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Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-pch-10.1177_21501351211032919 for Nomenclature for Pediatric and Congenital Cardiac Care: Unification of Clinical and Administrative Nomenclature – The 2021 International Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Code (IPCCC) and the Eleventh Revision of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) by Jeffrey P. Jacobs, Rodney C. G. Franklin, Marie J. Béland, Diane E. Spicer, Steven D. Colan, Henry L. Walters, Frédérique Bailliard, Lucile Houyel, James D. St. Louis, Leo Lopez, Vera D. Aiello, J. William Gaynor, Otto N. Krogmann, Hiromi Kurosawa, Bohdan J. Maruszewski, Giovanni Stellin, Paul Morris Weinberg, Marshall Lewis Jacobs, Jeffrey R. Boris, Meryl S. Cohen, Allen D. Everett, Jorge M. Giroud, Kristine J. Guleserian, Marina L. Hughes, Amy L. Juraszek, Stephen P. Seslar, Charles W. Shepard, Shubhika Srivastava, Andrew C. Cook, Adrian Crucean, Lazaro E. Hernandez, Rohit S. Loomba, Lindsay S. Rogers, Stephen P. Sanders, Jill J. Savla, Elif Seda Selamet Tierney, Justin T. Tretter, Lianyi Wang, Martin J. Elliott, Constantine Mavroudis and Christo I. Tchervenkov in World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery

ObjectivesOur purpose was to investigate a new approach to bicommissural repair of regurgitant aortic valves.BackgroundRepair of regurgitant aortic valves is not widely accepted, but interest is increasing, particularly for bicuspid valves. We hypothesize that a systematic, segmental approach to morphology and corresponding morphology-directed repair will improve decision making and success.MethodsFrom December 2001 to July 2007, a systematic surgical approach to valve analysis and bicommissural repair was applied prospectively to 63 consecutive patients with pure aortic valve regurgitation, mean age 40 ± 12 years. Cusp, commissure, and root morphologies were analyzed sequentially by direct inspection. Each abnormality was corrected by corresponding morphology-directed repair procedures. Retrospectively, 2 echocardiographic indexes—of tissue pliability (change in systolic to diastolic area) and coaptation deficiency (conjoint and reference cusp heights vs. “annulus” diameter)—were developed to evaluate repairability.ResultsForty-two (67%) valves were repaired and 21 (33%) replaced. Regurgitation was related primarily to cusp (prolapse, restriction) and commissure (splaying) morphology; root pathology was less important. Morphology-directed repair included cusp maneuvers in all, commissural maneuvers in 71%, and root procedures in 33%. Restriction and cusp tissue deficiency limited repairability. Echocardiography reflected this in greater tissue pliability of successfully repaired valves compared with replaced ones (conjoint cusp 61 ± 16% vs. 34 ± 17%; reference cusp 65 ± 16% vs. 42 ± 16%; p = 0.0001) and less coaptation deficiency (1.06 ± 0.24 for repaired and 1.27 ± 0.19 for replaced valves; p = 0.002).ConclusionsSystematic segmental analysis of morphology and a logical morphology-directed surgical approach facilitate aortic valve repair. Initial application of this paradigm suggests sufficient mobile cusp tissue is a key determinant of repairability.