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1. NEOROCKS project: surface properties of small near-Earth asteroids

Author: Hromakina, T., Birlan, M., Barucci, M. A., Fulchignoni, M., Colas, F., Fornasier, S., Merlin, F., Sonka, A., Anghel, S., Poggiali, G., Belskaya, I., Perna, D., Dotto, E., and team, the NEOROCKS
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Space and Planetary Science, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: We present new results of the observing program which is a part of the NEOROCKS project aimed to improve knowledge on physical properties of near-Earth Objects (NEOs) for planetary defense. Photometric observations were performed using the 1.2-m telescope at the Haute-Provence observatory (France) in the BVRI filters of the Johnson–Cousins photometric systems between June 2021 and April 2022. We obtained new surface colours for 42 NEOs. Based on the measured colours, we classified 20 objects as S-complex, nine as C-complex, nine as X-complex, two as D-type, one object as V-type, and one object remained unclassified. For all the observed objects, we estimated their absolute magnitudes and diameters. Combining these new observations with the previously acquired data within the NEOROCKS project extended our data set to 93 objects. The majority of objects in the data set with diameters D < 500 m belongs to a group of silicate bodies, which could be related to observational bias. Based on MOID and ΔV values we selected 14 objects that could be accessible by a spacecraft. Notably, we find D-type asteroid (163014) 2001 UA5 and A-type asteroid 2017 SE19 to be of particular interest as possible space mission targets.
Published: 2023
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2. The EU Project NEOROCKS — The NEO Rapid Observation, Characterization, and Key Simulations Project

Author: Dotto, E., Banaszkiewicz, M., Banchi, S., Barucci, M. A., Bernardi, F., Birlan, M., Carry, B., Cellino, A., De Leon, J., Lazzarin, M., Mazzotta Epifani, E., Nomen Torres, J., Perna, D., Perozzi, E., Pravec, P., Sanchez Ortis, N., Snodgrass, C., and Teodorescu, C.
Published: 2021

3. CUORE opens the door to tonne-scale cryogenics experiments

Author: Adams, DQ, Alduino, C, Alessandria, F, Alfonso, K, Andreotti, E, Avignone, FT, Azzolini, O, Balata, M, Bandac, I, Banks, TI, Bari, G, Barucci, M, Beeman, JW, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Beretta, M, Bersani, A, Biare, D, Biassoni, M, Bragazzi, F, Branca, A, Brofferio, C, Bryant, A, Buccheri, A, Bucci, C, Bulfon, C, Camacho, A, Camilleri, J, Caminata, A, Campani, A, Canonica, L, Cao, XG, Capelli, S, Capodiferro, M, Cappelli, L, Cardani, L, Cariello, M, Carniti, P, Carrettoni, M, Casali, N, Cassina, L, Celi, E, Cereseto, R, Ceruti, G, Chiarini, A, Chiesa, D, Chott, N, Clemenza, M, Conventi, D, Copello, S, Cosmelli, C, Cremonesi, O, Crescentini, C, Creswick, RJ, Cushman, JS, D’Addabbo, A, D’Aguanno, D, Dafinei, I, Datskov, V, Davis, CJ, Del Corso, F, Dell’Oro, S, Deninno, MM, Di Domizio, S, Dompè, V, Di Vacri, ML, Di Paolo, L, Drobizhev, A, Ejzak, L, Faccini, R, Fang, DQ, Fantini, G, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Ferroni, F, Fiorini, E, Franceschi, MA, Freedman, SJ, Fu, SH, Fujikawa, BK, Gaigher, R, Ghislandi, S, Giachero, A, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gladstone, L, Goett, J, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Guandalini, C, Guerzoni, M, Guetti, M, Gutierrez, TD, Haller, EE, Han, K, Hansen, EV, Heeger, KM, Hennings-Yeomans, R, Hickerson, KP, and Huang, RG
Subjects: Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Dilution refrigerator, Ton-scale detector, Cryogenic temperatures, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Molecular, Low temperature calorimeter, Atomic, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Particle and Plasma Physics, Rare event searches, Nuclear, Neutrinoless double beta decay, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract: The past few decades have seen major developments in the design and operation of cryogenic particle detectors. This technology offers an extremely good energy resolution – comparable to semiconductor detectors – and a wide choice of target materials, making low temperature calorimetric detectors ideal for a variety of particle physics applications. Rare event searches have continued to require ever greater exposures, which has driven them to ever larger cryogenic detectors, with the CUORE experiment being the first to reach a tonne-scale, mK-cooled, experimental mass. CUORE, designed to search for neutrinoless double beta decay, has been operational since 2017 at a temperature of about 10 mK. This result has been attained by the use of an unprecedentedly large cryogenic infrastructure called the CUORE cryostat: conceived, designed and commissioned for this purpose. In this article the main characteristics and features of the cryogenic facility developed for the CUORE experiment are highlighted. A brief introduction of the evolution of the field and of the past cryogenic facilities are given. The motivation behind the design and development of the CUORE cryogenic facility is detailed as are the steps taken toward realization, commissioning, and operation of the CUORE cryostat. The major challenges overcome by the collaboration and the solutions implemented throughout the building of the cryogenic facility will be discussed along with the potential improvements for future facilities. The success of CUORE has opened the door to a new generation of large-scale cryogenic facilities in numerous fields of science. Broader implications of the incredible feat achieved by the CUORE collaboration on the future cryogenic facilities in various fields ranging from neutrino and dark matter experiments to quantum computing will be examined.
Published: 2021

4. A Global View of the Near-Infrared Reflectance Properties of Ryugu as Seen by the NIRS3 Spectrometer on Hayabusa2

Author: Milliken, R. E., Kitazato, K., Riu, L., Iwata, T., Abe, M., Ohtake, M., Matsuura, S., Nakauchi, Y., Nakamura, T., Matsuoka, M., Senshu, H., Hirata, N., Hiroi, T., Pilorget, C., Brunetto, R., Poulet, F., Bibring, J.-P., Takir, D., Domingue, D. L., Vilas, F., Barucci, M. A., Perna, D., Palomba, E., Galiano, A., Tsumura, K., Osawa, T., Komatsu, M., Nakato, A., Arai, T., Takato, N., Matsunaga, T., Takagi, Y., Matsumoto, K., Kouyama, T., Yokota, Y., Tatsumi, E., Sakatani, N., Yamamoto, Y., Okada, T., Sugita, S., Honda, R., Motora, T., Kameda, S., Sawada, H., Honda, C., Yamada, M., Suzuki, H., Yoshioka, K., Hayakawa, M., Ogawa, K., Cho, Y., Takei, Y., SAIKI, T., Nakazawa, S., Tanaka, S., Yoshikawa, M., Watanabe, S., Tsuda, Y., Brunetto, Rosario, Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract: International audience; Global and sampling site spectral properties of Ryugu as seen by NIRS3 spectrometer are discussed.
Published: 2020

5. First results from CUORE: A search for lepton number violation via 0νββ decay of 130Te

Author: Alduino, C., Alessandria, F., Alfonso, K., Andreotti, E., Arnaboldi, C., Avignone, F. T., Azzolini, O., Balata, M., Bandac, I., Banks, T. I., Bari, G., Barucci, M., Beeman, J. W., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Bersani, A., Biare, D., Biassoni, M., Bragazzi, F., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bryant, A., Buccheri, A., Bucci, C., Bulfon, C., Camacho, A., Caminata, A., Canonica, L., Cao, X. G., Capelli, S., Capodiferro, M., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Cariello, M., Carniti, P., Carrettoni, M., Casali, N., Cassina, L., Cereseto, R., Ceruti, G., Chiarini, A., Chiesa, D., Chott, N., Clemenza, M., Conventi, D., Copello, S., Cosmelli, C., Cremonesi, O., Crescentini, C., Creswick, R. J., Cushman, J. S., D'Addabbo, A., D'Aguanno, D., Dafinei, I., Datskov, V., Davis, C. J., Del Corso, F., Dell'Oro, S., Deninno, M. M., Di Domizio, S., Di Vacri, M. L., Di Paolo, L., Drobizhev, A., Ejzak, L., Faccini, R., Fang, D. Q., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fujikawa, B. K., Gaigher, R., Giachero, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gladstone, L., Goett, J., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Guandalini, C., Guerzoni, M., Gutierrez, T. D., Haller, E. E., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Hennings-Yeomans, R., Hickerson, K. P., Huang, H. Z., Iannone, M., Ioannucci, L., Kadel, R., Keppel, G., Kogler, L., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Leder, A., Ligi, C., Lim, K. E., Liu, X., Y. G., Ma, Maiano, C., Maino, M., Marini, L., Martinez, M., Amaya, C. Martinez, Maruyama, R. H., Mei, Y., Moggi, N., Morganti, S., Mosteiro, P. J., Nagorny, S. S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nisi, S., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Novati, V., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olcese, M., Olivieri, E., Orio, F., Orlandi, D., Ouellet, J. L., Pagliarone, C. E., Pallavicini, M., Palmieri, V., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pedretti, M., Pedrotta, R., Pelosi, A., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Piperno, G., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Reindl, F., Rimondi, F., Risegari, L., Rosenfeld, C., Rossi, C., Rusconi, C., Sakai, M., Sala, E., Salvioni, C., Sangiorgio, S., Santone, D., Schaeffer, D., Schmidt, B., Schmidt, J., Scielzo, N. D., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Smith, A. R., Stivanello, F., Taffarello, L., Tatananni, L., Tenconi, M., Terranova, F., Tessaro, M., Tomei, C., Ventura, G., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wallig, J., Wang, B. S., Wang, H. W., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Wise, T., Zanotti, L., Zarra, C., Zhang, G. Q., Zhu, B. X., Zimmermann, S., Zucchelli, S., Alduino, C, Alessandria, F, Alfonso, K, Andreotti, E, Arnaboldi, C, Avignone, F, Azzolini, O, Balata, M, Bandac, I, Banks, T, Bari, G, Barucci, M, Beeman, J, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Bersani, A, Biare, D, Biassoni, M, Bragazzi, F, Branca, A, Brofferio, C, Bryant, A, Buccheri, A, Bucci, C, Bulfon, C, Camacho, A, Caminata, A, Canonica, L, Cao, X, Capelli, S, Capodiferro, M, Cappelli, L, Cardani, L, Cariello, M, Carniti, P, Carrettoni, M, Casali, N, Cassina, L, Cereseto, R, Ceruti, G, Chiarini, A, Chiesa, D, Chott, N, Clemenza, M, Conventi, D, Copello, S, Cosmelli, C, Cremonesi, O, Crescentini, C, Creswick, R, Cushman, J, D’Addabbo, A, D’Aguanno, D, Dafinei, I, Datskov, V, Davis, C, Del Corso, F, Dell’Oro, S, Deninno, M, Di Domizio, S, Di Vacri, M, Di Paolo, L, Drobizhev, A, Ejzak, L, Faccini, R, Fang, D, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, Ferroni, F, Fiorini, E, Franceschi, M, Freedman, S, Fujikawa, B, Gaigher, R, Giachero, A, Gironi, L, Giuliani, A, Gladstone, L, Goett, J, Gorla, P, Gotti, C, Guandalini, C, Guerzoni, M, Gutierrez, T, Haller, E, Han, K, Hansen, E, Heeger, K, Hennings-Yeomans, R, Hickerson, K, Huang, H, Iannone, M, Ioannucci, L, Kadel, R, Keppel, G, Kogler, L, Kolomensky, Y, Leder, A, Ligi, C, Lim, K, Liu, X, Ma, Y, Maiano, C, Maino, M, Marini, L, Martinez, M, Martinez Amaya, C, Maruyama, R, Mei, Y, Moggi, N, Morganti, S, Mosteiro, P, Nagorny, S, Napolitano, T, Nastasi, M, Nisi, S, Nones, C, Norman, E, Novati, V, Nucciotti, A, Nutini, I, O’Donnell, T, Olcese, M, Olivieri, E, Orio, F, Orlandi, D, Ouellet, J, Pagliarone, C, Pallavicini, M, Palmieri, V, Pattavina, L, Pavan, M, Pedretti, M, Pedrotta, R, Pelosi, A, Pessina, G, Pettinacci, V, Piperno, G, Pira, C, Pirro, S, Pozzi, S, Previtali, E, Reindl, F, Rimondi, F, Risegari, L, Rosenfeld, C, Rossi, C, Rusconi, C, Sakai, M, Sala, E, Salvioni, C, Sangiorgio, S, Santone, D, Schaeffer, D, Schmidt, B, Schmidt, J, Scielzo, N, Singh, V, Sisti, M, Smith, A, Stivanello, F, Taffarello, L, Tatananni, L, Tenconi, M, Terranova, F, Tessaro, M, Tomei, C, Ventura, G, Vignati, M, Wagaarachchi, S, Wallig, J, Wang, B, Wang, H, Welliver, B, Wilson, J, Wilson, K, Winslow, L, Wise, T, Zanotti, L, Zarra, C, Zhang, G, Zhu, B, Zimmermann, S, and Zucchelli, S
Subjects: Physics and Astronomy (all), Neutrinoless double beta decay
Abstract: The CUORE experiment, a ton-scale cryogenic bolometer array, recently began operation at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy. The array represents a significant advancement in this technology, and in this work we apply it for the first time to a high-sensitivity search for a lepton-number-violating process: ^{130}Te neutrinoless double-beta decay. Examining a total TeO_{2} exposure of 86.3 kg yr, characterized by an effective energy resolution of (7.7±0.5) keV FWHM and a background in the region of interest of (0.014±0.002) counts/(keV kg yr), we find no evidence for neutrinoless double-beta decay. Including systematic uncertainties, we place a lower limit on the decay half-life of T_{1/2}^{0ν}(^{130}Te)1.3×10^{25} yr (90% C.L.); the median statistical sensitivity of this search is 7.0×10^{24} yr. Combining this result with those of two earlier experiments, Cuoricino and CUORE-0, we find T_{1/2}^{0ν}(^{130}Te)1.5×10^{25} yr (90% C.L.), which is the most stringent limit to date on this decay. Interpreting this result as a limit on the effective Majorana neutrino mass, we find m_{ββ}(110-520) meV, where the range reflects the nuclear matrix element estimates employed.
Published: 2018

