional communication abilities in both FTLD and AD. Nevertheless, the analysis presented for this sample showed that the Asha-facs could not discriminate which aspects of the FTLD and AD differed. Resumo Comunicação funcional é fundamental para a independência e eficiência comunicativa em resposta à demanda do dia-a-dia. Ao longo do processo demencial, déficits cognitivos podem comprometer tais habilidades. Assim, a avaliação das habilidades funcionais de comunicação deve fazer parte do protocolo de avaliação para quantificar e qualificar o impacto da deficiência na vida do paciente. Comparar as habilidades funcionais de comunicação em pacientes com degeneração lobar fronto-temporal (DLFT) e doença de Alzheimer (DA). Métodos: Foram avaliados seis familiares próximos de pacientes com diagnóstico de DA e oito familiares próximos de pacientes com diagnóstico de DLFT. Os familiares responderam à Avaliação Funcional das Habilidades de Comunicação - Asha-facs sobre o comportamento cognitivo-comunicativo dos pacientes. Análise estatística comparou o desempenho dos dois grupos em cada domínio do Asha-facs: comunicação social, comunicação de necessidades básicas, leitura, escrita e conceitos numéricos e planejamento diário. Resultados: A habilidade de comunicação funcional foi similar para pacientes com DA e com DLFT. Apenas dois itens apresentaram significância estatística: 'compreensão de inferências' (DA 6,7±1,33; DFT 2,43±2,30, p=0,017) e 'capacidade para fazer transações básicas com dinheiro' (DA 2,17±2,04; DFT 4,00±0,90, p=0,044). A comparação da pontuação média dos quarto domínios não apresentou diferença signitficativa. Conclusão: O instrumento Asha-facs mostrou-se útil na caracterização das habilidades funcionais e comunicação para pacientes com DA e com DLFT. No entanto, a análise apresentada sugere que a Asha-facs pode identificar tais déficts, mas não verificar quais aspectos diferenciam pacientes com DLFT e DA.

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Bearing in mind Monteiro Lobatos dissimilar images in the Brazilian intellectual milieu, we will show how, throughout his life, he epitomized both a new and a revolutionary literary project which he has developed according to three spheres of intervention: the composition of short stories, his activity in a publishing house, and the creation of a children's literature in Portuguese., Partindo da imagem polémica que o escritor Monteiro Lobato adquiriu no meio intelectual brasileiro, iremos demonstrar que, ao longo da sua vida, ele deu cumprimento a um projecto literário bem brasileiro, inovador e revolucionário, que se revelou em três vertentes distintas e paralelas: na criação de contos, na produção editorial e na fundação de uma literatura para crianças em língua portuguesa.