Author: "Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart" / Database: OpenAIRE - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

Your search keyword '"Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart"' showing total 132 results

Start Over Author "Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart" Database OpenAIRE

132 results on '"Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart"'

1. Oropharyngeal Dysphagia: A Proposal for an Ecological Theoretical Model

Author: Rafaela Soares Rech and Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart
Abstract: Background: The exponential growth in epidemiological studies has been reflected in an increase in analytical studies. Thus, theoretical models are required to guide the definition of data analysis, although so far, they are seldom used in Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences. Objective: To propose a multicausal model for oropharyngeal dysphagia using directed acyclic graphs showing mediating variables, confounding variables, and variables connected by direct causation. Design: This integrative literature review. Setting: This was carried out until January 4, 2021, and searches were performed with the MEDLINE, EMBASE,and other bases. more...
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

2. Association between impairment and self-rated health: a brazilian population study considering type, origin, and degree of limitation

Author: Paula Anderle, Patrícia Klarmann Ziegelmann, and Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart
Subjects: Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Abstract: Background Perceived health is a well-known, low-cost measure in public health, and has been used in several studies on individuals with impairment. Although many studies have related impairment to self-rated health (SRH), few have considered the origin and degree of limitation of the impairment. This study examined whether physical, hearing, or visual impairments—when analyzed according to origin (congenital or acquired) and degree of limitation (with or without)—are associated with the SRH status. Methods This cross-sectional study used data of 43,681 adult individuals from the Brazilian National Health Survey (NHS, 2013). The outcome SRH was dichotomized into poor (including the regular, poor, and very poor responses) or good (including the good and very good responses). Crude and adjusted (for socio-demographic characteristics and chronic diseases history) prevalence ratios (PR) estimates were evaluated using Poisson regression models with the robust variance estimator. Results Poor SRH prevalence was estimated at 31.8% (95%CI:31.0–33.0) among the non-impaired population, 65.6% (95%CI:60.6–70.0) among individuals with physical impairment, 50.3% (95%CI:45.0–56.0) for people with hearing impairment, and 55.3% (95%CI:51.8–59.0) for the visually impaired. Individuals with congenital physical impairment—with or without limitations—presented the strongest association with the poorest SRH status. Participants with non-limiting, congenital hearing impairment showed a protective factor to poor SRH (PR = 0.40 95%CI: 0.38–0.52). Individuals with acquired visual impairment with limitations demonstrated the strongest association with poor SRH (PR = 1.48 95%CI:1.47–1.49). Among the impaired population, middle-aged participants showed a stronger association with poor SRH than older adult participants. Conclusions Impairment is associated with poor SRH status, especially among people with physical impairment. The origin and degree of limitation of each type of impairment differently impacts SRH among the impaired population. more...
Published: 2023
Full Text: View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources

See catalog results

3. Global, regional, and national burden of respiratory tract cancers and associated risk factors from 1990 to 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Chi Linh Hoang, Christopher J L Murray, Faheem Hyder Pottoo, Feng Sha, Simon I. Hay, Jianrong Zhang, Nikita Otstavnov, Eman Abu-Gharbieh, Azeem Majeed, Lorenzo Monasta, Jasvinder A. Singh, Zhi-Jiang Zhang, Jalal Arabloo, Jonathan M. Kocarnik, Sadaf G. Sepanlou, Rahmatollah Moradzadeh, Freddy Sitas, Sanjeev Misra, Lisa M. Force, Irina Filip, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Shahabeddin Rezaei, Amir Radfar, Luca Ronfani, Iván Landires, Rovshan Khalilov, Brijesh Sathian, Bingyu Li, Farhad Pishgar, Mario Šekerija, Priya Rathi, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Michael T. Chung, Ali Bijani, Ritesh G. Menezes, Odgerel Chimed-Ochir, Ken Takahashi, Nobuyuki Horita, Supreet Kaur, Rakhi Dandona, Alan D. Lopez, Alireza Rafiei, Joana Morgado-da-Costa, Kelly Compton, Akram Pourshams, G Anil Kumar, Dinh-Toi Chu, Deniz Yuce, Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, Virginia Núñez-Samudio, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Kazem Zendehdel, Maria Teresa Bustamante-Teixeira, Aaron Cohen, Mohsen Naghavi, Mukhammad David Naimzada, Lalit Dandona, Pradhum Ram, Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider, Thomas Roberts, Michael Brauer, Meseret Derbew Molla, Vesna Zadnik, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, Morteza Arab-Zozani, Lidia Morawska, Abebaw Alemayehu Desta, Qing Lan, Rajesh Sharma, Mahesh P A, David Laith Rawaf, Ali H. Mokdad, Tomasz Miazgowski, Zabihollah Yousefi, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Reza Malekzadeh, Paul J. Villeneuve, Masood Ali Shaikh, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Sohail Ahmad, Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Gholamreza Roshandel, Atalel Fentahun Awedew, Hassan Abolhassani, Hermann Brenner, Sara Sheikhbahaei, Elvynna Leong, Mohammad Rabiee, Abdallah M. Samy, Eyayou Girma Tadesse, Milena Santric-Milicevic, Silvano Gallus, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Mowafa Househ, Xiaochen Dai, Marco Vacante, Mihaela Hostiuc, Adrian Pana, Salman Rawaf, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Francesco Saverio Violante, Weijia Fu, Paschalis Steiropoulos, Vahid Alipour, Tone Bjørge, Savita Lasrado, Burcu Kucuk Bicer, Farshad Farzadfar, Shafiu Mohammed, Fares Alahdab, Paolo Lauriola, Saeed Amini, Eugenio Traini, Maryam Zamanian, Samer Hamidi, Rajan Nikbakhsh, Pawan Faris, Birhan Gebresillassie Gebregiorgis, Emerito Jose A. Faraon, Stanislav S. Otstavnov, Shane D. Morrison, Marcel Ausloos, Aziz Sheikh, Eun-Kee Park, Antonio Biondi, Zahra Aryan, Claudiu Herteliu, Ivo Iavicoli, Hedyeh Ebrahimi, Nicholas L S Roberts, Navid Rabiee, Tudorel Andrei, Catherine Bisignano, Giulia Carreras, Andrew T Olagunju, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Dejana Braithwaite, Alex Molassiotis, Kebebe Bekele Gonfa, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Javad Nazari, Giuseppe Gorini, Mahaveer Golechha, Bach Xuan Tran, Ravensara S. Travillian, Zahid A Butt, Baye Dagnew, Atif Amin Baig, Nima Rezaei, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Khanh Bao Tran, Malke Asaad, Tim Driscoll, Navid Manafi, Frances E. Dean, Shailesh Advani, Stephen S Lim, Robert Ancuceanu, Milena Ilic, Maximiliano Ribeiro Guerra, Ashwin Kamath, Carlo La Vecchia, Farhad Islami, Sudeep K Siddappa Malleshappa, Irena Ilic, Emma Elizabeth Spurlock, Florian Fischer, GBD 2019 Respiratory Tract Cancer Collaborator, and Francesco S. Violante more...
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, CELL LUNG-CANCER, EGFR, Respiratory System, GBD 2019 Respiratory Tract Cancers Collaborators, Global Burden of Disease, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, Critical Care Medicine, Risk Factors, Neoplasms, General & Internal Medicine, Internal medicine, Tobacco Smoking, Humans, Medicine, Risk factor, Lung cancer, Bronchus, Science & Technology, SARS-CoV-2, MUTATIONS, business.industry, Risk Factor, MORTALITY, Incidence, Mortality rate, Incidence (epidemiology), cancer, GBD, respiratory tract, Smoking, COVID-19, Cancer, 1103 Clinical Sciences, Articles, AIR-POLLUTION, respiratory system, medicine.disease, Respiratory Tract Neoplasms, Respiratory Tract Neoplasm, medicine.anatomical_structure, Years of potential life lost, Socioeconomic Factors, Relative risk, CIGARETTE-SMOKING, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Human, SMOKERS, 1199 Other Medical and Health Sciences
Abstract: Summary Background Prevention, control, and treatment of respiratory tract cancers are important steps towards achieving target 3.4 of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)—a one-third reduction in premature mortality due to non-communicable diseases by 2030. We aimed to provide global, regional, and national estimates of the burden of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer and larynx cancer and their attributable risks from 1990 to 2019. Methods Based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 methodology, we evaluated the incidence, mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of respiratory tract cancers (ie, tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer and larynx cancer). Deaths from tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer and larynx cancer attributable to each risk factor were estimated on the basis of risk exposure, relative risks, and the theoretical minimum risk exposure level input from 204 countries and territories, stratified by sex and Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Trends were estimated from 1990 to 2019, with an emphasis on the 2010–19 period. Findings Globally, there were 2·26 million (95% uncertainty interval 2·07 to 2·45) new cases of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer, and 2·04 million (1·88 to 2·19) deaths and 45·9 million (42·3 to 49·3) DALYs due to tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer in 2019. There were 209 000 (194 000 to 225 000) new cases of larynx cancer, and 123 000 (115 000 to 133 000) deaths and 3·26 million (3·03 to 3·51) DALYs due to larynx cancer globally in 2019. From 2010 to 2019, the number of new tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer cases increased by 23·3% (12·9 to 33·6) globally and the number of larynx cancer cases increased by 24·7% (16·0 to 34·1) globally. Global age-standardised incidence rates of tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer decreased by 7·4% (−16·8 to 1·6) and age-standardised incidence rates of larynx cancer decreased by 3·0% (−10·5 to 5·0) in males over the past decade; however, during the same period, age-standardised incidence rates in females increased by 0·9% (−8·2 to 10·2) for tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer and decreased by 0·5% (−8·4 to 8·1) for larynx cancer. Furthermore, although age-standardised incidence and death rates declined in both sexes combined from 2010 to 2019 at the global level for tracheal, bronchus, lung and larynx cancers, some locations had rising rates, particularly those on the lower end of the SDI range. Smoking contributed to an estimated 64·2% (61·9–66·4) of all deaths from tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer and 63·4% (56·3–69·3) of all deaths from larynx cancer in 2019. For males and for both sexes combined, smoking was the leading specific risk factor for age-standardised deaths from tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer per 100 000 in all SDI quintiles and GBD regions in 2019. However, among females, household air pollution from solid fuels was the leading specific risk factor in the low SDI quintile and in three GBD regions (central, eastern, and western sub-Saharan Africa) in 2019. Interpretation The numbers of incident cases and deaths from tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer and larynx cancer increased globally during the past decade. Even more concerning, age-standardised incidence and death rates due to tracheal, bronchus, lung cancer and larynx cancer increased in some populations—namely, in the lower SDI quintiles and among females. Preventive measures such as smoking control interventions, air quality management programmes focused on major air pollution sources, and widespread access to clean energy should be prioritised in these settings. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. more...
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

4. Association between motor proficiency and oral health in people with intellectual disabilities

Author: Juliana Balbinot Hilgert, Rafaela Soares Rech, Alexandre Baumgarten, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, and Joana Cunha-Cruz
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Oral health, Psychological intervention, Destreza motora, Oral Health, Proficiency test, Dental Caries, Oral hygiene, symbols.namesake, Caregiver exhaustion, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Intellectual Disability, Humans, Medicine, Saúde bucal, Esgotamento psicológico, Poisson regression, Association (psychology), Periodontal Diseases, Motor skill, Dependência, business.industry, Rehabilitation, Motor proficiency, People with intellectual disabilities, Confidence interval, Psychiatry and Mental health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Neurology, Physical therapy, symbols, Level of dependence, Neurology (clinical), Saúde da pessoa com deficiência, business
Abstract: Background People with intellectual disabilities (IDs) may be at increased risk of developing periodontal diseases and dental caries due to poor oral hygiene. Our aim was to investigate motor proficiency factors associated with presence of visible plaque and gingival bleeding in people with IDs. We were particularly interested in the level of dependence, manual coordination and fine manual control of people with ID, as well as the level of exhaustion of the primary caregiver. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 299 people with ID were evaluated for oral hygiene using the simplified Visible Plaque Index and for gum inflammation using the Gingival Bleeding Index. The Bruininks-Oseretsky Motor Proficiency Test assessed motor proficiency through fine manual control (fine motor integration and fine motor precision) and manual coordination (manual dexterity and upper limb coordination). The level of dependence was assessed by the Katz dependency index, and the caregiver was tested for exhaustion using the fatigue severity scale. Prevalence ratios [and 95% confidence intervals (CI)] were calculated using crude and adjusted Poisson regression with robust variance. Results The exhaustion of the caregiver was associated positively to visible plaque [prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.36; 95% CI 1.06-1.65]. For gingival bleeding, people with IDs that had better fine motor integration (PR = 0.49; 95% CI 0.33-0.75) and precision (PR = 0.50; 95% CI 0.26-0.94), as well as manual dexterity (PR = 0.62, 95% CI 0.49-0.77), presented better results. Conclusion Poor oral hygiene and gum inflammation were associated with motor proficiency of people with IDs and caregivers' exhaustion. Interventions to improve the oral health of people with IDs should take into account such conditions. more...
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

5. Frequency and associated factors for swallowing impairment in community-dwelling older persons: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author: Rafaela Soares Rech, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Karoline Weber dos Santos, Miriam Allein Zago Marcolino, and Juliana Balbinot Hilgert
Subjects: Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Prevalence, Humans, Independent Living, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Deglutition Disorders, Xerostomia, Aged, Deglutition
Abstract: Swallowing impairment (SI) is an underdiagnosed dysfunction frequently seen as an expected condition of aging. However, SI can lead to health complications and considerable social impact.The objective of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to evaluate the frequency and associated factors with SI in community-dwelling older persons. Searches were performed in 13 electronic databases including MEDLINE and EMBASE (from inception to September 18, 2021). Data extraction and methodological quality assessment of included studies were performed by two independent reviewers. Meta-analysis of proportions with 95% confidence interval (CI) and prediction interval (PI) was used to pool estimates. Subgroup analysis by Country and Assessment Method was performed. General meta-analysis was used to pool measures of association between potential risk factors and SI occurrence (odds ratio [OR] or prevalence ratio [PR]).The worldwide estimated frequency of SI in community-dwelling older persons was 20.35% (95%CI 16.61-24.68%, 95%PI 4.79-56.45, IOne in five older adults worldwide are expected to experience SI and factors associated with this underdiagnosed dysfunction included biological and physiological changes related to aging, physical and psychological conditions, and poor oral health. Early assessment is paramount for the prevention of future clinical complications and should be a high priority in health care practices. more...
Published: 2022

6. Iniquidades raciais no acesso à reabilitação após acidente vascular cerebral: estudo da população brasileira

Author: Shayze da Rosa Souto, Paula Anderle, and Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart
Subjects: Stroke, Ethnic inequality, Health Policy, Rehabilitation, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Reabilitação, Acidente Vascular Encefálico, Iniquidade étnica
Abstract: Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é verificar a associação raça/cor e acesso a serviços de reabilitação pós-AVC. Estudo transversal de base populacional com 966 adultos (≥18 anos) pós-AVC, respondentes da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde. Desfecho, acesso à reabilitação, e exposição (raça/cor) foram coletados de modo autorreferido. Variáveis sociodemográficas, histórico clínico, plano de saúde e limitação pós-AVC foram considerados para o ajuste. Regressão de Poisson com estimativa de variância robusta foi utilizada para estimar a associação nas análises bruta e ajustada. Da amostra total, 51,8% são autodeclarados negros ou outras raças, 61,4% demandam por reabilitação, sendo que apenas 20% têm acesso ao serviço de reabilitação. Dificuldade em acessar reabilitação foi referida por 57,5% dos autodeclarados amarelos ou indígenas, 43% dos negros, e 35,4% dos brancos. Na análise ajustada, negros têm 4% menos acesso à reabilitação se comparados com seus pares brancos (RP 1,04, IC95% 1,00-1,08). Pessoas da raça amarela ou indígena 17% menos acesso que brancos (RP 1,17, IC95% 1,13-1,20). No Brasil, autodeclarados negros, amarelos, indígenas e outros têm pior acesso à reabilitação pós-AVC quando comparados aos autodeclarados brancos, apontando iniquidades raciais na reabilitação em sobreviventes de AVC. Abstract This article aims to verify the association between race/skin color and access to post-stroke rehabilitation services. It is a cross-sectional population-based study including 966 post-stroke adults (≥18 years) that responded to the National Health Survey (PNS). The outcome, access to rehabilitation, and exposure (race/skin color) were collected in a self-reported manner. Socio-demographic variables, clinical history, healthcare plan and post-stroke limitation were considered for the adjustment. Poisson regression with robust variance estimation was used to estimate the association in the crude and adjusted analyses. Based on the sample, 51.8% are self-declared black and 61.4% require rehabilitation, with only 20% having access to the rehabilitation service. Difficulty in accessing rehabilitation was reported by 57.5% of other self-declared races, 43% blacks, and 35.4% whites. In the adjusted analysis, 4% of self-declared black (PR 1.04, CI95%1.00-1.08) and 17% of self-declared yellow and indigenous (PR 1.17, IC95%1.13-1.20) have less access to rehabilitation than their white peers. In Brazil, self-declared black and yellow and indigenous people have worst access to post-stroke rehabilitation in comparison with self-declared white people, highlighting racial inequities in rehabilitation in stroke survivors. more...
Published: 2022

7. Brazilian phonoaudiology telepractice before and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author: Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Simone Aparecida Lopes-Herrera, Cibelle Albuquerque de la Higuera Amato, Fernanda Dreux Miranda Fernandes, Jacy Perissinoto, Ana Carina Tamanaha, Ana Paula Ramos de Souza, Ana Cristina de Albuquerque Montenegro, Leticia Segeren, Fernanda Prada Machado, and Daniela Regina Molini-Avejonas more...
Subjects: Coronavirus, Population Studies in Public Health, Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, General Medicine, Audiology, Covid-19, Access to Health Services, Medical Informatics Applications, General Environmental Science
Abstract: Purpose: to analyze the use of digital resources by Brazilian phonoaudiologists before and during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: cross-sectional study carried out with a representative sample of Brazilian phonoaudiologists, with at least one year of practical experience. An online questionnaire consisting of 28 questions divided into eight sections was prepared. Data were analyzed and are reported as absolute and relative frequency regarding the variables: respondent’s age, highest degree and years of experience; weekly working hours; region of the country; type of service and area of expertise; use of digital means before and during the pandemic and willingness to use the same kind of resource after the pandemic. Results: telehealth technologies were used by 90% of phonoaudiologists in Brazil since before the COVID-19 pandemic. A change in the profile of technologies used was observed: after the pandemic, videoconferences gained more use in contact with patients compared to the pre-pandemic period even though contact via mobile phone and instant messaging applications are the most used, both before and during the pandemic. Conclusion: the study's findings demonstrate that 90% of phonoaudiologists who answered the questionnaire in Brazil used and still make use of telehealth technologies to contact patients. more...
Published: 2022

8. Fatores associados ao uso profissional de mídias sociais por fonoaudiólogos que atuam no Brasil: inquérito populacional via web

Author: Nathalia Avila Dimer, Jesus Cláudio Gabana-Silveira, Carolina Lisbôa Mezzomo, and Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart
Subjects: General Earth and Planetary Sciences, General Medicine, General Environmental Science
Abstract: RESUMO Objetivo: verificar os fatores individuais, laborais e a região de atuação dos fonoaudiólogos atuantes no Brasil, com perfil em redes sociais e que as utilizam profissionalmente. Métodos: inquérito populacional via Web, realizado com fonoaudiólogos atuantes no Brasil no ano de 2020, por meio de um questionário on-line. O desfecho “Como você descreveria seu uso das mídias sociais?” foi recategorizado em “uso pessoal” e “uso profissional”. As frequências absolutas e relativas e análises multivariáveis ajustadas por Regressão de Poisson com variância robusta com seus respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% são apresentados. Resultados: dos 442 entrevistados, 93,7% eram do sexo feminino, com média de idade de 38,0 anos (± 11,1). O desfecho “usar mídias sociais profissionalmente” foi encontrado em 64,7% dos entrevistados. Na análise multivariável, a relação de trabalho privada, idade entre 31 e 45 anos e mais de 26 anos de formação na graduação foram aspectos associados significantemente com o uso profissional das mídias sociais. Conclusão: aproximadamente dois terços dos fonoaudiólogos brasileiros com perfis em mídias sociais as utilizam profissionalmente, isso sugere a necessidade de reflexão e discussão sobre os caminhos desejáveis e aceitos em relação a adequada utilização destes meios para o trabalho. more...
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

9. Factors associated with the professional use of social media by speech-language therapists and audiologists working in Brazil: a web-based survey

Author: Nathalia Avila Dimer, Jesus Cláudio Gabana-Silveira, Carolina Lisbôa Mezzomo, and Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart
Subjects: Online Social Networking, Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Health Personnel, Redes Sociais Online, Mídias Sociais, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Fonoaudiologia, Telemedicina, General Medicine, Pessoal de Saúde, Social Media, Telemedicine, General Environmental Science
Abstract: Purpose: to verify personal and work factors, and specialties of Brazilian speech-language therapists and audiologists who use social media profiles, professionally. Methods: an online questionnaire was used to carry out a population survey with working speech-language therapists and audiologists in Brazil, in 2020. The outcome of “How would you describe your use of social media?” was recategorized into “personal use” and “professional use”. Absolute and relative frequencies were calculated. Multivariate prevalence ratios were adjusted using the Poisson regression model with robust variance and 95% confidence intervals. Results: out of the 442 respondents, 93.7% were females, with a mean age of 38.0 years (± 11.1). The primary outcome, “professional use of social media”, occurred for 64.7% of the participants. In the multivariate analysis, private employment, participants in the 31-45 age range, and >26 years of work history after graduation were significantly associated with the professional use of social media. Conclusion: social media are used by approximately two-thirds of Brazilian speech-language therapists and audiologists. This finding suggests a need for reflection and discussion about the proper use of social media for work purposes. RESUMO Objetivo: verificar os fatores individuais, laborais e a região de atuação dos fonoaudiólogos atuantes no Brasil, com perfil em redes sociais e que as utilizam profissionalmente. Métodos: inquérito populacional via Web, realizado com fonoaudiólogos atuantes no Brasil no ano de 2020, por meio de um questionário on-line. O desfecho “Como você descreveria seu uso das mídias sociais?” foi recategorizado em “uso pessoal” e “uso profissional”. As frequências absolutas e relativas e análises multivariáveis ajustadas por Regressão de Poisson com variância robusta com seus respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% são apresentados. Resultados: dos 442 entrevistados, 93,7% eram do sexo feminino, com média de idade de 38,0 anos (± 11,1). O desfecho “usar mídias sociais profissionalmente” foi encontrado em 64,7% dos entrevistados. Na análise multivariável, a relação de trabalho privada, idade entre 31 e 45 anos e mais de 26 anos de formação na graduação foram aspectos associados significantemente com o uso profissional das mídias sociais. Conclusão: aproximadamente dois terços dos fonoaudiólogos brasileiros com perfis em mídias sociais as utilizam profissionalmente, isso sugere a necessidade de reflexão e discussão sobre os caminhos desejáveis e aceitos em relação a adequada utilização destes meios para o trabalho. more...
Published: 2022

10. O papel do fonoaudiólogo e o foco da intervenção no TEA

Author: Fernanda Dreux Miranda Fernandes, Cibelle Albuquerque de la Higuera Amato, Jacy Perissinoto, Simone Aparecida Lopes-Herrera, Ana Paula Ramos de Souza, Ana Carina Tamanaha, Ana Cristina de Albuquerque Montenegro, Leticia Segeren, Fernanda Prada Machado, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, and Daniela Regina Molini-Avejonas more...
Subjects: Speech and Hearing, Otorhinolaryngology, TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA, Language and Linguistics, Atuação do fonoaudiólogo
Abstract: Resumo não disponível
Published: 2022

11. The role of the phonoaudiologist and the focus on ASD intervention

Author: Fernanda Dreux Miranda, Fernandes, Cibelle Albuquerque de la Higuera, Amato, Jacy, Perissinoto, Simone Aparecida, Lopes-Herrera, Ana Paula Ramos de, Souza, Ana Carina, Tamanaha, Ana Cristina de Albuquerque, Montenegro, Leticia, Segeren, Fernanda Prada, Machado, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de, Goulart, and Daniela Regina, Molini-Avejonas more...
Subjects: Autism Spectrum Disorder, Humans
Published: 2021

12. Associations between occupational factors and self-rated health in the national Brazilian working population

Author: Patricia Klarmann Ziegelmann, Isabelle Niedhammer, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Jean-François Chastang, Nágila Soares Xavier Oenning, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul [Porto Alegre] (UFRGS), CAPES, Coordination of Improvement of Higher Level Personnel, CNPq, National Council for Scientific and Technological Development, Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA), Jonchère, Laurent, Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ) more...
Subjects: Male, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Ethnic group, 0302 clinical medicine, Working population, 5. Gender equality, Risk Factors, Epidemiology, 030212 general & internal medicine, Workers, Self-rated health, Condições de trabalho, Occupational exposures, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Autoavaliação, Middle Aged, 030210 environmental & occupational health, Working time, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Saúde do trabalhador, Occupational exposures, working conditions, 8. Economic growth, Marital status, Female, Psychosocial, Brazil, Research Article, Adult, Employment, medicine.medical_specialty, education, Working conditions, 03 medical and health sciences, Diagnostic Self Evaluation, Environmental health, medicine, Humans, business.industry, Brasil, Public health, working conditions, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, lcsh:RA1-1270, body regions, Cross-Sectional Studies, Brasil [Saúde], Biostatistics, Self-reported health, Exposição ocupacional, business
Abstract: Background The literature remains seldom on the topic of self-rated health (SRH) among the national working populations of emerging countries. The objectives of the study were to examine the associations of occupational factors with SRH in a national representative sample of the working population in Brazil. Methods This study relied on a cross-sectional sample of 36,442 workers, 16,992 women and 19,450 men. SRH was the studied health outcome. Sixteen occupational factors related to four topics were studied: employment characteristics, working time/hours, psychosocial work factors and physical and chemical work exposures. The associations between occupational factors and SRH were studied using logistic regression models with adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics (age, ethnicity and marital status). The analyses were performed for each gender separately and using weights. Results The prevalence of poor SRH was 26.71%, this prevalence being higher among women (29.77%) than among men (24.23%). The following risk factors for poor SRH were found among men and women: working as a self-employed worker, clerk/service worker, manual worker, part-time (≤ 20 h/week), exposure to work stress, exposure to high physical activity and exposure to sun. The risk factors for poor SRH among women only were: working as a domestic worker and exposure to noise, and among men, working in the agriculture sector. Conclusions Our study suggested that occupational factors related to both physical and psychosocial work environment may be associated with SRH in the working population in Brazil. Improving working conditions may be beneficial for health at work in Brazil. more...
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

13. Self-rated health and hearing disorders: study of the Brazilian hearing-impaired population

Author: Alexandre Baumgarten, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Rafaela Soares Rech, and Paula Anderle
Subjects: Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Activities of daily living, Adolescent, Hearing loss, Cross-sectional study, Perda Auditiva, Population, Audiology, symbols.namesake, Self-perception of health, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Hearing, medicine, Humans, Poisson regression, education, Hearing Loss, Hearing Disorders, Self-rated health, education.field_of_study, Inquéritos Epidemiológicos, business.industry, Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, medicine.disease, Autopercepção de saúde, Health Surveys, Cross-Sectional Studies, symbols, Hearing impaired, Female, medicine.symptom, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, business, Brazil
Abstract: Hearing impairment (HI) is one of the most impacting handicaps related to social life, and 21% have intense limitation compromising daily activities. However, few studies have investigated SRH in HI. This article aims to verify the association between HI and SRH and factors related to hearing characteristics. Cross-sectional study data from National Health Survey (NHS, 2013) conducted with 1,100 hearing impaired adults (≥18 years old). The outcome was SHR, categorized as good or poor. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to calculate Prevalence Ratios. Sociodemographic variables and characteristics of HI, such as congenital or acquired HI, type of HI, wear hearing aids, and limitation were used in adjusted analysis. Poor SRH was more prevalent in acquired HI, limitation of daily activities, sociodemographic characteristics such as aging, female, black or other skin color, and lower schooling. Poor SRH is related to acquired HI, limitation of daily activities and sociodemographic conditions. Resumo A deficiência auditiva (DA) é uma das deficiências mais impactantes em relação à vida social, e 21% apresentam limitação intensa, comprometendo as atividades diárias. No entanto, poucos estudos investigaram autopercepção de saúde na DA. O objetivo deste artigo é verificar a associação entre deficiência auditiva e autopercepção de saúde, bem como fatores relacionados às características auditivas. Estudo transversal com dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS, 2013) realizada com 1.100 adultos (≥18 anos) com DA. O desfecho estudado foi a autopercepção da saúde, categorizada em boa ou ruim. As razões de prevalência foram analisadas com regressão de Poisson com variância robusta. Para ajuste foram utilizados dados sociodemográficos e características da perda auditiva, como deficiência congênita ou adquirida, tipo de DA, uso de aparelhos auditivos e da limitação das atividades diárias. A maior prevalência de autopercepção de saúde ruim foi associada à surdez adquirida, à limitação das atividades diárias, bem como características sociodemográficas como envelhecimento, sexo feminino, cor de pele preta ou outra e menor nível escolar. A autoavaliação de saúde ruim está relacionada à perda auditiva adquirida, à limitação das atividades diárias e a características sociodemográficas. more...
Published: 2021

14. Prevalence of speech-language and hearing disorders in elderly and younger adults according to sex and age: a population survey

Author: Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Rafaela Soares Rech, Brasília Maria Chiari, and Nathalia Avila Dimer
Subjects: Epidemiology, P1-1091, Saúde Pública, Language and Linguistics, 030507 speech-language pathology & audiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Speech and Hearing, 0302 clinical medicine, Prevalence, Medicine, Prevalência, Epidemiologia, Philology. Linguistics, Population survey, Inquéritos Epidemiológicos, business.industry, Fonoaudiologia, Health Surveys, Otorhinolaryngology, RF1-547, Younger adults, Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Public Health, 0305 other medical science, business, Humanities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a distribuição dos distúrbios fonoaudiológicos autorreferidos em relação ao sexo e à faixa etária em uma amostra representativa da população do sul do Brasil. Método Estudo transversal em adultos e idosos com base em um inquérito populacional domiciliar autodeclarado sobre Distúrbios da Comunicação Humana (DCH-POP). Foram realizadas entrevistas domiciliares padronizadas com a aplicação de um questionário com residentes da cidade de Porto Alegre entre 2012 e 2014. O desfecho estudado foi “distúrbios fonoaudiológicos”, constituído a partir dos dados das variáveis: linguagem, motricidade orofacial, audição e equilíbrio. Foram realizadas análises de frequência absoluta e relativa. Razões de prevalência multivariáveis foram estimadas em análise ajustada pela Regressão de Poisson com variância robusta e respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95%. Resultados Dos 1246 indivíduos entrevistados, 918 participantes foram elegíveis para este estudo. A maioria é do sexo feminino (58,1%) e a idade média foi de 48,9 (±19,6) anos. O desfecho distúrbio fonoaudiológico foi encontrado em 364 (39,4%) indivíduos, sendo que a faixa etária mais acometida foi a de 60 anos ou mais (54,4%), apresentando maior prevalência no sexo masculino (58,9%), do que no feminino (51,9%). Na análise multivariável ajustada verifica-se que há razão de prevalência significativa apenas em indivíduos idosos com 60 anos ou mais (RP 1,84 IC95% 1,50-2,26). Conclusão Neste estudo não encontramos diferenças significativas entre os sexos na prevalência dos distúrbios fonoaudiológicos autorreferidos em adultos e idosos. Entretanto, pessoas mais velhas apresentam maior prevalência destes, especialmente aquelas com idade entre 60 anos ou mais. ABSTRACT Purpose To verify the distribution of self-reported speech-language and hearing disorders and their association to sex and age in a representative sample of the population in southern Brazil. Methods Prevalence of speech-language and hearing disorders in elderly and younger adults according to sex and age: a population survey based on a household survey on Human Communication Disorders (DCH-POP Study). Standardized home interviews were conducted using a questionnaire with residents of the city of Porto Alegre between 2012 and 2014. The study outcome was self-reported “speech-language and hearing disorders”, constituted from the variables: language, orofacial motricity, hearing, and balance. Analyses of absolute and relative frequencies were performed. Multivariable prevalence ratios were estimated in an adjusted analysis using Poisson Regression with robust variation and 95% confidence intervals. Results Of the 1246 individuals interviewed, 918 participants were eligible for this study. Most of them were female (58.1%), and the average age was 48.9 (± 19.6) years. The outcome of speech-language and hearing disorders was found in 364 (39.4%) individuals, and the most affected age group was 60 years old or more (54.4%), with a higher prevalence in men (58.9%) than in women (51.9%). The multivariate analysis showed a significant prevalence ratio only in elderly individuals aged 60 years or older (PR 1.84; 95% CI 1.50-2.26). Conclusion In this study, we did not find significant differences between sexes in the prevalence of self-reported speech-language and hearing disorders in elderly and younger adults. However, elderly and younger adults presented a higher prevalence of these disorders. more...
Published: 2021

15. Caries experience in caregiver-intellectual deficient pair: Influence of caregiver's psychological morbidity

Author: Juliana Balbinot Hilgert, Joana Cunha-Cruz, Alexandre Baumgarten, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, and Rafaela Soares Rech
Subjects: Dental Caries Susceptibility, Quality of sleep, Oral Health, Dental Caries, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Prevalence, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Poisson regression, Child, General Dentistry, Socioeconomic status, Depression (differential diagnoses), Sleep disorder, business.industry, DMFT Index, 030206 dentistry, medicine.disease, stomatognathic diseases, Cross-Sectional Studies, Caregivers, symbols, Anxiety, medicine.symptom, Caries experience, business, Clinical psychology
Abstract: OBJECTIVE Evaluate how determinants of psychological morbidity were associated with dental caries experience in the caregiver-intellectual deficient pair. METHODS A cross-sectional study with 299 pair, who had their oral health status assessed using the DMFT index (decayed, missing and filled teeth). Symptoms of anxiety, depression, stress, quality of sleep, and socioeconomic variables were measured in caregivers. Adjusted prevalence ratios were estimated using Poisson regression with the caregiver and children's caries index as outcome. RESULTS The average prevalence of DMFT/dmft was 7.48 (SD ± 3.9) for students with ID and DMFT was 14.7 (SD ± 8.1) for their caregivers. For the caregiver's oral health, the following psychic comorbidities were associated with worse oral health condition: anxiety (PR = 1.48; 95%CI 1.07-2.06), depression (PR = 1.39; 95%CI 1.05-1.85), high level of stress (PR = 1.58; 95%CI 1.17-2.13) and sleep disorders (PR = 1.59; 95%CI 1.18-2.14). For people with ID, the caregiver's psychic comorbidities also showed association with a worse oral health condition, including anxiety (PR = 1.31; 95%CI 1.03-1.74), depression (PR = 1.28; 95%CI 1.01-1.67) and high level of stress (PR = 1.63; 95%CI 1.14-2.32), as well as mother's high level of DMFT (PR = 1.96; 95%CI 1.28-3.03). CONCLUSION Symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress were associated with higher levels of dental caries experience for caregivers and for people with intellectual disabilities. more...
Published: 2021

16. Net Survival in Survival Analyses for Patients with Cancer: A Scoping Review

Author: Camila Macedo Lima Nagamine, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, and Patrícia Klarmann Ziegelmann
Subjects: Net survival, Cancer Research, cancer survival, net survival, cancer registries, epidemiology, Pohar Perme Estimator, Oncology, Análise de sobrevivência, Epidemiology, Cancer registries, Câncer, Epidemiologia, Cancer survival
Abstract: Population-based net survival is an important tool for assessing prognostic advances. The unbiased Pohar Perme Estimator (PPE) was suggested in 2012 and soon established itself as the gold standard for estimating net survival. This scoping review aims to know in which context this estimator is being used in the oncology area, what the authors point out as a justification for its use, and the limitations found. We searched PubMed, and the grey literature to answer the question: Have studies involving patients diagnosed with cancer used the PPE to estimate cancer-specific survival? How do they justify the use of the PPE and what are the limitations pointed out? Out of 295 screened, 85 studies were included in this review. The two main characteristics of the PPE mentioned by the studies as justification were the fact that it is an unbiased estimator (83.5%) and that it produces comparable estimates among populations with different mortality rates from causes other than cancer (36.47%). No study pointed to a limitation due to the use of PPE. As a conclusion, the Pohar Perme Estimator is the gold standard for estimating net survival and should be more used in oncology, especially when dealing with population-based studies where the follow-up time is long, making high the probability of death from causes other than cancer. more...
Published: 2022
Full Text: View/download PDF

17. Tooth Loss Condition and Social Discrimination in Brazilian Healthcare Services

Author: Rafaela Soares Rech, Camila Mello dos Santos, Alexandre Baumgarten, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, and Alexandre Fávero Bulgarelli
Subjects: Adult, Male, Oral health, Health (social science), dental, Protective factor, cross-sectional studies, International Journal of Public Health, Esthetics, dental, Estética dentária, 03 medical and health sciences, Health services, Tooth Loss, 0302 clinical medicine, Saúde pública, esthetics, Health care, Tooth loss, Dental public health, Medicine, Humans, Saúde bucal, 030212 general & internal medicine, Social discrimination, business.industry, Serviços de saúde, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, 030206 dentistry, Social Discrimination, Health Services, Skin colour, prejudice, Estudos transversais, Cross-sectional studies, oral health, Original Article, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Effect modification, Prejudice, Brazil, Demography, dental public health
Abstract: Objective: To explore factors associated with social discrimination against users of health services regarding dental aesthetic conditions.Methods: Based on a Brazilian National Survey, multivariate Poisson regressions with robust variance were used to explore the association of outcome discrimination related to different motivations in health services and exposure to sociodemographic and dental variables. Effect modification by complete prosthesis wearing was assessed.Results: Among the 60,200 people interviewed, 11.5% reported being discriminated against in health services. For women, a higher prevalence of discrimination was found among those in the age group of 30–44 years. For both sexes, discrimination was associated with black and brown skin color. Regarding dental characteristics, the higher the tooth loss was, the higher the prevalence of discrimination; however, complete prosthesis wearing presented as a protective factor. Social discrimination was the major motivation for reported discrimination and presented higher prevalence in edentulous individuals who did not wear prosthesis.Conclusion: Dental loss may lead to self-reported discrimination in health care services. The prevalence of discrimination increases when tooth loss increases, and the major reason associated is social discrimination. more...
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

