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As one of the most important fields in computer vision, object detection has undergone marked development in recent years. Generally, object detection requires many labeled samples for training, but it is not easy to collect and label samples in many specialized fields. In the case of few samples, general detectors typically exhibit overfitting and poor generalizability when recognizing unknown objects, and many FSOD methods also cannot make good use of support information or manage the potential problem of information relationships between the support branch and the query branch. To address this issue, we propose in this paper a novel framework called Decoupled Multi-scale Attention (DMA-Net), the core of which is the Decoupled Multi-scale Attention Module (DMAM), which consists of three primary parts: a multi-scale feature extractor, a multi-scale attention module, and a decoupled gradient module (DGM). DMAM performs multi-scale feature extraction and layer-to-layer information fusion, which can use support information more efficiently, and DGM can reduce the impact of potential optimization information exchange between two branches. DMA-Net can implement incremental FSOD, which is suitable for practical applications. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that DMA-Net has comparable results on generic FSOD benchmarks, particularly in the incremental FSOD setting, where it achieves a state-of-the-art performance.

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Additional file 3:. Review history.

Additional file 1: Fig. S1 Distribution pattern of sequenced m6A-IP-seq reads along the transcripts. Fig. S2 Intersection among m6A peaks identified in two biological replicates of three treatments. Fig. S3 Relative expression of jasmine acid (JA) biosynthesis and response genes in rice infected with viruses. Fig. S4 Relative expression of salicylic acid (SA) biosynthesis and response genes in rice infected with viruses. Fig. S5 Relative expression levels of abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis and deactivation genes in rice infected with viruses. Fig. S6 Relative expression levels of auxin biosynthesis, transportation, and signaling genes in rice infected with viruses. Fig. S7. Relative expression levels of cytokinin (CTK) biosynthesis, oxidation, and response genes in rice infected with viruses. Fig. S8 Relative expression levels of ethylene (ET) biosynthesis genes in rice infected with viruses. Fig. S9 Relative expression levels of brassinosteroids (BR) biosynthesis and signaling genes in rice infected with viruses. Fig. S10 Integrated analyses of the seven main phytohormone related genes with m6A methylation and relative expression levels in rice infected with viruses. Fig. S11 Loading control that corresponding to the dot-blot analyses. Fig. S12 The uncropped western blot membranes that showed in Fig. 1B and C.

The optimal conditions for melanin extraction from Auricularia auricula-judae (Hei 29) fruiting bodies was determined on the basis of the extract yield of melanin, calculated by using a single-factor experiment and response surface methodology. Its antioxidant activities were also studied in vitro. Various optimal process conditions for melanin extraction were determined by using Design-Expert software: incubation temperature, 69.11°C; incubation time, 58.66 minutes; and incubation pH, 12.81. Under these conditions, the melanin yield was 2.59%. We found that the antioxidant activities of A. auricula-judae melanin in vitro were strong against DPPH radicals and superoxide anions. The rate of DPPH radical scavenging was 63.04% when the A. auricula-judae melanin concentration was 0.36 mg/mL; the rate of superoxide anion scavenging reached 39.79% when the concentration was 0.375 mg/mL. However, the antioxidant activity against hydroxyl radicals was somewhat weak; the rate of scavenging reached only 7.47% when the A. auricula-judae melanin concentration was 0.06 mg/mL.

RAB18, a member of the Ras family, has been suggested to play a critical role in multiple biological process. However, its functions in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unknown. In the present study, the expression and biological role of RAB18 in HCC were investigated. Results showed that the expression level of RAB18 was significantly increased in HCC tissue specimens and HCC cell lines. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that high RAB18 expression was correlated with poor overall survival compared to those with low RAB18 expression. These results were further confirmed by analyses in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Specific knockdown of RAB18 expression inhibited proliferation and clone formation of HCC in vitro. Western blot analyses showed that CCND1 was suppressed, and p21 and p27 were substantially upregulated in RAB18 knockdown HCC cells. Furthermore, we also observed that knockdown of RAB18 expression suppressed the migration and invasion of HCC cells and reversed expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers. Interestingly, the primary and xenograft tumor mouse models showed that RAB18 knockdown significantly reduced in vivo tumorigenesis and metastasis in nude mice. These results revealed that RAB18 was correlated with poor clinical outcomes and facilitated HCC progression via promotion of HCC cell proliferation and metastasis. These findings suggest that RAB18 may be a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target in patients with HCC.

By using the methods of document literature, induction and synthesis, this paper makes a literature review and comparative study on the relevant research of school physical education laws and regulations in China and Japan. Japan is a developed country of school physical education in the world. In the process of building school physical education laws and regulations, there are some methods and ideas to solve school physical education problems. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to analyze the relevant research on Japanese school physical education laws and regulations and to sum up their experience and lessons. This paper quotes the viewpoints of Chinese and Japanese experts and scholars, and makes a literature review on the research of school physical education laws and regulations in Japan from the aspects of the course of construction of school physical education laws and regulations, the system of laws and regulations, legislation, justice, law enforcement, law abiding, content and problems, and comparative study.

Transforming growth factor-beta-induced (TGFBI) serves as a linker protein and plays a role in the activation of morphogenesis, cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, differentiation and inflammation. High expression levels of the human TGFBI gene are correlated with numerous human malignancies. In order to explore the roles of TGFBI in the tumor progression of colorectal cancer, colorectal cancer specimens from 115 patients with strict follow-up were selected for the analysis of TGFBI by immunohistochemistry. The correlations between TGFBI expression and the clinicopathological features of colorectal cancers were evaluated. In the colorectal cancer tissues, TGFBI was mainly localized in the cytoplasm and stroma and scarcely in the nucleus. TGFBI expression in the cytoplasm and stroma was not found to be associated with age, gender, tumor histopathological grading, PT category and tumor location (P > 0.05 for each). However, high TGFBI expression in the cytoplasm and stroma correlated with lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and Dukes stage (P < 0.05 for each). The survival rate was significantly lower in patients with high TGFBI expression than in those with low TGFBI expression. Furthermore, we found that tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging (HR: 2.963; 95% CI: 1.573-1.664; P = 0.000), differentiation (HR: 1.574; 95% CI: 1.001-2.476; P = 0.049) and high TGFBI cytoplasmic expression (HR: 3.332; 95% CI: 1.410-7.873; P = 0.000) proved to be independent prognostic factors for survival in colorectal cancer. In conclusion, TGFBI plays an important role in the progression of colorectal cancers and it is an independent poor prognostic factor for colorectal cancer patients.

The total heat produced and the rate of heat production during the crystallization of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) and cyclotetramethylenetetranitramine (HMX) from dimethyl sulfoxide and cyclohexanone are measured using a Calvet microcalorimeter. The data of their thermograms are treated based on the dislocation theory model. The results show that the crystal growth processes of RDX and HMX accord with the dislocation theory.

Design of low-cost, miniature, lightweight, ultra low-power, flexible sensor platform capable of customization and seamless integration into a wireless biomedical sensor network(WBSN) for health monitoring applications presents one of the most challenging tasks. In this paper, we propose a WBSN node platform featuring an ultra low-power microcontroller, an IEEE 802.15.4 compatible transceiver, and a flexible expansion connector. The proposed solution promises a cost-effective, flexible platform that allows easy customization, energy-efficient computation and communication. The development of a common platform for multiple physical sensors will increase reuse and alleviate costs of transition to a new generation of sensors. As a case study, we present an implementation of an ECG (Electrocardiogram) sensor.