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Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: Sonography is one of the most commonly performed imaging modalities in clinical practice and a core discipline of radiology[1]. However, sonography is highly examiner-dependent and challenging to learn as it demands rapid interpretation of dynamic,...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: To show researching radiologists how to visualize their data as well as how to create beautiful and publication-ready plots for their audiences using the free R statistical language as well as the ggplot2...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: Computed Tomography (CT) imaging utilise X-rays to obtain cross-sectional images of the human body. Its helical systems with multi-row detectors are capable in producing axial images across different part of the body, which aids to perform...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: This study analyzed multiple Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) linear and volumetric ventricular measurements in a group of subjects with iNPH (idiopathic-Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus) with the aim of: (a) evaluating the correlation with clinical...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: To demonstrate the capability of a novel local contrast enhancement algorithm to improve visualization of thin and thick areas of radiographic images with high dynamic...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: Colorectal cancer (CC) is one of the most frequently diagnosed and deadliest malignancy. The most important prognostic indicator of CC is the pathological stage at presentation, and a key role is played by the lymph node (LN) status which determines...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: The aim of this study 1 is to assess the clinical utility of using interictal magnetic and electric source imaging (MSI and ESI) using dipole clustering in children and young adults with drug resistant epilepsy (DRE) having inconclusive MRI...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: In 2019 Silverman et al. proposed an update of the Bosniak classification for cystic masses. The main aim of the new update focuses on avoiding surgery for benign masses and indolent cancers, which increases morbidity and mortality without clear...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: Things to Measure, Monitor and Document: Post-Market Surveillance of SaMD’s particularly AI...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: Nowadays, small renal masses (SRMs; < 4 cm) are increasingly detected incidentally during imaging examinations performed for other medical reasons (US, CT, MR). They vary widely in histology and aggressiveness and include benign renal tumors as well...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: To determine the predictive value of morphologic patterns and high-order radiomic features [1] obtained from advanced MRI protocol performed with contrast-enhanced susceptibility (SWI-CE) [2] and to characterize treatment response in patients with...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: Cancer is impacting our population’s health in a way no other disease has ever done [1]. That is why, new technologies are arising to diagnose, treat, and cure cancer. One key example is protontherapy. Proton therapy requires a CT scan to predict...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: Pulmonary embolus (PE) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is the gold standard for diagnosing PE but contributes to a potentially avoidable risk of radiation exposure. CTPA use has risen by over 400% in the...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: Liver transplantation (LT) is associated with high stress on the cardiovascular system; cardiovascular complications can occur intraoperatively, early in the posttransplant period or later in follow‐up [1, 2]. Since the prevalence of coronary...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: In an acute trauma setting conventional CT is part of the clinical routine work up to assess osseous pathologies for potential surgical planning with the disadvantage of using ionizing radiation [1, 2]. Recently, several approaches have been...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: The term mammographic breast density (MBD) refers to the amount of fibro-glandular tissue in the breast visible on an x-ray mammogram. It is usually reported by radiologists based on the 4 classes (a, b, c, d) from the ACR BI-RADS atlas [1]. There...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: The purpose of this study was to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the most cited publications in the European Radiology journal (ER). The study aimed to identify the trends in publication and evaluate the correlations between the number of...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: To evaluate the potential of a machine learning based tool (Mammorisk) 1 to change breast cancer risk assessment over the next five years in women with intermediate risk because of breast cancer familiarity, in order to be able to tailor...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: PET-CT acquisition is the most common staging technique for patients with non-Hodkin lymphoma [1]. Exploiting the contextually acquired CT images, the primary objective was to assess the association between bone mineral density (BMD) in non-Hodkin...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of an automated T1 mapping quantification of the liver parenchyma with a deep learning-based 3D T1 vibe Dixon in-phase liver parenchyma and vessels segmentation combined with voxel-wise...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: - To show a systematic, easy and fast approach to facial trauma. - To highlight potential complications of facial...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: Purpose: This study evaluates A.I.’s impact on mammography image quality improvement in Guyana during the COVID-19...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: The paper proposes new technologies, including the use of artificial intelligence and adaptive learning, as well as a new system called "Mirror" to personalize the training experience for...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: Ultra-short echo-time (UTE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has shown promise in phenotyping lung diseases, as it provides millimetre resolution and radiation-free measurement of pulmonary structural abnormality [1]. In this work, we aimed to...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: Healthcare is struggling to keep up with technological advances and patient expectations in relation to service provision [1]. There has been a significant surge in attempts to incorporate artificial intelligence (AI) into clinical medicine in order...