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Supplement Material, sj-pdf-1-jag-10.1177_07334648211053308 for Ethics of Health Information Sharing and Social Relationships at End of Life in Assisted Living by Emma Cooke, Molly M. Perkins, Patrick Doyle, Kathy Kinlaw, Kevin Wack and Ann E. Vandenberg in Journal of Applied Gerontology

Summarization: In the aftermath of oil spills in the sea, clouds of droplets drift into the seawater column and are carried away by sea currents. The fate of the drifting droplets is determined by natural attenuation processes, mainly dissolution into the seawater and biodegradation by oil-degrading microbial communities. Specifically, microbes have developed three fundamental strategies for accessing and assimilating oily substrates. Depending on their affinity for the oily phase and ability to proliferate in multicellular structures, microbes might either attach to the oil surface and directly uptake compounds from the oily phase, or grow suspended in the aqueous phase consuming solubilized oil, or form three-dimensional biofilms over the oil–water interface. In this work, a compound particle model that accounts for all three microbial strategies is developed for the biodegradation of solitary oil microdroplets moving through a water column. Under a set of educated hypotheses, the hydrodynamics and solute transport problems are amenable to analytical solutions and a closed-form correlation is established for the overall dissolution rate as a function of the Thiele modulus, the Biot number and other key parameters. Moreover, two coupled ordinary differential equations are formulated for the evolution of the particle size and used to investigate the impact of the dissolution and biodegradation processes on the droplet shrinking rate. Παρουσιάστηκε στο: Bioengineering

Traditional attempts at measuring self-disclosure actually measure self-reported perceptions of disclosure – which is conflated with individual difference characteristics – or rely on trained coders – which is time-consuming. Across a pilot and two studies using a known-groups paradigm repeated measure analyzing transcripts from YouTube videos, we measured self-disclosure with an easily-accessible text-analysis software. Focusing on videos in which the speaker “comes out” as having a concealable stigmatized identity (being LGBT, having HIV, having a mental illness), we found support for the utility of this metric for operationalization of disclosure. This output was correlated with trained coders’ ratings and was effective for predicting audience behavior outcomes, including reciprocal disclosure. Finally, we discuss the utility of text-analysis software for theoretical and applied work.

Since the 10th Amendment to the United States Constitution, states have the function to set policy that varies drastically from state to state. This study examines the relationship of state fiscal effort and per pupil expenditure and graduation rates over a 10-year period. Furthermore, this study will look at the relationship between NAEP scores, compulsory attendance, graduation rates, course credit requirements, and hours of instruction. Research is necessary to show a relationship between the varying policies set forth by each state. This research will help policy makers, school leaders, and school localities to assess their own states’ policies and outcomes on the variables to determine what needs to change or strengthen to ensure all students are productive members of society after graduation.

The introduction of co-operative societies into the Irish countryside during the late-nineteenth century transformed rural society and created an enduring economic legacy. Civilising rural Ireland challenges predominant narratives of Irish history that explain the emergence of the nation-state through the lens of political conflict and violence. Instead the book takes as its focus the numerous leaders, organisers, and members of the Irish co-operative movement. Together these people captured the spirit of change as they created a modern Ireland through their reorganisation of the countryside, the spread of new economic ideas, and the promotion of mutually-owned businesses. Besides giving a comprehensive account of the co-operative movement's introduction to Irish society the book offers an analysis of the importance of these radical economic ideas upon political Irish nationalism.

Conference paper in the peer-reviewed Proceedings of the 12th Panhellenic Scientific Conference on Chemical Engineering (Athens, Greece, 29-31 May 2019)

Treball desenvolupat dins el marc del programa 'Circular Design: Learning for Innovative Design for Sustainability (L4IDS)'. [CATALÀ] Aquest projecte identifica e investiga maneres d'augmentar la reutilització de productes i electrodomèstics i s'ha realitzat conjuntament amb la iniciativa comunitària L4IDS. El grup el constituíem un català, un holandès, dos irlandesos i dos estudiants suecs. Un projecte amb ànima sostenible, centrat en la circularitat dels processos i productes actuals, amb l'objectiu de millorar l'impacte que aquests generen al nostre planeta. Per a això, es posa èmfasi en els residus generats pels aparells que arriben al final de la seva vida útil per una raó o una altra, i han de ser reciclats. Per això s'ha dut a terme minuciosament un estudi previ de tots els camins que el nostre producte pot seguir, com interactua l'usuari i com afecten a l'entorn. Com a resultat d'això, es proposen un parell de solucions en àrees separades que es complementen per aconseguir un resultat òptim final. La primera consisteix en el redisseny dels elements arquitectònics existents per a l'ús i la finalitat del reciclatge, amb l'objectiu de millorar el coneixement de la població en aquest sentit, i complementar-lo amb una plataforma tecnològica que permet accedir a l'interior d’aquests productes, amb la finalitat de poder decidir millor si el producte ha de ser reciclat o, al contrari, pot ser reutilitzat. En conclusió, tenim dos conceptes que pretenen reeducar la població perquè coneguin l'empremta deixada per les seves accions i com poden fer per millorar-la, donant una nova vida als seus electrodomèstics o estenent el seu propi cicle de vida. [ANGLÈS] This project identifies and investigate ways to increase the reuse of white goods and appliances and has been done together with the EU initiative L4IDS. The group consisted of one Catalan, one Dutch, two Irish, two Swedish students. A project with a sustainable soul, focused on the circularity of today's processes and products, in order to improve the impact that these generate to our planet. To do this, the focus is placed on the waste generated by the appliances that reach the end of their useful life for one reason or another and have to be recycled, for this has meticulously carried out a previous study of all the paths that our product can follow , how the user interacts and how it affects the environment. As a result, a couple of solutions are proposed in separate areas that complement each other to reach an optimal final result. The first consists of a redesign of the existing architectural elements for the use and purpose of recycling with the aim of improving the knowledge of the population in this regard, and to complement it a technological platform that allows you to access the interior of these products in order to be able to better decide whether the product should be recycled or, on the contrary, can be reused. In conclusion, we have two concepts that aim to re-educate the population so that they are aware of the footprint left by their actions and how they can do to improve it, giving a new life to their appliances or by extending their life cycle themselves. Outgoing

This dissertation is a study of the dielectric and conductive properties of wet granular systems. Measurements were carried out using impedance spectroscopy at sub-GHz frequencies, using 2- and 4-electrode arrangements. Systems studied are in general mixtures of dielectric and metal grains, which are either fully immersed in water or have small amounts of water adsorbed on the grain surfaces. Those that are immersed in water are low-salt systems. Large-diameter stainless-steel spheres were coated using atomic layer deposition techniques to create systems of a small number of metal grains with highly controlled relaxation times. We show quantitatively that ionic charging of these systems is inherently a non-Debye-like process, despite each sphere���s dipole-like polarization. Additionally, we show that clusters of spheres with different relaxation times do not necessarily produce a simple superposition of responses. In controlled arrangements of spheres with two different relaxation times, we show that the more strongly charging sphere can completely mask the response of the other sphere. Smaller micron-sized grains are used to study the clustering behavior of metal-insulator systems in water. Using the dielectric features of water-immersed grains, we verify experimentally the crossover in cluster structure predicted to occur at the percolation threshold. We also show a previously unrecognized power-law relationship between the effective dielectric response and the conductivity in systems undergoing changes in metal volume fraction and adsorbed water content. Finally, we present a new dielectric method of quantifying surface wettability in granular systems. Proof of concept results are provided from measurements of a series of surface-modified glass bead powders. The modified wettability properties are reflected in the balance between the adsorbed water���s contributions to the effective dielectric response and the conductivity.

Natural seeps and accidental releases of crude oil in the sea result in swarms of droplets that are carried away by underwater sea currents. The droplets may be created either at the sea surface during the breakup of an oil slick by sea waves, or at the seafloor during the extrusion of crude oil from natural cracks or broken wellheads. A high concentration of oil droplets in seawater disturbs the established ecosystem dynamics and poses a significant risk of toxic effects to fish and other marine animals. The fate of underwater droplet swarms is determined by natural attenuation processes, mainly dissolution into the seawater and biodegradation by oil-eating microbes. Using microfabrication techniques (photolithography and 3D printing), we have developed a new millifluidic device that enables the generation of oil droplet populations with desired size and, subsequently, the entrapment, long-term incubation and microscopic imaging of the droplets while they undergo microbial degradation. Here, we will present experimental results on the biodegradation of hexadecane droplets by Marinobacter sp. microbes in synthetic saltwater. Acknowledgement: EU Horizon 2020 MSCA Grant 741799 - "OILY MICROCOSM"

Civilising Rural Ireland examines how modern Ireland emerged out of the social and economic transformation prompted by the rural co-operative movement. The movement emerged in response to systemic economic problems that arose throughout the nineteenth century and coincided with a wide-ranging project of cultural nationalism. Within a short space of time the co-operative movement established a swathe of creameries, agricultural societies and credit societies, leading to a radical reorganisation of rural Ireland and helping to create a distinctive Irish political economy. The work of overlooked co-operative experts is critically examined for the first time and reinserted into the process of state development. The interventions of these organisers, intellectuals and farmers built up key institutions that shaped everyday life across rural communities. The movement weathered war and revolution, to become an indispensable part of an Irish state infrastructure after independence in 1922. The strained relationship and economic rivalry that developed between Irish and British co-operators is also explored in order to illuminate the changing relationship between Ireland and the United Kingdom from an economic perspective. Civilising Rural Ireland will appeal to a wide audience interested in modern Irish history and readers are introduced to an eclectic range of personalities who shared an interest in co-operation and whose actions possessed important consequences for the way Ireland developed. The creative use of local and national sources, many of which are examined for the first time, mean the book offers a new perspective on an important period in the making of modern Ireland.

