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Conference for Wind Power Drives CWD 2023, CWD 2023, Aachen, Germany, 21 Mar 2023 - 22 Mar 2023; Forschung im Ingenieurwesen (2023). doi:10.1007/s10010-023-00620-7 special issue: "[Conference for Wind Power Drives CWD 2023, CWD 2023, 2023-03-21 - 2023-03-22, Aachen, Germany]", Published by Springer, Heidelberg

Psychologische Sachverständigengutachten im Familienrecht finden zunehmend Beachtung in der fachlichen Diskussion. Nach den Initiativen zur Verbesserung der Qualität der Sachverständigengutachten, verstärkt durch die parallel erfolgte Formulierung von „Mindestanforderungen an die Qualität von Sachverständigengutachten im Kindschaftsrecht“ (vgl. Arbeitsgruppe, 2019), haben sich bereits zahlreiche Verbesserungen in der Praxis ergeben. Dieser Prozess ist sicherlich noch nicht beendet und wird durch weitere Projekte (etwa dem Peer-Review Verfahren, dazu Kannegießer et al., 2021) fortgeführt. Gewiss auch in Folge dieser Qualitätsdebatte werden zudem inzwischen regelhaft die bestehenden, vielfältigen Möglichkeiten zur fachlichen Aus- und Weiterbildung von den gutachterlich tätigen Psycholog:innen (etwa Fachpsycholog:innen für Rechtspsychologie, (post-)gradualer Erwerb des Masters Rechtspsychologie) in Anspruch genommen. Der folgende Artikel soll den Kostenrahmen für psychologische Sachverständigengutachten im Familienrecht fokussieren, der im Zuge der Weiterentwicklung der fachlichen Standards, ebenso mit dem Zuwachs an Wissen und Forschungsergebnissen im Bereich der Familienrechtspsychologie, an Bedeutung gewinnt. Die vorstehend genannten Entwicklungen sind in der Praxis eng verwoben mit inzwischen deutlich gestiegenen – formalen wie inhaltlichen - Erwartungen an die Qualität der Sachverständigengutachten (vgl. Salzgeber & Bublath, 2022; auch: Schadow, Salzgeber, Bublath & Zwingmann, 2022). Dabei sei vorab bereits darauf hingewiesen, dass die beschriebenen Initiativen zur Qualitätssicherung wie die hier thematisierten Kostenfragen durchaus in mittelbarem Zusammenhang zu weiteren diskutierten Aspekten stehen, wie etwa der Dauer der Begutachtung oder dem Umfang von Sachverständigengutachten. Diese Aspekte sind Bestandteil von fachlichen Überlegungen, etwa in der Fachgruppe Familienrecht. Der vorliegende Artikel soll jedoch auf den Kostenaspekt beschränkt bleiben.

Funding: This work was supported by the European Research Council (Consolidator Grant 101002326 to J.K.). Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide natural products have provided many highly unusual scaffolds. This includes the intriguing alkaloids crocagins, which possess a tetracyclic core structure and whose biosynthesis has remained enigmatic. Here we use in vitro experiments to demonstrate that three proteins, CgnB, CgnC and CgnE, are sufficient for the production of the hallmark tetracyclic crocagin core from the precursor peptide CgnA. The crystal structures of the homologues CgnB and CgnE reveal them to be the founding members of a peptide-binding protein family and allow us to rationalize their distinct functions. We further show that the hydrolase CgnD liberates the crocagin core scaffold, which is subsequently N-methylated by CgnL. These insights allow us to propose a biosynthetic scheme for crocagins. Bioinformatic analyses based on these data led to the discovery of related biosynthetic pathways that may provide access to a structurally diverse family of peptide-derived pyrroloindoline alkaloids. Publisher PDF

PurposeResearch on the commitment to customer service (CCS) typically considers either trainable behavior or external stimuli such as financial incentives vital to CCS. Utilizing the cultural context of Confucian Asia, this study proposes a novel approach that shifts the focus towards the antecedents of the informal institutional environment.Design/methodology/approachThis research considers four informal institutions typical for Confucian Asia about their influence on CCS: power distance, perceived individual independence, openness to change, and informal network ties. Hypotheses are tested in a structural equation model using data obtained from a South Korean subject pool.FindingsResults show that informal institutions like power distance and network ties, and mediators like perceived individual independence and openness to change are positively related to CCS. Power distance and network ties also have a direct positive effect on openness to change. Moreover, power distance negatively affects perceived individual independence.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors' findings contribute to the service management literature by showing that a given CCS of service employees can be explained by antecedents of the company's informal institutional environment.Practical implicationsFrom a human resource perspective, the informal institutional environment should be taken into account when establishing a supporting organizational culture and designing management training programs.Originality/valueThis research introduces the institutional view to services management research, focusing on the role that informal institutions play. In particular, factors like power distance and network ties that influence CCS are tested for the first time.