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: To investigate the relationships between areas of subcutaneousadipose tissue (SAT) and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and pelvic fat volume (PFV), and analyzethe feasibility of diagnosing pelvic lipomatosis (PL) from a single cross-sectional...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: We will briefly list local sources of ectopic gas in each space, followed by a revision of the local anatomy, highlighting the main connections among spaces. A stepwise diagnostic approach to cystic lung diseases. Recognize the characteristic...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: Radiomics is a field of medical study that aims to extract a large number of quantitative features from medical images using data characterization algorithms. It holds potentials to uncover disease characteristics that fail to be appreciated by the...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: To describe thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) and its classification. To interpret epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical presentation of Venous Thoracic Outlet Syndrome (VTOS). To discuss the role of radiology in diagnostic approach, the differential...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: An important patient-size related dose metric in CT is the Size Specific Dose Index (SSDE). This index, developed by AAPM [1, 2] is calculated from the machine/protocol CTDIvol (including phantom type) and a patient-size related quantity (PA/LAT...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: To review imaging findings in patients with thoracic trauma and suggest a systematic approach to radiographic and CT...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: To understand the different types of ROC curves and their appropriate...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: We developed the automated system to evaluate the complexity of the contour of invasive breast cancers (IBCs) and we previously showed that IBCs differ significantly in contour complexity among subtypes. In the present study we examined the...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: To propose an accelerated lumbar spine MRI protocol utilizing a DLbased reconstruction algorithm for highly accelerated spin-echo data acquisition. We aimed to compare the image quality and diagnostic performance of readers for degenerative lumbar...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: Process mining is a machine-learning study methodology which can help clinicians to discover, monitor and improve processes by extracting real-word data for accurate and efficient workflow prototyping and visualization. The aim of this work is to...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: 2 In recent years, magnetic nanoparticles have attracted much research interests for their potential applications in targeted drug delivery [1] , magnetic hyperthermia [2] and medical imaging diagnosis [3] such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: Evaluating tumor response to treatment plays an important role in treatment decision-making. Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria for MRI are currently the most used to quantify treatment response in brain tumors. These criteria are...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: The aim of this study was to validate that Artificial Intelligence (A.I.) can be used to establish population-level mammography image quality and positioning error benchmarks as an important step in a continuous quality improvement...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: Selecting appropriate imaging protocols for new referrals demands radiologist attention and may interrupt emergency imaging workflow. Constant interruptions are a risk factor for errors and can decrease the efficiency of the interpretation work. [1]...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: Urolithiasis is one of the most common diagnosis leading to urologic referral, with a reported prevalence in Western countries ranging from 1-20%. 1 Despite clinical symptoms and laboratory results, imaging plays a central role in the diagnosis of...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: Representing the brain as a functional connectome enables capturing the network aspects of its function, as well as effects of disease and treatment [1]. Graph neural networks enable representing connectivity observed with fMRI [2,3]. However, their...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: Purpose UK National Diagnostic Reference Levels (NDRLs) in CT [1] and ICRP 135 [2] advocate sufficiently large samples of patients for dose audit. This, it is suggested, would ensure that the sample is representative of the population, albeit that...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: Successful Artificial Intelligence (AI) research requires access to large amounts of high-quality data for training algorithms to perform effectively. One of the biggest challenges in AI research is the scarcity of annotated data, which is data that...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using artificial intelligence (AI) to measure and monitor population-level mammography (MG) image quality at Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: To determine the changes in pre and post-therapeutic Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) values for Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcomas (UPS) and to correlate them with tumor treatment response. To determine the value of ADC high-order radiomic...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: To ensure reliable measurements of brain atrophy from longitudinal MR studies it is usually required that the follow-up scans of patients are acquired on the same machine [1]. This is due to the fact that images acquired in different machines are...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: To present the most impactful, current indications and strategies for denoising algorithms in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To describe currently available denoising principles based of deep learning algorithms. To illustrate differences in...

Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Purpose: Aims and objectives Separating Alzheimer’s dementia (AD) from dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) can be challenging, especially in DLB patients with concomitant AD pathology. It is imperative, though, to distinguish the diseases for optimal patient...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: Objective: To see how useful gadoxetic acid contrast-enhanced MRI was for qualitatively measuring liver...

Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References, Learning objectives: In the last decades there has been an increase in both the incidence of rectal cancer (RC) and its related mortality. In an attempt to improve RC out-come, new treatment strategies have been developed over the years, including surgical procedures...