Aims: The aims of this thesis were focused on the social climate of inpatient forensic mental health settings. Firstly, the study reviewed the literature of qualitative studies of staff and patient experiences of social climate. Secondly, the utility of a case study methodology to examine innovations to practice in forensic mental health settings are discussed. Thirdly, a longitudinal case study aimed to examine the impact of a Mentalization based treatment (MBT) training and case consultation intervention on the functioning of a low secure ward. Method: A systematic review and qualitative synthesis of social climate in forensic mental health settings was completed using the ‘best-fit’ framework approach. Secondly, a critical analysis of case study methodology was presented based on key decision points. A longitudinal ward case study with staff (n=37) and patient (n=7) participants examined the impact of staff MBT training and MBT based case consultation sessions. MBT based case consultation sessions ran on the ward over an eight month period. Data was collected through a range of methods including questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, ward observations and routinely reported data. The case study data was tested through a pattern matching approach with reference to rival explanations. Results: The systematic review identified 20 papers that met the inclusion criteria. The framework synthesis identified 22 themes related to social climate, which were organised in a conceptual model. Ten themes were seen to represent the experience of social climate. Consideration of the applicability of the case study method to forensic settings found the method to be feasible and acceptable to staff though a limitation is that outcomes are tentative and open to rival explanations. Positive impacts of the training and case consultation intervention included an increase in enthusiasm for working with patients with a personality disorder diagnosis and evidence of some increased team cohesion. The main rival explanation identified was the impact of changes to the composition of the staff and patient group. Conclusions: The systematic review findings highlight that current quantitative measures of social climate may not fully represent the construct. The conceptual model developed allows for generation of potential interventions to improve social climate. In the case study, staff reported positive perspectives of both MBT training and the case consultation sessions. The intervention did not appear to impact on patient motivation, though patients reported positive changes in staff behaviour. The case study method was seen as applicable to forensic mental health settings and provided interpretable data useful for analytical generalisations, and clinically in considering innovations to practice.

Background: Important knowledge gaps exist in our understanding of migration medicine practice and the impact of pathogens imported by Canadian travellers. We present here a comprehensive, Canada-specific surveillance summary of illness in a cohort of returned Canadian travellers and new immigrants. Methods: We extracted and analyzed (using standard parametric and nonparametric techniques) data from the Canadian Travel Medicine Network (CanTravNet) database for ill returned Canadian travellers and new immigrants who presented to a Canadian GeoSentinel Surveillance Network site between September 2009 and September 2011. Results: During the study period, 4365 travellers and immigrants presented to a CanTravNet site, 3943 (90.3%) of whom were assigned a travel-related diagnosis. Among the 3115 non-immigrant travellers with a definitive travel-related diagnosis, arthropod bite (n = 127 [4.1%]), giardiasis (n = 91 [2.9%]), malaria (n = 77 [2.5%]), latent tuberculosis (n = 73 [2.3%]), and strongyloidiasis (n = 66 [2.1%]) were the most common specific etiologic diagnoses. Among the 828 immigrants with definitive travel-related diagnoses, the most frequent etiologies were latent tuberculosis (n = 229 [27.7%]), chronic hepatitis B (n = 182 [22.0%]), active tuberculosis (n = 97 [11.7%]), chronic hepatitis C (n = 89 [10.7%]), and strongyloidiasis (n = 41 [5.0%]). Potentially serious infections, such as dengue fever (61 cases) and enteric fever due to Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi or Paratyphi (36 cases), were common. Individuals travelling for the purpose of visiting friends and relatives (n = 500 [11.6% of those with known reason for travel]) were over-represented among those diagnosed with malaria and enteric fever, compared with other illnesses (for malaria 34/94 [36.2%] v. 466/4221 [11.0%]; for enteric fever, 17/36 [47.2%] v. 483/4279 [11.3%]) (both p < 0.001). For cases of malaria, there was also overrepresentation (compared with other illnesses) from business travellers (22/94 [23.4%] v. 337/4221 [8.0%]) and males (62/94 [66.0%] v. 1964/4269 [46.0%]) (both p < 0.001). Malaria was more likely than other illnesses to be acquired in sub-Saharan Africa (p < 0.001), whereas dengue was more likely than other illnesses to be imported from the Caribbean and South East Asia (both p = 0.003) and enteric fever from South Central Asia (24/36 [66.7%]) (p < 0.001). Interpretation: This analysis of surveillance data on ill returned Canadian travellers has detailed the spectrum of imported illness within this cohort. It provides an epidemiologic framework for Canadian practitioners encountering ill returned travellers. We have confirmed that travel to visit friends and relatives confers particularly high risks, which underscores the need to improve pretravel intervention for a population that is unlikely to seek specific pretravel advice. Potentially serious and fatal illnesses such as malaria and enteric fever were common, as were illnesses of public health importance, such as tuberculosis and hepatitis B.

The NASA Optical Communications and Sensors Demonstration program was initiated in 2012 to demonstrate optical communications from orbit at a 5 Mbps rate and demonstrate proximity operations using CubeSats. The original two spacecraft effort became a three spacecraft effort in 2015 with the first “Pathfinder” spacecraft (AeroCube OCSD-A) launched in October, 2015, to be followed by a fully-operational pair of Demonstration CubeSats (AeroCubes OCSD-B and –C) in October, 2016. The Pathfinder was flown without a propulsion system and was meant to test attitude control accuracy and a 6W, two-stage, downlink laser. Initial on-orbit checkout proceeded as planned until a software upload to the attitude control system (ACS) corrupted the boot sequence and rendered the processor inoperable. On-orbit software updates had been routine for AeroCubes for many years. This particular upload was different, and resulted in an ACS software failure. Unfortunately, the laser communications subsystem was controlled by the ACS processor and could not be turned on even to check power levels. OCSD-A is still a functional satellite, but without pointing capability. There are many new subsystems on this pathfinder that are being evaluated. This paper will provide an update on those new subsystems, specifically the OCSD-A star tracker, high-resolution camera, and the software-defined radio. It will also discuss the software error that occurred on OCSD-A, the modifications applied to the OCSD-B and –C to correct this problem, and design and testing of the steam thrusters currently planned for OCSD-B and –C.

Biofilms are communities of surface-adherent bacteria surrounded by secreted polymers known as the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). Biofilms are harmful in many industries, and thus it is of great interest to understand their mechanical properties and structure to determine ways to destabilize them. By performing single particle tracking with beads of varying surface functionalization it was found that charge interactions play a key role in mediating mobility within biofilms. With a combination of single particle tracking and microrheological concepts, it was found that Escherichia coli biofilms display height dependent charge density that evolves over time. Statistical analyses of bead trajectories and confocal microscopy showed inter-connecting micron scale channels that penetrate throughout the biofilm, which may be important for nutrient transfer through the system. This methodology provides significant insight into a particular biofilm system and can be applied to many others to provide comparisons of biofilm structure. The elucidation of structure provides evidence for the permeability of biofilms to microscale objects, and the ability of a biofilm to mature and change properties over time.

Torsion unconstrained double-stranded DNA can undergo three structural transitions under large tension. At forces around 65 pN, a well known DNA overstretching transition occurs during which the DNA elongates by about 1.7-fold. Recent experiments have revealed two distinct structural transitions during DNA overstretching: a “strand-unpeeling” of one strand from the other, and a “B-to-S” transition to a mysterious double-stranded “S-DNA”. In addition to DNA overstretching transition, DNA without nicks or free ends can also undergo an internal melting transition to two parallel DNA strands under tension at > 100 pN in physiological solution conditions or under lower tension at sufficiently low salt concentration or high temperature. Here, we report thermodynamics measurements for the entropy and enthalpy changes during these transitions. In addition, the force-responses of these DNA structures are directly determined in Single-molecule experiments. With these experimentally determined thermodynamic and mechanical quantities, the selections of the transitions are summarized in phase diagrams.