6. Spectral Characteristics of Asteroid (162173) Ryugu with Hayabusa2 NIRS3

Author: Takir, D., Kitazato, K., Milliken, R. E., Iwata, T., Abe, M., Ohtake, M., Matsuura, S., Nakauchi, Y., Nakamura, T., Matsuoka, M., Senshu, H., Hiroi, T., Pilorget, C., Brunetto, R., Poulet, F., Riu, L., Bibring, J.-P., Domingue, D. L., Vilas, F., Barucci, M. A., Perna, D., Palomba, E., Galiano, A., Tsumura, K., Osawa, T., Komatsu, M., Nakato, A., Arai, T., Takato, N., Matsunaga, T., Takagi, Y., Matsumoto, K., Kouyama, T., Yokota, Y., Tatsumi, E., Sakatani, N., Yamamoto, Y., Okada, T., Sugita, S., Honda, R., Morota, T., Kameda, S., Sawada, H., Honda, C., Yamada, M., Suzuki, H., Yoshioka, K., Hayakawa, M., Ogawa, K., Cho, Y., Shirai, K., Shimaki, Y., Hirata, N., Yamaguchi, A., Ogawa, N., Terui, F., Yamaguchi, T., Takei, Y., SAIKI, T., Nakazawa, S., Tanaka, S., Yoshikawa, M., Watanabe, S., Tsuda, Y., Department of Geological Sciences [Providence], Brown University, Department of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Nagoya Institute, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University [Tokyo] (TMU), RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science [Wako] (RIKEN RNC), RIKEN - Institute of Physical and Chemical Research [Japon] (RIKEN), Tsukuba Space Center (TKSC), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Tokyo] (JAXA), Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GEOMA, Université de Vigo, Universidade de Vigo, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Department of Physics, Tokyo, Waseda University, IHP Microelctronics, Institute of Ecology, Tallinn University-Tallinn University, Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Sagamihara] (JAXA), Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo (UTokyo), University of Electro-Communications [Tokyo] (UEC), Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL SLAC), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Stanford University-Stanford University, Antarctic Meteorite Research Center, National Institute of Polar Research [Tokyo] (NiPR), Advanced Materials Institute and Department of Chemistry, Fukuoka University, Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Institute for Research on Earth Evolution [Yokosuka] (IFREE), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Plasma Research Center, Université de Tsukuba = University of Tsukuba, Tokyo Metropolitan University [Tokyo], RIKEN Nishina Center (for Accelerator-Based Science), Universidate de Vigo, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The University of Tokyo, Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory (SSRL), Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, and University of Tsukuba
Subjects: [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract: International audience; We report recent results of the surface composition of asteroid 162173 Ryugu from Hayabusa2 near-infrared spectroscopy .
Published: 2019

7. Infrared Spectra of Dark Asteroid Ryugu and Carbonaceous Chondrites

Author: Matsuoka, M., Nakamura, T., Hiroi, T., Kitazato, K., Senshu, H., Iwata, T., Abe, M., Amano, K., Kobayashi, S., Osawa, T., Ohtake, M., Matsuura, S., Arai, T., Komatsu, M., Nakato, A., Nakauchi, Y., Pilorget, C., Brunetto, R., Poulet, F., Riu, L., Domingue, D. L., Vilas, F., Takir, D., Palomba, E., Galiano, A., Milliken, R., Perna, D., Barucci, M. A., Bibring, J. P., Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Brunetto, Rosario
Subjects: [SDU] Sciences of the Universe [physics], 6207 Comparative planetology, PLANETARY SCIENCES: SOLAR SYSTEM OBJECTS, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 6045 Physics and chemistry of materials, PLANETARY SCIENCES: SOLID SURFACE PLANETS, PLANETARY SCIENCES: COMETS AND SMALL BODIES, 5410 Composition, 6008 Composition
Abstract: International audience; Near-infrared Spectrometer (NIRS3) onboard Hayabusa2 successfully obtained reflectance spectra of the C-type near-Earth asteroid Ryugu over a wavelength range of 1.8-3.2 µm. It was observed that Ryugu exhibits very low albedo (less than 0.02 at 2.0 μm), a slightly positive spectral slope, and an ubiquitous weak OH absorption band at 2.72 μm. These properties are nearly homogeneous across the asteroid surface. However, data of regions near the equator with ~40 m spatial resolution (~20 km altitude) exhibit variations in the 2.0-μm albedo that are possibly associated with geomorphological features. Reflectance values are higher near crater rims and lower in crater centers. Future updates to the photometric correction may change these apparent associations, but it is also observed that spectra of several flat areas without any obvious geomorphological features show relatively high reflectance (e.g., near 270, 300, and 350 degrees longitude, close to the equatorial ridge). If verified, the brighter areas could indicate surface materials that (a) are relatively carbon-poor, (b) have different physical properties, such as smaller grain size and/or decreased porosity, and/or (c) exhibit different forms/degrees of space weathering. Comparing spectra of carbonaceous chondrites with those of Ryugu shows that no meteorites are an ideal spectral match to Ryugu at all wavelengths. However, spectra of shocked or heated carbonaceous chondrites are most similar with their low albedo and weak, narrow OH absorption feature at 2.72 μm. Future lab analyses of samples returned from Ryugu will provide additional information on the mineralogical and chemical properties of Ryugu and how these relate to its spectral characteristics. Acknowledgements: We appreciate support from the National Institute of Polar Research for providing carbonaceous chondrites, the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Core-to-Core Program "International Network of Planetary Sciences", the NASA Hayabusa2 Participating Scientist Program (NNX16AL34G), and the Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute 2016 (SSERVI16) Cooperative Agreement (NNH16ZDA001N) SSERVI-TREX.
Published: 2019

8. Multivariable statistical analysis of spectrophotometry and spectra of (162173) Ryugu as observed by JAXA Hayabusa2 mission

Author: Barucci, M. A., Hasselmann, P. H., Fulchignoni, M., Deshapriya, J. D. P., Perna, D., Domingue, D., Matsuura, S., Hiroi, T., Nakamura, T., Takir, D., Vilas, F., Hirata, N., Honda, Rie, Yokota, Yasuhiro, Sugita, Seiji, Kitazato, Kohei, Tatsumi, Eri, Morota, Tomokatsu, Kameda, Shingo, Iwata, Takahiro, Abe, Masanao, Ohtake, Makiko, Matsuoka, Moe, Kouyama, Toru, Suzuki, Hidehiko, Yamada, Manabu, Sakatani, Naoya, Honda, Chikatoshi, Ogawa, Kazunori, Hayakawa, Masahiko, Yoshioka, Kazuo, Cho, Yuichiro, Sawada, Hirotaka, Tanaka, Satoshi, Yamamoto, Yukio, Yoshikawa, Makoto, Watanabe, Sei-ichiro, Tsuda, Yuichi, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Context (language use), Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Space weathering, Spectral line, minor planets, asteroids: individual: RYUGU, minor planets asteroids: individual: RYUGU, techniques: photometric, Spectrophotometry, 0103 physical sciences, Spectral slope, medicine, 14. Life underwater, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Physics, methods: statistical, medicine.diagnostic_test, Mode (statistics), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Regolith, Space and Planetary Science, Asteroid, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], techniques: spectroscopic
Abstract: 著者人数: 39名, Accepted: 2019-07-04, 資料番号: SA1190099000
Published: 2019

9. Hayabusa2/NIRS3 spectral observations of asteroid (162173) Ryugu

Author: Brunetto, R., Kitazato, K., Iwata, T., Abe, M., Ohtake, M., Matsuura, S., Arai, T., Nakauchi, Y., Nakamura, T., Matsuoka, M., Senshu, H., Hirata, N., Hiroi, T., Pilorget, C., Poulet, F., Riu, L., Domingue, D. L., Takir, D., Palomba, E., Milliken, R., Perna, D., Barucci, M. A., Bibring, J. P., Watanabe, S., Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Environmental and Materials Engineering, Nagoya Institute, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University [Tokyo] (TMU), RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science [Wako] (RIKEN RNC), RIKEN - Institute of Physical and Chemical Research [Japon] (RIKEN), Tsukuba Space Center (TKSC), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency [Tokyo] (JAXA), Brown University, Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences [Pasadena], California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA (UMR_8109)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Tokyo Metropolitan University [Tokyo], RIKEN Nishina Center (for Accelerator-Based Science), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)
Subjects: PLANETARY SCIENCES: COMETS AND SMALL BODIESDE: 6205 Asteroids, PLANETARY SCIENCES: SOLAR SYSTEM OBJECTS, [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], PLANETARY SCIENCES: SOLAR SYSTEM OBJECTSDE: 6207 Comparative planetology, 6040 Origin and evolution, PLANETARY SCIENCES: COMETS AND SMALL BODIESDE: 6055 Surfaces
Abstract: International audience; On 27 June 2018, JAXA's Hayabusa2 spacecraft arrived at a distance of 20 km from its target 162173 Ryugu, a sub-km sized asteroid in the near-Earth space, and began its 1.5-year asteroid proximity operation. We have performed near-infrared (1.8-3.2 µm) spectroscopic observations of Ryugu using the NIRS3 instrument onboard Hayabusa2 to begin characterizing and mapping the surface composition. The initial data, obtained by NIRS3 at a spatial resolution of about 35 m, show a very dark surface with little spectral variations across the surface. At this stage, the lack of a significant 2.7-µm feature illustrates that the spectra of Ryugu are different from those of phyllosilicate-rich carbonaceous chondrites. We will present the results of the analysis of the NIRS3 data, including the high-resolution data to be obtained during the first descent operations.
Published: 2018

10. First results from CUORE: A search for lepton number violation via 0vßß decay of 130Te

Author: Alduino, C., Alessandria, F., Alfonso, K., Andreotti, E., Arnaboldi, C., Avignone, F.T., III, Azzolini, O., Balata, M., Bandac, I., Banks, T.I., Bari, G., Barucci, M., Beeman, J.W., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Bersani, A., Biare, D., Biassoni, M., Bragazzi, F., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bryant, A., Buccheri, A., Bucci, C., Bulfon, C., Camacho, A., Caminata, A., Canonica, L., Cao, X.G., Capelli, S., Capodiferro, M., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Cariello, M., Carniti, P., Carrettoni, M., Casali, N., Cassina, L., Cereseto, R., Ceruti, G., Chiarini, A., Chiesa, D., Chott, N., Clemenza, M., Conventi, D., Copello, S., Cosmelli, C., Cremonesi, O., Crescentini, C., Creswick, R.J., Cushman, J.S., D'Addabbo, A., D'Aguanno, D., Dafinei, I., Datskov, V., Davis, C.J., Del Corso, F., Dell'Oro, S., Deninno, M.M., Di Domizio, S., Di Vacri, M.L., Di Paolo, L., Drobizhev, A., Ejzak, L., Faccini, R., Fang, D.Q., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M.A., Freedman, S.J., Fujikawa, B.K., Gaigher, R., Giachero, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gladstone, L., Goett, J., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Guandalini, C., Guerzoni, M., Gutierrez, T.D., Haller, E.E., Han, K., Hansen, E.V., Heeger, K.M., Hennings-Yeomans, R., Hickerson, K.P., Huang, H.Z., Iannone, M., Ioannucci, L., Kadel, R., Keppel, G., Kogler, L., Kolomensky, Y.G., Leder, A., Ligi, C., Lim, K.E., Liu, X., Ma, Y.G., Maiano, C., Maino, M., Marini, L., Martinez, M., Amaya, C.M., Maruyama, R.H., Mei, Y., Moggi, N., Morganti, S., Mosteiro, P.J., Nagorny, S.S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nisi, S., Nones, C., Norman, E.B., Novati, V., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olcese, M., Olivieri, E., Orio, F., Orlandi, D., Ouellet, J.L., Pagliarone, C.E., Pallavicini, M., Palmieri, V., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pedretti, M., Pedrotta, R., Pelosi, A., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Piperno, G., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Reindl, F., Rimondi, F., Risegari, L., Rosenfeld, C., Rossi, C., Rusconi, C., Sakai, M., Sala, E., Salvioni, C., Sangiorgio, S., Santone, D., Schaeffer, D., Schmidt, B., Schmidt, J., Scielzo, N.D., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Smith, A.R., Stivanello, F., Taffarello, L., Tatananni, L., Tenconi, M., Terranova, F., Tessaro, M., Tomei, C., Ventura, G., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S.L., Wallig, J., Wang, B.S., Wang, H.W., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L.A., Wise, T., Zanotti, L., Zarra, C., Zhang, G.Q., Zhu, B.X., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.
Abstract: The CUORE experiment, a ton-scale cryogenic bolometer array, recently began operation at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy. The array represents a significant advancement in this technology, and in this work we apply it for the first time to a high-sensitivity search for a lepton-numberviolating process: 130Te neutrinoless double-beta decay. Examining a total TeO2 exposure of 86.3 kg yr, characterized by an effective energy resolution of d7.7 ± 0.5T keV FWHM and a background in the region of interest of d0.014 ± 0.002T counts=dkeV kg yrT, we find no evidence for neutrinoless double-beta decay. Including systematic uncertainties, we place a lower limit on the decay half-life of T0¿ 1/2 (130Te) > 1.3 × 1025 yr (90% C.L.); the median statistical sensitivity of this search is 7.0 × 1024 yr. Combining this result with those of two earlier experiments, Cuoricino and CUORE-0, we find T0¿ 1/2 (130Te) > 1.5 × 1025 yr (90% C.L.), which is the most stringent limit to date on this decay. Interpreting this result as a limit on the effective Majorana neutrino mass, we find mßß < (110 - 520) meV, where the range reflects the nuclear matrix element estimates employed.
Published: 2018

