Search

Contains fulltext : 202687.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)

Item does not contain fulltext NEW FINDINGS: What is the central question of this study? We explored whether heart failure (HF) patients demonstrate different exercise-induced brachial artery shear rate patterns compared with control subjects. What is the main finding and its importance? Moderate-intensity cycle exercise in HF patients is associated with an attenuated increase in brachial artery anterograde and mean shear rate and skin temperature. Differences between HF patients and control subjects cannot be explained fully by differences in workload. HF patients demonstrate a less favourable shear rate pattern during cycle exercise compared with control subjects. Repeated elevations in shear rate (SR) in conduit arteries, which occur during exercise, represent a key stimulus to improve vascular function. We explored whether heart failure (HF) patients demonstrate distinct changes in SR in response to moderate-intensity cycle exercise compared with healthy control subjects. We examined brachial artery SR during 40 min of cycle exercise at a work rate equivalent to 65% peak oxygen uptake in 14 HF patients (65 +/- 7 years old, 13 men and one woman) and 14 control subjects (61 +/- 5 years old, 12 men and two women). Brachial artery diameter, SR and oscillatory shear index (OSI) were assessed using ultrasound at baseline and during exercise. The HF patients demonstrated an attenuated increase in mean and anterograde brachial artery SR during exercise compared with control subjects (time x group interaction, P = 0.003 and P < 0.001, respectively). Retrograde SR increased at the onset of exercise and remained increased throughout the exercise period in both groups (time x group interaction, P = 0.11). In control subjects, the immediate increase in OSI during exercise (time, P < 0.001) was normalized after 35 min of cycling. In contrast, the increase in OSI after the onset of exercise did not normalize in HF patients (time x group interaction, P = 0.029). Subgroup analysis of five HF patients and five control subjects with comparable workload (97 +/- 13 versus 90 +/- 22 W, P = 0.59) confirmed the presence of distinct changes in mean SR during exercise (time x group interaction, P = 0.030). Between-group differences in anterograde/retrograde SR or OSI did not reach statistical significance (time x group interactions, P > 0.05). In conclusion, HF patients demonstrate a less favourable SR pattern during cycle exercise than control subjects, characterized by an attenuated mean and anterograde SR and by increased OSI.

Contains fulltext : 169789.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) OBJECTIVES: Pre-eclampsia (PE) is associated with both postpartum structural asymptomatic heart disease (i.e. heart failure Stage B (HF-B)) and conventional cardiovascular (CV) risk factors. We aimed to evaluate the extent to which PE, adjusted for conventional CV risk factors, is associated independently with asymptomatic cardiac abnormalities postpartum. METHODS: In this cross-sectional cohort study, 107 formerly pre-eclamptic women and 41 women with uneventful previous pregnancy (controls) were invited for CV risk assessment 4-10 years postpartum. This included cardiac ultrasound, blood pressure (BP) measurement and evaluation of metabolic syndrome determinants. Asymptomatic structural and functional cardiac abnormalities were classified as HF-B, according to the American Heart Association guidelines. Prehypertension was defined as systolic BP of 120-139 mmHg and/or diastolic BP of 80-89 mmHg. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to calculate associations of PE and conventional risk factors with HF-B. RESULTS: The prevalence of asymptomatic HF-B was approximately 3.5-fold higher in the PE group compared with controls (25% vs 7%, P < 0.01); 67% of this group had concentric remodeling and 22% had mildly impaired ejection fraction. After adjustment for postpartum interval, hypertension and high-density lipoprotein, PE was significantly associated with HF-B (adjusted odds ratio, 4.4 (95% CI, 1.0-19.1)). Moreover, in the formerly pre-eclamptic group, prehypertension was associated significantly with HF-B (odds ratio, 4.3 (95% CI, 1.4-12.7)), while metabolic syndrome determinants were not. CONCLUSION: PE is associated with a four-fold increased female-specific risk of asymptomatic cardiac abnormalities. Prehypertension apparently increases this risk significantly, while metabolic syndrome determinants do not. Copyright (c) 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Contains fulltext : 133839.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) AIMS: In women with congenital heart disease (CHD), cardiovascular complications during pregnancy are common, but the risk assessment of these patients remains difficult. This study sought to determine the independent role of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in addition to other parameters in predicting adverse cardiovascular events during pregnancy in women with CHD. METHODS AND RESULTS: We conducted a national, prospective multicentre cohort study. Follow-up with clinical evaluation and echocardiography and NT-proBNP measurement was performed at 20-week gestation. Adverse cardiovascular events occurred in 10.3% of 213 pregnancies. N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide levels >128 pg/mL at 20-week gestation, the presence of a mechanical valve, and subpulmonary ventricular dysfunction before conception were independently associated with events [odds ratio (OR) 10.6 (P = 0.039), OR 12.0 (P = 0.016), and OR 4.2 (P = 0.041), respectively]. The negative predictive value of NT-proBNP levels 128 pg/mL at 20 weeks of gestation had an additional value in predicting the occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events on the top of the other identified predictors (area under the curve 0.90 vs. 0.78, P = 0.035). CONCLUSION: Increased NT-proBNP levels at 20 weeks of gestation are an independent risk predictor of cardiovascular events during pregnancy in women with CHD.