The interaction of water with oriented NiO films is studied by using a combination of photoelectron spectroscopy with in situ sample preparation and electrochemical measurements in the stability window of water. In contrast to NiO(100), room temperature water exposure induces a downward band bending on the (110)- and (111)-oriented films, indicating a more positive surface charge. The surface charge is assigned to a dissociative adsorption of water accompanied by a removal of oxygen, which corresponds to a preferential adsorption of protons. Photoelectron spectroscopy suggests that the nonstoichiometric adsorption is related to the presence of adsorbed oxygen species prior to water exposure. For the NiO(110) surface, the stability of adsorbed bridging oxygen dimers is confirmed by density functional theory calculations. The preferential adsorption of protons, which requires interaction of two water molecules with the oxygen dimers, explains that water acts as an electron donor on many oxide surfaces. The different adsorption behavior is consistent with a lower electrochemical activity of the (110)- and (111)-oriented surfaces toward hydrogen adsorption due to an effective reduction of Lewis base sites.

Fermi level positions, ionisation potentials, and work functions of acceptor-, donor-, and undoped CeO2 have been determined by means of in situ photoelectron spectroscopy on films grown with different surface orientation and preparation conditions.

Reversible field-induced phase transitions define antiferroelectric perovskite oxides and lay the foundation for high-energy storage density materials, required for future green technologies. However, promising new antiferroelectrics are hampered by transition´s irreversibility and low electrical resistivity. Here, we demonstrate an approach to overcome these problems by adjusting the local structure and defect chemistry, delivering NaNbO3-based antiferroelectrics with well-defined double polarization loops. The attending reversible phase transition and structural changes at different length scales are probed by in situ high-energy X-ray diffraction, total scattering, transmission electron microcopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We show that the energy-storage density of the antiferroelectric compositions can be increased by an order of magnitude, while increasing the chemical disorder transforms the material to a relaxor state with a high energy efficiency of 90%. The results provide guidelines for efficient design of (anti-)ferroelectrics and open the way for the development of new material systems for a sustainable future.

The new predictive electrolyte model COSMO-RS-ES is evaluated and refined for the calculation of solubilities of salts in mixed solvent systems. It is demonstrated that the model is capable of predicting solid-liquid equilibria at 25 °C for ammonium and alkali metal salts quite accurately in a wide variety of solvent mixtures. Furthermore, through the introduction of Gibbs free energies of transfer of single ions it is shown that the model performance can be improved even further. This new data type also allows for an ion-specific way of evaluating the model for the first time. For some systems when calculating the solubility, larger deviations are observed, but for the vast majority of systems the model delivers good predictions. This shows that COSMO-RS-ES is a valuable tool for calculation of phase equilibria in electrolyte systems especially when the scarcity of data impede the application of models that require a higher number of parameters.

The spread of globalization and Internet-related technologies have contributed toward the emergence of convergence, divergence, and global consumer culture as three alternative perspectives to expl...

PURPOSE Despite careful patient selection, induction chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is associated with a considerable risk for treatment-related mortality (5%-20%). We evaluated machine learning (ML) algorithms trained using factors available at the time of admission for AML therapy to predict death during the hospitalization. METHODS We included AML discharges with age > 17 years who received inpatient chemotherapy from State Inpatient Database from Arizona, Florida, New York, Maryland, Washington, and New Jersey for years 2008-2014. The primary objective was to predict inpatient mortality in patients undergoing chemotherapy using covariates present before initiation of chemotherapy. ML algorithms logistic regression (LR), decision tree, and random forest were compared. RESULTS 29,613 hospitalizations for patients with AML were included in the analysis each with 4,177 features. The median age was 58.9 (18-101) years, 13,689 (53.7%) were male, and 20,203 (69%) were White. The mean time from admission to chemotherapy was 3 days (95% CI, 2.9 to 3.1), and 2,682 (9.1%) died during the hospitalization. Both LR and random forest models achieved an area under the curve (AUC) score of 0.78, whereas decision tree achieved an AUC of 0.70. The baseline LR model with age yielded an AUC of 0.62. To clinically balance and minimize false positives, we selected a decision threshold of 0.7 and at this threshold, 51 of our test set of 5,923 could have potentially averted treatment-related mortality. CONCLUSION Using readily accessible variables, inpatient mortality of patients on track for chemotherapy to treat AML can be predicted through ML algorithms. The model also predicted inpatient mortality when tested on different data representations and paves the way for future research.