11. The Seasonal Cycle of Water Ice at the Surface of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko as Observed by Virtis Onboard Rosetta

Author: Ciarniello, M., Filacchione, G., Capaccioni, F., Desanctis, M.C., Capria, M. T., Raponi, A., Tosi, F., Formisano, M., Longobardo, A, Rinaldi, G., Erard, S., Bockelee-Morvan, D., Leyrat, C., Arnold, Gabriele, Barucci, M. A., Quirico, E., Fornasier, S., Kappel, David, Rousseau, Batiste, and Mottola, Stefano
Subjects: Rosetta, Comet 67P, VIRTIS, Composition
Published: 2018

12. Tensile strength of 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko nucleus material from overhangs

Author: Attree , N., Groussin , O., Jorda , L., Nébouy , D., Thomas , N., Brouet , Y., Kührt , E., Preusker , F., Scholten , F., Knollenberg , J., Hartogh , P., Sierks , H., Barbieri , C., Lamy , P., Rodrigo , R., Koschny , D., Rickman , H., Keller , H. U., A'Hearn , M. F., Auger , A.-T., Barucci , M. A., Bertaux , J.-L., Bertini , I., Bodewits , D., Boudreault , S., Cremonese , G., Da Deppo , V., Davidsson , B., Debei , S., De Cecco , M., Deller , J., El-Maarry , M. R., Fornasier , S., Fulle , M., Gutiérrez , P. J., Güttler , C., Hviid , S., Ip , W.-H., Kovacs , G., Kramm , J. R., Küppers , M., Lara , L. M., Lazzarin , M., Lopez Moreno , J. J., Lowry , S., Marchi , S., Marzari , F., Mottola , S., Naletto , G., Oklay , N., Pajola , M., Toth , I., Tubiana , C., Vincent , J.-B., Shi , X., A’Hearn , M., Gutierrez , J., Lara , M., Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille ( LAM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern], DLR Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center ( DLR ), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] ( DLR ), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung ( MPS ), Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Universita degli Studi di Padova, Research and Scientific Support Department, ESTEC ( RSSD ), European Space Research and Technology Centre ( ESTEC ), European Space Agency ( ESA ) -European Space Agency ( ESA ), Space Research Centre [Warsaw] ( CBK ), Polska Akademia Nauk ( PAN ), Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique ( LESIA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' ( CISAS ), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova ( OAPD ), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ( INAF ), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies ( IFN ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste ( OAT ), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía ( IAA ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), Space Science Institute [Macau] ( SSI ), Macau University of Science and Technology ( MUST ), European Space Astronomy Center ( ESAC ), European Space Agency ( ESA ), Centre for Astrophysics and Planetary Science [Canterbury] ( CAPS ), University of Kent [Canterbury], Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute ( SSERVI ), Southwest Research Institute [Boulder] ( SwRI ), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova ( INFN, Sezione di Padova ), National Institute for Nuclear Physics ( INFN ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry ( INPAC ), and Katholieke Universiteit Leuven ( KU Leuven )
Subjects: Methods: observational, comets: general, [ SDU.ASTR.EP ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], comets: individual: Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Abstract: International audience; We directly measured twenty overhanging cliffs on the surface of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko extracted from the latest shape model and estimated the minimum tensile strengths needed to support them against collapse under the comet's gravity. We find extremely low strengths of around 1 Pa or less (1 to 5 Pa, when scaled to a metre length). The presence of eroded material at the base of most overhangs, as well as the observed collapse of two features andthe implied previous collapse of another, suggests that they are prone to failure and that the true material strengths are close to these lower limits (although we only consider static stresses and not dynamic stress from, for example, cometary activity). Thus, a tensile strength of a few pascals is a good approximation for the tensile strength of the 67P nucleus material, which is in agreement with previous work. We find no particular trends in overhang properties either with size over the 10-100 m range studied here or location on the nucleus. There are no obvious differences, in terms of strength, height or evidence of collapse, between the populations of overhangs on the two cometary lobes, suggesting that 67P is relatively homogenous in terms of tensile strength. Low material strengths are supportive of cometary formation as a primordial rubble pile or by collisional fragmentation of a small body (tens of km).
Published: 2018

13. Meter-scale thermal contraction crack polygons on the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author: Auger , A.-T., Groussin , O., Jorda , L., El-Maarry , M. R., Bouley , S., Sejourne , A., Gaskell , R., Capanna , C., Davidsson , B., Marchi , S., Höfner , S., Lamy , P. L., Sierks , H., Barbieri , C., Rodrigo , R., Koschny , D., Rickman , H., Keller , H. U., Agarwal , J., A'Hearn , M. F., Barucci , M. A., Bertaux , J.-L., Bertini , I., Cremonese , G., Da Deppo , V., Debei , S., De Cecco , M., Fornasier , S., Fulle , M., Gutiérrez , P. J., Güttler , C., Hviid , S., Ip , W.-H., Knollenberg , J., Kramm , J.-R., Kührt , E., Küppers , M., Lara , L. M., Lazzarin , M., Lopez Moreno , J. J., Marzari , F., Massironi , M., Michalik , H., Naletto , G., Oklay , N., Pommerol , A., Sabau , L., Thomas , N., Tubiana , C., Vincent , J.-B., Wenzel , K.-P., Lamy , L., A’Hearn , M., Barucci , A., BERTAUX , L., Gutierrez , J., Ip , H., Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille ( LAM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern], Institut de Mécanique Céleste et de Calcul des Ephémérides ( IMCCE ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Interactions et dynamique des environnements de surface ( IDES ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Planetary Science Institute [Tucson] ( PSI ), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute ( SSERVI ), Southwest Research Institute [Boulder] ( SwRI ), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung ( MPS ), Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Universita degli Studi di Padova, Research and Scientific Support Department, ESTEC ( RSSD ), European Space Research and Technology Centre ( ESTEC ), European Space Agency ( ESA ) -European Space Agency ( ESA ), Space Research Centre [Warsaw] ( CBK ), Polska Akademia Nauk ( PAN ), European Space Agency ( ESA ), Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique ( LESIA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' ( CISAS ), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova ( OAPD ), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ( INAF ), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies ( IFN ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste ( OAT ), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía ( IAA ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), DLR Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center ( DLR ), Space Science Institute [Macau] ( SSI ), Macau University of Science and Technology ( MUST ), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] ( DLR ), European Space Astronomy Center ( ESAC ), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova ( INFN, Sezione di Padova ), National Institute for Nuclear Physics ( INFN ), Dipartimento di Geoscienze [Padova], Institut für Datentechnik und Kommunikationsnetze, Technische Universität Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial ( INTA ), Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry ( INPAC ), and Katholieke Universiteit Leuven ( KU Leuven )
Subjects: Comets, Geological processes, [ SDU.ASTR.EP ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], Nucleus, [ SDU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics], [ SDU.ASTR ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; We report on the detection and characterization of more than 6300 polygons on the surface of the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, using images acquired by the OSIRIS camera onboard Rosetta between August 2014 and March 2015. They are found in consolidated terrains and grouped in localized networks. They are present at all latitudes (from North to South) and longitudes (head, neck, and body), sometimes on pit walls or following lineaments. About 1.5% of the observed surface is covered by polygons. Polygons have an homogeneous size across the nucleus, with 90% of them in the size range 1 - 5 m and a mean size of 3.0 ± 1.4 m. They show different morphologies, depending on the width and depth of their trough. They are found in networks with 3- or 4-crack intersection nodes. The polygons observed on 67P are consistent with thermal contraction crack polygons formed by the diurnal or seasonal temperature variations in a hard (MPa) and consolidated sintered layer of water ice, located a few centimeters below the surface. Our thermal analysis shows an evolution of thermal contraction crack polygons according to the local thermal environment, with more evolved polygons (i.e. deeper and larger troughs) where the temperature and the diurnal and seasonal temperature range are the highest. Thermal contraction crack polygons are young surface morphologies that probably formed after the injection of 67P in the inner solar system, typically 100,000 years ago, and could be as young as a few orbital periods, following the decreasing of its perihelion distance in 1959 from 2.7 to 1.3 a.u. Meter scale thermal contraction crack polygons should be common features on the nucleus of Jupiter family comets.
Published: 2018

14. Corrigendum: Tensile strength of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko nucleus material from overhangs (Astronomy and Astrophysics (2018) 611 (A33) DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201732155)

Author: Attree, N., Groussin, O., Jorda, L., Nebouy, D., Thomas, N., Brouet, Y., Kuhrt, E., Preusker, F., Scholten, F., Knollenberg, J., Hartogh, P., Sierks, H., Barbieri, C., Lamy, P., Rodrigo, R., Koschny, D., Rickman, H., Keller, H. U., A'Hearn, M. F., Auger, A. -T., Barucci, M. A., Bertaux, J. -L., Bertini, I., Bodewits, D., Boudreault, S., Cremonese, G., Deppo, V. D., Davidsson, B., Debei, S., De Cecco, M., Deller, J., El-Maarry, M. R., Fornasier, S., Fulle, M., Gutierrez, P. J., Guttler, C., Hviid, S., W. -H., Ip, Kovacs, G., Kramm, J. R., Kuppers, M., Lara, L. M., Lazzarin, M., Lopez Moreno, J. J., Lowry, S., Marchi, S., Marzari, F., Mottola, S., Naletto, G., Oklay, N., Pajola, M., Toth, I., Tubiana, C., Vincent, J. -B., and Shi, X.
Subjects: comets: general, methods: observational, addenda, comets: individual: Churyumov-Gerasimenko, errata, errata, addenda
Published: 2018

15. First results from CUORE: A search for lepton number violation via 0νββ decay of130Te

Author: Alduino, C, Alessandria, F, Alfonso, K, Andreotti, E, Arnaboldi, C, Avignone, FT, Azzolini, O, Balata, M, Bandac, I, Banks, TI, Bari, G, Barucci, M, Beeman, JW, Bellini, F, Benato, G, Bersani, A, Biare, D, Biassoni, M, Bragazzi, F, Branca, A, Brofferio, C, Bryant, A, Buccheri, A, Bucci, C, Bulfon, C, Camacho, A, Caminata, A, Canonica, L, Cao, XG, Capelli, S, Capodiferro, M, Cappelli, L, Cardani, L, Cariello, M, Carniti, P, Carrettoni, M, Casali, N, Cassina, L, Cereseto, R, Ceruti, G, Chiarini, A, Chiesa, D, Chott, N, Clemenza, M, Conventi, D, Copello, S, Cosmelli, C, Cremonesi, O, Crescentini, C, Creswick, RJ, Cushman, JS, D'Addabbo, A, D'Aguanno, D, Dafinei, I, Datskov, V, Davis, CJ, Del Corso, F, Dell'Oro, S, Deninno, MM, Di Domizio, S, Di Vacri, ML, Di Paolo, L, Drobizhev, A, Ejzak, L, Faccini, R, Fang, DQ, Faverzani, M, Ferri, E, and Ferroni, F
Subjects: hep-ex, nucl-ex, physics.ins-det
Abstract: © 2018 American Physical Society. The CUORE experiment, a ton-scale cryogenic bolometer array, recently began operation at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy. The array represents a significant advancement in this technology, and in this work we apply it for the first time to a high-sensitivity search for a lepton-numberviolating process:130Te neutrinoless double-beta decay. Examining a total TeO2 exposure of 86.3 kg yr, characterized by an effective energy resolution of d7.7 ± 0.5T keV FWHM and a background in the region of interest of d0.014 ± 0.002T counts=dkeV kg yrT, we find no evidence for neutrinoless double-beta decay. Including systematic uncertainties, we place a lower limit on the decay half-life of T0ν1/2(130Te) > 1.3 × 1025yr (90% C.L.); the median statistical sensitivity of this search is 7.0 × 1024yr. Combining this result with those of two earlier experiments, Cuoricino and CUORE-0, we find T0ν1/2(130Te) > 1.5 × 1025yr (90% C.L.), which is the most stringent limit to date on this decay. Interpreting this result as a limit on the effective Majorana neutrino mass, we find mββ< (110 - 520) meV, where the range reflects the nuclear matrix element estimates employed.
Published: 2018