A small, hermetic, wirelessly-controlled retinal prosthesis was developed for pre-clinical studies in Yucatan mini-pigs. The device was implanted on the outside of the eye in the orbit, and it received both power and data wirelessly from external sources. The prosthesis drove a sub-retinal thin-film array of sputtered iridium oxide stimulating electrodes. The implanted device included a hermetic titanium case containing the 16-channel stimulator chip and discrete circuit components. Feedthroughs in the hermetic case connected the chip to secondary power- and data-receiving coils, which coupled to corresponding external power and data coils driven by a power amplifier. Power was delivered by a 500 KHz carrier, and data were delivered by frequency shift keying. Stimulation pulse strength, duration and frequency were programmed wirelessly from an external computer system. Through an 'outbound' telemetry channel, electrode impedances were monitored by an on-board analog to digital converter that sampled the output voltage waveforms. The final assembly was tested in vitro in physiological saline and in vivo in two mini-pigs for up to three months by measuring stimulus artifacts generated by the implant's current drivers.

15-Acetyl-deoxynivalenol (15-AcDON) is a low molecular weight (M.W. = 338 Da) sesquiterpenoid trichothecene mycotoxin associated with Fusarium Head Blight (FHB), a global disease of small grain cereals. Estimated economic losses from the most recent Canadian and US FHB epidemic during the mid 1990s range from $1.3 to $3.0 billion USD, depending on valuations assigned to reduced crop yield and mycotoxin contamination of food and feed. The accumulation of DON and related trichothecene mycotoxins within harvested grain is subject to stringent regulation as both toxins pose dietary health risks to humans and animals. A property of 15-AcDON, and structurally-similar trichothecene mycotoxins that are intimately involved in FHB pathogenesis, is the propensity to inhibit peptidyl transferase activity and thus inhibit protein synthesis within infected host-plant cells. This effect, coupled with secondary phytotoxic effects, act as mechanisms of virulence for pathogenic Fusarium species. A single-domain variable heavy chain (VHH) recombinant antibody (rAb) fragment specific to 15-AcDON was isolated from a hyper-immunized phagemid library. The dominant clone (NAT-267) was expressed and purified as a VHH monomer with a competitive binding affinity of 1.24 ?M. The gene encoding the NAT-267 camelid single-domain antibody fragment (VHH) was expressed within the methylotropic yeast ii Pichia pastoris. Mycotoxin-mediated cytotoxicity was assessed by continuous measurement of cellular growth over time. At equivalent doses, 15-AcDON was significantly more toxic to wild-type P. pastoris than was DON, which, in turn, was more toxic than 3-AcDON. Intracellular expression of this toxin-specific VHH „intrabody? within P. pastoris conveyed significant (p = 0.01) resistance to 15-AcDON cytotoxicity at doses ranging from 20 to 100 ?g·mL-1, making this the first report of VHH-based sequestration of a haptenic mycotoxin. Furthermore, a biochemical transformation of DON to 15-AcDON was documented, which explained significant attenuation of the efficacy of DON at 100 and 200 ?g·mL-1. This “proof of concept” model suggests that in planta VHH expression may lead to enhanced tolerance to mycotoxins and thereby serve as a novel tool to help limit Fusarium infection of commercial agricultural crops such as wheat and barley that are engineered to express this mycotoxin-specific VHH. Syngenta Crop Protection Canada Inc.

International audience; We report measurements of turbulent drag reduction of two different polyelectrolyte solutions: DNA and hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide. Changing the salt concentration in the solutions allows us to change the flexibility of the polymer chains. For both polymers the amount of drag reduction was found to increase with the flexibility. Rheological studies reveal that the elongational viscosity of the solutions increases simultaneously. Hence we conclude that the elongational viscosity is the pertinent macroscopic quantity to describe the ability of a polymer to cause turbulent drag reduction.

We demonstrate that Schoenhage storage modification machines are equivalent, in a strong sense, to unary abstract state machines. We also show that if one extends the Schoenhage model with a pairing function and removes the unary restriction, then equivalence between the two machine models survives.

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The distribution of Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Mo and Se in earth surface materials on the Southern Canadian Interior Plain was examined with the aim of recommending appropriate methods of producing regional geochemical maps. Investigations were undertaken in three separate areas, one in each of the prairie provinces, selected to represent a range of environmental conditions. In the Swan River - Dauphin area emphasis was placed on investigating the regional distribution of Mo in both soil and stream sediment. These patterns were related to data on the Mo status of plants and to information on Mo-induced Cu deficiency in cattle. In the Rosetown area of Saskatchewan, and the Red Deer area of Alberta, attention v/as focussed on examining variations in the Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn and Se content of soils; in the Rosetown area concentrations of these elements in whole wheat plants were also determined. Procedures for regional geochemical mapping using stream sediment are well established. On the Southern Canadian Interior Plain, however, stream density is generally inadequate for routine application of these techniques. Although tributary drainages are relatively common in parts of southern Manitoba, results of investigations in the Swan River - Dauphin area indicate that Mo concentrations in stream sediment typically reflect Mo levels in upstream soil, but not those of associated plants. In contrast to findings reported by V7ebb and his associates in the United Kingdom, Manitoba stream sediment data are of little value in identifying areas where potentially toxic Mo concentrations are likely to occur in forage. Reconnaissance surveys based on soil sampling, on the other hand, can be applied throughout the Canadian prairies. Results of studies around Rosetown and Red Deer indicate that regional compositional trends for soil may be efficiently described in terms of variations among means estimated for individual soil parent materials. In the Rosetown area, for example, over 70% of the total variance for Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn in A horizons is attributable to differences among parent material means. This parent material effect appears, in turn, to be mainly a function of textural variations, with lowest concentrations associated with sand-rich and highest with clay-rich deposits. The importance of differences among means for soil associated with individual surficial deposits is also emphasized, in the Rosetown area, by relatively strong positive relationships (r>0.73) between parent material based Mn, Fe and Cu means for wheat and soil. When data are considered on an individual sample basis relationships between plant and soil concentrations are generally much weaker (r< 0.40). It is suggested, therefore, that on the Southern Canadian Interior Plain, regional geochemical maps can be efficiently produced using parent material based soil compositional data. The procedure recommended involves collection of A horizon samples at randomly chosen sites over each of the major parent materials recognized, and estimation of geometric mean and deviation values for each deposit. Duncan's New Multiple Range test is used to identify significant differences among means, and results are summarized in map form, showing only composition-ally distinctive parent materials or parent material groups. In view of close relationships noted between parent material based means for soils and plants, maps produced in this fashion should be useful in identifying areas where trace element excesses or deficiencies are limiting crop or livestock productivity.

Font definitions of 1377 characters of various styles developed by Allen V. Hershey were used as an initial data base. His character definitions were first put out into a form suitable for use by vector graphics display processors, and then these vectors were converted into dot matrix form in a variety of point sizes. This conversion and digitization was done using the C programming language; the host computer was a PDP-11/50 with the UNIX operating system, and the computerized typesetting was done on a VERSATEC 1200-Q printer/plotter. As a result, a large data base for use in computerized typesetting has been developed. In addition, the computerized typesetting system at the Naval Postgraduate School has been improved and adapted to make use of the large number of fonts now available. http://archive.org/details/andaptationofher1094518003 Lieutenant, United States Navy Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.

