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Ionizing radiation exposure affects the redox state in vivo. Recently, whole-blood antioxidant capacity (WBAC) has been reported to decrease in a dose-dependent manner after acute total body irradiation (TBI). However, changes in WBAC after localized and chronic irradiations have not been reported. This study analyzed changes to WBAC in mice after either localized irradiation (irradiation of the left hind leg only) or chronic TBI using the i-STrap method. Leg-localized irradiation exerted limited effects on WBAC, while WBAC decreased in a dose rate-dependent manner after TBI. Further, the WBAC reached the minimum value in a shorter period at a smaller dose rate. Our results suggest that changes in WBAC do not directly reflect absorbed dose, but may reflect radiation-induced biological damage at the systemic level. This study will contribute to the understanding of radiation-induced injuries and diseases, and will facilitate the establishment of biomarkers for radiation exposure.

In cerebral angiography, for diagnosis and interventional neuroradiology, cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan is frequently performed for evaluating brain parenchyma, cerebral hemorrhage, and cerebral infarction. However, the patient's eye lens is more frequently exposed to excessive doses in these scans than in the previous angiography and interventional neuroradiology (INR) procedures. Hence, radioprotection for the lenses is needed. This study selects the most suitable eye lens protection material for CBCT from among nine materials by evaluating the dose reduction rate and image quality.

Biodosimetry is a useful method for estimating personal exposure doses to ionizing radiation. Studies have identified metabolites in non-cellular biofluids that can be used as markers in biodosimetry. Levels of metabolites in blood cells may reflect health status or environmental stresses differentially. Here, we report changes in the levels of murine blood cell metabolites following exposure to X-rays in vivo. Levels of blood cell metabolites were measured by capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The levels of 100 metabolites were altered substantially following exposure. We identified 2-aminobutyric acid, 2'-deoxycytidine, and choline as potentially useful markers of radiation exposure and established a potential prediction panel of the exposure dose using stepwise regression. Levels of blood cell metabolites may be useful biomarkers in estimating exposure doses during unexpected radiation incidents.

Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References, Aims and objectives: As protection from radiation is important in interventional radiology (IVR), the radiation dose should be measured. However, the patient’s skin dose is very rarely monitored, because of the lack of a feasible method for use in IVR....

Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information, Learning objectives: To show the current occupational radiation dose to interventional radiology (IR) staff (physicians, nurses, and technologists). To understand the importance of radiation protection for IR staff. To demonstrate the need for using two badges to...

Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal Information References, Learning objectives: To understand the importance of dose at the interventional reference point (reference dose) in interventional radiology (IR). To discuss the accuracy of displayed reference doses in IR X-ray equipment. To show the importance of evaluating the...

Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information, Purpose: To clarify and visualize the sources of physician-received scattered radiation in interventional radiology (IR). To present the amount of sphysician-received cattered radiation from IR X-ray equipment. To presentthe importance of radiation...

Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information, Purpose: The use of diagnostic X-ray equipment with flat-panel detectors (FPDs) has increased because FPDs exhibitfine fundamental performance, such as good detective quantum efficiency (DQE). There are many types of FPD, but their performance differs, e.g....

Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal Information References, Learning objectives: To clarify whether the radiation dose during interventional radiology(IVR) is lower or higher in flat-panel detector (FPD) systems compared to image intensifier (II.) systems. To explain the methods that can be used to reduce the radiation dose in...

Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusions, Purpose: Reducing the breast thickness with adequate breast compression, such as the standard compression force of 120 N, reduces the radiation dose needed for a proper exposure and improves image contrast by decreasing radiation scatter. However, many...

Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusions Personal Information References, Learning objectives: 1. To discuss the indicators (i.e. dose-area product , fluoroscopic time, and patient’s total entrance skin dose) for estimating the maximum radiation dose to the patient’s skin (MSD) in percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and understand...