Mit Wearables können die eigene Gesundheit überwacht und sportliche Aktivitäten auf individueller Ebene begleitet werden. Krankenversicherungs-Apps ermöglichen den unkomplizierten Kontakt mit dem Versicherer sowie die Implementierung von Anreizsystemen in die Vertragsgestaltung. Die Studie verdeutlicht, dass eine stärkere Digitalisierung von Gesundheitsleistungen helfen kann, sowohl das deutsche Gesundheitssystem effizienter zu gestalten als auch die Zufriedenheit der Nachfrager zu verbessern. Zudem ist der Datenschutz zwar bedeutsam, die eigene Gesundheit bei einem Abwägungsprozess zwischen Gesundheit und Datenschutz aber ebenfalls wichtig. Die Verantwortlichen aus Politik und Selbstverwaltung sollten hieran bei der Gestaltung geeigneter Rahmenbedingungen ansetzen.

Lead-free ceramics based on Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3 (NBT) have been shown to exhibit excellent ferroelectric properties putting them amongst the best materials to replace lead-based piezoelectrics. The defect chemistry of NBT is, however, very complex. High oxygen ionic conductivity can be induced by acceptor doping or bismuth evaporation, which is quite detrimental to the ferroelectric properties. Nevertheless, this conductivity is non-linearly dependent on the acceptor concentration, which allows for tuning of NBT-based material from highly ionically conducting to highly resistive. This unique behavior raises the question of whether NBT ceramics also need to be treated differently with respect to high electric fields as they are used for ferroelectric and dielectric applications. High field electrodegradation experiments have been performed on NBT and a solid solution with BaTiO3 (BT) to elucidate this. It could be shown that reversible electroformation can be induced, which is non-linearly dependent on acceptor concentration. Additionally, a fast surface degradation process could be identified, which could be attributed to a reversible field-induced change in composition at the anode due to sodium becoming mobile. These results will be of high importance for reliability investigations of NBT based material and also hint towards possible applications in resistive switching memory applications.

The biological relevance of early lanthanides, such as neodymium, remained undiscovered until methylotrophic bacteria with lanthanide-dependent metabolism were identified. The respective strains incorporate these elements into the active site of their key metabolic enzyme methanol dehydrogenase (MDH). Growth studies with the strictly lanthanide-dependent thermoacidophile Methylacidiphilum fumariolicum SolV and the mesophilic Methylorubrum extorquens AM1 ΔmxaF mutant demonstrate that the trivalent actinides americium and curium support growth in the absence of the essential lanthanides. In fact, the bacteria make no distinction between lanthanide and actinide ions if they have the correct size and oxidation state. Time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy, liquid scintillation counting, and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry confirm the bacterial uptake. The interchangeability of f-block elements is supported by very similar enzymatic activities of recombinant methanol dehydrogenase reconstituted with different metal ions. Our combined in vivo and in vitro results firmly establish that actinides support growth of methylotrophic bacteria, suggesting a potential biological role for these radioactive elements. Importantly, bacteria capable of utilizing actinides will also be able to mobilize these elements in the environment. This may lead to applications for bioremediation and recycling/separation of lanthanides and actinides.

