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Managing wildlife populations in the face of global change requires regular data on the abundance and distribution of wild animals, but acquiring these over appropriate spatial scales in a sustainable way has proven challenging. Here we present the data from Snapshot USA 2020, a second annual national mammal survey of the USA. This project involved 152 scientists setting camera traps in a standardized protocol at 1485 locations across 103 arrays in 43 states for a total of 52,710 trap-nights of survey effort. Most (58) of these arrays were also sampled during the same months (September and October) in 2019, providing a direct comparison of animal populations in 2 years that includes data from both during and before the COVID-19 pandemic. All data were managed by the eMammal system, with all species identifications checked by at least two reviewers. In total, we recorded 117,415 detections of 78 species of wild mammals, 9236 detections of at least 43 species of birds, 15,851 detections of six domestic animals and 23,825 detections of humans or their vehicles. Spatial differences across arrays explained more variation in the relative abundance than temporal variation across years for all 38 species modeled, although there are examples of significant site-level differences among years for many species. Temporal results show how species allocate their time and can be used to study species interactions, including between humans and wildlife. These data provide a snapshot of the mammal community of the USA for 2020 and will be useful for exploring the drivers of spatial and temporal changes in relative abundance and distribution, and the impacts of species interactions on daily activity patterns. There are no copyright restrictions, and please cite this paper when using these data, or a subset of these data, for publication.

This paper examines gender differences in the identity concerns of sexual minorities in China and the impact of individual and community-level socioeconomic statuses, familial, and cultural factors. A sample of 1076 non-heterosexual young adults (employed, aged 20–35) completed an online questionnaire on only child status, co-residence with parents, traditional values, familial pressure to marry, identity concerns, and demographic information. The findings show that gender impacts identity concerns. Men indicated a higher level of identity concern than women. Both traditional values and familial pressure to marry positively predict the level of identity concern for men and women. While co-residence with parents is a significant predictor for men, women are more affected by region of residence. The findings suggest that the identity concerns of men are mainly related to familial and cultural factors while women’s concerns are also influenced by community-related socioeconomic-status factors. This paper contributes to a better understanding of the role of gender in shaping the lives and experiences of sexual minority people in contemporary China.

Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, 15, 117-138, This paper describes the results of field and documentary archaeological investigations of 39 farming-related structures in the Duddon Valley, Cumbria, some of which have been identified as probable medieval longhouses. Of the five best-preserved structures, four are of the classic two-celled longhouse type, while one is single-celled and may represent a temporarily-occupied shieling. In four cases, several structures are arranged into small settlements. The surveys were conducted by trained volunteers from the Duddon Valley Local History Group under the guidance of professional archaeologists from the Lake District National Park and the National Trust, although this paper is the responsibility of the authors alone. The paper concludes with recommendations for protection of the sites, and for the excavation of some structures.

This article examines the role of sociology in the newly emerged interdisciplinary field of sexology in China, the purpose of which is to produce the ideal citizen. Two strands of Chinese sexology are identified, the biomedical and subjective constructionist models. The former promotes sex for pleasure to enhance marital harmony and thus social stability. Through the establishment of new norms of behavior and relations to the self, individuals are called on to be modern subjects who master sexual knowledge and enjoy a quality sex life with a proper frequency of sex. Those who fail are subject to the control of the medical regime. The latter model emphasizes the recognition of subjective interpretation and divergent sexual practices, and has the potential to serve as a corrective to the biomedical model.

Despite the proclamations of the media from the late 1980s onwards that feminism is ‘over’ and that we were living in a postfeminist era of gender equality1, many commentators argue that there has been a more recent, resurgent interest in feminism in the UK2. This ‘fourth-wave’ has been characterised by growing numbers of new feminist organisations, online communities and activist campaigns3. However, to date, there is a lack of critical work on this ‘fourth-wave’4. This article aims to address this. We consider some contemporary trends within feminist theory and activism and scrutinise some of the socio-cultural, historical and political changes that have given rise to these. We also lend our own thoughts as to whether more recent developments are something to celebrate, for example, as arguably constituting progress from previous ‘waves’, or whether these should be a cause for concern. In particular, we examine the encroachment of neo-liberal values on feminism, the role of technology, intersectionality and so-called ‘identity politics’. We conclude by considering what the major challenges and questions facing feminists now are and what the goals of the feminist movement should be.