18. Mapping subnational HIV mortality in six Latin American countries with incomplete vital registration systems

Author: Simachew Animen Bante, Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís, Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suárez, Deniz Yuce, Ninuk Hariyani, Virginia Núñez-Samudio, Zhi-Jiang Zhang, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Sindhura Lakshmi Koulmane Laxminarayana, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Natalie Maria Cormier, Ghulam Mustafa, Arielle Wilder Eagan, Shirin Djalalinia, Jalal Arabloo, Bay Vo, Mukhammad David Naimzada, Farahnaz Joukar, Arvin Haj-Mirzaian, Julia Moreira Pescarini, Getinet Kassahun, Robert Ancuceanu, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Amin Soheili, Félix Carvalho, Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez, Aubrey J. Cook, Jasvinder A. Singh, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Sergio I. Prada, Seyedeh Zahra Masoumi, Rajesh Sagar, Emmanuel Peprah, Fenta Hun Y. Beyene, Mikhail Sergeevich Zastrozhin, Dimas Ria Angga Pribadi, Yun Jin Kim, Maryam Adabi, Feleke Mekonnen Demeke, Valentin Yurievich Skryabin, Mathew M. Baumann, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Ali Kazemi Karyani, Nooshin Abbasi, Eyayou Girma Tadesse, Sanjay Basu, Hadi Hassankhani, Keyghobad Ghadiri, Keshab Deuba, Dilshad Manzar, Robert L. Thompson, Keivan Ahmadi, Rahmatollah Moradzadeh, Shaimaa I. El-Jaafary, Alessandra C. Goulart, Diana Fernanda Bejarano Ramirez, Samata Nepal, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Gebiyaw Wudie Tsegaye, Irina Filip, Ian D. Letourneau, Ramesh Holla, Neda Kianipour, Maha El Tantawi, Lucas Earl, Paul S. F. Yip, Miguel A Barboza, Rajan Nikbakhsh, Nauman Khalid, Kimberly B. Johnson, Iván Landires, Manasi Kumar, Babak Moazen, Rohol Lah Kalhor, Dinh-Toi Chu, Lauren E. Schaeffer, Nima Rezaei, Alexandre C. Pereira, Susan F. Rumisha, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Xuefeng Liu, Feng Sha, Mahaveer Golechha, Davood Anvari, Urvish K Patel, Bing-Fang Hwang, Samath D Dharmaratne, Muhammad Aqeel, Kebede Deribe, Nelsensius Klau Fauk, Lillian Mwanri, Nuruzzaman Khan, Yunquan Zhang, Paula Moraga, Ai Koyanagi, Abdallah M. Samy, Nithin Kumar, Rahul Gupta, Samad Azari, Soheil Hassanipour, Archith Boloor, Kiana Ramezanzadeh, Andrew J. Croneberger, Enrico Rubagotti, Jaykaran Charan, Khezar Hayat, Amir Masoud Rahmani, Kio Mars Sharafi, Ionut Negoi, Simon I. Hay, Deborah Carvalho Malta, Yasser Vasseghian, Yihienew M. Bezabih, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Nazir Fattahi, Adnan Kisa, Alok Atreya, Devasahayam J. Christopher, Ayenew Kassie Tesema, Nuwan Darshana Wickramasinghe, Jaffar Abbas, Daniel Diaz, Desta Debalkie Atnafu, Malke Asaad, Arief Hargono, Zahid A Butt, Dharmesh Kumar Lal, Pankaj Bhardwaj, Amir Radfar, Salman Rawaf, Vardhmaan Jain, Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Krittika Bhattacharyya, João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia, Behzad Karami Matin, Mohammad Rifat Haider, Emily Haeuser, S. Mohammad Sajadi, Francisco Rogerlândio Martins-Melo, Jagadish Rao Padubidri, Carlos Alberto Marrugo Arnedo, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Tomislav Mestrovic, Hawraz Ibrahim M. Amin, Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, Seithikurippu R. Pandi-Perumal, Arash Ziapour, Samantha Perkins, Deepa Jahagirdar, Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula, Eduarda Fernandes, Nataliya Foigt, Audrey L. Serfes, Fissaha Tekulu Welay, Savita Lasrado, Saad M.A. Dahlawi, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Hedayat Abbastabar, Om P Kurmi, Hung Chak Ho, Faheem Hyder Pottoo, Priya Rathi, Chukwuma David Umeokonkwo, Ali Bijani, Shanshan Li, Reza Rawassizadeh, Vishnu Renjith, Barthelemy Kuate Defo, Giang Thu Vu, Farah Daoud, Tudorel Andrei, Ricardo de Souza Kuchenbecker, Fakher Rahim, Adeyinka Emmanuel Adegbosin, Sezer Kisa, Rajesh Elayedath, Shafiu Mohammed, Vinod C. Nayak, Fisaha Haile Tesfay, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Masoud Foroutan, Mingyou Yang, Yousef Mohammad, Abdul-Aziz Seidu, Benjamin K. Mayala, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Amin Mousavi Khaneghah, Nikha Bhardwaj, Masoud Moradi, Charles Ugochukwu Ibeneme, Olatunji O. Adetokunboh, Carlo La Vecchia, Tesfay B.B. Gebremariam, Ritesh G. Menezes, Olatunde Aremu, Bogdan Oancea, Mohiuddin Ahsanul Kabir Chowdhury, Stefanie Watson, Yousef Moradi, Souranshu Chatterjee, Ugo Gori, Isabela M. Benseñor, Khem Narayan Pokhrel, Hailay Abrha Gesesew, Paul Ward, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Usman Iqbal, Rekha Thapar, Naser Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Yasir Waheed, Ziad A. Memish, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Daiane Borges Machado, Shrikant Pawar, Soosanna Kumary Chattu, Sanni Yaya, Ketema Bizuwork Gebremedhin, Naohiro Yonemoto, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Marcela Agudelo-Botero, Amber Sligar, Nicole Davis Weaver, Kenji Shibuya, Claudiu Herteliu, Andreea Mirica, André Karch, Asif Hanif, Atif Amin Baig, Salah Eddin Karimi, Gulfaraz Khan, David Laith Rawaf, Andrew T Olagunju, Chuanhua Yu, Darshan B B, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Takeshi Fukumoto, Neeraj Bedi, Claudio Alberto Dávila-Cervantes, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Deepak Madi, Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider, Masood Ali Shaikh, Juwel Rana, Tanuj Kanchan, Mohamed M. Gad, Syed Amir Gilani, Victor Adekanmbi, Mu'awiyyah Babale Sufiyan, Harish Chander Gugnani, Tadele G. Adal, Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman, Leila R Kalankesh, Gbenga A. Kayode, Bach Xuan Tran, Ana Isabel Ribeiro, Basavaprabhu Achappa, Andem Effiong, André Faro, Javad Nazari, Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Soewarta Kosen, Vahid Alipour, Sowmya J. Rao, Rosario Cárdenas, Milena Ilic, Ravi Prakash Jha, Zebenay Workneh Bitew, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Dian Kusuma, Yum Ing Guo, Mowafa Househ, Arya Haj-Mirzaian, Krista M. Steuben, Hadush Negash, Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan, Irena Ilic, Laura Dwyer-Lindgren, Godfrey Mutashambara Rwegerera, Florian Fischer, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn Gebremeskel, Kate E. LeGrand, Ravishankar Nagaraja, Reza Mohammadpourhodki, Mark Drew Crosland Guimarães, Kewal Krishan, Maryam Zamanian, Paul H. Lee, Emerito Jose A. Faraon, Rafael Alves Guimarães, Aziz Sheikh, Marwa Rashad Salem, Michael A. Cork, Francesco Saverio Violante, Bright Opoku Ahinkorah, Liliana Preotescu, Somayeh Bohlouli, Aziz Rezapour, Ana Melisa Pardo-Montaño, Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, Khaled Khatab, Teklehaimanot Gereziher Haile, Mohammad Ali Moni, Govinda Prasad Dhungana, Leonardo Roever, Carlos Magis-Rodriguez, Andre R. Brunoni, Nathaniel J. Henry, Brijesh Sathian, Bingyu Li, Maciej Banach, Hasan Yusefzadeh, Nikita Otstavnov, Bruno Ramos Nascimento, Fernando de la Hoz, Georges Nguefack-Tsague, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Robert Kaba Alhassan, Jae Il Shin, Andre Rodrigues Duraes, Yuan-Pang Wang, Felix Akpojene Ogbo, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Eman Abu-Gharbieh, Vaman Kulkarni, Anna Aleksandrovna Skryabina, Sait Mentes Birlik, Maarten J. Postma, Chhabi Lal Ranabhat, Walter Mendoza, Yanzhong Wang, Maryam Keramati, Mahesh P A, Ali H. Mokdad, Muhammad Naveed, Nitin Joseph, Ronny Westerman, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Value, Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), Cork M.A., Henry N.J., Watson S., Croneberger A.J., Baumann M., Letourneau I.D., Yang M., Serfes A.L., Abbas J., Abbasi N., Abbastabar H., Abreu L.G., Abu-Gharbieh E., Achappa B., Adabi M., Adal T.G., Adegbosin A.E., Adekanmbi V., Adetokunboh O.O., Agudelo-Botero M., Ahinkorah B.O., Ahmadi K., Ahmed M.B., Alhassan R.K., Alipour V., Almasi-Hashiani A., Alvis-Guzman N., Ancuceanu R., Andrei T., Anvari D., Aqeel M., Arabloo J., Aremu O., Asaad M., Atnafu D.D., Atreya A., Quintanilla B.P.A., Azari S., B D.B., Baig A.A., Banach M., Bante S.A., Barboza M.A., Basu S., Bedi N., Ramirez D.F.B., Bensenor I.M., Beyene F.-H.Y., Bezabih Y.M., Bhagavathula A.S., Bhardwaj N., Bhardwaj P., Bhattacharyya K., Bhutta Z.A., Bijani A., Birlik S.M., Bitew Z.W., Bohlouli S., Boloor A., Brunoni A.R., Butt Z.A., Cardenas R., Carvalho F., Castaldelli-Maia J.M., Casta-neda-orjuela C.A., Charan J., Chatterjee S., Chattu V.K., Chattu S.K., Chowdhury M.A.K., Christopher D.J., Chu D.-T., Cook A.J., Cormier N.M., Dahlawi S.M.A., Daoud F., Davila-Cervantes C.A., Weaver N.D., De la Hoz F.P., Demeke F.M., Denova-Gutierrez E., Deribe K., Deuba K., Dharmaratne S.D., Dhungana G.P., Diaz D., Djalalinia S., Duraes A.R., Eagan A.W., Earl L., Effiong A., Zaki M.E.S., Tantawi M.E., Elayedath R., El-Jaafary S.I., Faraon E.J.A., Faro A., Fattahi N., Fauk N.K., Fernandes E., Filip I., Fischer F., Foigt N.A., Foroutan M., Fukumoto T., Gad M.M., Gebremariam T.B.B., Gebremed-Hin K.B., Gebremeskel G.G., Gesesew H.A., Ghadiri K., Ghashghaee A., Gilani S.A., Golechha M., Gori U., Goulart A.C., Goulart B.N.G., Gugnani H.C., Guimaraes M.D.C., Guimaraes R.A., Guo Y.-I., Gupta R., Haeuser E., Haider M.R., Haile T.G., Haj-Mirzaian A., Hanif A., Hargono A., Hariyani N., Hassanipour S., Hassankhani H., Hayat K., Herteliu C., Ho H.C., Holla R., Hosseinzadeh M., Househ M., Hwang B.-F., Ibeneme C.U., Ibitoye S.E., Ile-Sanmi O.S., Ilic M.D., Ilic I.M., Iqbal U., Jahagir-Dar D., Jain V., Jakovljevic M., Jha R.P., Johnson K.B., Joseph N., Joukar F., Kalankesh L.R., Kalhor R.-L., Kanchan T., Matin B.K., Karch A., Karimi S.E., Kassahun G., Kayode G.A., Karyani A.K., Keramati M., Khalid N., Khan E.A., Khan G., Khan M.N.N., Khatab K., Kianipour N., Kim Y.J., Kisa S., Kisa A., Kosen S., Laxminarayana S.L.K., Koyanagi A., Krishan K., Defo B.K., Kuchenbecker R.S., Kulkarni V., Kumar N., Kumar M., Kurmi O.P., Kusuma D., Vecchia C.L., Lal D.K., Landires I., Lasrado S., Lee P.H., Legrand K.E., Li B., Li S., Liu X., Amin H.I.M., Machado D.B., Madi D., Magis-Rodriguez C., Malta D.C., Mansournia M.A., Manzar M.D., Arnedo C.A.M., Martins-Melo F.R., Masoumi S.Z., Mayala B.K., Medina-Solis C.E., Memish Z.A., Mendoza W., Menezes R.G., Mestrovic T., Mirica A., Moazen B., Mohammad Y., Mezerji N.M.G., Mohammadian-Hafshejani A., Mohammadpourhodki R., Mohammed S., Mokdad A.H., Moni M.A., Moradi M., Moradi Y., Moradzadeh R., Moraga P., Khaneghah A.M.-S., Mustafa G., Mwanri L., Nagaraja R., Nagarajan A.J., Naim-Zada M.D., Nascimento B.R., Naveed D.M., Nayak V.C., Nazari J., Negash H., Negoi I., Nepal S., Nguefack-Tsague G., Nguyen C.T., Nguyen H.L.T., Nikbakhsh R., Noubiap J.J., Nunez-Samudio V., Oancea B., Ogbo F.A., Olagunju A.T., Otstav-Nov N., A M.P., Padubidri J.R., Pandi-Perumal S.R., Pardo-Montano A.M., Patel U.K., Pawar S., Peprah E.K., Pereira A., Perkins S., Pescarini J.M., Pokhrel K.N., Postma M.J., Pot-Too F.H., Prada S.I., Preotescu L., Pribadi D.R.A., Radfar A., Rahim F., Rahman M.H.U., Rahmani A.M., Ramezanzadeh K., Rana J., Ranabhat C.L., Rao S.J., Rathi P., Rawaf S., Rawaf D.L., Rawassizadeh R., Renjith V., Rezaei N., Rezapour A., Ribeiro A.I., Roever L., Rubagotti E., Rumisha S.F., Rwegerera G.M., Sagar R., Sajadi S.M., Salem M.R., Samy A.M., Sarmiento-Suarez R., Sathian B., Schaeffer L.E., Schneider I.J.C., Seidu A.-A., Sha F., Shaikh M.A., Sharafi K.-M., Sheikh A., Shibuya K., Shin J.I., Silva D.A.S., Singh J.A., Skryabin V.Y., Skryabina A.A., Sligar A., Soheili A., Steuben K.M., Sufiyan M.B., Tadesse E.G., Tesema A.K.T., Tesfay F.H., Thapar R., Thompson R.L., Tovani-Palone M.R., Tran B.X., Tsegaye G.W., Umeokonkwo C.D., Unnikrish-Nan B., Vasseghian Y., Violante F.S., Vo B., Vu G.T., Waheed Y., Wang Y.-P., Wang Y., Ward P., Welay F.T., Westerman R., Wickramasinghe N.D., Yaya S., Yip P., Yonemoto N., Yu C., Yuce D., Yusefzadeh H., Zamanian M., Zastroz-Hin M.S., Zhang Z.-J., Zhang Y., Ziapour A., Hay S.I., Dwyer-Lindgren L., Local Burden of Disease HIV Collaborators, Clinicum, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cork, Michael A, Henry, Nathaniel J, Watson, Stefanie, Croneberger, Andrew J, Ahmed, Muktar B, Dwyer-Lindgren, Laura, Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, and Collaborators, Local Burden of Disease HIV more...
Subjects: Male, Latin Americans, lcsh:Medicine, LOW-INCOME, HIV Infections, HIV mortality, HIV/AIDS, Latin America, Mapping, Small area estimation, Spatial statistics, Vital registration, Vital registrations, 0302 clinical medicine, ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Registries, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, media_common, Mortality rate, 1. No poverty, DEATH, Regression analysis, General Medicine, Middle Aged, BRAZIL, Local Burden of Disease HIV Collaborators, 3. Good health, AIDS, SEX, A990 Medicine and Dentistry not elsewhere classified, Female, HEALTH, 0305 other medical science, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Research Article, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Inequality, Adolescent, media_common.quotation_subject, TUBERCULOSIS, Small area estimations, 03 medical and health sciences, Medicine, General & Internal, Sex Factors, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), HIV mortalities, General & Internal Medicine, Humans, Aged, Science & Technology, 030505 public health, business.industry, Public health, lcsh:R, Ecological study, HIV, Bayes Theorem, GLOBAL BURDEN, medicine.disease, TRENDS, Vital Statistics, Spatial statistic, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, Human medicine, business, Demography
Abstract: Background Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a public health priority in Latin America. While the burden of HIV is historically concentrated in urban areas and high-risk groups, subnational estimates that cover multiple countries and years are missing. This paucity is partially due to incomplete vital registration (VR) systems and statistical challenges related to estimating mortality rates in areas with low numbers of HIV deaths. In this analysis, we address this gap and provide novel estimates of the HIV mortality rate and the number of HIV deaths by age group, sex, and municipality in Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, and Mexico. Methods We performed an ecological study using VR data ranging from 2000 to 2017, dependent on individual country data availability. We modeled HIV mortality using a Bayesian spatially explicit mixed-effects regression model that incorporates prior information on VR completeness. We calibrated our results to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. Results All countries displayed over a 40-fold difference in HIV mortality between municipalities with the highest and lowest age-standardized HIV mortality rate in the last year of study for men, and over a 20-fold difference for women. Despite decreases in national HIV mortality in all countries—apart from Ecuador—across the period of study, we found broad variation in relative changes in HIV mortality at the municipality level and increasing relative inequality over time in all countries. In all six countries included in this analysis, 50% or more HIV deaths were concentrated in fewer than 10% of municipalities in the latest year of study. In addition, national age patterns reflected shifts in mortality to older age groups—the median age group among decedents ranged from 30 to 45 years of age at the municipality level in Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico in 2017. Conclusions Our subnational estimates of HIV mortality revealed significant spatial variation and diverging local trends in HIV mortality over time and by age. This analysis provides a framework for incorporating data and uncertainty from incomplete VR systems and can help guide more geographically precise public health intervention to support HIV-related care and reduce HIV-related deaths. more...
Published: 2021

19. Synchronous teleconsultation in the management of temporomandibular disorder

Author: Vanessa Müller Stüermer, Michelle Roxo-Gonçalves, Vinicius Coelho Carrard, Marcelo Rodrigues Gonçalves, and Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart
Subjects: Otorhinolaryngology, RF1-547, Primary Health Care, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, P1-1091, General Medicine, Temporomandibular Joint Disorders, Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome, Philology. Linguistics, Telemedicine, General Environmental Science
Abstract: Purpose: to analyze synchronous teleconsultation as a support tool in the management of temporomandibular disorders in primary health care and to identify which factors have an impact on decisions about teleconsultation. Methods: retrospective study perfomed in TelessaúdeRS, between May 2018 to May 2020. This study used primary data from synchronous teleconsultation, requested by primary health care professionals and carried out by multiprofessional teleconsultants. The data collected were the information reported by the requester, the teleconsultant's suggestions and if there was referral of the patient for specialized care after teleconsultation. The statistical association was investigated between patient characteristics and decision of teleconsultation; and teleconsultation conduct suggestions and decision of teleconsultation, using Fisher's exact test and modeling was performed using binary logistic regression considering 5% of significance (p≤0.05). Results: during the period, 56 teleconsultations had a temporomandibular diagnostic hypothesis, these 79.2% patients were female and the average age was 43.7 years. In 59.1% of teleconsultations, primary care management was suggested, with 72.4% of patients being managed. An association was found between the decision of teleconsultation and referral to specialized care (p more...
Published: 2021
Full Text: View/download PDF

20. [Racial inequalities in access to rehabilitation after a stroke: study of the Brazilian population]

Author: Shayze da Rosa, Souto, Paula, Anderle, and Bárbara Niegia Garcia de, Goulart
Subjects: Adult, Stroke, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Self Report, Health Surveys, Brazil
Abstract: This article aims to verify the association between race/skin color and access to post-stroke rehabilitation services. It is a cross-sectional population-based study including 966 post-stroke adults (≥18 years) that responded to the National Health Survey (PNS). The outcome, access to rehabilitation, and exposure (race/skin color) were collected in a self-reported manner. Socio-demographic variables, clinical history, healthcare plan and post-stroke limitation were considered for the adjustment. Poisson regression with robust variance estimation was used to estimate the association in the crude and adjusted analyses. Based on the sample, 51.8% are self-declared black and 61.4% require rehabilitation, with only 20% having access to the rehabilitation service. Difficulty in accessing rehabilitation was reported by 57.5% of other self-declared races, 43% blacks, and 35.4% whites. In the adjusted analysis, 4% of self-declared black (PR 1.04, CI95%1.00-1.08) and 17% of self-declared yellow and indigenous (PR 1.17, IC95%1.13-1.20) have less access to rehabilitation than their white peers. In Brazil, self-declared black and yellow and indigenous people have worst access to post-stroke rehabilitation in comparison with self-declared white people, highlighting racial inequities in rehabilitation in stroke survivors.O objetivo deste artigo é verificar a associação raça/cor e acesso a serviços de reabilitação pós-AVC. Estudo transversal de base populacional com 966 adultos (≥18 anos) pós-AVC, respondentes da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde. Desfecho, acesso à reabilitação, e exposição (raça/cor) foram coletados de modo autorreferido. Variáveis sociodemográficas, histórico clínico, plano de saúde e limitação pós-AVC foram considerados para o ajuste. Regressão de Poisson com estimativa de variância robusta foi utilizada para estimar a associação nas análises bruta e ajustada. Da amostra total, 51,8% são autodeclarados negros ou outras raças, 61,4% demandam por reabilitação, sendo que apenas 20% têm acesso ao serviço de reabilitação. Dificuldade em acessar reabilitação foi referida por 57,5% dos autodeclarados amarelos ou indígenas, 43% dos negros, e 35,4% dos brancos. Na análise ajustada, negros têm 4% menos acesso à reabilitação se comparados com seus pares brancos (RP 1,04, IC95% 1,00-1,08). Pessoas da raça amarela ou indígena 17% menos acesso que brancos (RP 1,17, IC95% 1,13-1,20). No Brasil, autodeclarados negros, amarelos, indígenas e outros têm pior acesso à reabilitação pós-AVC quando comparados aos autodeclarados brancos, apontando iniquidades raciais na reabilitação em sobreviventes de AVC. more...
Published: 2020

21. Hearing loss prevalence and years lived with disability, 1990-2019: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: Rezaul Karim Ripon, Lydia M. Haile, Richard C. Franklin, Virginia Núñez-Samudio, Sonali G. Choudhari, Chythra R Rao, Maria Inês Schmidt, Jeff T. Zhao, Hanadi Al Hamad, Bing-Fang Hwang, Christopher R. Cederroth, Howard J. Hoffman, Naohiro Yonemoto, Rajaa Al-Raddadi, Avina Vongpradith, David Laith Rawaf, Valentin Yurievich Skryabin, Maja Pasovic, Ismail Tareque, Alessandra Lugo, Theo Vos, Rabia Hussain, Golnaz Heidari, Tarik A. Rashid, Ghozali Ghozali, Stephen S Lim, Bay Vo, Emma Elizabeth Spurlock, Himal Kandel, Jitendra Singh, Adrian Davis, Pankaj Bhardwaj, Houman Sotoudeh, Arif Mohammed, Rekha Thapar, Mohammad Rabiee, Florian Fischer, Deepika Singhal, Haroon Ahmed, Irina Filip, Michael Ekholuenetale, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Abdallah M. Samy, Fatemeh Pashazadeh Kan, Sathish Kumar Jayapal, Ionela-Roxana Glavan, Mikhail Sergeevich Zastrozhin, Bruce Bartholow Duncan, Aziz Rezapour, Jalal Arabloo, Sahel Valadan Tahbaz, Chuanhua Yu, Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, Vahid Rashedi, Shrikant Pawar, Shelly Chadha, Mahaveer Golechha, Bach Xuan Tran, Jaimie D Steinmetz, Deepak Dhamnetiya, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Masood Ali Shaikh, Charlie Ashbaugh, Stany W. Lobo, Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula, Biruk Wogayehu Taddele, Baye Dagnew, Walter Mendoza, Morteza Arab-Zozani, Turki Alanzi, Sandhya Neupane Kandel, Kebadnew Mulatu Mihretie, Zaheer-Ud-Din Babar, Jasvinder A. Singh, Veer Bala Gupta, Maheswar Satpathy, Ali H. Mokdad, Simon I. Hay, Sadia Bibi, Louis Jacob, Christopher J L Murray, Liaqat Ali, Keyvan Pakshir, Allen Seylani, Andre M. N. Renzaho, Eman Abu-Gharbieh, Till Bärnighausen, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Voilet Rodrigues, Vahit Yigit, Mohammed Shannawaz, Mohammad Ali Moni, Ali Yadollahpour, Rose G Bender, Victor M. Oguoma, Rohollah Kalhor, Saif Ullah, Mohammad Zamani, Anna Aleksandrovna Skryabina, Mowafa Househ, Milena Santric-Milicevic, Juwel Rana, Fakher Rahim, Soraya Siabani, Mokhtar Mohammadi, Bolajoko O. Olusanya, Khezar Hayat, Teroj Abdulrahman Mohamed, Palash Chandra Banik, Nikha Bhardwaj, Brijesh Sathian, Fahad Alanezi, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Jagadish Rao Padubidri, Hans Orru, Nawzad K. Al-Salihi, Navid Rabiee, Xuefeng Liu, Iván Landires, Paul S Briant, Jost B. Jonas, Mayowa O. Owolabi, Zhi Jiang Zhang, Farhad Ghamari, Vahid Alipour, Sowmya J. Rao, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Desta Debalkie Atnafu, Lalit Dandona, Molly R Nixon, Rovshan Khalilov, Ai Koyanagi, Silvano Gallus, Saad M.A. Dahlawi, Salman Rawaf, Mohammad Abdollahi, Ted R. Miller, Masao Iwagami, Amanual Getnet Mersha, Savita Lasrado, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Umar Saeed, Fares Alahdab, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Ivo Iavicoli, Yonas Akalu, Amir Masoud Rahmani, Kathleen Pillsbury Hopf, Assefa Desalew, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Amare Belachew Dagnew, Ravi Prakash Jha, Jacob Olusegun Olusanya, Jingkai Wei, Mandira Lamichhane Dhimal, Kaloyan Kamenov, Anasthasia Zastrozhina, Samer Hamidi, Gbenga A. Kayode, Katrin Burkart, Anjali Singal, Shahina Pardhan, Rakhi Dandona, Jaykaran Charan, Akram Pourshams, Xiaochen Dai, Meghnath Dhimal, Kerrie E. Doyle, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Shilpa Gaidhane, Francesco Saverio Violante, Monika Sawhney, Animut Tagele Tamiru, Hai Quang Pham, Atif Amin Baig, Hubert Amu, Judie Arulappan, Ayele Semachew Kasa, Alaa Makki, Syed Amir Gilani, Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Soewarta Kosen, Abhay Gaidhane, Birhanu Wubale Yirdaw, Ismaeel Yunusa, Ali Bijani, Billy Randall Hammond, Neeti Rustagi, Bogdan Oancea, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Amadou Barrow, Mosiur Rahman, Ashkan Afshin, Yigizie Yeshaw, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Amir Radfar, Winfried Schlee, Andrew T Olagunju, Dinh-Toi Chu, Vasily Vlassov, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Sanjeev Misra, Rosa A. S. Couto, Marina Pinheiro, Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman, Amir Abdoli, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Wondimeneh Shibabaw Shiferaw, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Aislyn U. Orji, Vivek Gupta, Giang Thu Vu, G Anil Kumar, Haile L.M., Kamenov K., Briant P.S., Orji A.U., Steinmetz J.D., Abdoli A., Abdollahi M., Abu-Gharbieh E., Afshin A., Ahmed H., Rashid T.A., Akalu Y., Alahdab F., Alanezi F.M., Alanzi T.M., Al Hamad H., Ali L., Alipour V., Al-Raddadi R.M., Amu H., Arabloo J., Arab-Zozani M., Arulappan J., Ashbaugh C., Atnafu D.D., Babar Z.-U.-D., Baig A.A., Banik P.C., Barnighausen T.W., Barrow A., Bender R.G., Bhagavathula A.S., Bhardwaj N., Bhardwaj P., Bibi S., Bijani A., Burkart K., Cederroth C.R., Charan J., Choudhari S.G., Chu D.-T., Couto R.A.S., Dagnew A.B., Dagnew B., Dahlawi S.M.A., Dai X., Dandona L., Dandona R., Desalew A., Dhamnetiya D., Dhimal M.L., Dhimal M., Doyle K.E., Duncan B.B., Ekholuenetale M., Filip I., Fischer F., Franklin R.C., Gaidhane A.M., Gaidhane S., Gallus S., Ghamari F., Ghashghaee A., Ghozali G., Gilani S.A., Glavan I.-R., Golechha M., Goulart B.N.G., Gupta V.B., Gupta V.K., Hamidi S., Hammond B.R., Hay S.I., Hayat K., Heidari G., Hoffman H.J., Hopf K.P., Hosseinzadeh M., Househ M., Hussain R., Hwang B.-F., Iavicoli I., Ibitoye S.E., Ilesanmi O.S., Irvani S.S.N., Islam S.M.S., Iwagami M., Jacob L., Jayapal S.K., Jha R.P., Jonas J.B., Kalhor R., Al-Salihi N.K., Kandel H., Kasa A.S., Kayode G.A., Khalilov R., Khan E.A., Khatib M.N., Kosen S., Koyanagi A., Kumar G.A., Landires I., Lasrado S., Lim S.S., Liu X., Lobo S.W., Lugo A., Makki A., Mendoza W., Mersha A.G., Mihretie K.M., Miller T.R., Misra S., Mohamed T.A., Mohammadi M., Mohammadian-Hafshejani A., Mohammed A., Mokdad A.H., Moni M.A., Kandel S.N., Nguyen H.L.T., Nixon M.R., Noubiap J.J., Nunez-Samudio V., Oancea B., Oguoma V.M., Olagunju A.T., Olusanya B.O., Olusanya J.O., Orru H., Owolabi M.O., Padubidri J.R., Pakshir K., Pardhan S., Kan F.P., Pasovic M., Pawar S., Pham H.Q., Pinheiro M., Pourshams A., Rabiee N., Rabiee M., Radfar A., Rahim F., Rahimi-Movaghar V., Ur Rahman M.H., Rahman M., Rahmani A.M., Rana J., Rao C.R., Rao S.J., Rashedi V., Rawaf D.L., Rawaf S., Renzaho A.M.N., Rezapour A., Ripon R.K., Rodrigues V., Rustagi N., Saeed U., Sahebkar A., Samy A.M., Santric-Milicevic M.M., Sathian B., Satpathy M., Sawhney M., Schlee W., Schmidt M.I., Seylani A., Shaikh M.A., Shannawaz M., Shiferaw W.S., Siabani S., Singal A., Singh J.A., Singh J.K., Singhal D., Skryabin V.Y., Skryabina A.A., Sotoudeh H., Spurlock E.E., Taddele B.W., Tamiru A.T., Tareque M.I., Thapar R., Tovani-Palone M.R., Tran B.X., Ullah S., Tahbaz S.V., Violante F.S., Vlassov V., Vo B., Vongpradith A., Vu G.T., Wei J., Yadollahpour A., Jabbari S.H.Y., Yeshaw Y., Yigit V., Yirdaw B.W., Yonemoto N., Yu C., Yunusa I., Zamani M., Zastrozhin M.S., Zastrozhina A., Zhang Z.-J., Zhao J.T., Murray C.J.L., Davis A.C., Vos T., Chadha S., Haile, Lydia M, Kamenov, Kaloyan, Briant, Paul Svitil, Orji, Aislyn U, Steinmetz, Jaimie D, Abdoli, Amir, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Afshin, Ashkan, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed Rashid, Tarik, Akalu, Yona, Alahdab, Fare, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alanzi, Turki M, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Ali, Liaqat, Alipour, Vahid, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Amu, Hubert, Arabloo, Jalal, Arab-Zozani, Morteza, Arulappan, Judie, Ashbaugh, Charlie, Atnafu, Desta Debalkie, Babar, Zaheer-Ud-Din, Baig, Atif Amin, Banik, Palash Chandra, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barrow, Amadou, Bender, Rose G, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bibi, Sadia, Bijani, Ali, Burkart, Katrin, Cederroth, Christopher R, Charan, Jaykaran, Choudhari, Sonali Gajanan, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Couto, Rosa A S, Dagnew, Amare Belachew, Dagnew, Baye, Dahlawi, Saad M A, Dai, Xiaochen, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Desalew, Assefa, Dhamnetiya, Deepak, Dhimal, Mandira Lamichhane, Dhimal, Meghnath, Doyle, Kerrie E, Duncan, Bruce B, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Franklin, Richard Charle, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Gaidhane, Shilpa, Gallus, Silvano, Ghamari, Farhad, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Ghozali, Ghozali, Gilani, Syed Amir, Glavan, Ionela-Roxana, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goulart, Bárbara Niegia Garcia, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Hamidi, Samer, Hammond, Billy Randall, Hay, Simon I, Hayat, Khezar, Heidari, Golnaz, Hoffman, Howard J, Hopf, Kathleen Pillsbury, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Househ, Mowafa, Hussain, Rabia, Hwang, Bing-Fang, Iavicoli, Ivo, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Iwagami, Masao, Jacob, Loui, Jayapal, Sathish Kumar, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B, Kalhor, Rohollah, Kameran Al-Salihi, Nawzad, Kandel, Himal, Kasa, Ayele Semachew, Kayode, Gbenga A, Khalilov, Rovshan, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli, Kosen, Soewarta, Koyanagi, Ai, Kumar, G Anil, Landires, Iván, Lasrado, Savita, Lim, Stephen S, Liu, Xuefeng, Lobo, Stany W, Lugo, Alessandra, Makki, Alaa, Mendoza, Walter, Mersha, Amanual Getnet, Mihretie, Kebadnew Mulatu, Miller, Ted R, Misra, Sanjeev, Mohamed, Teroj Abdulrahman, Mohammadi, Mokhtar, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammed, Arif, Mokdad, Ali H, Moni, Mohammad Ali, Neupane Kandel, Sandhya, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nixon, Molly R, Noubiap, Jean Jacque, Nuñez-Samudio, Virginia, Oancea, Bogdan, Oguoma, Victor Maduabuchi, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Orru, Han, Owolabi, Mayowa O, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao, Pakshir, Keyvan, Pardhan, Shahina, Pashazadeh Kan, Fatemeh, Pasovic, Maja, Pawar, Shrikant, Pham, Hai Quang, Pinheiro, Marina, Pourshams, Akram, Rabiee, Navid, Rabiee, Mohammad, Radfar, Amir, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Mosiur, Rahmani, Amir Masoud, Rana, Juwel, Rao, Chythra R, Rao, Sowmya J, Rashedi, Vahid, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Renzaho, Andre M N, Rezapour, Aziz, Ripon, Rezaul Karim, Rodrigues, Voilet, Rustagi, Neeti, Saeed, Umar, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Samy, Abdallah M, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Sathian, Brijesh, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Schlee, Winfried, Schmidt, Maria Inê, Seylani, Allen, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Shiferaw, Wondimeneh Shibabaw, Siabani, Soraya, Singal, Anjali, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Jitendra Kumar, Singhal, Deepika, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Sotoudeh, Houman, Spurlock, Emma Elizabeth, Taddele, Biruk Wogayehu, Tamiru, Animut Tagele, Tareque, Md Ismail, Thapar, Rekha, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Bach Xuan, Ullah, Saif, Valadan Tahbaz, Sahel, Violante, Francesco S, Vlassov, Vasily, Vo, Bay, Vongpradith, Avina, Vu, Giang Thu, Wei, Jingkai, Yadollahpour, Ali, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, Yeshaw, Yigizie, Yigit, Vahit, Yirdaw, Birhanu Wubale, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yu, Chuanhua, Yunusa, Ismaeel, Zamani, Mohammad, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zastrozhina, Anasthasia, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zhao, Jeff T, Murray, Christopher J L, Davis, Adrian C, Vos, Theo, and Chadha, Shelly more...
Subjects: Hearing aid, Male, Hearing loss, medicine.medical_treatment, Psychological intervention, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Affect (psychology), Health Services Accessibility, Global Burden of Disease, 03 medical and health sciences, Tinnitus, Medicine, General & Internal, 0302 clinical medicine, Neonatal Screening, Hearing Aids, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Hearing, General & Internal Medicine, Health care, otorhinolaryngologic diseases, Prevalence, Medicine, Humans, Age Factor, Disabled Persons, 030212 general & internal medicine, Hearing Loss, Hearing Lo, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, Science & Technology, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Age Factors, Infant, GBD 2019 Hearing Loss Collaborators, General Medicine, Articles, medicine.disease, Otitis, Hearing Aid, Cytomegalovirus Infections, Disabled Person, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Human, Demography
Abstract: © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licenseBackground: Hearing loss affects access to spoken language, which can affect cognition and development, and can negatively affect social wellbeing. We present updated estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study on the prevalence of hearing loss in 2019, as well as the condition's associated disability. Methods: We did systematic reviews of population-representative surveys on hearing loss prevalence from 1990 to 2019. We fitted nested meta-regression models for severity-specific prevalence, accounting for hearing aid coverage, cause, and the presence of tinnitus. We also forecasted the prevalence of hearing loss until 2050. Findings: An estimated 1·57 billion (95% uncertainty interval 1·51–1·64) people globally had hearing loss in 2019, accounting for one in five people (20·3% [19·5–21·1]). Of these, 403·3 million (357·3–449·5) people had hearing loss that was moderate or higher in severity after adjusting for hearing aid use, and 430·4 million (381·7–479·6) without adjustment. The largest number of people with moderate-to-complete hearing loss resided in the Western Pacific region (127·1 million people [112·3–142·6]). Of all people with a hearing impairment, 62·1% (60·2–63·9) were older than 50 years. The Healthcare Access and Quality (HAQ) Index explained 65·8% of the variation in national age-standardised rates of years lived with disability, because countries with a low HAQ Index had higher rates of years lived with disability. By 2050, a projected 2·45 billion (2·35–2·56) people will have hearing loss, a 56·1% (47·3–65·2) increase from 2019, despite stable age-standardised prevalence. Interpretation: As populations age, the number of people with hearing loss will increase. Interventions such as childhood screening, hearing aids, effective management of otitis media and meningitis, and cochlear implants have the potential to ameliorate this burden. Because the burden of moderate-to-complete hearing loss is concentrated in countries with low health-care quality and access, stronger health-care provision mechanisms are needed to reduce the burden of unaddressed hearing loss in these settings. Funding: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and WHO. more...
Published: 2020