A collection of folklore and local history stories from Killorglin (B.) (school) (Killorglin, Co. Kerry), collected as part of the Schools' Folklore Scheme, 1937-1938 under the supervision of teacher Mícheál Ó Donnchadha., Tomhaiseanna / Conchubhair, Liam Ó -- Seanfhocail -- Seanfhocail / Donnchadha, Mícheál Ó -- Teagasc Críostaí / Donnchadha, Mícheál Ó -- Amadán / Concubhair, Liam Ó -- Long ago there was a woman who was going to bed late when twelve old hags came to the door, and told her to go for water... / Clubháin, Seán Ó -- There was a woman long ago who was knitting a pullover for her husband when the hags came in... / Clubháin, Seán Ó -- Bhí feirmeóir ann fadó agus bhí gá líos sa bhfeírim, Aon maidin d'irigh sé ar a seacht a clóg... / Piogáis, Aindrías Ó -- Cill Orglan / Pigott, Andy -- Long ago two men were going to Tralee. They saw a man at the graveyard gate and he walked by the side of the car... / Doyle, Patrick -- Long ago two men went out on a field to break a big stone when they began to break it a witch appeared to them and said, "do not take that stone from that field."... -- There was a woman and a girl there long ago one day while she was working around the house the girl went down to a stream of water... / Conchubhair, Cormac Ó -- Folklore / Shea, Timmy -- St Gobnet was born in Bally ferriter. One night, she had a vision of a white deer and she made up her mind... / Shea, Timmy -- It is black it is white and read all over... -- Long ago there was a man coming home from Tralee and he was drunk... / Clifford, Jack -- There is a church over in Johnston's in Dungeel, and it is said that Ambrose Pearse is buried there, and that his grave is yet to be seen... / Clifford, Jack -- Long ago an old man was coming home from Killarney when he was near Beaufort, he saw a man on the road... / Clifford, Jack -- There was a woman and her baby ther long ago. The woman was sitting near the fire and she had the baby in her lap... / Clifford, Jack -- There was a man there long ago, and he commited a most awful crime, So he was to be hanged... / Clifford, Jack -- Cloch í seo thuas atá le feiscint... / Cathalain, Pádraig Ó -- Long ago a man was going home from town and his brother was with him... / Clifford, Jack -- A man was going out hunting with his dog, and they went into a wood... / Clifford, Jack -- Long ago a man was going home from town, and it was about four o'clock in the morning. / Clifford, Jack -- Folklore / Murtagh, Willie -- Folklore / Murtagh, Willie -- Folklore / Murtagh, Willie -- Folklore / Súillíobhain, Seósamh Ó -- Folklore / Súillíobhain, Seósamh Ó -- Folklore / Shéaghdha, Tadhg Ní -- A snail climbed a ten foot pole. If he climbed three feet every day... / Séaghdha, Tadhg Ó -- Bhí fear ann agus bhí líos sa phairch, agus bhí chóirce ag fás ann. / Piogoidh, Aindrías Ó -- There was a man there once and there was a fort in the field and there was oats growing on it. / Pigott, Andrew -- There was a farmer there once and he had a fort in his field he did not like it to be there, he filled it with earth. / Pigott, Andrew -- On the road to our bog there is a big tall stone on the road and there is a sheep printed on it. / Pigott, Andrew -- Folklore / Sullivan, Joe O' -- Long ago a man was going home and he was drunk. When he reached home he went to bed, and in the middle if the night he woke up and he went out to the garden. / Clifford, Jack -- Bhí féirmeoir ann fadó agus bhí féirm mhór bhréag aige... / Piógoidh, Aindrías Ó -- Tom Eager when he was working in the road to our bog a pool of blood hardend into a ball of earth and he gave it to the stured. / Pigott, Andy -- There was a man and he had a dream that fairies were talking to him and they said to him to go to the fort behind his house and to dig five inches under the ground near the big stone that is in the fort. / Conchubhair, Cormac Ó -- Folklore / Shea, Timmy -- Monument in Killorglin / Doyle, Patrick -- Folklore / Shea, Timmy -- Bhí fear ann fadó, agus bhí sé obair i dTráigh Lí. Aon oidhche amháin bhí sé ag dul abhaile ar a leath uair tar éis a haon. / Súillíobháin, Seósamh Ó -- Bhí beirt buachaillí ann fadó agus cuaidh siadh isteach sa líos agus bhí blúaire cailce in a laímh... / Piogoidh, Aindrías Ó -- There was a donkey and he was very old and his Master was going to kill him so he ran away and he met a dog. / Connor, Cormac O -- Long ago a man was hunting with five of his sons, and they got very thirsty. The father went home, and the five sons went to a well. / Clifford, Jack -- There was a man who had a crock of gold and he used to rise very early, because he was afraid before the the crock of gold would be stolen... / Clifford, Jack, Supported by funding from the Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht (Ireland), University College Dublin, and the National Folklore Foundation (Fondúireacht Bhéaloideas Éireann), 2014-2016.

A collection of folklore and local history stories from Cnoc an Teampaill (school) (Knockatemple, Co. Cavan), collected as part of the Schools' Folklore Scheme, 1937-1938 under the supervision of teacher E. Ní Chruacháin., Croaghan Giant / Lynch, Michael -- Crock of Gold / Gilsenan, Hugh P. -- St Patrick's Well / Tuite, Matthew -- Golden Goblet -- Penal Times -- Castle Island / Doyle, Patrick -- Blackney's Ghost / Gilsenan, Patrick -- Croaghan Cats / Lynch, Michael -- Brass Cauldron -- Saint Ciaran's Well -- Croaghan Mass Rock -- Markey Brothers -- Death Coach -- Gander Bush -- Gargan Family -- Cures -- Last of the O'Reilly's -- Strange Pass -- Proverbs -- Fairy Tale / Cabe, Peter Mc -- Still House -- Riddles -- Mass Rocks and Churches -- Other Place Names -- Munterconnaught Catholic Church / Connell, Thomas O' -- List of Munterconnaught and Castlerahan Parish Priests and Administrators -- Proverbs -- Names of Fields and Other Place Names -- Weather-Lore -- Bhean Sí -- Graveyards of this Parish -- Churning -- Food in Olden Times -- Graveyard beside Our School -- Forges -- Local Marriage Customs -- Storms -- Famine Times -- Light on Lough Ramor -- Story of the Napper Family -- Marriage Customs -- Hedge-Schools -- Festival Customs -- Thomas 'Ennis' Jennet -- Story of a Leipreachán which Was Seen Recently -- Pete Fada -- Gold in the Rock -- Landlords -- Story -- Geancánach Arís -- Ghost Story -- Hugh Gray's Hunting Horse - Motor Car / Masterson, John -- Fairy Story -- Pat McCann, His Wife Biddy and the Leipreachán / Curran, Pat, Supported by funding from the Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht (Ireland), University College Dublin, and the National Folklore Foundation (Fondúireacht Bhéaloideas Éireann), 2014-2016.

A collection of folklore and local history stories from Cill Ríchill (school) (Kilreekill, Co. Galway), collected as part of the Schools' Folklore Scheme, 1937-1938 under the supervision of teacher Mícheál S. Ó Gaoithín., Stories of Treasure - Máire Bob -- Stories of Treasure - The Weasel of Marble Hill -- Stories of Treasure - The End of the Tabe -- Feats of Strength / Monahan, Thomas -- Cahernagarry Hedge-School / Monahan, James -- Weather-Lore -- Riddles -- Great Storm / Rogers, Thomas -- Industries / Halloran, Miss Mary -- Marriages / Halloran, Michael -- Penal Days / Doyle, Patrick -- Place Names -- Landlords / Halloran, Miss Mary -- Cures -- Potato Crop / Cormican, Michael -- Local Monuments / Killalea, Thomas -- Local Monuments / Monahan, James -- Buying and Selling / Gannon, Patrick -- Old Houses / Regan, Frances -- Forts / Doyle, Patrick -- Prayers / Cormican, Mrs Mary -- Saint Ríchill / Cormican, Mrs Mary -- Prayers / Duane, Mrs -- Old Castles / Pender, Patrick -- Stories of the Mass / Hara, Mrs Annie -- Local Tradition about Sarsfield / Cormican, Michael -- Emblems / Cormican, Michael -- Leipreachán / Pender, Patrick -- Festival Customs / Monahan, James, Supported by funding from the Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht (Ireland), University College Dublin, and the National Folklore Foundation (Fondúireacht Bhéaloideas Éireann), 2014-2016.

A collection of folklore and local history stories from Gusserane (school) (Gusserane, Co. Wexford), collected as part of the Schools' Folklore Scheme, 1937-1938 under the supervision of teacher Peadar Mac Fheorais., Hidden Treasure / Conway, Michael -- Evictions of Coolroe / Egan, Vincent -- Local Heroes / Foley, Thomas -- Old Roads / Foley, Thomas -- Local Cures / Curtis, Thomas -- Old Graveyards / Egan, Vincent -- Churning / Redmond, Patrick -- Old Graveyards / Foley, Thomas -- Martin's Well / Egan, Vincent -- Holy Well / Caulfield, John -- Holy Well / Carty, John -- William Stafford / Egan, Vincent -- Local Heroes / Egan, Vincent -- Hidden Treasure / Curtis, Thomas -- Hidden Treasure / Egan, Vincent -- Hidden Treasure / Doyle, Patrick -- Hidden Treasure / Fitzgerald, William -- Hidden Treasure / Breen, Andrew -- Hidden Treasure / Conway, Michael -- Met the Devil / Curtis, Thomas -- Giant Who Rose from the Dead Four Times / Conway, Michael -- Local Cures -- Local Cures / Carty, Martin -- Ninety Eight / Conway, Michael -- Battle in Ballyshannon Lane / Egan, Vincent -- Happenings of '98 / Foley, Thomas -- Tradition of 98 / Carty, Martin -- Denny Byrne the Piper / Curtis, Thomas -- Gusserane Boys Hurrah / Foley, Thomas -- Barley Song / Foley, Thomas -- Poor Little Jemmy -- Bright Was the Moon -- Men of Wexford / Corish, Joseph -- Oh Blame Not the Men / Corish, Joseph -- Story of Michael Dalton -- Famine Times / Foley, Thomas -- Famine Times -- Famine Times / Corish, Joseph -- Famine Times / Carty, Martin -- Old Crafts / Egan, Vincent -- Old Crafts / Carty, Martin -- Old Crafts / Foley, Thomas -- Landlords / Egan, Vincent -- Landlords / Foley, Thomas -- Landlords -- Food in Olden Times / Foley, Thomas -- Food in Olden Times / Egan, Vincent -- Food / Conway, Michael -- Local Ruins / Foley, Thomas -- Local Ruins / Curtis, Thomas -- Local Ruins / Conway, Michael -- Local Ruins / Doyle, Patrick -- Old Churches / Egan, Vincent -- Old Ruins / Corish, Joseph -- Bird-Lore / Foley, Thomas -- Festival Customs / Conway, Michael -- Old Houses / Foley, Thomas -- Care of the Feet / Corish, Joseph -- Buying and Selling / Corish, Peter -- Care of Farm Animals / Egan, Vincent -- Lore of Certain Days / Carty, Martin -- Local Marriages / Foley, Thomas -- Leprechaun / Carty, Martin -- Fairy Forts / Conway, Michael -- Local Patron Saint / Corish, Joseph -- Lament of Fr Joe / Doyle, Patrick -- Hurling and Football in Olden Times / Foley, Thomas -- Clothes Made Locally / Egan, Vincent, Supported by funding from the Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht (Ireland), University College Dublin, and the National Folklore Foundation (Fondúireacht Bhéaloideas Éireann), 2014-2016.