By focusing on discourses within the ‘cultural economy’ of reality TV, the following considers the wider positioning of waged labor as essential for mental health during a period of austerity. The findings suggest that discourses of mental health and wellbeing construct figures of a ‘good’ welfare-recipient as one who achieves wellbeing through distancing themselves from the welfare state and progress toward waged work. Framed within the landscape of ‘psycho-politics’, wellbeing and unemployment are arguably entangled to legitimize current welfare policy, placing responsibility on individuals for economic and health security and dissolving concerns over austerity’s systemic impact.

Synopsis In places where feminism or personal autonomy is not part of dominant public discourse, women have to rely on other cultural narratives in the construction of their relationships and living arrangements. This paper is an exploratory study based on self-reports of Hong Kong women in lesbian relationships and who consider themselves as families. The paper aims to contribute to debates on the impact of “doing gender” on the household division of labour. It is found that while the gendered dichotomy of messiness/tidiness translates into an unequal division of housework, not all gendered interactions reinforce inequality. The appropriation of the mainstream heterosexual discourse of gender equality and cultural narrative of the maternal role enable these lesbians to negotiate a balance of power in their intimate relationships.

This article examines and compares the emergence of “gay” identities in Hong Kong and in China, with special attention to the linguistic appropriation and creation of identity labels that have incited new modes of sexual subjectivity and politics. It argues that while global queering has been taking place, what “gay” means in New York may not be the same as what it means in Hong Kong or China. More attention should be given to the twists and turns of transnational cultural flows that result in different forms of hybridized identity. In Hong Kong, a pejorative use of “gay” became prevalent when it was transliterated with the same pronunciation as gei. By contrast, in China during the era of opening up a localized hybrid brand of gayspeak which appropriates the English lexical item “gay” enables one to engage in a stylish and modernized presentation of self. To counter the derogatory meanings of gay/gei, Hong Kong people create the label tongzhi (“comrade”), which signifies cultural specificity and serves t...

Jurgen Habermas (1982b) sees his project as both a continuation and a critical evaluation of earlier critical theory (which primarily means the works of the Frankfurt School). On the one hand, Habermas agrees with earlier critical theory's attempt to shift from the critique of the political economy to the critique of the socio-cultural sphere. That is, the problem of power and domination in late capitalist societies is no longer mainly to do with inequalities and exploitation in the production sphere. Instead, power, in the name of rationality, extends itself to the socio-cultural sphere to instrumentalize our action orientation. The critique of the instrumental rationality becomes the major task of critical theory. On the other hand, Habermas considers the major weakness of earlier critical theory as lying in its confusion of reason with mis instrumental form of rationality. In his view, earlier critical tiieory adopts a totalist critique of Western reason, and hence turns its back on the very foundation of critique. In other words, for Habermas, the basis of critical theory is undermined by the line that the Frankfurt School pursues. Therefore from the beginning Habermas has been preoccupied with two tasks: first, searching for the ground of critique, and second, providing a critique of power in modern societies. Habermas's theory of communicative action, which seeks to demonstrate an internal relation between reason and communication, can be seen as an attempt to accomplish these two tasks. For Habermas, his theory of communicative action provides not only a basis of critique in reason, but also a yardstick according to which one can differentiate legitimate and illegitimate power. This essay focuses primarily on the second task, that is, how Habermas uses his theory of communicative action to provide a critique of power. Habermas's critique of power consists in a differentiation of legitimate and illegitimate power. This differentiation, for him, is also a differentiation between reason and force. Illegitimate power is one which is connected to force and implies a problem of coercion. Legitimate power, on the other hand, is one which is connected to reason. His notion of communicative reason, he asserts, provides the basis for legitimate power. He considers power which is based on the consensus achieved in communicative action as legitimate and connected to reason. This legitimate power, for Habermas, is separated from force and avoids the problem of coercion. In this essay, I intend to examine whether Habermas's communicative concept of power is successful in resolving the problem of coercion which he perceives in a relation of force. I would like to point out that throughout his discussions of power, Habermas does not have only one way of applying the concept of communicative action but uses it in different ways and hence produces different versions of communicative concept of power.11 shall delineate two distinct versions of Habermas's communicative concept of power: an earlier version which conceives legitimate power as arising in communicative action; a later version which conceives power in terms of purposive-instrumental action of which the legitimacy is defined by determination of collective goals in communicative action. There are questions that I would like to put to Habermas. In producing the earlier version of communicative concept of power, Habermas criticizes instrumental-strategic action in terms of its relation to force and coercion, and determines to have a notion of legitimate power which is under the category of communicative action. He argues that legitimate power only arises in communicative action. His later version of communicative concept of power, however, understands legitimate power in terms of instrumental-purposive action rather than as a form of communicative action. Is there any contradiction incurred by upholding these two different versions of communicative concept of power? …