Item does not contain fulltext BACKGROUND: Pulmonary artery (PA) aneurysms are rare and their related complications like dissection or rupture have been so far reported in a few reports, and a systematic description of the disease is lacking. To identify patients with PA aneurysm, at high-risk for complications, is critical. We performed a systematic review of the literature to determine characteristics that could identify high-risk patients. METHOD: A systematic search strategy was established and executed in Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Google scholar. Case reports were included if a minimal set of data were described. RESULTS: After executing the search strategy and exclusion of non-relevant or duplicate articles, 38 original articles, reviews and 169 case reports could be included. Articles were classified in high and low-pressure PA aneurysms and subdivided in six groups on basis of the causative mechanisms. PA dilatation was most common in association with pulmonary hypertension, but only one dissection was reported in 6 original articles containing 153 patients. Analysis of the case reports suggests that predictors of high-risk patients are: pulmonary hypertension in congenital heart disease, fast PA diameter growth (>2 mm/year), tissue weakness due to infection and possibly pregnancy especially in combination. Except for 2 cases, PA dissection did not occur, when the PA diameter was

Contains fulltext : 89661.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) OBJECTIVE: To compare the risks of pregnancy complications in women with repaired and unrepaired isolated ventricular septal defect (VSD). DESIGN: A retrospective multicentre study. SETTING: Tertiary centres in the Netherlands and Belgium. METHODS: Women were identified using two congenital heart disease registries. Eighty-eight women were identified who had experienced 202 pregnancies, including 46 miscarriages and nine terminations of pregnancy. Information on each completed pregnancy (n = 147; unrepaired VSD, n = 104; repaired VSD, n = 43) was obtained using medical records and telephone interviews. Data from the Generation R database (prospective cohort study; n = 9667) were used to determine the background risk (controls). Odds ratios and 95% CI were estimated using general estimation equation analysis adjusted for multiple pregnancies per woman, maternal age and parity status. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for developing pregnancy complications in relation to corrective status. RESULTS: Pregnancies in women with an unrepaired VSD were associated with a higher risk of pre-eclampsia (AOR 4.59, 95% CI 2.01-10.5, P < 0.001) compared with controls. No differences were observed when comparing women with repaired VSD and controls. Pregnancies in women with repaired VSD were associated with a higher risk of premature labour (AOR 4.02, 95% CI 1.12-14.4, P = 0.03) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) births (AOR 4.09, 95% CI 1.27-13.2, P = 0.02) compared with women with unrepaired VSD. CONCLUSIONS: Women with unrepaired VSD are at increased risk of pre-eclampsia, which suggests that it is not a benign condition. In addition, women with repaired VSD are at increased risk of premature labour and SGA births compared with women with unrepaired VSD. 01 mei 2010

