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Additional file 5: Table S1. List of antibodies, reagents and kits used in the study. Table S2. Primer of genes used in this article.

Competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) plays a vital role in cancer stem cells. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of the circular RNA (circRNA) antisense to the cerebellar degeneration-related protein 1 transcript (CDR1as) during competitive inhibition of microRNA-7 (miR-7) in the regulation of autophagy to modulate the proliferation and migration of breast cancer stem cells. The CD44+/CD24- phenotype breast cancer stem cells were sorted from the original MCF7 cell by flow cytometry. RT-qPCR was applied to assess the expression of CDR1as and miR-7 in MCF7-Parent and MCF7-Stem cells. The activity of autophagy was evaluated followed the knockdown and overexpression of CDR1as. The correlation between CDR1as and miR-7 and between CDR1as and miR-7-target mRNAs were evaluated. This study revealed that CDR1as overexpression was associated with up-regulation of autophagy and that CDR1as competitive inhibition of miR-7 enhanced the LKB1-AMPK-mTOR signaling and autophagy-associated genes in breast cancer stem cells. CDR1as promoted the cell growth and migration of breast CSCs via the CDR1as/miR-7 axis, and knockdown of CDR1as and miR-7 overexpression obviously impaired the ability of growth and migration. The present study added a new view of developing a new therapeutic strategy against breast cancer.

Drumstick is a tree with a range of potential commercial uses: the vegetative organs have high nutritional value and the seeds have high oil content. In the present study, an efficient regeneration protocol for this multipurpose tree has been developed using leaf segments as explants. In addition, the effects of genotype, developmental stage and inoculation orientation of the explants, and the combination of plant growth regulators (PGRs) in the culture medium have been investigated. It was found that Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal elements supplemented with 0.8 mg/L 6-benzyladenine (BA), 0.2 mg/L kinetin (KT) and 0.05 mg/L a-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) provided the most suitable medium for shoot-bud regeneration, delivering a maximum regeneration frequency of 93.33% and a mean of 4.40 shoots per explant. In addition, orienting the distal ends of the explants down towards the medium was much better than them facing upwards. We were able to root approximately 90% of the regenerated shoots on MS medium with 0.1 mg/L NAA. Even though success of this protocol varied according to genotype, it still has high applicability at a large scale and could be used in the production of high quality plantlets to meet large scale cultivation needs. In addition, it may be useful for genetic transformation studies.

Simulium venustum group xinbinen Sun, 1994 Sun 1994, p 220 (♀, „, P, L). Type locality: Xinbin, Liaoning (XSAS). Crosskey and Howard 1997, p 78; Chen and An 2003, p 380 (♀, „, P, L). China (Liaoning)., Published as part of Chen, Han-Bin, 2007, A supplement to the checklist of Chinese blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae), pp. 1467-1480 in Journal of Natural History 41 (21 - 24) on page 1477, DOI: 10.1080/00222930701432999, http://zenodo.org/record/5229261, {"references":["Crosskey RW, Howard TM. 1997. A new taxonomic and geographical inventory of world blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae). London: Natural History Museum. 144 p.","Chen H, An J-Y. 2003. The Blackflies of China (Diptera: Simulidae) (Chinese). 1 - 447."]}

Chen, Han-Bin (2007): A supplement to the checklist of Chinese blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae). Journal of Natural History 41 (21-24): 1467-1480, DOI: 10.1080/00222930701432999, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930701432999