In calling for the need to think about sexuality globally, scholars have given increasing attention to the historical specificities of local contexts. The return to the local, however, may not always be fruitful when the local and the global or the Western and the non‐Western are seen as binary opposites rather than permeable constructs. This paper examines the coming home/coming out controversy and calls into question the understanding of coming home as local resistance against global queering. It instead suggests the possibilities of cultural hybridity and blending of coming out and coming home. Using the First and the Second International Day Against Homophobia Hong Kong Parades as an example, this paper elucidates the complexity of cultural production in the interactions of the West and Non‐West, with attention on the effect of transnational mobility of political rhetoric and tactics.

Both Habermas and Foucault are concerned about the domination of scientific knowledges in modern western societies. They critique science so as to open up space for other knowledges. Despite these similarities, the kinds of critique they carry out differ from each other in a fundamental way. This paper examines the differences of their approaches to knowledge and power. I suggest that Habermas's critique of science can be considered in terms of a juridical model which is guided by the question of how to submit science to the rules of right. ' For him, when science operates within the limits of its own domain, it is seen as lawful, as legitimate; when science transgresses the boundary and invades the domains of others, it is seen as unlawful, as illegitimate. In other words, science is unproblematic when it operates according to the rules of right. In portraying an internal relation between reason and science, Habermas's discourse model further represents science in itself as unproblematic. While science may lend itself to the formation of ideologies and fall prey to power, it is not regarded as internally linked to power, but rather to truth and reason. Foucault's analysis, I contend, can be considered in terms of a strategic model which focuses not so much on the question of right, but rather on the mechanisms through which power effects are produced.2 Instead of fixing the legitimacy of science or asking what is the proper domain of a certain knowledge, Foucault examines the role of certain knowledges in the production of effects of power. From this perspective, he sees that on the one hand, power produces knowledges and on the other hand, these knowledges produce power effects. That is, there is a mutual production between knowledge and power. Nevertheless, one may ask: what the novelty of Foucault's analysis is, for Habermas could not have overlooked this mutual production of knowledge and power. Habermas is certainly aware of the fact that in late capitalist societies, science lends support to state domination and thus produces power effects. On the other hand, he would not deny that the state might encourage the development of science to serve its own domination, and hence there is power's production of knowledge. If Habermas could not be blind to the mutual production of knowledge and power, what challenges does Foucault's analysis pose to Habermas? I argue that Foucault and Habermas have very different views about the ways in which knowledge relates to power. In order to see the challenges that Foucault's work poses to Habermas's theory, one has to look more closely into Foucault's analysis of power and knowledge. When Foucault says "power produces knowledge," his point is not simply that power, as an external force, encourages knowledge by applying and using it for its own purpose. Instead Foucault shows that power constitutes the internal condition of the possibility of certain knowledges. Similarly, when Foucault sees knowledge from a strategic model as part of the totality of means by which power is exercised, he does not treat those knowledges as external to the power effects produced. Instead they form the internal condition of power, without which the production of power effects would not be possible. In contrast to Habermas, Foucault demonstrates that there is an internal rather than external relation between knowledge and power. If knowledge is internally linked to power, it is knowledge rather than false ideologies that produces power effects. It is true knowledge, or truth, that implies power. The problem is no longer falsehood or ideology, but truth. Foucault's work, therefore, not only problematizes knowledge, but also truth. If truth is problematized, that is, if truth is internally linked to power, what are we going to do with truth? In this essay I shall first discuss Habermas's critique of knowledge. Then I shall examine the challenges that Foucault's analysis of power-knowledge poses to Habermas's critique. …

