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Purpose The global financial crisis of 2007-2008 prompted a significant debate on corporate governance and shareholder empowerment. A question arises as to whether shareholders ought to be further empowered to have a greater influence over the companies’ activities. Yet, it is not self-evident that shareholder empowerment ensures better-run companies’ corporate activities. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to critically examine, identify and explain the corporate regulation forms and control collectively to evaluate the effectiveness of shareholder empowerment fully. Design/methodology/approach To do so, this paper sets out a comparative analysis approach between two jurisdictions, the UK and Delaware in the USA. The paper further addresses by undertaking three case studies; Barclays Plc which illustrated the Comply or Explain role, AVIVA (2012) that concentrated on the impact of the shareholder revolt, and the case of Hills Stores Co. v. Bozic (2000), which involved a claim brought by shareholders on the grounds of a breach of fiduciary duty. Findings This paper argues that the shareholder empowerment theoretically provides an effective means through which corporate activities can be regulated. However, to do this, account must be taken that a distinction should be made between long-term and short-term investors to encourage shareholder engagement by responsible long-term investors. Furthermore, the shareholders can exercise their powers effectively and influence the Board’s decision to award executive compensation. Originality/value This paper offered two distinct contributions: assessing whether in times of crisis shareholder empowerment represents a way to regulate corporate activities and by assessing the distinction between the perception of shareholder empowerment and the reality in practice.

The purpose of this study is to analyze how investment in information and communications technology (ICT) and related corporate reforms affect business performance depending on corporate size. To accomplish this, we implemented a nationwide questionnaire survey in Japanese workplaces. The questionnaire categories were the introduction of ICT, effective use of ICT, corporate reforms accompanying the investment in ICT, and resultant business performance in terms of changes in sales revenues, operating profits, and number of full time jobs. Based on the data from 4,016 valid responses, we conducted a graphical modeling analysis by corporate size to illustrate how each factor interacts with the others, and by what routes they exert their respective effects on business performance. Our study yields three observations. First, introduction of ICT, effective use of ICT, and related corporate reforms positively affect each other and improve business performance. Second, for larger firms whose organizational structures are complicated and sometimes redundant, corporate reforms have the most direct effect on the increase in sales revenues and operating profits, while introduction of ICT and effective use of ICT have direct effects on job creation. Third, for small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) whose organizational structures are relatively simple, the most important factor is the effective use of ICT, because SMEs often have difficulty retaining highly skilled employees or experts in new technology when they invest in ICT.

本稿は90年代の産業政策について概観することを目的としている。バブル経済の崩壊以降の企業改革を見る場合，政府が各企業を支援する90年代の産業政策の方向が重要である。市場に大きな変化が生じた場合，政府による産業政策とそれに伴う法制が企業改革を後押しする。つまり，市場⇒産業政策⇒経営戦略の構築⇒企業組織の再編⇒業務管理：仕事管理⇒人事改革，という道筋で理解することが重要である。そのため，まず産業政策が企業改革をどのような方向に誘導していこうとしていたのかを理解することは重要である。, This paper is intended to be an overview of the industrial policies in the 1990s. When looking at the corporate reform after the collapse of the bubble economy, the direction of the industrial policies of the 1990s which were supported by the government is important. When significant changes occur in the market, industrial policies of the government and the legislation associated with them, boost corporate reform. In other words, it is important to understand its process: The market ⇒ industrial policy ⇒ construction of the management strategy ⇒ restructure of corporate organization ⇒ business management: Work management ⇒ personnel reform. For this reason, it is important to understand first of all to what direction the industrial policies have been trying to induce the corporate reform., 論文(Article), P.107の表現に誤りあり （誤）「企業的存在」→（正）「記号的存在」

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that the Japanese economy has fumbled their chance to reap the benefits of investment in information technology due to a reluctance to carry out drastic corporate reforms in business processes and human resource management associated with the introduction of new technology. For this purpose, we first review Solow’s productivity paradox and the new economy in the U.S., and then we compare these with the Japanese economy based on growth accounting analysis and an estimation of production function models. On top of that, we illustrate a series of firm-level questionnaire surveys to examine the decisive role of investment in intangibles, i.e., reforming organizational structures and human resource management, in line with IT investment. These analyses yield two observations. First, Japan’s investment in IT has been stagnant over the last two decades in spite of its potential to contribute to productivity improvement and consequent economic growth. Second, there is a strong complementary relationship between drastic corporate reforms and positive outcomes from IT investment, which Japanese firms have been fumbling. The results of this research suggest that the inertia of Japan’s integrated corporate system persists in the midst of innovation in information technology. Therefore, the Japanese private business sector needs to make an intense effort into investing in intangibles, i.e., a drastic redesign of business processes and human resource management in order to achieve the maximum effect of investments in information technology.

During the period of 1981 to 2015, the total population of Black students in CPS plummeted from close to 240,000, 60% of all CPS students, to 156,000 or 39% of CPS. This paper documents how despite their decreasing numbers and percentage in the system, the vast majority of Black students remained isolated in predominantly low-income Black schools that also became the target of destabilizing corporate reforms and experimentation. This study examines the historic and contemporary dual segregation of Black teachers and Black students in Chicago Public Schools, and how mass school closures, privatization, and corporate school reform have both transformed and deepened segregation and resource-inequity across Chicago's schools.

Artiklen angiver de væsentligste konsekvenser for SKAT af den selskabsreform, der træder i kraft i 2010. The article analyses the central consequences for IRS of the corporate reform in Denmark, coming into force as from 2010.