Contains fulltext : 81862.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) OBJECTIVE: To compare the risks of complications during pregnancy in women with repaired and unrepaired atrial septal defects (ASDs) without associated complex cardiac lesions. DESIGN: A retrospective multicentre study. SETTING: Tertiary centres in the Netherlands and Belgium. POPULATION: Women with ASD without associated complex cardiac lesions. METHODS: Women were identified using two congenital heart disease registries. One hundred women were identified who had 243 pregnancies, including 49 miscarriages and six terminations of pregnancy. Detailed information on each completed pregnancy (n = 188; unrepaired ASD, n = 133; repaired ASD, n = 55) was obtained using medical records and telephone interviews. In addition, data from the Generation R database (a prospective cohort study; n = 9667) were used to determine the background risk (control group). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for cardiac, obstetric and neonatal events controlled for multiple pregnancies per woman using general estimating equation analysis. RESULTS: Women with an unrepaired ASD had a higher risk of neonatal events (AOR = 2.99, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14-7.89, P = 0.027) than women with a repaired ASD. The risk of cardiac and obstetric complications was comparable between women with unrepaired and repaired ASDs. Compared with the general population, women with an unrepaired ASD had higher risks of pre-eclampsia (AOR = 3.54, 95% CI 1.26-9.98, P = 0.017), small-for-gestational-age births (AOR = 1.95, 95% CI 1.15-3.30, P = 0.013) and fetal mortality (AOR = 5.55, 95% CI 1.77-17.4, P = 0.003). By contrast, no differences were observed when comparing women with a repaired ASD versus controls. CONCLUSIONS: Women with an unrepaired ASD are at increased risk of neonatal events in comparison with women with a repaired ASD. Compared with the general population, women with an unrepaired ASD are at increased risk of pre-eclampsia, small-for-gestational-age births and fetal mortality.

Contains fulltext : 48300.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) 3 patients, 2 women aged 64 and 44 and 1 man aged 67, had severe dyspnoea and a large centrally-located pulmonary embolism (PE) without any accompanying arterial hypotension. They were all given conventional anticoagulation therapy, although thrombolytic therapy was also considered. The women recovered but the man eventually died of a second massive embolism. PE is a disease with a potentially high mortality. Patients with cardiogenic shock due to PE are candidates for thrombolytic therapy. A subset of patients with right-ventricular dysfunction (submassive PE) also have a poorer prognosis despite the absence ofarterial hypotension or shock. Spiral CT-scan is becoming the first-line imaging test of preference in patients with suspected PE. Spiral CT enables the accurate visualization ofthrombi. The value of risk management using cardial biomarkers, spiral CT and echocardiography is not yet clear. There is no evidence that thrombolytic therapy is beneficial in patients with acute PE and right-ventricular dysfunction without overt shock.

Contains fulltext : 134038.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a standardized exercise program on sports enjoyment and leisure-time spending in adolescents with congenital heart disease and to know what the moderating impact of their baseline health behavior and disease knowledge is. METHODS: Included were 93 patients, aged 10 to 25, with surgical repair for tetralogy of Fallot or with a Fontan circulation for single-ventricle physiology, of 5 participating centers of pediatric cardiology in The Netherlands. They were randomly allocated, stratified for age, gender, and type of congenital heart disease to a 12-week period with either: (1) three times per week standardized exercise training or (2) care as usual (randomization ratio 2:1). At baseline and after 12 weeks, participants completed Web-based questionnaires and were interviewed by phone. OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary analyses tested changes from baseline to follow-up in sports enjoyment and leisure-time spending in the exercise group vs. control group. Secondary analyses concerned the moderating influence of baseline health behavior and disease knowledge on changes from baseline to follow-up, and comparison with normative data. RESULTS: At follow-up, the exercise group reported a decrease in passive leisure-time spending (watching television and computer usage) compared with controls. Exercise training had no effect on sports enjoyment and active leisure-time spending. Disease knowledge had a moderating effect on improvement in sports enjoyment, whereas health behavior did not. Compared with normative data, patients obtained similar leisure time scores and lower frequencies as to drinking alcohol and smoking. CONCLUSIONS: Exercise training decreased passive, but not active, leisure-time spending. It did not influence sports enjoyment.