In a critique of Horkheimer and Adorno's Dialectic of Enlightenment, Habermas (1982) comments that enlightened thinking has been understood as an opposing force to myth, and yet Horkheimer and Adorno proclaim that "myth is already enlightenment; and enlightenment reverts to mythology." In Habermas's view, the critique of enlightenment provided by Horkheimer and Adorno is one-sided and totalizing. What it sees about enlightenment is a domination of an objectified external nature and a repressed inner nature; what it sees is: enlightenment is domination. Habermas criticizes this view of enlightenment as one-sided since it fails to affirm the achievements of the Enlightenment which manifest elements of reason. Moreover, he contends that their critique is totalizing since it turns against reason and deprives itself of the ground of critique. In Habermas's view, Foucault's critique has made the same mistake.1 He comments that Foucault's totalizing critique turns against truth and deprives itself of the ground of critique. For him, Foucault's last essays on Enlightenment demonstrate that he has come to recognize the mistake he made and seeks to have a notion of reason to ground his critique. Habermas says, Foucault contrasts his critique of power with the "analysis of truth" in such a fashion that the former becomes deprived of the normative yardsticks that it would have to borrow from the latter. Perhaps the force of this contradiction caught up with Foucault in this last of his texts, drawing him again into the circle of the philosophical discourse of modernity which he thought he could explode. (Habermas, 1986:108) For Habermas, Foucault's later writings, which identify the connection of his project with the Enlightenment, represent a pro-Enlightenment stance which contradicts his anti-Enlightenment position in the earlier work. Some critics, arguing in line with Habermas, view Foucault's later essays as an indication of Foucault's moving away from his earlier position, and toward a convergence with Habermas's position. For example, Norris (1995) contends that Foucault was moving to embrace a Kantian position and to reject the ultra-relativist orthodoxy of his Nietzschean skepticism displayed in the earlier work. Ingram (1995) and McCarthy (1990) suggest that, after taking Foucault's later works into account, Foucault's studies should be understood as a continuation and enrichment of the critical-theoretical tradition of Habermas rather than a break from or an antithesis of it. No one can deny that Foucault has, indeed, come to identify Enlightenment as a certain attitude, a certain philosophizing ethos, which has affinities with his project. But does it mean that Foucault is now identifying with the Enlightenment and seeking to remain within its tradition? Does it mean that Foucault is now, as Habermas does, affirming the achievements of the Enlightenment and treating them as elements of reason that have to be preserved? Has Foucault adopted, as Habermas and some critics see it, contradictory positions in his earlier and later discussions of Enlightenment? This essay will answer the above questions by examining Foucault's works on Enlightenment. In discussing Foucault's views of Enlightenment, I do not only intend to clarify the differences between Foucault and Habermas on the subject of Enlightenment, power and critique, but also to elaborate Foucault's insights for Habermas's theory. I understand this article as an attempt to recast the Habermas/ Foucault debate.2 For insofar as the debate did take place, the amount of discussion by each philosopher about the other was unintentionally lopsided in Habermas's favor. Habermas (1987a) devoted two chapters of The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity to criticizing Foucault, but as the book was published after Foucault's death, it received no reply. This article can be seen as providing a certain reply to Habermas's criticism. More importantly, the debate has often been construed in Habermas's terms and hence results in a failure to appreciate the extent and nature of Foucault's insights. …

In postreform China, many sexual minorities have developed an awareness of sexual rights and a sense of belonging in a queer globality. However, as they are subject to the imperative of heterosexual marriage, sexual orientation and identity tend to be fluid and fragmented. The vast majority of sexual minorities enters heterosexual marriage, while some gays and lesbians have begun using the strategy of cooperative marriage. Despite decriminalization and depathologization of homosexuality, homosexuality remains stigmatized as it has been linked to HIV/AIDS, and married homosexual men are held responsible for spreading HIV to the low-risk population. Divisions among sexual minorities are witnessed along urban/rural and class lines.