Antiferroelectric materials exhibit a unique electric-field-induced phase transition, which enables their use in energy storage, electrocaloric cooling, and nonvolatile memory applications. However, in many prototype antiferroelectrics this transition is irreversible, which prevents their implementation. In this work, we demonstrate a general approach to promote the reversibility of this phase transition by targeted modification of the material's local structure. A new NaNbO3-based composition, namely (1− x)NaNbO3−xSrSnO3, was designed with a combination of first-principles calculations and experimental characterization. Our theoretical study predicts stabilization of the antiferroelectric state over the ferroelectric state with an energy difference of 1.4 meV/f.u. when 6.25 mol % of SrSnO3 is incorporated into NaNbO3. A series of samples was prepared using solid-state reactions, and the structural changes upon SrSnO3 incorporation were investigated using X-ray diffraction and 23Na solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The results revealed an increase in the unit cell volume and a more disordered, yet less distorted local Na environment, which were related to the stabilization of the antiferroelectric order. The SrSnO3-modified compositions exhibited well-defined double polarization loops and an eight times higher energy storage density as compared to unmodified NaNbO3. Our results indicate that this first-principles calculations based approach is of great potential for the design of new antiferroelectric compositions.

PurposeWe challenge the discontinuity (also called incompatibility) hypothesis of generalized and particularistic trust, suggesting that the two types of trust are incompatible. This view is problematic because if so, it remains unclear, for instance, how communities scoring high in particularistic trust can ever develop further when transferring trust to spheres outside the community is not an option. In this research, we explore the potential permeability of different types of trust in an emerging market context using the case of China.Design/methodology/approachUsing a purposeful sampling technique, we gathered data among Chinese professionals (n = 290) in the Jingjinji Metropolitan Region in Tianjin. We analyzed the data by performing structural equation modeling.FindingsAs we identify interdependencies between generalized and particularistic types of trust, our results speak in favor of the continuity hypothesis. We find that the more people trust other people from an outside group (out-group trust), the less they trust quasi-familiar others (in-group trust). Further, in-group trust increases once the environment urges people to engage in informal network (guanxi)-based transactions.Originality/valueAdvancing the common view of China being a typical low-trust society, in which distrust in strangers (outsiders) prevails, we find a recent trend of an increase in general trust, which might lead to increases of out-group and in-group trust alike. Contrary to the wide spread idea thatguanxiis declining in the present day, we findguanxito be persistent.

β-CuGaO2 possesses a direct band gap of 1.5 eV and is therefore expected as a suitable light absorber layer for thin-film solar cells. To evaluate the potential of β-CuGaO2 as a light absorber, the...

The exchange of 18O between gaseous molecular oxygen and thin-film samples of Ce0.99Gd0.01O1.995 with two different, nominal surface orientations [(111) and (110)] was studied. Oxygen isotope exchange experiments were conducted in the temperature range of 573 ≤ T/K ≤ 673 at an oxygen activity of aO2 = 0.2. Subsequently, secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) measurements were performed on the thin-film samples to obtain 18O isotope depth profiles. All 18O diffusion profiles showed two features, suggesting spatially nonuniform oxygen tracer diffusion coefficients in the samples. A numerical solution to the diffusion equation was used to describe the experimental profiles and yielded oxygen tracer diffusion coefficients D* and oxygen surface exchange coefficients k*. Values of D* obtained were found, surprisingly, to be different for the two orientations and also orders of magnitude lower than values for ceramic samples in this temperature range. As possible explanations, we examine quantitatively the effect of halide anion impurities and the effect of ultrasmall columnar grains on oxygen tracer diffusion. Surface exchange coefficients for the (111) oriented surface were found to be roughly 1 order of magnitude higher than those for (110). We discuss two possible explanations for the observed behavior: the enrichment of anion impurities at the surface and the interaction between the surface and vapor water in the gas phase.

We conducted a survey of about ten different pedagogical tools with students of seven different small undergraduate business classes with average class size of 27 students. We propose that the high...