A collection of folklore and local history stories from Inistioge (B.) (school) (Inistioge, Co. Kilkenny), collected as part of the Schools' Folklore Scheme, 1937-1938 under the supervision of teacher Máirtín Breathnach., Proverbs / Lee, Edward -- Proverbs / Cotterell, John -- Proverbs -- Proverbs / Keefe, James O' -- Proverbs / Keefe, Patrick O' -- Proverbs -- Proverbs -- Proverbs -- Proverbs -- Proverbs / Doyle, Patrick -- Proverbs / Gaule, Thomas -- Hidden Treasure / Lee, Edward -- Hidden Treasure / Cotterell, John -- Hidden Treasure -- Hidden Treasure -- Hidden Treasure / Cody, Edward -- Hidden Treasure -- Hidden Treasure / Cotterell, John -- Hidden Treasure / Cotterell, John -- Riddles / Lee, Edward -- Riddles / Cotterell, John -- Riddles -- Riddles / Gaule, Thomas -- Riddles / Keeffe, Patrick O' -- Riddles / Keeffe, Patrick O' -- Riddles / Bergin, Edward -- Riddles / Doyle, Patrick -- Funny Stories / Lee, Edward -- Funny Stories / Lee, Edward -- Funny Stories / Cotterell, John -- Funny Stories / Cotterell, John -- Funny Stories / Cotterell, John -- Funny Stories / Cotterell, John -- Funny Stories / Keeffe, James O' -- Funny Stories -- Funny Stories / Long, Daniel -- Funny Stories / Doyle, Patrick -- Weather-Lore / Lee, Edward -- Weather-Lore / Cotterell, John -- Weather-Lore / Doyle, Patrick -- Weather-Lore / Gaule, Thomas -- Weather-Lore / Bergin, Edward -- Local Heroes / Cotterell, John -- Local Heroes / Lee, Edward -- Local Heroes / Cody, Edward -- Local Heroes / Walsh, Philip -- Local Heroes / Gaule, Thomas -- Local Happenings - Drownings / Lee, Edward -- Local Happenings - Drownings -- Local Happenings - Drownings -- Local Happenings - Drownings -- Local Happenings - Drownings / Lee, Edward -- Local Burnings / Lee, Edward -- Local Burnings / Cotterell, John -- Local Happenings - Great Epidemics / Walsh, Philip -- Local Burnings / Cotterell, John -- Severe Weather / Cotterell, John -- Severe Weather / Keeffe, James O' -- Great Floods / Cody, Edward -- Severe Weather / Cotterell, John -- Hedge-Schools / Cotterell, John -- Hedge-Schools / Doyle, Patrick -- Old Crafts / Lee, Edward -- Old Crafts / Cotterell, John -- Basket-Making / Gaule, Thomas -- Local Marriage Customs / Lee, Edward -- Local Marriage Customs / Cotterell, John -- In Penal Times - Mass Rocks / Cotterell, John -- Local Place Names / Cotterell, John -- Local Happenings / Cotterell, John -- Natural Characteristics / Lee, Edward -- Natural Characteristics / Cody, Edward -- Natural Characteristics / Gaule, Thomas -- Natural Characteristics / Keeffe, James O' -- Bird-Lore / Lee, Edward -- Bird-Lore / Cotterell, John -- Bird-Lore / Cody, Edward -- Local Cures / Lee, Edward -- Local Cures / Cotterell, John -- Local Cures / Cotterell, John -- Local Cures / Gaule, Thomas -- Local Cures / Doyle, Patrick -- Homemade Toys / Lee, Edward -- Homemade Toys / Lee, Edward -- Homemade Toys / Cody, Edward -- Homemade Toys / Cody, Edward -- Homemade Toys / Keeffe, James O' -- Whistle / Lee, Edward -- Lore of Certain Days / Cotterell, John -- Travelling Folk / Gaule, Thomas -- Fairy Forts / Cotterell, John -- Raths / Cotterell, John -- Local Poets / Cotterell, John -- Famine Times / Cotterell, John -- Games I Play - Marbles / Cody, Edward -- Games I Play - Marbles / Doyle, Patrick -- Old Roads / Lee, Edward -- Old Roads / Cotterell, John -- Old Roads - The Rock Road -- Local Roads / Gaule, Thomas -- Local Roads / Bergin, Edward -- My Home District / Lee, Edward -- My Home District / Cotterell, John -- My Home District / Walsh, Philip -- My Home District / Cotterell, John -- My Home District / Doyle, Patrick -- My Home District / Keeffe, Patrick O' -- Holy Wells / Lee, E. -- Holy Wells / Cotterell, John -- Holy Wells / Doyle, Patrick -- Holy Wells / Long, Daniel -- Herbs / Lee, Edward -- Herbs / Cotterell, John -- Herbs / Doyle, Patrick -- Potato Crop / Lee, Edward -- Potato Crop / Cotterell, John -- Potato Crop / Doyle, Patrick -- Potato Crop -- Festival Customs / Cotterell, John -- Festival Customs / Doyle, Patrick -- Care of Our Farm Animals / Lee, Edward -- Care of Our Farm Animals / Cotterell, John -- Care of Our Farm Animals / Doyle, Patrick -- Churning / Gaule, Thomas -- Care of Feet / Cotterell, John -- Clothes Made Locally / Cody, Edward -- Clothes Made Locally / Walshe, Philip -- Stories of the Holy Family / Cotterell, John -- Local Patron Saint / Doyle, Patrick -- Local Fairs / Walshe, Phillip -- Local Landlord / Grace, James -- Local Landlord / Cotterell, John -- Local Landlord / Walsh, Philip -- Food in Olden Times / Cotterell, John -- Hurling and Football Matches / Grace, James -- Old Story / Bergin, Edward -- Old Story / Grace, James -- Old Irish Tales / Grace, James -- Song / Doyle, Patrick -- Old Monument / Cody, Edward -- Bread / Doyle, Patrick -- Bread / Grace, James -- Buying and Selling / Doyle, Patrick -- Buying and Selling / Grace, James -- Old Houses / Doyle, Patrick -- Old Houses / Grace, James -- Stories of Giants and Warriors / Grace, James -- Giant / Doyle, Patrick -- Leprechaun / Cody, Edward -- Story of Mermaid / Cody, Edward -- Local Ruins / Grace, James, Supported by funding from the Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht (Ireland), University College Dublin, and the National Folklore Foundation (Fondúireacht Bhéaloideas Éireann), 2014-2016.