16. First Results from CUORE: A Search for Lepton Number Violation via $0\nu\beta\beta$ Decay of $^{130}$Te

Author: CUORE Collaboration, Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Andreotti, E., Arnaboldi, C., Avignone III, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bandac, I., Banks, T. I., Bari, G., Barucci, M., Beeman, J. W., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Bersani, A., Biare, D., Biassoni, M., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bryant, A., Buccheri, A., Bucci, C., Bulfon, C., Camacho, A., Caminata, A., Canonica, L., Cao, X. G., Capelli, S., Capodiferro, M., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Carrettoni, M., Casali, N., Cassina, L., Ceruti, G., Chiarini, A., Chiesa, D., Chott, N., Clemenza, M., Copello, S., Cosmelli, C., Cremonesi, O., Crescentini, C., Creswick, R. J., Cushman, J. S., D'Addabbo, A., D'Aguanno, D., Dafinei, I., Davis, C. J., Del Corso, F., Dell'Oro, S., Deninno, M. M., Di Domizio, S., Di Vacri, M. L., Di Paolo, L., Drobizhev, A., Ejzak, L., Faccini, R., Fang, D. Q., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fujikawa, B. K., Giachero, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gladstone, L., Goett, J., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Guandalini, C., Guerzoni, M., Gutierrez, T. D., Haller, E. E., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Hennings-Yeomans, R., Hickerson, K. P., Huang, H. Z., Iannone, M., Kadel, R., Keppel, G., Kogler, L., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Leder, A., Ligi, C., Lim, K. E., Ma, Y. G., Maiano, C., Marini, L., Martinez, M., Amaya, C. Martinez, Maruyama, R. H., Mei, Y., Moggi, N., Morganti, S., Mosteiro, P. J., Nagorny, S. S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Novati, V., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olivieri, E., Orio, F., Ouellet, J. L., Pagliarone, C. E., Pallavicini, M., Palmieri, V., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pedretti, M., Pelosi, A., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Piperno, G., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Reindl, F., Rimondi, F., Risegari, L., Rosenfeld, C., Rusconi, C., Sakai, M., Sala, E., Salvioni, C., Sangiorgio, S., Santone, D., Schaeffer, D., Schmidt, B., Schmidt, J., Scielzo, N. D., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Smith, A. R., Stivanello, F., Taffarello, L., Tenconi, M., Terranova, F., Tomei, C., Ventura, G., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wang, B. S., Wang, H. W., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Wise, T., Zanotti, L., Zhang, G. Q., Zhu, B. X., Zimmermann, S., Zucchelli, S., Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière (CSNSM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, CUORE, Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPhP), Centre de Sciences Nucléaires et de Sciences de la Matière ( CSNSM ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) ( DPP ), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers ( IRFU ), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay
Subjects: double-beta decay: neutrinoless, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, energy resolution, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], High Energy Physics - Experiment, background: low, double-beta decay: (0neutrino), bolometer, [ PHYS.HEXP ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], [ PHYS.NEXP ] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Nuclear Experiment, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], lepton number: violation, S076H0N, CUORE, background, nucleus, neutrino: Majorana: mass, sensitivity, Gran Sasso, Automatic Keywords, cryogenics, S076MW, statistical, experimental results
Abstract: The CUORE experiment, a ton-scale cryogenic bolometer array, recently began operation at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy. The array represents a significant advancement in this technology, and in this work we apply it for the first time to a high-sensitivity search for a lepton-number--violating process: $^{130}$Te neutrinoless double-beta decay. Examining a total TeO$_2$ exposure of 86.3 kg$\cdot$yr, characterized by an effective energy resolution of (7.7 $\pm$ 0.5) keV FWHM and a background in the region of interest of (0.014 $\pm$ 0.002) counts/(keV$\cdot$kg$\cdot$yr), we find no evidence for neutrinoless double-beta decay. The median statistical sensitivity of this search is $7.0\times10^{24}$ yr. Including systematic uncertainties, we place a lower limit on the decay half-life of $T^{0\nu}_{1/2}$($^{130}$Te) > $1.3\times 10^{25}$ yr (90% C.L.). Combining this result with those of two earlier experiments, Cuoricino and CUORE-0, we find $T^{0\nu}_{1/2}$($^{130}$Te) > $1.5\times 10^{25}$ yr (90% C.L.), which is the most stringent limit to date on this decay. Interpreting this result as a limit on the effective Majorana neutrino mass, we find $m_{\beta\beta}, Comment: Published in PRL, reference and DOI added
Published: 2018

17. First results from CUORE: a search for lepton number violation via 0νββ Decay of Te130

Author: Alduino, C., Alessandria, F., Alfonso, K., Andreotti, E., Arnaboldi, C., Avignone, F. T., Azzolini, O., Balata, M., Bandac, I., Banks, T. I., Bari, G., Barucci, M., Beeman, J. W., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Bersani, A., Biare, D., Biassoni, M., Bragazzi, F., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bryant, A., Buccheri, A., Bucci, C., Bulfon, C., Camacho, A., Caminata, A., Canonica, L., Cao, X. G., Capelli, S., Capodiferro, M., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Cariello, M., Carniti, P., Carrettoni, M., Casali, N., Cassina, L., Cereseto, R., Ceruti, G., Chiarini, A., Chiesa, D., Chott, N., Clemenza, M., Conventi, D., Copello, S., Cosmelli, C., Cremonesi, O., Crescentini, C., Creswick, R. J., Cushman, J. S., D’Addabbo, A., D’Aguanno, D., Dafinei, I., Datskov, V., Davis, C. J., Del Corso, F., Dell’Oro, S., Deninno, M. M., Di Domizio, S., Di Vacri, M. L., Di Paolo, L., Drobizhev, A., Ejzak, L., Faccini, R., Fang, D. Q., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fujikawa, B. K., Gaigher, R., Giachero, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gladstone, L., Goett, J., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Guandalini, C., Guerzoni, M., Gutierrez, T. D., Haller, E. E., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Hennings-Yeomans, R., Hickerson, K. P., Huang, H. Z., Iannone, M., Ioannucci, L., Kadel, R., Keppel, G., Kogler, L., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Leder, A., Ligi, C., Lim, K. E., Liu, X., Y. G., Ma, Maiano, C., Maino, M., Marini, L., Martinez, M., Martinez Amaya, C., Maruyama, R. H., Mei, Y., Moggi, N., Morganti, S., Mosteiro, P. J., Nagorny, S. S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nisi, S., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Novati, V., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O’Donnell, T., Olcese, M., Olivieri, E., Orio, F., Orlandi, D., Ouellet, J. L., Pagliarone, C. E., Pallavicini, M., Palmieri, V., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pedretti, M., Pedrotta, R., Pelosi, A., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Piperno, G., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Reindl, F., Rimondi, F., Risegari, L., Rosenfeld, C., Rossi, C., Rusconi, C., Sakai, M., Sala, E., Salvioni, C., Sangiorgio, S., Santone, D., Schaeffer, D., Schmidt, B., Schmidt, J., Scielzo, N. D., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Smith, A. R., Stivanello, F., Taffarello, L., Tatananni, L., Tenconi, M., Terranova, F., Tessaro, M., Tomei, C., Ventura, G., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wallig, J., Wang, B. S., Wang, H. W., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Wise, T., Zanotti, L., Zarra, C., Zhang, G. Q., Zhu, B. X., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.
Subjects: contamination, double beta decay, response stabilization, rare decays, detectors, bolometers, limits
Published: 2018

18. Temporal evolution of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko's surface as observed by VIRTIS-M

Author: Ciarniello, M., Filacchione, G., Capaccioni, F., Raponi, A., Desanctis, M.C., Tosi, F., Capria, M. T., Formisano, M., Erard, S., Bockelee-Morvan, D., Leyrat, C., Arnold, Gabriele, Barucci, M. A., Quirico, E., Fornasier, S., Kappel, David, Longobardo, A, Rousseau, Batiste, Mottola, S., Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])
Subjects: Asteroiden und Kometen, 67P, composition, Rosetta, VIRTIS, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; We report about the seasonal evolution of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko's surface as inferred from VIRTIS-Rosetta measurements. We analyze observations performed from August 2014, when the comet was at a heliocentric distance of 3.5 AU along the inbound part of the orbit, up to the end of the Rosetta mission in September 2016, when 67P was at 3.8 AU outbound.
Published: 2017

19. Modeling of the outburst on July 29th, 2015 observed with OSIRIS cameras in the southern hemisphere of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author: Gicquel, A., Rose, M., Vincent, J. -B., Davidsson, B., Bodewits, D., Hearn, M. F. A, Agarwal, J., Fougere, N., Sierks, H., Bertini, I., Lin, Z. -Y., Barbieri, C., Lamy, P. L., Rodrigo, R., Koschny, D., Rickman, H., Keller, H. U., Barucci, M. A., Bertaux, J. -L., Besse, S., Boudreault, S., Cremonese, G., Da Deppo, V., Debei, S., Deller, J., De Cecco, M., Frattin, E., El-Maarry, M. R., Fornasier, S., Fulle, M., Groussin, O., Gutierrez, P. J., Gutierrez-Marquez, P., Guttler, C., Hofner, S., Hofmann, M., Hu, X., Hviid, S. F., Ip, W. -H., Jorda, L., Knollenberg, J., Kovacs, G., Kramm, J. -R., Kuhrt, E., Kuppers, M., Lara, L. M., Lazzarin, M., Moreno, J. J. Lopez, Lowry, S., Marzari, F., Masoumzadeh, N., Massironi, M., Moreno, F., Mottola, S., Naletto, G., Oklay, N., Pajola, M., Preusker, F., Scholten, F., Shi, X., Thomas, N., Toth, I., and Tubiana, C.
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Images of the nucleus and the coma (gas and dust) of comet 67P/Churyumov- Gerasimenko have been acquired by the OSIRIS (Optical, Spectroscopic, and Infrared Remote Imaging System) cameras since March 2014 using both the Wide Angle Camera (WAC) and the Narrow Angle Camera (NAC). We use images from the NAC camera to study a bright outburst observed in the southern hemisphere on July 29, 2015. The high spatial resolution of the NAC is needed to localize the source point of the outburst on the surface of the nucleus. The heliocentric distance is 1.25 au and the spacecraft-comet distance is 186 km. Aiming to better understand the physics that led to the outgassing, we used the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method to study the gas flow close to the nucleus and the dust trajectories. The goal is to understand the mechanisms producing the outburst. We reproduce the opening angle of the outburst in the model and constrain the outgassing ratio between the outburst source and the local region. The outburst is in fact a combination of both gas and dust, in which the active surface is approximately 10 times more active than the average rate found in the surrounding areas. We need a number of dust particles 7.83 $\times$ 10$^{11}$ - 6.90 $\times$ 10$^{15}$ (radius 1.97 - 185 {\mu}m), which corresponds to a mass of dust 220 - 21 $\times$ 10$^{3}$kg., Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures
Published: 2017