ZusammenfassungWürdevolles Altern erscheint in einer Hochleistungsgesellschaft als prekäre Formel, da dies zwar von den meisten Menschen gewollt wird, das Alter(n) jedoch weitgehend mit negativen Attributen versehen wird: Defizite, Mängel, Abbauprozesse, Leistungseinbußen und eine Last für andere und die Gesellschaft. Die positiven Faktoren wie etwa zahlreiche Entlastungen oder Erfahrungssättigung treten hingegen in den Hintergrund. Trotz des Lobs der Vielheit, der Differenz, der Buntheit und der Destandardisierung von Lebensentwürfen bleiben hier ganz bestimmte, kulturell grundierte Leitperspektiven prägend, denen man sich nur schwer entziehen kann. Sowohl ethisch als auch gesamtgesellschaftlich wären kulturelle und individuelle Bewertungsperspektiven auf das Alter(n) kritisch zu reflektieren und alternative Deutungsoptionen einzubeziehen, die Neuorientierungen und Neujustierungen von den Verkrustungen der Perspektiven befreien.Mittlerweile sind sich bereits alternative Konzepte des Selbstverständnisses älterer Menschen etabliert. Selbstbestimmung und Individualisierung werden eigenständig aufgegriffen und sind nicht länger jüngeren Generationen vorbehalten. Überkommene Rollenverständnisse werden dabei einer kritischen Revision unterzogen und umbesetzt. Dabei verliert Alter überhaupt zunehmend an Differenzierungsrelevanz, weil Menschen mit aufgrund ihrer jeweiligen Bedürfnisse und Interessen im Mittelpunkt stehen und nicht alleine wegen ihres Alters. Dies hat auch die Wirtschaft längst erkannt, wodurch ältere Menschen als interessante und finanzkräftige Adressaten in den Fokus rücken. Längst ist von „golden“ oder „silver agern“ die Rede.In diesem Kontext spielen auch neue Technologien eine entscheidende Rolle, weil sie Menschen im fortgeschrittenen Alter in ihren neu bestimmten Lebenskonzepten erhebliche Unterstützung und Selbstkontrolle bieten können, insbesondere im Gesundheitsbereich. Sie ermöglichen, grundlegende ethische Prinzipien zu unterstützen, wenngleich neben den Vorteilen auch die Risiken und gesellschaftlichen Transformationen kritisch zu bedenken und zu bewerten sind. Ein kurzer Überblick soll diese Aspekte verdeutlichen und vertiefen.

Im Rahmen der Covid-19-Pandemie stellt die Corona-Warn-App ein Instrument dar, um die Ausbreitung des Virus besser nachverfolgen zu können und das Gesundheitswesen vor Überlastung zu schützen. Allerdings steigt der Gesamtnutzen der App nur, wenn mehr Personen als bisher diese auf ihrem Smartphone installieren und aktiv einsetzen. Damit steht die Akzeptanz der Bevölkerung im Mittelpunkt sowohl für den Erfolg als auch für weitere Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung der App. Die vorgestellte empirische Studie gibt Ansatzpunkte in Bezug auf Nutzer und Nicht-Nutzer.

Although largely studied, contradictory results on nickel oxide (NiO) properties can be found in the literature. We herein propose a comprehensive study that aims at leveling contradictions related to NiO materials with a focus on its conductivity, surface properties, and the intrinsic charge defects compensation mechanism with regards to the conditions preparation. The experiments were performed by in situ photo-electron spectroscopy, electron energy loss spectroscopy, and optical as well as electrical measurements on polycrystalline NiO thin films prepared under various preparation conditions by reactive sputtering. The results show that surface and bulk properties were strongly related to the deposition temperature with in particular the observation of Fermi level pinning, high work function, and unstable oxygen-rich grain boundaries for the thin films produced at room temperature but not at high temperature (>200 degrees C). Finally, this study provides substantial information about surface and bulk NiO properties enabling to unveil the origin of the high electrical conductivity of room temperature NiO thin films and also for supporting a general electronic charge compensation mechanism of intrinsic defects according to the deposition temperature.

Different magnetron sputtering‐based deposition methods of nickel oxide SiO₂‐passivated Si surfaces are compared. Results highlight that the presence of oxygen in the deposition chamber during reactive sputtering drastically affects the Si/SiO₂ interface. An alternative method for the preparation of NiO is the sputtering of metallic nickel in oxygen‐free atmosphere followed by a post oxidation of the deposited layer in an oxygen atmosphere without plasma exposition is proposed. This method is introduced as metal layer oxidation (MLO). Using this technique, the barrier height on n‐type silicon increases from ≈0.4 eV for reactively sputtered NiO to more than 0.6 eV for the MLO method. In situ photoelectron spectroscopy evidences the formation of an extra electronic state when NiO is reactively sputtered, which is assigned to the intense oxygen ion bombardment of the Si/SiO₂ surface during the process. This extra‐electronic state pins the silicon energy bands in an undesirable position. The extra‐electronic state is associated with oxygen interstitial in the SiO₂ implanted during reactive sputtering.