A collection of folklore and local history stories from Tolerton, Ballylickmoyler (school) (Towlerton, Co. Laois), collected as part of the Schools' Folklore Scheme, 1937-1938 under the supervision of teacher L. Ó Broin., Hidden Treasures / King, Kathleen -- Story / King, Kathleen -- Riddles / King, Kathleen -- Weather-Lore / King, Kathleen -- Local Heroes / King, Kathleen -- Local Happenings / King, Kathleen -- Severe Weather / King, Kathleen -- Old Schools / King, Kathleen -- Local Marriage Customs / King, Kathleen -- Local Place Names / King, Kathleen -- In the Penal Times / King, Kathleen -- Bird-Lore / King, Kathleen -- Local Cures / King, Kathleen -- Homemade Toys / King, Kathleen -- Unlucky Days / King, Kathleen -- Fairy Forts / King, Kathleen -- Local Poets / King, Kathleen -- Games I Play / King, Kathleen -- Local Roads / King, Kathleen -- My Home District / King, Kathleen -- Hidden Treasure / Coonan, Peggie -- Story / Coonan, Peggie -- Riddles / Kealy, Mary -- Weather-Lore / Coonan, Peggie -- Local Heroes / Coonan, Peggie -- Local Happenings / Coonan, Peggie -- Severe Weather / Coonan, Peggie -- Old Schools / Coonan, Peggie -- Local Marriage Customs / Coonan, Peggie -- Local Place Names / King, Kathleen -- Bird-Lore / Atkinson, Gertie -- Local Cures / Kealy, Mary -- Homemade Toys / Atkinson, Gertie -- Unlucky Days / King, Kathleen -- Fairy Forts -- Games I Play -- Local Roads / Atkinson, Gertie -- My Home District -- Hidden Treasures / Wade, Mary -- Hidden Treasures / Atkinson, Gwen -- Hidden Treasures / Atkinson, Gwen -- Hidden Treasures / Atkinson, Gwen -- Story / Atkinson, Gwen -- Story / Atkinson, Gwen -- Riddles / Atkinson, Gwen -- Weather-Lore / Atkinson, Gwen -- Local Heroes / Atkinson, Gwen -- Local Happenings / Atkinson, Gwen -- Severe Weather / Atkinson, Gwen -- Hedge-Schools / Atkinson, Gwen -- Local Marriage Customs / Atkinson, Gwen -- Local Place Names / Atkinson, Gwen -- Bird-Lore / Atkinson, Gwen -- Local Cures / Atkinson, Gwen -- Homemade Toys / Atkinson, Gwen -- Local Roads / Atkinson, Gwen -- Hidden Treasures / Graham, Carmel -- Story / Graham, Carmel -- Riddles / Graham, Carmel -- Weather-Lore / Graham, Carmel -- Local Heroes / Graham, Carmel -- Local Happenings / Graham, Carmel -- Local Happenings / Graham, Carmel -- Local Happenings / Brennan, Bill -- Severe Weather / Graham, Carmel -- Old Schools / Graham, Carmel -- Old Crafts / Graham, Carmel -- Local Marriage Customs / Graham, Carmel -- Local Place Names / Graham, Carmel -- Bird-Lore / Atkinson, Gwen -- Local Cures / Graham, Carmel -- Homemade Toys / Atkinson, Gertie -- Lore of Certain Days / Graham, Carmel -- Fairy Forts / Atkinson, Gwen -- Local Poets / Graham, Carmel -- Games I Play / Graham, Carmel -- Local Roads / Graham, Carmel -- My Home District / Graham, Carmel -- Our Holy Wells / Graham, Carmel -- Potato Crop / Graham, Carmel -- Festival Customs / Graham, Carmel -- Proverbs / Graham, Carmel -- Hidden Treasures / Atkinson, Gertie -- Stories / Atkinson, Gertie -- Riddles / Atkinson, Gertie -- Weather-Lore / Atkinson, Gertie -- Local Heroes / Atkinson, Gertie -- Local Happenings / Atkinson, Gertie -- Severe Weather / Atkinson, Gertie -- Old Schools / Atkinson, Gertie -- Local Marriages / Atkinson, Gertie -- Local Place Names / Atkinson, Gertie -- Bird-Lore / Atkinson, Gertie -- Local Cures / Atkinson, Gertie -- Homemade Toys / Atkinson, Gertie -- Unlucky Days / Atkinson, Gertie -- Fairy Forts / Atkinson, Gertie -- Local Roads / Atkinson, Gertie -- My Home District / Atkinson, Gertie -- Potato Crop / Atkinson, Gertie -- Festival Customs / Atkinson, Gertie -- Proverbs / Atkinson, Gertie -- Hidden Treasures / Dowling, Andrew -- Funny Story / Doyle, Peter -- Riddles / Doyle, Patrick -- Weather-Lore / Dowling, Andrew -- Local Heroes / Doyle, Peter -- Local Happenings / Dowling, James -- Severe Weather / Moore, John -- Old Customs / Dowling, Andrew -- Local Marriages / Dowling, Andrew -- Names of Fields / Dowling, Andrew -- Local Place Names / Dowling, Andrew -- Bird-Lore / Dowling, Andrew -- Local Cures / Moore, John -- Local Toys / Dolan, John -- Unlucky Days / Burke, Patrick -- Travelling Folk / Doyle, John -- Fairy Forts / Dolan, John -- Famine Times / Burke, Pat -- Games I Play / Dowling, Robert -- Local Roads / Motley, Michael -- Our Holy Wells / Moore, John -- My Home District / Burke, Thomas -- Herbs / Dowling, Pat -- Potato Crop / Doyle, Peter -- Old Proverbs / Burke, Tom -- Care of Our Farm Animals / Dowling, James -- Treasure / Burke, Thomas -- Fairy Tale / Burke, Thomas -- Riddles / Burke, Thomas -- Weather-Lore / Burke, Thomas -- Local Heroes / Burke, Thomas -- Local Happenings / Burke, Thomas -- Severe Weather / Burke, Thomas -- Hedge-Schools / Burke, Thomas -- Local Place Names / Burke, Thomas -- Bird-Lore / Burke, Thomas -- Local Cures / Burke, Thomas -- Local Toys / Burke, Thomas -- Lore of Certain Days / Burke, Thomas -- Local Travellings / Burke, Thomas -- Fairy Forts / Burke, Thomas -- Famine Times / Burke, Thomas -- Holy Wells / Burke, Thomas -- Potato Crop / Burke, Thomas -- Churning / Burke, Thomas -- Local Tailors / Burke, Thomas -- Local Fairs / Burke, Thomas -- Food in Olden Times / Burke, Thomas -- Buying and Selling / Burke, Thomas -- Leprechaun or Mermaid / Burke, Thomas -- Hidden Treasure / Lynam, Michael J.P. -- Story of Michael Roberts / Lynam, Michael J.P. -- Riddles / Lynam, Michael J.P., Supported by funding from the Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht (Ireland), University College Dublin, and the National Folklore Foundation (Fondúireacht Bhéaloideas Éireann), 2014-2016.

A collection of folklore and local history stories from An Grianán (Mount Temple) B. (school) (Mount Temple, Co. Westmeath), collected as part of the Schools' Folklore Scheme, 1937-1938 under the supervision of teacher S. Ó Riain., Hidden Treasure -- Hidden Treasure -- Hidden Treasure -- One dark night many years ago as he was returning from Moate he saw a strange light in the shape of a ball. -- Old Crafts -- Lime -- Local Marriages / Conlon, John -- Local Marriages / Doyle, Patrick -- Mass Rock / Conlon, John -- Mass Rock / Doyle, John -- Local Place Names / Ledwith, Gerald -- Local Place Names / Conlon, John -- Forts / Doyle, Patrick -- Local Cures / Conlon, Michael -- Local Cures / Doyle, Patrick -- Local Cures / Doyle, Dan -- Fairy Fort / Conlon, John -- Local Cures / Donohue, Thomas -- Local Place Names / Conlon, John -- Local Place Names / Doyle, Patrick -- Local Cures / Conlon, Michael -- Local Cures / Ganley, Thomas -- Famine / Ganley, Thomas -- It is a custom in our district, for a person to take the churn dash for a few minutes when they enter the house if there is churning going on. / Doyle, Patrick -- Local Story / Conlon, John -- Maheramore the townland in which I live, is in the parish of Mount Temple and in the barony of Clonlonan. / Doyle, Paddy -- Churning / Conlon, John -- Story of a Well / Ledwith, William -- In the townland of Dunlum about a mile and a half north of the village of Mt Temple there is an old ash tree. / Conlon, John -- In Ballyboran the district where I live it is said there was a ghost in Andrew Murphy's house. / Donohue, Andrew -- Mount Temple / Neill, Eamonn O -- Old Story / Daly, Bernard -- Lore of Days / Conlon, John -- Lore of Days / Donohue, Andrew -- Local Ghost-Story / Ganley, Thomas -- My Home District / Conlon, John -- Herbs and Local Cure / Doyle, Dan -- Potato Crop / Doyle, Patrick -- Potato Crop - Potato Seed Preparation / Doyle, Patrick -- Potato Crop -- Potato Crop - Digging the Potatoes / Doyle, John -- Herbs and Cures -- Local Song / Doyle, John -- Local Ghost-Story / Ganley, Thomas -- Herbs and Weeds / Doyle, Patrick -- Local Forge -- Herbs / Conlon, John -- The forge I know is on the main road between Athlone and Moate, about two and a half miles west of the latter, and six miles east of the former. / Doyle, Patrick -- Local Customs / Conlon, Michael -- Local Custom / Doyle, Patrick -- Old Song / Donohue, Thomas -- Our Animals / Ganley, Thomas -- Old Story / Conlon, John -- Food in Olden Times / Conlon, John -- Halloween Feast -- Holy Wells / Conlon, John -- Old Story -- Leipreachán, Supported by funding from the Department of Arts, Heritage and the Gaeltacht (Ireland), University College Dublin, and the National Folklore Foundation (Fondúireacht Bhéaloideas Éireann), 2014-2016.

Gupta, Ankur et al. “Controlling and Predicting Droplet Size of Nanoemulsions: Scaling Relations with Experimental Validation.” Soft Matter 12.5 (2016): 1452–1458., Eni S.p.A.