Item does not contain fulltext OBJECTIVES: Adequate prepregnancy prediction of maternal cardiovascular and offspring risk is important for counselling and management of pregnancy in women with congenital heart disease (CHD). Therefore we performed a study to identify the optimal assessment strategy for estimating the risk of pregnancy in women with CHD. METHODS: In this prospective study, we determined the outcomes of 213 pregnancies in 203 women with CHD. The ZAHARA I (Zwangerschap bij Aangeboren HARtAfwijkingen I) and CARPREG (CARdiac disease in PREGnancy) risk scores were calculated for each pregnancy, as was the total number of cardiovascular (TPc) or offspring risk predictors (TPo) from these and other studies combined. Pregnancies were also classified according to the modified WHO classification of maternal cardiovascular risk and according to disease complexity (DC). RESULTS: Maternal cardiovascular events occurred during 22 pregnancies (10.3%). Offspring events occurred during 77 pregnancies in 81 children (37.3%). Cardiovascular and offspring event rates increased with higher risk scores, higher TPc or TPo, higher WHO class and greater DC. The highest area under the curve (AUC) for maternal cardiovascular risk was achieved by the WHO class (AUC: 0.77, p

Item does not contain fulltext BACKGROUND: Data on long-term complications in adult patients with congenital heart disease (ACHD) and a prosthetic valve are scarce. Moreover, the influence of prosthetic valves on quality of life (QoL) and functional outcome in ACHD patients with prosthetic valves has not been studied. OBJECTIVES: The primary objective of the PROSTAVA study is to investigate the relation between prosthetic valve characteristics (type, size and location) and functional outcome as well as QoL in ACHD patients. The secondary objectives are to investigate the prevalence and predictors of prosthesis-related complications including prosthesis-patient mismatch. METHODS: The PROSTAVA study, a multicentre cross-sectional observational study, will include approximately 550 ACHD patients with prosthetic valves. Primary outcome measures are maximum oxygen uptake during cardiopulmonary exercise testing and QoL. Secondary outcomes are the prevalence and incidence of valve-related complications including prosthesis-patient mismatch. Other evaluations are medical history, physical examination, echocardiography, MRI, rhythm monitoring and laboratory evaluation (including NT-proBNP). IMPLICATIONS: Identification of the relation between prosthetic valve characteristics in ACHD patients on one hand and functional outcome, QoL, the prevalence and predictors of prosthesis-related complications on the other hand may influence the choice of valve prosthesis, the indication for more extensive surgery and the indication for re-operation.

Item does not contain fulltext Exercise training represents a successful and powerful strategy to prevent future cardiovascular disease. Paradoxically, performance of exercise is also associated with an increased risk of acute cardiac events. Accordingly, patients may present to hospital with cardiac symptoms following a bout of unaccustomed physical effort (e.g. exercise). Current guidelines for the identification of an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) importantly depend on the presence of cardiac troponin as a highly sensitive marker of cardiac damage. However, a number of studies have reported elevated cardiac troponin levels in asymptomatic, healthy subjects after endurance exercise (such as a marathon, prolonged cycling or prolonged walking). These observations indicate that elevated cardiac troponin levels can be the result of cardiac ischemia, and subsequent necrosis, but also may be related to strenuous exercise. In this paper, we present three different clinical cases of post-exercise elevations in cardiac troponins, each with a distinct clinical presentation. These case studies emphasize that a detailed assessment of all symptoms and a thorough patient-history are prerequisite for accurate interpretation of a positive cardiac troponin test following exercise.