20. First Results from CUORE: A Search for Lepton Number Violation via $0��$ Decay of $^{130}$Te

Author: CUORE Collaboration, Alduino, C., Alfonso, K., Andreotti, E., Arnaboldi, C., Avignone, F. T., Azzolini, O., Bandac, I., Banks, T. I., Bari, G., Barucci, M., Beeman, J. W., Bellini, F., Benato, G., Bersani, A., Biare, D., Biassoni, M., Branca, A., Brofferio, C., Bryant, A., Buccheri, A., Bucci, C., Bulfon, C., Camacho, A., Caminata, A., Canonica, L., Cao, X. G., Capelli, S., Capodiferro, M., Cappelli, L., Cardani, L., Carniti, P., Carrettoni, M., Casali, N., Cassina, L., Ceruti, G., Chiarini, A., Chiesa, D., Chott, N., Clemenza, M., Copello, S., Cosmelli, C., Cremonesi, O., Crescentini, C., Creswick, R. J., Cushman, J. S., D'Addabbo, A., D'Aguanno, D., Dafinei, I., Davis, C. J., Del Corso, F., Dell'Oro, S., Deninno, M. M., Di Domizio, S., Di Vacri, M. L., Di Paolo, L., Drobizhev, A., Ejzak, L., Faccini, R., Fang, D. Q., Faverzani, M., Ferri, E., Ferroni, F., Fiorini, E., Franceschi, M. A., Freedman, S. J., Fujikawa, B. K., Giachero, A., Gironi, L., Giuliani, A., Gladstone, L., Goett, J., Gorla, P., Gotti, C., Guandalini, C., Guerzoni, M., Gutierrez, T. D., Haller, E. E., Han, K., Hansen, E. V., Heeger, K. M., Hennings-Yeomans, R., Hickerson, K. P., Huang, H. Z., Iannone, M., Kadel, R., Keppel, G., Kogler, L., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Leder, A., Ligi, C., Lim, K. E., Ma, Y. G., Maiano, C., Marini, L., Martinez, M., Amaya, C. Martinez, Maruyama, R. H., Mei, Y., Moggi, N., Morganti, S., Mosteiro, P. J., Nagorny, S. S., Napolitano, T., Nastasi, M., Nones, C., Norman, E. B., Novati, V., Nucciotti, A., Nutini, I., O'Donnell, T., Olivieri, E., Orio, F., Ouellet, J. L., Pagliarone, C. E., Pallavicini, M., Palmieri, V., Pattavina, L., Pavan, M., Pedretti, M., Pelosi, A., Pessina, G., Pettinacci, V., Piperno, G., Pira, C., Pirro, S., Pozzi, S., Previtali, E., Reindl, F., Rimondi, F., Risegari, L., Rosenfeld, C., Rusconi, C., Sakai, M., Sala, E., Salvioni, C., Sangiorgio, S., Santone, D., Schaeffer, D., Schmidt, B., Schmidt, J., Scielzo, N. D., Singh, V., Sisti, M., Smith, A. R., Stivanello, F., Taffarello, L., Tenconi, M., Terranova, F., Tomei, C., Ventura, G., Vignati, M., Wagaarachchi, S. L., Wang, B. S., Wang, H. W., Welliver, B., Wilson, J., Wilson, K., Winslow, L. A., Wise, T., Zanotti, L., Zhang, G. Q., Zhu, B. X., Zimmermann, S., and Zucchelli, S.
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), FOS: Physical sciences, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
Abstract: The CUORE experiment, a ton-scale cryogenic bolometer array, recently began operation at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Italy. The array represents a significant advancement in this technology, and in this work we apply it for the first time to a high-sensitivity search for a lepton-number--violating process: $^{130}$Te neutrinoless double-beta decay. Examining a total TeO$_2$ exposure of 86.3 kg$\cdot$yr, characterized by an effective energy resolution of (7.7 $\pm$ 0.5) keV FWHM and a background in the region of interest of (0.014 $\pm$ 0.002) counts/(keV$\cdot$kg$\cdot$yr), we find no evidence for neutrinoless double-beta decay. The median statistical sensitivity of this search is $7.0\times10^{24}$ yr. Including systematic uncertainties, we place a lower limit on the decay half-life of $T^{0��}_{1/2}$($^{130}$Te) > $1.3\times 10^{25}$ yr (90% C.L.). Combining this result with those of two earlier experiments, Cuoricino and CUORE-0, we find $T^{0��}_{1/2}$($^{130}$Te) > $1.5\times 10^{25}$ yr (90% C.L.), which is the most stringent limit to date on this decay. Interpreting this result as a limit on the effective Majorana neutrino mass, we find $m_{��}, Published in PRL, reference and DOI added
Published: 2017
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21. Spectral and rotational properties of near-Earth asteroid (162173) Ryugu, target of the Hayabusa2 sample return mission

Author: Perna, D., Barucci, M. A., Alvarez-Candal, A., Kim, M.-J., Fornasier, S., Roh, D.-G., Muller, T. G., Kim, Y., Ishiguro, Masateru, Kuroda, Daisuke, Yoshikawa, Makoto, Hasegawa, Sunao, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Mitsubishi Research Institute, Inc., Plasma Research Center, Université de Tsukuba = University of Tsukuba, and Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research
Subjects: Physics, Rotation period, Very Large Telescope, asteroids: individual: (162173) Ryugu, Near-Earth object, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Context (language use), Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, techniques: photometric, Sample return mission, Meteorite, Space and Planetary Science, Observatory, Asteroid, 0103 physical sciences, minor planets, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, techniques: spectroscopic, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: 著者人数: 12名, Accepted: 2017-01-23, 資料番号: SA1160368000
Published: 2017

22. The global meter-level shape model of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author: Preusker, F., Scholten, F., Matz, K.-D., Roatsch, T., Hviid, S., Mottola, S., Knollenberg, J., Kührt, E., Pajola, M., Oklay, N., Vincent, J.-B., Davidsson, B., A'Hearn, M. F., Agarwal, J., Barbieri, C., Barucci, M. A., Bertaux, J.-L., Bertini, I., Cremonese, G., Da Deppo, V., Debei, S., De Cecco, M., Fornasier, S., Fulle, M., Groussin, O., Gutiérrez, P. J., Güttler, C., Ip, W.-H., Jorda, L., Keller, H. U., Koschny, D., Kramm, J. R., Küppers, M., Lamy, P., Lara, L. M., Lazzarin, M., Lopez Moreno, J. J., Marzari, F., Massironi, M., Naletto, G., Rickman, H., Rodrigo, R., Sierks, H., Thomas, Nicolas, and Tubiana, C.
Subjects: 520 Astronomy, 620 Engineering
Abstract: We performed a stereo-photogrammetric (SPG) analysis of more than 1500 Rosetta/OSIRIS NAC images of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P). The images with pixel scales in the range 0.2
Published: 2017
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23. The Italian contribution to the NEOShield-2 EU project: Results of the first year of activity

Author: Ieva, S., Dotto, E., Mazzotta Epifani, E., Di Paola, A., Speziali, R., Lazzarin, M., Bertini, I., Lazzaro, D., Arcoverde, P., Barucci, M. A., Perna, D., Perozzi, E., and Micheli, M.
Published: 2017

24. Comparison between layers stacks of 67P/CG comet and spectrophotometric variability obtained from OSIRIS data

Author: Ferrari, S., Penasa, L., La Forgia, F., Massironi, M., Naletto, G., Lazzarin, M., Fornasier, S., Barucci, M. A., Lucchetti, A., Pajola, M., Frattin, E., Bertini, I., Ferri, F., and Cremonese, G.
Published: 2017

25. NEOs physical properties and threat: first results of the Italian contribution to the NEOShield-2 project

Author: Ieva, S., Dotto, E., Mazzotta Epifani, E., Di Paola, A., Speziali, R., Lazzarin, M., Bertini, I., Barucci, M. A., Perna, D., Perozzi, E., and Micheli, M.
Published: 2017

26. Temporal Evolution of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko Surface Properties as Observed by VIRTIS-M from Pre-Perihelion to Post-Perihelion

Author: Ciarniello, M., Filacchione, G., Capaccioni, F., Raponi, A., Desanctis, M.C., Tosi, F., Migliorini, A., Piccioni, G., Cerroni, P., Capria, M. T., Erard, S., Bockelee-Morvan, D., Leyrat, C., Arnold, Gabriele, Barucci, M. A., Schmitt, B., Quirico, E., Fornasier, S., Kappel, David, Longobardo, A, Rousseau, Batiste, Mottola, S., ITA, FRA, DEU, Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali, INAF (IAPS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pôle Planétologie du LESIA, Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique = Laboratory of Space Studies and Instrumentation in Astrophysics (LESIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG ), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])
Subjects: Asteroiden und Kometen, 67P, comet, composition, Leitungsbereich PF, Rosetta, surface, VIRTIS, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: International audience; Introduction: The Visible and Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer [1] on board the Rosetta spacecraft acquired disk-resolved images of the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko for more than two years from August 2014 to September 2016. The observation campaigns have been carried out using both the visible (VIS) and infrared (IR) channels of the instrument covering the 0.25-5.1 mum spectral range up to May 2015 and by means of the sole VIS channel (0.25-1 mum) for the remaining part of the mission. This allowed monitoring the spectral properties of the comet surface as a function of the heliocentric distance for the inbound part of the orbit from 3.6 AU to perihelion (1.3 AU) and the outbound part up to 3.3 AU. Throughout this period the surface evolution was further complicated by the combination of the relatively large orbital eccentricity, of the irregular shape of 67P/CG's nucleus and of the inclination of its rotational axis (52° [2]) which amplify the seasonal effects. Method: The long-term variability of 67P's nucleus is described by means of spectral indicators as defined in [3] which are represented by the spectral slopes in the VIS (0.55-0.8 mum) and IR (1.2-2.0 mum) spectral ranges, the single scattering albedo at 0.55 mum [4] and the band area and band center of the 3.2 mum absorption feature [5]. These quantities are computed from photometrically corrected spectra [4], in order to remove observation geometry effects [5]. The spectral indicators are projected onto latitude-longitude maps of the nucleus at different times, in order to monitor both spatial and temporal variations. In parallel, the evolution of selected areas on 67P/CG's surface as selected by [3] is followed to monitor local variability. Preliminary results: The analysis of the VIS slope from observations taken from August 2014 to June 2016, corresponding to the Rosetta mission Medium Term Planning (MTP) observation phases from MTP006 to MTP030, indicates a progressive reduction (bluening) while the comet was approaching perihelion (August 2015, MTP019) during the inbound orbit leg, followed by an increase (reddening) starting immediately after perihelion passage along the outbound leg. This is in agreement with the seasonal color variations reported by OSIRIS [6]. Comparison of the average VIS spectral slope between MTP006 (3.4 AU) and MTP030 (3.2 AU), when the comet was along the inbound and outbound orbit respectively, at comparable heliocentric distance, indicates that the average spectral slope has increased on average by about 16%. We interpret these observations in terms of transport of water ice and dust. After perihelion the decrease of the cometary activity implies that the cometary dust grains expelled from the southern hemisphere fall back on the surface, thus mantling the nucleus. These dust grains are drier, at least on their surfaces, and cause a spectral reddening. The fact that the surface was "bluer" in August 2014 when we first observed the nucleus, means that a mechanism of transport of water ice, probably form the interior of the dry grains redeposited after the previous perihelion, was acting replenishing the water content of the surface layers. This is a strong evidence of the presence of a seasonal cycle of water ice, similar to the CO2 ice cycle observed by VIRTIS in the Anhur region [7]. Acknowledgments: The authors thank ASI-Italy, CNES-France, DLR-Germany, and NASA-USA, which supported this work. References: [1] Coradini A. et al. (2007) SSR, 128, 529-559. [2] Preusker F. et al. (2015) A&A, 583, A33. [3] Filacchione G. et al. (2016) Icarus, 274, 334-349. [4] Ciarniello et al. (2015) A&A, 583, A31. [5] Ciarniello et al. (2016), MNRAS, in press. [6] Fornasier et al., (2016), Science, DOI: 10.1126/science.aag2671. [7] Filacchione G. et al. Science, (2016) DOI: 10.1126/science.aag3161
Published: 2017

27. A photometric survey of Near-Earth Objects in support of the NEOShield-2 project

Author: Ieva, S., Dotto, E., Mazzotta Epifani, E., Perna, D., Barucci, M. A., Di Paola, A., Micheli, M., Perozzi, E., Speziali, R., Lazzarin, M., Bertini, I., Giunta, A., Lazzaro, D., and Arcoverde, P.
Published: 2017

28. Summer fireworks on comet 67P

Author: Vincent , J.-B., A'Hearn , M. F., Lin , Z.-Y., El-Maarry , M. R., Pajola , M., Sierks , H., Barbieri , C., Lamy , P. L., Rodrigo , R., Koschny , D., Rickman , H., Keller , H. U., Agarwal , J., Barucci , M. A., Bertaux , J.-L., Bertini , I., Besse , S., Bodewits , D., Cremonese , G., Da Deppo , V., Davidsson , B., Debei , S., De Cecco , M., Deller , J., Fornasier , S., Fulle , M., Gicquel , A., Groussin , O., Gutiérrez , P. J., Gutiérrez-Marquez , P., Güttler , C., Höfner , S., Hofmann , M., Hviid , S. F., Ip , W.-H., Jorda , L., Knollenberg , J., Kovacs , G., Kramm , J.-R., Kührt , E., Küppers , M., Lara , L. M., Lazzarin , M., Lopez Moreno , J. J., Marzari , F., Massironi , M., Mottola , S., Naletto , G., Oklay , N., Preusker , F., Scholten , F., Shi , X., Thomas , N., Toth , I., Tubiana , C., A'Hearn , F., Lamy , L., Gutierrez , J., Hviid , F., Lara , M., Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung ( MPS ), Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], Institute of Astronomy [Taiwan] ( IANCU ), National Central University [Taiwan] ( NCU ), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern], Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' ( CISAS ), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille ( LAM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Research and Scientific Support Department, ESTEC ( RSSD ), European Space Research and Technology Centre ( ESTEC ), European Space Agency ( ESA ) -European Space Agency ( ESA ), Space Research Centre [Warsaw] ( CBK ), Polska Akademia Nauk ( PAN ), European Space Agency ( ESA ), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique ( LESIA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova ( OAPD ), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ( INAF ), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies ( IFN ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste ( OAT ), Laboratoire des Sciences des Procédés et des Matériaux ( LSPM ), Université Paris 13 ( UP13 ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut Galilée-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía ( IAA ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), Space Science Institute [Macau] ( SSI ), Macau University of Science and Technology ( MUST ), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] ( DLR ), DLR Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center ( DLR ), European Space Astronomy Center ( ESAC ), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova ( INFN, Sezione di Padova ), National Institute for Nuclear Physics ( INFN ), Dipartimento di Geoscienze [Padova], Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institute for Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry ( INPAC ), and Katholieke Universiteit Leuven ( KU Leuven )
Subjects: comets: individual: 67P/Churyumov, [ SDU.ASTR.EP ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP], [ SDU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics], [ SDU.ASTR ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Gerasimenko
Abstract: International audience; During its 2 yr mission around comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, ESA's Rosetta spacecraft had the unique opportunity to follow closely a comet in the most active part of its orbit. Many studies have presented the typical features associated with the activity of the nucleus, such as localized dust and gas jets. Here, we report on series of more energetic transient events observed during the 3 months surrounding the comet's perihelion passage in 2015 August. We detected and characterized 34 outbursts with the Rosetta cameras, one every 2.4 nucleus rotations. We identified three main dust plume morphologies associated with these events: a narrow jet, a broad fan, and more complex plumes featuring both previous types together. These plumes are comparable in scale and temporal variation to what has been observed on other comets. We present a map of the outbursts' source locations, and discuss the associated topography. We find that the spatial distribution sources on the nucleus correlate well with morphological region boundaries, especially in areas marked by steep scarps or cliffs. Outbursts occur either in the early morning or shortly after the local noon, indicating two potential processes: morning outbursts may be triggered by thermal stresses linked to the rapid change of temperature; afternoon events are most likely related to the diurnal or seasonal heat wave reaching volatiles buried under the first surface layer. In addition, we propose that some events can be the result of a completely different mechanism, in which most of the dust is released upon the collapse of a cliff.
Published: 2016