22. The global distribution of lymphatic filariasis, 2000–18:a geospatial analysis

Author: Nataliya Foigt, Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum, Ayenew Negesse Abejie, Samath Dhamminda Dharmaratne, Paramjit Gill, Marcela Agudelo-Botero, Alyssa N. Sbarra, Mario Poljak, Siavash Rahimi, Olalekan A. Uthman, Animut Alebel, Mohsen Naghavi, Olatunji O. Adetokunboh, Maarten J. Postma, Zemichael Gizaw, Chhabi Lal Ranabhat, Leonardo Roever, Mojtaba Bagherzadeh, Smita Pakhale, Seyyed Meysam Mousavi, Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan, Robert C. Reiner, Phetole Walter Mahasha, Walter Mendoza, Azeem Majeed, Agus Sudaryanto, Dessalegn Ajema Berbada, Kate E. LeGrand, Takeshi Fukumoto, Mehdi Sayyah, Konrad Pesudovs, Mahesh P A, Nihal Thomas, Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Malede Mequanent Sisay, Azadeh Shafieesabet, Muhammad Usman, Balbir Singh, Ahsan Saleem, Ahmed Abualhasan, Maheswar Satpathy, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Mehdi Fazlzadeh, Ali H. Mokdad, Irfan Ullah, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Luca Ronfani, James Albright, Si Si, Bartosz Miazgowski, Moses K. Muriithi, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Isaac Oluwafemi Dipeolu, Brijesh Sathian, Shishay Wahdey Tekelemedhin, Tufa Kolola, Mona M. Khater, Reta Tsegaye Gayesa, Andrew T Olagunju, Achala Upendra Jayatilleke, David L. Smith, Raaj Kishore Biswas, Rosario Cardenas, Andre M. N. Renzaho, Benjamin K. Mayala, Soraya Siabani, Ebrahim Babaee, Tsegaye Lolaso Lenjebo, Miliva Mozaffor, Bolajoko O. Olusanya, Joseph Frostad, Emma Elizabeth Spurlock, Hesham M. Al-Mekhlafi, Aso Mohammad Darwesh, Quynh Anh P. Nguyen, Kebede Embaye Gezae, Junaid Khan, Dessalegn Haile, Marcel Ausloos, David C. Schwebel, Bruno Piassi Sao Jose, Milena Ilic, Ionut Negoi, Ninuk Hariyani, Jost B. Jonas, Dian Kusuma, Sachin R Atre, Goura Kishor Rath, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Dereje Bayissa Demissie, Eirini Skiadaresi, Simon I. Hay, Preeti Dhillon, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Mohammad Hasan Imani-Nasab, Gebrehiwot G. Kassa, Nicole Davis Weaver, Mowafa Househ, Soumyadeep Bhaumik, Bahram Armoon, Martin Amogre Ayanore, Shaimaa I. El-Jaafary, Deborah Carvalho Malta, Rufus Adesoji Adedoyin, Alexandria Brown, Zewdie Aderaw Alemu, Mihiretu Kebede, Charles Shey Wiysonge, Bach Xuan Tran, Lal B. Rawal, Kala M. Mehta, Guoqing Hu, Yousef Khader, Heather J. Zar, Shiwei Liu, Norberto Perico, I A Adedeji, Sergio I. Prada, Shai Linn, Saad M.A. Dahlawi, Brigette F. Blacker, Anusha Ganapati Bhat, Desta Haftu Hayelom, Amit Arora, Mohammad Hossein Khosravi, Sanjay Zodpey, Farshad Farzadfar, Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, D. R. Mahadeshwara Prasad, Ajay Patle, Daniel Adane Endalew, Jagdish Khubchandani, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari, Derrick A Bennett, Ziad A. Memish, Eduarda Fernandes, Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, Seyed Mohammad Riahi, Hisham Atan Edinur, Taddese Alemu Zerfu, Robert S. Bernstein, Nader Jahanmehr, Yuming Guo, Tomohide Yamada, Manfred Mario Kokou Accrombessi, Mohamed I Hegazy, Liliana Preotescu, Sanjay Basu, Mohammad Reza Sobhiyeh, Frank B. Osei, Adhena Ayaliew Werkneh, Hamideh Salimzadeh, Ali Bijani, Shanshan Li, Alem Girmay, Sonali Kochhar, Meghnath Dhimal, Yonatal Mesfin Tefera, Saravanan Muthupandian, Francesco Saverio Violante, Monika Sawhney, Shally Awasthi, Samer Hamidi, Davide Guido, Van C. Lansingh, Engida Yisma, Muhammad Redzwan S Rashid Ali, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Sadaf G. Sepanlou, Ali Kiadaliri, Hamed Zandian, Aparna Lal, Diana Fernanda Bejarano Ramirez, Dhirendra N Sinha, Florian Fischer, Hebat Allah Salah A. Yousof, Khanh Bao Tran, Kimberly B. Johnson, Senthilkumar Balakrishnan, Vo Dinh Bay, Arianna Maever L. Amit, Gbenga A. Kayode, John S. Ji, Akhil Soman ThekkePurakkal, Santi Martini, Behzad Heibati, Kebreab Paulos, Tefera Chane Mekonnen, Hagazi Gebre Meles, Vishnu Renjith, Paulina A. Lindstedt, Dinh Toi Chu, Gregory M. Garcia, Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan, Krishna K. Aryal, Irina Filip, Michelle L. Bell, Manfred S. Green, Alaa Badawi, Daniel Bekele Ketema, Claudio Alberto Dávila-Cervantes, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Anton Sokhan, Julio Cesar Campuzano Rincon, Navid Manafi, Siddhesh Zadey, Davide Rasella, Hedayat Abbastabar, Manu Raj Mathur, Till Bärnighausen, Paula Moraga, Joan B. Soriano, Victor Adekanmbi, Seid Tiku Mereta, Mehran Shams-Beyranvand, Osayomwanbo Osarenotor, Mahya Beheshti, Farnam Mohebi, Genet Melak Alamene, Andem Effiong, Thomas R. Hird, Colm McAlinden, In-Hwan Oh, Arash Etemadi, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Rajesh Sharma, Puja C Rao, Masoud Foroutan, Sangram Kishor Patel, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Aniruddha Deshpande, Paul H. Lee, Tukur Dahiru, Chinwe Juliana Iwu, Alireza Rafiei, Somayeh Bohlouli, Juan Sanabria, Javad Nazari, Siamak Sabour, Izza Shahid, Tuomo J. Meretoja, Ireneous N. Soyiri, André Karch, Mehdi Yaseri, Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, Khaled Khatab, Pushpendra Kumar, Ziyad Al-Aly, Khalid A. Altirkawi, Emerito Jose A. Faraon, Hagos Tasew Atalay, Sojib Bin Zaman, Gillian I. Hollerich, Hajer Elkout, Jonathan F. Mosser, Fakher Rahim, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, Benny Antony, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Ismael R. Campos-Nonato, Mohammad Moradi-Joo, Bineyam Taye, Ghulam Mustafa, Cheru Tesema Leshargie, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Tariq Jamal Siddiqi, Rafael Alves Guimarães, Vahid Alipour, Themba G. Ginindza, Wubalem Fekadu, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Mika Shigematsu, Bryan L. Sykes, Gebrekiros Gebremichael Meles, Delia Hendrie, Santosh Varughese, Manasi Kumar, Govinda Prasad Dhungana, Aziz Sheikh, Oladimeji M. Adebayo, Mohsen Bayati, B. Suresh Kumar Shetty, Kinley Wangdi, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Marzieh Nojomi, Carlo La Vecchia, Nuworza Kugbey, Zubair Kabir, Aslam Pervaiz, Muhammed Magdy Abd El Razek, Farzaneh Ghazi Sherbaf, Narinder Pal Singh, Jan Walter De Neve, Mohammad Khazaei, G. K. Mini, Eun-Kee Park, Haileab Fekadu Wolde, Zemenu Tadesse Tessema, Amir Radfar, Syed Ather Hussain, Gebre Teklemariam Demoz, Nasir Salam, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Babak Moazen, Adnan Kisa, Milena Santric-Milicevic, Mitchell T. Wallin, Doris D. V. Ortega-Altamirano, Anwar Ahmed, Yousef Mohammad, Tanuj Kanchan, Feleke Gebremeskel W, Rajesh Sagar, Marwa Rashad Salem, Michael R.M. Abrigo, Fatemeh Heydarpour, Ammar Albujeer, Yasir Waheed, Noore Alam, Vera Marisa Costa, Rajat Das Gupta, Ritesh G. Menezes, Molly K. Miller-Petrie, Amira Shaheen, Seyyede Masoume Athari, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Ken Lee Chin, Ghobad Moradi, Ruth W Kimokoti, Peter Njenga Keiyoro, Kirsten E. Wiens, Nikolay Ivanovich Briko, K M Shivakumar, Ziad El-Khatib, Narayan Bahadur Mahotra, Ronny Westerman, Kamarul Imran Musa, Farshad Pourmalek, Kiomars Sharafi, Yared Asmare Aynalem, Entezar Mehrabi Nasab, Mu'awiyyah Babale Sufiyan, D J Christopher, Valery L. Feigin, Harish Chander Gugnani, Mathew M. Baumann, Platon D. Lopukhov, Tewodros Eshete Wonde, Hai Quang Pham, Luis Alberto Cámera, Meghdad Pirsaheb, Nelson J. Alvis-Zakzuk, Ahmad Daryani, Teferi Mekonnen, Yousef Veisani, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja, Parvaiz A Koul, Daniel Diaz, Ali S. Akanda, Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman, Getachew Mullu Kassa, Daniel J. Weiss, Nauman Khalid, Hassen Mohammed, Edson Serván-Mori, Foad Abd-Allah, Fisaha Haile Tesfay, Abdullah Al Mamun, Yoshan Moodley, Adrian Pana, Salman Rawaf, Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Abdu A. Adamu, Fatemeh Rajati, German Martinez, Habib Benzian, Georgy Lebedev, Ben Lacey, Amir Hasanzadeh, Amir Khater, Merhawi Gebremedhin Tekle, Juanita A. Haagsma, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Ahmed I. Hasaballah, Telma Zahirian Moghadam, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Virendra Singh, Demelash Woldeyohannes Handiso, Gabrielle Britton, Tiffany K. Gill, Sezer Kisa, Zahid A. Butt, Bruno Ramos Nascimento, Ian Pollock, Ted R. Miller, Rebecca Ivers, Savita Lasrado, Rovshan Khalilov, Ai Koyanagi, Benn Sartorius, Maciej Banach, Berhe Etsay Tesfay, Hedley Quintana, Joseph Adel Mattar Banoub, Praveen Hoogar, Ehsan Sadeghi, Kedir Hussein Abegaz, Hasan Yusefzadeh, Bogdan Oancea, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Anbissa Muleta Senbeta, Subramanian Senthilkumaran, Ole Frithjof Norheim, Ester Cerin, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Jennifer Rickard, M Alijanzadeh, Ali Almasi, Erkin M. Mirrakhimov, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Sandra B. Munro, Ambrish Singh, Naohiro Yonemoto, Rahman Shiri, Girmay Teklay Weldesamuel, Jacqueline Elizabeth Alcalde-Rabanal, Daniel Asmelash, Mekdes Tigistu Yilma, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Natalie Maria Cormier, Samiah Alam, Yahya Salimi, Henok Biresaw Netsere, Anh Kim Dang, Jae Il Shin, S. Mohammad Sajadi, Francisco Rogerlândio Martins-Melo, Taweewat Wiangkham, Shankar M Bakkannavar, Eleonora Dubljanin, Itamar S. Santos, Temesgen Yihunie Akalu, Amir Kasaeian, Yahya Safari, Abel Fekadu Fekadu Dadi, Mohammad Fareed, Peter Memiah, Ali Kabir, Ensiyeh Jenabi, Ali Yadollahpour, Josephine W. Ngunjiri, Barthelemy Kuate Defo, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Reza Malekzadeh, Shymaa Enany, Hamidreza Haririan, Ayman Grada, Amador Goodridge, Salvatore Rubino, Jacob Olusegun Olusanya, Jalal Arabloo, Mohammad Reza Salahshoor, Masoud Behzadifar, Fernando de la Hoz, Mohammed Shannawaz, Hosni Salem, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, G Anil Kumar, Veincent Christian Filipino Pepito, Andre Rodrigues Duraes, Duduzile Ndwandwe, Jasvinder A. Singh, Yuan-Pang Wang, Tissa Wijeratne, Ingan Ukur Tarigan, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Sebastian Vollmer, Rakhi Dandona, Ahmed Abdelalim, Akram Pourshams, Felix Akpojene Ogbo, Alan J Thomson, Yves Miel H Zuniga, Alex Yeshaneh, Birhanu Geta Meharie, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Obinna Onwujekwe, Ali S. Shalash, Bahram Mohajer, Nefsu Awoke, Hoa Thi Do, Jaifred Christian F. Lopez, Ernoiz Antriyandarti, Yilma Chisha Dea Geramo, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, Giang Hai Ha, Nizal Sarrafzadegan, Vinay Nangia, David M. Pigott, Arash Ziapour, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Andrew S. Azman, Amira Hamed Darwish, MohammadBagher Shamsi, Soewarta Kosen, Degena Bahrey Tadesse, Soufiane Boufous, Mehedi Hasan, Franz Castro, Adauto Martins Soares Filho, Oliver J. Brady, Elizabeth A. Cromwell, Olatunde Aremu, Samad Azari, Hala Rashad Elhabashy, Hamid Yimam Hassen, Julia Moreira Pescarini, Saeed Amini, Mehdi Ahmadi, Andualem Henok, Yafeng Wang, Nevine El Nahas, Paul S. F. Yip, Miguel A Barboza, Ibrahim Abdollahpour, Augustine Mwangi Gatotoh, Gurudatta Naik, Carl Abelardo T. Antonio, Morteza Abdullatif Khafaie, Meysam Behzadifar, hawariat, Enrico Rubagotti, Andre Faro, Kebede Deribe, Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, Robert L. Thompson, Muhammad Shahdaat Bin Sayeed, Lalit Dandona, Seyyed Shamsadin Athari, Ashish Pathak, Masoud Moradi, Muluken Bekele Sorrie, Vivekanand Jha, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Naser Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Chabila C Mapoma, Aubrey J. Levine, Solomon Gedlu Nigatu, Keivan Ahmadi, Hailay Abrha Gesesew, Getasew Taddesse Worku, Kewal Krishan, Hany Aref, Alebachew Fasil Fasil, Aziz Eftekhari, Claudiu Herteliu, Wasiq Faraz Rawasia, Zoubida Zaidi, Simin Mouodi, Dawit Zewdu Wondafrash, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Oluchi Ezekannagha, Getinet Ayano, Gebremicheal Gebreslassie Kasahun, Usman Iqbal, Andrey Nikolaevich Briko, Workua Mekonnen Metekiya, Chuanhua Yu, Pascual R. Valdez, Mohsen Mazidi, Hamidreza Komaki, Turki Alanzi, Amir Jalali, Mina Anjomshoa, Chukwudi A Nnaji, Mostafa Leili, Hagos Degefa Hidru, Morteza Shamsizadeh, Tomislav Mestrovic, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Chi Linh Hoang, Jemal Abdu Mohammed, Christopher J L Murray, Reza Shirkoohi, Aditya Prasad Dash, Thomas Pilgrim, Alessandra C. Goulart, Rajeev Gupta, Mustafa Z. Younis, Maha El Tantawi, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Aleksandra Barac, Christiane Dolecek, Mohammad Mahdi Zamani, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Faris Lami, Mehdi Naderi, Yunquan Zhang, Babak Eshrati, Jagadish Rao Padubidri, Navid Rabiee, Mayowa O. Owolabi, Netsanet Fentahun, Nuruzzaman Khan, Roghayeh Mohammadibakhsh, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Serge Resnikoff, Dharmesh Kumar Lal, Habtamu Kebebe Kasaye, Ketema Bizuwork Gebremedhin, Surendra Karki, Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez, Félix Carvalho, Yun Jin Kim, Sonia Lewycka, Rashmi Gupta, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Neeraj Bedi, Binaya Chalise, Masood Ali Shaikh, Lauren E. Schaeffer, Kerrie E. Doyle, Gianna Gayle Herrera Amul, Richard C. Franklin, Dara K. Mohammad, Naznin Hossain, Jorge Cano, Jai K Das, Ana Isabel Ribeiro, Boris Bikbov, Sameer Vali Gopalani, Mohsen Afarideh, Behnam Heidari, Fares Alahdab, Takahiro Tabuchi, J. Car, Hilton Y. Lam, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Linda Morales, Brian J. Hall, Mamusha Aman Hussen, Carsten Flohr, Ravi Prakash Jha, Shafiu Mohammed, Tara Ballav Adhikari, Abbas Mosapour, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Wondimeneh Shibabaw Shiferaw, Mohamed M. Gad, Assefa Desalew, Eugenio Traini, Aisha Elsharkawy, Benjamin Uzochukwu, Anas M. Saad, Mohammad Rabiee, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer Saraswathy, Ansariadi Ansariadi, Abdallah M. Samy, Roman Topor-Madry, Afsaneh Arzani, Ayesha Humayun, Michael Tamene Haile, Maryam Khayamzadeh, Farah Daoud, Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi, Public Health, Johnson, KB, Local Burden of Disease 2019 Neglected Tropical Diseases Collaborator, Violante FS, Department of Earth Observation Science, UT-I-ITC-ACQUAL, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, GeoHealth, and Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto more...
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Geospatial analysis, 030231 tropical medicine, Elephantiasis, ELIMINATION, computer.software_genre, Article, Local Burden of Disease 2019 Neglected Tropical Diseases Collaborators, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, RA0421, Environmental health, Global health, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Mass drug administration, Lymphatic filariasis, Public health, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Tropical disease, lcsh:RA1-1270, General Medicine, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, QR, Geography, Lymphatic system, ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE, A990 Medicine and Dentistry not elsewhere classified, ITC-GOLD, computer, 0605 Microbiology
Abstract: Background Lymphatic filariasis is a neglected tropical disease that can cause permanent disability through disruption of the lymphatic system. This disease is caused by parasitic filarial worms that are transmitted by mosquitos. Mass drug administration (MDA) of antihelmintics is recommended by WHO to eliminate lymphatic filariasis as a public health problem. This study aims to produce the first geospatial estimates of the global prevalence of lymphatic filariasis infection over time, to quantify progress towards elimination, and to identify geographical variation in distribution of infection. Methods A global dataset of georeferenced surveyed locations was used to model annual 2000–18 lymphatic filariasis prevalence for 73 current or previously endemic countries. We applied Bayesian model-based geostatistics and time series methods to generate spatially continuous estimates of global all-age 2000–18 prevalence of lymphatic filariasis infection mapped at a resolution of 5 km2 and aggregated to estimate total number of individuals infected. Findings We used 14 927 datapoints to fit the geospatial models. An estimated 199 million total individuals (95% uncertainty interval 174–234 million) worldwide were infected with lymphatic filariasis in 2000, with totals for WHO regions ranging from 3·1 million (1·6–5·7 million) in the region of the Americas to 107 million (91–134 million) in the South-East Asia region. By 2018, an estimated 51 million individuals (43–63 million) were infected. Broad declines in prevalence are observed globally, but focal areas in Africa and southeast Asia remain less likely to have attained infection prevalence thresholds proposed to achieve local elimination. Interpretation Although the prevalence of lymphatic filariasis infection has declined since 2000, MDA is still necessary across large populations in Africa and Asia. Our mapped estimates can be used to identify areas where the probability of meeting infection thresholds is low, and when coupled with large uncertainty in the predictions, indicate additional data collection or intervention might be warranted before MDA programmes cease. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. more...
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

23. Mapping geographical inequalities in access to drinking water and sanitation facilities in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000-17

Author: Joseph Frostad, Eirini Skiadaresi, Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi, Aleksandra Barac, Simon I. Hay, Deborah Carvalho Malta, Achala Upendra Jayatilleke, David L. Smith, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Brigette F. Blacker, Nuworza Kugbey, Bineyam Taye, Carlo La Vecchia, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, Benny Antony, Cheru Tesema Leshargie, Eduarda Fernandes, Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, Turki Alanzi, Amir Jalali, Chukwudi A Nnaji, Daniel Asmelash, Manu Raj Mathur, Jai K Das, Ana Isabel Ribeiro, Sachin R Atre, Tomislav Mestrovic, Rajeev Gupta, Smita Pakhale, Félix Carvalho, Yun Jin Kim, Quynh Anh P. Nguyen, Sameer Vali Gopalani, Chi Linh Hoang, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Manfred Accrombessi, Christopher J L Murray, Ninuk Hariyani, Ken Lee Chin, Jagadish Rao Padubidri, Mehdi Fazlzadeh, Mohammad Fareed, Mustafa Z. Younis, Navid Rabiee, Osayomwanbo Osarenotor, Brian J. Hall, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Daniel Diaz, Salman Rawaf, Tara Ballav Adhikari, Mayowa O. Owolabi, Sonia Lewycka, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Henok Biresaw Netsere, Hagos Degefa Hidru, Morteza Shamsizadeh, Shai Linn, Saad M.A. Dahlawi, Demelash Woldeyohannes Handiso, Jemal Abdu Mohammed, Thomas Pilgrim, Alessandra C. Goulart, Ravi Prakash Jha, Norberto Perico, Sergio I. Prada, Ted R. Miller, Rebecca Ivers, Habib Benzian, David C. Schwebel, Milena Ilic, Siddhesh Zadey, Davide Rasella, Hedayat Abbastabar, Aso Mohammad Darwesh, Kinley Wangdi, Ritesh G. Menezes, Jost B. Jonas, Dian Kusuma, Molly K. Miller-Petrie, Savita Lasrado, Goura Kishor Rath, Lalit Dandona, Farshad Farzadfar, Georgy Lebedev, Ahmed I. Hasaballah, Shaimaa I. El-Jaafary, Aniruddha Deshpande, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Joseph Adel Mattar Banoub, Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Praveen Hoogar, Fares Alahdab, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Anbissa Muleta Senbeta, Subramanian Senthilkumaran, Ambrish Singh, Fatemeh Rajati, Sonali Kochhar, Amir Khater, Ali Almasi, Juanita A. Haagsma, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Telma Zahirian Moghadam, Rajesh Sharma, Abel Fekadu Dadi, Sezer Kisa, Arash Etemadi, Zubair Kabir, Aslam Pervaiz, Muhammed Magdy Abd El Razek, Syed Ather Hussain, Mohsen Mazidi, Hamidreza Komaki, Reza Shirkoohi, Alex Yeshaneh, Faris Lami, Maha El Tantawi, Yunquan Zhang, Hamidreza Haririan, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Tissa Wijeratne, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Bahram Mohajer, Christiane Dolecek, Vinay Nangia, Gebremicheal Gebreslassie Kasahun, Usman Iqbal, Nataliya A. Foigt, Andrey Nikolaevich Briko, Workua Mekonnen Metekiya, Chuanhua Yu, Elizabeth A. Cromwell, Pascual R. Valdez, Jennifer Rickard, Masoud Moradi, Hailay Abrha Gesesew, Naser Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Getasew Taddesse Worku, Dinh-Toi Chu, Claudiu Herteliu, Dawit Zewdu Wondafrash, Gianna Gayle Herrera Amul, Mostafa Leili, Gebrehiwot G. Kassa, Soumyadeep Bhaumik, Ester Cerin, Bahram Armoon, Martin Amogre Ayanore, Shafiu Mohammed, Alexandria Brown, Charles Shey Wiysonge, Abbas Mosapour, Bach Xuan Tran, Lal B. Rawal, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Wondimeneh Shibabaw Shiferaw, Mohamed M. Gad, Eugenio Traini, Aisha Elsharkawy, David M. Pigott, Temesgen Yihunie Akalu, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, Reza Malekzadeh, Ahmad Daryani, Olatunde Aremu, Mohammad Reza Salahshoor, Merhawi Gebremedhin Tekle, Derrick A Bennett, Oladimeji M. Adebayo, Bogdan Oancea, Jagdish Khubchandani, Sandra B. Munro, Naohiro Yonemoto, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari, Marcela Agudelo-Botero, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Daniel Adane Endalew, Davide Guido, Alyssa N. Sbarra, Kerrie E. Doyle, Olalekan A. Uthman, Olatunji O. Adetokunboh, Zemichael Gizaw, Muhammad Usman, Farzaneh Ghazi Sherbaf, MohammadBagher Shamsi, Degena Bahrey Tadesse, Aziz Eftekhari, André Karch, Narinder Pal Singh, Carl Abelardo T. Antonio, Morteza Abdullatif Khafaie, Meysam Behzadifar, Amira Hamed Darwish, Soufiane Boufous, Mohammad Reza Sobhiyeh, Frank B. Osei, Adhena Ayaliew Werkneh, Zahid A Butt, Paulina A. Lindstedt, Gregory M. Garcia, Balbir Bagicha Singh, Daniel Bekele Ketema, Genet Melak Alamene, Andem Effiong, André Faro, Amit Arora, Mohammad Hossein Khosravi, Dhirendra N Sinha, Amir Kasaeian, Ali Kabir, Josephine W. Ngunjiri, Hosni Salem, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Akhil Soman ThekkePurakkal, Anwar Ahmed, Tanuj Kanchan, Mu'awiyyah Babale Sufiyan, Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, Daniel J. Weiss, Ziad El-Khatib, Jorge Cano, Javad Nazari, Ashish Pathak, Krishna Kumar Aryal, Nuruzzaman Khan, Roghayeh Mohammadibakhsh, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Serge Resnikoff, Dharmesh Kumar Lal, Habtamu Kebebe Kasaye, Harish Chander Gugnani, Ali S. Akanda, Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman, Muluken Bekele Sorrie, Vivekanand Jha, Abdu A. Adamu, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Mohsen Afarideh, Tiffany K. Gill, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Oliver J. Brady, Ebrahim Babaee, Takahiro Tabuchi, Alebachew Fasil, Anusha Ganapati Bhat, Marwa Rashad Salem, Till Winfried Bärnighausen, Sadaf G. Sepanlou, Paula Moraga, J. Car, Hoa Thi Do, Samad Azari, hawariat, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Michelle L. Bell, Mohamed I Hegazy, Mehedi Hasan, Mamusha Aman Hussen, Erkin M. Mirrakhimov, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Santi Martini, Vishnu Renjith, Haileab Fekadu Wolde, Chabila C Mapoma, Aubrey J. Levine, Solomon Gedlu Nigatu, Hamid Yimam Hassen, Anh Kim Dang, S. Mohammad Sajadi, Francisco Rogerlândio Martins-Melo, Shankar M Bakkannavar, Doris D. V. Ortega-Altamirano, Kala M. Mehta, Boris Bikbov, Assefa Desalew, Carsten Flohr, Yahya Safari, Michael R.M. Abrigo, Mohammad Moradi-Joo, Jan-Walter De Neve, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Julia Moreira Pescarini, Saeed Amini, Mehdi Ahmadi, Benjamin Uzochukwu, Anas M. Saad, Robert C. Reiner, Ammar Albujeer, Narayan Bahadur Mahotra, Nelson J. Alvis-Zakzuk, Teferi Mekonnen, Lauren E. Schaeffer, Irina Filip, Ali Yadollahpour, Ali Kiadaliri, Hamed Zandian, Fisaha Haile Tesfay, Seyed Mohammad Riahi, Nader Jahanmehr, Yuming Guo, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Paramjit Gill, Ketema Bizuwork Gebremedhin, Nicole Davis Weaver, Surendra Karki, Masoud Behzadifar, Vo Dinh Bay, Giang Hai Ha, Nizal Sarrafzadegan, In-Hwan Oh, Puja C Rao, Van Charles Lansingh, Kewal Krishan, Hany Aref, Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Shymaa Enany, Ayman Grada, Amador Goodridge, Salvatore Rubino, Zemenu Tadesse Tessema, Maheswar Satpathy, Amir Radfar, Aparna Lal, Isaac Akinkunmi Adedeji, Mehdi Naderi, Siavash Rahimi, Animut Alebel, Mohammad Rabiee, Diana Fernanda Bejarano Ramirez, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer Saraswathy, Sojib Bin Zaman, Alem Girmay, Ansariadi Ansariadi, Abdallah M. Samy, Mario Poljak, G Anil Kumar, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Andrew S. Azman, Ronny Westerman, Thomas R. Hird, Themba G. Ginindza, Babak Moazen, Feleke Gebremeskel W, Meghdad Pirsaheb, Shally Awasthi, Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan, Roman Topor-Madry, Phetole Walter Mahasha, Kamarul Imran Musa, Hebat Allah Salah A. Yousof, Afsaneh Arzani, Yousef Veisani, Farshad Pourmalek, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja, Ayesha Humayun, Michael Tamene Haile, Kiomars Sharafi, Wasiq Faraz Rawasia, Zoubida Zaidi, Getachew Mullu Kassa, Tsegaye Lolaso Lenjebo, Maryam Khayamzadeh, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Mohammad Zamani, Takeshi Fukumoto, Masoud Foroutan, Noore Alam, Simin Mouodi, Miliva Mozaffor, Khanh Bao Tran, Farnam Mohebi, Sanjay Basu, Robert L. Thompson, Behzad Heibati, Santosh Varughese, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Neeraj Bedi, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Oluchi Ezekannagha, Gabriel Martinez, Getinet Ayano, Farah Daoud, Konrad Pesudovs, Julio Cesar Campuzano Rincon, Tukur Dahiru, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Andualem Henok, Mina Anjomshoa, Rovshan Khalilov, Ai Koyanagi, Raaj Kishore Biswas, Navid Manafi, Yousef Mohammad, Keivan Ahmadi, Seyyed Shamsadin Athari, Binaya Chalise, Masood Ali Shaikh, Joan B. Soriano, Victor Adekanmbi, Seid Tiku Mereta, Delia Hendrie, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Gebrekiros Gebremichael Meles, Si Si, Manasi Kumar, Netsanet Fentahun, Amira Shaheen, Seyyede Masoume Athari, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Ben Lacey, Peter Njenga Keiyoro, Yared Asmare Aynalem, Entezar Mehrabi Nasab, K M Shivakumar, Tewodros Eshete Wonde, Dessalegn Ajema Berbada, Yahya Salimi, Adnan Kisa, Hisham Atan Edinur, Benn Sartorius, Kate E. LeGrand, Azadeh Shafieesabet, Richard C. Franklin, Dara K. Mohammad, Naznin Hossain, Mona M. Khater, Reta Tsegaye Gayesa, Natalie Maria Cormier, Ghulam Mustafa, Ehsan Sadeghi, Nikolay Ivanovich Briko, Robert S. Bernstein, Samiah Alam, Duduzile Ndwandwe, Andrew T Olagunju, Obinna Onwujekwe, B. Suresh Kumar Shetty, Behnam Heidari, Arianna Maever L. Amit, John S. Ji, Pushpendra Kumar, Sangram Kishor Patel, Vera Marisa Costa, Yafeng Wang, Irfan Ullah, Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam, Virendra Singh, Tufa Kolola, Mehdi Yaseri, Abdullah Al Mamun, Hilton Y. Lam, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Samath D Dharmaratne, Hajer Elkout, Yoshan Moodley, Linda Morales, Adrian Pana, Nauman Khalid, Hassen Mohammed, Fakher Rahim, Emma Elizabeth Spurlock, Mika Shigematsu, Bryan L. Sykes, Isaac Oluwafemi Dipeolu, Platon D. Lopukhov, Marzieh Nojomi, Khalid A Altirkawi, Dessalegn Haile, Mohsen Bayati, Senthilkumar Balakrishnan, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, Yasir Waheed, Ernoiz Antriyandarti, Tomohide Yamada, Alireza Rafiei, Bruno Ramos Nascimento, Ian Pollock, Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan, Kebede Embaye Gezae, Anton Sokhan, Mehran Shams-Beyranvand, Junaid Khan, Jacqueline Elizabeth Alcalde-Rabanal, Enrico Rubagotti, Mehran Alijanzadeh, Gillian I. Hollerich, Ismael R. Campos-Nonato, Eleonora Dubljanin, Itamar S. Santos, Wubalem Fekadu, Ole Frithjof Norheim, Florian Fischer, Kedir Hussein Abegaz, Nihal Thomas, Alaa Badawi, Amir Hasanzadeh, Nasir Salam, Muhammad Ali, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Marcel Ausloos, Ensiyeh Jenabi, Bruno Piassi Sao Jose, Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez, Jae Il Shin, Jacob Olusegun Olusanya, Mohammad Hasan Imani-Nasab, Rajesh Sagar, Ahmed Abdelalim, Benjamin K. Mayala, Fatemeh Heydarpour, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Shiwei Liu, Soraya Siabani, Jonathan F. Mosser, Veincent Christian Filipino Pepito, Andre Rodrigues Duraes, Valery L. Feigin, Yuan-Pang Wang, Mathew M. Baumann, Saravanan Muthupandian, Ingan Ukur Tarigan, Jasvinder A. Singh, Sebastian Vollmer, Felix Akpojene Ogbo, Alan J Thomson, Agus Sudaryanto, Birhanu Geta Meharie, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Ahsan Saleem, Ali S. Shalash, Rakhi Dandona, Mojtaba Bagherzadeh, Ahmed Abualhasan, Muhammad Shahdaat Bin Sayeed, Meghnath Dhimal, Yves Miel H Zuniga, Akram Pourshams, Ionut Negoi, Yilma Chisha Dea Geramo, Franz Castro, Nefsu Awoke, Vahid Alipour, Rosario Cárdenas, Mohammad Khazaei, Mitchell T. Wallin, Yonatal Mesfin Tefera, Sanjay Zodpey, Bolajoko O. Olusanya, Ziad A. Memish, Taddese Alemu Zerfu, Claudio Alberto Dávila-Cervantes, Samer Hamidi, Gbenga A. Kayode, Peter Memiah, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Francesco Saverio Violante, Bartosz Miazgowski, Babak Eshrati, Moses K. Muriithi, Mihiretu Kebede, Mowafa Househ, Monika Sawhney, Preeti Dhillon, Desta Haftu Hayelom, Ajay Patle, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Jaifred Christian F. Lopez, Barthelemy Kuate Defo, Arash Ziapour, Paul H. Lee, Emerito Jose A. Faraon, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Hagos Tasew Atalay, Tariq Jamal Siddiqi, Rafael Alves Guimarães, Aziz Sheikh, Adauto Martins Soares Filho, Eun-Kee Park, Kirsten E. Wiens, Hai Quang Pham, Berhe Etsay Tesfay, G. K. Mini, Zewdie Aderaw Alemu, Hedley Quintana, Milena Santric-Milicevic, Rajat Das Gupta, Parvaiz A Koul, Edson Serván-Mori, Foad Abd-Allah, Rahul Gupta, Dereje Bayissa Demissie, Chinwe Juliana Iwu, Gabrielle B. Britton, Colm McAlinden, Ayenew Negesse Abejie, Mohsen Naghavi, Maarten J. Postma, Chhabi Lal Ranabhat, Liliana Preotescu, Walter Mendoza, Manfred S. Green, Mahesh P A, Somayeh Bohlouli, Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, Khaled Khatab, Ziyad Al-Aly, Ali H. Mokdad, Aditya P Dash, Andre M. N. Renzaho, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Ghobad Moradi, Ruth W Kimokoti, Jalal Arabloo, Kimberly B. Johnson, Seyyed Meysam Mousavi, Hesham M. Al-Mekhlafi, D. R. Mahadeshwara Prasad, Rufus A. Adedoyin, Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi, Govinda Prasad Dhungana, Engida Yisma, Azeem Majeed, Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum, Hagazi Gebre Meles, Hala Elhabashy, Devasahayam J. Christopher, Malede Mequanent Sisay, Juan Sanabria, Gebre Teklemariam Demoz, Leonardo Roever, Shishay Wahdey Tekelemedhin, Guoqing Hu, Yousef Khader, Heather J. Zar, Hamideh Salimzadeh, Ali Bijani, Mehdi Sayyah, Shanshan Li, Kebreab Paulos, Tefera Chane Mekonnen, Mahya Beheshti, Siamak Sabour, Izza Shahid, Tuomo J. Meretoja, Ireneous N. Soyiri, Luca Ronfani, James Albright, Brijesh Sathian, Maciej Banach, Hasan Yusefzadeh, Rahman Shiri, Girmay Teklay Weldesamuel, Mekdes Tigistu Yilma, Taweewat Wiangkham, Soewarta Kosen, Fernando de la Hoz, Mohammed Shannawaz, Luis Camera, Nevine El Nahas, Paul S. F. Yip, Miguel A Barboza, Ibrahim Abdollahpour, Augustine Mwangi Gatotoh, Gurudatta Naik, Kebede Deribe, Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Value, Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, IRAS OH Epidemiology Chemical Agents, Local Burden of Disease WaSH Collaborator, Violante FS, Public Health, Department of Earth Observation Science, UT-I-ITC-ACQUAL, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, GeoHealth, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Clinicum, University of Helsinki, Department of Oncology, Yisma, Engida, and Local Burden of Disease WaSH Collaborators more...
Subjects: Drinking water access, Sanitation, Universal design, Geographic Mapping, Socioeconomic Factor, DISEASE, 0302 clinical medicine, RA0421, Hygiene, 11. Sustainability, Global health, 030212 general & internal medicine, media_common, 2. Zero hunger, Public health, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, 1. No poverty, General Medicine, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, 6. Clean water, Low-income countries, 3. Good health, A990 Medicine and Dentistry not elsewhere classified, CHILD GROWTH, TERRITORIES, HYGIENE, Human, 0605 Microbiology, Diarrhea, AFRICA, medicine.medical_specialty, media_common.quotation_subject, 030231 tropical medicine, Local Burden of Disease WaSH Collaborators, Developing country, Article, Geographical inequalities, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, 12. Responsible consumption, Developing Countrie, 03 medical and health sciences, NUTRITIONAL INTERVENTIONS, Environmental health, medicine, SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS, Humans, QUALITY, Sanitation/statistics & numerical data, Open defecation, Improved sanitation, hand washing, Developing Countries, Models, Statistical, Middle-income countries, Drinking Water, lcsh:RA1-1270, Bayes Theorem, GLOBAL BURDEN, diarrheal disease, DIARRHEA, Diarrhea/epidemiology, Local Burden of Disease WaSH Collaborator, Socioeconomic Factors, 0605 Microbiology, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE, Business, Human medicine, Sanitation facilities, ITC-GOLD
Abstract: Background: Universal access to safe drinking water and sanitation facilities is an essential human right, recognised in the Sustainable Development Goals as crucial for preventing disease and improving human wellbeing. Comprehensive, high-resolution estimates are important to inform progress towards achieving this goal. We aimed to produce highresolution geospatial estimates of access to drinking water and sanitation facilities. Methods: We used a Bayesian geostatistical model and data from 600 sources across more than 88 low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) to estimate access to drinking water and sanitation facilities on continuous continent-wide surfaces from 2000 to 2017, and aggregated results to policy-relevant administrative units. We estimated mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive subcategories of facilities for drinking water (piped water on or off premises, other improved facilities, unimproved, and surface water) and sanitation facilities (septic or sewer sanitation, other improved, unimproved, and open defecation) with use of ordinal regression. We also estimated the number of diarrhoeal deaths in children younger than 5 years attributed to unsafe facilities and estimated deaths that were averted by increased access to safe facilities in 2017, and analysed geographical inequality in access within LMICs. Findings: Across LMICs, access to both piped water and improved water overall increased between 2000 and 2017, with progress varying spatially. For piped water, the safest water facility type, access increased from 40·0% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 39·4–40·7) to 50·3% (50·0–50·5), but was lowest in sub-Saharan Africa, where access to piped water was mostly concentrated in urban centres. Access to both sewer or septic sanitation and improved sanitation overall also increased across all LMICs during the study period. For sewer or septic sanitation, access was 46·3% (95% UI 46·1–46·5) in 2017, compared with 28·7% (28·5–29·0) in 2000. Although some units improved access to the safest drinking water or sanitation facilities since 2000, a large absolute number of people continued to not have access in several units with high access to such facilities (>80%) in 2017. More than 253 000 people did not have access to sewer or septic sanitation facilities in the city of Harare, Zimbabwe, despite 88·6% (95% UI 87·2–89·7) access overall. Many units were able to transition from the least safe facilities in 2000 to safe facilities by 2017; for units in which populations primarily practised open defecation in 2000, 686 (95% UI 664–711) of the 1830 (1797–1863) units transitioned to the use of improved sanitation. Geographical disparities in access to improved water across units decreased in 76·1% (95% UI 71·6–80·7) of countries from 2000 to 2017, and in 53·9% (50·6–59·6) of countries for access to improved sanitation, but remained evident subnationally in most countries in 2017. Interpretation: Our estimates, combined with geospatial trends in diarrhoeal burden, identify where efforts to increase access to safe drinking water and sanitation facilities are most needed. By highlighting areas with successful approaches or in need of targeted interventions, our estimates can enable precision public health to effectively progress towards universal access to safe water and sanitation. This work was primarily supported by a grant from the Gates Foundation (OPP1132415). LGA has received support from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Finance Code 001), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais. OOA acknowledges the Department of Science and Innovation, National Research Foundation, and DSI/NRF Centre of Excellence for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis, Stellenbosch, South Africa. SMAl acknowledges the Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Public Health, Kuwait University and International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia for the approval and support to participate in this research project. HTA acknowledges Aksum University. MAu and CH are partly supported by a grant from the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, CNDS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCCF-2016-0084. AAz acknowledges funding from the Gates Foundation (OPP1171700). ABad is supported by the Public Health Agency of Canada. TWB was supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the Alexander von Humboldt Professor award, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research; the EU; the Wellcome Trust; and from National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of National Institutes of Health (NIH; R01-HD084233), National Institute on Aging of NIH (P01AG041710), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of NIH (R01-AI124389 and R01-AI112339), as well as Fogarty International Center of NIH (D43-TW009775). DABen was supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Health Service, the NIHR, or the UK Department of Health and Social Care. GBB is supported by Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI) de la Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENACYT) of Panamá. FCar acknowledges UID/ MULTI/04378/2019 and UID/QUI/50006/2019 support with funding from FCT/Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior through national funds. VMC acknowledges her grant (SFRH/BHD/110001/2015), received by Portuguese national funds through Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), IP, under the Norma Transitória DL57/2016/CP1334/CT0006. JDN acknowledges support from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. DBD acknowledges support from the Gates Foundation. KD is supported by a Wellcome Trust grant (number 201900/Z/16/Z) as part of his International Intermediate Fellowship. AGo acknowledges Sistema Nacional de Investigadores de Panamá (SNI), Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENACYT). CH is partly supported by a grant co-funded by European Fund for Regional Development through the Operational Program for Competitiveness (project ID P_40_382). SMSI is funded by a Fellowship from National Heart Foundation of Australia and Deakin University. MJ and the Serbian part of this GBD contribution was co-funded through grant OI175014 of the Ministry of Education Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia. JK is a recipient of the 2020 Benjamin V Cohen Peace Fellowship from Ball State University Center for Peace and Conflict Studies. YJK’s work was supported by the Research Management Centre, Xiamen University Malaysia, grants number XMUMRF/2018-C2/ ITCM/0001. KKr is supported by a DST PURSE grant and UGC Center of Advanced Study awarded to the Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. BL acknowledges support from the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and the British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford. PTNM acknowledges the Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa. ANA acknowledges Debre Markos University for its support in-terms of office and internet access while reviewing this paper. AMSam received a fellowship from the Egyptian Fulbright Mission programme. MMS-M acknowledges the support of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (contract number 175087). AShi acknowledges the support of Health Data Research UK. MRS acknowledges the Clinical Research Development Center of Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah university of Medical sciences for their wise advice. JBS is part of Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. RT-S was supported in part by grant PI17/00719 from Instituto de Salud Carlos III–FEDER. BU acknowledges Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal. TWij acknowledges the Migraine Foundation Australia and the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rajarata, Saliyapura, Anuradhapuraya, Sri Lanka. CSW was supported by the South African Medical Research Council. SBZ received a scholarship from the Australian Government research training program in support of his academic career. more...
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