Several recent experiments suggest that sharply bent DNA has a surprisingly high bending flexibility, but the cause of this flexibility is poorly understood. Although excitation of flexible defects can explain these results, whether such excitation can occur with the level of DNA bending in these experiments remains unclear. Intriguingly, the DNA contained preexisting nicks in most of these experiments but whether nicks might play a role in flexibility has never been considered in the interpretation of experimental results. Here, using full-atom molecular dynamics simulations, we show that nicks promote DNA basepair disruption at the nicked sites, which drastically reduces DNA bending energy. In addition, lower temperatures suppress the nick-dependent basepair disruption. In the absence of nicks, basepair disruption can also occur but requires a higher level of DNA bending. Therefore, basepair disruption inside B-form DNA can be suppressed if the DNA contains preexisting nicks. Overall, our results suggest that the reported mechanical anomaly of sharply bent DNA is likely dependent on preexisting nicks, therefore the intrinsic mechanisms of sharply bent nick-free DNA remain an open question., Singapore. National Research Foundation (Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology)

Due to their hydrophilic, biocompatible, and highly tunable nature, hydrogel materials have attracted strong interest in the recent years for numerous biotechnological applications. In particular, their solution-like environment and non-fouling nature in complex biological samples render hydrogels as ideal substrates for biosensing applications. Hydrogel coatings, and later, gel dot surface microarrays, were successfully used in sensitive nucleic acid assays and immunoassays. More recently, new microfabrication techniques for synthesizing encoded particles from hydrogel materials have enabled the development of hydrogel-based suspension arrays. Lithography processes and droplet-based microfluidic techniques enable generation of libraries of particles with unique spectral or graphical codes, for multiplexed sensing in biological samples. In this review, we discuss the key questions arising when designing hydrogel particles dedicated to biosensing. How can the hydrogel material be engineered in order to tune its properties and immobilize bioprobes inside? What are the strategies to fabricate and encode gel particles, and how can particles be processed and decoded after the assay? Finally, we review the bioassays reported so far in the literature that have used hydrogel particle arrays and give an outlook of further developments of the field. Keywords: Hydrogel; Biosensor; Microparticle; Multiplex assay, Novartis Institutes of Biomedical Research (Presidential Fellowship), Novartis Institutes of Biomedical Research (Education Office), National Cancer Institute (U.S.) (Grant 5R21CA177393-02), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant CMMI-1120724), Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies (Grant W911NF-09-0001), United States. Army Research Office

We report the coexistence of stress-bearing percolation with arrested phase separation in a colloidal system of thermoresponsive nanoemulsions spanning a broad range of volume fractions (0.10 ≤ ϕ ≤ 0.33) and temperatures (22 °C ≤ T ≤ 65 °C). Here, gelation is driven by short-range interdroplet polymer bridging at elevated temperatures. Direct visualization of the gel microstructure shows that nanoemulsions undergo a homogenous percolation transition prior to phase separation. Rheological characterization shows that both the percolated and the phase separated structures are capable of supporting a significant amount of elastic stress. As the system is heated, the sequential onset of these phase transitions is responsible for the unusual two-step increase in the linear viscoelasticity of the gels. In addition, we find that slowing the heating rate significantly reduces the elasticity of the gels at high temperatures. Our results suggest that the formation of metastable gelled states not only depends on the attraction strength and volume fraction of the system, but is also sensitive to the rate at which the attraction strength is increased., United States. Army Research Office (Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies Grant W911NF-09-D-0001), National Science Foundation (U.S.). Materials Research Science and Engineering Centers (Program) (Grant DMR-1419807)

Knots can occur in biopolymers such as DNA and peptides. In our previous study, we systematically investigated the effects of intra-chain interactions on knots and found that long-range repulsions can surprisingly tighten knots. Here, we use this knowledge to trap a knot into tight conformations in Langevin dynamics simulations. By trapping, we mean that the free energy landscape with respect to the knot size exhibits a potential well around a small knot size in the presence of long-range repulsions, and this potential can well lead to long-lived tight knots when its depth is comparable to or larger than thermal energy. We tune the strength of intra-chain repulsion such that a knot is weakly trapped. Driven by thermal fluctuations, the knot can escape from the trap and is then re-trapped. We find that the knot switches between tight and loose conformations—referred to as “knot breathing”. We use a Yukawa potential to model screened electrostatic interactions to explore the relevance of knot trapping and breathing in charged biopolymers. We determine the minimal screened length and the minimal strength of repulsion for knot trapping. We find that Coulomb-induced knot trapping is possible to occur in single-stranded DNA and peptides for normal ionic strengths., National Science Foundation (U.S.) (CBET-1602406)

Stop Flow Lithography (SFL) is a microfluidic-based particle synthesis method for creating anisotropic multifunctional particles with applications that range from MEMS to biomedical engineering. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been typically used to construct SFL devices as the material enables rapid prototyping of channels with complex geometries, optical transparency, and oxygen permeability. However, PDMS is not compatible with most organic solvents which limit the current range of materials that can be synthesized with SFL. Here, we demonstrate that a fluorinated elastomer, called perfluoropolyether (PFPE), can be an alternative oxygen permeable elastomer for SFL microfluidic flow channels. We fabricate PFPE microfluidic devices with soft lithography and synthesize anisotropic multifunctional particles in the devices via the SFL process – this is the first demonstration of SFL with oxygen lubrication layers in a non-PDMS channel. We benchmark the SFL performance of the PFPE devices by comparing them to PDMS devices. We synthesized particles in both PFPE and PDMS devices under the same SFL conditions and found the difference of particle dimensions was less than a micron. PFPE devices can greatly expand the range of precursor materials that can be processed in SFL because the fluorinated devices are chemically resistant to most organic solvents, an inaccessible class of reagents in PDMS-based devices due to swelling., Kwanjeong Educational Foundation (Korea), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grants CMMI-1120724 and DMR- 1006147)

Field-induced static and dynamic yield stresses are explored for magnetorheological (MR) suspensions in an aging, yield stress matrix fluid composed of an aqueous dispersion of Laponite® clay. Using a custom-built magnetorheometry fixture, the MR response is studied for magnetic field strengths up to 1 T and magnetic particle concentrations up to 30 v%. The yield stress of the matrix fluid, which serves to inhibit sedimentation of dispersed carbonyl iron magnetic microparticles, is found to have a negligible effect on the field-induced static yield stress for sufficient applied fields, and good agreement is observed between field-induced static and dynamic yield stresses for all but the lowest field strengths and particle concentrations. These results, which generally imply a dominance of inter-particle dipolar interactions over the matrix fluid yield stress, are analyzed by considering a dimensionless magnetic yield parameter that quantifies the balance of stresses on particles. By characterizing the applied magnetic field in terms of the average particle magnetization, a rheological master curve is generated for the field-induced static yield stress that indicates a concentration–magnetization superposition. The results presented herein will provide guidance to formulators of MR fluids and designers of MR devices who require a field-induced static yield stress and a dispersion that is essentially indefinitely stable to sedimentation., Petroleum Research Fund (ACS-PRF Grant No. 49956-ND9), American Chemical Society (ACS-PRF Grant No. 49956-ND9)

Single polymer chains undergo a phase transition from coiled conformations to globular conformations as the effective attraction between monomers becomes strong enough. In this work, we investigated the coil-globule transition of a semiflexible chain confined between two parallel plates, i.e. a slit, using the lattice model and Pruned-enriched Rosenbluth method (PERM) algorithm. We find that as the slit height decreases, the critical attraction for the coil-globule transition changes non-monotonically due to the competition of the confinement free energies of the coiled and globular states. In wide (narrow) slits, the coiled state experiences more (less) confinement free energy, and hence the transition becomes easier (more difficult). In addition, we find that the transition becomes less sharp with the decreasing slit height. Here, the sharpness refers to the sensitivity of thermodynamic quantities when varying the attraction around the critical value. The relevant experiments can be performed for DNA condensation in microfluidic devices., Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Center, National Science Foundation (U.S.) (CBET-1335938)

We report a synthesis approach based on stop-flow lithography (SFL) for fabricating colloidal microparticles with any arbitrary 2D-extruded shape. By modulating the degree of oxygen inhibition during synthesis, we achieved previously unattainable particle sizes. Brownian diffusion of colloidal discs in bulk suggests the out-of-plane dimension can be as small as 0.8 μm, which agrees with confocal microscopy measurements. We measured the hindered diffusion of microdiscs near a solid surface and compared our results to theoretical predictions. These colloidal particles can also flow through physiological microvascular networks formed by endothelial cells undergoing vasculogensis under minimal hydrostatic pressure (∼5 mm H2O). This versatile platform creates future opportunities for on-chip parametric studies of particle geometry effects on particle passage properties, distribution and cellular interactions., United States. Army Research Office (Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies. Grant W911NF-09-0001), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grants CMMI-1120724 and DMR-1006147), Singapore-MIT Alliance in Research and Technology (SMART)