Water Quality

Apolipoprotein E is a monomeric protein secreted by the liver and responsible for the transport of plasma cholesterol and triglycerides. The APOE gene encodes 3 isoforms epsilon 4, epsilon 3 and epsilon 2 with APOE epsilon 4 associated with higher plasma cholesterol levels and increased pathogenesis in several infectious diseases (HIV, HSV). Given that cholesterol is an important nutrient for malaria parasites, we examined whether APOE epsilon 4 was a risk factor for Plasmodium infection, in terms of prevalence or parasite density. A cross sectional survey was performed in 508 children aged 1 to 12 years in Gabon during the wet season. Children were screened for Plasmodium spp. infection, APOE and hemoglobin S (HbS) polymorphisms. Median parasite densities were significantly higher in APOE epsilon 4 children for Plasmodium spp. densities compared to non-APOE epsilon 4 children. When stratified for HbS polymorphisms, median Plasmodium spp. densities were significantly higher in HbAA children if they had an APOE epsilon 4 allele compared to those without an APOE epsilon 4 allele. When considering non-APOE epsilon 4 children, there was no quantitative reduction of Plasmodium spp. parasite densities for HbAS compared to HbAA phenotypes. No influence of APOE epsilon 4 on successful Plasmodium liver cell invasion was detected by multiplicity of infection. These results show that the APOE epsilon 4 allele is associated with higher median malaria parasite densities in children likely due to the importance of cholesterol availability to parasite growth and replication. Results suggest an epistatic interaction between APOE and HbS genes such that sickle cell trait only had an effect on parasite density in APOE epsilon 4 children. This suggests a linked pathway of regulation of parasite density involving expression of these genes. These findings have significance for understanding host determinants of regulation of malaria parasite density, the design of clinical trials as well as studies of co-infection with Plasmodium and other pathogens.

The removal of homosexuality from the list of mental disorders and the repeal of restrictive sexual laws deem that Foucault's argument on the discursive control of homosexuality requires refinement to take into consideration the continual modernization and improvement of power. This article examines the multilayered discursive terrain in Hong Kong where homosexuality is created, regulated, and contested in the contemporary era. With the popularization of human rights discourse, sexual dissidents are not simply treated as criminal or pathological; rather, legal and medical discourses have shifted to an increasing reliance on notions of risk to put mechanisms of social regulation in place.

Background: Haptoglobin related protein (Hpr) is a key component of trypanosome lytic factors (TLF), a subset of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) that form the first line of human defence against African trypanosomes. Hpr, like haptoglobin (Hp) can bind to hemoglobin (Hb) and it is the Hpr-Hb complexes which bind to these parasites allowing uptake of TLF. This unique form of innate immunity is primate-specific. To date, there have been no population studies of plasma levels of Hpr, particularly in relation to hemolysis and a high prevalence of ahaptoglobinemia as found in malaria endemic areas. Methods and Principal Findings: We developed a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure levels of plasma Hpr in Gabonese children sampled during a period of seasonal malaria transmission when acute phase responses (APR), malaria infection and associated hemolysis were prevalent. Median Hpr concentration was 0.28 mg/ml (range 0.03-1.1). This was 5-fold higher than that found in Caucasian children (0.049 mg/ml, range 0.002-0.26) with no evidence of an APR. A general linear model was used to investigate associations between Hpr levels, host polymorphisms, parasitological factors and the acute phase proteins, Hp, C-reactive protein (CRP) and albumin. Levels of Hpr were associated with Hp genotype, decreased with age and were higher in females. Hpr concentration was strongly correlated with that of Hp, but not CRP. Conclusions/Significance: Individual variation in Hpr levels was related to Hp level, Hp genotype, demographics, malaria status and the APR. The strong correlations between plasma levels of Hp and Hpr suggest that they are regulated by similar mechanisms. These population-based observations indicate that a more dynamic view of the relative roles of Hpr and Hpr-Hb complexes needs to be considered in understanding innate immunity to African trypanosomes and possibly other pathogens including the newly discovered Plasmodium spp of humans and primates.

The seasonal pattern of Japanese plum (Prunus salicina L.) fruit growth and source/sink limitations to fruit growth were analyzed by a functional approach. The study was based on the comparison be tween unthinned and heavily-thinned trees of two plum cultivars, 'Black Amber' and 'Royal Diamond' (early- and late maturing cultivars, respectively). Individual fruit size, expressed as fruit dry weight, was significantly higher in trees with lower crop loads. The analysis of the relative growth rate patterns in dicated that plum fruit growth is limited by resource and genetic limitations (source and sink limitations, respectively). Both plum cultivars appeared to have a source-limited fruit growth period occurring in the stage I of the double-sigmoid fruit growth curve and a sink-limited stage occurring during the stage II. Although the fruits of the early-maturing cultivar accumulated less dry matter during their developmental time, compared to those of the late-maturing cultivar, they appear to have a higher potential net sink strength during their growth period.