29. The temporal evolution of exposed water ice-rich areas on the surface of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko: spectral analysis

Author: Raponi, A., Ciarniello, M., Capaccioni, F., Filacchione, G., Tosi, F., Desanctis, M.C., Capria, M. T., Barucci, M. A., Longobardo, A, Palomba, E., Kappel, David, Arnold, Gabriele, Mottola, S., Rousseau, Batiste, Rinaldi, G., Erard, S., Bockelee-Morvan, D., and Leyrat, C.
Subjects: 67P, Rosetta, spectrophotometry, comets, VIRTIS, water ice
Published: 2016

30. VIRTIS-M observations of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko at low phase angle

Author: Ciarniello, M., Filacchione, G., Capaccioni, F., Raponi, A., Desanctis, M.C., Tosi, F., Piccioni, G., Migliorini, A., Cerroni, P., Capria, M. T., Erard, S., Bockelee-Morvan, D., Leyrat, C., Arnold, Gabriele, Barucci, M. A., Schmitt, B., Quirico, E., Taylor, F.W., Kappel, David, and Longobardo, A
Subjects: Asteroiden und Kometen, 67P, Institut für Planetenforschung, Rosetta, Leitungsbereich PF, VIRTIS, Composition
Abstract: On 9-10 of April 2016, the Rosetta orbiter completed a close flyby around the nucleus of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (CG), when the comet was at heliocentric distance of 2.76 AU, along the outbound leg of its orbit around the Sun. This allowed the VIRTIS imaging spectrometer to observe the surface of CG at visible wavelengths (0.2-1 µm) in the 0.93°-89.7° phase angle range with a spatial resolution ranging from 7 to 46 m/pix, resulting in a total of 105 hyperspectral images. Previous observations of the comet at low phase angle where acquired by VIRTIS during the approach phase on July 2014 (3.7 AU), with pixel resolution varying from 450 to 3200 m/pix, preventing disk-resolved imaging. The April 2016 observations fill this gap, allowing us to constrain the spectrophotometric properties of the surface at higher spatial resolution in the opposition surge geometry, therefore investigating both the 'shadow hiding' and 'coherent backscattering' opposition effect. Extrapolation to 0° phase angle of the reflectance measured during the flyby at latitude between -10° and 30°indicates a surface normal albedo of 0.06 at 0.55 µm. This result is close to the previous average value derived by Ciarniello et al. (2015) from a full-disk analysis giving 0.062+/-0.002 (3.7 AU, inbound orbit). Subsequent measurements by Filacchione et al. (2016) and Ciarniello et al. (in preparation), derived from pre-perihelion observations at lower heliocentric distances, revealed a progressive enrichment of water ice abundance on the nucleus, in northern hemisphere regions, with a consequent brightening of the surface. The measured normal albedo derived from the 9-10 April 2016 dataset seems to indicate that during the post-perihelion phase the northern hemisphere has returned to albedo values compatible to the ones measured during the inbound part of the orbit, when the comet was at 3.7 AU from the Sun. This could be an indication that the northern hemisphere has been either covered by dust emitted by the southern hemisphere during the very active perihelion phase, or that dehydration of the upper surface layers has taken place.
Published: 2016

31. The global shape, density and rotation of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko from preperihelion Rosetta/OSIRIS observations

Author: Jorda , L., Gaskell , R., Capanna , C., Hviid , S., Lamy , P., Ďurech , J., Faury , G., Groussin , O., Gutiérrez , P., Jackman , C., Keihm , S. J., Keller , H. U., Knollenberg , J., Kührt , E., Marchi , S., Mottola , S., PALMER , E., Schloerb , F. P., Sierks , H., Vincent , J.-B., A'Hearn , M. F., Barbieri , C., Rodrigo , R., Koschny , D., Rickman , H., Barucci , M. A., Bertaux , J. L., Bertini , I., Cremonese , G., Da Deppo , V., Davidsson , B., Debei , S., De Cecco , M., Fornasier , S., Fulle , M., Güttler , C., Ip , W.-H., Kramm , J. R., Küppers , M., Lara , L. M., Lazzarin , M., Lopez Moreno , J. J., Marzari , F., Naletto , G., Oklay , N., Thomas , N., Tubiana , C., Wenzel , K.-P., Vincent , B., A’Hearn , F., Lara , M., Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille ( LAM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Planetary Science Institute [Tucson] ( PSI ), DLR Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center ( DLR ), Astronomical Institute of Charles University, Charles University [Prague], NASA Goddard Space Flight Center ( GSFC ), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung ( MPS ), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] ( DLR ), Solar System Exploration Research Virtual Institute ( SSERVI ), Southwest Research Institute [Boulder] ( SwRI ), Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Universita degli Studi di Padova, Research and Scientific Support Department, ESTEC ( RSSD ), European Space Research and Technology Centre ( ESTEC ), European Space Agency ( ESA ) -European Space Agency ( ESA ), Space Research Centre [Warsaw] ( CBK ), Polska Akademia Nauk ( PAN ), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique ( LESIA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' ( CISAS ), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova ( OAPD ), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica ( INAF ), CNR Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies ( IFN ), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche [Roma] ( CNR ), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste ( OAT ), Space Science Institute [Macau] ( SSI ), Macau University of Science and Technology ( MUST ), European Space Astronomy Center ( ESAC ), European Space Agency ( ESA ), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía ( IAA ), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Spain] ( CSIC ), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova ( INFN, Sezione di Padova ), National Institute for Nuclear Physics ( INFN ), Hydrosystèmes et bioprocédés ( UR HBAN ), and Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA )
Subjects: Image processing, nucleus, Comets, origin, dynamics, Data reduction techniques, [ SDU.ASTR.EP ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract: International audience; The Rosetta spacecraft reached Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (hereafter 67P/C-G) in August 2014 at an heliocentric distance of 3.6 a.u. and was then put in orbit around its nucleus to perform detailed observations. Among the collected data are the images acquired by the OSIRIS instrument up to the perihelion passage of the comet in August 2015, which allowed us to map the entire nucleus surface at high-resolution in the visible. Stereophotoclinometry methods have been used to reconstruct a global high-resolution shape model and to monitor its rotational parameters using data collected up to perihelion. The nucleus has a conspicuous bilobate shape with overall dimensions along its principal axes of (4.34 ± 0.02) × (2.60 ± 0.02) × (2.12 ± 0.06) km. The best-fit ellipsoid dimensions of the individual lobes along their principal axes of inertia are found to be 4.10 × 3.52 × 1.63 km and 2.50 × 2.14 × 1.64 km. Their volume amounts to 66% and 27% of the total volume of the nucleus. The two lobes are connected by a "neck" whose volume has been estimated to represent ∼7% of the total volume of the comet. Combining the derived volume of 18.8 ± 0.3 km3 with the mass of 9.982 ± 0.003 × 1012 kg determined by the Rosetta/RSI experiment, we obtained a bulk density of the nucleus of 532 ± 7 kg m-3 . Together with the companion value of 535 ± 35 kg m-3 deduced from the stereophotogrammetry shape model of the nucleus (Preusker et al. [2015] Astron. Astrophys. 583, A33), these constitute the first reliable and most accurate determination of the density of a cometary nucleus to date. The calculated porosity is quite large, ranging approximately from 70% to 75% depending upon the assumed density of the dust grains and the dust-to-ice mass ratio. The nature of the porosity, either micro or macro or both, remains unconstrained. The coordinates of the center of gravity are not compatible with a uniform nucleus density. The direction of the offset between the center of gravity and the center of figure suggests that the big lobe has a slightly higher bulk density compared to the small one. the center of mass position cannot be explained by different, but homogenous densities in the two lobes. The initial rotational period of 12.4041 ± 0.0001 h of the nucleus persisted until October 2014. It then slightly increased to a maximum of 12.4304 h reached on 19 May 2015 and finally dropped to 12.305 h just before perihelion on August 10, 2015. A periodogram analysis of the (RA, Dec) direction of the Z-axis of the comet obtained in parallel with the shape reconstruction exhibits a highly significant minima at 11.5 ± 0.5 day clearly indicating an excited rotational state with an amplitude of 0.15 ± 0.03°.
Published: 2016

32. Detection of exposed H$_2$O ice on the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author: Barucci, M. A., Filacchione, G., Fornasier, S., Raponi, A., Deshapriya, J. D. P., Tosi, F., Feller, C., Ciarniello, M., Sierks, H., Capaccioni, F., Pommerol, A., Massironi, M., Oklay, N., Merlin, F., Vincent, J. -B., Fulchignoni, M., Guilbert-Lepoutre, A., Perna, D., Capria, M. T., Hasselmann, P. H., Rousseau, B., Barbieri, C., Bockelee-Morvan, D., Lamy, P. L., De Sanctis, C., Rodrigo, R., Erard, S., Koschny, D., Leyrat, C., Rickman, H., Drossart, P., Keller, H. U., A'Hearn, M. F., Arnold, G., Bertaux, J. -L., Bertini, I., Cerroni, P., Cremonese, G., Da Deppo, V., Davidsson, B. J. R., El-Maarry, Fonti, S., Fulle, M., Groussin, O., and Guttler, C.
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Since the orbital insertion of the Rosetta spacecraft, comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P/C-G) has been mapped by OSIRIS camera and VIRTIS spectro-imager, producing a huge quantity of images and spectra of the comet's nucleus. The aim of this work is to search for the presence of H$_2$O on the nucleus which, in general, appears very dark and rich in dehydrated organic material. After selecting images of the bright spots which could be good candidates to search for H$_2$O ice, taken at high resolution by OSIRIS, we check for spectral cubes of the selected coordinates to identify these spots observed by VIRTIS. The selected OSIRIS images were processed with the OSIRIS standard pipeline and corrected for the illumination conditions for each pixel using the Lommel-Seeliger disk law. The spots with higher I/F were selected and then analysed spectrophotometrically and compared with the surrounding area. We selected 13 spots as good targets to be analysed by VIRTIS to search for the 2 micron absorption band of water ice in the VIRTIS spectral cubes. Out of the 13 selected bright spots, eight of them present positive H$_2$O ice detection on the VIRTIS data. A spectral analysis was performed and the approximate temperature of each spot was computed. The H$_2$O ice content was confirmed by modeling the spectra with mixing (areal and intimate) of H$_2$O ice and dark terrain, using Hapke's radiative transfer modeling. We also present a detailed analysis of the detected spots., paper in press in A&A, 13 pages, 6 figures
Published: 2016

33. Photometric Behavior of 67P/CG Spectral Parameters as Inferred from Pre-Landing Data

Author: Longobardo, A, Palomba, E., Capaccioni, F., Ciarniello, M., Tosi, F., Filacchione, G., Erard, S., Mottola, Stefano, Rousseau, Batiste, Barucci, M. A., Raponi, A., Bockelee-Morvan, D., Leyrat, C., Kappel, David, Arnold, Gabriele, Migliorini, A., and Schmitt, B.
Subjects: Asteroiden und Kometen, 67P, Institut für Planetenforschung, Leitungsbereich PF, Rosetta, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, VIRTIS, Composition
Abstract: We study the photometric behavior of spectral descriptors characterizing the pectra of 67P/CG, such as reflectance, band deths and centers, and spectral slopes.
Published: 2016

