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Present paper deals with the effect of Hall and ion slips on MHD blood flow through a catheterized multi-stenosis artery with thrombosis. Blood is considered a base fluid, and the suspension of Au and GO nanoparticles are used to form the hybrid nano-blood suspension. The hemodynamic mathematical model is presented to mimic the blood flow inside the artery subjected to Joule heating, thermal radiation, Hall and ion slip effects. The effect of the shape of nanoparticles and the variable viscosity depending upon hematocrit is taken into account. The mathematical model is presented in a curvilinear coordinate system, and a mild stenosis assumption is used to get the closed-form solutions. The reduced governing equations are solved using the Crank Nicholson scheme with “MATLAB.” The effect of various pertinent parameters on flow patterns are illustrated graphically. It is observed that increasing the Hall and ion slips parameter causes the increment in the fluid velocity due to an enhancement in the cyclotron frequency of the particles. The hybrid nanoparticles Au-GO/blood has a higher temperature profile than pure blood and unitary nanoparticles, as the thermal conductivity increases with an increase in nanoparticle concentration. Scientists and clinical researchers may find the present study useful in understanding the various illness’s conditions, including cancers, infections, and the removal of blood clots. Furthermore, current research may be helpful in the biomedical area, such as magnetic resonance angiography (MRA), which creates an image of an artery to identify any abnormalities in the artery. The current findings are consistent with recent findings in earlier blood flow research studies.

A novel analysis of the electromagnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) non-Newtonian nanofluid blood flow incorporating CuO and Al2O3 nanoparticles through a permeable walled diseased artery having irregular stenosis and an aneurysm is analyzed in this paper. The non-Newtonian behavior of blood flow is addressed by the Casson fluid model. The effective viscosity and thermal conductivity of nanofluids are calculated using the Koo-Kleinstreuer-Li model, which takes into account the Brownian motion of nanoparticles. The mild stenosis approximation is employed to reduce the bi-directional flow of blood to uni-directional. The blood flow is influenced by an electric field along with a magnetic field perpendicular to the blood flow. The governing mathematical equations are solved using Crank-Nicolson finite difference approach. The model has been developed and validated by comparing the current results to previously published benchmarks that are peculiar to this study. The results are utilized to investigate the impact of physical factors on momentum diffusion and heat transfer. The Nusselt number escalates with increasing CuO nanoparticle diameter and diminishing the diameter of Al2O3 nanoparticles. The relative % variation in Nusselt number enhances with Magnetic number, whereas a declining trend is obtained for the electric field parameter. The present study’s findings may be helpful in the diagnosis of hemodynamic abnormalities and the fields of nano-hemodynamics, nano-pharmacology, drug delivery, tissue regeneration, wound healing, and blood purification systems.

This paper discusses an approach to use an approximated charge carrier density for organic thin-film transistor (OTFT) using a double exponential density of states. Traditionally the literature has been published using a single exponential density of states and Gaussian density of states but this paper deals with using a double exponential density of states in the Fermi Integral to evaluate the charge carrier density for the OTFT. There are two exponential density of states related to the Tail region and Deep region and various parameters associated with it. The distribution of localized trap states between the highest and lowest orbital is expressed as a density of states. There are two states deep states and tail states. Tail states are better described by the Gaussian function, while Deep states are better described by the Exponential density of states. So, if we require that the two regions be defined by a single function then the function should be a sum of the two, the exponential and the Gaussian to accurately describe the complete region. The double exponential density of states is considered to evaluate and approximate the Fermi Integral using various Mathematical Methods, so that the error is lower for various parameters.

This article examines the effects of entropy generation, heat transmission, and mass transfer on the flow of Jeffrey fluid under the influence of solar radiation in the presence of copper nanoparticles and gyrotactic microorganisms, with polyvinyl alcohol–water serving as the base fluid. The impact of source terms such as Joule heating, viscous dissipation, and the exponential heat source is analyzed via a nonlinear elongating surface of nonuniform thickness. The development of an efficient numerical model describing the flow and thermal characteristics of a parabolic trough solar collector (PTSC) installed on a solar plate is underway as the use of solar plates in various devices continues to increase. Governing PDEs are first converted into ODEs using a suitable similarity transformation. The resulting higher-order coupled ODEs are converted into a system of first-order ODEs and then solved using the RK 4th-order method with shooting technique. The remarkable impacts of pertinent parameters such as Deborah number, magnetic field parameter, electric field parameter, Grashof number, solutal Grashof number, Prandtl number, Eckert number, exponential heat source parameter, Lewis number, chemical reaction parameter, bioconvection Lewis number, and Peclet number associated with the flow properties are discussed graphically. The increase in the radiation parameter and volume fraction of the nanoparticles enhances the temperature profile. The Bejan number and entropy generation rate increase with the rise in diffusion parameter and bioconvection diffusion parameter. The novelty of the present work is analyzing the entropy generation and solar radiation effects in the presence of motile gyrotactic microorganisms and copper nanoparticles with polyvinyl alcohol–water as the base fluid under the influence of the source terms, such as viscous dissipation, Ohmic heating, exponential heat source, and chemical reaction of the electromagnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) Jeffrey fluid flow. The non-Newtonian nanofluids have proven their great potential for heat transfer processes, which have various applications in cooling microchips, solar energy systems, and thermal energy technologies.

To improve the mechanical properties of the weld structure and to reduce the manufacturing costs, the welding parameters of TIG welding process needs to be optimized. The present investigation focused on the optimization of the procedure parameters of TIG joining procedure. AISI 304 materials selected as a base metal. The dimension of specimen is 200 mm × 50 mm × 3 mm. The specimen was butt-welded by the TIG welding method. Selection of input parameters is based on their significance effect on the mechanical properties of weld structure. The selected input parameters are Voltage, Current, Gas flow and root gap. The number of experiments carried out is 27, which is designed by Taguchi L27 orthogonal array using four factors and 3 levels by MINITAB-17software. Conducting tensile strength test checks the final weld quality

This paper aims to examine the combined effects of Arrhenius activation and microorganisms on unsteady flow through a porous medium with thermophoresis and Brownian motion over an inclined stretching sheet. The governing partial differential equations are transformed into a set of non-linear ordinary differential equations using similarity analysis. The resultant non-linear coupled ordinary differential equations are solved numerically using the boundary value problem solver in MATLAB. The effects of the physical parameter such as magnetic field parameter ([Formula: see text]), thermal radiation parameter ([Formula: see text]), permeability parameter ([Formula: see text]), Eckert number ([Formula: see text]), thermophoresis parameter ([Formula: see text]) and Brownian motion parameter ([Formula: see text]) on the velocity, temperature, concentration profiles, skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number, and the local Sherwood number are presented and analysed graphically. The comparison has been made with previously published work, and there is a good agreement. These results may be helpful in geothermal engineering, energy conversation and disposal of nuclear waste material. Furthermore, scientists can employ this technique in medical fields such as gene therapy and the synthesis of drug delivery systems.

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are widely used for the removal of health hazardous organic pollutants from industrial and municipal wastewater. Reactive Red 24, which has a complex molecular structure with azo aromatic groups, is widely used in textile industry. Degradation of Reactive Red 24 by Photo-Fenton regent has been investigated under irradiation of visible light in aqueous solution. The parameters that influence degradation such as concentration of Reactive Red 24, FeSO4, H2O2, light intensity and pH of the experimental solution were studied. The optimum condition for the photocatalytic degradation of dye was established. The degradation of dye in the dilute solution follows the first order kinetics.