Oral history has long been an important resource for lesbian and other underprivileged groups in advancing identity politics. While there is an increased awareness of social construction of identity and the impact of race and class on the experiences of sexual identities, oral historians have yet to rethink their task in view of poststructuralists' and queer theorists' critique of identity. This paper examines the "Oral History Project of Hong Kong Women Who Love Women" as an attempt to construct histories that respect difference and minimize normalization. It discusses the project's significance in terms of its subversion of the heterosexual/homosexual binary and its queering of the notions of identity, community and coming out. The critique unfolded is one of anti-assimilation and anti-minoritization. doi:10.1300/J155v10n03_03.

International audience

The conventional approach to eliminate and prevent new intramammary infections over the dry period is to infuse all quarters with a long-acting dry cow antibiotic. However, this approach is hot without controversy, and alternative methods aimed at teat-end protection have been developed. The use of an external teat sealant to form a physical barrier is one such example. The objective of this study was to determine if application of a dry cow teat sealant at drying-off significantly reduced the level of infection at calving, and the impact of sealant adherence on achieving this outcome., American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2003

The role of hygiene in the prevention of new intramammary infections has been well understood since the late 1950's. In 1965, Newbould reviewed the literature on disinfection in the prevention of udder infections.1 Throughout the next decade, numerous disinfectant products were approved and marketed. Even though significant extension education efforts were mounted, in 1981 a formal observational study reported that the implementation of proper milking management methods on Ontario dairy farms had not kept pace with the current knowledge on mastitis control.2 Barely 50% of herds were using post-milking teat dipping. Since that time, there has been relatively little published regarding implementation of recommended mastitis control practices.3 During the same time period, the iodine content of fluid milk has been questioned. The concentration of iodine has been reported for raw farm milk4 and for retail milk samples.5 Some evidence of samples with high milk iodine content was documented in these reports. Even though iodine is essential, it is a potentially harmful dietary element, and cause for public concern. The impact of pre-milking teat disinfection on the iodine content of milk has been studied.6 However, recent literature is lacking on the prevalence of elevated iodine in the farm-gate milk supply. The objective of this project was to determine the current status of the Ontario dairy industry for frequency of use of various milking management procedures, and to study the association between the use of these practices and bulk milk iodine concentrations., American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1999

The risk of new intramammary infection (IMI) is dramatically increased during the first week of the dry period.1 Intramammary treatment with a long-acting antibiotic formulation is recommended for all quarters of all cows, in part to control the new IMI in the early dry period. Recently, a dry cow teat sealant has been marketed for protection of the tea tend after dry-off. Efficacy trials have demonstrated a reduction in new IMI caused by environmental Streptococci.2 The sealant should persist on the teat end until the keratin plug has formed in the streak canal. The objective of this project was to study the association between various teat and cow-level variables and the duration of adherence of a dry cow teat sealant., American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 1999

The Canadian approach to design accepts the presence of some construction deficiencies and calls for a multiple-line of defense. Until now, such a design has been based on the qualitative assessments rooted in experience, i.e., tradition, and involved little integration with the newly emerging analytical tools, e.g., advanced hygrothermal models. The relation between the design and climatic conditions acting on a building is not well established. Research should be undertaken to clarify the relationship between climate and the moisture performance of a given wall assembly, i.e. to enhance the predictability of moisture performance for different wall assemblies when constructed with some deficiencies and exposed to a given climate.