24. Uso de telessaúde por alunos de graduação em Fonoaudiologia: possibilidades e perspectivas em tempos de pandemia por COVID-19

Author: Leticia Segeren, Fernanda Prada Machado, Ana Paula Ramos de Souza, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Cibelle Albuquerque de la Higuera Amato, Fernanda Dreux Miranda Fernandes, Ana Cristina de Albuquerque Montenegro, Simone Aparecida Lopes-Herrera, Daniela Regina Molini-Avejonas, Ana Carina Tamanaha, and Jacy Perissinoto more...
Subjects: 2019-20 coronavirus outbreak, biology, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), business.industry, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), P1-1091, biology.organism_classification, Virology, Language and Linguistics, Speech and Hearing, Otorhinolaryngology, RF1-547, Medicine, business, Philology. Linguistics, Betacoronavirus, Speech-language therapy
Abstract: A pandemia da COVID-19 trouxe desafios e necessidade de adaptação em diversas frentes. A atualização das formas de trabalho é necessária e promover ensino e atendimento no setor saúde condizentes com o século XXI é fundamental. Não estamos apenas tratando da formação de graduandos na área de Fonoaudiologia, mas do atendimento clínico a uma parcela significativa da população que depende dos serviços de clínicas-escola vinculadas às universidades e centros de formação em nossa profissão.Neste texto traremos algumas reflexões sobre a relevância do uso das tecnologias de telessaúde para a formação de fonoaudiólogos, considerando a articulação entre as diretrizes curriculares nacionais, a formação profissional e aspectos éticos. more...
Published: 2020

25. Use of telehealth by undergraduate students in Speech Therapy: possibilities and perspectives during COVID-19 pandemic

Author: Fernanda Dreux Miranda, Fernandes, Simone Aparecida, Lopes-Herrera, Jacy, Perissinoto, Daniela Regina, Molini-Avejonas, Cibelle Albuquerque de la, Higuera Amato, Ana Carina, Tamanaha, Ana Paula Ramos de, Souza, Ana Cristina de Albuquerque, Montenegro, Fernanda Prada, Machado, Leticia, Segeren, and Bárbara Niegia Garcia de, Goulart more...
Subjects: Betacoronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, Pneumonia, Viral, COVID-19, Humans, Speech Therapy, Coronavirus Infections, Students, Pandemics, Telemedicine
Published: 2020

26. Mapping geographical inequalities in childhood diarrhoeal morbidity and mortality in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000-17: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Author: Manisha Dubey, Fatemeh Rajati, Mehran Shams-Beyranvand, Amir Khater, Reza Shirkoohi, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, David C. Schwebel, Milena Ilic, Kebede Embaye Gezae, Ali Akbar Fazaeli, Ronny Westerman, Taye Abuhay Zewale, Ravi Mehrotra, Sezer Kisa, Junaid Khan, Jost B. Jonas, Dian Kusuma, Marcel Ausloos, Getnet Gedefaw, Hamed Zandian, Edward J Mills, Aparna Lal, Atalay Goshu Muluneh, Leeberk Raja Inbaraj, Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez, Jacqueline Elizabeth Alcalde Rabanal, Yousef Veisani, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja, Christopher Troeger, Ismael R. Campos-Nonato, Kidane Tadesse Gebremariam, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Oliver J. Brady, David Laith Rawaf, Tamer H. Farag, Simin Mouodi, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Saleh Salehi Zahabi, Soumyadeep Bhaumik, Samad Azari, Getinet Ayano, Faris Lami, Raaj Kishore Biswas, Maryam Adabi, Alaa Badawi, Saravanan Muthupandian, Amir Hasanzadeh, Martin Amogre Ayanore, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, Bineyam Taye, Nader Jafari Balalami, Hamid Yimam Hassen, Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad, Paul H. Lee, Emerito Jose A. Faraon, Kewal Krishan, Muhammad Ali, Ehsan Sadeghi, Richard C. Franklin, Dara K. Mohammad, Naznin Hossain, Lal B. Rawal, Alyssa N. Sbarra, Behnam Heidari, Dietrich Rothenbacher, Hagos Tasew Atalay, Eric L. Ding, Noushin Mohammadifard, Nihal Thomas, Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Sanghamitra Pati, Addisu Melese, Niranjan Kissoon, Farzad Manafi, Carl Abelardo T. Antonio, Morteza Abdullatif Khafaie, Meysam Behzadifar, Mohammad Reza Sobhiyeh, Frank B. Osei, Koku Sisay Tamirat, Yahya Salimi, Pranab Chatterjee, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn Gebremeskel, Olatunji O. Adetokunboh, Benjamin K. Mayala, Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, Zahid A Butt, Olufemi Ajumobi, Fiseha Wadilo Wada, Shafiu Mohammed, Charles Shey Shey Wiysonge, Félix Carvalho, Masresha Tessema Anegago, Yun Jin Kim, Ai-Min Wu, Ketema Bizuwork Gebremedhin, Paulina A. Lindstedt, Ana-Laura Manda, Aziz Eftekhari, Rakhi Dandona, Mehdi Fazlzadeh, Nicole Davis Weaver, Muluken Bekele Sorrie, Marwa Rashad Salem, Kassawmar Angaw Bogale, Dongyu Zhang, Saeed Safari, Vivekanand Jha, Keivan Ahmadi, Turki Alanzi, Amir Jalali, Hamidreza Haririan, Chukwudi A Nnaji, Kebadnew Mulatu Mihretie, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Gessessew Bugssa Hailu, Surendra Karki, Kirsten E. Wiens, Boikhutso Tlou, Soraya Siabani, Muluken Azage Yenesew, Asnakew Achaw Ayele, Ayalew Jejaw Zeleke, Osayomwanbo Osarenotor, Susanna Dunachie, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Daniel Bekele Ketema, Tissa Wijeratne, Dessalegn Ajema Berbada, André Karch, Ebrahim Babaee, Akram Pourshams, Seyyed Meysam Mousavi, Bal Govind Chauhan, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Vera Marisa Costa, Mehdi Yaseri, Tahereh Pashaei, Benn Sartorius, Helen Derara Diro, Anelisa Jaca, Mostafa Hosseini, Nikolay Ivanovich Briko, Franz Castro, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Chalachew Genet Akal, Natalie Maria Cormier, Ghulam Mustafa, Sonia Lewycka, Achala Upendra Jayatilleke, David L. Smith, Ibrahim A Khalil, Genet Melak Alamene, George C Patton, Andem Effiong, Gebrekiros Gebremichael Meles, Collins Chansa, Tsegaye Lolaso Lenjebo, Van C. Lansingh, Chabila C Mapoma, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Aso Mohammad Darwesh, Aubrey J. Levine, Miliva Mozaffor, Till Bärnighausen, Ali Rostami, André Faro, Rushdia Ahmed, Colm McAlinden, Duduzile Ndwandwe, Neeraj Bedi, Irfan Ullah, Winfried März, Rajeev Gupta, Masood Ali Shaikh, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Ali Kazemi Karyani, Shaimaa I. El-Jaafary, Abbas Mosapour, Javad Nazari, Obinna Onwujekwe, Narinder Pal Singh, Dabere Nigatu, Tanuj Kanchan, Jagdish Khubchandani, Aklilu Endalamfaw, Hajer Elkout, Michelle L. Bell, Beyene Meressa Adhena, Evanson Z. Sambala, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Nefsu Awoke, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, Muki Shey, Christiane Dolecek, Kedir Hussein Abegaz, Syed Ather Hussain, Birhan Tamene Alemnew, Arash Etemadi, Anwar E. Ahmed, Vinay Nangia, Sachin R Atre, Roghiyeh Faridnia, Robert C. Reiner, Rajat Das Gupta, Aniruddha Deshpande, Sanjay Zodpey, Birhanu Geta, Amaha Kahsay, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Kiana Ramezanzadeh, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Chi Linh Hoang, Bahram Armoon, Manfred Accrombessi, Christopher J L Murray, Ebrahim M Yimer, Rashmi Gupta, Ahmed Omar Bali, Dadi Marami, Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi, Getnet Mengistu, Govinda Prasad Dhungana, Fereshteh Ansari, Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum, Mu'awiyyah Babale Sufiyan, Harish Chander Gugnani, Ali S. Akanda, Satar Rezaei, Wondimeneh Shibabaw Shiferaw, Irina Filip, Mohammad Fareed, Hagos Degefa Hidru, Morteza Shamsizadeh, Mojtaba Hoseini-Ghahfarokhi, Yared A Asmare Aynalem, Gelin Xu, Zubair Kabir, Khalid A Altirkawi, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Kenean Getaneh Tlaye, Devasahayam J. Christopher, Malede Mequanent Sisay, Yibeltal Alemu Bekele, Mika Shigematsu, Bryan L. Sykes, Quique Bassat, Jemal Abdu Mohammed, Seyed Mostafa Mir, Moslem Soofi, Nuruzzaman Khan, Ensiyeh Jenabi, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Alireza Esteghamati, Paramjit Gill, Nathaniel J Henry, Meghnath Dhimal, Hosein Shabaninejad, Trang Huyen Nguyen, Amjad Mohamadi-Bolbanabad, Eugenio Traini, Mohammad Zamani, Arianna Maever L. Amit, Mehran Alijanzadeh, Florian Fischer, Rafael Moreira Claro, Pushpendra Kumar, Shai Linn, Lucas Earl, Haileab Fekadu Wolde, Getenet Dessie, Doris D. V. Ortega-Altamirano, John S. Ji, Moritz U. G. Kraemer, Saeed Amini, Ziad A. Memish, Aisha Elsharkawy, Ken Lee Chin, Mustafa Z. Younis, Daniel Diaz, Hebat Allah Salah A. Yousof, Seifadin Ahmed Shallo, Tomohide Yamada, Adrian Pana, Salman Rawaf, Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Platon D. Lopukhov, Alireza Rafiei, Dragos Virgil Davitoiu, Hossein Poustchi, Ayele Geleto Bali, Francesco Saverio Violante, Leonardo Roever, Giovanni Damiani, Maha El Tantawi, Nuworza Kugbey, Hadi Pourjafar, Michael R.M. Abrigo, Dinh-Toi Chu, Farkhonde Salehi, Phetole Walter Mahasha, Farnam Mohebi, Sathish Thirunavukkarasu, Dharmesh Kumar Lal, Senbagam Duraisamy, Demelash Woldeyohannes Handiso, Eleonora Dubljanin, Takeshi Fukumoto, Biruck Desalegn Yirsaw, Fakher Rahim, Jasvinder A. Singh, Jai K Das, Savita Lasrado, Ana Isabel Ribeiro, Santosh Varughese, Adnan Kisa, Laurie B. Marczak, Amira Shaheen, Peter Njenga Keiyoro, Nader Jahanmehr, Yuming Guo, Arash Ziapour, Alex Yeshaneh, Ninuk Hariyani, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Sameer Vali Gopalani, Joel M. Francis, Asmamaw Demis, Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan, Praveen Hoogar, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Yunquan Zhang, Yousef Mohammad, Iman El Sayed, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Anbissa Muleta Senbeta, Subramanian Senthilkumaran, Marzieh Nojomi, Tewodros Eshete Wonde, Sameh Magdeldin, Anton Sokhan, Nauman Khalid, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Ben Lacey, Luca Ronfani, James Albright, Senthilkumar Balakrishnan, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Khanh Bao Tran, Guoqing Hu, Yousef Khader, Parvaneh Mirabi, Boris Bikbov, Feleke Mekonnen Demeke, Assefa Desalew, Yasir Waheed, Berhe Etsay Tesfay, Julio Cesar Campuzano Rincon, Ernoiz Antriyandarti, Brian J. Hall, James A Platts-Mills, Gbenga A. Kayode, Jan-Walter De Neve, Maria Jesus Rios-Blancas, Navid Manafi, Ravi Prakash Jha, Yilma Chisha Dea Geramo, Hamideh Salimzadeh, Fisaha Haile Tesfay, Abdullah Al Mamun, Ali Bijani, Hedley Quintana, Shanshan Li, Kebreab Paulos, Joan B. Soriano, Victor Adekanmbi, Oladimeji Adebayo, David Teye Doku, Brijesh Sathian, Bakhtiar Piroozi, MohammadBagher Shamsi, Netsanet Fentahun, Shymaa Enany, Ayman Grada, Salvatore Rubino, Kenji Shibuya, Norberto Perico, Sergio I. Prada, Andrea Farioli, Gebremicheal Gebreslassie Kasahun, Mohsen Afarideh, Maciej Banach, Andrey Nikolaevich Briko, Mohsen Asadi-Lari, Rakesh Lodha, David M. Pigott, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Hadi Hassankhani, Daniel Adane Endalew, Siamak Sabour, Yoshan Moodley, Preeti Dhillon, Dilaram Acharya, Anas M. Saad, Ibrahim Abdelmageed Ginawi, Theo Vos, Tuomo J. Meretoja, Ireneous N. Soyiri, Hasan Yusefzadeh, Mohammad Rabiee, Ajay Patle, Rahman Shiri, Girmay Teklay Weldesamuel, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer Saraswathy, Mekdes Tigistu Yilma, Davide Guido, Chuanhua Yu, Abdallah M. Samy, Ali Talha Khalil, Ashish Awasthi, Pascual R. Valdez, Nelson G.M. Gomes, Nejimu Biza Zepro, Taweewat Wiangkham, Anthony Masaka, Afsaneh Arzani, Ayesha Humayun, Michael Tamene Haile, Huyen Phuc Do, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Maryam Khayamzadeh, Seth Christopher Yaw Appiah, Mehdi Ahmadi, Farah Daoud, QuynhAnh P Nguyen, Suleman Atique, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Indang Trihandini, Mario Poljak, Bartosz Miazgowski, Huda Basaleem, Rafael Alves Guimares, Mina Anjomshoa, Peng Jia, Yafeng Wang, Erkin M. Mirrakhimov, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Itamar S. Santos, Alireza Khatony, Desalegn Tadese Mengistu, Samath D Dharmaratne, S. Mohammad Sajadi, Francisco Rogerlândio Martins-Melo, Shankar M Bakkannavar, Konrad Pesudovs, Tina Beyranvand, Liliana Preotescu, Leticia Avila-Burgos, Enrico Rubagotti, Amira Hamed Darwish, Mahdi Safdarian, Ali Yadollahpour, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Moses K. Muriithi, Azmeraw T. Amare, Si Si, Joshua Longbottom, Somayeh Bohlouli, Khaled Khatab, Masoud Behzadifar, Anusha Ganapati Bhat, G Anil Kumar, Margaret Kosek, Mona M. Khater, Reta Tsegaye Gayesa, Ghobad Moradi, Srinivas Goli, Ruth W Kimokoti, Jalal Arabloo, Kimberly B. Johnson, Andrew T Olagunju, Mowafa Househ, In-Hwan Oh, Arya Haj-Mirzaian, Desta Haftu Hayelom, Jae Il Shin, Ahmed Abdelalim, Catherine A. Welgan, Veincent Christian Filipino Pepito, Andre Rodrigues Duraes, Yuan-Pang Wang, Rosario Cárdenas, Mohammad Khazaei, Sebastian Vollmer, Xiu-Ju Zhao, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Degu Abate, Ali S. Shalash, Davide Rasella, Melese Abate Reta, Hedayat Abbastabar, Manu Raj Mathur, Aliasghar Ahmad Kiadaliri, Ritesh G. Menezes, Molly K. Miller-Petrie, Beriwan Abdulqadir Ali, Ahmed I. Hasaballah, Joseph Frostad, Eirini Skiadaresi, Aleksandra Barac, Simon I. Hay, Deborah Carvalho Malta, Brigette F. Blacker, Carlo La Vecchia, Eduarda Fernandes, Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, Zewdie Aderaw Alemu, Foad Abd-Allah, Elias Merdassa Roro, Agus Sudaryanto, Fariba Ghassemi, Behzad Karami Matin, Mohsen Naghavi, Maarten J. Postma, Chhabi Lal Ranabhat, Maheswar Satpathy, Mahesh P A, Carlos Miguel Rios González, Pallab K. Maulik, Amir Kasaeian, Ali H. Mokdad, Alemayehu Toma Mena, Tamirat Tesfaye Dasa, Abdur Razzaque Sarker, Andre M. N. Renzaho, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Ali Kabir, Josephine W. Ngunjiri, Aberash Abay Tassew, Kala M. Mehta, Ionut Negoi, Hosni Salem, Hesham M. Al-Mekhlafi, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Rufus A. Adedoyin, Saleem M Rana, Engida Yisma, Sahel Valadan Tahbaz, Hossein Farzam, Krishna K. Aryal, Lalit Dandona, Masoud Moradi, Juan Sanabria, Gebre Teklemariam Demoz, Naser Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Shirin Djalalinia, Suraj Bhattarai, Ammas Siraj Mohammed, Claudiu Herteliu, Dawit Zewdu Wondafrash, Mohsen Bayati, Arvin Haj-Mirzaian, Gulfaraz Khan, Mostafa Leili, Nasir Salam, Ehsan Khodamoradi, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Vahid Alipour, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Rajesh Sagar, Jagadish Rao Padubidri, Manasi Kumar, Mehdi Sharif, Fatemeh Heydarpour, Navid Rabiee, Gvs Murthy, Hamed Kalani, Mayowa O. Owolabi, Claudio Alberto Davila, Oluchi Okpala, Shivakumar K.M. Kondlahalli, Mathew M. Baumann, Bereket Duko Adema, Lorenzo Monasta, Paul S. F. Yip, Mohammad Hossein Khosravi, Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Ibrahim Abdollahpour, Dhirendra N Sinha, Farid Najafi, Kebede Deribe, Paula Moraga, Mehedi Hasan, Mohammad Moradi-Joo, Melkamu Merid Mengesha, Temesgen Yihunie Akalu, Vishnu Renjith, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, Zemenu Tadesse Tessema, Amir Radfar, Nuno Taveira, Masoud Foroutan, Demelash Abewa Elemineh, Chinwe Juliana Iwu, Kamarul Imran Musa, Getaneh Alemu Abebe, Farshad Pourmalek, Olatunde Aremu, Mohammad Reza Salahshoor, Derrick A Bennett, Ahmad Daryani, Alebachew Fasil Ashagre, Apurba Shil, Narayan Bahadur Mahotra, Nelson J. Alvis-Zakzuk, Lauren E. Schaeffer, Alexandre C. Pereira, Mehdi Naderi, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Rovshan Khalilov, Ai Koyanagi, Salman Khazaei, Jennifer Rickard, Ali Almasi, Sandra B. Munro, Carlos Zambrana-Torrelio, Naohiro Yonemoto, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Value, Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto, Local Burden Dis Diarrhoea, Department of Earth Observation Science, UT-I-ITC-ACQUAL, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, GeoHealth, Reiner, Robert C, Wiens, Kirsten E, Deshpande, Aniruddha, Baumann, Mathew M, Adema, Bereket Duko, Yirsaw, Biruck Desalegn, Yisma, Engida, Hay, Simon I, Local Burden of Disease Diarrhoea Collaborators, Tampere University, Health Sciences, University of Helsinki, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Clinicum, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Local Burden of Disease Diarrhoea Collaborator, and Violante FS more...
Subjects: Low income countries, medicine.medical_treatment, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Global Health, THERAPY, Global Burden of Disease, 0302 clinical medicine, Prevalence, Global health, Medicine, WATER, 030212 general & internal medicine, Children, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, Incidence, Mortality rate, Incidence (epidemiology), 1. No poverty, General Medicine, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, Diarrhoea, 3. Good health, Child, Preschool, Middle income countries, A990 Medicine and Dentistry not elsewhere classified, TERRITORIES, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Infants, Diarrhea, AFRICA, medicine.medical_specialty, Childhood deaths, RJ, sanitation, Developing country, Childhood diarrhoeal morbidity, ITC-HYBRID, 03 medical and health sciences, Medicine, General & Internal, General & Internal Medicine, Environmental health, SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS, Life Science, Humans, Healthcare Disparities, Oral rehydration therapy, Risk factor, hand washing, Developing Countries, Disease burden, Global Nutrition, Wereldvoeding, Science & Technology, SEX-SPECIFIC MORTALITY, business.industry, CHOLERA, Public health, Bayes Theorem, diarrheal disease, Local Burden of Disease Diarrhoea Collaborators, ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE, NA, Human medicine, Diarrea, business
Abstract: Background: Across low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), one in ten deaths in children younger than 5 years is attributable to diarrhoea. The substantial between-country variation in both diarrhoea incidence and mortality is attributable to interventions that protect children, prevent infection, and treat disease. Identifying subnational regions with the highest burden and mapping associated risk factors can aid in reducing preventable childhood diarrhoea. Methods: We used Bayesian model-based geostatistics and a geolocated dataset comprising 15 072 746 children younger than 5 years from 466 surveys in 94 LMICs, in combination with findings of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017, to estimate posterior distributions of diarrhoea prevalence, incidence, and mortality from 2000 to 2017. From these data, we estimated the burden of diarrhoea at varying subnational levels (termed units) by spatially aggregating draws, and we investigated the drivers of subnational patterns by creating aggregated risk factor estimates. Findings: The greatest declines in diarrhoeal mortality were seen in south and southeast Asia and South America, where 54·0% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 38·1-65·8), 17·4% (7·7-28·4), and 59·5% (34·2-86·9) of units, respectively, recorded decreases in deaths from diarrhoea greater than 10%. Although children in much of Africa remain at high risk of death due to diarrhoea, regions with the most deaths were outside Africa, with the highest mortality units located in Pakistan. Indonesia showed the greatest within-country geographical inequality; some regions had mortality rates nearly four times the average country rate. Reductions in mortality were correlated to improvements in water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) or reductions in child growth failure (CGF). Similarly, most high-risk areas had poor WASH, high CGF, or low oral rehydration therapy coverage. Interpretation: By co-analysing geospatial trends in diarrhoeal burden and its key risk factors, we could assess candidate drivers of subnational death reduction. Further, by doing a counterfactual analysis of the remaining disease burden using key risk factors, we identified potential intervention strategies for vulnerable populations. In view of the demands for limited resources in LMICs, accurately quantifying the burden of diarrhoea and its drivers is important for precision public health. This work was primarily supported by a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1132415). S Aljunid reports additional funding from the International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia and Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Public Health, Kuwait University for the approval and support to participate in this research project outside of the study. A Awasthi is supported by the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, New Delhi, through the INSPIRE Faculty Program outside of the study. A Badawi reports additional funding from the Public Health Agency of Canada outside of the study. A Barac reports additional funding from the Project of Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of the Republic of Serbia (no III45005) outside of the study. T Bärnighausen reports additional funding by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the Alexander von Humboldt Professor award, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research outside of the study. F Carvalho and E Fernandez report additional funding from the Portuguese national funds (UID/MULTI/04378/2019 and UID/QUI/50006/2019) outside of the study. V M Costa reports additional funding from Fundação da Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) for her grant (SFRH/BPD/110001/2015), which was funded by national funds through FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, IP, under the Norma Transitória – DL57/2016/CP1334/CT0006 outside of the study. J De Neve reports additional funding from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation outside of the study. K Deribe reports additional funding from the Wellcome Trust (grant number 201900) as part of his International Intermediate Fellowship outside of the study. D Endalew and M Moradi report additional funding from Wolkite University. M Ausloos, C Herteliu, and A Pana report additional funding from the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, CNDS-UEFISCDI (project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCCF-2016-0084) outside of the study. C Herteliu reports additional funding from the European Fund for Regional Development through Operational Program for Competitiveness (Project ID P_40_382) and the European Fund for Regional Development, through InterReg Romania-Hungary (project code EMS ROHU 217) outside of the study. P Hoogar reports additional funding from the Centre for Holistic Development and Research (CHDR), Kalaghatagi and The Department of Studies in Anthropology, Karnatak University, D S Islam reports additional funding from the National Heart Foundation of Australia and the Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition, Deakin University outside of the study. A Khatony reports additional funding from the Clinical Research Development Center of Imam Reza Hospital in Kermanshah outside of the study. J Khubchandani reports additional funding from Merck Research Laboratories outside of the study. K Krishan reports additional funding from the UGC Center of Advanced Study (CAS II) awarded to the Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India outside of the study. M Kumar reports additional funding from the Fogarty Foundation/NIH through a K43 award (TW010716-01A1) outside of the study. B Lacey reports additional funding from the National Institute for Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and the British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence (Oxford, UK) outside of the study. A M Samy reports additional funding from the Egyptian Fulbright Mission Program (EFMP) outside of the study. S Seyedmousavi reports additional funding from the Intramural Program of National Institute of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA outside of the study. M Shey reports additional funding from the Wellcome Trust Kenji Shibuya reports additional funding from Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare and Japan's Ministry of Education, Culture, Sport, Science and Technology outside of the study. M Sobhiyeh reports additional funding from the Clinical Research Development Center of Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences outside of the study. J Soriano reports additional funding from Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain outside of the study. N Taveira reports additional funding from the LIFE study (RIA2016MC-1615) of the European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP) program supported by the European Union outside of the study. B Unnikrishnan reports additional funding from the Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India outside of the study. T Wijeratne reports additional funding from the Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rajarata, Saliyapura, Sri Lanka outside of the study. C S Wiysonge reports additional funding from the South African Medical Research Council and the National Research Foundation of South Africa outside of the study. more...
Published: 2020

27. The Covid-19 pandemic and the implementation of telehealth in speech-language and hearing therapy for patients at home: an experience report

Author: Nathalia Avila Dimer, Natalia Canto-Soares, Larissa dos Santos-Teixeira, and Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart
Subjects: Adult, SARS-CoV-2, Pneumonia, Viral, COVID-19, Speech Therapy, Telemedicine, Betacoronavirus, Language Therapy, Humans, Program Development, Child, Coronavirus Infections, Pandemics, Brazil, Aged, Telerehabilitation
Abstract: We present an experience report on the implementation of real-time telehealth in speech-language and hearing therapy for patients who were previously seen on an outpatient basis in a primary health care service. The Speech-Language Therapy (SLT) team was monitoring twenty-five users when the first cases of COVID-19 were notified in southern Brazil. Of these, it was judged that twelve patients required at least a monitoring call every two weeks. Teleconsultations were available in this first stage, on an emergency basis, during the implementation of the project in this format. The idea was to guarantee, due to the suspension of the SLT sessions, the maintenance of the care service for patients who could suffer worsening of their cases or even comorbidities. The appointments were carried out by video calls by SLT students, therapists of the extension project, and supervised by a speech-language therapist, synchronously. All conversations and orientations during the teleconsultation were conducted as calmly as possible and, in the case of infant patients, permeated by some playful activities. Telehealth has shown to be an efficient resource for the care of patients with SLT demands, enabling remote care with the same quality as face-to-face care. Besides, it has relevant potential, once there is a significant number of patients, who need SLT assessment and live in regions where there is a shortage of qualified professionals.Apresentamos um relato de experiência de implementação de telefonoaudiologia em tempo real para pacientes que anteriormente eram atendidos em ambulatório em um serviço de atenção primária em saúde. No total, 25 usuários estavam sendo acompanhados pela equipe de fonoaudiologia quando da notificação dos primeiros casos de COVID-19 no sul do Brasil. Destes, julgou-se que 12 pacientes demandavam teleatendimento, pelo menos, quinzenalmente. A teleconsulta disponibilizada nesta primeira etapa, em caráter emergencial na implementação do projeto neste formato, a fim de garantir a manutenção dos atendimentos de pacientes que poderiam sofrer agravamento ou mesmo comorbidades associadas à suspensão da fonoterapia, foram realizadas por telefone, com vídeo, por estudantes de fonoaudiologia, extensionistas do projeto e supervisionadas por um fonoaudiólogo, de forma síncrona. Todas as conversas e orientações durante a teleconsulta são encaminhadas com a maior calma possível e, no caso de pacientes infantis, permeadas por algumas atividades lúdicas. A telessaúde tem se mostrado um recurso eficiente para atendimento de pacientes com demandas fonoaudiológicas, possibilitando o atendimento remoto com a mesma qualidade que o atendimento presencial. Além disso, tem potencial relevante, considerando que há um número significativo de pacientes que precisam de avaliação fonoaudiológica e residem em regiões nas quais há escassez de profissionais qualificados. more...
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

28. Prevalence of speech-language and hearing disorders in elderly and younger adults according to sex and age: a population survey

Author: Nathalia Avila, Dimer, Rafaela Soares, Rech, Brasília Maria, Chiari, and Bárbara Niegia Garcia de, Goulart
Subjects: Adult, Male, Communication Disorders, Prevalence, Humans, Speech, Female, Middle Aged, Hearing Disorders, Brazil, Aged
Abstract: To verify the distribution of self-reported speech-language and hearing disorders and their association to sex and age in a representative sample of the population in southern Brazil.Prevalence of speech-language and hearing disorders in elderly and younger adults according to sex and age: a population survey based on a household survey on Human Communication Disorders (DCH-POP Study). Standardized home interviews were conducted using a questionnaire with residents of the city of Porto Alegre between 2012 and 2014. The study outcome was self-reported "speech-language and hearing disorders", constituted from the variables: language, orofacial motricity, hearing, and balance. Analyses of absolute and relative frequencies were performed. Multivariable prevalence ratios were estimated in an adjusted analysis using Poisson Regression with robust variation and 95% confidence intervals.Of the 1246 individuals interviewed, 918 participants were eligible for this study. Most of them were female (58.1%), and the average age was 48.9 (± 19.6) years. The outcome of speech-language and hearing disorders was found in 364 (39.4%) individuals, and the most affected age group was 60 years old or more (54.4%), with a higher prevalence in men (58.9%) than in women (51.9%). The multivariate analysis showed a significant prevalence ratio only in elderly individuals aged 60 years or older (PR 1.84; 95% CI 1.50-2.26).In this study, we did not find significant differences between sexes in the prevalence of self-reported speech-language and hearing disorders in elderly and younger adults. However, elderly and younger adults presented a higher prevalence of these disorders.Verificar a distribuição dos distúrbios fonoaudiológicos autorreferidos em relação ao sexo e à faixa etária em uma amostra representativa da população do sul do Brasil.Estudo transversal em adultos e idosos com base em um inquérito populacional domiciliar autodeclarado sobre Distúrbios da Comunicação Humana (DCH-POP). Foram realizadas entrevistas domiciliares padronizadas com a aplicação de um questionário com residentes da cidade de Porto Alegre entre 2012 e 2014. O desfecho estudado foi “distúrbios fonoaudiológicos”, constituído a partir dos dados das variáveis: linguagem, motricidade orofacial, audição e equilíbrio. Foram realizadas análises de frequência absoluta e relativa. Razões de prevalência multivariáveis foram estimadas em análise ajustada pela Regressão de Poisson com variância robusta e respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95%.Dos 1246 indivíduos entrevistados, 918 participantes foram elegíveis para este estudo. A maioria é do sexo feminino (58,1%) e a idade média foi de 48,9 (±19,6) anos. O desfecho distúrbio fonoaudiológico foi encontrado em 364 (39,4%) indivíduos, sendo que a faixa etária mais acometida foi a de 60 anos ou mais (54,4%), apresentando maior prevalência no sexo masculino (58,9%), do que no feminino (51,9%). Na análise multivariável ajustada verifica-se que há razão de prevalência significativa apenas em indivíduos idosos com 60 anos ou mais (RP 1,84 IC95% 1,50-2,26).Neste estudo não encontramos diferenças significativas entre os sexos na prevalência dos distúrbios fonoaudiológicos autorreferidos em adultos e idosos. Entretanto, pessoas mais velhas apresentam maior prevalência destes, especialmente aquelas com idade entre 60 anos ou mais. more...
Published: 2020

29. The role of ethics and research integrity in the training of health professionals and in the development of human research

Author: Sandra Levey, Rafaela Soares Rech, and Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart
Subjects: Ethics, Scientific Misconduct, Research integrity, Library science, General Medicine, Ethical behavior, Scientific Publication Ethics, lcsh:Otorhinolaryngology, lcsh:RF1-547, lcsh:Philology. Linguistics, 030507 speech-language pathology & audiology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, lcsh:P1-1091, Orientation, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, 0305 other medical science, Psychology, General Environmental Science
Abstract: This paper presents a review of issues concerning research integrity and ethics. The components of research integrity and ethical behavior are critical for education in institutions. These aspects are essential when engaging in research and for the identification of these elements in research papers. This knowledge will contribute to successful and evidence-based approaches when individuals are working with patients, teaching, or engaging in research. more...
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