Background In women with corrected tetralogy of Fallot (ToF), pregnancy is associated with maternal cardiac, obstetric, and offspring complications. Our aim is to investigate the magnitude and determinants of pregnancy outcome in women with corrected ToF.Methods In this retrospective international multicenter study using 2 congenital heart disease registries, 204 women with corrected ToF were identified. Within this group, 74 women had 157 pregnancies, including 30 miscarriages and 4 terminations of pregnancy. Detailed information on each completed pregnancy (n = 123) was obtained using medical records and supplementary interviews.Results Cardiovascular events occurred during 10 (8.1%) pregnancies, mainly (supra) ventricular arrhythmias. Obstetric and offspring events occurred in 73 (58.9%) and 42 (33.9%) pregnancies, respectively, including offspring mortality in 8 (6.4%). The most important predictor was use of cardiac medication before pregnancy (odds ratio for cardiac events 11.7, 95% CI 2.2-62.7; odds ratio for offspring events 8.4, 95% CI 1.4-48.6). In pregnancies with cardiovascular events, significantly more small-for-gestational-age children were born (P value Conclusions Cardiovascular, obstetric, and offspring events occur frequently during pregnancies in women with ToF. Maternal use of cardiovascular medication is associated with pregnancy outcome, and maternal cardiovascular events during pregnancy are highly associated with offspring events. (Am Heart J 2011;161:307-13.)

Objective To compare the risks of pregnancy complications in women with repaired and unrepaired isolated ventricular septal defect (VSD). Design A retrospective multicentre study. Setting Tertiary centres in the Netherlands and Belgium. Methods Women were identified using two congenital heart disease registries. Eighty-eight women were identified who had experienced 202 pregnancies, including 46 miscarriages and nine terminations of pregnancy. Information on each completed pregnancy (n = 147; unrepaired VSD, n = 104; repaired VSD, n = 43) was obtained using medical records and telephone interviews. Data from the Generation R database (prospective cohort study; n = 9667) were used to determine the background risk (controls). Odds ratios and 95% CI were estimated using general estimation equation analysis adjusted for multiple pregnancies per woman, maternal age and parity status. Main outcome measures Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) for developing pregnancy complications in relation to corrective status. Results Pregnancies in women with an unrepaired VSD were associated with a higher risk of pre-eclampsia (AOR 4.59, 95% CI 2.01-10.5, P < 0.001) compared with controls. No differences were observed when comparing women with repaired VSD and controls. Pregnancies in women with repaired VSD were associated with a higher risk of premature labour (AOR 4.02, 95% CI 1.12-14.4, P = 0.03) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA) births (AOR 4.09, 95% CI 1.27-13.2, P = 0.02) compared with women with unrepaired VSD. Conclusions Women with unrepaired VSD are at increased risk of pre-eclampsia, which suggests that it is not a benign condition. In addition, women with repaired VSD are at increased risk of premature labour and SGA births compared with women with unrepaired VSD.

Item does not contain fulltext BACKGROUND: Ventricular systolic and diastolic function, as measured by echocardiography, are diminished in patients with a systemic right ventricle (RV). As the clinical implications of these finding remained unknown, we aimed to identify echocardiographic parameters of systolic and diastolic ventricular function that are independent determinants of the clinical condition in these patients. METHODS: Forty-six adult patients (61% male; mean age 33 [range 18-69] years) with a systemic RV underwent echocardiography to assess qualitative and quantitative systolic and diastolic function of the systemic RV and the subpulmonary left ventricle (LV). Uni- and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to identify independent echocardiographic determinants for NYHA class, maximal exercise capacity (V'O(2peak)) and NT-proBNP levels. RESULTS: We found qualitative assessment of RV and LV function to be significantly associated with NYHA class (RV: beta= 0.26; P = 0.05 and LV: beta= 0.82; P < 0.01), V'O(2peak) (RV: beta=-10.4; P < 0.05 and LV: beta=-18.4; P < 0.05) and NT-proBNP levels (RV: beta= 0.58; P < 0.01 and LV: beta= 1.40; P < 0.001). Tricuspid annulus plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) was significantly associated with NYHA class (beta=-0.92; P = 0.001), V'O(2peak) (beta= 18.5; P = 0.05), and serum NT-proBNP levels (beta=-1.00; P < 0.05). Associations between quantitative parameters of systolic subpulmonary LV function and clinical parameters were less distinct. We found no associations between RV and LV diastolic function and clinical parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Qualitative function of the systemic RV and the subpulmonary LV, and TAPSE, are determinants of clinical condition in patients with a systemic RV. These patients' clinical condition could not be determined by echocardiographically measured diastolic RV function, and systolic and diastolic LV function. 01 november 2010