The objectives of the study were 1) to examine selected near-shore and wetland locations in the Canadian Great Lakes Basin, and agricultural sources of sediments contaminated by toxic agricultural chemicals (esp. pesticides) 2) estimate the quantity of chemicals present 3) evaluate their bioavailability and impact on wetland ecology and 4) identify the options for remedial action. This report summarizes some of the data collected during the life of the study. Unfortunately, it is not possible to include all of the detailed data on sediment quality until the authors have had some time to interpret the results. A separate report is being prepared on sediments that were sampled from the areas studied. Additional scientific papers and presentations will be prepared by the authors to communicate the results of our study. Great Lakes Action Plan of Environment Canada

International audience; Governments around the world are actively promoting citizens electronic access to their health data as one of a number of ways to respond to the challenges of health care delivery in the 21st century. While numerous approaches have been utilized it is evident from crosscountry comparisons that there are different conceptualizations of: both the expected and desired roles for citizens in the management RI WKHLU RZQ KHDOWK the benefits that will be delivered by citizen access and how these benefits should be measured and benchmarked overtime. This paper presents comparative analyses of the methods by which citizens are provided with access to their own health data across 11 countries. The paper aims to stimulate debate on electronic citizen access to health data and the challenges of measuring benefit as well as reflection on capacity of different citizens to engage with ehealth.

Este trabalho foi financiado pelo Concurso Anual para Projetos de Investigação, Desenvolvimento, Inovação e Criação Artística (IDI&CA) 2016 do Instituto Politécnico de Lisboa. Código de referência: IPL/2016/CardiaCor_ESTeSL Four groups of 71 subjects 47 with body mass index (BMI) between 30 and 35 (27 Male (M1) and 20 Female (F1)) and 24 with BMI above 35 ( 13 Male (M2) and 11 Female (F2)) who underwent stress-rest , SPECT MPI of a two day protocol, by EANM guideline protocol, with and without the incorporation of the Attenuation correction by computed tomography (CTAC), for stress and rest separately. For perfusion percentage quantifications, the 5 walls model of the left ventricle (LV) was used: anterior (ANT), lateral (LAT), inferior (INF), septal (SEP) and apical (API), using the QGS/QPSTM software. For statistical evaluation, it was used the Friedman test. Statistically significant differences were found in comparison of studies with and without attenuation correction (AC) for: F1 in stress and rest studies respectively for LAT (p=0.006 and p=0.034), INF (p=0.000 and p=0.000) and in rest study for SEP (p=0.044) LV walls; F2 group of stress and rest studies respectively for INF (p=0.001 and p=0.008) walls; M1 group of stress and rest study respectively for LAT (p=0.000 and p=0.000), INF (p=0.000 and p=0.000) SEP (p=0.003 and p=0.001) walls and just in rest study for API (p=0.045) LV walls; M2 group of stress and rest studies respectively for INF (p=0.000 and p=0.000), LAT (p=0.020 and p=0.014) and in stress study for SEP (p=0.003) LV walls. The influence of CT-AC is bigger within the groups with BMI between 30 and 35. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

To develop and test an interactive robot mounted computing device to support medication management as an example of a complex self-care task in older adults.A Grounded Theory (GT), Participatory Design (PD) approach was used within three Action Research (AR) cycles to understand design requirements and test the design configuration addressing the unique task requirements.At the end of the first cycle a conceptual framework was evolved. The second cycle informed architecture and interface design. By the end of third cycle residents successfully interacted with the dialogue system and were generally satisfied with the robot. The results informed further refinement of the prototype.An interactive, touch screen based, robot-mounted information tool can be developed to support healthcare needs of older people. Qualitative methods such as the hybrid GT-PD-AR approach may be particularly helpful for innovating and articulating design requirements in challenging situations.

This chapter aims, first, to scrutinise contemporary research and theory within mainstream psychology around social class and, second, to analyse the interrelationship with this and the history of the psychology of social class. We will identify a selection of ways in which the discipline of psychology has researched, theorised and practiced social class and how these have accounted for where we are now. We will also consider arguments that the ‘psy’ disciplines have a ‘horrible’ history where psychological accounts have enabled notions of class oppression, poverty and inequality to be an ‘absent present’. Last, we will review some examples of mainstream psychological work on social class that has questioned social conditions and practices and explore how these may contribute to class-related psychologies.

Following on from the previous chapter, this chapter reviews social psychological and sociological work that has sought to unpick how culturally shared ideology produces classed identities to discriminate and minimise the space for collective, class-based resistance. In detail, we will argue that socially-located derogatory discourses are commonly reproduced in everyday life, how explicit discourse in relation to social class is often unavailable or avoided and how such socially produced classism can produce an uncomfortable emotional realm. Despite this, we will review empirical research that has demonstrated how working-class people sometimes can and do negotiate more positive identity positions for themselves and each other in a variety of everyday contexts and situations.