30. Development of a simplified dysphagia assessment by dentists in older persons

Author: Juliana Balbinot Hilgert, Rafaela Soares Rech, Karoline Weber dos Santos, Alexandre Baumgarten, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, and Fernando Neves Hugo
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Speech-Language Pathology, Dentists, Physical examination, Diagnosis, Differential, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Swallowing, Positive predicative value, Prevalence, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, General Dentistry, Aged, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Ethics committee, Gold standard (test), Standard methods, Dysphagia, Female, medicine.symptom, Deglutition Disorders, business, Brazil, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: Objective This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of a simplified clinical examination of swallowing by dentists and the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10), when compared with the diagnosis provided by a speech pathologist (gold standard). Methods Three dentists and 1 speech pathologist clinically evaluated 265 older persons in southern Brazil, 123 were residents in long-term care and 142 were community-dwelling, all able to respond to the research protocol independently. Accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (+PV and -PV), and positive and negative likelihood ratios (+LR and -LR) were calculated according to standard methods. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul. Results Mean age of the participants was 73.5 (±8.9) years and most of them were women (N = 157, 59.2%). The prevalence of dysphagia as diagnosed by a speech pathologist was 45.3%. The accuracy of diagnosis was 0.84 for the clinical examination of swallowing by dentists. Furthermore, sensitivity was 0.77, specificity was 0.89, +PV was 0.85, -PV was 0.83, +LR was 7.02 and -LR was 0.25. The accuracy of EAT-10 was 0.72, the sensitivity was 0.45, specificity was 0.94, +PV was 0.87, -PV was 0.67, +LR was 8.31 and -LR was 0.57. Conclusions Simplified clinical examination of swallowing by dentists was found to be an accurate method to screen dysphagia in older persons. more...
Published: 2017
Full Text: View/download PDF

31. Dental status, oral prosthesis and chewing ability in an adult and elderly population in southern Brazil

Author: Juliana Balbinot Hilgert, Alexandre Baumgarten, Rafaela Soares Rech, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, and Jeanne Gabriele Schmidt
Subjects: Adult, Male, Cross-sectional study, Population, Oral Health, Pilot Projects, Mastigação, Prótese dentária, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, Dental Prosthesis, 0302 clinical medicine, Idosos, Swallowing, Statistical significance, medicine, Humans, Saúde bucal, 030212 general & internal medicine, Poisson regression, Adultos, education, Mastication, Nose, Aged, education.field_of_study, lcsh:R5-920, business.industry, Dental prosthesis, digestive, oral, and skin physiology, Age Factors, 030206 dentistry, General Medicine, Clinical Science, Middle Aged, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cross-Sectional Studies, Socioeconomic Factors, symbols, Female, Self Report, business, lcsh:Medicine (General), Chewing Ability, Brazil, Demography
Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to explore the factors associated with inadequate chewing in an adult and elderly population of a city in the southern region of Brazil. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study based on a population home-based inquiry (DCH-POP) in southern Brazil. Individuals were interviewed by trained interviewers to create a standardized procedure. In a pilot study, the Questionnaire of Human Communication Disorders (DCH-POP) was created and validated to identify self-reported speech and language, swallowing and hearing disorders. The outcome was dichotomized into either having adequate chewing or not, as assessed by a series of questions about chewing ability. Analyses of absolute and relative frequencies were measured according to the studied variables. A Poisson regression was applied at a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: A total of 1,246 people were interviewed. Inadequate chewing was found in 52 (5.6%) individuals, with a higher prevalence in the elderly (11.8%) than in adults (5.2%). In the final model, the following factors were associated with inadequate chewing: being 61 years of age or older (prevalence ratio or PR=9.03; 95% CI: 1.20-67.91), loss of teeth and use of unadjusted prosthesis (PR=3.50; 95% CI: 1.54-7.95), preference for foods of soft consistency (PR=9.34; 95% CI:4.66-8.70) and difficulty in nasal breathing (PR=2.82; 95% CI: 1.31-6.06). CONCLUSION: Age, oral health status through dental prosthesis, preference for foods of soft consistency and difficulty breathing through the nose were factors associated with chewing inability in adults and the elderly. more...
Published: 2017

32. Acesso e uso de serviços de Fonoaudiologia em Porto Alegre, Brasil: estudo populacional

Author: Rafaela Soares Rech, Patrícia Távora Bulgarelli, Aline Macarevich Condessa, Camila Mello dos Santos, Juliana Balbinot Hilgert, and Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart
Subjects: SciELO, 030505 public health, business.industry, Acesso aos Serviços de Saúde, Health Policy, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Fonoaudiologia, Health Services Accessibility, Population based study, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Prevalence, Medicine, Prevalência, 030212 general & internal medicine, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, 0305 other medical science, business, Humanities, Speech-language therapy
Abstract: O objetivo deste artigo é estimar a prevalência de acesso e uso dos serviços de Fonoaudiologia e identificar as variáveis associadas ao acesso. Estudo transversal de base populacional. A amostra foi composta de indivíduos adultos residentes em Porto Alegre/RS. Os dados foram coletados a partir de um instrumento construído com domínios de questionários de pesquisas nacionais, com um módulo sobre Fonoaudiologia. O desfecho estudado foi o acesso ao fonoaudiólogo. Regressão de Poisson com variância robusta foi utilizada para cálculo de Razões de Prevalência com intervalos de confiança de 95%. Aceitaram participar deste estudo 214 pessoas, das quais 67,3% (n = 144) eram do sexo feminino. A média de idade foi de 54,28 (±18,83) anos. Referiram necessidade de consulta fonoaudiológica 56 (26,2%) pessoas. Todos os 56 indivíduos conseguiram realizar atendimento fonoaudiológico, dos quais 69,4% (n = 39) em consultório particular e 19,6% (n = 11) em consultório conveniado ao plano de saúde. No modelo final, maior prevalência de acesso foi associada ao sexo feminino (RP = 1,09; IC95% 1,01- 1,18) e possuir alguma deficiência (RP = 1,09; IC95% 1,03-1,17). O acesso ao fonoaudiólogo é mais frequente de forma privada. Observa-se que as mulheres e deficientes possuem maior prevalência de acesso ao fonoaudiólogo To estimate the prevalence of access and use of speech-language therapy services and identify the variables associated with access. Cross-sectional population-based study. The sample consisted of adult individuals living in Porto Alegre, southern Brazil. The data were collected using an instrument constructed with domains of national research questionnaires, with a module on speech-language therapy. The outcome was the access to a speech-language therapist. Poisson regression with robust variance was used to calculate Prevalence Ratios with 95% confidence intervals. A total of 214 people participated in the study, of which 67.3% (n = 144) were female. The mean age was 54.28 (SD±18.83) years. Fifty-six (26.2%) people mentioned the need for speech -language therapy consultation. All 56 subjects were able to perform speech-language therapy, of which 69.4% (n = 39) in private practice and 19.6% (n=11) used healthcare insurance plans at partnering providers. In the final model, the highest prevalence of access was associated with female (PR=1.09,95%CI1.01-1.18) and had some deficiency (PR = 1.09,95%CI1.03-1.17). Access to a speech-language therapist is more frequent in private services. It is observed that women and the disabled individuals have a higher prevalence of access to speech-language therapist more...
Published: 2020

33. Comment on 'mortality and cause of death in hearing loss participants : a longitudinal follow-up study using a national sample cohort'

Author: Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart and Rafaela Soares Rech
Subjects: Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Hearing loss, MEDLINE, Sample (statistics), Cohort Studies, Cause of Death, medicine, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Perda auditiva, Hearing Loss, Epidemiologia, Cause of death, business.industry, Follow up studies, Fonoaudiologia, Sensory Systems, Otorhinolaryngology, Cohort, Mortalidade, Neurology (clinical), medicine.symptom, business, Cohort study, Follow-Up Studies
Published: 2020

34. Mapping geographical inequalities in oral rehydration therapy coverage in low-income and middle-income countries, 2000-17

Author: Ninuk Hariyani, Benjamin Uzochukwu, Anas M. Saad, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer Saraswathy, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Behzad Karami Matin, Abdallah M. Samy, Roman Topor-Madry, Nelson G.M. Gomes, Afsaneh Arzani, Simin Liu, Maryam Khayamzadeh, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Asmamaw Bizuneh Demis, Anelisa Jaca, Amir Kasaeian, Fereshteh Ansari, Abdur Razzaque Sarker, Ali Kabir, Jorge Cano, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Tufa Kolola, Josephine W. Ngunjiri, Roghiyeh Faridnia, Kedir Hussein Abegaz, Hosni Salem, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Norberto Perico, Sergio I. Prada, Fisaha Haile Tesfay, Jai K Das, Ana Isabel Ribeiro, Sameer Vali Gopalani, Dessalegn Haile, Shivakumar Km Marulasiddaiah M. KMShivakumar, Narayan Prasad, Pranab Chatterjee, Shafiu Mohammed, Ravi Prakash Jha, Xiu Ju George Zhao, Farshad Farzadfar, Ahmad Daryani, Pramesh Raj Ghimire, Abbas Mosapour, Ebrahim Babaee, Rajat Das Gupta, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Daniel Bekele Ketema, Teshome Bekele Elema I, Erkin M. Mirrakhimov, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Muktar Beshir Ahmed, Wondimeneh Shibabaw Shiferaw, Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi, Mohamed M. Gad, Eugenio Traini, Milena Santric-Milicevic, Bakhtiar Piroozi, Mohsen Afarideh, Duduzile Ndwandwe, Ibrahim Abdollahpour, Aisha Elsharkawy, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Soufiane Boufous, Obinna Onwujekwe, Seyyed Meysam Mousavi, Azeem Majeed, Meghnath Dhimal, Bruno F. Sunguya, Daniel Adane Endalew, Hosein Shabaninejad, Siddhesh Zadey, Takahiro Tabuchi, Gebrekiros Gebremichael Meles, Davide Guido, Trang Huyen Nguyen, Yonatal Mesfin Tefera, Hala Elhabashy, Devasahayam J. Christopher, Malede Mequanent Sisay, Davide Rasella, Hedayat Abbastabar, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Anthony Masaka, Wagaye Fentahun Chanie, B. Suresh Kumar Shetty, Matiwos Soboka Daba, Tesfaye Yitna Yitna Chichiabellu, Arianna Maever L. Amit, Tomohide Yamada, Alireza Rafiei, Reinhard Busse, Abdullah Al Mamun, Genet Melak Alamene, George C Patton, Andem Effiong, Rushdia Ahmed, Jagadish Rao Padubidri, Mohamad-Hani Temsah, Nizal Sarrafzadegan I, Francesco Saverio Violante, Monika Sawhney, Eyal Oren, Kimberly B. Johnson, Benn Sartorius, Shirin Djalalinia, Mohsen Bayati, Merhawi Gebremedhin Tekle, Navid Rabiee, Javad Nazari, Krishna K. Aryal, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, Yoshan Moodley, Anh Kim Dang, Mohammad Khazaei, Parvaiz A Koul, Edson Serván-Mori, Foad Abd-Allah, Seyed Mohammad Riahi, Nader Jahanmehr, Yuming Guo, Sonia Saxena, Bayu Begashaw Bekele, Hagos Degefa de Hidru I, Enayatollah Homaie Rad, Richard C. Franklin, Dara K. Mohammad, Naznin Hossain, Oliver J. Brady, Natalie Maria Cormier, Ghulam Mustafa, Samiah Alam, Guoqing Hu, Yousef Khader, Mohsen Mazidi, Hamed Kalani, Hamideh Salimzadeh, Mayowa O. Owolabi, Ali Bijani, Getu Debalkie Demissie, Tsegaye Lolaso Lenjebo, German Martinez, Elias Merdassa Roro, Hamidreza Komaki, Giovanni Damiani, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Reza Shirkoohi, Aditya Prasad Dash, Benny Antony, Cheru Tesema Leshargie, Josip Car, Turki Alanzi, Amir Jalali, Shahin Soltani, Arvin Haj-Mirzaian, John S. Ji, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, S. Mohammad Sajadi, Khalid A Altirkawi, Shanshan Li, Hunduma Amensisa Amensisa Bojia I, Estifanos Baye, Hany Aref, Kebreab Paulos, Francisco Rogerlândio Martins-Melo, Shankar M Bakkannavar, Felix Lam, Themba G.G. Ginindza, Behnam Heidari, Chukwudi A Nnaji, Kebadnew Mulatu Mihretie, Mostafa Leili, Sohail Ahmad, Babak Moazen, Samad Azari, Feleke Gebremeskel W, Jacqueline Elizabeth Alcalde-Rabanal, Khanh Bao Tran, Okechukwu S Ogah, Bruno Ramos Nascimento, Tefera Chane Mekonnen, Irina Filip, Bogdan Oancea, Lalit Dandona, Desalegn Markos Shifti, Nasir Salam, Binyam Minuye Birihane, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Mohammad Ebrahimi Kalan, Sheetal D. Lad, Michael R.M. Abrigo, Ken Lee Chin, Masoud Moradi, Temesgen Yihunie Akalu, Behzad Heibati, Ole Frithjof Norheim, Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Mahya Beheshti, Ali Yadollahpour, Gelin Xu, Siamak Sabour, Neda Izadi, Carlos Culquichicón, Tuomo J. Meretoja, Ireneous N. Soyiri, Jacob Olusegun Olusanya, Félix Carvalho, Hamid Yimam Hassen, Dereje Bayissa Demissie, Yun Jin Kim, Rajesh Sagar, Fakher Rahim, Catrin E. Moore, Thomas R. Hird, Amjad Mohamadi-Bolbanabad, Naser Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan, Anton Sokhan, Faris Lami, Masoud Behzadifar, Ritesh G. Menezes, Amira Hamed Darwish, Mohammad Zamani, Tesleem Kayode Babalola, Navid Manafi, Charles Shey Wiysonge, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Daniel Diaz, Eleonora Dubljanin, Soraya Nouraei Motlagh, Suraj Bhattarai, Getasew Taddesse Worku, Noore Alam, Jasvinder A. Singh, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Ali Kazemi Karyani, Robert C. Reiner, Mohammedaman Mama Hussen, Fatemeh Heydarpour, Nuruzzaman Khan I, Bach Xuan Tran, Lal B. Rawal, Bereket Duko, Joemer C. Maravilla, Rakhi Dandona, Sandra B. Munro, Jae Il Shin, Julia Moreira Pescarini, Claudiu Herteliu, Ahmed Abdelalim, Manasi Kumar, Pushpendra Kumar, Saleem Muhammad Rana, Hedley Quintana, Akram Pourshams, Franz Castro, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Beyene Meressa Adhena, Aberash Abay Tasew, Linda Morales, Dawit Zewdu Wondafrash, Wasiq Faraz Rawasia, David Laith Rawaf, Zoubida Zaidi, Tomislav Mestrovic, Rajeev Gupta, Seyyede Masoume Athari, Peter Njenga Keiyoro, Andrea Werdecker, Santi Martini, Fatemeh Rajati, Andre Pascal Kengne, Victor Adekanmbi, Seid Tiku Mereta, Yared Asmare Aynalem, Kewal Krishan, Marzieh Nojomi, Yves Miel H Zuniga, Mohammad Reza Sobhiyeh, Frank B. Osei, Nefsu Awoke, Randah R. Hamadeh, G. K. Mini, Edris Hasanpoor, Ayele Geleto Bali, Moslem Soofi, Prabhat Lamichhane, Peter Azzopardi, Amir Khater, G Anil Kumar, Catherine A. Welgan, Abraham Getachew Kelbore, Jaifred Christian F. Lopez, Senthilkumar Balakrishnan, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, Ahmed I. Hasaballah, Virendra Singh, Arash Ziapour, Zahid A Butt, Hebat Allah Salah A. Yousof, Tewodros Eshete Wonde, Sanjay Zodpey, Amaha Kahsay, Achala Upendra Jayatilleke, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Beriwan Abdulqadir Ali, Simin Mouodi, Salman Rawaf, Iqbal R. F. Elyazar, Ai-Min Wu, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Yasir Waheed, Delia Hendrie, Hadi Pourjafar, Farnam Mohebi, Naohiro Yonemoto, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Veincent Christian Filipino Pepito, Paulina A. Lindstedt, Nauman Khalid, Sezer Kisa, Chi Linh Hoang, Niranjan Kissoon, Kindie Fentahun Muchie, Valery L. Feigin, Mathew M. Baumann, Alemayehu Toma, Andre Rodrigues Duraes, Benjamin B. Massenburg, Santosh Varughese, Yuan-Pang Wang, Ingan Ukur Tarigan, Ali Kiadaliri, Hamed Zandian, Demelash Woldeyohannes Handiso, Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek, Ketema Bizuwork Gebremedhin, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Oluchi Ezekannagha, Getinet Ayano, Bolajoko O. Olusanya, Manu Raj Mathur, Manfred Accrombessi, Christopher J L Murray, Moritz U. G. Kraemer, Saeed Amini, Ziad A. Memish, Yousef Mohammad, Luis Camera, Ernoiz Antriyandarti, Ronny Westerman, Meghdad Pirsaheb, Negar Rezaei, Ted R. Miller, Aziz Eftekhari, Nevine El Nahas, Sebastian Vollmer, Sanjay Basu, Hesham M. Al-Mekhlafi, D. R. Mahadeshwara Prasad, Rufus A. Adedoyin, Miliva Mozaffor I, Mihiretu Kebede, Preeti Dhillon, Dilaram Acharya, Iman El Sayed, Narendar Manohar, Paul S. F. Yip, Ben Lacey, Felix Akpojene Ogbo, Adrian Davis, Dinh-Toi Chu, Ranjani Somayaji, Raaj Kishore Biswas, Taddese Alemu Zerfu, Claudio Alberto Dávila-Cervantes, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja, Getachew Mullu Kassa, Mohan Bairwa, Gurudatta Naik, André Karch, Gudlavalleti V S Murthy, Avula Laxmaiah, Farid Najafi, Birhanu Geta Meharie, Lorenzo Monasta, Amit Arora, Christopher S Yilgwan, Samer Hamidi, Keivan Ahmadi, Kebede Deribe, Ehimario U. Igumbor, Engida Yisma, Henok Biresaw Netsere, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Ali S. Shalash, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Sachin R Atre, Mohamed I Hegazy, Mehedi Hasan, Hamidreza Haririan, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Nejimu Biza Zepro, Surendra Karki, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Hiroshi Yatsuya, Gbenga A. Kayode, Osayomwanbo Osarenotor, Paul H. Lee, Deepak Paudel, Hagos Tasew Atalay, Hatem S Shehata, Mohammad Fareed, Adnan Kisa, Hisham Atan Edinur, Mehran Alijanzadeh, Shafiur Rahman, Mohammad Hossein Khosravi, Anusha Ganapati Bhat, Bahram Mohajer, Narinder Pal Singh, Shai Linn, Savita Lasrado, Joseph Adel Mattar Banoub, Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Mohd Anisul Karim, Praveen Hoogar, Kerrie E. Doyle, Bedilu Girma Weji, Juan Sanabria, Olatunji O. Adetokunboh, Mohamed Hsairi, Alireza Esteghamati, Seok Jun Yoon, Paramjit Gill, Dabere Nigatu, Tariq Jamal Siddiqi, Muhammad Usman, Rafael Alves Guimarães, Zemenu Tadesse Tessema, Aziz Sheikh, Florian Fischer, Peter Memiah, Rakesh Lodha, Nihal Thomas, Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad, Mohammad Sadegh Rezai, Tanuj Kanchan, Vinay Nangia, Ashraf Nabhan, Gebre Teklemariam Demoz, Eirini Skiadaresi, Aleksandra Barac, Simon I. Hay, Sadaf G. Sepanlou, Michellr L. Bell, Nicola Luigi Bragazzi, Aklilu Endalamaw, Vishnu Renjith, Chinwe Juliana Iwu, Gabrielle B. Britton, Colm McAlinden, Ayenew Negesse Abejie, Smita Pakhale, Doris V.V. Ortega-Altamirano, Noushin Mohammadifard, Deborah Carvalho Malta, Vo Dinh Bay, Kirsten E. Wiens, Hamidreza Karimi-Sari, Mustafa Z. Younis, Shaimaa I. El-Jaafary, Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan, Phetole Walter Mahasha, Mu'awiyyah Babale Sufiyan, Harish Chander Gugnani, Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Maarten J. Postma, Usman Iqbal, Abdu A. Adamu, Marwa R.Rashad Salem I, Fares Alahdab, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Masoud Foroutan, Muhammad Shahzeb Khan, In-Hwan Oh, Yahya Salimi, Takeshi Fukumoto, Chhabi Lal Ranabhat, Tiffany K. Gill, Angel Paternina-Caicedo, Walter Mendoza, Sojib Bin Zaman, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Brigette F. Blacker, Anbissa Muleta Senbeta, Subramanian Senthilkumaran, Ambrish Singh, Mehdi Fazlzadeh, Mahesh P A, Carlo La Vecchia, Alex Yeshaneh, Benjamin K. Mayala, Aniruddha Deshpande, Agus Sudaryanto, Neeraj Bedi, Morteza Shamsizadeh, Jemal Abdu Mohammed, Vahid Alipour, Haileab Fekadu Wolde, Boris Bikbov, Ahmed Abualhasan, Ali H. Mokdad, Eduarda Fernandes, Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Alessandra C. Goulart, Mahmoud Yousefifard, Masood Ali Shaikh, Roya Safari-Faramani, MohammadBagher Shamsi, Aso Mohammad Darwesh, Amir Anoushiravani, Kebede Embaye Gezae, Degena Bahrey Tadesse, Paula Moraga, Maha El Tantawi, Rosario Cárdenas, Assefa Desalew, Vivek Kumar, Mina Anjomshoa, Junaid Khan, Jagdish Khubchandani, Marcel Ausloos, Soraya Siabani, Anwar E. Ahmed, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari, Andre M. N. Renzaho, Vuong Minh Nong, Kaushik Sarkar, Bruno Piassi Sao Jose, Yafeng Wang, Mitchell T. Wallin, Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez, Mohammad Hasan Imani-Nasab, Melese Abate Reta, Kala M. Mehta, Yahya Safari, Marufa Sultana, David C. Schwebel, Roghayeh Mohammadibakhsh, Samath D Dharmaratne, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Shiwei Liu, Gail Davey, Milena Ilic, Yunquan Zhang, Bahram Armoon, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Jost B. Jonas, Dian Kusuma, Yawukal chane Kasahun, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Mohammad Moradi-Joo, Gebrehiwot G. Kassa, Maria Jesus Rios-Blancas, Serge Resnikoff, Seifadin Ahmed Shallo, Bartosz Miazgowski, Huda Basaleem, Jobert Richie Nansseu, Enrico Rubagotti, Carl Abelardo T. Antonio, Morteza Abdullatif Khafaie, Meysam Behzadifar, Maryam Adabi, Saravanan Muthupandian, Soumyadeep Bhaumik, hawariat, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, Martin Amogre Ayanore, Dragos Virgil Davitoiu, Hossein Poustchi, Moses K. Muriithi, Dharmesh Kumar Lal, Ayman Grada, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Seyyed Shamsadin Athari, Ashish Pathak, Salvatore Rubino, Kenji Shibuya, Ana Laura Manda, Muluken Bekele Sorrie, Vivekanand Jha, Habtamu Kebebe Kasaye, Mohammad Hoseini, Sonali Kochhar, Van C. Lansingh, Ali Almasi, Amir Radfar, Till Bärnighausen, Marcia R. Weaver, Mowafa Househ, Arya Haj-Mirzaian, Gebremicheal Gebreslassie Kasahun, Arash Etemadi, Getahun Fentaw Mulaw, Zubair Kabir, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Chabila C Mapoma, Aubrey J. Levine, Solomon Gedlu Nigatu, Aslam Pervaiz, Muhammed Magdy Abd El Razek, Nataliya A. Foigt, Andrey Nikolaevich Briko, Sadaf Esteghamati, Chuanhua Yu, Pascual R. Valdez, Jennifer Rickard, Jennifer M. Ross, Ionut Negoi, Hailay Abrha Gesesew, Kamarul Imran Musa, Farshad Pourmalek, Kiomars Sharafi, Sangram Kishor Patel, Vera Marisa Costa, Mostafa Hosseini, Hajer Elkout, Mika Shigematsu, Bryan L. Sykes, Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar, Nuworza Kugbey, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Payman Salamati, Mona M. Khater, Reta Tsegaye Gayesa, Ehsan Sadeghi, Andrew T Olagunju, Govinda Prasad Dhungana, Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum, Yaschilal Muche Belayneh, Leonardo Roever, Luca Ronfani, Nathaniel J. Henry, Brijesh Sathian, Hamid Sharifi, Liliana Preotescu, Joshua Longbottom, Somayeh Bohlouli, Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, Khaled Khatab, Ziyad Al-Aly, Ghobad Moradi, Ruth W Kimokoti, Jalal Arabloo, Mariam Molokhia, Maciej Banach, Hasan Yusefzadeh, Rahman Shiri, Girmay Teklay Weldesamuel, Mekdes Tigistu Yilma, Taweewat Wiangkham, Soewarta Kosen, Kovin Naidoo, Fernando de la Hoz, Mohammed Shannawaz, Berhe Etsay Tesfay I, Yogesh Sabde, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, Belay Tessema, Reza Malekzadeh, Tinuke O Olagunju, Olatunde Aremu, Mohammad Reza Salahshoor, Derrick A Bennett, Oladimeji M. Adebayo, Teshome Gebre, Narayan Bahadur Mahotra, Nelson J. Alvis-Zakzuk, Lauren E. Schaeffer, Alexandre C. Pereira, Mehdi Naderi, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Mehran Shams-Beyranvand, Ilais Moreno Velásquez, Rovshan Khalilov, Ai Koyanagi, Salman Khazaei, Ismael R. Campos-Nonato, Alaa Badawi, Amir Hasanzadeh, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn Gebremeskel, Gessessew Bugssa Hailu, Dessalegn Ajema Berbada, Kate E. LeGrand, Azadeh Shafieesabet, Nikolay Ivanovich Briko, Robert S. Bernstein, Irfan Ullah, Isaac Oluwafemi Dipeolu, Hadi Hassankhani, Keyghobad Ghadiri, Local Burden of Disease Diarrhoea Collaborator, Violante FS, Wiens, KE, Lindstedt, PA, Blacker, BF, Johnson, KB, Yisma, E, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Reiner, Robert C, Duko, Bereket, Local Burden of Disease Diarrhoea Collaborators, Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Value, Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), Local Burden Dis Diarrhoea, Department of Earth Observation Science, UT-I-ITC-ACQUAL, Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, GeoHealth, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Clinicum, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Department of Oncology, University of Helsinki, and Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto more...
Subjects: RJ101, medicine.medical_treatment, CHILDREN, ZINC, 0302 clinical medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, media_common, Geography, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, 1. No poverty, Low income and middle income countries, General Medicine, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, 3. Good health, Child, Preschool, A990 Medicine and Dentistry not elsewhere classified, Geographical inequalities, 0605 Microbiology, Diarrhea, AFRICA, Inequality, DEATHS, media_common.quotation_subject, 030231 tropical medicine, Developing country, Article, RS, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, 03 medical and health sciences, MORBIDITY, Environmental health, DIARRHEAL DISEASE, medicine, Humans, Oral rehydration therapy, Healthcare Disparities, Developing Countries, Models, Statistical, CHOLERA, MORTALITY, Infant, Newborn, Infant, lcsh:RA1-1270, Bayes Theorem, Middle income, GLOBAL BURDEN, Child mortality, 0605 Microbiology, 1117 Public Health and Health Services, Health Care Surveys, ITC-ISI-JOURNAL-ARTICLE, Fluid Therapy, NA, Human medicine, ITC-GOLD
Abstract: Background: Oral rehydration solution (ORS) is a form of oral rehydration therapy (ORT) for diarrhoea that has the potential to drastically reduce child mortality; yet, according to UNICEF estimates, less than half of children younger than 5 years with diarrhoea in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) received ORS in 2016. A variety of recommended home fluids (RHF) exist as alternative forms of ORT; however, it is unclear whether RHF prevent child mortality. Previous studies have shown considerable variation between countries in ORS and RHF use, but subnational variation is unknown. This study aims to produce high-resolution geospatial estimates of relative and absolute coverage of ORS, RHF, and ORT (use of either ORS or RHF) in LMICs. Methods: We used a Bayesian geostatistical model including 15 spatial covariates and data from 385 household surveys across 94 LMICs to estimate annual proportions of children younger than 5 years of age with diarrhoea who received ORS or RHF (or both) on continuous continent-wide surfaces in 2000-17, and aggregated results to policy-relevant administrative units. Additionally, we analysed geographical inequality in coverage across administrative units and estimated the number of diarrhoeal deaths averted by increased coverage over the study period. Uncertainty in the mean coverage estimates was calculated by taking 250 draws from the posterior joint distribution of the model and creating uncertainty intervals (UIs) with the 2·5th and 97·5th percentiles of those 250 draws. Findings: While ORS use among children with diarrhoea increased in some countries from 2000 to 2017, coverage remained below 50% in the majority (62·6%; 12 417 of 19 823) of second administrative-level units and an estimated 6 519 000 children (95% UI 5 254 000-7 733 000) with diarrhoea were not treated with any form of ORT in 2017. Increases in ORS use corresponded with declines in RHF in many locations, resulting in relatively constant overall ORT coverage from 2000 to 2017. Although ORS was uniformly distributed subnationally in some countries, within-country geographical inequalities persisted in others; 11 countries had at least a 50% difference in one of their units compared with the country mean. Increases in ORS use over time were correlated with declines in RHF use and in diarrhoeal mortality in many locations, and an estimated 52 230 diarrhoeal deaths (36 910-68 860) were averted by scaling up of ORS coverage between 2000 and 2017. Finally, we identified key subnational areas in Colombia, Nigeria, and Sudan as examples of where diarrhoeal mortality remains higher than average, while ORS coverage remains lower than average. Interpretation: To our knowledge, this study is the first to produce and map subnational estimates of ORS, RHF, and ORT coverage and attributable child diarrhoeal deaths across LMICs from 2000 to 2017, allowing for tracking progress over time. Our novel results, combined with detailed subnational estimates of diarrhoeal morbidity and mortality, can support subnational needs assessments aimed at furthering policy makers' understanding of within-country disparities. Over 50 years after the discovery that led to this simple, cheap, and life-saving therapy, large gains in reducing mortality could still be made by reducing geographical inequalities in ORS coverage. This work was primarily supported by a grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (OPP1132415). L G Abreu has received support from Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Finance Code 001), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais. O O Adetokunboh acknowledges the South African Department of Science and Innovation and the National Research Foundation. S M Aljunid acknowledges the Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Public Health, Kuwait University and International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia for the approval and support to participate in this research project. H T Atalay acknowledges Aksum University. M Ausloos and C Herteliu are partially supported by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, CNDS-UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCCF-2016-0084. P S Azzopardi was supported by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) early career fellowship. A Badawi is supported by the Public Health Agency of Canada. T W Bärnighausen was supported by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the Alexander von Humboldt Professor award, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research; the EU; the Wellcome Trust; and from National Institute of Child Health and Human Development of National Institutes of Health (NIH; R01-HD084233), National Institute on Aging of NIH (P01-AG041710), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of NIH (R01-AI124389 and R01-AI112339), as well as Fogarty International Center of NIH (D43-TW009775). G B Britton is supported by Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SNI) de la Secretaría Nacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (SENACYT) of Panamá. A Barac is funded by the Project of Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of the Republic of Serbia (number III45005). D A Bennett was supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the National Health Service, the NIHR, or the UK Department of Health and Social Care. V M Costa acknowledges her grant (SFRH/BHD/110001/2015), received by Portuguese national funds through Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT), IP, under the Norma Transitória DL57/2016/CP1334/CT0006. F Carvalho acknowledges UID/MULTI/04378/2019 and UID/QUI/50006/2019 support with funding from FCT/Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Ensino Superior through national funds. K Deribe is supported by a Wellcome Trust grant (number 201900/Z/16/Z) as part of his International Intermediate Fellowship. C Herteliu is partially supported by a grant co-funded by European Fund for Regional Development through the Operational Program for Competitiveness (project ID P_40_382). P Hoogar thanks Centre for Bio Cultural Studies, Directorate of Research, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal and Centre for Holistic Development and Research, Kalaghatgi-Karnataka. S M S Islam is funded by a Fellowship from National Heart Foundation of Australia and Deakin University. M Jakovljevic and the Serbian part of this GBD contribution was co-funded through grant OI175014 of the Ministry of Education Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia. A P Kengne is supported by the South African Medical Research Council. Y J Kim's work was supported by the Research Management Centre, Xiamen University Malaysia, grants number XMUMRF/2018-C2/ITCM/0001. K Krishan is supported by a DST PURSE grant and UGC Center of Advanced Study awarded to the Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. M Kumar acknowledges K43 TW010716-03. B Lacey acknowledges support from the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and the British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford. P T N Memiah acknowledges the Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa. M Molokhia is supported by the NIHR Biomedical Research Center at Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service Foundation Trust and King's College London. I Moreno Velásquez is supported by the Sistema Nacional de Investigación (SENACYT, Panamá). G C Patton is funded by an NHMRC Fellowship. A M Samy received a fellowship from the Egyptian Fulbright Mission programme. M M Santric-Milicevic acknowledges the support of the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (contract number 175087). A Sheikh acknowledges the support of Health Data Research UK. M R Sobhiyeh acknowledges the Clinical Research Development Center of Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences for their wise advice. R Tabarés-Seisdedos was supported in part by grant PI17/00719 from Instituto de Salud Carlos III–FEDER. B Unnikrishnan acknowledges Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal. M R Weaver was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation grant OPP1127433. C S Wiysonge was supported by the South African Medical Research Council. more...
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