In order to answer the question of whether Schottky barriers on polar ZnO surfaces are different at Zn- and O-terminated surfaces, the interface formation of $n$-type ZnO and different high work function metals and metal oxides (Pt, ${\mathrm{PtO}}_{x}$, and ${\mathrm{RuO}}_{2}$) with Schottky barrier heights of up to 1.5 eV has been studied using photoelectron spectroscopy with in situ sample preparation. The experiments are designed to exclude the effects of substrate reduction and consequent Fermi level pinning by high concentrations of oxygen vacancies. Moreover, by including the Zn LMM Auger emission in the analysis, it is demonstrated that an accurate extraction of barrier heights needs to take into account that the screening of the photoelectron core hole can change in the course of contact formation. The polarization dependence of Schottky barriers, which is important for piezotronic applications, is in most cases dominated by the influence of defects. Reducing the influence of defects, up to $\ensuremath{\sim}240$ meV higher Schottky barriers are revealed on oxygen-terminated surfaces. This is opposite to what has been reported in the literature but agrees with the dependence of barrier heights expected for an incomplete screening of the polarization of ZnO by the electrode as for ferroelectric materials.

Due to its simplicity, flexibility and conformity, electroless plating presents itself as an attractive route towards functional metal nanostructures. Despite the importance for creating multimetallic materials with enhanced properties, the complex interactions between the components in electroless plating baths make alloy formations a challenging objective. In this work, we outline an electroless plating strategy fabricating Pd−Pt alloy nanomaterials, which is based on arbitrarily miscible plating baths for the individual metals. To demonstrate the excellent nanoscale conformity and homogeneity of our plating system, we apply it to ion track‐etched polymer templates with large inner surfaces as ambitious substrates, resulting in the formation of 3D free‐standing PdₓPt₁₀₀₋ₓ‐nanotube‐networks (NTNWs). Based on the electro‐oxidation of methanol as a model reaction, we utilize the compositional freedom provided by our syntheses for optimizing the catalytic performance of our metal NTNWs, which heavily depends on the Pd−Pt ratio. Within our system, the highest surface normalized activity was found for the Pd₂₀Pt₈₀ NTNW, reaching more than a two‐fold increase of the peak current density in comparison to pure Pt. Overall, our reaction system provides a versatile toolkit for fabricating intricate Pd−Pt nanostructures of arbitrary elemental composition, and constitutes a starting point for designing new electroless alloy plating baths.

It has been recently reported that n-type single crystalline SnS exhibits a large band bending (∼1 eV) at the interface with MoO3, which is a large work function material. In this study, we applied this interface to solar cells for the first time and evaluated its photovoltaic properties. The highest VOC achieved was 437 mV. Although this value is the highest ever recorded for SnS solar cells, it was lower than the expected value of 700–800 mV. The highest power conversion efficiency ( PCE) was 4.4%. Based on an analysis of the device parameters, we propose methods for improving the device performance, including VOC, the short-circuit current, and PCE. The carrier-collection length of the n-type SnS single crystals was estimated to be ∼200 nm based on the external quantum efficiency measurements. Therefore, this study demonstrates that the VOC of SnS solar cells can be improved by fabricating a junction with MoO3 thin films.

Surface Fermi level positions, ionisation potentials, and work functions of acceptor-, donor-, and nominally undoped CeO

Preclinical data demonstrated that combining an anti–programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitor with a cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) inhibitor provided enhanced antitumor activity with no significant toxicities, suggesting this combination may be a potential therapeutic option. The multicohort, phase 1 KEYNOTE-155 study evaluated the safety and antitumor activity of the PD-1 inhibitor pembrolizumab plus the CDK9 inhibitor dinaciclib in patients with relapsed or refractory (rr) chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and multiple myeloma (MM). Patients enrolled were ≥18 years of age with a confirmed diagnosis of CLL, DLBCL, or MM. The study included 2 phases: a dose-evaluation phase to determine dose-limiting toxicities and a signal-detection phase. Patients received pembrolizumab 200 mg every 3 weeks plus dinaciclib 7 mg/m2 on day 1 and 10 mg/m2 on day 8 of cycle 1 and 14 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8 of cycles 2 and later. Primary endpoint was safety, and a key secondary endpoint was objective response rate (ORR). Seventy-two patients were enrolled and received ≥1 dose of study treatment (CLL, n = 17; DLBCL, n = 38; MM, n = 17). Pembrolizumab plus dinaciclib was generally well tolerated and produced no unexpected toxicities. The ORRs were 29.4% (5/17, rrCLL), 21.1% (8/38, rrDLBCL), and 0% (0/17, rrMM), respectively. At data cutoff, all 72 patients had discontinued treatment, 38 (52.8%) because of progressive disease. These findings demonstrate activity with combination pembrolizumab plus dinaciclib and suggest that a careful and comprehensive approach to explore anti–PD-1 and CDK9 inhibitor combinations is warranted. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02684617.

