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Cadmium-induction of hepato-toxicity and inflammation in animal models have been reported. The mechanism underlying hepatic inflammation is poorly understood. This study evaluated antiinflammatory potentials of MO11 (isolated from Moringa oleifera leaves) and MS06 (isolated from Musa sapientum suckers) in Cadmium Chloride (CdCl)-induced hepato-toxicity and inflammation in rats.Twenty-eight adult male wistar rats (average weight of 155 g) were randomly divided into 7 groups (n = 4). Group 1 was control. Groups 2 - 4 and 7 received single intraperitoneal administration of 1.5 mg/Kg bodyweight of CdCl on Day 1. Thereafter, Groups 3, 4 and 7 were post-treated with 15 mg/Kg bodyweight of MO11, 15 mg/Kg bodyweight of MO11 + 7 mg/Kg bodyweight of MS06 and single-dose of 3.35 mg/Kg bodyweight of Doxorubicin respectively (Days 1 - 17). Groups 5 and 6 received only MO11-dose and Olive Oil (vehicle) respectively (Days 1 - 17). Liver histopathology (Heamatoxyline and Eosin technique) and ELISA concentrations of proinflammatory biomarkers (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and NF-kB) and anti-inflammatory biomarkers (IL-4 and IL-10) in liver homogenates of rats of Groups 1 - 7 were evaluated. Computed data were statistically analysed using Mann-Whitney-U test at P ≤ 0.05. Histo-pathological analyses showed normal liver histology in Groups 1 - 7. Post-treatments of CdCl-induced hepato-toxicity and hepatic inflammation with MO11 and MO11+MS06 resulted in downregulations of IL-1β, IL-6, IL- 8 and NF-kB, but upregulations of IL-4 and IL-10 in Groups 3, 4 and 7, compared with Group 2. MO11 and MS06 possess hepato-protective and anti-inflammatory potentials.

Anticancer potential of MO11 (fractionated from Moringa oleifera leaves) and MS06 (fractionated from Musa sapientum suckers) against cadmium chloride induced hepatotoxicity, demyelination, carcinogenesis, and metastasis is reported. The activity was evaluated for 17 days in 24 adult male Wistar rats randomly divided into six groups (n=4). The baseline control Group 1 received normal saline only for the entire study period. Groups 2, 3, 4 and 6 received single CdCl-dose on Day 1. Group 2 (negative control) received no further treatment, while Groups 3, 4 and 6 were treated with plant extracts MO11, MO11+MS06, and doxorubicin (positive control), respectively, on Days 1-17. Group 5 received olive oil vehicle only for the 17 days. Levels of neurotransmitters (dopamine and glutamate), and biomarkers of myelination (myelin basic protein, MBP), drug metabolism and carcinogenesis (cytochrome p450), apoptosis (caspase-3 and p53), and angiogenesis (soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor, sVEGFR) in liver homogenates were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data were statistically analysed using Mann-Whitney U test with p ≤ 0.05. The MO11, MO11+MS06, and doxorubicin upregulated dopamine, glutamate, and cytochrome p450, but downregulated MBP, caspase-3, p53 and sVEGFR in Groups 3, 4 and 6, compared with Group 2, implying the hepatoprotective, re-myelination, and anticancer potential of the studied plant fractions.