35. Measuring universal health coverage based on an index of effective coverage of health services in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Author: William M. Gardner, Rawlance Ndejjo, Govinda Prasad Dhungana, Fereshteh Ansari, Kathleen Pillsbury Hopf, João Pedro Silva, M. Mofizul Islam, Cong Zhu, Abdul Hafiz, Irmina Maria Michalek, Syed Mohamed Aljunid, Leonardo Roever, Mustefa Glagn, Davood Anvari, Tessa M. Pilz, Sameer Vali Gopalani, Joel M. Francis, Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Rakhi Dandona, Abbas Sheikhtaheri, Mansour Ghafourifard, Simon Øverland, David Laith Rawaf, Jaykaran Charan, Akram Pourshams, Mostafa Dianatinasab, Morteza Mahmoudi, Alton Lu, Alyssa N. Sbarra, Lorainne Tudor Car, Franz Castro, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria, Luca Ronfani, Marina Pinheiro, Mehran Asadi-Aliabadi, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Hoa Thi Do, Whitney L. Teagle, Sofia Androudi, Carl Abelardo T. Antonio, Myron Anthony Godinho, Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan, Oluchi Ezekannagha, Getinet Ayano, Seyyed Shamsadin Athari, Dimas Ria Angga Pribadi, Kyle E. Simpson, Muluken Bekele Sorrie, Vivekanand Jha, Chukwuma David Umeokonkwo, Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula, Cuong Tat Nguyen, Amr Hassan, Akine Eshete Abosetugn, Hailay Abrha Gesesew, Anna V. Korotkova, Brijesh Sathian, Marcello Tonelli, Olatunde Aremu, Mohammad Reza Salahshoor, Juan Jesus Carrero, Cameron J. Kneib, Ravi Prakash Jha, David H. Shaw, Hossein Samadi Kafil, Tanuj Kanchan, Khezar Hayat, Hamid Sharifi, Morteza Shamsizadeh, Muktar Omer Omer, Fatemeh Amiri, Hamidreza Pazoki Toroudi, David Edvardsson, Xiu Ju George Zhao, Hannah Han, Leticia Avila-Burgos, Adam E. Berman, Jemal Abdu Mohammed, Thomas Pilgrim, Leila Doshmangir, Mu'awiyyah Babale Sufiyan, David M. Pigott, Hadi Hassankhani, Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla, Teklemariam Gultie, Arash Ziapour, Seyed Sina Naghibi Irvani, Ilse N. Dippenaar, Jean Jacques Noubiap, Emmanuela Gakidou, Abiyu Mekonnen Gebrehiwot, Maha El Tantawi, Xuefeng Liu, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Keyghobad Ghadiri, João Mauricio Castaldelli-Maia, Behzad Karami Matin, Yunquan Zhang, Vera Marisa Costa, Iyad Sultan, Mostafa Hosseini, Abdulaziz Khalid Abu Haimed, Haidong Wang, Kaleab Alemayehu Zewdie, Celine M. Barthelemy, Hosna Janjani, Bartosz Miazgowski, Jobert Richie Nansseu, Arianna Maever L. Amit, John S. Ji, Ata Rafiee, Maria Inês Schmidt, Alireza Rafiei, Somayeh Bohlouli, Joana Morgado-da-Costa, Huong Lan Thi Nguyen, Pradyumna Agasthi, Tiffany K. Gill, Martin McKee, Khaled Khatab, Jae Il Shin, Animut Tagele Tamiru, Giancarlo Logroscino, Hassan Abolhassani, Syed Saoud Zaidi, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer Saraswathy, Garumma Tolu Feyissa, Ahmad Daryani, Ziyad Al-Aly, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn Gebremeskel, Michael T. Chung, Amirhossein Sahebkar, Mehedi Hasan, Saeed Shahabi, Diep Ngoc Nguyen, Yohannes Kinfu, Nicholas L S Roberts, Jagadish Rao Padubidri, Mika Shigematsu, Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado, Deepa Jahagirdar, Islam Y. Elgendy, Erkin M. Mirrakhimov, Tanvir M. Huda, Fakher Rahim, Dara K. Mohammad, Yingxi Zhao, Ruxandra Irina Negoi, Vinod C. Nayak, Reinhard Busse, Andrew T. Leever, Muhammad Aziz Rahman, Kathryn Mei Ming Lau, Stefania Mondello, Vivian Chia-Rong Hsieh, Kris J. Krohn, Reza Rawassizadeh, Vishnu Renjith, Jianing Ma, Moses K. Muriithi, Mark G. Shrime, Mayowa O. Owolabi, Nobuyuki Horita, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Daniel Y. Cho, Miloje Savic, Moslem Soofi, Iqbal R. F. Elyazar, Freweini Gebrearegay G. Tela, Jonathan F. Mosser, Palash Chandra Banik, Andre Rodrigues Duraes, Yuan-Pang Wang, Natalie C. Galles, Rashid Abdi Guled, Abdallah M. Samy, Hadi Pourjafar, Roman Topor-Madry, Ayesha Humayun, Leila Zaki, Nuworza Kugbey, Maryam Khayamzadeh, Naznin Hossain, Jiregna Darega Gela, Jordi Alonso, Ruth W Kimokoti, A. A. Fomenkov, Jalal Arabloo, Aletta E. Schutte, Biruk Wogayehu Taddele, Teklehaimanot Gereziher Haile, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Aghamir, Maciej Banach, Deanna Anderlini, Moses J. Bockarie, Saleem Muhammad Rana, Randah R. Hamadeh, Farhad Islami, Olalekan A. Uthman, S. Mohammad Sajadi, Francisco Rogerlândio Martins-Melo, Shankar M Bakkannavar, Kairat Davletov, Soraya Seedat, Alan D. Lopez, Masoud Behzadifar, Benjamin B. Massenburg, Santosh Varughese, Ingan Ukur Tarigan, Amin Soheili, Félix Carvalho, Yun Jin Kim, Catalina Liliana Andrei, Caleb Mackay Salpeter Irvine, Mojgan Gitimoghaddam, G Anil Kumar, Rasmus J. Havmoeller, Hiroyasu Iso, Atte Meretoja, Yasir Waheed, João M. Furtado, Christian Razo, Neeti Kapoor, Mowafa Househ, Rajaa Al-Raddadi, Mohammad Khammarnia, Santi Martini, Feng Sha, Marco Vacante, Jacek A. Kopec, Hunduma Amensisa Bojia, Jacob Olusegun Olusanya, Kate E. LeGrand, Nikolay Ivanovich Briko, Robert S. Bernstein, Arun Balachandran, Davoud Adham, Ahad Bakhtiari, Shafiu Mohammed, Leake G. Gebremeskel, Smita Pakhale, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Daniel Cury Ribeiro, Yousef Mohammad, Bernhard T. Baune, Azeem Majeed, Luis Camera, Mohammad Ali Jahani, Hasan Yusefzadeh, Rahman Shiri, Massimo Cirillo, Nikita Otstavnov, Vahid Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Paolo Lauriola, Irfan Ullah, Aruna M Kamath, Maryam Mirzaei, Zabihollah Yousefi, Iman El Sayed, Mohammad Farahmand, Yetunde O. John-Akinola, Khem Narayan Pokhrel, Felix Akpojene Ogbo, Megan Knight, Nelson J. Alvis-Zakzuk, Teferi Mekonnen, Iván Landires, Robert G. Weintraub, Chukwudi A Nnaji, Lauren E. Schaeffer, Paulo A. Lotufo, Mehdi Naderi, Tomislav Mestrovic, André Faro, Mohsen Bayati, Raffaele Palladino, Shahin Soltani, Vladimir Andreevich Korshunov, Birhanu Geta Meharie, Mihajlo Jakovljevic, Abdiwahab Hashi, Olatunji O. Adetokunboh, Dejana Braithwaite, Sergio I. Prada, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Reza Pourmirza Kalhori, Jee-Young Jasmine Choi, Ernoiz Antriyandarti, Ronny Westerman, Meghdad Pirsaheb, Paul S. F. Yip, Mehdi Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Gebremariam Woldu, Rashmi Gupta, Onome Bright Oghenetega, Shane D. Morrison, Inga Dora Sigfusdottir, Marcel Ausloos, Mehdi Hosseinzadeh, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, K M Shivakumar, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Archith Boloor, Aidin Abedi, Binyam Minuye Birihane, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Nihad A. Almasri, Simachew Animen Bante, Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís, Leeberk Raja Inbaraj, Edgar Denova-Gutiérrez, Antonio Biondi, Valentin Yurievich Skryabin, Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi, Sarika Chaturvedi, Francesco Saverio Violante, Abhay Gaidhane, George A. Mensah, Naohiro Yonemoto, Ahmad Ghashghaee, Ebrahim Babaee, Saman Esmaeilnejad, Sharath Burugina Nagaraja, Avina Vongpradith, Javad Nazari, Amir Khater, Michael K. Hole, Ben Lacey, Razique Anwer, Łukasz Szumowski, Ai Koyanagi, Rajesh Sagar, Ali Rajabpour-Sanati, Seyed M Karimi, Yordanos Gizachew Yeshitila, Mona Pathak, Nithin Kumar, Masoud Foroutan, Mehdi Fazlzadeh, Anusha Ganapati Bhat, Abbas Mosapour, Kebede Deribe, Nermin Ghith, Vaman Kulkarni, Sanjay Zodpey, Asadollah Gholamian, Mohammed Shannawaz, Nancy Fullman, Benn Sartorius, Giulio Castelpietra, Ghulam Mustafa, Silvia Schiavolin, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Jeffrey D. Stanaway, Rafael Lozano, Christopher J L Murray, Guoqing Hu, Andrew M. Briggs, Ashish Badiye, Yousef Khader, Masoud Moghadaszadeh, Rahmatollah Moradzadeh, Valery L. Feigin, Claudia I. Mastrogiacomo, Emma Smith, Yasser Vasseghian, Saeed Amini, Asif Hanif, Achala Upendra Jayatilleke, Maryam Adabi, Sarah Wulf Hanson, Bhaskar Thakur, Ravi Mehrotra, Virginia Núñez-Samudio, Lalit Dandona, Segun Emmanuel Ibitoye, Simon I. Hay, Kiirithio N. Ngari, Obinna Onwujekwe, Deborah Carvalho Malta, Lorenzo Monasta, Neda Kianipour, Khurshid Alam, Luisa Sorio Flor, Priya Rathi, Ali Bijani, Khalid A Altirkawi, Jaimie Adelson, Hamed Zandian, Frank Tanser, Dharmesh Kumar Lal, John Everett Mumford, Morteza Oladnabi, Telma Zahirian Moghadam, Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suárez, Masoud Moradi, Maseer Khan, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, Amy E. Peden, Dhirendra N Sinha, Shanshan Li, Shailesh Advani, Behshad Naghshtabrizi, Matilde Leonardi, Lope H Barrero, Nicholas Steel, Dinh-Toi Chu, Claudio Alberto Dávila-Cervantes, Pushpendra Singh, Adrian Otoiu, Fabrizio Tediosi, Yonas Getaye Tefera, Pawan Faris, George C. Patton, Christopher Troeger, Mohammed Madadin, Jeffrey V. Lazarus, Paul H. Lee, Mohammad Amin Bahrami, Wondimeneh Shibabaw Shiferaw, Emmanuel Wandera Okunga, Biniyam Sahiledengle Geberemariyam, Samer Hamidi, Young-Ho Khang, Rufus Akinyemi, Farhad Jadidi-Niaragh, Godfrey Mutashambara Rwegerera, Naser Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Rupak Desai, Eduardo Bernabé, Jamal A. Yearwood, Nima Rezaei, Emerito Jose A. Faraon, Vasily Vlassov, Stanislav S. Otstavnov, Reed J D Sorensen, Elena V. Gnedovskaya, Johan Ärnlöv, Mukhammad David Naimzada, Tahereh Javaheri, Tamer H. Farag, Paolo Cortesi, Gbenga A. Kayode, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Manu Raj Mathur, Getie Lake Aynalem, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Doris V.V. Ortega-Altamirano, Giorgia Giussani, Liliana G Ciobanu, Suraj Bhattarai, Basema Saddik, Mustafa Z. Younis, Ensiyeh Jenabi, Ira Martopullo, Mohamed M. Gad, Kanyin L. Ong, Addisu Melese, Fotis Topouzis, Hanne Christensen, In-Hwan Oh, Arash Sarveazad, Shuhei Nomura, Peter Memiah, Sergej M. Ostojic, Santosh Kumar Tadakamadla, Dinesh Bhandari, Ahmed Omar Bali, Farahnaz Joukar, Arielle Wilder Eagan, Emma Elizabeth Spurlock, Ferrán Catalá-López, Caroline Stein, Jonathan M. Kocarnik, Stephen S Lim, Siamak Sabour, Kelly Compton, Shoaib Hassan, Rannveig Sigurvinsdottir, Claudiu Herteliu, Aso Mohammad Darwesh, Muluken Altaye Ayza, Angela Y. Chang, Leila R Kalankesh, Rafael Alves Guimarães, Abdollah Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Lal B. Rawal, Soewarta Kosen, Degena Bahrey Tadesse, Theo Vos, Paula Moraga, Soheil Hassanipour, Abdelrahman Ibrahim Abushouk, Oladimeji Adebayo, Mikk Jürisson, Tuomo J. Meretoja, Ireneous N. Soyiri, Carlo La Vecchia, Khalil Eskandari, Aziz Sheikh, Jagdish Khubchandani, James Leigh, Morteza Arab-Zozani, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, Stefan Kohler, Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi, Kazumasa Yamagishi, Michele Romoli, Jasvinder A. Singh, Neeraj Bedi, Ivo Iavicoli, Alyssa Pennini, Subas Neupane, Emmanuel Peprah, Sojib Bin Zaman, Marwa Rashad Salem, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari, Ramesh Holla, Bayisa Abdissa Baye, Robert Ancuceanu, Eduarda Fernandes, Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, Ettore Beghi, Quique Bassat, B Reshmi, Masood Ali Shaikh, Ionut Negoi, Peter Azzopardi, Florian Fischer, Kerem Shuval, Sorin Hostiuc, Hmwe H Kyu, Ver Bilano, Siddhesh Zadey, Davide Rasella, Vahid Alipour, Sowmya J. Rao, Radoslaw Sierpinski, Irina Filip, Michelle L. Bell, Malke Asaad, Ravensara S. Travillian, Christopher R. Cederroth, Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos, Ashkan Afshin, Saqib Ali, Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib, Saad M.A. Dahlawi, Hedayat Abbastabar, Zahid A Butt, Sagun Paudel, Vahid Rashedi, B. Suresh Kumar Shetty, Thomas R. Hird, Shokofeh Maleki, Atif Amin Baig, Reza Heidari-Soureshjani, Shaun Wen Huey Lee, Jorge R. Ledesma, Ai-Min Wu, Fablina Sharara, Zemenu Tadesse Tessema, Ratilal Lalloo, Rohollah Kalhor, Rosario Cárdenas, Amir Radfar, Salime Goharinezhad, Fereshteh Mehri, Katarzyna Kissimova-Skarbek, Spencer A. Pease, Diana Silva, Amir Hossein Goudarzian, Samath D Dharmaratne, Darshan B B, Mariya Vladimirovna Titova, Dickson A. Amugsi, Lee Ling Lim, Agegnehu Bante, Charles D.A. Wolfe, Majid A Almadi, Seyed Mohammad Riahi, Nader Jahanmehr, Yuming Guo, Tauseef Ahmad, Platon D. Lopukhov, Takahiro Tabuchi, Nicholas J Kassebaum, Jacek Jerzy Jozwiak, Ritesh G. Menezes, Giovanni Damiani, Delia Hendrie, Mostafa Amini-Rarani, Sanjay Basu, Mohammad Hossein Bakhshaei, Gholamreza Roshandel, Borhan Mansouri, Enrico Rubagotti, Anurag Agrawal, Alireza Esteghamati, Paramjit Gill, Graeme J. Hankey, Mikhail Sergeevich Zastrozhin, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, Bruce Bartholow Duncan, Silvano Gallus, Jeevan Pereira, Ahamarshan Jayaraman Nagarajan, Giulia Carreras, Fariba Dorostkar, Pietro Ferrara, Andrea Farioli, Christoph Nowak, Ahmed I. Hasaballah, Vijay Kumar Chattu, Bolajoko O. Olusanya, Perminder S. Sachdev, Era Upadhyay, Tommi Vasankari, Susan M Sawyer, Adnan Kisa, Farshad Pourmalek, Kiomars Sharafi, Golnaz Heidari, Mohammad Abdollahi, Georges Nguefack-Tsague, Sajid Hameed, Sanni Yaya, Bach Xuan Tran, Ole Frithjof Norheim, Robert Kaba Alhassan, Morenike Oluwatoyin Folayan, Ismail Tareque, Phetole Walter Mahasha, Kewal Krishan, Soraya Siabani, Aleksandr Y. Aravkin, Helena Ullyartha Pangaribuan, Maryam Zamanian, Joshua A. Salomon, Bianca S. Zlavog, Vinay Nangia, Falk Schwendicke, Takeshi Fukumoto, Hung Chak Ho, Jordan Weiss, Maha Atout, Tariku Tesfaye Bekuma, Efat Mohamadi, Nikolaos Dervenis, Joan B. Soriano, Syed Amir Gilani, Victor Adekanmbi, Marina Karanikolos, Alberto Raggi, Michael R.M. Abrigo, Weijia Fu, Reza Shirkoohi, Aditya Prasad Dash, Peng Jia, Masoumeh Sadeghi, Ashraf Nabhan, Isabela M. Benseñor, Morteza Jafarinia, Joht Singh Chandan, Usman Iqbal, Amira Shaheen, Deepak Saxena, Lauren B. Wilner, Nataliya A. Foigt, Jeadran N. Malagón-Rojas, David C. Schwebel, Gail Davey, Milena Ilic, Josep Maria Haro, Peter Njenga Keiyoro, Stein Emil Vollset, Andrea Werdecker, Zahiruddin Quazi Syed, Yared Asmare Aynalem, Entezar Mehrabi Nasab, Yihun Mulugeta Alemu, Muhammad Ali, Mona M. Khater, Ehsan Sadeghi, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Pascual R. Valdez, Jennifer Rickard, Mark A. Stokes, Davide Sattin, Ewerton Cousin, Oliver J. Brady, Krittika Bhattacharyya, Mika Kivimäki, Andrew T Olagunju, Jost B. Jonas, Dian Kusuma, Goura Kishor Rath, Alberto Ortiz, Samad Azari, Nayu Ikeda, James L. Fisher, Peng Zheng, Elisabetta Pupillo, Pankaj Bhardwaj, Suzanne Lyn Barker-Collo, Riaz Uddin, Ester Cerin, Amir Taherkhani, Martin Amogre Ayanore, Richard G. Wamai, Anders Larsson, Josephine W. Ngunjiri, Hosni Salem, Hesham M. Al-Mekhlafi, Sharareh Eskandarieh, Taraneh Yousefinezhadi, Srikanta Banerjee, Yang Xie, Yuichiro Yano, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Themba G. Ginindza, Manasi Kumar, Babak Moazen, Bing-Fang Hwang, Cristiana Abbafati, Florentino Luciano Caetano dos Santos, Juan Sanabria, Milena Santric-Milicevic, Carla Sofia e.Sá Farinha, Samuel B. Albertson, Chieh Han, Parvaiz A Koul, Foad Abd-Allah, Mojisola Oluwasanu, Mihaela Hostiuc, Chinwe Juliana Iwu, Colm McAlinden, Mohsen Naghavi, Maarten J. Postma, Chhabi Lal Ranabhat, Jalil Jaafari, Walter Mendoza, Abdulaziz M. Almulhim, Magdalene K. Walters, Ali H. Mokdad, Andre M. N. Renzaho, Catherine M. Antony, Ken Lee Chin, Ali A. Asadi-Pooya, Daniel Diaz, Adrian Pana, Salman Rawaf, Gina Agarwal, Demelash Woldeyohannes Handiso, Savita Lasrado, Amir Almasi-Hashiani, Praveen Hoogar, Srinivasa Rao Bolla, Fares Alahdab, Om P Kurmi, Sonali Kochhar, Van C. Lansingh, François Alla, Ali Almasi, Till Bärnighausen, Michael A. Piradov, Zubair Kabir, Boris Bikbov, Philip B. Mitchell, Amin Mousavi Khaneghah, Yahya Safari, Anirudh Kotlo, Jan-Walter De Neve, Biagio Simonetti, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Kenji Shibuya, GBD 2019 Universal Health Coverage Collaborator, Violante FS, Real World Studies in PharmacoEpidemiology, -Genetics, -Economics and -Therapy (PEGET), Value, Affordability and Sustainability (VALUE), Microbes in Health and Disease (MHD), Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Clinicum, Neurologian yksikkö, HUS Neurocenter, HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital Area, GBD 2019 Universal Health Coverage Collaborators, Lozano, Rafael, Fullman, Nancy, Mumford, John Everett, Knight, Megan, Barthelemy, Celine M, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abedi, Aidin, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abosetugn, Akine Eshete, Abreu, Lucas Guimarãe, Abrigo, Michael R M, Abu Haimed, Abdulaziz Khalid, Abushouk, Abdelrahman I, Adabi, Maryam, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adelson, Jaimie, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, Adham, Davoud, Advani, Shailesh M, Afshin, Ashkan, Agarwal, Gina, Agasthi, Pradyumna, Aghamir, Seyed Mohammad Kazem, Agrawal, Anurag, Ahmad, Tauseef, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Alahdab, Fare, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Albertson, Samuel B, Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Muhammad, Ali, Saqib, Alipour, Vahid, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alla, Françoi, Almadi, Majid Abdulrahman Hamad, Almasi, Ali, Almasi-Hashiani, Amir, Almasri, Nihad A, Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M, Almulhim, Abdulaziz M, Alonso, Jordi, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J, Amini, Saeed, Amini-Rarani, Mostafa, Amiri, Fatemeh, Amit, Arianna Maever L, Amugsi, Dickson A, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderlini, Deanna, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Androudi, Sofia, Ansari, Fereshteh, Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Antony, Catherine M, Antriyandarti, Ernoiz, Anvari, Davood, Anwer, Razique, Arabloo, Jalal, Arab-Zozani, Morteza, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Aremu, Olatunde, Ärnlöv, Johan, Asaad, Malke, Asadi-Aliabadi, Mehran, Asadi-Pooya, Ali A, Ashbaugh, Charlie, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atout, Maha Moh'd Wahbi, Ausloos, Marcel, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Ayano, Getinet, Ayanore, Martin Amogre, Aynalem, Yared Asmare, Aynalem, Getie Lake, Ayza, Muluken Altaye, Azari, Samad, Azzopardi, Peter S, B, Darshan B, Babaee, Ebrahim, Badiye, Ashish D, Bahrami, Mohammad Amin, Baig, Atif Amin, Bakhshaei, Mohammad Hossein, Bakhtiari, Ahad, Bakkannavar, Shankar M, Balachandran, Arun, Balassyano, Shelly, Banach, Maciej, Banerjee, Srikanta K, Banik, Palash Chandra, Bante, Agegnehu Bante, Bante, Simachew Animen, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barrero, Lope H, Bassat, Quique, Basu, Sanjay, Baune, Bernhard T, Bayati, Mohsen, Baye, Bayisa Abdissa, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Behzadifar, Masoud, Bekuma, Tariku Tesfaye Tesfaye, Bell, Michelle L, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berman, Adam E, Bernabe, Eduardo, Bernstein, Robert S, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhandari, Dinesh, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhat, Anusha Ganapati, Bhattacharyya, Krittika, Bhattarai, Suraj, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bijani, Ali, Bikbov, Bori, Bilano, Ver, Biondi, Antonio, Birihane, Binyam Minuye, Bockarie, Moses John, Bohlouli, Somayeh, Bojia, Hunduma Amensisa, Bolla, Srinivasa Rao Rao, Boloor, Archith, Brady, Oliver J, Braithwaite, Dejana, Briant, Paul Svitil, Briggs, Andrew M, Briko, Nikolay Ivanovich, Burugina Nagaraja, Sharath, Busse, Reinhard, Butt, Zahid A, Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carreras, Giulia, Carrero, Juan J, Carvalho, Felix, Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Castelpietra, Giulio, Castro, Franz, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Causey, Kate, Cederroth, Christopher R, Cercy, Kelly M, Cerin, Ester, Chandan, Joht Singh, Chang, Angela Y, Charan, Jaykaran, Chattu, Vijay Kumar, Chaturvedi, Sarika, Chin, Ken Lee, Cho, Daniel Youngwhan, Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine, Christensen, Hanne, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chung, Michael T, Ciobanu, Liliana G, Cirillo, Massimo, Comfort, Haley, Compton, Kelly, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Costa, Vera Marisa, Cousin, Ewerton, Dahlawi, Saad M A, Damiani, Giovanni, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Darega Gela, Jiregna, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Daryani, Ahmad, Dash, Aditya Prasad, Davey, Gail, Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto, Davletov, Kairat, De Neve, Jan-Walter, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, Deribe, Kebede, Dervenis, Nikolao, Desai, Rupak, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dhungana, Govinda Prasad, Dianatinasab, Mostafa, Dias da Silva, Diana, Diaz, Daniel, Dippenaar, Ilse N, Do, Hoa Thi, Dorostkar, Fariba, Doshmangir, Leila, Duncan, Bruce B, Duraes, Andre Rodrigue, Eagan, Arielle Wilder, Edvardsson, David, El Sayed, Iman, El Tantawi, Maha, Elgendy, Islam Y, Elyazar, Iqbal RF, Eskandari, Khalil, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esmaeilnejad, Saman, Esteghamati, Alireza, Ezekannagha, Oluchi, Farag, Tamer, Farahmand, Mohammad, Faraon, Emerito Jose A, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sá, Farioli, Andrea, Faris, Pawan Sirwan, Faro, Andre, Fazlzadeh, Mehdi, Feigin, Valery L, Fernandes, Eduarda, Ferrara, Pietro, Feyissa, Garumma Tolu, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Fisher, James L, Flor, Luisa Sorio, Foigt, Nataliya A, Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Fomenkov, Artem Alekseevich, Foroutan, Masoud, Francis, Joel Msafiri, Fu, Weijia, Fukumoto, Takeshi, Furtado, João M, Gad, Mohamed M, Gaidhane, Abhay Motiramji, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Galles, Natalie C, Gallus, Silvano, Gardner, William M, Geberemariyam, Biniyam Sahiledengle, Gebrehiwot, Abiyu Mekonnen, Gebremeskel, Leake G, Gebremeskel, Gebreamlak Gebremedhn, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Ghadiri, Keyghobad, Ghafourifard, Mansour, Ghashghaee, Ahmad, Ghith, Nermin, Gholamian, Asadollah, Gilani, Syed Amir, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gill, Tiffany K, Ginindza, Themba G, Gitimoghaddam, Mojgan, Giussani, Giorgia, Glagn, Mustefa, Gnedovskaya, Elena V, Godinho, Myron Anthony, Goharinezhad, Salime, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Goudarzian, Amir Hossein, Goulart, Bárbara Niegia Garcia, Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen, Guimarães, Rafael Alve, Guled, Rashid Abdi, Gultie, Teklemariam, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Rahul, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hafiz, Abdul, Haile, Teklehaimanot Gereziher, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hameed, Sajid, Hamidi, Samer, Han, Chieh, Han, Hannah, Handiso, Demelash Woldeyohanne, Hanif, Asif, Hankey, Graeme J, Haro, Josep Maria, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasan, Md Mehedi, Hashi, Abdiwahab, Hassan, Shoaib, Hassan, Amr, Hassanipour, Soheil, Hassankhani, Hadi, Havmoeller, Rasmus J, Hay, Simon I, Hayat, Khezar, Heidari, Golnaz, Heidari-Soureshjani, Reza, Hendrie, Delia, Herteliu, Claudiu, Hird, Thomas R, Ho, Hung Chak, Hole, Michael K, Holla, Ramesh, Hollingsworth, Bruce, Hoogar, Praveen, Hopf, Kathleen Pillsbury, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hossain, Naznin, Hosseini, Mostafa, Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hostiuc, Sorin, Househ, Mowafa, Hsieh, Vivian Chia-rong, Hu, Guoqing, Huda, Tanvir M, Humayun, Ayesha, Hwang, Bing-Fang, Iavicoli, Ivo, Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel, Ikeda, Nayu, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Ilic, Irena M, Ilic, Milena D, Inbaraj, Leeberk Raja, Iqbal, Usman, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Irvine, Caleb Mackay Salpeter, Islam, M Mofizul, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Islami, Farhad, Iso, Hiroyasu, Iwu, Chinwe Juliana, Iwu, Chidozie C D, Jaafari, Jalil, Jadidi-Niaragh, Farhad, Jafarinia, Morteza, Jahagirdar, Deepa, Jahani, Mohammad Ali, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Janjani, Hosna, Javaheri, Tahereh, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, Jenabi, Ensiyeh, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jha, Vivekanand, Ji, John S, Jia, Peng, John-Akinola, Yetunde O, Jonas, Jost B, Joukar, Farahnaz, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Zubair, Kalankesh, Leila R, Kalhor, Rohollah, Kamath, Aruna M, Kanchan, Tanuj, Kapoor, Neeti, Karami Matin, Behzad, Karanikolos, Marina, Karimi, Seyed M, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kayode, Gbenga A, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khammarnia, Mohammad, Khan, Maseer, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khang, Young-Ho, Khatab, Khaled, Khater, Amir M, Khater, Mona M, Khatib, Mahalaqua Nazli, Khayamzadeh, Maryam, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kianipour, Neda, Kim, Young-Eun, Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kinfu, Yohanne, Kisa, Adnan, Kissimova-Skarbek, Katarzyna, Kivimäki, Mika, Kneib, Cameron J, Kocarnik, Jonathan M, Kochhar, Sonali, Kohler, Stefan, Kopec, Jacek A, Korotkova, Anna V, Korshunov, Vladimir Andreevich, Kosen, Soewarta, Kotlo, Anirudh, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Krohn, Kris J, Kugbey, Nuworza, Kulkarni, Vaman, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Nithin, Kumar, Manasi, Kurmi, Om P, Kusuma, Dian, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, La Vecchia, Carlo, Lacey, Ben, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Landires, Iván, Lansingh, Van Charle, Larsson, Anders O, Lasrado, Savita, Lau, Kathryn Mei-Ming, Lauriola, Paolo, Lazarus, Jeffrey V, Ledesma, Jorge R, Lee, Paul H, Lee, Shaun Wen Huey, Leever, Andrew T, Legrand, Kate E, Leigh, Jame, Leonardi, Matilde, Li, Shanshan, Lim, Stephen S, Lim, Lee-Ling, Liu, Xuefeng, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Lopez, Alan D, Lopukhov, Platon D, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lu, Alton, Ma, Jianing, Madadin, Mohammed, Mahasha, Phetole Walter, Mahmoudi, Morteza, Majeed, Azeem, Malagón-Rojas, Jeadran N, Maleki, Shokofeh, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mansouri, Borhan, Mansournia, Mohammad Ali, Martini, Santi, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Martopullo, Ira, Massenburg, Benjamin Ballard, Mastrogiacomo, Claudia I, Mathur, Manu Raj, Mcalinden, Colm, Mckee, Martin, Medina-Solís, Carlo Eduardo, Meharie, Birhanu Geta, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Mehrabi Nasab, Entezar, Mehri, Fereshteh, Mehrotra, Ravi, Mekonnen, Teferi, Melese, Addisu, Memiah, Peter T N, Mendoza, Walter, Menezes, Ritesh G, Mensah, George A, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Meretoja, Atte, Mestrovic, Tomislav, Miazgowski, Bartosz, Michalek, Irmina Maria, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Mirzaei, Maryam, Mirzaei-Alavijeh, Mehdi, Mitchell, Philip B, Moazen, Babak, Moghadaszadeh, Masoud, Mohamadi, Efat, Mohammad, Yousef, Mohammad, Dara K, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, Naser, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, Abdollah, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohammed, Jemal Abdu, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Mondello, Stefania, Moradi, Masoud, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moradzadeh, Rahmatollah, Moraga, Paula, Morgado-da-Costa, Joana, Morrison, Shane Dougla, Mosapour, Abba, Mosser, Jonathan F, Mousavi Khaneghah, Amin, Muriithi, Moses K, Mustafa, Ghulam, Nabhan, Ashraf F, Naderi, Mehdi, Nagarajan, Ahamarshan Jayaraman, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naghshtabrizi, Behshad, Naimzada, Mukhammad David, Nangia, Vinay, Nansseu, Jobert Richie, Nayak, Vinod C, Nazari, Javad, Ndejjo, Rawlance, Negoi, Ionut, Negoi, Ruxandra Irina, Neupane, Suba, Ngari, Kiirithio N, Nguefack-Tsague, George, Ngunjiri, Josephine W, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Diep Ngoc, Nguyen, Huong Lan Thi, Nnaji, Chukwudi A, Nomura, Shuhei, Norheim, Ole F, Noubiap, Jean Jacque, Nowak, Christoph, Nunez-Samudio, Virginia, Otoiu, Adrian, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oghenetega, Onome Bright, Oh, In-Hwan, Okunga, Emmanuel Wandera, Oladnabi, Morteza, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Oluwasanu, Mojisola Morenike, Omar Bali, Ahmed, Omer, Muktar Omer, Ong, Kanyin L, Onwujekwe, Obinna E, Ortega-Altamirano, Doris V V, Ortiz, Alberto, Ostojic, Sergej M, Otstavnov, Nikita, Otstavnov, Stanislav S, Øverland, Simon, Owolabi, Mayowa O, Padubidri, Jagadish Rao., Pakhale, Smita, Palladino, Raffaele, Pana, Adrian, Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra, Pangaribuan, Helena Ullyartha, Pathak, Mona, Patton, George C, Paudel, Sagun, Pazoki Toroudi, Hamidreza, Pease, Spencer A, Peden, Amy E, Pennini, Alyssa, Peprah, Emmanuel K, Pereira, Jeevan, Pigott, David M, Pilgrim, Thoma, Pilz, Tessa M, Pinheiro, Marina, Piradov, Michael A, Pirsaheb, Meghdad, Pokhrel, Khem Narayan, Postma, Maarten J, Pourjafar, Hadi, Pourmalek, Farshad, Pourmirza Kalhori, Reza, Pourshams, Akram, Prada, Sergio I, Pribadi, Dimas Ria Angga, Pupillo, Elisabetta, Quazi Syed, Zahiruddin, Radfar, Amir, Rafiee, Ata, Rafiei, Alireza, Raggi, Alberto, Rahim, Fakher, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rajabpour-Sanati, Ali, Rana, Saleem Muhammad, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rao, Sowmya J, Rasella, Davide, Rashedi, Vahid, Rath, Goura Kishor, Rathi, Priya, Rawaf, Salman, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawal, Lal, Rawassizadeh, Reza, Razo, Christian, Renjith, Vishnu, Renzaho, Andre M N, Reshmi, Bhageerathy, Rezaei, Nima, Riahi, Seyed Mohammad, Ribeiro, Daniel Cury, Rickard, Jennifer, Roberts, Nicholas L S, Roever, Leonardo, Romoli, Michele, Ronfani, Luca, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rubagotti, Enrico, Rwegerera, Godfrey M, Sabour, Siamak, Sachdev, Perminder S, Saddik, Basema, Sadeghi, Masoumeh, Sadeghi, Ehsan, Safari, Yahya, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Sajadi, S. Mohammad, Salahshoor, Mohammad Reza, Salem, Marwa R Rashad, Salem, Hosni, Salomon, Joshua, Samadi Kafil, Hossein, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan, Santric-Milicevic, Milena M, Saraswathy, Sivan Yegnanarayana Iyer, Sarmiento-Suárez, Rodrigo, Sartorius, Benn, Sarveazad, Arash, Sathian, Brijesh, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, Sattin, Davide, Savic, Miloje, Sawyer, Susan M, Saxena, Deepak, Sbarra, Alyssa N, Schaeffer, Lauren E, Schiavolin, Silvia, Schmidt, Maria Inê, Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, Schwebel, David C, Schwendicke, Falk, Seedat, Soraya, Sha, Feng, Shahabi, Saeed, Shaheen, Amira A, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Shannawaz, Mohammed, Sharafi, Kiomar, Sharara, Fablina, Sharifi, Hamid, Shaw, David H, Sheikh, Aziz, Sheikhtaheri, Abba, Shetty, B Suresh Kumar, Shibuya, Kenji, Shiferaw, Wondimeneh Shibabaw, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Jae Il, Shiri, Rahman, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shivakumar, K M, Shrime, Mark G, Shuval, Kerem, Siabani, Soraya, Sierpinski, Radoslaw, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Sigurvinsdottir, Rannveig, Silva, Diego Augusto Santo, Silva, João Pedro, Simonetti, Biagio, Simpson, Kyle E, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Pushpendra, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Smith, Emma U R, Soheili, Amin, Soltani, Shahin, Soofi, Moslem, Sorensen, Reed J. D., Soriano, Joan B, Sorrie, Muluken Bekele, Soyiri, Ireneous N, Spurlock, Emma Elizabeth, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Steel, Nichola, Stein, Caroline, Stokes, Mark A, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Suleria, Hafiz Ansar Rasul, Sultan, Iyad, Szumowski, Łukasz, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabuchi, Takahiro, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Taddele, Biruk Wogayehu, Tadesse, Degena Bahrey, Taherkhani, Amir, Tamiru, Animut Tagele, Tanser, Frank C, Tareque, Md Ismail, Tarigan, Ingan Ukur, Teagle, Whitney L, Tediosi, Fabrizio, Tefera, Yonas Getaye Getaye, Tela, Freweini Gebrearegay, Tessema, Zemenu Tadesse, Thakur, Bhaskar, Titova, Mariya Vladimirovna, Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Topouzis, Foti, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto Roberto, Tran, Bach Xuan, Travillian, Ravensara, Troeger, Christopher E, Tudor Car, Lorainne, Uddin, Riaz, Ullah, Irfan, Umeokonkwo, Chukwuma David, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Upadhyay, Era, Uthman, Olalekan A, Vacante, Marco, Valdez, Pascual R, Varughese, Santosh, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Vasseghian, Yasser, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Violante, Francesco S, Vlassov, Vasily, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vongpradith, Avina, Vos, Theo, Waheed, Yasir, Walters, Magdalene K, Wamai, Richard G, Wang, Haidong, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Weintraub, Robert G, Weiss, Jordan, Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, Wilner, Lauren B, Woldu, Gebremariam, Wolfe, Charles D A, Wu, Ai-Min, Wulf Hanson, Sarah, Xie, Yang, Xu, Rixing, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, Seyed Hossein, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yano, Yuichiro, Yaya, Sanni, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Vahid, Yearwood, Jamal A, Yeshitila, Yordanos Gizachew, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yousefi, Zabihollah, Yousefinezhadi, Taraneh, Yusefzadeh, Hasan, Zadey, Siddhesh, Zahirian Moghadam, Telma, Zaidi, Syed Saoud, Zaki, Leila, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zamani, Mohammad, Zamanian, Maryam, Zandian, Hamed, Zastrozhin, Mikhail Sergeevich, Zewdie, Kaleab Alemayehu, Zhang, Yunquan, Zhao, Xiu-Ju George, Zhao, Yingxi, Zheng, Peng, Zhu, Cong, Ziapour, Arash, Zlavog, Bianca S, Zodpey, Sanjay, Murray, Christopher J L, Lacey, B, Sartorius, B, Sálfræðideild (HR), Department of Psychology (RU), Samfélagssvið (HR), School of Social Sciences (RU), Háskólinn í Reykjavík, Reykjavik University, Lozano, R, Fullman, N, Mumford, J, Knight, M, Barthelemy, C, Abbafati, C, Abbastabar, H, Abd-Allah, F, Abdollahi, M, Abedi, A, Abolhassani, H, Abosetugn, A, Abreu, L, Abrigo, M, Abu Haimed, A, Abushouk, A, Adabi, M, Adebayo, O, Adekanmbi, V, Adelson, J, Adetokunboh, O, Adham, D, Advani, S, Afshin, A, Agarwal, G, Agasthi, P, Aghamir, S, Agrawal, A, Ahmad, T, Akinyemi, R, Alahdab, F, Al-Aly, Z, Alam, K, Albertson, S, Alemu, Y, Alhassan, R, Ali, M, Ali, S, Alipour, V, Aljunid, S, Alla, F, Almadi, M, Almasi, A, Almasi-Hashiani, A, Almasri, N, Al-Mekhlafi, H, Almulhim, A, Alonso, J, Al-Raddadi, R, Altirkawi, K, Alvis-Guzman, N, Alvis-Zakzuk, N, Amini, S, Amini-Rarani, M, Amiri, F, Amit, A, Amugsi, D, Ancuceanu, R, Anderlini, D, Andrei, C, Androudi, S, Ansari, F, Ansari-Moghaddam, A, Antonio, C, Antony, C, Antriyandarti, E, Anvari, D, Anwer, R, Arabloo, J, Arab-Zozani, M, Aravkin, A, Aremu, O, Ärnlöv, J, Asaad, M, Asadi-Aliabadi, M, Asadi-Pooya, A, Ashbaugh, C, Athari, S, Atout, M, Ausloos, M, Avila-Burgos, L, Ayala Quintanilla, B, Ayano, G, Ayanore, M, Aynalem, Y, Aynalem, G, Ayza, M, Azari, S, Azzopardi, P, B, D, Babaee, E, Badiye, A, Bahrami, M, Baig, A, Bakhshaei, M, Bakhtiari, A, Bakkannavar, S, Balachandran, A, Balassyano, S, Banach, M, Banerjee, S, Banik, P, Bante, A, Bante, S, Barker-Collo, S, Bärnighausen, T, Barrero, L, Bassat, Q, Basu, S, Baune, B, Bayati, M, Baye, B, Bedi, N, Beghi, E, Behzadifar, M, Bekuma, T, Bell, M, Bensenor, I, Berman, A, Bernabe, E, Bernstein, R, Bhagavathula, A, Bhandari, D, Bhardwaj, P, Bhat, A, Bhattacharyya, K, Bhattarai, S, Bhutta, Z, Bijani, A, Bikbov, B, Bilano, V, Biondi, A, Birihane, B, Bockarie, M, Bohlouli, S, Bojia, H, Bolla, S, Boloor, A, Brady, O, Braithwaite, D, Briant, P, Briggs, A, Briko, N, Burugina Nagaraja, S, Busse, R, Butt, Z, Caetano dos Santos, F, Cahuana-Hurtado, L, Cámera, L, Cárdenas, R, Carreras, G, Carrero, J, Carvalho, F, Castaldelli-Maia, J, Castañeda-Orjuela, C, Castelpietra, G, Castro, F, Catalá-López, F, Causey, K, Cederroth, C, Cercy, K, Cerin, E, Chandan, J, Chang, A, Charan, J, Chattu, V, Chaturvedi, S, Chin, K, Cho, D, Choi, J, Christensen, H, Chu, D, Chung, M, Ciobanu, L, Cirillo, M, Comfort, H, Compton, K, Cortesi, P, Costa, V, Cousin, E, Dahlawi, S, Damiani, G, Dandona, L, Dandona, R, Darega Gela, J, Darwesh, A, Daryani, A, Dash, A, Davey, G, Dávila-Cervantes, C, Davletov, K, De Neve, J, Denova-Gutiérrez, E, Deribe, K, Dervenis, N, Desai, R, Dharmaratne, S, Dhungana, G, Dianatinasab, M, Dias da Silva, D, Diaz, D, Dippenaar, I, Do, H, Dorostkar, F, Doshmangir, L, Duncan, B, Duraes, A, Eagan, A, Edvardsson, D, El Sayed, I, El Tantawi, M, Elgendy, I, Elyazar, I, Eskandari, K, Eskandarieh, S, Esmaeilnejad, S, Esteghamati, A, Ezekannagha, O, Farag, T, Farahmand, M, Faraon, E, Farinha, C, Farioli, A, Faris, P, Faro, A, Fazlzadeh, M, Feigin, V, Fernandes, E, Ferrara, P, Feyissa, G, Filip, I, Fischer, F, Fisher, J, Flor, L, Foigt, N, Folayan, M, Fomenkov, A, Foroutan, M, Francis, J, Fu, W, Fukumoto, T, Furtado, J, Gad, M, Gaidhane, A, Gakidou, E, Galles, N, Gallus, S, Gardner, W, Geberemariyam, B, Gebrehiwot, A, Gebremeskel, L, Gebremeskel, G, Gesesew, H, Ghadiri, K, Ghafourifard, M, Ghashghaee, A, Ghith, N, Gholamian, A, Gilani, S, Gill, P, Gill, T, Ginindza, T, Gitimoghaddam, M, Giussani, G, Glagn, M, Gnedovskaya, E, Godinho, M, Goharinezhad, S, Gopalani, S, Goudarzian, A, Goulart, B, Gubari, M, Guimarães, R, Guled, R, Gultie, T, Guo, Y, Gupta, R, Hafezi-Nejad, N, Hafiz, A, Haile, T, Hamadeh, R, Hameed, S, Hamidi, S, Han, C, Han, H, Handiso, D, Hanif, A, Hankey, G, Haro, J, Hasaballah, A, Hasan, M, Hashi, A, Hassan, S, Hassan, A, Hassanipour, S, Hassankhani, H, Havmoeller, R, Hay, S, Hayat, K, Heidari, G, Heidari-Soureshjani, R, Hendrie, D, Herteliu, C, Hird, T, Ho, H, Hole, M, Holla, R, Hollingsworth, B, Hoogar, P, Hopf, K, Horita, N, Hossain, N, Hosseini, M, Hosseinzadeh, M, Hostiuc, M, Hostiuc, S, Househ, M, Hsieh, V, Hu, G, Huda, T, Humayun, A, Hwang, B, Iavicoli, I, Ibitoye, S, Ikeda, N, Ilesanmi, O, Ilic, I, Ilic, M, Inbaraj, L, Iqbal, U, Irvani, S, Irvine, C, Islam, M, Islam, S, Islami, F, Iso, H, Iwu, C, Jaafari, J, Jadidi-Niaragh, F, Jafarinia, M, Jahagirdar, D, Jahani, M, Jahanmehr, N, Jakovljevic, M, Janjani, H, Javaheri, T, Jayatilleke, A, Jenabi, E, Jha, R, Jha, V, Ji, J, Jia, P, John-Akinola, Y, Jonas, J, Joukar, F, Jozwiak, J, Jürisson, M, Kabir, Z, Kalankesh, L, Kalhor, R, Kamath, A, Kanchan, T, Kapoor, N, Karami Matin, B, Karanikolos, M, Karimi, S, Kassebaum, N, Katikireddi, S, Kayode, G, Keiyoro, P, Khader, Y, Khammarnia, M, Khan, M, Khan, E, Khang, Y, Khatab, K, Khater, A, Khater, M, Khatib, M, Khayamzadeh, M, Khubchandani, J, Kianipour, N, Kim, Y, Kimokoti, R, Kinfu, Y, Kisa, A, Kissimova-Skarbek, K, Kivimäki, M, Kneib, C, Kocarnik, J, Kochhar, S, Kohler, S, Kopec, J, Korotkova, A, Korshunov, V, Kosen, S, Kotlo, A, Koul, P, Koyanagi, A, Krishan, K, Krohn, K, Kugbey, N, Kulkarni, V, Kumar, G, Kumar, N, Kumar, M, Kurmi, O, Kusuma, D, Kyu, H, La Vecchia, C, Lal, D, Lalloo, R, Landires, I, Lansingh, V, Larsson, A, Lasrado, S, Lau, K, Lauriola, P, Lazarus, J, Ledesma, J, Lee, P, Lee, S, Leever, A, Legrand, K, Leigh, J, Leonardi, M, Li, S, Lim, S, Lim, L, Liu, X, Logroscino, G, Lopez, A, Lopukhov, P, Lotufo, P, Lu, A, Ma, J, Madadin, M, Mahasha, P, Mahmoudi, M, Majeed, A, Malagón-Rojas, J, Maleki, S, Malta, D, Mansouri, B, Mansournia, M, Martini, S, Martins-Melo, F, Martopullo, I, Massenburg, B, Mastrogiacomo, C, Mathur, M, Mcalinden, C, Mckee, M, Medina-Solís, C, Meharie, B, Mehndiratta, M, Mehrabi Nasab, E, Mehri, F, Mehrotra, R, Mekonnen, T, Melese, A, Memiah, P, Mendoza, W, Menezes, R, Mensah, G, Meretoja, T, Meretoja, A, Mestrovic, T, Miazgowski, B, Michalek, I, Mirrakhimov, E, Mirzaei, M, Mirzaei-Alavijeh, M, Mitchell, P, Moazen, B, Moghadaszadeh, M, Mohamadi, E, Mohammad, Y, Mohammad, D, Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, N, Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A, Mohammed, S, Mohammed, J, Mokdad, A, Monasta, L, Mondello, S, Moradi, M, Moradi-Lakeh, M, Moradzadeh, R, Moraga, P, Morgado-da-Costa, J, Morrison, S, Mosapour, A, Mosser, J, Mousavi Khaneghah, A, Muriithi, M, Mustafa, G, Nabhan, A, Naderi, M, Nagarajan, A, Naghavi, M, Naghshtabrizi, B, Naimzada, M, Nangia, V, Nansseu, J, Nayak, V, Nazari, J, Ndejjo, R, Negoi, I, Negoi, R, Neupane, S, Ngari, K, Nguefack-Tsague, G, Ngunjiri, J, Nguyen, C, Nguyen, D, Nguyen, H, Nnaji, C, Nomura, S, Norheim, O, Noubiap, J, Nowak, C, Nunez-Samudio, V, Otoiu, A, Ogbo, F, Oghenetega, O, Oh, I, Okunga, E, Oladnabi, M, Olagunju, A, Olusanya, J, Olusanya, B, Oluwasanu, M, Omar Bali, A, Omer, M, Ong, K, Onwujekwe, O, Ortega-Altamirano, D, Ortiz, A, Ostojic, S, Otstavnov, N, Otstavnov, S, Øverland, S, Owolabi, M, Padubidri, J, Pakhale, S, Palladino, R, Pana, A, Panda-Jonas, S, Pangaribuan, H, Pathak, M, Patton, G, Paudel, S, Pazoki Toroudi, H, Pease, S, Peden, A, Pennini, A, Peprah, E, Pereira, J, Pigott, D, Pilgrim, T, Pilz, T, Pinheiro, M, Piradov, M, Pirsaheb, M, Pokhrel, K, Postma, M, Pourjafar, H, Pourmalek, F, Pourmirza Kalhori, R, Pourshams, A, Prada, S, Pribadi, D, Pupillo, E, Quazi Syed, Z, Radfar, A, Rafiee, A, Rafiei, A, Raggi, A, Rahim, F, Rahman, M, Rajabpour-Sanati, A, Rana, S, Ranabhat, C, Rao, S, Rasella, D, Rashedi, V, Rath, G, Rathi, P, Rawaf, S, Rawaf, D, Rawal, L, Rawassizadeh, R, Razo, C, Renjith, V, Renzaho, A, Reshmi, B, Rezaei, N, Riahi, S, Ribeiro, D, Rickard, J, Roberts, N, Roever, L, Romoli, M, Ronfani, L, Roshandel, G, Rubagotti, E, Rwegerera, G, Sabour, S, Sachdev, P, Saddik, B, Sadeghi, M, Sadeghi, E, Safari, Y, Sagar, R, Sahebkar, A, Sahraian, M, Sajadi, S, Salahshoor, M, Salem, M, Salem, H, Salomon, J, Samadi Kafil, H, Samy, A, Sanabria, J, Santric-Milicevic, M, Saraswathy, S, Sarmiento-Suárez, R, Sarveazad, A, Sathian, B, Sathish, T, Sattin, D, Savic, M, Sawyer, S, Saxena, D, Sbarra, A, Schaeffer, L, Schiavolin, S, Schmidt, M, Schutte, A, Schwebel, D, Schwendicke, F, Seedat, S, Sha, F, Shahabi, S, Shaheen, A, Shaikh, M, Shamsizadeh, M, Shannawaz, M, Sharafi, K, Sharara, F, Sharifi, H, Shaw, D, Sheikh, A, Sheikhtaheri, A, Shetty, B, Shibuya, K, Shiferaw, W, Shigematsu, M, Shin, J, Shiri, R, Shirkoohi, R, Shivakumar, K, Shrime, M, Shuval, K, Siabani, S, Sierpinski, R, Sigfusdottir, I, Sigurvinsdottir, R, Silva, D, Silva, J, Simonetti, B, Simpson, K, Singh, J, Singh, P, Sinha, D, Skryabin, V, Smith, E, Soheili, A, Soltani, S, Soofi, M, Sorensen, R, Soriano, J, Sorrie, M, Soyiri, I, Spurlock, E, Sreeramareddy, C, Stanaway, J, Steel, N, Stein, C, Stokes, M, Sufiyan, M, Suleria, H, Sultan, I, Szumowski, Ł, Tabarés-Seisdedos, R, Tabuchi, T, Tadakamadla, S, Taddele, B, Tadesse, D, Taherkhani, A, Tamiru, A, Tanser, F, Tareque, M, Tarigan, I, Teagle, W, Tediosi, F, Tefera, Y, Tela, F, Tessema, Z, Thakur, B, Titova, M, Tonelli, M, Topor-Madry, R, Topouzis, F, Tovani-Palone, M, Tran, B, Travillian, R, Troeger, C, Tudor Car, L, Uddin, R, Ullah, I, Umeokonkwo, C, Unnikrishnan, B, Upadhyay, E, Uthman, O, Vacante, M, Valdez, P, Varughese, S, Vasankari, T, Vasseghian, Y, Venketasubramanian, N, Violante, F, Vlassov, V, Vollset, S, Vongpradith, A, Vos, T, Waheed, Y, Walters, M, Wamai, R, Wang, H, Wang, Y, Weintraub, R, Weiss, J, Werdecker, A, Westerman, R, Wilner, L, Woldu, G, Wolfe, C, Wu, A, Wulf Hanson, S, Xie, Y, Xu, R, Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S, Yamagishi, K, Yano, Y, Yaya, S, Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V, Yearwood, J, Yeshitila, Y, Yip, P, Yonemoto, N, Younis, M, Yousefi, Z, Yousefinezhadi, T, Yusefzadeh, H, Zadey, S, Zahirian Moghadam, T, Zaidi, S, Zaki, L, Zaman, S, Zamani, M, Zamanian, M, Zandian, H, Zastrozhin, M, Zewdie, K, Zhang, Y, Zhao, X, Zhao, Y, Zheng, P, Zhu, C, Ziapour, A, Zlavog, B, Zodpey, S, Murray, C, Tampere University, Health Sciences, 10922180 - Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, Lozano, R., Fullman, N., Mumford, J. E., Knight, M., Barthelemy, C. M., Abbafati, C., Abbastabar, H., Abd-Allah, F., Abdollahi, M., Abedi, A., Abolhassani, H., Abosetugn, A. E., Abreu, L. G., Abrigo, M. R. M., Abu Haimed, A. K., Abushouk, A. I., Adabi, M., Adebayo, O. M., Adekanmbi, V., Adelson, J., Adetokunboh, O. O., Adham, D., Advani, S. M., Afshin, A., Agarwal, G., Agasthi, P., Aghamir, S. M. K., Agrawal, A., Ahmad, T., Akinyemi, R. O., Alahdab, F., Al-Aly, Z., Alam, K., Albertson, S. B., Alemu, Y. M., Alhassan, R. K., Ali, M., Ali, S., Alipour, V., Aljunid, S. M., Alla, F., Almadi, M. A. H., Almasi, A., Almasi-Hashiani, A., Almasri, N. A., Al-Mekhlafi, H. M., Almulhim, A. M., Alonso, J., Al-Raddadi, R. M., Altirkawi, K. A., Alvis-Guzman, N., Alvis-Zakzuk, N. J., Amini, S., Amini-Rarani, M., Amiri, F., Amit, A. M. L., Amugsi, D. A., Ancuceanu, R., Anderlini, D., Andrei, C. L., Androudi, S., Ansari, F., Ansari-Moghaddam, A., Antonio, C. A. T., Antony, C. M., Antriyandarti, E., Anvari, D., Anwer, R., Arabloo, J., Arab-Zozani, M., Aravkin, A. Y., Aremu, O., Arnlov, J., Asaad, M., Asadi-Aliabadi, M., Asadi-Pooya, A. A., Athari, S. S., Atout, M. M. W., Ausloos, M., Avila-Burgos, L., Ayala Quintanilla, B. P., Ayano, G., Ayanore, M. A., Aynalem, Y. A., Aynalem, G. L., Ayza, M. A., Azari, S., Azzopardi, P. S., B, D. B., Babaee, E., Badiye, A. D., Bahrami, M. A., Baig, A. A., Bakhshaei, M. H., Bakhtiari, A., Bakkannavar, S. M., Balachandran, A., Banach, M., Banerjee, S. K., Banik, P. C., Bante, A. B., Bante, S. A., Barker-Collo, S. L., Barnighausen, T. W., Barrero, L. H., Bassat, Q., Basu, S., Baune, B. T., Bayati, M., Baye, B. A., Bedi, N., Beghi, E., Behzadifar, M., Bekuma, T. T. T., Bell, M. L., Bensenor, I. M., Berman, A. E., Bernabe, E., Bernstein, R. S., Bhagavathula, A. S., Bhandari, D., Bhardwaj, P., Bhat, A. G., Bhattacharyya, K., Bhattarai, S., Bhutta, Z. A., Bijani, A., Bikbov, B., Bilano, V., Biondi, A., Birihane, B. M., Bockarie, M. J., Bohlouli, S., Bojia, H. A., Bolla, S. R. R., Boloor, A., Brady, O. J., Braithwaite, D., Briggs, A. M., Briko, N. I., Burugina Nagaraja, S., Busse, R., Butt, Z. A., Caetano dos Santos, F. L., Cahuana-Hurtado, L., Camera, L. A., Cardenas, R., Carreras, G., Carrero, J. J., Carvalho, F., Castaldelli-Maia, J. M., Castaneda-Orjuela, C. A., Castelpietra, G., Castro, F., Catala-Lopez, F., Cederroth, C. R., Cerin, E., Chandan, J. S., Chang, A. Y., Charan, J., Chattu, V. K., Chaturvedi, S., Chin, K. L., Cho, D. Y., Choi, J. -Y. J., Christensen, H., Chu, D. -T., Chung, M. T., Ciobanu, L. G., Cirillo, M., Compton, K., Cortesi, P. A., Costa, V. M., Cousin, E., Dahlawi, S. M. A., Damiani, G., Dandona, L., Dandona, R., Darega Gela, J., Darwesh, A. M., Daryani, A., Dash, A. P., Davey, G., Davila-Cervantes, C. A., Davletov, K., De Neve, J. -W., Denova-Gutierrez, E., Deribe, K., Dervenis, N., Desai, R., Dharmaratne, S. D., Dhungana, G. P., Dianatinasab, M., Dias da Silva, D., Diaz, D., Dippenaar, I. N., Do, H. T., Dorostkar, F., Doshmangir, L., Duncan, B. B., Duraes, A. R., Eagan, A. W., Edvardsson, D., El Sayed, I., El Tantawi, M., Elgendy, I. Y., Elyazar, I. R., Eskandari, K., Eskandarieh, S., Esmaeilnejad, S., Esteghamati, A., Ezekannagha, O., Farag, T., Farahmand, M., Faraon, E. J. A., Farinha, C. S. E. S., Farioli, A., Faris, P. S., Faro, A., Fazlzadeh, M., Feigin, V. L., Fernandes, E., Ferrara, P., Feyissa, G. T., Filip, I., Fischer, F., Fisher, J. L., Flor, L. S., Foigt, N. A., Folayan, M. O., Fomenkov, A. A., Foroutan, M., Francis, J. M., Fu, W., Fukumoto, T., Furtado, J. M., Gad, M. M., Gaidhane, A. M., Gakidou, E., Galles, N. C., Gallus, S., Gardner, W. M., Geberemariyam, B. S., Gebrehiwot, A. M., Gebremeskel, L. G., Gebremeskel, G. G., Gesesew, H. A., Ghadiri, K., Ghafourifard, M., Ghashghaee, A., Ghith, N., Gholamian, A., Gilani, S. A., Gill, P. S., Gill, T. K., Ginindza, T. G., Gitimoghaddam, M., Giussani, G., Glagn, M., Gnedovskaya, E. V., Godinho, M. A., Goharinezhad, S., Gopalani, S. V., Goudarzian, A. H., Goulart, B. N. G., Gubari, M. I. M., Guimaraes, R. A., Guled, R. A., Gultie, T., Guo, Y., Gupta, R., Hafezi-Nejad, N., Hafiz, A., Haile, T. G., Hamadeh, R. R., Hameed, S., Hamidi, S., Han, C., Han, H., Handiso, D. W., Hanif, A., Hankey, G. J., Haro, J. M., Hasaballah, A. I., Hasan, M. M., Hashi, A., Hassan, S., Hassan, A., Hassanipour, S., Hassankhani, H., Havmoeller, R. J., Hay, S. I., Hayat, K., Heidari, G., Heidari-Soureshjani, R., Hendrie, D., Herteliu, C., Hird, T. R., Ho, H. C., Hole, M. K., Holla, R., Hoogar, P., Hopf, K. P., Horita, N., Hossain, N., Hosseini, M., Hosseinzadeh, M., Hostiuc, M., Hostiuc, S., Househ, M., Hsieh, V. C. -R., Hu, G., Huda, T. M., Humayun, A., Hwang, B. -F., Iavicoli, I., Ibitoye, S. E., Ikeda, N., Ilesanmi, O. S., Ilic, M. D., Inbaraj, L. R., Iqbal, U., Irvani, S. S. N., Irvine, C. M. S., Islam, M. M., Islam, S. M. S., Islami, F., Iso, H., Iwu, C. J., Jaafari, J., Jadidi-Niaragh, F., Jafarinia, M., Jahagirdar, D., Jahani, M. A., Jahanmehr, N., Jakovljevic, M., Janjani, H., Javaheri, T., Jayatilleke, A. U., Jenabi, E., Jha, R. P., Jha, V., Ji, J. S., Jia, P., John-Akinola, Y. O., Jonas, J. B., Joukar, F., Jozwiak, J. J., Jurisson, M., Kabir, Z., Kalankesh, L. R., Kalhor, R., Kamath, A. M., Kanchan, T., Kapoor, N., Karami Matin, B., Karanikolos, M., Karimi, S. M., Kassebaum, N. J., Katikireddi, S. V., Kayode, G. A., Keiyoro, P. N., Khader, Y. S., Khammarnia, M., Khan, M., Khan, E. A., Khang, Y. -H., Khatab, K., Khater, A. M., Khater, M. M., Khatib, M. N., Khayamzadeh, M., Khubchandani, J., Kianipour, N., Kim, Y. J., Kimokoti, R. W., Kinfu, Y., Kisa, A., Kissimova-Skarbek, K., Kivimaki, M., Kneib, C. J., Kocarnik, J. M., Kochhar, S., Kohler, S., Kopec, J. A., Korotkova, A. V., Korshunov, V. A., Kosen, S., Kotlo, A., Koul, P. A., Koyanagi, A., Krishan, K., Krohn, K. J., Kugbey, N., Kulkarni, V., Kumar, G. A., Kumar, N., Kumar, M., Kurmi, O. P., Kusuma, D., Kyu, H. H., La Vecchia, C., Lacey, B., Lal, D. K., Lalloo, R., Landires, I., Lansingh, V. C., Larsson, A. O., Lasrado, S., Lau, K. M. -M., Lauriola, P., Lazarus, J. V., Ledesma, J. R., Lee, P. H., Lee, S. W. H., Leever, A. T., Legrand, K. E., Leigh, J., Leonardi, M., Li, S., Lim, S. S., Lim, L. -L., Liu, X., Logroscino, G., Lopez, A. D., Lopukhov, P. D., Lotufo, P. A., Lu, A., Ma, J., Madadin, M., Mahasha, P. W., Mahmoudi, M., Majeed, A., Malagon-Rojas, J. N., Maleki, S., Malta, D. C., Mansouri, B., Mansournia, M. A., Martini, S., Martins-Melo, F. R., Martopullo, I., Massenburg, B. B., Mastrogiacomo, C. I., Mathur, M. R., Mcalinden, C., Mckee, M., Medina-Solis, C. E., Meharie, B. G., Mehndiratta, M. M., Mehrabi Nasab, E., Mehri, F., Mehrotra, R., Mekonnen, T., Melese, A., Memiah, P. T. N., Mendoza, W., Menezes, R. G., Mensah, G. A., Meretoja, T. J., Meretoja, A., Mestrovic, T., Miazgowski, B., Michalek, I. M., Mirrakhimov, E. M., Mirzaei, M., Mirzaei-Alavijeh, M., Mitchell, P. B., Moazen, B., Moghadaszadeh, M., Mohamadi, E., Mohammad, Y., Mohammad, D. K., Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, N., Mohammadian-Hafshejani, A., Mohammed, S., Mohammed, J. A., Mokdad, A. H., Monasta, L., Mondello, S., Moradi, M., Moradi-Lakeh, M., Moradzadeh, R., Moraga, P., Morgado-da-Costa, J., Morrison, S. D., Mosapour, A., Mosser, J. F., Mousavi Khaneghah, A., Muriithi, M. K., Mustafa, G., Nabhan, A. F., Naderi, M., Nagarajan, A. J., Naghavi, M., Naghshtabrizi, B., Naimzada, M. D., Nangia, V., Nansseu, J. R., Nayak, V. C., Nazari, J., Ndejjo, R., Negoi, I., Negoi, R. I., Neupane, S., Ngari, K. N., Nguefack-Tsague, G., Ngunjiri, J. W., Nguyen, C. T., Nguyen, D. N., Nguyen, H. L. T., Nnaji, C. A., Nomura, S., Norheim, O. F., Noubiap, J. J., Nowak, C., Nunez-Samudio, V., Otoiu, A., Ogbo, F. A., Oghenetega, O. B., Oh, I. -H., Okunga, E. W., Oladnabi, M., Olagunju, A. T., Olusanya, J. O., Olusanya, B. O., Oluwasanu, M. M., Omar Bali, A., Omer, M. O., Ong, K. L., Onwujekwe, O. E., Ortega-Altamirano, D. V. V., Ortiz, A., Ostojic, S. M., Otstavnov, N., Otstavnov, S. S., Overland, S., Owolabi, M. O., Padubidri, J. R., Pakhale, S., Palladino, R., Pana, A., Panda-Jonas, S., Pangaribuan, H. U., Pathak, M., Patton, G. C., Paudel, S., Pazoki Toroudi, H., Pease, S. A., Peden, A. E., Pennini, A., Peprah, E. K., Pereira, J., Pigott, D. M., Pilgrim, T., Pilz, T. M., Pinheiro, M., Piradov, M. A., Pirsaheb, M., Pokhrel, K. N., Postma, M. J., Pourjafar, H., Pourmalek, F., Pourmirza Kalhori, R., Pourshams, A., Prada, S. I., Pribadi, D. R. A., Pupillo, E., Quazi Syed, Z., Radfar, A., Rafiee, A., Rafiei, A., Raggi, A., Rahim, F., Rahman, M. A., Rajabpour-Sanati, A., Rana, S. M., Ranabhat, C. L., Rao, S. J., Rasella, D., Rashedi, V., Rath, G. K., Rathi, P., Rawaf, S., Rawaf, D. L., Rawal, L., Rawassizadeh, R., Razo, C., Renjith, V., Renzaho, A. M. N., Reshmi, B., Rezaei, N., Riahi, S. M., Ribeiro, D. C., Rickard, J., Roberts, N. L. S., Roever, L., Romoli, M., Ronfani, L., Roshandel, G., Rubagotti, E., Rwegerera, G. M., Sabour, S., Sachdev, P. S., Saddik, B., Sadeghi, M., Sadeghi, E., Safari, Y., Sagar, R., Sahebkar, A., Sahraian, M. A., Sajadi, S. M., Salahshoor, M. R., Salem, M. R. R., Salem, H., Salomon, J., Samadi Kafil, H., Samy, A. M., Sanabria, J., Santric-Milicevic, M. M., Saraswathy, S. Y. I., Sarmiento-Suarez, R., Sartorius, B., Sarveazad, A., Sathian, B., Sathish, T., Sattin, D., Savic, M., Sawyer, S. M., Saxena, D., Sbarra, A. N., Schaeffer, L. E., Schiavolin, S., Schmidt, M. I., Schutte, A. E., Schwebel, D. C., Schwendicke, F., Seedat, S., Sha, F., Shahabi, S., Shaheen, A. A., Shaikh, M. A., Shamsizadeh, M., Shannawaz, M., Sharafi, K., Sharara, F., Sharifi, H., Shaw, D. H., Sheikh, A., Sheikhtaheri, A., Shetty, B. S. K., Shibuya, K., Shiferaw, W. S., Shigematsu, M., Shin, J. I., Shiri, R., Shirkoohi, R., Shivakumar, K. M., Shrime, M. G., Shuval, K., Siabani, S., Sierpinski, R., Sigfusdottir, I. D., Sigurvinsdottir, R., Silva, D. A. S., Silva, J. P., Simonetti, B., Simpson, K. E., Singh, J. A., Singh, P., Sinha, D. N., Skryabin, V. Y., Smith, E. U. R., Soheili, A., Soltani, S., Soofi, M., Sorensen, R. J. D., Soriano, J. B., Sorrie, M. B., Soyiri, I. N., Spurlock, E. E., Sreeramareddy, C. T., Stanaway, J. D., Steel, N., Stein, C., Stokes, M. A., Sufiyan, M. B., Suleria, H. A. R., Sultan, I., Szumowski, L., Tabares-Seisdedos, R., Tabuchi, T., Tadakamadla, S. K., Taddele, B. W., Tadesse, D. B., Taherkhani, A., Tamiru, A. T., Tanser, F. C., Tareque, M. I., Tarigan, I. U., Teagle, W. L., Tediosi, F., Tefera, Y. G. G., Tela, F. G., Tessema, Z. T., Thakur, B., Titova, M. V., Tonelli, M., Topor-Madry, R., Topouzis, F., Tovani-Palone, M. R. R., Tran, B. X., Travillian, R., Troeger, C. E., Tudor Car, L., Uddin, R., Ullah, I., Umeokonkwo, C. D., Unnikrishnan, B., Upadhyay, E., Uthman, O. A., Vacante, M., Valdez, P. R., Varughese, S., Vasankari, T. J., Vasseghian, Y., Venketasubramanian, N., Violante, F. S., Vlassov, V., Vollset, S. E., Vongpradith, A., Vos, T., Waheed, Y., Walters, M. K., Wamai, R. G., Wang, H., Wang, Y. -P., Weintraub, R. G., Weiss, J., Werdecker, A., Westerman, R., Wilner, L. B., Woldu, G., Wolfe, C. D. A., Wu, A. -M., Wulf Hanson, S., Xie, Y., Yahyazadeh Jabbari, S. H., Yamagishi, K., Yano, Y., Yaya, S., Yazdi-Feyzabadi, V., Yearwood, J. A., Yeshitila, Y. G., Yip, P., Yonemoto, N., Younis, M. Z., Yousefi, Z., Yousefinezhadi, T., Yusefzadeh, H., Zadey, S., Zahirian Moghadam, T., Zaidi, S. S., Zaki, L., Zaman, S. B., Zamanian, M., Zandian, H., Zastrozhin, M. S., Zewdie, K. A., Zhang, Y., Zhao, X. -J. G., Zhao, Y., Zheng, P., Zhu, C., Ziapour, A., Zlavog, B. S., Zodpey, S., and Murray, C. J. L. more...
Subjects: Index (economics), Servicios de Salud, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, universal health coverage, sustaibale develpment goal, global burden of disease, performance, systematic analysis, Global Burden of Disease, 0302 clinical medicine, Universal Health Insurance, RA0421, 11. Sustainability, Per capita, Medical economics, Disease, 030212 general & internal medicine, 10. No inequality, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, effective coverage of health services, GBD 2019 Universal Health Coverage Collaborators, education.field_of_study, Public health, Medical care, Sjúkdómar, 4. Education, 1. No poverty, Health coverage, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, General Medicine, Hälsovetenskaper, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, Health services, 3. Good health, Global burden of disease, Health Expenditures, Humans, World Health Organization, Purchasing power parity, Scale (social sciences), Lýðheilsa, universal health coverag, CANCER SURVIVAL, ACCESS, Human, Heilsuhagfræði, medicine.medical_specialty, Health coverage, GBD, GBD, Universal health, GBD 2019, Population, Health expenditures, 3122 Cancers, Population health, 03 medical and health sciences, Health systems, Heilbrigðisvísindi, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, General & Internal Medicine, Development economics, Health Sciences, medicine, Heilbrigðisstefna, Alþjóðaheilbrigðisstofnunin, QUALITY, Global Burden of Disease Study, education, PROGRESS, Disease burden, Health services accessibility, CARE, Heilbrigðisþjónusta, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.00 [https], Health Expenditure, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, Morbility, Administración de los Servicios de Salud, Medical policy, Business, Heilbrigðiskerfi
Abstract: Publisher's version (útgefin grein), Background Achieving universal health coverage (UHC) involves all people receiving the health services they need, of high quality, without experiencing financial hardship. Making progress towards UHC is a policy priority for both countries and global institutions, as highlighted by the agenda of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and WHO's Thirteenth General Programme of Work (GPW13). Measuring effective coverage at the health-system level is important for understanding whether health services are aligned with countries' health profiles and are of sufficient quality to produce health gains for populations of all ages. Methods Based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we assessed UHC effective coverage for 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019. Drawing from a measurement framework developed through WHO's GPW13 consultation, we mapped 23 effective coverage indicators to a matrix representing health service types (eg, promotion, prevention, and treatment) and five population-age groups spanning from reproductive and newborn to older adults (>= 65 years). Effective coverage indicators were based on intervention coverage or outcome-based measures such as mortality-to-incidence ratios to approximate access to quality care; outcome-based measures were transformed to values on a scale of 0-100 based on the 2.5th and 97.5th percentile of location-year values. We constructed the UHC effective coverage index by weighting each effective coverage indicator relative to its associated potential health gains, as measured by disability-adjusted life-years for each location-year and population-age group. For three tests of validity (content, known-groups, and convergent), UHC effective coverage index performance was generally better than that of other UHC service coverage indices from WHO (ie, the current metric for SDG indicator 3.8.1 on UHC service coverage), the World Bank, and GBD 2017. We quantified frontiers of UHC effective coverage performance on the basis of pooled health spending per capita, representing UHC effective coverage index levels achieved in 2019 relative to country-level government health spending, prepaid private expenditures, and development assistance for health. To assess current trajectories towards the GPW13 UHC billion target-1 billion more people benefiting from UHC by 2023-we estimated additional population equivalents with UHC effective coverage from 2018 to 2023. Findings Globally, performance on the UHC effective coverage index improved from 45.8 (95% uncertainty interval 44.2-47.5) in 1990 to 60.3 (58.7-61.9) in 2019, yet country-level UHC effective coverage in 2019 still spanned from 95 or higher in Japan and Iceland to lower than 25 in Somalia and the Central African Republic. Since 2010, sub-Saharan Africa showed accelerated gains on the UHC effective coverage index (at an average increase of 2.6% [1.9-3.3] per year up to 2019); by contrast, most other GBD super-regions had slowed rates of progress in 2010-2019 relative to 1990-2010. Many countries showed lagging performance on effective coverage indicators for non-communicable diseases relative to those for communicable diseases and maternal and child health, despite non-communicable diseases accounting for a greater proportion of potential health gains in 2019, suggesting that many health systems are not keeping pace with the rising non-communicable disease burden and associated population health needs. In 2019, the UHC effective coverage index was associated with pooled health spending per capita (r=0.79), although countries across the development spectrum had much lower UHC effective coverage than is potentially achievable relative to their health spending. Under maximum efficiency of translating health spending into UHC effective coverage performance, countries would need to reach $1398 pooled health spending per capita (US$ adjusted for purchasing power parity) in order to achieve 80 on the UHC effective coverage index. From 2018 to 2023, an estimated 388.9 million (358.6-421.3) more population equivalents would have UHC effective coverage, falling well short of the GPW13 target of 1 billion more people benefiting from UHC during this time. Current projections point to an estimated 3.1 billion (3.0-3.2) population equivalents still lacking UHC effective coverage in 2023, with nearly a third (968.1 million [903.5-1040.3]) residing in south Asia. Interpretation The present study demonstrates the utility of measuring effective coverage and its role in supporting improved health outcomes for all people-the ultimate goal of UHC and its achievement. Global ambitions to accelerate progress on UHC service coverage are increasingly unlikely unless concerted action on non-communicable diseases occurs and countries can better translate health spending into improved performance. Focusing on effective coverage and accounting for the world's evolving health needs lays the groundwork for better understanding how close-or how far-all populations are in benefiting from UHC., Lucas Guimaraes Abreu acknowledges support from Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior -Brasil (Capes) -Finance Code 001, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq) and Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG). Olatunji O Adetokunboh acknowledges South African Department of Science & Innovation, and National Research Foundation. Anurag Agrawal acknowledges support from the Wellcome Trust DBT India Alliance Senior Fellowship IA/CPHS/14/1/501489. Rufus Olusola Akinyemi acknowledges Grant U01HG010273 from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) as part of the H3Africa Consortium. Rufus Olusola Akinyemi is further supported by the FLAIR fellowship funded by the UK Royal Society and the African Academy of Sciences. Syed Mohamed Aljunid acknowledges the Department of Health Policy and Management, Faculty of Public Health, Kuwait University and International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia for the approval and support to participate in this research project. Marcel Ausloos, Claudiu Herteliu, and Adrian Pana acknowledge partial support by a grant of the Romanian National Authority for Scientific Research and Innovation, CNDSUEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P4-ID-PCCF-2016-0084. Till Winfried Barnighausen acknowledges support from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through the Alexander von Humboldt Professor award, funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. Juan J Carrero was supported by the Swedish Research Council (2019-01059). Felix Carvalho acknowledges UID/MULTI/04378/2019 and UID/QUI/50006/2019 support with funding from FCT/MCTES through national funds. Vera Marisa Costa acknowledges support from grant (SFRH/BHD/110001/2015), received by Portuguese national funds through Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT), IP, under the Norma TransitA3ria DL57/2016/CP1334/CT0006. Jan-Walter De Neve acknowledges support from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation. Kebede Deribe acknowledges support by Wellcome Trust grant number 201900/Z/16/Z as part of his International Intermediate Fellowship. Claudiu Herteliu acknowledges partial support by a grant co-funded by European Fund for Regional Development through Operational Program for Competitiveness, Project ID P_40_382. Praveen Hoogar acknowledges the Centre for Bio Cultural Studies (CBiCS), Manipal Academy of Higher Education(MAHE), Manipal and Centre for Holistic Development and Research (CHDR), Kalghatgi. Bing-Fang Hwang acknowledges support from China Medical University (CMU108-MF-95), Taichung, Taiwan. Mihajlo Jakovljevic acknowledges the Serbian part of this GBD contribution was co-funded through the Grant OI175014 of the Ministry of Education Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia. Aruna M Kamath acknowledges funding from the National Institutes of Health T32 grant (T32GM086270). Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi acknowledges funding from the Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12017/13 & MC_UU_12017/15), Scottish Government Chief Scientist Office (SPHSU13 & SPHSU15) and an NRS Senior Clinical Fellowship (SCAF/15/02). Yun Jin Kim acknowledges support from the Research Management Centre, Xiamen University Malaysia (XMUMRF/2018-C2/ITCM/0001). Kewal Krishan acknowledges support from the DST PURSE grant and UGC Center of Advanced Study (CAS II) awarded to the Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. Manasi Kumar acknowledges support from K43 TW010716 Fogarty International Center/NIMH. Ben Lacey acknowledges support from the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre and the BHF Centre of Research Excellence, Oxford. Ivan Landires is a member of the Sistema Nacional de InvestigaciA3n (SNI), which is supported by the Secretaria Nacional de Ciencia Tecnologia e Innovacion (SENACYT), Panama. Jeffrey V Lazarus acknowledges support by a Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities Miguel Servet grant (Instituto de Salud Carlos III/ESF, European Union [CP18/00074]). Peter T N Memiah acknowledges CODESRIA; HISTP. Subas Neupane acknowledges partial support from the Competitive State Research Financing of the Expert Responsibility area of Tampere University Hospital. Shuhei Nomura acknowledges support from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan (18K10082). Alberto Ortiz acknowledges support by ISCIII PI19/00815, DTS18/00032, ISCIII-RETIC REDinREN RD016/0009 Fondos FEDER, FRIAT, Comunidad de Madrid B2017/BMD-3686 CIFRA2-CM. These funding sources had no role in the writing of the manuscript or the decision to submit it for publication. George C Patton acknowledges support from a National Health & Medical Research Council Fellowship. Marina Pinheiro acknowledges support from FCT for funding through program DL 57/2016 -Norma transitA3ria. Alberto Raggi, David Sattin, and Silvia Schiavolin acknowledge support by a grant from the Italian Ministry of Health (Ricerca Corrente, Fondazione Istituto Neurologico C Besta, Linea 4 -Outcome Research: dagli Indicatori alle Raccomandazioni Cliniche). Daniel Cury Ribeiro acknowledges support from the Sir Charles Hercus Health Research Fellowship -Health Research Council of New Zealand (18/111). Perminder S Sachdev acknowledges funding from the NHMRC Australia. Abdallah M Samy acknowledges support from a fellowship from the Egyptian Fulbright Mission Program. Milena M Santric-Milicevic acknowledges support from the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Contract No. 175087). Rodrigo Sarmiento-Suarez acknowledges institutional support from University of Applied and Environmental Sciences in Bogota, Colombia, and Carlos III Institute of Health in Madrid, Spain. Maria Ines Schmidt acknowledges grants from the Foundation for the Support of Research of the State of Rio Grande do Sul (IATS and PrInt) and the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam acknowledges a fellowship from the National Heart Foundation of Australia and Deakin University. Aziz Sheikh acknowledges support from Health Data Research UK. Kenji Shibuya acknowledges Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology. Joan B Soriano acknowledges support by Centro de Investigacion en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain. Rafael Tabares-Seisdedos acknowledges partial support from grant PI17/00719 from ISCIII-FEDER. Santosh Kumar Tadakamadla acknowledges support from the National Health and Medical Research Council Early Career Fellowship, Australia. Marcello Tonelli acknowledges the David Freeze Chair in Health Services Research at the University of Calgary, AB, Canada., "Peer Reviewed" more...
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