Biofilms are densely populated communities of microbial cells protected and held together by a matrix of extracellular polymeric substances. The structure and rheological properties of the matrix at the microscale influence the retention and transport of molecules and cells in the biofilm, thereby dictating population and community behavior. Despite its importance, quantitative descriptions of the matrix microstructure and microrheology are limited. Here, particle-tracking microrheology in combination with genetic approaches was used to spatially and temporally study the rheological contributions of the major exopolysaccharides Pel and Psl in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. Psl increased the elasticity and effective cross-linking within the matrix, which strengthened its scaffold and appeared to facilitate the formation of microcolonies. Conversely, Pel reduced effective cross-linking within the matrix. Without Psl, the matrix becomes more viscous, which facilitates biofilm spreading. The wild-type biofilm decreased in effective cross-linking over time, which would be advantageous for the spreading and colonization of new surfaces. This suggests that there are regulatory mechanisms to control production of the exopolysaccharides that serve to remodel the matrix of developing biofilms. The exopolysaccharides were also found to have profound effects on the spatial organization and integration of P. aeruginosa in a mixed-species biofilm model of P. aeruginosa-Staphylococcus aureus. Pel was required for close association of the two species in mixed-species microcolonies. In contrast, Psl was important for P. aeruginosa to form single-species biofilms on top of S. aureus biofilms. Our results demonstrate that Pel and Psl have distinct physical properties and functional roles during biofilm formation., Singapore. National Research Foundation (Singapore Centre on Environmental Life Sciences Engineering (SCELSE)), Nanyang Technological University, National University of Singapore (Research Centre of Excellence Program), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (BioSystems and Micromechanics Program)

Controlled manipulation of particles from very large volumes of fluid at high throughput is critical for many biomedical, environmental and industrial applications. One promising approach is to use microfluidic technologies that rely on fluid inertia or elasticity to drive lateral migration of particles to stable equilibrium positions in a microchannel. Here, we report on a hydrodynamic approach that enables deterministic focusing of beads, mammalian cells and anisotropic hydrogel particles in a microchannel at extremely high flow rates. We show that on addition of micromolar concentrations of hyaluronic acid, the resulting fluid viscoelasticity can be used to control the focal position of particles at Reynolds numbers up to Re≈10,000 with corresponding flow rates and particle velocities up to 50 ml min[superscript −1] and 130 m s[superscript −1]. This study explores a previously unattained regime of inertio-elastic fluid flow and demonstrates bioparticle focusing at flow rates that are the highest yet achieved., National Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (U.S.) (P41 BioMicroElectroMechanical Systems Resource Center), National Institute for Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (U.S.) (P41 EB002503), National Science Foundation (U.S.). Graduate Research Fellowship, United States. Army Research Office (Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies Grant W911NF-09-0001)

We consider how to design a microfluidic system in which suspended particles spontaneously order into flowing crystals when driven by external pressure. Via theory and numerics, we find that particle–particle hydrodynamic interactions drive self-organization under suitable conditions of particle morphology and geometric confinement. Small clusters of asymmetric “tadpole” particles, strongly confined in one direction and weakly confined in another, spontaneously order in a direction perpendicular to the external flow, forming one dimensional lattices. Large suspensions of tadpoles exhibit strong density heterogeneities and form aggregates. By rationally tailoring particle shape, we tame this aggregation and achieve formation of large two-dimensional crystals., United States. Army Research Office (Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies (ICB), contract no. W911NF-09-D-0001)

We elucidate mechanisms for colloidal gelation of attractive nanoemulsions depending on the volume fraction (ϕ) of the colloid. Combining detailed neutron scattering, cryo-transmission electron microscopy and rheological measurements, we demonstrate that gelation proceeds by either of two distinct pathways. For ϕ sufficiently lower than 0.23, gels exhibit homogeneous fractal microstructure, with a broad gel transition resulting from the formation and subsequent percolation of droplet–droplet clusters. In these cases, the gel point measured by rheology corresponds precisely to arrest of the fractal microstructure, and the nonlinear rheology of the gel is characterized by a single yielding process. By contrast, gelation for ϕ sufficiently higher than 0.23 is characterized by an abrupt transition from dispersed droplets to dense clusters with significant long-range correlations well-described by a model for phase separation. The latter phenomenon manifests itself as micron-scale “pores” within the droplet network, and the nonlinear rheology is characterized by a broad yielding transition. Our studies reinforce the similarity of nanoemulsions to solid particulates, and identify important qualitative differences between the microstructure and viscoelastic properties of colloidal gels formed by homogeneous percolation and those formed by phase separation., United States. Army Research Office (Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies. Grant W911NF- 09-0001), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grants CMMI-1120724 and DMR-1006147)

Biofilms are communities of surface-adherent bacteria surrounded by secreted polymers known as the extracellular polymeric substance. Biofilms are harmful in many industries, and thus it is of great interest to understand their mechanical properties and structure to determine ways to destabilize them. By performing single particle tracking with beads of varying surface functionalization it was found that charge interactions play a key role in mediating mobility within biofilms. With a combination of single particle tracking and microrheological concepts, it was found that Escherichia coli biofilms display height dependent charge density that evolves over time. Statistical analyses of bead trajectories and confocal microscopy showed inter-connecting micron scale channels that penetrate throughout the biofilm, which may be important for nutrient transfer through the system. This methodology provides significant insight into a particular biofilm system and can be applied to many others to provide comparisons of biofilm structure. The elucidation of structure provides evidence for the permeability of biofilms to microscale objects, and the ability of a biofilm to mature and change properties over time., National Science Foundation (U.S.) (CBET-1335938), Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (HANES07XX0), Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Charles E. Reed Faculty Initiative Fund), Burroughs Wellcome Fund (Preterm Birth Research Grant), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U.S.) (F30 Fellowship 1F30AI110053-01), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U.S.) (Training Grant in Toxicology 5 T32 ES7020-37)

Microorganisms can form biofilms, which are multicellular communities surrounded by a hydrated extracellular matrix of polymers. Central properties of the biofilm are governed by this extracellular matrix, which provides mechanical stability to the 3D biofilm structure, regulates the ability of the biofilm to adhere to surfaces, and determines the ability of the biofilm to adsorb gases, solutes, and foreign cells. Despite their critical relevance for understanding and eliminating of biofilms, the materials properties of the extracellular matrix are understudied. Here, we offer the reader a guide to current technologies that can be utilized to specifically assess the permeability and mechanical properties of the biofilm matrix and its interacting components. In particular, we highlight technological advances in instrumentation and interactions between multiple disciplines that have broadened the spectrum of methods available to conduct these studies. We review pioneering work that furthers our understanding of the material properties of biofilms., National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Training Grant in Toxicology 5 T32 ES7020-37), Hugh Hampton Young Memorial Fellowship, National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (U.S.) F30 Fellowship 1F30AI110053-01), Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, National Institutes of Health (U.S.) (Grant R01 EB017755), National Science Foundation (U.S.). Graduate Research Fellowship (Grant 1122374), Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Charles E. Reed Faculty Initiative Fund

The effect of a cationic-neutral diblock polypeptide on the conformation of single DNA molecules confined in rectangular nanochannels is investigated with fluorescence microscopy. An enhanced stretch along the channel is observed with increased binding of the cationic block of the polypeptide to DNA. A maximum stretch of 85% of the contour length can be achieved inside a channel with a cross-sectional diameter of 200 nm and at a 2-fold excess of polypeptide with respect to DNA charge. With site-specific fluorescence labelling, it is demonstrated that this maximum stretch is sufficient to map large-scale genomic organization. Monte Carlo computer simulation shows that the amplification of the stretch inside the nanochannels is owing to an increase in bending rigidity and thickness of bottlebrush-coated DNA. The persistence lengths and widths deduced from the nanochannel data agree with what has been estimated from the analysis of atomic force microscopy images of dried complexes on silica., Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, National Science Foundation (U.S.)

We report an approach to study the in situ conformational response of single biomolecules such as DNA to a change in environmental solution conditions. These conditions are, for example, the composition of the buffer or the presence of protein. For this purpose, we designed and fabricated a nanofluidic device featuring two arrays of parallel nanochannels in a perpendicular configuration. The cross-sections of the channels are rectangular with a diameter down to 175 nm. These lab-on-a-chip devices were made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) cast on a high quality master stamp, obtained by proton beam writing and UV lithography. Biomolecules can be inserted into the device through the array of channels in one direction, whereas the buffer can be exchanged through the intersecting array of channels in the other direction. A buffer exchange time inside the grid of nanochannels of less than one second was measured by monitoring the conductivity of salt solutions. The exchange time of a protein was typically a few seconds, as determined by imaging the influx of fluorescence labelled protamine. We demonstrate the functionality of the device by investigating the compaction of DNA by protamine and the unpacking of pre-compacted DNA through an increase in the concentration of salt., Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore. Ministry of Education (Grant R-144-000-270-112), Singapore. Ministry of Education (Grant R-144-000-312-112), National Science Foundation (U.S.) (Grant CBET-0852235)