Hartman, Rachel M, Cohen, Adam L, Antoni, Sebastien, Mwenda, Jason, Weldegebriel, Goitom, Biey, Joseph, Shaba, Keith, de Oliveira, Lucia, Rey, Gloria, Ortiz, Claudia, Tereza, Maria, Fahmy, Kamal, Ghoniem, Amany, Ashmony, Hossam, Videbaek, Dovile, Singh, Simarjit, Tondo, Emmanuel, Sharifuzzaman, Mohammed, Liyanage, Jayantha, Batmunkh, Nyambat, Grabovac, Varja, Logronio, Josephine, Serhan, Fatima, and Nakamura, Tomoka
BACKGROUND: Diarrhea is the second leading cause of death in children under five years of age globally. The burden of diarrheal mortality is concentrated in low-resource settings. Little is known about the risk factors for childhood death from diarrheal disease in low and middle-income countries. METHODS: Data from the WHO-coordinated Global Rotavirus and Pediatric Diarrhea Surveillance Networks, which are composed of active, sentinel, hospital-based surveillance sites, were analyzed to assess mortality in children less than five years of age who were hospitalized with diarrhea between 2008-2018. Case fatality risks were calculated, and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors for mortality. RESULTS: This analysis is comprised of 234,781 cases, including 1,219 deaths, across 57 countries. The overall case fatality risk was found to be 0.5%. Risk factors for death in the multivariable analysis included younger age (for