36. Pandemia do COVID-19 e implementação de telefonoaudiologia para pacientes em domicílio: relato de experiência

Author: Nathalia Avila Dimer, Natália do Canto-Soares, Larissa dos Santos-Teixeira, and Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart
Subjects: Telemedicine, medicine.medical_treatment, media_common.quotation_subject, MEDLINE, P1-1091, Consulta Remota, Telehealth, Language and Linguistics, 03 medical and health sciences, Speech and Hearing, 0302 clinical medicine, Resource (project management), Infecções por Coronavírus, Medicine, Quality (business), 030212 general & internal medicine, Philology. Linguistics, media_common, Service (business), Remote Consultation, Rehabilitation, business.industry, Reabilitação, Fonoaudiologia, Telemedicina, medicine.disease, RF1-547, Otorhinolaryngology, Medical emergency, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: RESUMO Apresentamos um relato de experiência de implementação de telefonoaudiologia em tempo real para pacientes que anteriormente eram atendidos em ambulatório em um serviço de atenção primária em saúde. No total, 25 usuários estavam sendo acompanhados pela equipe de fonoaudiologia quando da notificação dos primeiros casos de COVID-19 no sul do Brasil. Destes, julgou-se que 12 pacientes demandavam teleatendimento, pelo menos, quinzenalmente. A teleconsulta disponibilizada nesta primeira etapa, em caráter emergencial na implementação do projeto neste formato, a fim de garantir a manutenção dos atendimentos de pacientes que poderiam sofrer agravamento ou mesmo comorbidades associadas à suspensão da fonoterapia, foram realizadas por telefone, com vídeo, por estudantes de fonoaudiologia, extensionistas do projeto e supervisionadas por um fonoaudiólogo, de forma síncrona. Todas as conversas e orientações durante a teleconsulta são encaminhadas com a maior calma possível e, no caso de pacientes infantis, permeadas por algumas atividades lúdicas. A telessaúde tem se mostrado um recurso eficiente para atendimento de pacientes com demandas fonoaudiológicas, possibilitando o atendimento remoto com a mesma qualidade que o atendimento presencial. Além disso, tem potencial relevante, considerando que há um número significativo de pacientes que precisam de avaliação fonoaudiológica e residem em regiões nas quais há escassez de profissionais qualificados. more...
Published: 2020
Full Text: View/download PDF