Contains fulltext : 89656.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) AIMS: Data regarding pregnancy outcome in women with congenital heart disease (CHD) are limited. METHODS AND RESULTS: In 1802 women with CHD, 1302 completed pregnancies were observed. Independent predictors of cardiac, obstetric, and neonatal complications were calculated using logistic regression. The most prevalent cardiac complications during pregnancy were arrhythmias (4.7%) and heart failure (1.6%). Factors independently associated with maternal cardiac complications were the presence of cyanotic heart disease (corrected/uncorrected) (P < 0.0001), the use of cardiac medication before pregnancy (P < 0.0001), and left heart obstruction (P < 0.0001). New characteristics were mechanical valve replacement (P = 0.0014), and systemic (P = 0.04) or pulmonary atrioventricular valve regurgitation related with the underlying (moderately) complex CHD (P = 0.03). A new risk score for cardiac complications is proposed. The most prevalent obstetric complications were hypertensive complications (12.2%). No correlation of maternal characteristics with adverse obstetric outcome was found. The most prevalent neonatal complications were premature birth (12%), small for gestational age (14%), and mortality (4%). Cyanotic heart disease (corrected/uncorrected) (P = 0.0003), mechanical valve replacement (P = 0.03), maternal smoking (P = 0.007), multiple gestation (P = 0.0014), and the use of cardiac medication (P = 0.0009) correlated with adverse neonatal outcome. CONCLUSION: In our tertiary CHD cohort, cardiac, obstetric, and neonatal complications were frequently encountered, and (new) correlations of maternal baseline data with adverse outcome are reported. A new risk score for adverse cardiac complications is proposed, although prospective validation remains necessary. 01 september 2010

Contains fulltext : 52390.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) A search of peer-reviewed literature was conducted to identify reports that provide data on complications associated with pregnancy in women with structural congenital heart disease (CHD). This review describes the outcome of 2,491 pregnancies, including 377 miscarriages (15%) and 114 elective abortions (5%). Important cardiac complications were seen in 11% of the pregnancies. Obstetric complications do not appear to be more prevalent. In complex CHD, premature delivery rates are high, and more children are small for gestational age. The offspring mortality was high throughout the spectrum and was related to the relatively high rate of premature delivery and recurrence of CHD.

Contains fulltext : 48211.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Pulmonary hypertension is a devastating complication of various, but rare diseases and can also occur as an isolated entity. It causes morbidity and mortality in all patients. Ongoing research has provided some insight into the pathophysiology and clinical manifestations, and new therapeutic options have recently become available for some types of pulmonary hypertension. In order to provide optimal care for an individual patient it is mandatory to establish the type and severity of the pulmonary hypertension in each patient. The diagnostic protocol used in our hospital is presented along with a description of two case histories. An algorithm of the different therapeutic strategies now available is given as well as recommendations for follow-up.

Contains fulltext : 23172___.PDF (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access)

Contains fulltext : mmubn000001_219268789.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Promotores : T. van der Werf en O. Daniëls 183 p.