It is commonly agreed that the plural -s has become a part of Standard German inflection, yet in dialects such as Alemannic it is often seen as an intruder. We challenge this view based on data from a written survey amongst speakers of Swiss German dialects. Our analysis of pluralised loanwords (e. g. Mango) and abbreviations (e. g. WG ‘flat share’) shows a strong effect of both speakers’ age and grammatical gender that points towards a progressive integration of the plural -s into the dialectal system. While masculine and neuter nouns can express number syntagmatically (using articles that differ in singular and plural), feminine nouns rely heavily on suffixes (as the definite article is d’ in both cases). A comparison of the -s plural with traditional dialectal plurals shows clear advantages for -s plurals in both cue strength (output) and scope (input) of the plural schema. We argue that it is due to this that feminine nouns show a significantly higher percentage of -s plurals compared with masculine and neuter nouns in speakers aged 25 and above. The difference disappears for younger speakers while the overall number of -s plurals increases drastically. Combined, we have an apparent time scenario that shows how the -s plural is first borrowed with nouns that rely on overt plural markers, and later spreads to most loans and other words with non-native structure.

The (photo)electrochemical water-splitting mechanism has not yet been completely resolved on an atomic level, partly because the interaction between water and the (photo)electrocatalytic surface has not yet been completely elucidated. Because of its ability to oxidize water upon light exposure, BiVO4 was chosen in this work as a prototype photocatalytic material to investigate the effects of water on a pristine metal oxide surface. In particular, polycrystalline surface-cleaned BiVO4 samples were exposed to water in controlled experiments at room temperature and at 77 K, analyzing any electronic and chemical changes at the surface by applying photoelectron spectroscopy. The results show that upon water exposure, hydroxide species form, the Fermi level position rises, the amount of oxygen at the surface decreases, and bismuth and vanadium partially reduces. Accordingly, the interaction of water with bismuth vanadate seemingly follows a reductive water dissociation process.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to understand how employees of an organization build and maintain successful business relationships by analyzing major antecedents of relationship quality and relationship commitment. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the authors develop a conceptual framework and formulate hypotheses regarding the relationships between demographic homophily, interpersonal communication, trust and dependent variables of perceived relationship quality and relationship commitment. This paper tests hypotheses presented in this study with the help of a structural equation model, based on a data sample from South Korea. Findings Unlike common thinking, demographic homophily does not directly increase the perceived relationship quality. The authors find a significant direct effect of interpersonal communication on relationship commitment but no effect of commitment on perceived relationship quality. Both seem to play independent roles but are positively influenced through the emergence of trust. Research limitations/implications By applying demographic homophily and interpersonal communication as antecedents and trust as mediator and main driver, the authors research effects on perceived intra-organizational relationship commitment and perceived relationship quality. In detail, the authors confirm the hypothesized centrality of trust in intra-organizational relationships between demographic homophily, interpersonal communication and dependent variables of perceived relationship quality and relationship commitment. Nevertheless, the authors surprisingly find neither significant evidence that demographic homophily increases the perceived quality of a relationship, nor does it lead to higher communication intensity directly, even in an environment (i.e. Korea), where it would be expected. Practical implications Based on the findings of this study, there are several practical implications. Understanding the interpersonal relationship characteristics in an intra-organizational setting enables managers to optimize organizational efficiency and effectiveness. Intra-organizational relationships between employees’ are highly dependent on mutual trust as an indicator for relationship quality and relationship commitment. Organizations can also benefit from the understanding of the mechanisms of demographic homophily and interpersonal communication for the establishment of interpersonal trust as well. Originality/value Research about the effect of demographic homophily and interpersonal communication and the central role of trust in an intra-organizational approach to business relationships on perceived relationship quality and relationship commitment is scarce. The mutual testing of the effects and interaction of established constructs like demographic homophily, interpersonal communication and trust on perceived relationship quality and commitment constitutes the main contribution of this study to the literature on management and business relationships. The insights of this study about interpersonal bonding help companies to establish long-term business relationships.