37. Swallowing impairment in older adults: association with sensorimotor peripheral nerve function from the Health, Aging and Body Composition study

Author: Brittney S. Lange-Maia, Elsa S. Strotmeyer, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Eleanor M. Simonsick, Rafaela Soares Rech, Juliana Balbinot Hilgert, and Fernando Neves Hugo
Subjects: Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Aging, Motor nerve, Swallowing difculties, Deglutição, Article, Transtornos de deglutição, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Swallowing, medicine, Autonomic nervous system, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Peripheral Nerves, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, Peripheral nerves, Aged, Envelhecimento, business.industry, Idoso, Swallowing Disorders, Nervos periféricos, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, Deglutition disorders, Deglutition, medicine.anatomical_structure, Peripheral neuropathy, Older adults, Body Composition, Female, Geriatrics and Gerontology, Swallowing disorders, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Sensory nerve
Abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to examine whether impairments in sensorimotor peripheral nerve function are associated with a higher likelihood of swallowing impairment in older adults. METHODS: Health, Aging and Body Composition participants (n=607, age=75.8±2.7 years, 55.8% women, 32.3% black) underwent peripheral nerve testing at Year 4 and 11 with swallowing difficulty assessed at Year 4 and 15. Nerve conduction amplitude and velocity were measured at the peroneal motor nerve. Sensory nerve function was assessed with vibration detection threshold and monofilament (1.4-g/10-g) testing at the big toe. Symptoms of lower extremity peripheral neuropathy and difficulty swallowing were collected by self-report. Data analysis was performed using a hierarchical approach. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated using non-conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: At Year 15 108 (17.8%) participants had swallowing impairments. In fully adjusted models, the peripheral nerve impairments associated with swallowing impairment were numbness (OR=4.67;95%CI:2.24–9.75) and poor motor nerve conduction velocity (OR=2.26;95%CI:1.08–4.70). Other peripheral nerve impairments were not related to swallowing. CONCLUSIONS: The association between slow motor nerve conduction velocity and numbness and a higher likelihood of swallowing difficulties a decade later in our prospective study identifies an important area for further investigation in older adults. more...
Published: 2019

38. Rehabilitation : a rising demand that calls for action

Author: Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart and Paula Anderle
Subjects: Rehabilitation, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, MEDLINE, Reabilitação, P1-1091, Language and Linguistics, Speech and Hearing, Action (philosophy), Nursing, Otorhinolaryngology, RF1-547, Medicine, business, Philology. Linguistics
Abstract: Resumo não disponível
Published: 2019

39. Causality and Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences: epidemiological approach

Author: Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Natália do Canto-Soares, and Rafaela Soares Rech
Subjects: Speech-Language Pathology, Epidemiology, Causalidade, P1-1091, Fonoaudiologia, Saúde Pública, Language and Linguistics, Causality, Speech and Hearing, Otorhinolaryngology, RF1-547, Public Health, Systematic Review, Epidemiologia, Philology. Linguistics, Revisão Sistemática
Abstract: RESUMO Objetivo Revisar a literatura dos estudos fonoaudiológicos sob a ótica da epidemiologia, segundo a perspectiva da causalidade. Estratégia de pesquisa Realizou-se um levantamento nas literaturas nacional e internacional com buscas realizadas nas bases PubMed, SciELO e literatura cinzenta, conduzido segundo as instruções da Colaboração Cochrane e publicados até 8 de janeiro de 2019. A pergunta norteadora da revisão indaga se a Fonoaudiologia faz uso dos métodos epidemiológicos em suas evidências para inferir causalidade. Critérios de Seleção Foram incluídos todos os trabalhos que apresentassem abordagem epidemiológica de causalidade em fonoaudiologia, assim como se excluíram os que não apresentassem abordagem metodológica adequada à análise de causa e efeito. Análise dos dados Dois autores deste estudo, de maneira independente, revisaram todas as citações. Utilizou-se um formulário determinado a priori para extrair os seguintes dados: autor, ano de publicação, país de origem, concepção teórica, aplicação ou não do estudo e discussão central abordada no artigo. Resultados Mediante a busca realizada, foram encontrados 3.842 artigos. Contudo, destes nenhum investigou seus desfechos a partir da ótica da causalidade, não permitindo a inferência de causa e efeito. Conclusão Há escassez de estudos que evidenciem a causalidade na Fonoaudiologia, o que pode alterar a efetividade e o manuseio confiável do diagnóstico e a terapêutica fonoaudiológica, visto que ainda se baseia na associação e não na causa nem no efeito de delineamentos apropriados para tal. ABSTRACT Purpose To review the Speech-Language Pathology literature studies from the epidemiology and causality perspective. Research strategies A national and international literature survey was carried out with searches from PubMed, SciELO and gray literature bases, conducted according to the instructions of the Cochrane Collaboration and published until January 9th, 2019. The review guiding question asks if Speech-Language Pathology uses methods in their evidence to infer causality. Selection criteria All studies that presented a causal epidemiological approach in speech therapy were included, as well as excluded those that did not present an appropriate methodological approach for cause and effect analysis. Data analysis Two authors of this study independently reviewed all citations. A priori determined form was used to extract the following data: author, year of publication, country of origin, theoretical conception, application or not of the study and central discussion addressed in the article. Results From the search performed 3842 articles were found. However, none of them investigated their outcomes from the causality point of view, not allowing cause and effect inference. Conclusion There is a shortage of studies that evidence causality in Speech-Language Pathology, which may alter the effectiveness and reliable handling of diagnosis and speech-language therapy, since it is still based on association and not on cause and effect based on studies designed to that. more...
Published: 2019

40. Rehabilitation: a rising demand that calls for action

Author: Bárbara Niegia Garcia de, Goulart and Paula, Anderle
Subjects: Health Services Needs and Demand, Rehabilitation, Humans, Disabled Persons, Brazil
Published: 2019

41. Post-stroke rehabilitation : identification of speech-language disorders signs and symptoms by physicians and nurses in primary health care

Author: Paula Anderle, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, and Sheila Petry Rockenbach
Subjects: Primary health care, Saúde Pública, Pessoal de saúde, Language and Linguistics, Acidente vascular cerebral, Speech and Hearing, lcsh:P1-1091, Medicine, Public health, business.industry, Rehabilitation, Reabilitação, Fonoaudiologia, Atenção Primária à Saúde, lcsh:Otorhinolaryngology, lcsh:RF1-547, Atenção primária à saúde, Stroke, lcsh:Philology. Linguistics, Otorhinolaryngology, Acidente Vascular Cerebral, Speech, language and hearing sciences, business, Humanities
Abstract: RESUMO Objetivo O Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) é um agravo comum para a população e um problema para a saúde pública global em termos de mortalidade, deficiência e demanda de custos. O objetivo deste estudo é verificar quais grupos de comorbidades ligados aos distúrbios fonoaudiológicos são identificados por médicos e enfermeiros das equipes de Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) para encaminhamento à reabilitação fonoaudiológica e continuidade do cuidado de pacientes pós-AVC nas Atenções Primária e Secundária à Saúde (APS). Método Participaram 22 médicos e enfermeiros das equipes de ESF apoiadas pelo Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família, no sul do Brasil. Um questionário desenvolvido para este estudo foi respondido, explorando variáveis sociodemográficas, histórico de formação, atuação profissional e condutas ao paciente com AVC. Análise descritiva dos dados (frequências absoluta e relativa) foi realizada no Software SPSS 22. Resultados Dos entrevistados, 77,3% encaminham pacientes pós-AVC para fisioterapia e 54,5%, para reabilitação fonoaudiológica. Nenhum profissional realiza encaminhamento por sequelas cognitivas de compreensão; 90,0% encaminham por distúrbios de linguagem expressiva na fala. Para alterações do sistema estomatognático, 80,0% dos médicos não encaminham para fonoaudiólogo e 83,3% dos enfermeiros o fazem. Conclusão Os profissionais demonstraram dificuldade em identificar distúrbios fonoaudiológicos ligados à cognição e ao sistema estomatognático, não encaminhando para reabilitação fonoaudiológica nas Atenções Primária e Secundária à Saúde. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de ações que auxiliem no processo de educação permanente e melhorem o conhecimento das equipes de APS, para que as sequelas fonoaudiológicas sejam devidamente identificadas e encaminhadas para reabilitação. ABSTRACT Purpose Stroke is a common disease for people and a global public health concern in terms of mortality, disability, and cost demand. This study aims to assess which groups of comorbidities related to speech-language disorders are identified by physicians and nurses of the Family Health Strategy (FHS) as to be referred to post-stroke speech-language rehabilitation at Primary and Secondary Health Care. Methods Twenty-two physicians and nurses, from the FHS supported by the Family Health Support Center in southern Brazil, answered a questionnaire developed for this study, exploring socio-demographic variables, education background, professional performance and conduct to post-stroke patients. A descriptive data analysis (absolute and relative frequencies) was performed in SPSS Software 22. Results Among the participants, 77.3% refer post-stroke patients to physiotherapy and 54.5% to speech-language rehabilitation. None refer to patients to treatment due to cognitive comprehension sequelae; 90.0% refer for significant speech-language disorders. In case of changes in the stomatognathic system, 80.0% of physicians do not refer to speech-language pathologists, and 83.3% of nurses usually do. Conclusion The professionals showed difficulty in identifying speech-language pathological signs and symptoms related to cognition and the stomatognathic system, not referring to speech-language rehabilitation at primary or secondary health care. The results highlight the importance of continuing education and improvement of the knowledge of the primary health care teams, so that speech-language sequelae are properly identified and sent for rehabilitation. more...
Published: 2019

42. Oferta de fonoaudiologia e atenção primária em saúde no Brasil: uma análise baseada no desenvolvimento socioeconômico

Author: Jeanne Gabriele Schmidt, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Rafaela Soares Rech, Juliana Balbinot Hilgert, and Fernando Neves Hugo
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Speech-Language Pathology, National Health Programs, Cross-sectional study, Population, MEDLINE, Primary health care, Socioeconomic development, Speech Therapy, Saúde Pública, Language and Linguistics, Speech therapy, Health Services Accessibility, Speech and Hearing, lcsh:P1-1091, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Humans, education, Service (business), Community Health Workers, Family Health, education.field_of_study, Public health, Saúde da Família, Primary Health Care, Family health, Unified Health System, Fonoaudiologia, Unified health system, lcsh:Otorhinolaryngology, lcsh:RF1-547, Atenção primária à saúde, lcsh:Philology. Linguistics, Cross-Sectional Studies, Otorhinolaryngology, Socioeconomic Factors, Family medicine, Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Language Therapy, Public Health, Sistema Único de Saúde, Speech, language and hearing sciences, Psychology, Brazil, Atuação do fonoaudiólogo
Abstract: Purpose To describe the presence of speech-language therapists (SLT) in the primary health care (PHC) in Brazil and its association with socioeconomic inequalities. Methods Cross-sectional study with 17,157 PHC services in all Brazilian states. Based on the NASF External Assessment Questionnaire sub-item “speech-language therapist”, which was used to answer the question “What NASF professionals support your PHC service?”, in addition to contextual data (regional population, number of registered SLP, speech therapy college courses, city HDI and Gini Index). Results From all the PHC services supported by NASF, 50.8% (8713/17,157) has SLPs as part of the team. Brazil’s Southeast region has the higher prevalence of SLP at the team (57.4%; 5,575). South Region has the lower prevalence (28.9%; 625). The presence of SLP support is directly proportional to HDI stratum and Gini Index (average and high). Conclusion There is an important limitation of public care to treat communication and swallowing disorders in Brazil. RESUMO Objetivo Descrever a presença de fonoaudiólogos na atenção primária à saúde (APS) no Brasil e sua associação com desigualdades socioeconômicas. Método Estudo transversal com 17.157 serviços de APS em todos os estados brasileiros. Com base no Questionário de Avaliação Externa do NASF utilizou-se o subitem “fonoaudiólogo” para a resposta à pergunta “Que profissionais do NASF apóiam seu serviço de APS?”, além disso utilizou-se dados contextuais (população regional, número de fonoaudiólogos registrados, número de faculdades de fonoaudiologia, IDH da cidade e Índice Gini). Resultados De todos os serviços de APS apoiados pelo NASF, 50,8% (871.317.157) tem o fonoaudiólogo como parte da equipe. A região Sudeste do Brasil tem a maior prevalência de fonoaudiólogo na equipe (57,4%; 5.575). A região Sul tem a menor prevalência (28,9%; 625). A presença do suporte fonoaudiológico é diretamente proporcional ao estrato IDH e ao índice de Gini (médio e alto). Conclusão Existe uma importante limitação na oferta dos serviços fonoaudiológicos públicos no Brasil. more...
Published: 2019

43. Factitious disorder and the interdisciplinary team : identification of signs and risk factors

Author: Marcelo Rodrigues Gonçalves, Cynthia Goulart Molina-Bastos, Aline Vianna Pereira, and Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart
Subjects: Patient care team, business.industry, MEDLINE, Transtorno factício, lcsh:Otorhinolaryngology, lcsh:RF1-547, Language and Linguistics, lcsh:Philology. Linguistics, Speech and Hearing, Otorhinolaryngology, Nursing, lcsh:P1-1091, Medicine, business
Abstract: Resumo não disponível
Published: 2019

44. Causality and Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences: epidemiological approach

Author: Natália, Canto-Soares, Rafaela Soares, Rech, and Bárbara Niegia Garcia de, Goulart
Subjects: Causality, Speech-Language Pathology, Humans, Speech Therapy, Epidemiologic Methods, Speech Disorders
Abstract: To review the Speech-Language Pathology literature studies from the epidemiology and causality perspective.A national and international literature survey was carried out with searches from PubMed, SciELO and gray literature bases, conducted according to the instructions of the Cochrane Collaboration and published until January 9th, 2019. The review guiding question asks if Speech-Language Pathology uses methods in their evidence to infer causality.All studies that presented a causal epidemiological approach in speech therapy were included, as well as excluded those that did not present an appropriate methodological approach for cause and effect analysis.Two authors of this study independently reviewed all citations. A priori determined form was used to extract the following data: author, year of publication, country of origin, theoretical conception, application or not of the study and central discussion addressed in the article.From the search performed 3842 articles were found. However, none of them investigated their outcomes from the causality point of view, not allowing cause and effect inference.There is a shortage of studies that evidence causality in Speech-Language Pathology, which may alter the effectiveness and reliable handling of diagnosis and speech-language therapy, since it is still based on association and not on cause and effect based on studies designed to that.Revisar a literatura dos estudos fonoaudiológicos sob a ótica da epidemiologia, segundo a perspectiva da causalidade.Realizou-se um levantamento nas literaturas nacional e internacional com buscas realizadas nas bases PubMed, SciELO e literatura cinzenta, conduzido segundo as instruções da Colaboração Cochrane e publicados até 8 de janeiro de 2019. A pergunta norteadora da revisão indaga se a Fonoaudiologia faz uso dos métodos epidemiológicos em suas evidências para inferir causalidade.Foram incluídos todos os trabalhos que apresentassem abordagem epidemiológica de causalidade em fonoaudiologia, assim como se excluíram os que não apresentassem abordagem metodológica adequada à análise de causa e efeito.Dois autores deste estudo, de maneira independente, revisaram todas as citações. Utilizou-se um formulário determinado a priori para extrair os seguintes dados: autor, ano de publicação, país de origem, concepção teórica, aplicação ou não do estudo e discussão central abordada no artigo.Mediante a busca realizada, foram encontrados 3.842 artigos. Contudo, destes nenhum investigou seus desfechos a partir da ótica da causalidade, não permitindo a inferência de causa e efeito.Há escassez de estudos que evidenciem a causalidade na Fonoaudiologia, o que pode alterar a efetividade e o manuseio confiável do diagnóstico e a terapêutica fonoaudiológica, visto que ainda se baseia na associação e não na causa nem no efeito de delineamentos apropriados para tal. more...
Published: 2019

45. A assistência à saúde transfronteira e o prognóstico da infecção pelo HIV na tríplice fronteira Brasil-Paraguai-Argentina

Author: Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Patricia Klarmann Ziegelmann, and Ricardo Zaslavsky
Subjects: Male, Paraguai, lcsh:Medicine, HIV Infections, Health Services Accessibility, Health facility, Health care, Áreas Fronterizas, Medicine, Reference group, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Medical record, Pronóstico, Emigration and Immigration, Prognosis, Saúde na fronteira, Female, 0305 other medical science, Infecções por HIV, Brazil, Adult, Adolescent, Prognóstico, Saúde nas Fronteiras, Argentina, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Humans, Border Health, Survival analysis, Retrospective Studies, Border Areas, 030505 public health, Health management system, business.industry, Serviços de saúde, Brasil, lcsh:R, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, VIH, HIV, lcsh:RA1-1270, Retrospective cohort study, Long-term care, Paraguay, Áreas de Fronteiras, Salud Fronterizas, business, Delivery of Health Care, Demography
Abstract: The act of crossing an international border for healthcare is a reality in border areas and the flow is in the direction of the city with more human and healthcare resources. Although several prognostic factors related to HIV+ patients are known, the prognostic value of this type of mobility for long term care is still neglected. This study compares the prognosis of HIV patients from three groups, one involved in regional mobility, another in cross-border mobility in search for healthcare and the reference group which is composed by patients living in the same city of the health facility. This is a retrospective cohort study using medical records from a healthcare service in Brazil. Following survival analysis with log-rank test and Cox proportional hazard models, overall survival had no significant difference between patients who were involved in regional (HR = 1.03; 95%CI: 0.69-1.54; p = 0.89) or international (HR = 1.07; 95%CI: 0.58-1.97; p = 0.83) mobility and those who were not. This lack of difference was kept when adjusted for known prognostic factors. In this retrospective cohort study, exposure to both regional and international migration did not have a significant association with the risk of death by any cause in crude or adjusted analyses for already known prognostic factors. This is the first study to consider the prognostic role of cross-border healthcare for HIV patients. Despite these findings, the need of monitoring the extent and the clinical and demographic characteristics of healthcare demand originated in the other side of the border and the use of these data for decision making in health management is emphasized. Resumo: O ato de atravessar uma fronteira internacional para receber cuidados de saúde é uma realidade nas áreas fronteiriças. O fluxo tende a ser em direção à cidade com os melhores recursos humanos e melhor infraestrutura em saúde. Embora sejam conhecidos os fatores prognósticos relacionados à infecção pelo HIV, o valor prognóstico desse tipo de migração a longo prazo tem recebido menos atenção. Este estudo divide e compara o prognóstico em três grupos de pacientes com HIV: um envolvido em mobilidade regional, outro em mobilidade transfronteira em busca de assistência e o terceiro constituído de pacientes que residem na mesma cidade onde o serviço de saúde está localizado. Este estudo de coorte retrospectiva utiliza dados de prontuários de um serviço de saúde no Brasil. Ao analisar a sobrevida com o teste de log-rank e modelos riscos proporcionais de Cox, a sobrevida geral não mostrou diferença significativa entre pacientes que recebiam cuidados através da mobilidade regional (HR = 1,03; IC95%: 0,69-1,54; p = 0,89) ou transfronteira (HR = 1,07; IC95%: 0,58-1,97; p = 0,83) e aqueles que recebiam atendimento na cidade onde residiam. Essa falta de diferença se manteve quando a análise foi ajustada para os fatores prognósticos conhecidos. Neste estudo de coorte retrospectiva, a exposição à migração regional ou internacional não mostrou associação significativa com o risco de óbito por qualquer causa, de acordo com a análise bruta e as análises ajustadas para os fatores prognósticos já conhecidos. Este foi o primeiro estudo a considerar o papel prognóstico da assistência transfronteira para pacientes com HIV. Apesar desses achados, enfatiza-se a necessidade de monitorar o grau e as características clínicas e demográficas da demanda por assistência com origem do lado oposto da fronteira, além de utilizar esses dados no processo decisório na gestão da saúde. Resumen: El hecho de cruzar una frontera internacional en búsqueda de asistencia sanitaria es una realidad en las áreas fronterizas y el flujo migratorio se dirige hacia la ciudad con más recursos humanos y sanitarios. A pesar de que se conocen los diferentes factores pronósticos relacionados con el VIH, el valor pronóstico de este tipo de movilidad continúa todavía olvidado durante mucho tiempo. Este estudio compara los pronósticos de pacientes de VIH de tres grupos, uno implicado en la movilidad regional, otro en la movilidad fronteriza en búsqueda de asistencia sanitaria y el grupo de referencia que estaba compuesto por pacientes viviendo en la misma ciudad donde se encontraban los servicios sanitarios. Este es un estudio retrospectivo de cohorte, usando expedientes médicos de un servicio de salud en Brasil. En los siguientes análisis de supervivencia con prueba log-rank y modelos de Cox de riesgo proporcional, en cuanto a la supervivencia general no hubo una diferencia significativa entre pacientes que estaban implicados en la movilidad regional (HR = 1,03; 95%CI: 0,69-1,54; p = 0,89) o internacional (HR = 1,07; 95%CI: 0,58-1,97; p = 0,83) y aquellos que no lo estuvieron. Esta falta de diferencia se mantuvo cuando se ajustó para los factores pronósticos conocidos. En este estudio retrospectivo de cohorte, la exposición tanto a la migración regional como la internacional no tuvo una asociación significativa con el riesgo de muerte por alguna causa en los análisis crudos o ajustados para los factores pronósticos ya conocidos. Se trata del primer estudio en considerar el papel pronóstico de la asistencia sanitaria transfronteriza en pacientes con VIH. A pesar de estos resultados, existe la necesidad de un monitoreo sobre la extensión y las características clínicas y demográficas de la demanda de servicios sanitarios al otro lado de la frontera, así como el énfasis del uso de estos datos para la toma de decisiones en la gestión de salud. more...
Published: 2019
Full Text: View/download PDF

46. O uso de drogas ilícitas e fatores familiares entre adolescentes brasileiros : uma análise da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde Escolar (PeNSE, 2015)

Author: Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Nágila Soares Xavier Oenning, Hellen de Araújo Antunes, and María Fernanda Rivadeneira-Guerrero
Subjects: Male, Adolescent, Substance-Related Disorders, Adolescent Health, Street Drugs, lcsh:Medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Drogas Ilícitas, Prevalence, Humans, Family, Salud del Adolescente, Drogas, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, Students, Relations, Salud Mental, Family Characteristics, 030505 public health, Fatores de risco, Illicit Drugs, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, lcsh:R, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Saúde Mental, lcsh:RA1-1270, Health Surveys, Saúde do Adolescente, Relaciones Familiares, Ambiente familiar, Relações Familiares, Cross-Sectional Studies, Mental Health, Socioeconomic Factors, Adolescent Behavior, Female, Family Relations, 0305 other medical science, Brazil
Abstract: Illicit drug use is related to individual characteristics; however, social and family environments seem to be associated with this consumption. The aim of this study was to analyze the association of the relationships between parents or guardians and Brazilian adolescents that use illicit drugs. This is a cross-sectional study with data from the Brazilian National Survey of School Health (PeNSE, 2015), in which the target population was school children from the ninth grade (eighth year). A total of 102,072 students were included in the current research, being 52,782 females and 49,290 males. Illicit drug use was the outcome and family relationship factors were the exposure. For adjustments, factors as sociodemographic characteristics, mental health, as well as tobacco and alcohol use were established. Univariate and multivariate analysis stratified by sex was conducted through Poisson regression, with a robust variance estimator to calculate the prevalence ratio and the 95% confidence interval. The general prevalence of illicit drug use was 3.8%; 3.3% among females and 4.4% among males. The following factors increase the prevalence ratio for illicit drug use in adolescents: not living with their parents, not feeling supervised by parents, and skipping classes without parents’ consent. Never feeling understood by parents and frequent physical aggressions by family members were also associated with illicit drug use. Family relationships collaborate to illicit drug use among Brazilian adolescents, considering their sociodemographic factors, alcohol and smoking habits and parents and friends’ profiles. O uso de drogas ilícitas está associado a características individuais; no entanto, os ambientes social e familiar também parecem estar relacionados a esse consumo. O estudo teve como objetivo analisar as associações entre o relacionamento dos pais e responsáveis com os filhos adolescentes que usam drogas ilícitas no Brasil. Este foi um estudo transversal com dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde Escolar (PeNSE, 2015), em que a população-alvo foram escolares da nona série (oitavo ano). O estudo incluiu 102.072 alunos (52.782 meninas e 49.290 meninos). O uso de drogas ilícitas foi a variável de desfecho, e os fatores de relacionamento familiar foram as variáveis de exposição. As variáveis de ajuste incluíram características sociodemográficas, saúde mental, tabagismo e consumo de álcool. Análises univariada e multivariada, estratificadas por sexo, foram realizadas com regressão de Poisson com variância robusta para calcular a razão de prevalências com intervalo de 95% de confiança. A prevalência global de uso de drogas ilícitas foi de 3,8% (3,3% para meninas e 4,4% para meninos). Os seguintes fatores estiveram associados ao aumento da razão de prevalências para uso de drogas ilícitas em adolescentes: não viver com os pais, não se sentir supervisionado pelos pais, faltar à escola sem o consentimento dos pais, nunca se sentir compreendido pelos pais e relatos de agressões frequentes por familiares. As relações familiares problemáticas contribuem para o uso de drogas ilícitas entre adolescentes brasileiros, considerando também fatores sociodemográficos, tabagismo, uso de álcool e os perfis de uso pelos pais e amigos. El consumo de drogas ilícitas está relacionado con características individuales; no obstante, el entorno social y familiar parecen estar asociados con este consumo. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la asociación de las relaciones entre padres o tutores y adolescentes brasileños que consumen drogas ilícitas. Es un estudio transversal con datos procedentes de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Escolar (PeNSE, 2015), donde la población objetivo fueron adolescentes en edad escolar en noveno curso (octavo año). Se incluyeron a un total de 102.072 estudiantes en esta investigación, siendo 52.782 mujeres y 49.290 hombres. El consumo ilícito de drogas fue el resultado y los factores de relación de la familia fueron la exposición. Para los ajustes, se establecieron factores como: características sociodemográficas, salud mental, así como el consumo de tabaco y alcohol. Los análisis univariados y multivariados estratificados por sexo se realizaron a través de la regresión de Poisson, con un estimador de varianza robusta para calcular el ratio de prevalencia y el intervalo de 95% de confianza. La prevalencia general en el consumo de drogas ilícitas fue 3,8%; 3,3% entre mujeres y 4,4% entre hombres. Los siguientes factores incrementan el ratio de prevalencia en el consumo de drogas ilícitas con adolescentes: no estar viviendo con sus padres, no sentirse supervisado por sus padres, y saltarse clases sin el consentimiento de sus padres. El no sentirse nunca comprendido por sus padres, y sufrir agresiones físicas frecuentes por parte de miembros de la familia, también estuvo asociado con el consumo ilícito de drogas. Las relaciones de familia asocian con el consumo ilícito de drogas entre adolescentes brasileños, considerando sus factores sociodemográficos, y los perfiles de padres y amigos en cuanto al consumo de alcohol y tabaco. more...
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

47. Occupational factors associated with major depressive disorder A Brazilian population-based study

Author: Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Nágila Soares Xavier Oenning, Patricia Klarmann Ziegelmann, Isabelle Niedhammer, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), CAPES, Brazil, and Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ) more...
Subjects: Adult, Employment, Male, Cross-sectional study, Poison control, behavioral disciplines and activities, Occupational safety and health, Occupational Stress, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Working population, Risk Factors, Environmental health, Humans, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Workplace, Workers, Work stress, Depressive Disorder, Major, Occupational exposures, Workplace violence, business.industry, Depression, Human factors and ergonomics, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Health Surveys, 030210 environmental & occupational health, 3. Good health, Occupational Diseases, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Logistic Models, Major depressive disorder, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Occupational stress, business, Psychosocial, Brazil
Abstract: International audience; Background - There have been very few studies exploring the occupational risk factors for major depressive disorder (MDD) in the working populations in Latin America. The aim of this study was to explore the associations between a large set of occupational factors and MDD in the Brazilian working population. Methods - The study was based on the cross-sectional data from the Brazilian National Health Survey, 2013. 60,202 people were interviewed (response rate: 91.9%). Among them, 36,442 were working, 19,450 men and 16,992 women. MDD was measured using the diagnostic algorithm (DSM-IV criteria) of the PHQ-9. Occupational factors included job characteristics, working time factors, psychosocial work stressors and physico-chemical exposures. Logistic regression models were performed and adjusted for sociodemographic factors. All analyses were conducted using weighted and stratified data by gender. Results - The following occupational factors were associated with a higher risk of MDD: working part time (≤20 h a week) and stress at work for both genders, workplace violence, intense physical activity, exposure to noise and chemicals among women, and prolonged exposure to sun among men. Associations of stress and violence at work with MDD were particularly strong. Limitations - Cross-sectional study design, healthy worker effect and reporting bias may have impacted the results. Conclusions - This study, one of the first studies among the Brazilian working population, showed that psychosocial work stressors were the strongest risk factors for MDD. Physico-chemical exposures deserve more attention in association with MDD. Prevention policies oriented toward the work environment may help to prevent depression at the workplace. more...
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

48. Essential aspects in the design of data collection instruments in primary health research

Author: Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Débora Butka Thomas, and Nágila Soares Xavier Oenning
Subjects: SciELO, media_common.quotation_subject, Library science, Target population, Review, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, lcsh:P1-1091, law, Reading (process), Surveys and Questionnaires, Integrative literature review, 030212 general & internal medicine, Formulary, General Environmental Science, media_common, Inquéritos Epidemiológicos, 030504 nursing, Methodology, Metodologia, Revisão, General Medicine, lcsh:Otorhinolaryngology, lcsh:RF1-547, Health Surveys, lcsh:Philology. Linguistics, Inquéritos e Questionários, CLARITY, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, 0305 other medical science, Psychology
Abstract: Objective: to investigate the literature production on the design of forms for research in the health area and describe the most relevant concepts and precepts of the topic. Methods: an integrative literature review in the PubMed and Scielo databases with the key words: survey, constructing, questionnaire, formulary, development and design in various combinations, including articles published in any language in the last ten years. The survey returned 1,480 articles, and after reading and critically reviewing the abstracts according to the objective of the study, 16 articles were selected for complete reading. Information regarding aspects that were most relevant to the objective of the study was analyzed, as well as its recurrence in the selected articles. Results: the reading of the 16 articles resulted in three categories, based on the recurrence of the themes: structure, validation and sampling. Conclusion: clarity in the formulation of the questions was the most valued aspect in the structure of the instrument. As for validation, the realization of pilot tests was considered fundamental. Finally, the method of administration and adaptation of the questionnaire to target population was considered fundamental. more...
Published: 2018

49. Association between self-reported hearing impairment and diabetes: a Brazilian population-based study

Author: Patricia Klarmann Ziegelmann, M. O. Soares, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, and Nágila Soares Xavier Oenning
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, 030505 public health, Hearing loss, business.industry, Public health, Confounding, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Health services research, medicine.disease, 03 medical and health sciences, symbols.namesake, 0302 clinical medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Epidemiology, medicine, symbols, 030212 general & internal medicine, Poisson regression, Risk factor, medicine.symptom, 0305 other medical science, business, Demography
Abstract: Some studies have already explored the relationship between diabetes and hearing loss; however, this relationship has still not been well established, especially due to methodological limitations related to lack of control for confounders. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between self-reported hearing impairment and diabetes among adults in Brazil, controlling for sociodemographic and occupational exposure to ototoxic agents. This is a cross-sectional study based on data collected by the National Health Survey of 2013 in Brazil. A total of 60,202 individuals aged≥18 years were interviewed. Crude and adjusted prevalence ratios were calculated using the Poisson regression model with robust estimation of the variance. All analyzes were performed considering the appropriated weights imposed by the complex sample design. Hearing loss prevalence was 2.56% (95%CI: 2.34–2.79). It was higher in males, older age groups, white and individuals with lower levels of schooling. Diabetes was positively and significantly associated with hearing loss in the crude analysis (PRcrude = 2.92; 95%CI: 2.75–3.11) and also in the analysis adjusted for gender, age, skin color, schooling, smoking, alcohol consumption and occupational exposure (PRadj = 1.46; 95%CI: 1.32–1.61). The present results suggest that individuals with diabetes have higher prevalence of hearing impairment. There is the need of longitudinal studies to investigate if diabetes is a risk factor to hearing impairment. more...
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

50. Deglutição no envelhecimento e a odontologia

Author: Alexandre Baumgarten, Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart, Rafaela Soares Rech, and Juliana Balbinot Hilgert
Subjects: General Medicine
Abstract: As alterações morfológicas e funcionais que atingem o sistema estomatognático podem ser agravadas por perdas de dentes e utilização de prótese dentária, que comprometem o ato mastigatório e a deglutição de idosos. Objetivo: assim, propõe-se a presente revisão de literatura, que tem como objetivo estreitar os conhecimentos que devem existir entre a Fonoaudiologia e a Odontologia, discorrendo sobre as evidências atuais e histórico-conceituais mais relevantes sobre deglutição que aproximam as duas especialidades, principalmente em indivíduos idosos. Revisão de literatura: foram incluídos no estudo 101 trabalhos, selecionados a partir das bases de dados Pub Med Central, Scientific Eletronic Library Online, Science Direct, SciELO, Periódico Capes e identificados até abril de 2018 em inglês, português e espanhol. Destaca-se entre os achados a crescente inserção da Odontologia na atuação da disfagia orofaríngea. A falta de cuidados coordenados na atenção ao idoso interfere no seu bem-estar geral e na sua qualidade de vida. Considerações finais: as evidências da literatura demonstram importante avanço na identificação, no diagnóstico e na reabilitação da disfagia orofaríngea, que, por meio da reabilitação bucal, demonstrou ser relevante na prevenção de alterações na deglutição. Palavras-chave: Deglutição. Disfagia. Envelhecimento. Fonoaudiologia. Odontologia. Therapy. Swallowing. more...
Published: 2018
Full Text: View/download PDF

Searchworks

Select search scope, currently: Articles Catalog books, media & more in Jio Institute collections Articles journal articles & other e-resources

Search

Search Constraints

Refine your results

Search Limiters

Topic

Publication Year Range

Language

Journal

Database

Publisher

132 results on '"Bárbara Niegia Garcia de Goulart"'

Search Results

Catalog

Select search scope, currently: Articles

Catalog

books, media & more in Jio Institute collections

Articles

journal articles & other e-resources