34. Detection of exposed H₂O ice on the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author: A’Hearn, M. F., Vincent, J.-B., Fonti, S., Rousseau, B., Hviid, S. F., Da Deppo, V., Perna, D., Fornasier, S., Davidsson, B. J. R., Ip, W., Lamy, P. L., Tubiana, C., Marzari, F., Bertaux, J.-L., Pommerol, Antoine, Palomba, E., Mottola, S., Ciarniello, M., Cremonese, G., Koschny, D., Knollenberg, J., Naletto, G., Jorda, L., Kappel, D., De Sanctis, C., Rickman, H., Arnold, G., Barbieri, C., Erard, S., Capria, M. T., Thomas, Nicolas, Groussin, O., Lara, L., Güttler, C., Sierks, H., Massironi, M., Feller, C., Schmitt, B., Kührt, E., Cerroni, P., Leyrat, C., Küppers, M., Fulchignoni, M., Kramm, J.-R., Barucci, M. A., Drossart, P., Rodrigo, R., Bockelée-Morvan, D., Keller, H. U., Guilbert-Lepoutre, A., Elmaarry, Mohamed Ramy, Quirico, E., Lopez Moreno, J. J., Tosi, F., Bertini, I., Lazzarin, M., Fulle, M., Hasselmann, P. H., Raponi, A., Pajola, M., Deshapriya, J. D. P., Filacchione, G., Capaccioni, F., Merlin, F., Oklay, N., and Mancarella, F.
Subjects: 530 Physics
Abstract: Context. Since the orbital insertion of the Rosetta spacecraft, comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P) has been mapped by OSIRIS camera and VIRTIS spectro-imager, producing a huge quantity of images and spectra of the comet's nucleus. Aims. The aim of this work is to search for the presence of H₂O on the nucleus which, in general, appears very dark and rich in dehydrated organic material. After selecting images of the bright spots which could be good candidates to search for H₂O ice, taken at high resolution by OSIRIS, we check for spectral cubes of the selected coordinates to identify these spots observed by VIRTIS. Methods. The selected OSIRIS images were processed with the OSIRIS standard pipeline and corrected for the illumination conditions for each pixel using the Lommel-Seeliger disk law. The spots with higher I/F were selected and then analysed spectrophotometrically and compared with the surrounding area. We selected 13 spots as good targets to be analysed by VIRTIS to search for the 2 mu m absorption band of water ice in the VIRTIS spectral cubes. Results. Out of the 13 selected bright spots, eight of them present positive H₂O ice detection on the VIRTIS data. A spectral analysis was performed and the approximate temperature of each spot was computed. The H₂O ice content was confirmed by modeling the spectra with mixing (areal and intimate) of H₂O ice and dark terrain, using Hapke's radiative transfer modeling. We also present a detailed analysis of the detected spots.
Published: 2016
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35. First analysis of the size-frequency distribution of boulders ge 7m on comet 67P

Author: PAJOLA, MAURIZIO, Vincent, J. B., Güttler, C., Lee, J. -C., Massironi, M., Bertini, I., SIMIONI, EMANUELE, Marzari, F., GIACOMINI, LIVIA, Barbieri, C., CREMONESE, Gabriele, Naletto, G., Pommerol, A., El Maarry, M. R., Besse, S., Küppers, M., La Forgia, F., Lazzarin, M., Thomas, N., Auger, A. T., Ip, W. -H., Lin, Z. -Y., Sierks, H., OSIRIS Team, A'Hearn, M. F., Barucci, M. A., Bertaux, J. -L., Da Deppo, V., Davidsson, B., De Cecco, M., Debei, S., Ferri, F., Fornasier, S., Fulle, M., Groussin, O., Gutierrez, P. J., Hviid, S. F., Jorda, L., Keller, H. U., Knollenberg, J., Koschny, D., Kramm, J. -R., Kürt, E., Lamy, P., Lara, L. M., Lopez Moreno, J. J., Magrin, S., Michalik, H., Moissl, R., Mottola, S., Oklay, N., Preusker, F., Rickman, H., Rodrigo, R., Scholten, F., and Tubiana, C.
Abstract: Images of the surface of comet 67P Churyumov-Gerasimenko taken by the OSIRIS camera on board the Rosetta spacecraft have been used to study the statistical distribution and morphological properties of both cluster and isolated roundish structures ('boulders') scattered all over the surface. We used NAC images taken on Aug 5-6, 2014, at a distance between 131.45 - 109.76 km, with a spatial resolution ranging from 2.44 - 2.03 m/px (Fig. 1). Such data cover a full rotation of 67P, providing the first ever full size frequency distribution coverage of boulders ≥ 7m visible on a cometary illuminated side. Boulders are ubiquitous on the head, neck, and body of 67P \citep{thomas15}. The initial count of 4,976 boulders was reduced to 3,546 for statistical purposes taking into consideration only those with a diameter larger than 7 m \citep{pajola15}.
Published: 2016

36. The NEOShield-2 EU Project - The Italian contribution

Author: Ieva, S., Dotto, E., Mazzotta Epifani, E., Di Paola, A., Speziali, R., Cortese, M., Lazzarin, M., Bertini, Riccardo, Magrin, S., Barucci, M. A., Perna, D., Perozzi, E., and Micheli, M.
Published: 2016

37. Layering and internal structure of the comet 67P/Churymov-Gerasimenko as observed by ROSETTA

Author: Massironi, M., Simioni, E., Pajola, M., Marzari, F., Cremonese, G., Marchi, S., Giacomini, L., Jorda, L., Barucci, M. A., Naletto, G., Barbieri, C., Bertini, I., Da Deppo, V., Ferri, F., La Forgia, F., Lazzarin, M., Magrin, S., Sierks, H., and and Rosetta OSIRIS team
Published: 2016

38. The geomorphology of (21) Lutetia: Results from the OSIRIS imaging system onboard ESA's Rosetta spacecraft

Author: Thomas N., Barbieri C., Keller H. U., Lamy P., Rickman H., Rodrigo R., Sierks H., Wenzel K. P., Cremonese G., Jorda L., Kueppers M., Marchi S., Marzari F., Massironi M., Preusker F., Scholten F., Stephan K., Barucci M. A., Besse S., El-Maarry M. R., Fornasier S., Groussin O., Hviid S. F., Koschny D., and Kuehrt E.
Abstract: The surface of (21) Lutetia is highly complex with significant interactions between ancient and more recent structures. This work attempts to summarize the surface geomorphology observed using the high resolution images from OSIRIS the imaging system onboard the European Space Agency's Rosetta spacecraft. A wide range of surface morphologies are seen including heavily cratered terrain extensive sets of lineaments young impact craters and a ridge the height of which is more than 1/5th of the mean radius of the body. Very young and very old terrains (as inferred from crater densities) are seen in close proximity. The longest continuous lineament is over 80 km long. The lineaments show regional dependent organization and structure. Several categories of lineament can be described. Lineaments radial to impact craters as seen on other asteroidal bodies are mostly absent. Although the lineaments may be of seismic origin (and possibly the result of several impact induced events) impacts producing recent large craters place constraints on seismic phenomena. In particular stronger attenuation of shocks than seen on other asteroidal bodies seems to be required. Inhomogeneous energy transport possibly matching observed inhomogeneous ejecta deposition may offer explanations for some of the observed phenomena. Some impact craters show unusual forms which are probably the result of impact into a surface with relief comparable to the resultant crater diameter and/or oblique impact. There is evidence that re surfacing through landslides has occurred at several places on the object. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Published: 2012

39. (50000) Quaoar: Surface composition variability

Author: Auclair Desrotour, P., Mathis, S., Le Poncin-Lafitte, C., Barucci, M., Dalle Ore, C., Perna, D., Cruikshank, D., Doressoundiram, A., Alvarez-Candal, A., Dotto, E., Nitschelm, C., Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire national de métrologie et d'essais - Systèmes de Référence Temps-Espace (LNE - SYRTE), Systèmes de Référence Temps Espace (SYRTE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Observatoire de Paris, and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)
Subjects: Rotation period, Physics, Surface (mathematics), [PHYS]Physics [physics], 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Homogeneity (statistics), Continuous spectrum, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Albedo, 01 natural sciences, Spitzer Space Telescope, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Radiative transfer, Spectral resolution, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Aims: The goal of this work is to investigate the composition of the surface of (50000) Quaoar and its spatial variability. Methods: We present new continuous spectra from the visible to near-IR (0.3-2.3 μm) obtained with the X-Shooter instrument at the VLT-ESO at four different epochs on the surface of Quaoar. The data represent the highest spectral resolution data ever obtained for this object and the first near-IR dataset acquired in a single exposure over the entire wavelength range. They are complemented by previously published photometric observations obtained in the near-IR (3.6, 4.5 μm) with the Spitzer Space Telescope, which provide an extra set of constraints in the model calculation. Spectral modelling was performed for the entire wavelength range by means of a code based on the Shkuratov radiative transfer formulation and of an updated value of albedo obtained from recent Herschel observations. Results: We obtained compositional information for different observed areas that can cover about 40% of the assumed rotational period of 8.84 h. Our analysis helps to prove the presence of CH4 and C2H6, as previously reported, along with indications of the possible presence of NH3·H2O. New evidence of N2 is inferred from the shift in the CH4 bands. The albedo at the two Spitzer bands suggests there may be CO diluted in N2, and CO2 for one of the surface locations. Conclusions: The spectral similarities indicate the overall homogeneity of the surface composition of one hemisphere of Quaoar, while some subtle variations are apparent when modelling. The presence of NH3·H2O would support the idea that Quaoar's surface may be relatively young. Based on observations made with ESO Very Large Telescope under programme ID 091.C-0057(A).
Published: 2015

40. Short-term variability on the surface of (1) Ceres

Author: Perna, D., Kaňuchová, Z., Ieva, S., Fornasier, S., Barucci, M., Lantz, C., Dotto, E., Strazzulla, G., Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astronomical Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Slovak Academy of Science [Bratislava] (SAS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), and INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Catania (OACT)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2015

41. Rilievo tridimensionale e analisi ad immagine multispettrale Vis-NIR

Author: Barucci M., Fontana R., Pampaloni E., Raffaelli M., and Striova J.
Subjects: Multispectral imaging, Paintings, 3D acquisition
Abstract: non disponibile
Published: 2015

42. Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko - First Science Results by Rosetta/OSIRIS

Author: Sierks, H., Cesare Barbieri, Lamy, P. L., Rodrigo, R., Koschny, D., Rickman, H., Agarwal, J., A Hearn, M. F., Angrilli, F., Barucci, M. A., Bertaux, J. L., Bertini, I., Besse, S., Bodewits, D., Capanna, C., Cremonese, G., Da Deppo, V., Davidsson, B., Stefano Debei, Cecco, M., Francesca Ferri, Fornasier, S., Fulle, M., Gaskell, R. W., Groussin, O., Güttler, C., Gutiérrez, P., Hviid, S. F., W H, Ip, Jorda, L., Keller, H. U., Joerg, K., Kramm, R., Kuhrt, E., Küppers, M., Fiorangela La Forgia, Lara, L., Monica Lazzarin, Leyrat, C., Moreno, J. F., Lowry, S., Magrin, S., Marchi, S., FRANCESCO MARZARI, Michalik, H., Mottola, S., Account, T., Oklay, N., and Pajola, M.
Published: 2015

43. Colors of active regions on comet 67P

Author: Oklay, N., Vincent, J. -B., Sierks, H., Besse, S., Fornasier, S., Barucci, M. A., Lara, L., Scholten, F., Preusker, F., Lazzarin, M., Pajola, M., and La Forgia, F.
Published: 2015

44. The diurnal cycle of water ice on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko

Author: DE SANCTIS, MARIA CRISTINA, CAPACCIONI, FABRIZIO, CIARNIELLO, Mauro, FILACCHIONE, GIANRICO, FORMISANO, Michelangelo, Mottola, S., RAPONI, Andrea, TOSI, Federico, Bockelée-Morvan, D., Erard, S., Leyrat, C., Schmitt, B., Ammannito, E., Arnold, G., Barucci, M. A., Combi, M., Capria, M. T., Cerroni, P., Ip, W. -H., Kuehrt, E., McCord, T. B., PALOMBA, Ernesto, Beck, P., Quirico, E., VIRTIS Team, PICCIONI, GIUSEPPE, BELLUCCI, Giancarlo, Fulchignoni, M., Jaumann, R., Stephan, K., Longobardo, A., MENNELLA, Vito, MIGLIORINI, Alessandra, Benkhoff, J., Bibring, J. P., Blanco, A., Blecka, M., Carlson, R., Carsenty, U., Colangeli, L., Combes, M., Crovisier, J., Drossart, P., Encrenaz, T., Federico, C., Fink, U., Fonti, S., Irwin, P., Langevin, Y., Magni, G., Moroz, L., Orofino, V., Schade, U., Taylor, F., Tiphene, D., Tozzi, G. P., Biver, N., Bonal, L., Combe, J. -Ph., Despan, D., Flamini, E., Fornasier, S., FRIGERI, ALESSANDRO, GRASSI, Davide, Gudipati, M. S., Mancarella, F., Markus, K., Merlin, F., OROSEI, ROBERTO, RINALDI, GIOVANNA, CARTACCI, MARCO, Cicchetti, A., GIUPPI, Stefano, Hello, Y., Henry, F., Jacquinod, S., Rees, J. M., NOSCHESE, RAFFAELLA, POLITI, ROMOLO, Peter, G., M. C., De Sancti, F., Capaccioni, M., Ciarniello, G., Filacchione, M., Formisano, S., Mottola, A., Raponi, F., Tosi, D., Bockele´e Morvan, S., Erard, C., Leyrat, B., Schmitt, E., Ammannito, G., Arnold, M. A., Barucci, M., Combi, M. T., Capria, P., Cerroni, W. H., Ip, E., Kuehrt, T. B., Mccord, E., Palomba, P., Beck, E., Quirico, G., Piccioni, G., Bellucci, M., Fulchignoni, R., Jaumann, K., Stephan, A., Longobardo, V., Mennella, A., Migliorini, J., Benkhoff, J. P., Bibring, Blanco, Armando, M., Blecka, R., Carlson, U., Carsenty, L., Colangeli, M., Combe, J., Crovisier, P., Drossart, T., Encrenaz, C., Federico, U., Fink, Fonti, Sergio, P., Irwin, Y., Langevin, G., Magni, L., Moroz, Orofino, Vincenzo, U., Schade, F., Taylor, D., Tiphene, G. P., Tozzi, N., Biver, L., Bonal, Combe, J. P. h., D., Despan, E., Flamini, S., Fornasier, A., Frigeri, D., Grassi, M. S., Gudipati, Mancarella, Francesca, K., Marku, F., Merlin, R., Orosei, G., Rinaldi, M., Cartacci, A., Cicchetti, S., Giuppi, Y., Hello, F., Henry, S., Jacquinod, J. M., Ree, R., Noschese, R., Politi, G., Peter, Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica cosmica - Roma (IASF-Roma), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali - INAF (IAPS), DLR Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble (IPAG ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Istituto di Fisica dello Spazio Interplanetario (IFSI), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), DLR Institut für Planetenforschung, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt [Berlin] (DLR), Department of Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Space Sciences [Ann Arbor] (AOSS), University of Michigan [Ann Arbor], University of Michigan System-University of Michigan System, Institute of Astronomy [Taiwan] (IANCU), National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Department of Earth and Space Sciences [Seattle], University of Washington [Seattle], Laboratoire de Sciences de la Terre, ITA, USA, GBR, FRA, DEU, TWN, NLD, POL, and National Research Council of Italy | Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR)
Subjects: 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, Time Factors, Extraterrestrial Environment, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Comet, 01 natural sciences, water ice, Astrobiology, comet, Diurnal cycle, 0103 physical sciences, Sunrise, Water cycle, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Multidisciplinary, Meteoroid, Ice, Diurnal temperature variation, Temperature, food and beverages, Meteoroids, Environmental science, Volatilization, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Surface water, cycle of water ice, Water vapor
Abstract: Observations of cometary nuclei have revealed a very limited amount of surface water ice, which is insufficient to explain the observed water outgassing. This was clearly demonstrated on comet 9P/Tempel 1, where the dust jets (driven by volatiles) were only partially correlated with the exposed ice regions. The observations of 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko have revealed that activity has a diurnal variation in intensity arising from changing insolation conditions. It was previously concluded that water vapour was generated in ice-rich subsurface layers with a transport mechanism linked to solar illumination, but that has not hitherto been observed. Periodic condensations of water vapour very close to, or on, the surface were suggested to explain short-lived outbursts seen near sunrise on comet 9P/Tempel 1. Here we report observations of water ice on the surface of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, appearing and disappearing in a cyclic pattern that follows local illumination conditions, providing a source of localized activity. This water cycle appears to be an important process in the evolution of the comet, leading to cyclical modification of the relative abundance of water ice on its surface.
Published: 2015