Background Previous research has shown that women with congenital heart disease (CHD) are more susceptible to cardiovascular, obstetric, and offspring events. The causative pathophysiologic mechanisms are incompletely understood. Inadequate uteroplacental circulation is an important denominator in adverse obstetric events and offspring outcome. The relation between cardiac function and uteroplacental perfusion has not been investigated in women with CHD. Moreover, the effects of physiologic changes on pregnancy-related events are unknown. In addition, long-term effects of pregnancy on cardiac function and exercise capacity are scarce.Methods Zwangerschap bij Aangeboren Hartafwijking (ZAHARA) II, a prospective multicenter cohort study, investigates changes in and relations between cardiovascular parameters and uteroplacental Doppler flow patterns during pregnancy in women with CHD compared to matched healthy controls. The relation between cardiovascular parameters and uteroplacental Doppler flow patterns and the occurrence of cardiac, obstetric, and offspring events will be investigated. At 20 and 32 weeks of gestation, clinical, neurohumoral, and echocardiographic evaluation and fetal growth together with Doppler flow measurements in fetal and maternal circulation are performed. Maternal evaluation is repeated 1 year postpartum.Implications By identifying the factors responsible for pregnancy-related events in women with CHD, risk stratification can be refined, which may lead to better pre-pregnancy counseling and eventually improve treatment of these women. (Am Heart J 2011;161:269-275.e1.)

Contains fulltext : 70334.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) BACKGROUND: The method used to delineate the boundary of the right ventricle (RV), relative to the trabeculations and papillary muscles in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) ventricular volume analysis, may matter more when these structures are hypertrophied than in individuals with normal cardiovascular anatomy. This study aimed to compare two methods of cavity delineation in patients with systemic RV. METHODS: Twenty-nine patients (mean age 34.7 +/- 12.4 years) with a systemic RV (12 with congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries (ccTGA) and 17 with atrially switched (TGA) underwent CMR. We compared measurements of systemic RV volumes and function using two analysis protocols. The RV trabeculations and papillary muscles were either included in the calculated blood volume, the boundary drawn immediately within the apparently compacted myocardial layer, or they were manually outlined and excluded. RV stroke volume (SV) calculated using each method was compared with corresponding left ventricular (LV) SV. Additionally, we compared the differences in analysis time, and in intra- and inter-observer variability between the two methods. Paired samples t-test was used to test for differences in volumes, function and analysis time between the two methods. Differences in intra- and inter-observer reproducibility were tested using an extension of the Bland-Altman method. RESULTS: The inclusion of trabeculations and papillary muscles in the ventricular volume resulted in higher values for systemic RV end diastolic volume (mean difference 28.7 +/- 10.6 ml, p < 0.001) and for end systolic volume (mean difference 31.0 +/- 11.5 ml, p < 0.001). Values for ejection fraction were significantly lower (mean difference -7.4 +/- 3.9%, p < 0.001) if structures were included. LV SV did not differ significantly from RV SV for both analysis methods (p = NS). Including structures resulted in shorter analysis time (p < 0.001), and showed better inter-observer reproducibility for ejection fraction (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The choice of method for systemic RV cavity delineation significantly affected volume measurements, given the CMR acquisition and analysis systems used. We recommend delineation outside the trabeculations for routine clinical measurements of systemic RV volumes as this approach took less time and gave more reproducible measurements.

Using echocardiography and adopting novel techniques such as speckle tracking echocardiography and the strain-area loop, we aimed to investigate acute and chronic effects of load challenges on right ventricular structure, function and mechanics. In the first part, we focused on the physiological cardiovascular effects of acute and chronic exercise in healthy individuals and elite athletes. Thereby, we explored whether acute effects were related to chronic cardiovascular adaptations. In the second part, we focused on altered haemodynamics and exercise in patients with pulmonary hypertension.

Contains fulltext : 235386.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Radboud University, 27 augustus 2021 Promotores : Boer, M.J. de, Roos-Hesselink, J.W. Co-promotores : Dijk, A.P.J. van, Kimmenade, R.R.J. van 291 p.

Contains fulltext : 222074.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Radboud University, 07 oktober 2020 Promotores : Thijssen, D.H.J., Hopman, M.T.E. Co-promotores : Dijk, A.P.J. van, Oxborough, D.L.

Contains fulltext : 147485.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen, 09 december 2015 Promotores : Hopman, M.T.E., Thijssen, D.H.J. Co-promotor : Dijk, A.P.J. van

Contains fulltext : 127239.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen, 04 juni 2014 Promotor : Hopman, M.T.E. Co-promotores : Olde Rikkert, M.G.M., Dijk, A.P.J. van, Claassen, J.A.H.R.