Natural products often contain interesting new chemical entities that are introduced into the structure of a compound by the enzymatic machinery of the producing organism. The recently described crocagins are novel polycyclic peptides which belong to the class of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptide natural products. They have been shown to bind to the conserved prokaryotic carbon-storage regulator Ain vitro. In efforts to understand crocagin biosynthesis, the putative biosynthetic genes were expressed and purified. Here, the first crystal structure of a protein from the crocagin-biosynthetic gene cluster, CgnJ, a domain of unknown function protein, is reported. Possible functions of this protein were explored by structural and sequence homology analyses. Even though the sequence homology to proteins in the Protein Data Bank is low, the protein shows significant structural homology to a protein with known function within the competency system ofBacillus subtilis, ComJ, leading to the hypothesis of a similar role of the protein within the producing organism.

We studied the behavior of oxygen interstitials in donor-doped ceria using equilibrium conductivity measurements, conductivity relaxation experiments, and (18O2/16O2) isotope exchange experiments. ...

Barium Titanate and Ni-based multilayer ceramic capacitors have wide commercial applicability, and interfaces are critical to the overall device behavior as they can help control unwanted leakage currents. Here we make use of photoemission methods to investigate the electrostatic barriers formed at BaTiO3/Ni(O) interfaces to understand the implications for electron injection. We find the interface Fermi level in BaTiO3 to evolve smoothly during Ni deposition with a Schottky barrier height for electrons of 0.68 eV, whereas with NiO the Fermi level evolves rapidly with an electron injection barrier of 1.49 eV. In-situ poling shows the Schottky barrier at the BaTiO3/Ni interface is not significantly altered by ferroelectric polarization, consistent with the good screening of the Ni electrode. This study presents a direct quantitative measurement of the interface barrier heights and highlights the significance of the oxidation state of the electrode.

An approach to determine the defect energy levels of the Fe impurities in BaTiO3 and SrTiO3 single crystals using electrical conductance measurements is presented. The defect levels are obtained from the dependence of the activation energy of electrical transport on the oxygen vacancy concentration, which is varied by stepwise re-oxidation of a reduced sample. An energy level at 0.7–0.8 eV below the conduction band minimum ECB is identified for BaTiO3, which can be assigned to the Fe2+/3+-transition in good agreement with literature. In contrast, the conductivity of Fe-doped SrTiO3 does not show a defect energy level in the upper half of the band gap, indicating that the Fe2+/3+-transition in SrTiO3 is near the conduction band minimum. The often reported alignment of defect energy levels, which is fulfilled for the Fe3+/4+-transition in BaTiO3 and SrTiO3, does not hold for the Fe2+/3+-transition in these compounds. This limits the applicability of Fe-doped SrTiO3 as a model system for studying resistance degradation in acceptor-doped high-permittivity dielectrics.

A transition to couple an antenna to spoof plasmon-polariton waveguides at terahertz frequencies is presented. The optimization of the transition is discussed. Examples of how antenna coupling can enable THz on-chip applications are given in a biosensor and a phase shifter. The sensing of deeply subwavelength biological cells demonstrates the high sensitivity to even small concentrations of bacteria. And while the phase shifter only exhibits a small angle range, its high transmission, and easy integration makes it suitable for applications such as an on-chip phased array.

Denne utgaven av Septentrio Conference Series inneholder dokumentasjon fra Norsk selskap for 1700-tallsstudiers konferanse "Naturen og det naturlige på 1700-tallet", avholdt 3.–5. februar 2021. Inkludert i PDF-format er Call for Papers (slik det ble publisert på www.1700-tallet.no 9. september 2020) med det endelige konferanseprogrammet med sammendrag av samtlige foredrag. Opptak av hovedforedragsholdernes bidrag ble foretatt med verktøyet Zoom. De øvrige foredragene ble ikke tatt opp., This issue of Septentrio Conference Series provides documentation of the digital conference "Nature and the Natural in the Eighteenth Century", organized by the Norwegian Society for Eighteenth-Century Studies on 3–5 February 2021. The Call for Papers (as published in Norwegian on www.1700-tallet.no on 9 September 2020) as well as the final programme with abstracts of all papers are included in PDF format. The keynote lectures were recorded by means of Zoom. Other papers were not recorded.