45. Investigating the composition of Potentially Hazardous Asteroids with the NEO-SURFACE survey

Author: IEVA, Simone, DOTTO, Elisabetta, PERNA, Davide, Barucci, M. A., Bernardi, F., Perozzi, E., Micheli, M., MAZZOTTA EPIFANI, Elena, BRUCATO, John Robert, Fornasier, S., DE LUISE, Fiore, ROSSI, Andrea, and ITA
Subjects: Near Earth Asteroids, spectroscopy
Abstract: There is a high degree of diversity among the physical properties of the Potentially Hazardous asteroids (PHAs). For these objects, the physical characterization is essential to define a successful mitigation mission, therefore ground-based surveys like NEO-SURFACE could provide a fundamental contribution. Our analysis suggest a prevalence of silicate S-types in the PHA population, which could be due in principle to the high efficiency of the transport mechanisms in the inner main belt, or to an observational bias due to the fact that S-types are brighter.
Published: 2015

46. The Geomorphology of Comet 67P: Implications for the Past Collisional Evolution and Formation

Author: Marchi, S., Rickman, H., Massironi, M., Marzari, F., El-Maari, M. R., Besse, S., Thomas, N., Barbieri, C., Barucci, M. A., Fornasier, S., Giacomini, L., Keller, H. U., Kuehrt, E., Lamy, P., Lazzarin, M., Mottola, S., Naletto, G., Pajola, M., and Sierks, H.
Published: 2015

47. 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko: Activity between March and June 2014 as observed from Rosetta/OSIRIS

Author: Tubiana, C., Snodgrass, C., Bertini, I., Mottola, S., Vincent, J.-B., Lara, L., Fornasier, S., Knollenberg, J., Thomas, N., Fulle, M., Agarwal, J., Bodewits, Dennis, Ferri, F., Güttler, C., Gutierrez, P. J., La Forgia, F., Lowry, S., Magrin, S., Oklay, N., Pajola, M., Rodrigo, R., Sierks, H., A'Hearn, Michael F., Angrilli, F., Barbieri, C., Barucci, M. A., Bertaux, Jean-Loup, Cremonese, Gabriele, Da Deppo, V., Davidsson, B., De Cecco, M., Debei, S., Groussin, O., Hviid, S. F., Ip, W., Jorda, L., Keller, H. U., Koschny, D., Kramm, R., Kührt, Ekkehard, Küppers, M., Lazzarin, M., Lamy, P. L., Lopez Moreno, J. J., Marzari, F., Michalik, H., Naletto, G., Rickman, H., Sabau, L., Wenzel, K.-P., Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, School of Physical Sciences [Milton Keynes], Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics [Milton Keynes], The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU)-The Open University [Milton Keynes] (OU), Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), Universita degli Studi di Padova, DLR Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía (IAA), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern], INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Department of Astronomy [College Park], University of Maryland [College Park], University of Maryland System-University of Maryland System, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Centre for Astrophysics and Planetary Science [Canterbury] (CAPS), University of Kent [Canterbury], International Space Science Institute [Bern] (ISSI), Centro de Astrobiologia [Madrid] (CAB), Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, Università degli Studi di Trento (UNITN), Department of Industrial Engineering [Padova], Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Space Science [Taiwan], National Central University [Taiwan] (NCU), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], Research and Scientific Support Department, ESTEC (RSSD), European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC), European Space Agency (ESA)-European Space Agency (ESA), European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), European Space Agency (ESA), Dipartimento di Fisica [Padova], Institut für Datentechnik und Kommunikationsnetze, Department of Information Engineering [Padova] (DEI), and Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial (INTA)
Subjects: [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract: International audience; 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko is the target comet of the ESA’s Rosetta mission. After commissioning at the end of March 2014, the Optical, Spectroscopic, and Infrared Remote Imaging System (OSIRIS) onboard Rosetta, started imaging the comet and its dust environment to investigate how they change and evolve while approaching the Sun.Methods. We focused our work on Narrow Angle Camera (NAC) orange images and Wide Angle Camera (WAC) red and visible-610 images acquired between 2014 March 23 and June 24 when the nucleus of 67P was unresolved and moving from approximately 4.3 AU to 3.8 AU inbound. During this period the 67P – Rosetta distance decreased from 5 million to 120 thousand km.Results. Through aperture photometry, we investigated how the comet brightness varies with heliocentric distance. 67P was likely already weakly active at the end of March 2014, with excess flux above that expected for the nucleus. The comet’s brightness was mostly constant during the three months of approach observations, apart from one outburst that occurred around April 30 and a second increase in flux after June 20. Coma was resolved in the profiles from mid-April. Analysis of the coma morphology suggests that most of the activity comes from a source towards the celestial north pole of the comet, but the outburst that occurred on April 30 released material in a different direction.
Published: 2015

48. Metre-size bright spots at the surface of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko: Interpretation of OSIRIS data using laboratory experiments

Author: Pommerol, Antoine, Thomas, Nicolas, Antonella Barucci, M., Bertaux, Jean-Loup, Davidsson, Björn, Ramy El-Maarry, Mohamed, La Forgia, Fiorengela, Fornasier, Sonia, Gracia, Antonio, Groussin, Olivier, Jost, Bernhard, Keller, Horst Uwe, Kuehrt, Ekkehard, Raphael Marschall, Massironi, Matteo, Motolla, Stefano, Naletto, Giampiero, Oklay, Nilda, Pajola, Maurizio, Poch, Olivier, Physikalisches Institut [Bern], Universität Bern [Bern] (UNIBE), Laboratoire d'études spatiales et d'instrumentation en astrophysique (LESIA), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PLANETO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physics and Astronomy [Uppsala], Uppsala University, Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia 'Galileo Galilei', Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut für Geophysik und Extraterrestrische Physik [Braunschweig] (IGEP), Technische Universität Braunschweig = Technical University of Braunschweig [Braunschweig], German Aerospace Center (DLR), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste (OAT), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Department of Information Engineering [Padova] (DEI), Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Centro di Ateneo di Studi e Attività Spaziali 'Giuseppe Colombo' (CISAS), Universität Bern [Bern], Universita degli Studi di Padova, and Max-Planck-Institut für Sonnensystemforschung (MPS)
Subjects: [SDU.ASTR.EP]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Earth and Planetary Astrophysics [astro-ph.EP]
Abstract: International audience; Since the beginning of Rosetta's orbital observations, over a hundred small bright spots have been identified in images returned by its OSIRIS NAC camera, in all types of morphological regions on the nucleus. Bright spots are found as clusters of several tens of individuals in the vicinity of cliffs, or isolated without clear structural relation to the surrounding terrain. They are however mostly observed in the areas of the nucleus currently receiving the lowest amount of insolation and some of the best examples appear completely surrounded by shadows. Their typical sizes are of the order of a few metres and they are often observed at the surfaces of boulders of larger dimension. The brightness of these spots is up to ten times the average brightness of the surrounding terrain and multi-spectral analyses show a significantly bluer spectrum over the 0.3-1µm range. Comparisons of images taken in September and November 2014 under similar illumination conditions do not show any significant change of these features. Analysis of the results of past and present laboratory experiments with H 2 O-ice/dust mixtures provide interesting insights about the nature and origin of the bright spots. In particular, recent sublimation experiments conducted at the University of Bern reproduce the spectro-photometric variability observed at the surface of the nucleus by sequences of formation and ejection of a mantle of refractory organic-rich dust at the surface of the icy material. The formation of hardened layers of ice by sintering/re-condensation below the uppermost dust layer can also have strong implications for both the photometric and mechanical properties of the subsurface layer. Based on the comparison between OSIRIS observations and laboratory results, our favoured interpretation of the observed features is that the bright spots are exposures of water ice, resulting from the removal of the uppermost layer of refractory dust that covers the rest of the nucleus. Some of the observations of clusters of bright spots are very indicative of a formation process, which involves the breakage and collapse of brittle layers of ice to form fields of large boulders, some of them showing bright spots on part of their surface. Some of the isolated spots observed elsewhere on the nucleus might as well have been formed by similar processes and then have been transported over large distances by multiple bounces. These surface exposures of water ice must be more recent than the last passage at perihelion, as they would rapidly sublimate at short heliocentric distance. The hypothesis formulated here will thus easily be tested as the comet approaches the Sun, by checking if and how fast the bright spots vanish and disappear.
Published: 2015

49. Surface compositional variation on the comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko by OSIRIS data

Author: Barucci, M. A., Fornasier, S., Feller, C., Perna, D., Hasselmann, H., Deshapriya, J. D. P., Fulchignoni, M., Besse, S., Sierks, H., Forgia, F., Lazzarin, M., Pommerol, A., Oklay, N., Lara, L., Scholten, F., Preusker, F., Leyrat, C., and Pajola, M.
Published: 2015

50. Are fractured cliffs the source of cometary dust jets ? Insights from OSIRIS/Rosetta at 67P

Author: Vincent, J. -B., Oklay, N., Pajola, M., Höfner, S., Sierks, H., Hu, X., Barbieri, C., Lamy, P. L., Rodrigo, R., Koschny, D., Rickman, H., Keller, H. U., A'Hearn, M. F., Barucci, M. A., Bertaux, J. -L., Bertini, I., Besse, S., Bodewits, D., Cremonese, G., Da Deppo, V., Davidsson, B., Debei, S., De Cecco, M., El-Maarry, M. R., Fornasier, S., Fulle, M., Groussin, O., Gutiérrez, P. J., Gutiérrez-Marquez, P., Güttler, C., Hofmann, M., Hviid, S. F., Ip, W. -H., Jorda, L., Knollenberg, J., Kovacs, G., Kramm, J. -R., Kührt, E., Küppers, M., Lara, L. M., Lazzarin, M., Lin, Z. -Y., Moreno, J. J. Lopez, Lowry, S., Marzari, F., Massironi, M., Moreno, F., Mottola, S., Naletto, G., Preusker, F., Scholten, F., Shi, X., Thomas, N., Toth, I., and Tubiana, C.
Subjects: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract: Dust jets, i.e. fuzzy collimated streams of cometary material arising from the nucleus, have been observed in-situ on all comets since the Giotto mission flew by comet 1P/Halley in 1986. Yet their formation mechanism remains unknown. Several solutions have been proposed, from localized physical mechanisms on the surface/sub-surface (see review in Belton (2010)) to purely dynamical processes involving the focusing of gas flows by the local topography (Crifo et al. 2002). While the latter seems to be responsible for the larger features, high resolution imagery has shown that broad streams are composed of many smaller features (a few meters wide) that connect directly to the nucleus surface. We monitored these jets at high resolution and over several months to understand what are the physical processes driving their formation, and how this affects the surface. Using many images of the same areas with different viewing angles, we performed a 3-dimensional reconstruction of collimated jets, and linked them precisely to their sources on the nucleus. Results.We show here observational evidence that the Northern hemisphere jets of comet 67P arise from areas with sharp topographic changes and describe the physical processes involved. We propose a model in which active cliffs are the main source of jet-like features, and therefore the regions eroding the fastest on comets. We suggest that this is a common mechanism taking place on all comets., Comment: Accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics on 4 December 2015
Published: 2015
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